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                               POEMS

                                OF

                        JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL

                     _WITH BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH_

                                BY

                        NATHAN HASKELL DOLE

                             NEW YORK
                      THOMAS Y. CROWELL & CO.
                            PUBLISHERS



                     |Copyright|, 1892, 1898,
                       By T.Y. CROWELL & CO.

                          Norwood Press
              J.S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith
                       Norwood Mass. U.S.A.




                             CONTENTS.


                                                                 PAGE

  |Biographical Sketch|                                           ix

                           EARLY POEMS.

  Sonnet                                                           1

  Hakon's Lay                                                      1

  Out of Doors                                                     3

  A Reverie                                                        4

  In Sadness                                                       6

  Farewell                                                         7

  A Dirge                                                         10

  Fancies about a Rosebud                                         15

  New Year's Eve, 1844                                            17

  A Mystical Ballad                                               20

  Opening Poem to A Year's Life                                   23

  Dedication to Volume of Poems entitled A Year's Life            24

  The Serenade                                                    24

  Song                                                            26

  The Departed                                                    27

  The Bobolink                                                    30

  Forgetfulness                                                   32

  Song                                                            33

  The Poet                                                        34

  Flowers                                                         35

  The Lover                                                       39

  To E. W. G.                                                     40

  Isabel                                                          42

  Music                                                           43

  Song                                                            46

  Ianthe                                                          48

  Love's Altar                                                    52

  Impartiality                                                    54

  Bellerophon                                                     54

  Something Natural                                               58

  A Feeling                                                       58

  The Lost Child                                                  59

  The Church                                                      60

  The Unlovely                                                    61

  Love-Song                                                       62

  Song                                                            63

  A Love-Dream                                                    65

  Fourth of July Ode                                              66

  Sphinx                                                          67

  "Goe, Little Booke!"                                            69

  Sonnets                                                         71

  Sonnets on Names                                                82


                       MISCELLANEOUS POEMS.

  Threnodia                                                       85

  The Sirens                                                      87

  Irené                                                           90

  Serenade                                                        93

  With a Pressed Flower                                           93

  The Beggar                                                      94

  My Love                                                         95

  Summer Storm                                                    97

  Love                                                           100

  To Perdita, Singing                                            101

  The Moon                                                       103

  Remembered Music                                               104

  Song                                                           105

  Allegra                                                        105

  The Fountain                                                   106

  Ode                                                            107

  The Fatherland                                                 112

  The Forlorn                                                    112

  Midnight                                                       114

  A Prayer                                                       115

  The Heritage                                                   116

  The Rose: A Ballad                                             118

  A Legend of Brittany                                           120

  Prometheus                                                     139

  Song                                                           147

  Rosaline                                                       148

  The Shepherd of King Admetus                                   151

  The Token                                                      152

  An Incident in a Railroad Car                                  153

  Rhœcus                                                        156

  The Falcon                                                     160

  Trial                                                          161

  A Requiem                                                      161

  A Parable                                                      162

  A Glance behind the Curtain                                    164

  Song                                                           172

  A Chippewa Legend                                              172

  Stanzas on Freedom                                             176

  Columbus                                                       176

  An Incident of the Fire at Hamburg                             183

  The Sower                                                      185

  Hunger and Cold                                                187

  The Landlord                                                   189

  To a Pine-Tree                                                 190

  Si Descendero in Infernum, Ades                                191

  To the Past                                                    192

  To the Future                                                  194

  Hebe                                                           196

  The Search                                                     197

  The Present Crisis                                             199

  An Indian-Summer Reverie                                       203

  The Growth of the Legend                                       211

  A Contrast                                                     213

  Extreme Unction                                                214

  The Oak                                                        216

  Ambrose                                                        217

  Above and Below                                                219

  The Captive                                                    220

  The Birch-Tree                                                 223

  An Interview with Miles Standish                               224

  On the Capture of Certain Fugitive Slaves near Washington      228

  To the Dandelion                                               230

  The Ghost-Seer                                                 231

  Studies for Two Heads                                          236

  On a Portrait of Dante by Giotto                               239

  On the Death of a Friend's Child                               240

  Eurydice                                                       242

  She Came and Went                                              245

  The Changeling                                                 245

  The Pioneer                                                    247

  Longing                                                        248

  Ode to France                                                  249

  A Parable                                                      254

  Ode                                                            255

  Lines                                                          257

  To ----                                                        258

  Freedom                                                        259

  Bibliolatres                                                   261

  Beaver Brook                                                   262

  Appledore                                                      263

  Dara                                                           265

  TO J. F. H.                                                    267

                        MEMORIAL VERSES.

  Kossuth                                                        268

  To Lamartine                                                   269

  To John G. Palfrey                                             271

  To W. L. Garrison                                              273

  On the Death of C. T. Torrey                                   274

  Elegy on the Death of Dr. Channing                             275

  To the Memory of Hood                                          277



  Sonnets                                                        278

  L'envoi                                                        289

  The Vision of Sir Launfal                                      293

  A Fable for Critics                                            303

  The Biglow Papers                                              357

  The Unhappy Lot of Mr Knott                                    471

  An Oriental Apologue                                           496




                       JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL.

                        BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH.


In the year 1639 Percival Lowle, or Lowell, a merchant of Bristol,
England, landed at the little seaport town of Newbury, Mass.

We generally speak of a man's descent. In the case of James Russell
Lowell's ancestry it was rather an ascent through eight generations.
Percival Lowle's son, John Lowell, was a worthy cooper in old Newbury;
his great-grandson was a shoemaker, his great-great-grandson was the
Rev. John Lowell of Newburyport, the father of the Hon. John Lowell, who
is regarded as the author of the clause in the Massachusetts
Constitution abolishing slavery.

Judge Lowell's son, Charles, was a Unitarian minister, "learned,
saintly, and discreet." He married Miss Harriet Traill Spence, of
Portsmouth,--a woman of superior mind, of great wit, vivacity, and an
impetuosity that reached eccentricity. She was of Keltic blood, of a
family that came from the Orkneys, and claimed descent from the Sir
Patrick Spens of "the grand old ballad." Several of her family were
connected with the American navy. Her father was Keith Spence, purser of
the frigate "Philadelphia," and a prisoner at Tripoli.

By ancestry on both sides, and by connections with the Russells and
other distinguished families, Lowell was a good type of the New England
gentleman.

He was born on the 22d of February, 1819, at Elmwood, not far from
Brattle Street, Cambridge.

This three-storied colonial mansion of wood, was built in 1767 by Thomas
Oliver, the last royal Lieutenant-Governor, before the Revolution.[1]
Like other houses in "Tory Row," it was abandoned by its owners. Soon
afterwards it came into possession of Elbridge Gerry, Governor of
Massachusetts, and fifth Vice-President of the United States, whose
memory and name are kept alive by the term "_gerrymander_." It next
became the property of Dr. Lowell about a year before the birth of his
youngest child, and it was the home of the poet until his death.

  [Footnote 1: Thomas Oliver was graduated from Harvard
     College in the class of 1758. He was a gentleman of fortune,
     and lived first in Roxbury. He bought the property on
     Elmwood Avenue in 1766. When he accepted the royal
     commission of Lieutenant-Governor, he became President of
     the Council appointed by the King. On Sept. 2, 1774, about
     four thousand Middlesex freeholders assembled at Cambridge
     and compelled the mandamus councillors to resign. The
     President of the Council urged the propriety of delay, but
     the Committee would not spare him. He was forced to sign an
     agreement, "as a man of honor and a Christian, that he would
     never hereafter, upon any terms whatsoever, accept a seat at
     said Board on the present novel and oppressive form of
     government." He immediately quitted Cambridge; and when the
     British troops evacuated Boston he accompanied them. By an
     odd coincidence he went to reside at Bristol, England, where
     he died at the age of eighty-two years, in 1815, shortly
     before the Lowells, who were of Bristol origin, took
     possession of his former home. In Underwood's sketch of
     Lowell, Thomas Oliver is confused with Chief Justice Peter
     Oliver, a man of a very different type of character.]

Lowell's early education was obtained mainly at a school kept nearly
opposite Elmwood by a retired publisher, an Englishman, Mr. William
Wells. He also studied in the classical school of Mr. Danial G. Ingraham
in Boston. He was graduated from Harvard College in the class of 1838.
He is reported as declaring that he read almost everything except the
class-books prescribed by the faculty. Lowell says, in one of his early
poems referring to Harvard,--

        "Tho' lightly prized the ribboned parchments three,
         Yet _collegisse juvat_, I am glad
         That here what colleging was mine I had."

He was secretary of the Hasty Pudding Society, and one of the editors of
the college periodical _Harvardiana_, to which he contributed various
articles in prose and verse. His neglect of prescribed studies, and
disregard of college discipline, resulted in his rustication just before
commencement in 1838. He was sent to Concord, where he resided in the
family of Barzillai Frost, and made the acquaintance of Emerson, then
beginning to rouse the ire of conservative Unitarianism by his
transcendental philosophy, of the brilliant but overestimated Margaret
Fuller, who afterwards severely criticised Lowell's verse, and of other
well-known residents of the pretty town. He had been elected poet of his
class. His removal from college prevented him from delivering the poem
which was afterwards published anonymously for private distribution. It
contained a satire on abolitionists and reformers. "I know the village,"
he writes long afterwards in the person of Hosea Biglow, Esquire.

        "I know the village though, was sent there once
         A-schoolin', 'cause to home I played the dunce!"

On his return to Cambridge he took up the study of law, and, in 1840,
received the degree of LL.B. He even went so far as to open an office in
Boston; but it is a question whether there was any actual basis of fact
in a whimsical sketch of his entitled "My First Client," published in
the short-lived _Boston Miscellany_, edited by Nathan Hale.

Several things engrossed Lowell's attention to the exclusion of law.
Society at Cambridge was particularly attractive at that time. Allston
the painter was living at Cambridgeport. Judge Story's pleasant home was
on Brattle Street. The Fays then occupied the house which has since
become the seat of Radcliffe College. Longfellow, described as "a
slender, blond young professor," was established in the Craigie House.
The famous names of Dr. Palfrey, Professor Andrews Norton, father of
Lowell's friend and biographer, the "saintly" Henry Ware, and others
will occur to the reader. He was fond of walking and knew every inch of
the beautiful ground then called "Sweet Auburn," now turned by the hand
of misguided man into that most distressing of monstrosities--a modern
cemetery. He haunted the poetic shades of the Waverley Oaks, heard the
charming music of Beaver Brook, and climbed the hills of Belmont and
Arlington.

He himself took his turn in establishing a magazine. In January, 1843,
he started _The Pioneer_, to which Hawthorne, John Neal, Miss Barrett,
Poe, Whittier, Story, Parsons, and others contributed, and which, in
spite of such an array of talent, perished untimely during the winds of
March.

He had already published, in 1841, a little volume of poems entitled "A
Year's Life." They were marked by no great originality, betrayed little
promise of future eminence, and Margaret Fuller, who reviewed them, was
quite right in asserting that "neither the imagery nor the music of
Lowell's verses was his own." The first sonnet in the present volume
(page 1) practically acknowledges the force of this criticism. The
influence of Wordsworth and Tennyson may be distinctly traced in most of
them. But many of the lines were harsh and many of the rhymes were
careless. Lowell's later and correcter taste omitted most of them from
his collected works.

Not far from Elmwood, but in the adjoining village of Watertown, lived
one of Lowell's classmates, whose sister, Maria White, a slender,
delicate girl, with a poetic genius in some respects more regulated and
lofty than his own, early inspired him with a true and saving love.
Speaking of the influences that moulded his life, George William Curtis
says:--

     "The first and most enduring was an early and happy passion
     for a lovely and high-minded woman who became his wife--the
     Egeria who exalted his youth and confirmed his noblest
     aspirations; a heaven-eyed counsellor of the serener air,
     who filled his mind with peace and his life with joy."

The young lady's prudent father objected to the marriage until the newly
fledged lawyer should be in a position to support a wife.

Shortly after the shipwreck of _The Pioneer_, Lowell was offered a
hundred dollars by _Graham's Monthly_ for ten poems. When Pegasus is
able to earn such princely sums, there seems no reason why Love should
be kept waiting at the cottage door. In 1844 Lowell published a new
edition of his poems, and married Miss White. It was her influence that
decided him to cast in his lot with the abolitionists. It was her
refined taste that shaped and tempered his impetuous verse. A volume of
her poems was in 1855, in an edition of fifty copies, privately printed,
and is now very rare. It is an odd circumstance that in Lowell's
library, from which Harvard College was allowed to select any volumes
not in Gore Hall, neither this book nor any of Lowell's own early poems
was to be found.

The young couple took up their residence at Elmwood, and here were born
three daughters and a son. All but one of his children died in infancy.
Many of the tenderest of his poems refer with touching pathos to his
bereavement: such for instance are "The Changeling" and "The First
Snowfall."

In 1845 appeared "The Vision of Sir Launfal,"--a genuine inspiration
composed in two days in a sort of ecstasy of poetic fervor. That more
than anything established his fame. He recognized that he was dedicated
to the Muses.

In 1846 he wrote:--

     "If I have any vocation, it is the making of verse. When I
     take my pen for that, the world opens itself ungrudgingly
     before me; everything seems clear and easy, as it seems
     sinking to the bottom could be as one leans over the edge of
     his boat in one of those dear coves at Fresh Pond.... My
     true place is to serve the cause as a poet. Then my heart
     leaps before me into the conflict."

The same year he began his "Biglow Papers" in the Boston _Courier_. Such
_jeux d'esprit_ are apt to be ephemeral. Lowell's are immortal. They
preserved in literary form a fast-fading dialect; they caught and
embalmed the mighty issues of a tremendous world-problem. Their
influence was incalculable. He gathered them into a volume in 1848, and
became corresponding editor of the _Anti-Slavery Standard_. Fortunate
man who throws himself into an unpopular cause which is in harmony with
the Right! How different from Wordsworth who attacked the ballot and
took sides against reform!

Lowell's penchant for satire was exemplified again the same year in his
"Fable for Critics."

In this Lowell with no sparing hand laid on his portraits most droll and
amusing colors. It is a comic portrait gallery, a series of caricatures
whose greatest value (as in all good caricatures) lies in the accurate
presentation of characteristic features. He did not spare himself:--

  "There is Lowell, who's striving Parnassus to climb
  With a whole bale of _isms_ tied together with rhyme.
  He might get on alone, spite of troubles and bowlders,
  But he can't with that bundle he has on his shoulders.
  The top of the hill he will ne'er come nigh reaching
  Till he learns the distinctions 'twixt singing and preaching;
  His lyre has some chords that would ring pretty well,
  But he'd rather by half make a drum of the shell,
  And rattle away till he's old as Methusalem
  At the head of a march to the last New Jerusalem."

Some of his thrusts left embittered feelings, but in general the tone
was so good-natured that only the thin-skinned could object, and it must
be confessed many of his judgments have been confirmed by Time.

In 1851 Lowell visited Europe, and spent upwards of a year widening his
acquaintance with the polite languages. But it is remarkable that Lowell
gave the world almost no metrical translations. Shortly after his return
his wife died (Oct. 27, 1853) after a slow decline. In reference to this
bereavement Longfellow wrote his beautiful poem, "The Two Angels."

The following year Longfellow resigned the Smith Professorship of the
French and Spanish Languages and Literature and Belles Lettres, and
Lowell was appointed his successor with two years' leave of absence. He
had won his spurs. He had collected his poems in two volumes, not
including "A Year's Life," the "Biglow Papers," or the "Fable for
Critics." He was known as one of the most brilliant contributors to
_Putnam's Monthly_ and other magazines.

In 1854 he delivered a series of twelve lectures on English poetry
before the Lowell Institute. Ten years before he had published a volume
of "Conversations on the Poets." The contrast between the two works is
no less pronounced than that between his earlier and later poems.

In both, however, there is a tendency toward a confusing
over-elaboration--Metaphors trample on the heels of Similes, and quaint
and often grotesque conceits sometimes pall upon the taste, just as in
the poems a flash of incongruous wit sometimes disturbs the serenity
that is desirable.

On his return from Europe, Mr. Lowell occupied the chair which he
adorned by his brilliant attainments and made memorable by his fame. He
lectured on Dante, Shakespeare, Chaucer, and Cervantes, and delighted
his audiences. At the same time he was editor of the _Atlantic Monthly_
for several years. From 1863 until 1872 he was associated with Professor
Charles Eliot Norton in the conduct of the _North American Review_.

In 1857 he married Miss Frances Dunlap of Portland, Me., a cultivated
lady who had been the governess of his daughter. She had unerring
literary taste and sound judgment, and Mr. Lowell soon came to entrust
to her the management of his financial affairs. She was enabled to make
their comparatively small income more than meet the exigencies of an
exacting position.

The second series of the "Biglow Papers," relating to the War of the
Rebellion, were first published in the _Atlantic_. They were collected
into a volume in 1865. That year was rendered notable by his
"Commemoration Ode," the worthy crowning of one of the grandest poetic
opportunities ever granted to man. "Under the Willows" appeared in 1869;
"The Cathedral" in 1870.

In 1864 he had issued a collection of his early descriptive articles
under the title, "Fireside Travels." In 1870 came "Among my Books." The
second series followed in 1876. "My Study Windows" was published in
1871. All these prose works were marked by an exuberant, vivid, poetic,
impassioned style. The tropical efflorescence of imagery was
characteristic of them all. He ought to have remembered his own words,--

        "Over-ornament ruins both poem and prose."

In 1876 appeared three memorial poems: that read at Concord, April 19,
1875; that read at Cambridge under the Washington Elm, July 3, 1875; and
the Fourth of July Ode of 1876. This year Mr. Lowell was appointed one
of the presidential electors; and the following year President Hayes
first offered him the Austrian mission, and, on his refusal of that,
gave him the honorary post at Madrid, which had been adorned by Everett,
Irving, and Prescott. He was there three years, and, on the retirement
of Mr. Welsh in 1880, was transferred to the Court of St. James, or, as
one of the English papers expressed it, he became "His Excellency the
Ambassador of American Literature to the Court of Shakespeare."

He was extremely popular. Known in private as "one of the most
marvellous of story-tellers," he became the lion of many public
occasions. The _London News_ spoke of the "Extraordinary felicity of his
occasional speeches." At Birmingham he delivered a noble address on
Democracy. He was selected to deliver the oration at the dedication of
the Dean Stanley Memorial. He spoke on Fielding at Taunton, on Coleridge
at Westminster Abbey, on Gray at Cambridge. He was President of the
Wordsworth Society. All sorts of honors were heaped upon him, both at
home and abroad.

He returned to America in 1885, and once more occupied the somewhat
dilapidated historic mansion at Elmwood.  Once more he moved amid his
rare and precious books, and heard the birds singing in the elms that
his father had planted, or in the clustered bushes back of the house. He
took a deep interest in the struggle for international copyright. He was
President of the American Copyright League, and wrote the memorable
lines:--

  "In vain we call old notions fudge,
    And bend our conscience to our dealing;
  The Ten Commandments will not budge;
    And stealing _will_ continue stealing."

He used the leisure of his failing health in revising his works. His
last volume of poems was entitled "Heart's Ease and Rue." One of his
latest poems, "My Book," appeared in the Christmas number of the New
York _Ledger_ in 1890. In the December number of the _Atlantic_ his hand
was visible in the anonymous "Contributor's Club."

During the last years his health was a matter of grave anxiety to his
friends. In the spring of 1891 he seemed better. He was engaged in
writing a life of Nathaniel Hawthorne. When the present writer call to
see him one beautiful spring day, he found him in his library, at that
moment engaged in making suggestions for the inscriptions on the new
Boston Public Library. His manner was the perfection of courtesy and
high breeding. His keen eyes seemed to read the very soul. Simplicity
and beautiful dignity, tempered by evident feebleness of health, made
him a memorable figure.

Toward the end of the summer he suddenly grew more seriously ill. He
suffered severely, and his last words were, "Oh! why don't you let me
die?"

He drew his last breath in the early morning of Aug. 12, 1891. He was
buried at Mount Auburn, in the shadow of Indian Ridge, not far from
Longfellow's grave, in a lot unenclosed and marked by no monument.

Memorial services were held in many places. Lord Tennyson cabled a
message of sympathy: "England and America will mourn Mr. Lowell's death.
They loved him and he loved them." The Queen publicly expressed her
respect and sorrow.

Few men have left a deeper impress on their age. Few men have used noble
powers more nobly. In private life and public station there is not a
shadow to stain the whiteness of his fame.

As a poet he stands in the front rank of those who have yet appeared in
America. As a critic he was generous and just; as a humorist he used his
shafts of ridicule only to wound wrong; as a statesman and diplomat he
was actuated by broad, far-seeing views; as a man he was a type to be
upheld and followed. America has just cause to reverence his memory; and
the whole English-speaking world, without geographical distinction,
claims him as its own.

                                     |Nathan Haskell Dole.|




                 EARLY POEMS.




                   SONNET.


  If some small savor creep into my rhyme
  Of the old poets, if some words I use,
  Neglected long, which have the lusty thews
  Of that gold-haired and earnest-hearted time,
  Whose loving joy and sorrow all sublime
  Have given our tongue its starry eminence,--
  It is not pride, God knows, but reverence
  Which hath grown in me since my childhood's prime;
  Wherein I feel that my poor lyre is strung
  With soul-strings like to theirs, and that I have
  No right to muse their holy graves among,
  If I can be a custom-fettered slave,
  And, in mine own true spirit, am not brave
  To speak what rusheth upward to my tongue.




                 HAKON'S LAY.


  Then Thorstein looked at Hakon, where he sate,
  Mute as a cloud amid the stormy hall,
  And said: "O, Skald, sing now an olden song,
  Such as our fathers heard who led great lives;
  And, as the bravest on a shield is borne
  Along the waving host that shouts him king,
  So rode their thrones upon the thronging seas!"

  Then the old man arose: white-haired he stood,
  White-bearded, and with eyes that looked afar
  From their still region of perpetual snow,
  Over the little smokes and stirs of men:
  His head was bowed with gathered flakes of years,
  As winter bends the sea-foreboding pine,
  But something triumphed in his brow and eye,
  Which whoso saw it, could not see and crouch:
  Loud rang the emptied beakers as he mused,
  Brooding his eyried thoughts; then, as an eagle
  Circles smooth-winged above the wind-vexed woods,
  So wheeled his soul into the air of song
  High o'er the stormy hall; and thus he sang:

  "The fletcher for his arrow-shaft picks out
  Wood closest-grained, long-seasoned, straight as light;
  And, from a quiver full of such as these,
  The wary bow-man, matched against his peers,
  Long doubting, singles yet once more the best.
  Who is it that can make such shafts as Fate?
  What archer of his arrows is so choice,
  Or hits the white so surely? They are men,
  The chosen of her quiver; nor for her
  Will every reed suffice, or cross-grained stick
  At random from life's vulgar fagot plucked:
  Such answer household ends; but she will have
  Souls straight and clear, of toughest fibre, sound
  Down to the heart of heart; from these she strips
  All needless stuff, all sapwood, hardens them,
  From circumstance untoward feathers plucks
  Crumpled and cheap, and barbs with iron will:
  The hour that passes is her quiver-boy;
  When she draws bow, 'tis not across the wind,
  Nor 'gainst the sun, her haste-snatched arrow sings,
  For sun and wind have plighted faith to her:
  Ere men have heard the sinew twang, behold,
  In the butt's heart her trembling messenger!

  "The song is old and simple that I sing:
  Good were the days of yore, when men were tried
  By ring of shields, as now by ring of gold;
  But, while the gods are left, and hearts of men,
  And the free ocean, still the days are good;
  Through the broad Earth roams Opportunity
  And knocks at every door of hut or hall,
  Until she finds the brave soul that she wants."

  He ceased, and instantly the frothy tide
  Of interrupted wassail roared along;
  But Leif, the son of Eric, sate apart
  Musing, and, with his eyes upon the fire,
  Saw shapes of arrows, lost as soon as seen;
  But then with that resolve his heart was bent,
  Which, like a humming shaft, through many a strife
  Of day and night across the unventured seas,
  Shot the brave prow to cut on Vinland sands
  The first rune in the Saga of the West.




            OUT OF DOORS.

  'Tis good to be abroad in the sun,
  His gifts abide when day is done;
  Each thing in nature from his cup
  Gathers a several virtue up;
  The grace within its being's reach
  Becomes the nutriment of each,
  And the same life imbibed by all
  Makes each most individual:
  Here the twig-bending peaches seek
  The glow that mantles in their cheek--
  Hence comes the Indian-summer bloom
  That hazes round the basking plum,
  And, from the same impartial light,
  The grass sucks green, the lily white.

  Like these the soul, for sunshine made,
  Grows wan and gracile in the shade,
  Her faculties, which God decreed
  Various as Summer's dædal breed,
  With one sad color are imbued,
  Shut from the sun that tints their blood;
  The shadow of the poet's roof
  Deadens the dyes of warp and woof;
  Whate'er of ancient song remains
  Has fresh air flowing in its veins,
  For Greece and eldest Ind knew well
  That out of doors, with world-wide swell
  Arches the student's lawful cell.

  Away, unfruitful lore of books,
  For whose vain idiom we reject
  The spirit's mother-dialect,
  Aliens among the birds and brooks,
  Dull to interpret or believe
  What gospels lost the woods retrieve,
  Or what the eaves-dropping violet
  Reports from God, who walketh yet
  His garden in the hush of eve!
  Away, ye pedants city-bred,
  Unwise of heart, too wise of head,
  Who handcuff Art with _thus and so_,
  And in each other's footprints tread,
  Like those who walk through drifted snow;

  Who, from deep study of brick walls
  Conjecture of the water-falls,
  By six square feet of smoke-stained sky
  Compute those deeps that overlie
  The still tarn's heaven-anointed eye,
  And, in your earthen crucible,
  With chemic tests essay to spell
  How nature works in field and dell!
  Seek we where Shakspeare buried gold?
  Such hands no charmed witch-hazel hold;
  To beach and rock repeats the sea
  The mystic _Open Sesame_;
  Old Greylock's voices not in vain
  Comment on Milton's mountain strain,
  And cunningly the various wind
  Spenser's locked music can unbind.




            A REVERIE.


  In the twilight deep and silent
  Comes thy spirit unto mine,
  When the moonlight and the starlight
  Over cliff and woodland shine,
  And the quiver of the river
  Seems a thrill of joy benign.

  Then I rise and wander slowly
  To the headland by the sea,
  When the evening star throbs setting
  Through the cloudy cedar tree,
  And from under, mellow thunder
  Of the surf comes fitfully.

  Then within my soul I feel thee
  Like a gleam of other years,
  Visions of my childhood murmur
  Their old madness in my ears,
  Till the pleasance of thy presence
  Cools my heart with blissful tears.

  All the wondrous dreams of boyhood--
  All youth's fiery thirst of praise--
  All the surer hopes of manhood
  Blossoming in sadder days--
  Joys that bound me, griefs that crowned me
  With a better wreath than bays--

  All the longings after freedom--
  The vague love of human kind,
  Wandering far and near at random
  Like a winged seed in the wind--
  The dim yearnings and fierce burnings
  Of an undirected mind--

  All of these, oh best belovèd,
  Happiest present dreams and past,
  In thy love find safe fulfilment,
  Ripened into truths at last;
  Faith and beauty, hope and duty
  To one centre gather fast.

  How my nature, like an ocean,
  At the breath of thine awakes,
  Leaps its shores in mad exulting
  And in foamy thunder breaks,
  Then downsinking, lieth shrinking
  At the tumult that it makes!

  Blazing Hesperus hath sunken
  Low within the pale-blue west,
  And with golden splendor crowneth
  The horizon's piny crest;
  Thoughtful quiet stills the riot
  Of wild longing in my breast.

  Home I loiter through the moonlight,
  Underneath the quivering trees,
  Which, as if a spirit stirred them,
  Sway and bend, till by degrees
  The far surge's murmur merges
  In the rustle of the breeze.




          IN SADNESS.


  There is not in this life of ours
    One bliss unmixed with fears,
  The hope that wakes our deepest powers
    A face of sadness wears,
  And the dew that showers our dearest flowers
    Is the bitter dew of tears.

  Fame waiteth long, and lingereth
    Through weary nights and morns--
  And evermore the shadow Death
    With mocking finger scorns
  That underneath the laurel wreath
    Should be a wreath of thorns.

  The laurel leaves are cool and green,
    But the thorns are hot and sharp,
  Lean Hunger grins and stares between
    The poet and his harp;
  Though of Love's sunny sheen his woof have been,
    Grim want thrusts in the warp.

  And if beyond this darksome clime
    Some fair star Hope may see,
  That keeps unjarred the blissful chime
    Of its golden infancy--
  Where the harvest-time of faith sublime
    Not always is to be--

  Yet would the true soul rather choose
    Its home where sorrow is,
  Than in a sated peace to lose
    Its life's supremest bliss--
  The rainbow hues that bend profuse
    O'er cloudy spheres like this--

  The want, the sorrow and the pain,
    That are Love's right to cure--
  The sunshine bursting after rain--
    The gladness insecure
  That makes us fain strong hearts to gain,
    To do and to endure.

  High natures must be thunder-scarred
    With many a searing wrong;
  From mother Sorrow's breasts the bard
    Sucks gifts of deepest song,
  Nor all unmarred with struggles hard
    Wax the Soul's sinews strong.

  Dear Patience, too, is born of woe,
    Patience that opes the gate
  Wherethrough the soul of man must go
    Up to each nobler state,
  Whose voice's flow so meek and low
    Smooths the bent brows of Fate.

  Though Fame be slow, yet Death is swift,
    And, o'er the spirit's eyes,
  Life after life doth change and shift
    With larger destinies:
  As on we drift, some wider rift
    Shows us serener skies.

  And though naught falleth to us here
    But gains the world counts loss,
  Though all we hope of wisdom clear
    When climbed to seems but dross,
  Yet all, though ne'er Christ's faith they wear,
    At least may share his cross.



            FAREWELL.


  Farewell! as the bee round the blossom
  Doth murmur drowsily,
  So murmureth round my bosom
  The memory of thee;
  Lingering, it seems to go,
  When the wind more full doth flow,
  Waving the flower to and fro,
  But still returneth, Marian!

  My hope no longer burneth,
  Which did so fiercely burn,
  My joy to sorrow turneth,
  Although loath, loath to turn--
  I would forget--
  And yet--and yet
  My heart to thee still yearneth, Marian!

  Fair as a single star thou shinest,
  And white as lilies are
  The slender hands wherewith thou twinest
  Thy heavy auburn hair;
  Thou art to me
  A memory
  Of all that is divinest:
  Thou art so fair and tall,
  Thy looks so queenly are,
  Thy very shadow on the wall,
  Thy step upon the stair,
  The thought that thou art nigh,
  The chance look of thine eye
  Are more to me than all, Marian,
  And will be till I die!

  As the last quiver of a bell
  Doth fade into the air,
  With a subsiding swell
  That dies we know not where,
  So my hope melted and was gone:
  I raised mine eyes to bless the star
  That shared its light with me so far
  Below its silver throne,
  And gloom and chilling vacancy
  Were all was left to me,
  In the dark, bleak night I was alone!
  Alone in the blessed Earth, Marian,
  For what were all to me--
  Its love, and light, and mirth, Marian,
  If I were not with thee?

  My heart will not forget thee
  More than the moaning brine
  Forgets the moon when she is set;
  The gush when first I met thee
  That thrilled my brain like wine,
  Doth thrill as madly yet;
  My heart cannot forget thee,
  Though it may droop and pine,
  Too deeply it had set thee
  In every love of mine;
  No new moon ever cometh,
  No flower ever bloometh,
  No twilight ever gloometh
  But I'm more only thine.
  Oh look not on me, Marian,
  Thine eyes are wild and deep,
  And they have won me, Marian,
  From peacefulness and sleep;
  The sunlight doth not sun me,
  The meek moonshine doth shun me,
  All sweetest voices stun me--
  There is no rest
  Within my breast
  And I can only weep, Marian!

  As a landbird far at sea
  Doth wander through the sleet
  And drooping downward wearily
  Finds no rest for her feet,
  So wandereth my memory
  O'er the years when we did meet:
  I used to say that everything
  Partook a share of thee,
  That not a little bird could sing,
  Or green leaf flutter on a tree,
  That nothing could be beautiful
  Save part of thee were there,
  That from thy soul so clear and full
  All bright and blessèd things did cull
  The charm to make them fair;
  And now I know
  That it was so,
  Thy spirit through the earth doth flow
  And face me wheresoe'er I go--
  What right hath perfectness to give
  Such weary weight of woe
  Unto the soul which cannot live
  On anything more low?
  Oh leave me, leave me, Marian,
  There's no fair thing I see
  But doth deceive me, Marian,
  Into sad dreams of thee!

  A cold snake gnaws my heart
  And crushes round my brain,
  And I should glory but to part
  So bitterly again,
  Feeling the slow tears start
  And fall in fiery rain:
  There's a wide ring round the moon,
  The ghost-like clouds glide by,
  And I hear the sad winds croon
  A dirge to the lowering sky;
  There's nothing soft or mild
  In the pale moon's sickly light,
  But all looks strange and wild
  Through the dim, foreboding night:
  I think thou must be dead
  In some dark and lonely place,
  With candles at thy head,
  And a pall above thee spread
  To hide thy dead, cold face;
  But I can see thee underneath
  So pale, and still, and fair,
  Thine eyes closed smoothly and a wreath
  Of flowers in thy hair;
  I never saw thy face so clear
  When thou wast with the living,
  As now beneath the pall, so drear,
  And stiff, and unforgiving;
  I cannot flee thee, Marian,
  I cannot turn away,
  Mine eyes must see thee, Marian,
  Through salt tears night and day.




            A DIRGE.


  Poet! lonely is thy bed,
  And the turf is overhead--
    Cold earth is thy cover;
  But thy heart hath found release,
  And it slumbers full of peace
  'Neath the rustle of green trees
  And the warm hum of the bees,
    Mid the drowsy clover;
  Through thy chamber, still as death,
  A smooth gurgle wandereth,
  As the blue stream murmureth
    To the blue sky over.
  Three paces from the silver strand,
  Gently in the fine, white sand,
  With a lily in thy hand,
    Pale as snow, they laid thee;
  In no coarse earth wast thou hid,
  And no gloomy coffin-lid
    Darkly overweighed thee.
  Silently as snow-flakes drift,
  The smooth sand did sift and sift
    O'er the bed they made thee;
  All sweet birds did come and sing
  At thy sunny burying--
  Choristers unbidden,
  And, beloved of sun and dew,
  Meek forget-me-nots upgrew
  Where thine eyes so large and blue
   'Neath the turf were hidden.

  Where thy stainless clay doth lie,
  Blue and open is the sky,
  And the white clouds wander by,
  Dreams of summer silently
    Darkening the river;
  Thou hearest the clear water run;
  And the ripples every one,
  Scattering the golden sun,
    Through thy silence quiver;
  Vines trail down upon the stream,
  Into its smooth and glassy dream
    A green stillness spreading,
  And the shiner, perch, and bream
  Through the shadowed waters gleam
   'Gainst the current heading.

  White as snow, thy winding sheet
  Shelters thee from head to feet,
    Save thy pale face only;
  Thy face is turned toward the skies,
  The lids lie meekly o'er thine eyes,
  And the low-voiced pine-tree sighs
    O'er thy bed so lonely.
  All thy life thou lov'dst its shade:
  Underneath it thou art laid,
    In an endless shelter;
  Thou hearest it forever sigh
  As the wind's vague longings die
  In its branches dim and high--
  Thou hear'st the waters gliding by
    Slumberously welter.

  Thou wast full of love and truth,
  Of forgiveness and ruth--
  Thy great heart with hope and youth
    Tided to o'erflowing.
  Thou didst dwell in mysteries,
  And there lingered on thine eyes
  Shadows of serener skies,
  Awfully wild memories,
    That were like foreknowing;
  Through the earth thou would'st have gone,
  Lighted from within alone,
  Seeds from flowers in Heaven grown
    With a free hand sowing.

  Thou didst remember well and long
  Some fragments of thine angel-song,
  And strive, through want of woe and wrong,
    To win the world unto it;
  Thy sin it was to see and hear
  Beyond To-day's dim hemisphere--
  Beyond all mists of hope and fear,
  Into a life more true and clear,
    And dearly thou didst rue it;
  Light of the new world thou hadst won,
  O'erflooded by a purer sun--
  Slowly Fate's ship came drifting on,
  And through the dark, save thou, not one
    Caught of the land a token.
  Thou stood'st upon the farthest prow,
  Something within thy soul said "Now!"
  And leaping forth with eager brow,
    Thou fell'st on shore heart-broken.

  Long time thy brethren stood in fear;
  Only the breakers far and near,
  White with their anger, they could hear;
  The sounds of land, which thy quick ear
    Caught long ago, they heard not.
  And, when at last they reached the strand,
  They found thee lying on the sand
  With some wild flowers in thy hand,
    But thy cold bosom stirred not;
  They listened, but they heard no sound
  Save from the glad life all around
    A low, contented murmur.
  The long grass flowed adown the hill,
  A hum rose from a hidden rill,
  But thy glad heart, that knew no ill
  But too much love, lay dead and still--
  The only thing that sent a chill
    Into the heart of summer.

  Thou didst not seek the poet's wreath
    But too soon didst win it;
  Without 'twas green, but underneath
  Were scorn and loneliness and death,
  Gnawing the brain with burning teeth,
    And making mock within it.
  Thou, who wast full of nobleness,
  Whose very life-blood 'twas to bless,
    Whose soul's one law was giving,
  Must bandy words with wickedness,
  Haggle with hunger and distress,
  To win that death which worldliness
    Calls bitterly a living.

  "Thou sow'st no gold, and shalt not reap!"
  Muttered earth, turning in her sleep;
  "Come home to the Eternal Deep!"
  Murmured a voice, and a wide sweep
  Of wings through thy soul's hush did creep,
    As of thy doom o'erflying;
  It seem'd that thy strong heart would leap
  Out of thy breast, and thou didst weep,
    But not with fear of dying;
  Men could not fathom thy deep fears,
  They could not understand thy tears,
  The hoarded agony of years
    Of bitter self-denying.
  So once, when high above the spheres
  Thy spirit sought its starry peers,
  It came not back to face the jeers
    Of brothers who denied it;
  Star-crowned, thou dost possess the deeps
  Of God, and thy white body sleeps
  Where the lone pine forever keeps
    Patient watch beside it.

  Poet! underneath the turf,
    Soft thou sleepest, free from morrow,
  Thou hast struggled through the surf
    Of wild thoughts and want and sorrow.
  Now, beneath the moaning pine,
    Full of rest, thy body lieth,
  While far up is clear sunshine,
  Underneath a sky divine,
    Her loosed wings thy spirit trieth;
  Oft she strove to spread them here,
  But they were too white and clear
  For our dingy atmosphere.

  Thy body findeth ample room
  In its still and grassy tomb
    By the silent river;
  But thy spirit found the earth
  Narrow for the mighty birth
    Which it dreamed of ever;
  Thou wast guilty of a rhyme
  Learned in a benigner clime,
  And of that more grievous crime,
  An ideal too sublime
  For the low-hung sky of Time.

  The calm spot where thy body lies
  Gladdens thy soul in Paradise,
    It is so still and holy;
  Thy body sleeps serenely there,
  And well for it thy soul may care,
  It was so beautiful and fair,
    Lily white so wholly.
  From so pure and sweet a frame
  Thy spirit parted as it came,
    Gentle as a maiden;
  Now it lieth full of rest--
  Sods are lighter on its breast
  Than the great, prophetic guest
    Wherewith it was laden.




       FANCIES ABOUT A ROSEBUD,

  PRESSED IN AN OLD COPY OF SPENSER.


  Who prest you here? The Past can tell,
    When summer skies were bright above,
  And some full heart did leap and swell
    Beneath the white new moon of love.

  Some Poet, haply, when the world
    Showed like a calm sea, grand and blue,
  Ere its cold, inky waves had curled
    O'er the numb heart once warm and true;

  When, with his soul brimful of morn,
    He looked beyond the vale of Time,
  Nor saw therein the dullard scorn
    That made his heavenliness a crime;

  When, musing o'er the Poets olden,
    His soul did like a sun upstart
  To shoot its arrows, clear and golden,
    Through slavery's cold and darksome heart.

  Alas! too soon the veil is lifted
    That hangs between the soul and pain,
  Too soon the morning-red hath drifted
    Into dull cloud, or fallen in rain!

  Or were you prest by one who nurst
    Bleak memories of love gone by,
  Whose heart, like a star fallen, burst
    In dark and erring vacancy?

  To him you still were fresh and green
    As when you grew upon the stalk,
  And many a breezy summer scene
    Came back--and many a moonlit walk;

  And there would be a hum of bees,
    A smell of childhood in the air,
  And old, fresh feelings cooled the breeze
    That, like loved fingers, stirred his hair!

  Then would you suddenly be blasted
    By the keen wind of one dark thought,
  One nameless woe, that had outlasted
    The sudden blow whereby 'twas brought.

  Or were you prest here by two lovers
    Who seemed to read these verses rare,
  But found between the antique covers
    What Spenser could not prison there:

  Songs which his glorious soul had heard,
    But his dull pen could never write,
  Which flew, like some gold-wingèd bird,
    Through the blue heaven out of sight?

  My heart is with them as they sit,
    I see the rosebud in her breast,
  I see her small hand taking it
    From out its odorous, snowy nest;

  I hear him swear that he will keep it,
    In memory of that blessed day,
  To smile on it or over-weep it
    When she and spring are far away.

  Ah me! I needs must droop my head,
    And brush away a happy tear,
  For they are gone, and, dry and dead,
    The rosebud lies before me here.

  Yet is it in no stranger's hand,
    For I will guard it tenderly,
  And it shall be a magic wand
    To bring mine own true love to me.

  My heart runs o'er with sweet surmises,
  The while my fancy weaves her rhyme,
  Kind hopes and musical surprises
  Throng round me from the olden time.

  I do not care to know who prest you:
  Enough for me to feel and know
  That some heart's love and longing blest you,
  Knitting to-day with long-ago.




            NEW YEAR'S EVE, 1844.

                 A FRAGMENT.


  The night is calm and beautiful; the snow
  Sparkles beneath the clear and frosty moon
  And the cold stars, as if it took delight
  In its own silent whiteness; the hushed earth
  Sleeps in the soft arms of the embracing blue,
  Secure as if angelic squadrons yet
  Encamped about her, and each watching star
  Gained double brightness from the flashing arms
  Of wingèd and unsleeping sentinels.
  Upward the calm of infinite silence deepens,
  The sea that flows between high heaven and earth,
  Musing by whose smooth brink we sometimes find
  A stray leaf floated from those happier shores,
  And hope, perchance not vainly, that some flower
  Which we had watered with our holiest tears,
  Pale blooms, and yet our scanty garden's best,
  O'er the same ocean piloted by love,
  May find a haven at the feet of God,
  And be not wholly worthless in his sight.
  O, high dependence on a higher Power,
  Sole stay for all these restless faculties
  That wander, Ishmael-like, the desert bare
  Wherein our human knowledge hath its home,
  Shifting their light-framed tents from day to day,
  With each new-found oasis, wearied soon,
  And only certain of uncertainty!
  O, mighty humbleness that feels with awe,
  Yet with a vast exulting feels, no less,
  That this huge Minster of the Universe,
  Whose smallest oratories are glorious worlds,
  With painted oriels of dawn and sunset;
  Whose carvèd ornaments are systems grand,
  Orion kneeling in his starry niche,
  The Lyre whose strings give music audible
  To holy ears, and countless splendors more,
  Crowned by the blazing Cross high-hung o'er all;
  Whose organ music is the solemn stops
  Of endless Change breathed through by endless Good;
  Whose choristers are all the morning stars;
  Whose altar is the sacred human heart
  Whereon Love's candles burn unquenchably,
  Trimmed day and night by gentle-handed Peace;
  With all its arches and its pinnacles
  That stretch forever and forever up,
  Is founded on the silent heart of God,
  Silent, yet pulsing forth exhaustless life
  Through the least veins of all created things.
  Fit musings these for the departing year;
  And God be thanked for such a crystal night
  As fills the spirit with good store of thoughts,
  That, like a cheering fire of walnut, crackle
  Upon the hearthstone of the heart, and cast
  A mild home-glow o'er all Humanity!
  Yes, though the poisoned shafts of evil doubts
  Assail the skyey panoply of Faith,
  Though the great hopes which we have had for man,
  Foes in disguise, because they based belief
  On man's endeavor, not on God's decree--
  Though these proud-visaged hopes, once turned to fly,
  Hurl backward many a deadly Parthian dart
  That rankles in the soul and makes it sick
  With vain regret, nigh verging on despair--
  Yet, in such calm and earnest hours as this,
  We well can feel how every living heart
  That sleeps to-night in palace or in cot,
  Or unroofed hovel, or which need hath known
  Of other homestead than the arching sky,
  Is circled watchfully with seraph fires;
  How our own erring will it is that hangs
  The flaming sword o'er Eden's unclosed gate,
  Which gives free entrance to the pure in heart,
  And with its guarding walls doth fence the meek.
  Sleep then, O Earth, in thy blue-vaulted cradle,
  Bent over always by thy mother Heaven!
  We all are tall enough to reach God's hand,
  And angels are no taller: looking back
  Upon the smooth wake of a year o'erpast,
  We see the black clouds furling, one by one,
  From the advancing majesty of Truth,
  And something won for Freedom, whose least gain
  Is as a firm and rock-built citadel
  Wherefrom to launch fresh battle on her foes;
  Or, leaning from the time's extremest prow,
  If we gaze forward through the blinding spray,
  And dimly see how much of ill remains,
  How many fetters to be sawn asunder
  By the slow toil of individual zeal,
  Or haply rusted by salt tears in twain,
  We feel, with something of a sadder heart,
  Yet bracing up our bruisèd mail the while,
  And fronting the old foe with fresher spirit,
  How great it is to breathe with human breath,
  To be but poor foot-soldiers in the ranks
  Of our old exiled king, Humanity;
  Encamping after every hard-won field
  Nearer and nearer Heaven's happy plains.

  Many great souls have gone to rest, and sleep
  Under this armor, free and full of peace:
  If these have left the earth, yet Truth remains,
  Endurance, too, the crowning faculty
  Of noble minds, and Love, invincible
  By any weapons; and these hem us round
  With silence such that all the groaning clank
  Of this mad engine men have made of earth
  Dulls not some ears for catching purer tones,
  That wander from the dim surrounding vast,
  Or far more clear melodious prophecies,
  The natural music of the heart of man,
  Which by kind Sorrow's ministry hath learned
  That the true sceptre of all power is love
  And humbleness the palace-gate of truth.
  What man with soul so blind as sees not here
  The first faint tremble of Hope's morning-star,
  Foretelling how the God-forged shafts of dawn,
  Fitted already on their golden string,
  Shall soon leap earthward with exulting flight
  To thrid the dark heart of that evil faith
  Whose trust is in the clumsy arms of Force,
  The ozier hauberk of a ruder age?
  Freedom! thou other name for happy Truth,
  Thou warrior-maid, whose steel-clad feet were never
  Out of the stirrup, nor thy lance uncouched,
  Nor thy fierce eye enticèd from its watch,
  Thou hast learned now, by hero-blood in vain
  Poured to enrich the soil which tyrants reap;
  By wasted lives of prophets, and of those
  Who, by the promise in their souls upheld,
  Into the red arms of a fiery death
  Went blithely as the golden-girdled bee
  Sinks in the sleepy poppy's cup of flame
  By the long woes of nations set at war,
  That so the swollen torrent of their wrath
  May find a vent, else sweeping off like straws
  The thousand cobweb threads, grown cable-huge
  By time's long gathered dust, but cobwebs still,
  Which bind the Many that the Few may gain
  Leisure to wither by the drought of ease
  What heavenly germs in their own souls were sown;--
  By all these searching lessons thou hast learned
  To throw aside thy blood-stained helm and spear
  And with thy bare brow daunt the enemy's front,
  Knowing that God will make the lily stalk,
  In the soft grasp of naked Gentleness,
  Stronger than iron spear to shatter through
  The sevenfold toughness of Wrong's idle shield.




            A MYSTICAL BALLAD.


                   I.

  The sunset scarce had dimmed away
  Into the twilight's doubtful gray;
  One long cloud o'er the horizon lay,
  'Neath which, a streak of bluish white,
  Wavered between the day and night;
  Over the pine trees on the hill
  The trembly evening-star did thrill,
  And the new moon, with slender rim,
  Through the elm arches gleaming dim,
  Filled memory's chalice to the brim.


                  II.

  On such an eve the heart doth grow
  Full of surmise, and scarce can know
  If it be now or long ago,
  Or if indeed it doth exist;--
  A wonderful enchanted mist
  From the new moon doth wander out,
  Wrapping all things in mystic doubt,
  So that this world doth seem untrue,
  And all our fancies to take hue
  From some life ages since gone through.


                 III.

  The maiden sat and heard the flow
  Of the west wind so soft and low
  The leaves scarce quivered to and fro;
  Unbound, her heavy golden hair
  Rippled across her bosom bare,
  Which gleamed with thrilling snowy white
  Far through the magical moonlight:
  The breeze rose with a rustling swell,
  And from afar there came the smell
  Of a long-forgotten lily-bell.


                  IV.

  The dim moon rested on the hill,
  But silent, without thought or will,
  Where sat the dreamy maiden still;
  And now the moon's tip, like a star,
  Drew down below the horizon's bar;
  To her black noon the night hath grown,
  Yet still the maiden sits alone,
  Pale as a corpse beneath a stream
  And her white bosom still doth gleam
  Through the deep midnight like a dream.


                   V.

  Cloudless the morning came and fair,
  And lavishly the sun doth share
  His gold among her golden hair,
  Kindling it all, till slowly so
  A glory round her head doth glow;
  A withered flower is in her hand,
  That grew in some far distant land,
  And, silently transfigurèd,
  With wide calm eyes, and undrooped head,
  They found the stranger-maiden dead.


                  VI.

  A youth, that morn, 'neath other skies,
  Felt sudden tears burn in his eyes,
  And his heart throng with memories;
  All things without him seemed to win
  Strange brotherhood with things within,
  And he forever felt that he
  Walked in the midst of mystery,
  And thenceforth, why, he could not tell,
  His heart would curdle at the smell
  Of his once-cherished lily-bell.


                 VII.

  Something from him had passed away;
  Some shifting trembles of clear day,
  Through starry crannies in his clay,
  Grew bright and steadfast, more and more,
  Where all had been dull earth before;
  And, through these chinks, like him of old,
  His spirit converse high did hold
  With clearer loves and wider powers,
  That brought him dewy fruits and flowers
  From far Elysian groves and bowers.


                VIII.

  Just on the farther bound of sense,
  Unproved by outward evidence,
  But known by a deep influence
  Which through our grosser clay doth shine
  With light unwaning and divine,
  Beyond where highest thought can fly
  Stretcheth the world of Mystery--
  And they not greatly overween
  Who deem that nothing true hath been
  Save the unspeakable Unseen.


                  IX.

  One step beyond life's work-day things,
  One more beat of the soul's broad wings,
  One deeper sorrow sometimes brings
  The spirit into that great Vast
  Where neither future is nor past;
  None knoweth how he entered there,
  But, waking, finds his spirit where
  He thought an angel could not soar,
  And, what he called false dreams before,
  The very air about his door.


                   X.

  These outward seemings are but shows
  Whereby the body sees and knows;
  Far down beneath, forever flows
  A stream of subtlest sympathies
  That make our spirits strangely wise
  In awe, and fearful bodings dim
  Which, from the sense's outer rim,
  Stretch forth beyond our thought and sight,
  Fine arteries of circling light,
  Pulsed outward from the Infinite.




            OPENING POEM TO
             A YEAR'S LIFE.


  Hope first the youthful Poet leads,
  And he is glad to follow her;
  Kind is she, and to all his needs
  With a free hand doth minister.

  But, when sweet Hope at last hath fled,
  Cometh her sister, Memory;
  She wreathes Hope's garlands round her head,
  And strives to seem as fair as she.

  Then Hope comes back, and by the hand
  She leads a child most fair to see,
  Who with a joyous face doth stand
  Uniting Hope and Memory.

  So brighter grew the Earth around,
  And bluer grew the sky above;
  The Poet now his guide hath found,
  And follows in the steps of Love.




               DEDICATION
       TO VOLUME OF POEMS ENTITLED
             A YEAR'S LIFE.


  The gentle Una I have loved,
  The snowy maiden, pure and mild,
  Since ever by her side I roved,
  Through ventures strange, a wondering child,
  In fantasy a Red Cross Knight,
  Burning for her dear sake to fight.

  If there be one who can, like her,
  Make sunshine in life's shady places,
  One in whose holy bosom stir
  As many gentle household graces--
  And such I think there needs must be--
  Will she accept this book from me?




       THE SERENADE.


    Gentle, Lady, be thy sleeping,
  Peaceful may thy dreamings be,
  While around thy soul is sweeping,
  Dreamy-winged, our melody;
  Chant we, Brothers, sad and slow,
  Let our song be soft and low
  As the voice of other years,
  Let our hearts within us melt,
  To gentleness, as if we felt
  The dropping of our mother's tears.

    Lady! now our song is bringing
  Back again thy childhood's hours--
  Hearest thou the humbee singing
  Drowsily among the flowers?
  Sleepily, sleepily
  In the noontide swayeth he,
  Half rested on the slender stalks
  That edge those well-known garden walks;
  Hearest thou the fitful whirring
  Of the humbird's viewless wings--
  Feel'st not round thy heart the stirring
  Of childhood's half-forgotten things?

    Seest thou the dear old dwelling
  With the woodbine round the door?
  Brothers, soft! her breast is swelling
  With the busy thoughts of yore;
  Lowly sing ye, sing ye mildly,
  House her spirit not so wildly,
  Lest she sleep not any more.
  'Tis the pleasant summertide,
  Open stands the window wide--
  Whose voices, Lady, art thou drinking?
  Who sings the best belovèd tune
  In a clear note, rising, sinking,
  Like a thrush's song in June?
  Whose laugh is that which rings so clear
  And joyous in thine eager ear?

    Lower, Brothers, yet more low
  Weave the song in mazy twines;
  She heareth now the west wind blow
  At evening through the clump of pines;
  O! mournful is their tune,
  As of a crazèd thing
  Who, to herself alone,
  Is ever murmuring,
  Through the night and through the day,
  For something that hath passed away.
  Often, Lady, hast thou listened,
  Often have thy blue eyes glistened,
  Where the summer evening breeze
  Moaned sadly through those lonely trees,
  Or with the fierce wind from the north
  Wrung their mournful music forth.
  Ever the river floweth
  In an unbroken stream,
  Ever the west wind bloweth,
  Murmuring as he goeth,
  And mingling with her dream;
  Onward still the river sweepeth
  With a sound of long-agone;
  Lowly, Brothers, lo! she weepeth,
  She is now no more alone;
  Long-loved forms and long-loved faces
  Round about her pillow throng,
  Through her memory's desert places
  Flow the waters of our song.
  Lady! if thy life be holy
  As when thou wert yet a child,
  Though our song be melancholy,
  It will stir no anguish wild;
  For the soul that hath lived well,
  For the soul that child-like is,
  There is quiet in the spell
  That brings back early memories.




                 SONG.


                   I.

  Lift up the curtains of thine eyes
    And let their light outshine!
  Let me adore the mysteries
    Of those mild orbs of thine,
  Which ever queenly calm do roll,
  Attunèd to an ordered soul!


                  II.

  Open thy lips yet once again
    And, while my soul doth hush
  With awe, pour forth that holy strain
    Which seemeth me to gush,
  A fount of music, running o'er
  From thy deep spirit's inmost core!


                 III.

  The melody that dwells in thee
    Begets in me as well
  A spiritual harmony,
    A mild and blessèd spell;
  Far, far above earth's atmosphere
  I rise, whene'er thy voice I hear.




            THE DEPARTED.


    Not they alone are the departed,
  Who have laid them down to sleep
  In the grave narrow and lonely,
  Not for them only do I vigils keep,
  Not for them only am I heavy-hearted,
  Not for them only!

    Many, many, there are many
  Who no more are with me here,
  As cherished, as beloved as any
  Whom I have seen upon the bier.
  I weep to think of those old faces,
  To see them in their grief or mirth;
  I weep--for there are empty places
  Around my heart's once crowded hearth;
  The cold ground doth not cover them,
  The grass hath not grown over them,
  Yet are they gone from me on earth;--
  O! how more bitter is this weeping,
  Than for those lost ones who are sleeping
  Where sun will shine and flowers blow,
  Where gentle winds will whisper low,
  And the stars have them in their keeping!
  Wherefore from me who loved you so,
  O! wherefore did ye go?
  I have shed full many a tear,
  I have wrestled oft in prayer--
  But ye do not come again;
  How could anything so dear,
  How could anything so fair,
  Vanish like the summer rain?
  No, no, it cannot be,
  But ye are still with me!

    And yet, O! where art thou,
  Childhood, with sunny brow
  And floating hair?
  Where art thou hiding now?
  I have sought thee everywhere,
  All among the shrubs and flowers
  Of those garden-walks of ours--
  Thou art not there!
  When the shadow of Night's wings
  Hath darkened all the Earth,
  I listen for thy gambolings
  Beside the cheerful hearth--
  Thou art not there!
  I listen to the far-off bell,
  I murmur o'er the little songs
  Which thou didst love so well,
  Pleasant memories come in throngs
  And mine eyes are blurred with tears,
  But no glimpse of thee appears:
  Lonely am I in the Winter, lonely in the Spring,
  Summer and Harvest bring no trace of thee--
  Oh! whither, whither art thou wandering,
  Thou who didst once so cleave to me?

    And Love is gone;--
  I have seen him come,
  I have seen him, too, depart,
  Leaving desolate his home,
  His bright home in my heart.
  I am alone!
  Cold, cold is his hearth-stone,
  Wide open stands the door;
  The frolic and the gentle one
  Shall I see no more, no more?
  At the fount the bowl is broken,
  I shall drink it not again,
  All my longing prayers are spoken,
  And felt, ah, woe is me, in vain!
  Oh, childish hopes and childish fancies,
  Whither have ye fled away?
  I long for you in mournful trances,
  I long for you by night and day;
  Beautiful thoughts that once were mine,
  Might I but win you back once more,
  Might ye about my being twine
  And cluster as ye did of yore!
  O! do not let me pray in vain--
  How good and happy I should be,
  How free from every shade of pain,
  If ye would come again to me!
  O, come again! come, come again!
  Hath the sun forgot its brightness,
  Have the stars forgot to shine,
  That they bring not their wonted lightness
  To this weary heart of mine?
  'Tis not the sun that shone on thee,
  Happy childhood, long ago--
  Not the same stars silently
  Looking on the same bright snow--
  Not the same that Love and I
  Together watched in days gone by!
  No, not the same, alas for me!

    Would God that those who early went
  To the house dark and low,
  For whom our mourning heads were bent,
  For whom our steps were slow;
  O, would that these alone had left us,
  That Fate of these alone had reft us,
  Would God indeed that it were so!
  Many leaves too soon must wither,
  Many flowers too soon must die,
  Many bright ones wandering hither,
  We know not whence, we know not why,
  Like the leaves and like the flowers,
  Vanish, ere the summer hours,
  That brought them to us, have gone by.

    O for the hopes and for the feelings,
  Childhood, that I shared with thee--
  The high resolves, the bright revealings
  Of the soul's might, which thou gav'st me,
  Gentle Love, woe worth the day,
  Woe worth the hour when thou wert born,
  Woe worth the day thou fled'st away--
  A shade across the wind-waved corn--
  A dewdrop falling from the leaves
  Chance-shaken in a summer's morn!
  Woe, woe is me! my sick heart grieves,
  Companionless and anguish-worn!
  I know it well, our manly years
  Must be baptized in bitter tears;
  Full many fountains must run dry
  That youth has dreamed for long hours by,
  Choked by convention's siroc blast
  Or drifting sands of many cares;
  Slowly they leave us all at last,
  And cease their flowing unawares.




            THE BOBOLINK.


    Anacreon of the meadow,
  Drunk with the joy of spring!
  Beneath the tall pine's voiceful shadow
  I lie and drink thy jargoning;
  My soul is full with melodies,
  One drop would overflow it,
  And send the tears into mine eyes--
  But what car'st thou to know it?
  Thy heart is free as mountain air,
  And of thy lays thou hast no care,
  Scattering them gayly everywhere,
  Happy, unconscious poet!

    Upon a tuft of meadow grass,
  While thy loved-one tends the nest,
  Thou swayest as the breezes pass,
  Unburthening thine o'erfull breast
  Of the crowded songs that fill it,
  Just as joy may choose to will it.
  Lord of thy love and liberty,
  The blithest bird of merry May,
  Thou turnest thy bright eyes on me,
  That say as plain as eye can say--
  "Here sit we, here in the summer weather,
  I and my modest mate together;
  Whatever your wise thoughts may be,
  Under that gloomy old pine tree,
  We do not value them a feather."

    Now, leaving earth and me behind,
  Thou beatest up against the wind,
  Or, floating slowly down before it,
  Above thy grass-hid nest thou flutterest
  And thy bridal love-song utterest,
  Raining showers of music o'er it,
  Weary never, still thou trillest,
  Spring-gladsome lays,
  As of moss-rimmed water-brooks
  Murmuring through pebbly nooks
  In quiet summer days.
  My heart with happiness thou fillest,
  I seem again to be a boy
  Watching thee, gay, blithesome lover,
  O'er the bending grass-tops hover,
  Quivering thy wings for joy.
  There's something in the apple-blossom,
  The greening grass and bobolink's song,
  That wakes again within my bosom
  Feelings which have slumbered long.
  As long, long years ago I wandered,
  I seem to wander even yet,
  The hours the idle school-boy squandered,
  The man would die ere he'd forget.
  O hours that frosty eld deemed wasted,
  Nodding his gray head toward my books,
  I dearer prize the lore I tasted
  With you, among the trees and brooks,
  Than all that I have gained since then
  From learnèd books or study-withered men!
  Nature, thy soul was one with mine,
  And, as a sister by a younger brother
  Is loved, each flowing to the other,
  Such love for me was thine.
  Or wert thou not more like a loving mother
  With sympathy and loving power to heal,
  Against whose heart my throbbing heart I'd lay
  And moan my childish sorrows all away,
  Till calm and holiness would o'er me steal?
  Was not the golden sunset a dear friend?
  Found I no kindness in the silent moon,
  And the green trees, whose tops did sway and bend,
  Low singing evermore their pleasant tune?
  Felt I no heart in dim and solemn woods--
  No loved-one's voice in lonely solitudes?
  Yes, yes! unhoodwinked then my spirit's eyes,
  Blind leaders had not _taught me_ to be wise.

    Dear hours! which now again I over-live,
  Hearing and seeing with the ears and eyes
  Of childhood, ye were bees, that to the hive
  Of my young heart came laden with rich prize,
  Gathered in fields and woods and sunny dells, to be
  My spirit's food in days more wintery.
  Yea, yet again ye come! ye come!
  And, like a child once more at home
  After long sojourning in alien climes,
  I lie upon my mother's breast,
  Feeling the blessedness of rest,
  And dwelling in the light of other times.

    O ye whose living is not _Life_,
  Whose dying is but death,
  Song, empty toil and petty strife,
  Rounded with loss of breath!
  Go, look on Nature's countenance,
  Drink in the blessing of her glance;
  Look on the sunset, hear the wind,
  The cataract, the awful thunder;
  Go, worship by the sea;
  Then, and then only, shall ye find,
  With ever-growing wonder,
  Man is not all in all to ye;
  Go with a meek and humble soul,
  Then shall the scales of self unroll
  From off your eyes--the weary packs
  Drop from your heavy-laden backs;
  And ye shall see,
  With reverent and hopeful eyes,
  Glowing with new-born energies,
  How great a thing it is to |be|!




            FORGETFULNESS.


  There's a haven of sure rest
    From the loud world's bewildering stress
  As a bird dreaming on her nest,
  As dew hid in a rose's breast,
  As Hesper in the glowing West;
      So the heart sleeps
      In thy calm deeps,
    Serene Forgetfulness!

  No sorrow in that place may be,
    The noise of life grows less and less:
  As moss far down within the sea,
  As, in white lily caves, a bee,
  As life in a hazy reverie;
      So the heart's wave
      In thy dim cave,
    Hushes, Forgetfulness!

  Duty and care fade far away
    What toil may be we cannot guess:
  As a ship anchored in the bay,
  As a cloud at summer-noon astray,
  As water-blooms in a breezeless day;
      So,'neath thine eyes,
      The full heart lies,
    And dreams, Forgetfulness!




                 SONG.


                   I.

  What reck I of the stars, when I
    May gaze into thine eyes,
  O'er which the brown hair flowingly
    Is parted maidenwise
  From thy pale forehead, calm and bright,
  Over thy cheeks so rosy white?


                  II.

  What care I for the red moon-rise?
    Far liefer would I sit
  And watch the joy within thine eyes
    Gush up at sight of it;
  Thyself my queenly moon shall be,
  Ruling my heart's deep tides for me!


                 III.

  What heed I if the sky be blue?
    So are thy holy eyes,
  And bright with shadows ever new
    Of changeful sympathies,
  Which in thy soul's unruffled deep
  Rest evermore, but never sleep.




              THE POET.


  He who hath felt Life's mystery
    Press on him like thick night,
  Whose soul hath known no history
    But struggling after light;--
  He who hath seen dim shapes arise
    In the soundless depths of soul,
  Which gaze on him with meaning eyes
    Full of the mighty whole,
  Yet will no word of healing speak,
    Although he pray night-long,
  "O, help me, save me! I am weak,
    And ye are wondrous strong!"--
  Who, in the midnight dark and deep,
    Hath felt a voice of might
  Come echoing through the halls of sleep
    From the lone heart of Night,
  And, starting from his restless bed,
    Hath watched and wept to know
  What meant that oracle of dread
    That stirred his being so;
  He who hath felt how strong and great
    This Godlike soul of man,
  And looked full in the eyes of Fate,
    Since Life and Thought began;
  The armor of whose moveless trust
    Knoweth no spot of weakness,
  Who hath trod fear into the dust
    Beneath the feet of meekness;--
  He who hath calmly borne his cross,
    Knowing himself the king
  Of time, nor counted it a loss
    To learn by suffering;--
  And who hath worshipped woman still
    With a pure soul and lowly,
  Nor ever hath in deed or will
    Profaned her temple holy--
  He is the Poet, him unto
    The gift of song is given,
  Whose life is lofty, strong, and true,
  He is the Poet, from his lips
    To live forevermore,
  Majestical as full-sailed ships,
    The words of Wisdom pour.




                 FLOWERS.


   "Hail be thou, holie hearbe,
      Growing on the ground,
    All in the mount Calvary
      First wert thou found;
    Thou art good for manie a sore,
      Thou healest manie a wound,
    In the name of sweete Jesus
      I take thee from the ground."
                   --_Ancient Charm-verse._


                   I.

    When, from a pleasant ramble, home
  Fresh-stored with quiet thoughts, I come,
  I pluck some wayside flower
  And press it in the choicest nook
  Of a much-loved and oft-read book;
  And, when upon its leaves I look
  In a less happy hour,
  Dear memory bears me far away
  Unto her fairy bower,
  And on her breast my head I lay,
  While, in a motherly, sweet strain,
  She sings me gently back again
  To by-gone feelings, until they
  Seem children born of yesterday.


                  II.

    Yes, many a story of past hours
  I read in these dear withered flowers,
  And once again I seem to be
  Lying beneath the old oak tree,
  And looking up into the sky,
  Through thick leaves rifted fitfully,
  Lulled by the rustling of the vine,
  Or the faint low of far-off kine;
  And once again I seem
  To watch the whirling bubbles flee,
  Through shade and gleam alternately,
  Down the vine-bowered stream;
  Or 'neath the odorous linden trees,
  When summer twilight lingers long,
  To hear the flowing of the breeze
  And unseen insects' slumberous song,
  That mingle into one and seem
  Like dim murmurs of a dream;
  Fair faces, too, I seem to see,
  Smiling from pleasant eyes at me,
  And voices sweet I hear,
  That, like remembered melody,
  Flow through my spirit's ear.


                 III.

    A poem every flower is,
  And every leaf a line,
  And with delicious memories
  They fill this heart of mine:
  No living blossoms are so clear
  As these dead relics treasured here;
  One tells of Love, of friendship one,
  Love's quiet after-sunset time,
  When the all-dazzling light is gone,
  And, with the soul's low vesper-chime,
  O'er half its heaven doth out-flow
  A holy calm and steady glow.
  Some are gay feast-songs, some are dirges,
  In some a joy with sorrow merges;
  One sings the shadowed woods, and one the roar
  Of ocean's everlasting surges,
  Tumbling upon the beach's hard-beat floor,
  Or sliding backward from the shore
  To meet the landward waves and slowly plunge once more.
  O flowers of grace, I bless ye all
  By the dear faces ye recall!


                  IV.

    Upon the banks of Life's deep streams
  Full many a flower groweth,
  Which with a wondrous fragrance teems,
  And in the silent water gleams,
  And trembles as the water floweth,
  Many a one the wave upteareth,
  Washing ever the roots away,
  And far upon its bosom beareth,
  To bloom no more in Youth's glad May;
  As farther on the river runs,
  Flowing more deep and strong,
  Only a few pale, scattered ones
  Are seen the dreary banks along;
  And where those flowers do not grow,
  The river floweth dark and chill,
  Its voice is sad, and with its flow
  Mingles ever a sense of ill;
  Then, Poet, thou who gather dost
  Of Life's best flowers the brightest,
  O, take good heed they be not lost
  While with the angry flood thou fightest!


                   V.

    In the cool grottos of the soul,
  Whence flows thought's crystal river,
  Whence songs of joy forever roll
  To Him who is the Giver--
  There store thou them, where fresh and green
  Their leaves and blossoms may be seen,
  A spring of joy that faileth never;
  There store thou them, and they shall be
  A blessing and a peace to thee,
  And in their youth and purity
  Thou shalt be young forever!
  Then, with their fragrance rich and rare,
  Thy living shall be rife,
  Strength shall be thine thy cross to bear,
  And they shall be a chaplet fair,
  Breathing a pure and holy air,
  To crown thy holy life.


                  VI.

    O Poet! above all men blest,
  Take heed that thus thou store them;
  Love, Hope, and Faith shall ever rest,
  Sweet birds (upon how sweet a nest!)
  Watchfully brooding o'er them.
  And from those flowers of Paradise
  Scatter thou many a blessèd seed,
  Wherefrom an offspring may arise
  To cheer the hearts and light the eyes
  Of after-voyagers in their need.
  They shall not fall on stony ground,
  But, yielding all their hundred-fold,
  Shall shed a peacefulness around,
  Whose strengthening joy may not be told,
  So shall thy name be blest of all,
  And thy remembrance never die;
  For of that seed shall surely fall
  In the fair garden of Eternity.
  Exult then in the nobleness
  Of this thy work so holy,
  Yet be not thou one jot the less
  Humble and meek and lowly,
  But let thine exultation be
  The reverence of a bended knee;
  And by thy life a poem write,
  Built strongly day by day--
  And on the rock of Truth and Right
  Its deep foundations lay.


                 VII.

    It is thy |DUTY|! Guard it well!
  For unto thee hath much been given,
  And thou canst make this life a Hell,
  Or Jacob's-ladder up to Heaven.
  Let not thy baptism in Life's wave
  Make thee like him whom Homer sings--
  A sleeper in a living grave,
  Callous and hard to outward things;
  But open all thy soul and sense
  To every blessèd influence
  That from the heart of Nature springs:
  Then shall thy Life-flowers be to thee,
  When thy best years are told,
  As much as these have been to me--
  Yea, more, a thousand-fold!




            THE LOVER.


                   I.

    Go from the world from East to West,
  Search every land beneath the sky,
  You cannot find a man so blest,
  A king so powerful as I,
  Though you should seek eternally.


                  II.

    For I a gentle lover be,
  Sitting at my loved-one's side;
  She giveth her whole soul to me
  Without a wish or thought of pride,
  And she shall be my cherished bride.


                 III.

    No show of gaudiness hath she,
  She doth not flash with jewels rare;
  In beautiful simplicity
  She weareth leafy garlands fair,
  Or modest flowers in her hair.


                  IV.

    Sometimes she dons a robe of green,
  Sometimes a robe of snowy white,
  But, in whatever garb she's seen,
  It seems most beautiful and right,
  And is the loveliest to my sight.


                   V.

    Not I her lover am alone,
  Yet unto all she doth suffice,
  None jealous is, and every one
  Reads love and truth within her eyes,
  And deemeth her his own dear prize.


                  VI.

    And so thou art, Eternal Nature!
  Yes, bride of Heaven, so thou art;
  Thou, wholly lovest every creature,
  Giving to each no stinted part,
  But filling every peaceful heart.




                 TO E. W. G.


  "Dear Child! dear happy Girl! if thou appear
  Heedless--untouched with awe or serious thought,
  Thy nature is not therefore less divine:
  Thou liest in Abraham's bosom all the year;
  And worship'st at the Temple's inner shrine,
  God being with thee when we know it not."
                              --_Wordsworth._


    As through a strip of sunny light
  A white dove flashes swiftly on,
  So suddenly before my sight
  Thou gleamed'st a moment and wert gone;
  And yet I long shall bear in mind
  The pleasant thoughts thou left'st behind.

    Thou mad'st me happy with thine eyes,
  And happy with thine open smile,
  And, as I write, sweet memories
  Come thronging round me all the while;
  Thou mad'st me happy with thine eyes--
  And gentle feelings long forgot
  Looked up and oped their eyes,
  Like violets when they see a spot
  Of summer in the skies.

    Around thy playful lips did glitter
  Heat-lightnings of a girlish scorn;
  Harmless they were, for nothing bitter
  In thy dear heart was ever born--
  That merry heart that could not lie
  Within its warm nest quietly,
  But ever from each full, dark eye
  Was looking kindly night and morn.

    There was an archness in thine eyes,
  Born of the gentlest mockeries,
  And thy light laughter rang as clear
  As water-drops I loved to hear
  In days of boyhood, as they fell
  Tinkling far down the dim, still well;
  And with its sound come back once more
  The feelings of my early years,
  And half aloud I murmured o'er--
  "Sure I have heard that sound before,
  It is so pleasant in mine ears."

    Whenever thou didst look on me
  I thought of merry birds,
  And something of spring's melody
  Came to me in thy words;
  Thy thoughts did dance and bound along
  Like happy children in their play,
  Whose hearts run over into song
  For gladness of the summer's day;
  And mine grew dizzy with the sight,
  Still feeling lighter and more light,
  Till, joining hands, they whirled away,
  As blithe and merrily as they.

    I bound a larch-twig round with flowers,
  Which thou didst twine among thy hair,
  And gladsome were the few, short hours
  When I was with thee there;
  So now that thou art far away,
  Safe-nestled in thy warmer clime,
  In memory of a happier day
  I twine this simple wreath of rhyme.

    Dost mind how she, whom thou dost love
  More than in light words may be said,
  A coronal of amaranth wove
  About thy duly-sobered head,
  Which kept itself a moment still
  That she might have her gentle will?
  Thy childlike grace and purity
  O keep forevermore,
  And as thou art, still strive to be,
  That on the farther shore
  Of Time's dark waters ye may meet,
  And she may twine around thy brow
  A wreath of those bright flowers that grow
  Where blessèd angels set their feet!




              ISABEL.


    As the leaf upon the tree,
  Fluttering, gleaming constantly,
  Such a lightsome thing was she,
  My gay and gentle Isabel!
  Her heart was fed with love-springs sweet,
  And in her face you'd see it beat
  To hear the sound of welcome feet--
  And were not mine so, Isabel?

    She knew it not, but she was fair,
  And like a moonbeam was her hair,
  That falls where flowing ripples are
  In summer evenings, Isabel!
  Her heart and tongue were scarce apart,
  Unwittingly her lips would part,
  And love came gushing from her heart,
  The woman's heart of Isabel.

    So pure her flesh-garb, and like dew,
  That in her features glimmered through
  Each working of her spirit true,
  In wondrous beauty, Isabel!
  A sunbeam struggling through thick leaves,
  A reaper's song mid yellow sheaves,
  Less gladsome were;--my spirit grieves
  To think of thee, mild Isabel!

    I know not when I loved thee first;
  Not loving, I had been accurst,
  Yet, having loved, my heart will burst,
  Longing for thee, dear Isabel!
  With silent tears my cheeks are wet,
  I would be calm, I would forget,
  But thy blue eyes gaze on me yet,
  When stars have risen, Isabel.

    The winds mourn for thee, Isabel,
  The flowers expect thee in the dell,
  Thy gentle spirit loved them well;
  And I for thy sake, Isabel!
  The sunsets seem less lovely now
  Than when, leaf checkered, on thy brow
  They fell as lovingly as thou
  Lingered'st till moon-rise, Isabel!

    At dead of night I seem to see
  Thy fair, pale features constantly
  Upturned in silent prayer for me,
  O'er moveless clasped hands, Isabel!
  I call thee, thou dost not reply;
  The stars gleam coldly on thine eye,
  As like a dream thou flittest by,
  And leav'st me weeping, Isabel!




                 MUSIC.


                   I.

  I seem to lie with drooping eyes,
    Dreaming sweet dreams,
  Half longings and half memories,
    In woods where streams
  With trembling shades and whirling gleams,
    Many and bright,
    In song and light,
    Are ever, ever flowing;
  While the wind, if we list to the rustling grass,
  Which numbers his footsteps as they pass,
    Seems scarcely to be blowing;
  And the far-heard voice of Spring,
  From sunny slopes comes wandering,
  Calling the violets from the sleep,
  That bound them under snow-drifts deep,
  To open their childlike, asking eyes
  On the new summer's paradise,
  And mingled with the gurgling waters--
  As the dreamy witchery
  Of Acheloüs' silver-voiced daughters
    Rose and fell with the heaving sea,
    Whose great heart swelled with ecstasy--
  The song of many a floating bird,
    Winding through the rifted trees,
  Is dreamily half-heard--
  A sister stream of melodies
  Rippled by the flutterings
  Of rapture-quivered wings.


                  II.

  And now beside a cataract
  I lie, and through my soul,
  From over me and under,
  The never-ceasing thunder
  Arousingly doth roll;
  Through the darkness all compact,
  Through the trackless sea of gloom,
  Sad and deep I hear it boom;
  At intervals the cloud is cracked
  And a livid flash doth hiss
    Downward from its floating home,
  Lighting up the precipice
    And the never-resting foam
  With a dim and ghastly glare,
  Which, for a heart-beat, in the air,
    Shows the sweeping shrouds
    Of the midnight clouds
  And their wildly-scattered hair.


                 III.

  Now listening to a woman's tone,
  In a wood I sit alone--
  Alone because our souls are one;--
  All around my heart it flows,
  Lulling me in deep repose;
  I fear to speak, I fear to move,
  Lest I should break the spell I love--
  Low and gentle, calm and clear,
  Into my inmost soul it goes,
    As if my brother dear,
    Who is no longer here,
    Had bended from the sky
    And murmured in my ear
  A strain of that high harmony,
    Which they may sing alone
    Who worship round the throne.


                  IV.

  Now in a fairy boat,
    On the bright waves of song,
    Full merrily I float,
    Merrily float along;
    My helm is veered, I care not how,
    My white sail bellies over me,
  And bright as gold the ripples be
  That plash beneath the bow;
    Before, behind,
    They feel the wind,
    And they are dancing joyously--
  While, faintly heard, along the far-off shore
  The surf goes plunging with a lingering roar;
    Or anchored in a shadowy cove,
      Entranced with harmonies,
      Slowly I sink and rise
    As the slow waves of music move.


                   V.

  Now softly dashing,
  Bubbling, plashing,
  Mazy, dreamy,
  Faint and streamy,
  Ripples into ripples melt,
  Not so strongly heard as felt;
  Now rapid and quick,
  While the heart beats thick,
  The music silver wavelets crowd,
  Distinct and clear, but never loud
  And now all solemnly and slow,
  In mild, deep tones they warble low,
  Like the glad song of angels, when
  They sang good will and peace to men;
  Now faintly heard and far,
    As if the spirit's ears
  Had caught the anthem of a star
    Chanting with his brother-spheres
  In the midnight dark and deep,
  When the body is asleep
  And wondrous shadows pour in streams
  From the twofold gate of dreams;
  Now onward roll the billows, swelling
  With a tempest-sound of might,
  As of voices doom foretelling
    To the silent ear of Night;
  And now a mingled ecstasy
    Of all sweet sounds it is;--
  O! who may tell the agony
    Of rapture such as this?


                  VI.

  I have drunk of the drink of immortals,
    I have drunk of the life-giving wine,
  And now I may pass the bright portals
    That open into a realm divine!
  I have drunk it through mine ears
    In the ecstasy of song,
  When mine eyes would fill with tears
    That its life were not more long;
  I have drunk it through mine eyes
    In beauty's every shape,
  And now around my soul it lies,
    No juice of earthly grape!
  Wings! wings are given to me,
    I can flutter, I can rise,
  Like a new life gushing through me
    Sweep the heavenly harmonies!




                   SONG.


  O! I must look on that sweet face once more before I die;
  God grant that it may lighten up with joy when I draw nigh;
  God grant that she may look on me as kindly as she seems
  In the long night, the restless night, i' the sunny land of dreams!

  I hoped, I thought, she loved me once, and yet, I know not why,
  There is a coldness in her speech, and a coldness in her eye.
  Something that in another's look would not seem cold to me,
  And yet like ice I feel it chill the heart of memory.

  She does not come to greet me so frankly as she did,
  And in her utmost openness I feel there's something hid;
  She almost seems to shun me, as if she thought that I
  Might win her gentle heart again to feelings long gone by.

  I sought the first spring-buds for her, the fairest and the best,
  And she wore them for their loveliness upon her spotless breast,
  The blood-root and the violet, the frail anemone,
  She wore them, and alas! I deemed it was for love of me!

  As flowers in a darksome place stretch forward to the light,
  So to the memory of her I turn by day and night;
  As flowers in a darksome place grow thin and pale and wan,
  So is it with my darkened heart, now that her light is gone.

  The thousand little things that love doth treasure up for aye,
  And brood upon with moistened eyes when she that's loved's away,
  The word, the look, the smile, the blush, the ribbon that she wore,
  Each day they grow more dear to me, and pain me more and more.

  My face I cover with my hands, and bitterly I weep,
  That the quick-gathering sands of life should choke a love so deep,
  And that the stream, so pure and bright, must turn it from its track,
  Or to the heart-springs, whence it rose, roll its full waters back!

  As calm as doth the lily float close by the lakelet's brim,
  So calm and spotless, down time's stream, her peaceful days did swim,
  And I had longed, and dreamed, and prayed, that closely by her side,
  Down to a haven still and sure, my happy life might glide.

  But now, alas! those golden days of youth and hope are o'er,
  And I must dream those dreams of joy, those guiltless dreams no more;
  Yet there is something in my heart that whispers ceaselessly,
  "Would God that I might see that face once more before I die!"




                 IANTHE.


                   I.

        There is a light within her eyes,
      Like gleams of wandering fire-flies;
      From light to shade it leaps and moves
      Whenever in her soul arise
      The holy shapes of things she loves;
      Fitful it shines and changes ever,
      Like star-lit ripples on a river,
      Or summer sunshine on the eaves
      Of silver-trembling poplar leaves,
      Where the lingering dew-drops quiver.
      I may not tell the blessedness
      Her mild eyes send to mine,
      The sunset-tinted haziness
      Of their mysterious shine,
      The dim and holy mournfulness
      Of their mellow light divine;
      The shadow of the lashes lie
      Over them so lovingly,
      That they seem to melt away
      In a doubtful twilight-gray,
      While I watch the stars arise
      In the evening of her eyes,
      I love it, yet I almost dread
      To think what it foreshadoweth;
      And, when I muse how I have read
      That such strange light betokened death--
      Instead of fire-fly gleams, I see
      Wild corpse-lights gliding waveringly.


                  II.

        With wayward thoughts her eyes are bright,
      Like shiftings of the northern-light,
      Hither, thither, swiftly glance they,
      In a mazy twining dance they,
      Like ripply lights the sunshine weaves,
      Thrown backward from a shaken nook,
      Below some tumbling water-brook,
      On the o'erarching platan-leaves,
      All through her glowing face they flit,
      And rest in their deep dwelling-place,
      Those fathomless blue eyes of hers,
      Till, from her burning soul re-lit,
      While her upheaving bosom stirs,
      They stream again across her face
      And with such hope and glory fill it,
      Death could not have the heart to chill it.
      Yet when their wild light fades again,
      I feel a sudden sense of pain,
      As if, while yet her eyes were gleaming,
      And like a shower of sun-lit rain
      Bright fancies from her face were streaming,
      Her trembling soul might flit away
      As swift and suddenly as they.


                 III.

      A wild, inspirèd earnestness
        Her inmost being fills,
      And eager self-forgetfulness,
        That speaks not what it wills,
      But what unto her soul is given,
      A living oracle from Heaven,
      Which scarcely in her breast is born
      When on her trembling lips it thrills,
      And, like a burst of golden skies
      Through storm-clouds on a sudden torn,
      Like a glory of the morn,
      Beams marvellously from her eyes.
      And then, like a Spring-swollen river,
  Roll the deep waves of her full-hearted thought
      Crested with sun-lit spray,
      Her wild lips curve and quiver,
  And my rapt soul, on the strong tide upcaught,
      Unwittingly is borne away,
      Lulled by a dreamful music ever,
      Far--through the solemn twilight-gray
      Of hoary woods--through valleys green
  Which the trailing vine embowers,
  And where the purple-clustered grapes are seen
  Deep-glowing through rich clumps of waving flowers--
      Now over foaming rapids swept
      And with maddening rapture shook--
  Now gliding where the water-plants have slept
      For ages in a moss-rimmed nook--
      Enwoven by a wild-eyed band
        Of earth-forgetting dreams,
      I float to a delicious land
      By a sunset heaven spanned,
        And musical with streams;--
      Around, the calm, majestic forms
  And god-like eyes of early Greece I see,
      Or listen, till my spirit warms,
      To songs of courtly chivalry,
  Or weep, unmindful if my tears be seen,
  For the meek, suffering love of poor Undine.


                  IV.

        Her thoughts are never memories,
      But ever changeful, ever new,
      Fresh and beautiful as dew
      That in a dell at noontide lies,
      Or, at the close of summer day,
      The pleasant breath of new-mown hay:
      Swiftly they come and pass
      As golden birds across the sun,
      As light-gleams on tall meadow-grass
      Which the wind just breathes upon.
      And when she speaks, her eyes I see
  Down-gushing through their silken lattices,
      Like stars that quiver tremblingly
      Through leafy branches of the trees,
      And her pale cheeks do flush and glow
      With speaking flashes bright and rare
  As crimson North-lights on new-fallen snow,
      From out the veiling of her hair--
  Her careless hair that scatters down
      On either side her eyes,
  A waterfall leaf-tinged with brown
      And lit with the sunrise.


                   V.

      When first I saw her, not of earth,
    But heavenly both in grief and mirth,
    I thought her; she did seem
    As fair and full of mystery,
    As bodiless, as forms we see
    In the rememberings of a dream;
    A moon-lit mist, a strange, dim light,
    Circled her spirit from my sight;--
    Each day more beautiful she grew,
      More earthly every day,
    Yet that mysterious, moony hue
      Faded not all away;
    She has a sister's sympathy
    With all the wanderers of the sky,
    But most I've seen her bosom stir
      When moonlight round her fell,
    For the mild moon it loveth her,
      She loveth it as well,
    And of their love perchance this grace
    Was born into her wondrous face.
    I cannot tell how it may be,
    For both, methinks, can scarce be true,
    Still, as she earthly grew to me,
    She grew more heavenly too;
      She seems one born in Heaven
        With earthly feelings,
      For, while unto her soul are given
        More pure revealings
      Of holiest love and truth,
    Yet is the mildness of her eyes
    Made up of quickest sympathies,
      Of kindliness and ruth;
    So, though some shade of awe doth stir
    Our souls for one so far above us,
    We feel secure that she will love us,
    And cannot keep from loving her.
    She is a poem, which to me
    In speech and look is written bright,
    And to her life's rich harmony
    Doth ever sing itself aright;
    Dear, glorious creature!
      With eyes so dewy bright,
        And tenderest feeling
        Itself revealing
      In every look and feature,
      Welcome as a homestead light
  To one long-wandering in a clouded night,
      O, lovelier for her woman's weakness,
        Which yet is strongly mailed
      In armor of courageous meekness
        And faith that never failed!


                  VI.

        Early and late, at her soul's gate,
      Sits Chastity in warderwise,
      No thoughts unchallenged, small or great,
      Go thence into her eyes;
      Nor may a low, unworthy thought
      Beyond that virgin warder win,
      Nor one, whose password is not "ought,"
      May go without or enter in.
      I call her, seeing those pure eyes,
      The Eve of a new Paradise,
      Which she by gentle word and deed,
      And look no less, doth still create
      About her, for her great thoughts breed
      A calm that lifts us from our fallen state,
  And makes us while with her both good and great--
      Nor is their memory wanting in our need:
      With stronger loving, every hour,
      Turneth my heart to this frail flower,
      Which, thoughtless of the world, hath grown
      To beauty and meek gentleness,
      Here in a fair world of its own--
      By woman's instinct trained alone--
      A lily fair which God did bless,
      And which from Nature's heart did draw
  Love, wisdom, peace, and Heaven's perfect law.




            LOVE'S ALTAR.


                  I.

    I built an altar in my soul,
  I builded it to one alone;
  And ever silently I stole,
  In happy days of long-agone,
  To make rich offerings to that ONE.


                 II.

   'Twas garlanded with purest thought,
  And crowned with fancy's flowers bright,
  With choicest gems 'twas all inwrought
  Of truth and feeling; in my sight
  It seemed a spot of cloudless light.


                 III.

    Yet when I made my offering there,
  Like Cain's, the incense would not rise;
  Back on my heart down-sank the prayer,
  And altar-stone and sacrifice
  Grew hateful in my tear-dimmed eyes.


                  IV.

    O'er-grown with age's mosses green,
  The little altar firmly stands;
  It is not, as it once hath been,
  A selfish shrine;--these time-taught hands
  Bring incense now from many lands.


                   V.

    Knowledge doth only widen love;
  The stream, that lone and narrow rose,
  Doth, deepening ever, onward move,
  And with an even current flows
  Calmer and calmer to the close.


                  VI.

    The love, that in those early days
  Girt round my spirit like a wall,
  Hath faded like a morning haze,
  And flames, unpent by self's mean thrall,
  Rise clearly to the perfect |ALL|.




            IMPARTIALITY.


                  I.

    I cannot say a scene is fair
  Because it is beloved of thee,
  But I shall love to linger there,
  For sake of thy dear memory;
  I would not be so coldly just
  As to love only what I must.


                 II.

    I cannot say a thought is good
  Because thou foundest joy in it;
  Each soul must choose its proper food
  Which Nature hath decreed most fit;
  But I shall ever deem it so
  Because it made thy heart o'erflow.


                III.

    I love thee for that thou art fair;
  And that thy spirit joys in aught
  Createth a new beauty there,
  With thine own dearest image fraught;
  And love, for others' sake that springs,
  Gives half their charm to lovely things.




            BELLEROPHON.

  DEDICATED TO MY FRIEND, JOHN F. HEATH.


                  I.

    I feel the bandages unroll
    That bound my inward seeing;
  Freed are the bright wings of my soul,
    Types of my god-like being;
  High thoughts are swelling in my heart
    And rushing through my brain;
  May I never more lose part
    In my soul's realm again!
  All things fair, where'er they be,
  In earth or air, in sky or sea,
  I have loved them all, and taken
  All within my throbbing breast;
  No more my spirit can be shaken
  From its calm and kingly rest!
  Love hath shed its light around me,
  Love hath pierced the shades that bound me;
  Mine eyes are opened, I can see
  The universe's mystery,
    The mighty heart and core
    Of After and Before
  I see, and I am weak no more!


                 II.

    Upward! upward evermore,
  To Heaven's open gate I soar!
  Little thoughts are far behind me,
  Which, when custom weaves together,
  All the nobler man can tether--
  Cobwebs now no more can bind me!
  Now fold thy wings a little while,
    My trancèd soul, and lie
  At rest on this Calypso-isle
    That floats in mellow sky,
  A thousand isles with gentle motion
  Rock upon the sunset ocean;
  A thousand isles of thousand hues,
  How bright! how beautiful! how rare!
  Into my spirit they infuse
  A purer, a diviner air;
  The earth is growing dimmer,
  And now the last faint glimmer
    Hath faded from the hill;
  But in my higher atmosphere
  The sun-light streameth red and clear,
    Fringing the islets still;--
  Love lifts us to the sun-light,
  Though the whole world would be dark;
  Love, wide Love, is the one light,
  All else is but a fading spark;
  Love is the nectar which doth fill
  Our soul's cup even to overflowing,
  And, warming heart, and thought, and will,
  Doth lie within us mildly glowing,
  From its own centre raying out
  Beauty and Truth on all without.


                III.

    Each on his golden throne,
  Full royally, alone,
  I see the stars above me,
  With sceptre and with diadem;
  Mildly they look down and love me,
  For I have ever yet loved them;
  I see their ever-sleepless eyes
  Watching the growth of destinies;
      Calm, sedate,
      The eyes of Fate,
  They wink not, nor do roll,
  But search the depths of soul--
  And in those mighty depths they see
  The germs of all Futurity,
  Waiting but the fitting time
  To burst and ripen into prime,
  As in the womb of mother Earth
  The seeds of plants and forests lie
  Age upon age and never die--
  So in the souls of all men wait,
  Undyingly the seeds of Fate;
  Chance breaks the clod and forth they spring,
  Filling blind men with wondering.
  Eternal stars! with holy awe,
  As if a present God I saw,
  I look into those mighty eyes
  And see great destinies arise,
  As in those of mortal men
  Feelings glow and fade again!
  All things below, all things above,
  Are open to the eyes of Love.


                 IV.

    Of Knowledge Love is master-key,
  Knowledge of Beauty; passing dear
  Is each to each, and mutually
  Each one doth make the other clear;
  Beauty is Love, and what we love
  Straightway is beautiful,
  So is the circle round and full,
  And so dear Love doth live and move
    And have his being,
  Finding his proper food
    By sure inseeing,
  In all things pure and good,
  Which he at will doth cull,
  Like a joyous butterfly
  Hiving in the sunny bowers
  Of the soul's fairest flowers,
  Or, between the earth and sky,
  Wandering at liberty
  For happy, happy hours!


                  V.

    The thoughts of Love are Poesy,
  As this fair earth and all we see
  Are the thoughts of Deity--
  And Love is ours by our birthright!
  He hath cleared mine inward sight;
  Glorious shapes with glorious eyes
  Round about my spirit glance,
  Shedding a mild and golden light
  On the shadowy face of Night;
  To unearthly melodies,
  Hand in hand, they weave their dance,
  While a deep, ambrosial lustre
    From their rounded limbs doth shine,
  Through many a rich and golden cluster
  Of streaming hair divine.
  In our gross and earthly hours
  We cannot see the Love-given powers
  Which ever round the soul await
    To do its sovereign will,
  When, in its moments calm and still,
  It re-assumes its royal state,
  Nor longer sits with eyes downcast,
  A beggar, dreaming of the past,
  At its own palace-gate.


                VI.

    I too am a Maker and a Poet;
  Through my whole soul I feel it and know it;
  My veins are fired with ecstasy!
    All-mother Earth
    Did ne'er give birth
  To one who shall be matched with me;
  The lustre of my coronal
  Shall cast a dimness over all.--
  Alas! alas! what have I spoken?
  My strong, my eagle wings are broken,
  And back again to earth I fall!




        SOMETHING NATURAL.


                  I.

    When first I saw thy soul-deep eyes,
  My heart yearned to thee instantly,
  Strange longing in my soul did rise;
  I cannot tell the reason why,
  But I must love thee till I die.


                 II.

    The sight of thee hath well-nigh grown
  As needful to me as the light;
  I am unrestful when alone,
  And my heart doth not beat aright
  Except it dwell within thy sight.


                III.

    And yet--and yet--O selfish love!
  I am not happy even with thee;
  I see thee in thy brightness move,
  And cannot well contented be,
  Save thou should'st shine alone for me.


                 IV.

    We should love beauty even as flowers--
  For all, 'tis said, they bud and blow,
  They are the world's as well as ours--
  But thou--alas! God made thee grow
  So fair, I cannot love thee so!




              A FEELING.


    The flowers and the grass to me
  Are eloquent reproachfully;
  For would they wave so pleasantly
  Or look so fresh and fair,
  If a man, cunning, hollow, mean,
  Or one in anywise unclean,
  Were looking on them there?

    No; he hath grown so foolish-wise
  He cannot see with childhood's eyes;
  He hath forgot that purity
  And lowliness which are the key
  Of Nature's mysteries;
  No; he hath wandered off so long
  From his own place of birth,
  That he hath lost his mother-tongue,
  And, like one come from far-off lands,
  Forgetting and forgot, he stands
  Beside his mother's hearth.




          THE LOST CHILD.


                  I.

  I wandered down the sunny glade
    And ever mused, my love, of thee;
  My thoughts, like little children, played,
    As gayly and as guilelessly.


                 II.

  If any chanced to go astray,
    Moaning in fear of coming harms,
  Hope brought the wanderer back alway,
    Safe nestled in her snowy arms.


                III.

  From that soft nest the happy one
    Looked up at me and calmly smiled;
  Its hair shone golden in the sun,
    And made it seem a heavenly child.


                 IV.

  Dear Hope's blue eyes smiled mildly down,
    And blest it with a love so deep,
  That, like a nursling of her own,
    It clasped her neck and fell asleep.




              THE CHURCH.


                  I.

  I love the rites of England's church;
    I love to hear and see
  The priest and people reading slow
    The solemn Litany;
  I love to hear the glorious swell
    Of chanted psalm and prayer,
  And the deep organ's bursting heart,
    Throb through the shivering air.


                II.

  Chants, that a thousand years have heard,
    I love to hear again,
  For visions of the olden time
    Are wakened by the strain;
  With gorgeous hues the window-glass
    Seems suddenly to glow,
  And rich and red the streams of light
    Down through the chancel flow.


                III.

  And then I murmur, "Surely God
    Delighteth here to dwell;
  This is the temple of his Son
    Whom he doth love so well;"
  But, when I hear the creed which saith,
    This church alone is His,
  I feel within my soul that He
    Hath purer shrines than this.


                 IV.

  For his is not the builded church,
    Nor organ-shaken dome;
  In every thing that lovely is
    He loves and hath his home;
  And most in soul that loveth well
    All things which he hath made,
  Knowing no creed but simple faith
    That may not be gainsaid.


                  V.

  His church is universal Love,
    And whoso dwells therein
  Shall need no customed sacrifice
    To wash away his sin;
  And music in its aisles shall swell,
    Of lives upright and true,
  Sweet as dreamed sounds of angel-harps
    Down-quivering through the blue.


                VI.

  They shall not ask a litany,
    The souls that worship there,
  But every look shall be a hymn,
    And every word a prayer;
  Their service shall be written bright
    In calm and holy eyes,
  And every day from fragrant hearts
    Fit incense shall arise.




            THE UNLOVELY.


    The pretty things that others wear
  Look strange and out of place on me,
  I never seem dressed tastefully,
    Because I am not fair;
  And, when I would most pleasing seem,
  And deck myself with joyful care,
  I find it is an idle dream,
    Because I am not fair.

    If I put roses in my hair,
  They bloom as if in mockery;
  Nature denies her sympathy,
    Because I am not fair;
  Alas! I have a warm, true heart,
  But when I show it people stare;
  I must forever dwell apart,
    Because I am not fair.

    I am least happy being where
  The hearts of others are most light,
  And strive to keep me out of sight,
    Because I am not fair;
  The glad ones often give a glance,
  As I am sitting lonely there,
  That asks me why I do not dance--
    Because I am not fair.

    And if to smile on them I dare,
  For that my heart with love runs o'er,
  They say: "What is she laughing for?"--
    Because I am not fair;
  Love scorned or misinterpreted--
  It is the hardest thing to bear;
  I often wish that I were dead,
    Because I am not fair.

    In joy or grief I must not share,
  For neither smiles nor tears on me
  Will ever look becomingly,
    Because I am not fair;
  Whole days I sit alone and cry,
  And in my grave I wish I were--
  Yet none will weep me if I die,
    Because I am not fair.

    My grave will be so lone and bare,
  I fear to think of those dark hours,
  For none will plant it o'er with flowers,
    Because I am not fair;
  They will not in the summer come
  And speak kind words above me there;
  To me the grave will be no home,
    Because I am not fair.




          LOVE-SONG.


    Nearer to thy mother-heart,
  Simple Nature, press me,
  Let me know thee as thou art,
  Fill my soul and bless me!
  I have loved thee long and well,
  I have loved thee heartily;
  Shall I never with thee dwell,
  Never be at one with thee?

    Inward, inward to thy heart,
  Kindly Nature, take me,
  Lovely even as thou art,
  Full of loving make me!
  Thou knowest naught of dead-cold forms,
  Knowest naught of littleness,
  Lifeful Truth thy being warms,
  Majesty and earnestness.

    Homeward, homeward to thy heart,
  Dearest Nature, call me;
  Let no halfness, no mean part,
  Any longer thrall me!
  I will be thy lover true,
  I will be a faithful soul,
  Then circle me, then look me through,
  Fill me with the mighty Whole.




            SONG.


    All things are sad:--
  I go and ask of Memory,
  That she tell sweet tales to me
    To make me glad;
  And she takes me by the hand,
    Leadeth to old places,
    Showeth the old faces
  In her hazy mirage-land;
  O, her voice is sweet and low,
  And her eyes are fresh to mine
       As the dew
       Gleaming through
  The half-unfolded Eglantine,
  Long ago, long ago!
  But I feel that I am only
  Yet more sad, and yet more lonely!

    Then I turn to blue-eyed Hope,
  And beg of her that she will ope
  Her golden gates for me;
  She is fair and full of grace,
  But she hath the form and face
  Of her mother Memory;
  Clear as air her glad voice ringeth,
  Joyous are the songs she singeth,
  Yet I hear them mournfully;--
  They are songs her mother taught her,
  Crooning to her infant daughter,
  As she lay upon her knee.
  Many little ones she bore me,
  Woe is me! in by-gone hours,
  Who danced along and sang before me,
  Scattering my way with flowers;
       One by one
       They are gone,
  And their silent graves are seen,
  Shining fresh with mosses green,
  Where the rising sunbeams slope
  O'er the dewy land of Hope.

    But, when sweet Memory faileth,
  And Hope looks strange and cold;
  When youth no more availeth,
  And Grief grows over bold;--
  When softest winds are dreary,
  And summer sunlight weary,
  And sweetest things uncheery
       We know not why:--
  When the crown of our desires
  Weighs upon the brow and tires,
       And we would die,
  Die for, ah! we know not what,
  Something we seem to have forgot,
  Something we had, and now have not;--
  When the present is a weight
  And the future seems our foe,
  And with shrinking eyes we wait,
  As one who dreads a sudden blow
  In the dark, he knows not whence;--
  When Love at last his bright eye closes,
  And the bloom upon his face,
  That lends him such a living grace,
  Is a shadow from the roses
  Wherewith we have decked his bier,
  Because he once was passing dear;--
  When we feel a leaden sense
  Of nothingness and impotence,
         Till we grow mad--
       Then the body saith,
      "There's but one true faith;
         All things are sad!"




            A LOVE-DREAM.


    Pleasant thoughts come wandering,
    When thou art far, from thee to me;
    On their silver wings they bring
    A very peaceful ecstasy,
    A feeling of eternal spring;
    So that Winter half forgets
    Everything but that thou art,
    And, in his bewildered heart,
    Dreameth of the violets,
    Or those bluer flowers that ope,
    Flowers of steadfast love and hope,
    Watered by the living wells,
  Of memories dear, and dearer prophecies,
    When young spring forever dwells
    In the sunshine of thine eyes.

    I have most holy dreams of thee,
     All night I have such dreams;
    And, when I awake, reality
     No whit the darker seems;
  Through the twin gates of Hope and Memory
    They pour in crystal streams
    From out an angel's calmèd eyes,
    Who, from twilight till sunrise,
    Far away in the upper deep,
    Poised upon his shining wings,
    Over us his watch doth keep,
    And, as he watcheth, ever sings.

    Through the still night I hear him sing,
     Down-looking on our sleep;
    I hear his clear, clear harp-strings ring,
    And, as the golden notes take wing,
    Gently downward hovering,
     For very joy I weep;
    He singeth songs of holy Love,
    That quiver through the depths afar,
    Where the blessèd spirits are,
    And lingeringly from above
    Shower till the morning star
    His silver shield hath buckled on
    And sentinels the dawn alone,
    Quivering his gleamy spear
    Through the dusky atmosphere.

    Almost, my love, I fear the morn,
    When that blessèd voice shall cease,
    Lest it should leave me quite forlorn,
    Stript of my snowy robe of peace;
    And yet the bright reality
    Is fairer than all dreams can be,
    For, through my spirit, all day long,
    Ring echoes of that angel-song
    In melodious thoughts of thee;
    And well I know it cannot die
    Till eternal morn shall break,
    For, through life's slumber, thou and I
    Will keep it for each other's sake,
  And it shall not be silent when we wake.




        FOURTH OF JULY ODE.


                I.

  Our fathers fought for Liberty,
    They struggled long and well,
    History of their deeds can tell--
  But did they leave us free?


               II.

  Are we free from vanity,
    Free from pride, and free from self,
    Free from love of power and pelf,
  From everything that's beggarly?


              III.

  Are we free from stubborn will,
    From low hate and malice small,
    From opinion's tyrant thrall?
  Are none of us our own slaves still?


               IV.

  Are we free to speak our thought,
    To be happy, and be poor,
    Free to enter Heaven's door,
  To live and labor as we ought?


                V.

  Are we then made free at last
    From the fear of what men say,
    Free to reverence To-day,
  Free from the slavery of the Past?


               VI.

  Our fathers fought for liberty,
    They struggled long and well,
    History of their deeds can tell--
  But _ourselves_ must set us free.




                  SPHINX.


                   I.

     Why mourn we for the golden prime
  When our young souls _were_ kingly, strong, and true?
     The soul is greater than all time,
  It changes not, but yet is ever new.


                  II.

     But that the soul _is_ noble, we
  Could never know what nobleness had been;
     Be what ye dream! and earth shall see
  A greater greatness than she e'er hath seen.


                 III.

     The flower pines not to be fair,
  It never asketh to be sweet and dear,
     But gives itself to sun and air,
  And so is fresh and full from year to year.


                  IV.

     Nothing in Nature weeps its lot,
  Nothing, save man, abides in memory,
     Forgetful that the Past is what
  Ourselves may choose the coming time to be.


                   V.

     All things are circular; the Past
  Was given us to make the Future great;
     And the void Future shall at last
  Be the strong rudder of an after fate.


                  VI.

     We sit beside the Sphinx of Life,
  We gaze into its void, unanswering eyes,
     And spend ourselves in idle strife
  To read the riddle of their mysteries.


                 VII.

     Arise! be earnest and be strong!
  The Sphinx's eyes shall suddenly grow clear,
     And speak as plain to thee ere long,
  As the dear maiden's who holds thee most dear.


                VIII.

     The meaning of all things in _us_--
  Yea, in the lives we give our souls--doth lie;
     Make, then, their meaning glorious
  By such a life as need not fear to die!


                  IX.

     There is no heart-beat in the day,
  Which bears a record of the smallest deed,
     But holds within its faith alway
  That which in doubt we vainly strive to read.


                   X.

     One seed contains another seed,
  And that a third, and so for evermore;
     And promise of as great a deed
  Lies folded in the deed that went before.


                  XI.

     So ask not fitting space or time,
  Yet could not dream of things which could not be;
     Each day shall make the next sublime,
  And Time be swallowed in Eternity.


                 XII.

     God bless the Present! it is |ALL|;
  It has been Future, and it shall be Past;
     Awake and live! thy strength recall,
  And in one trinity unite them fast.


                XIII.

     Action and Life--lo! here the key
  Of all on earth that seemeth dark and wrong;
     Win this--and, with it, freely ye
  May enter that bright realm for which ye long.


                 XIV.

     Then all these bitter questionings
  Shall with a full and blessèd answer meet;
     Past worlds, whereof the Poet sings,
  Shall be the earth beneath his snow-white fleet.




          "GOE, LITTLE BOOKE!"


    Go little book! the world is wide,
  There's room and verge enough for thee;
  For thou hast learned that only pride
  Lacketh fit opportunity,
  Which comes unbid to modesty.

    Go! win thy way with gentleness:
  I send thee forth, my first-born child,
  Quite, quite alone, to face the stress
  Of fickle skies and pathways wild,
  Where few can keep them undefiled.

    Thou earnest from a poet's heart,
  A warm, still home, and full of rest;
  Far from the pleasant eyes thou art
  Of those who know and love thee best,
  And by whose hearthstones thou wert blest.

    Go! knock thou softly at the door
  Where any gentle spirits bin,
  Tell them thy tender feet are sore,
  Wandering so far from all thy kin,
  And ask if thou may enter in.

    Beg thou a cup-full from the spring
  Of Charity, in Christ's dear name;
  Few will deny so small a thing,
  Nor ask unkindly if thou came
  Of one whose life might do thee shame.

    We all are prone to go astray,
  Our hopes are bright, our lives are dim;
  But thou art pure, and if they say,
  "We know thy father, and our whim
  He pleases not,"--plead thou for him.

    For many are by whom all truth,
  That speaks not in their mother-tongue,
  Is stoned to death with hands unruth,
  Or hath its patient spirit wrung
  Cold words and colder looks among.

    Yet fear not! for skies are fair
  To all whose souls are fair within;
  Thou wilt find shelter everywhere
  With those to whom a different skin
  Is not a damning proof of sin.

    But, if all others are unkind,
  There's _one_ heart whither thou canst fly
  For shelter from the biting wind;
  And, in that home of purity,
  It were no bitter thing to die.




                  SONNETS.




                   I.

              DISAPPOINTMENT.


  I pray thee call not this society;
  I asked for bread, thou givest me a stone;
  I am an hungered, and I find not one
  To give me meat, to joy or grieve with me;
  I find not here what I went out to see--
  Souls of true men, of women who can move
  The deeper, better part of us to love,
  Souls that can hold with mine communion free.
  Alas! must then these hopes, these longings high,
  This yearning of the soul for brotherhood,
  And all that makes us pure, and wise, and good,
  Come broken-hearted, home again to die?
  No, Hope is left, and prays with bended head,
  "Give us this day, O God, our daily bread!"




                  II.


  Great human nature, whither art thou fled?
  Are these things creeping forth and back agen,
  These hollow formalists and echoes, men?
  Art thou entombèd with the mighty dead?
  In God's name, no! not yet hath all been said,
  Or done, or longed for, that is truly great;
  These pitiful dried crusts will never sate
  Natures for which pure Truth is daily bread;
  We were not meant to plod along the earth,
  Strange to ourselves and to our fellows strange;
  We were not meant to struggle from our birth
  To skulk and creep, and in mean pathways range;
  Act! with stern truth, large faith, and loving will!
  Up and be doing! God is with us still.




                 III.

             TO A FRIEND.


  One strip of bark may feed the broken tree,
  Giving to some few limbs a sickly green;
  And one light shower on the hills, I ween,
  May keep the spring from drying utterly.
  Thus seemeth it with these our hearts to be;
  Hope is the strip of bark, the shower of rain,
  And so they are not wholly crushed with pain.
  But live and linger on, far sadder sight to see;
  Much do they err, who tell us that the heart
  May not be broken; what, then, can we call
  A broken heart, if this may not be so,
  This death in life, when, shrouded in its pall,
  Shunning and shunned, it dwelleth all apart,
  Its power, its love, its sympathy laid low?




                  IV.


  So may it be, but let it not be so,
  O, let it not be so with thee, my friend;
  Be of good courage, bear up to the end,
  And on thine after way rejoicing go!
  We all must suffer, if we aught would know;
  Life is a teacher stern, and wisdom's crown
  Is oft a crown of thorns, whence, trickling down,
  Blood, mixed with tears, blinding her eyes doth flow
  But Time, a gentle nurse, shall wipe away
  This bloody sweat, and thou shalt find on earth,
  That woman is not all in all to Love,
  But, living by a new and second birth,
  Thy soul shall see all things below, above,
  Grow bright and brighter to the perfect day.




                   V.


  O child of Nature! O most meek and free,
  Most gentle spirit of true nobleness!
  Thou doest not a worthy deed the less
  Because the world may not its greatness see;
  What were a thousand triumphings to thee,
  Who, in thyself, art as a perfect sphere
  Wrapt in a bright and natural atmosphere
  Of mighty-souledness and majesty?
  Thy soul is not too high for lowly things,
  Feels not its strength seeing its brother weak,
  Not for itself unto itself is dear,
  But for that it may guide the wanderings
  Of fellow-men, and to their spirits speak
  The lofty faith of heart that knows no fear.




                  VI.

                TO ----


  Deem it no Sodom-fruit of vanity,
  Or fickle fantasy of unripe youth
  Which ever takes the fairest shows for truth,
  That I should wish my verse beloved of thee;
  'Tis love's deep thirst which may not quenchèd be.
  There is a gulf of longing and unrest,
  A wild love-craving not to be represt,
  Whereto, in all our hearts, as to the sea,
  The streams of feeling do forever flow.
  Therefore it is that thy well-meted praise
  Falleth so shower-like and fresh on me,
  Filling those springs which else had sunk full low,
  Lost in the dreary desert-sands of woe,
  Or parched by passion's fierce and withering blaze.




                VII.


  Might I but be beloved, and, O most fair
  And perfect-ordered soul, beloved of thee,
  How should I feel a cloud of earthly care,
  If thy blue eyes were ever clear to me?
  O woman's love! O flower most bright and rare!
  That blossom'st brightest in extremest need,
  Woe, woe is me! that thy so precious seed
  Is ever sown by Fancy's changeful air,
  And grows sometimes in poor and barren hearts,
  Who can be little even in the light
  Of thy meek holiness--while souls more great
  Are left to wander in a starless night,
  Praying unheard--and yet the hardest parts
  Befit those best who best can cope with Fate.




               VIII.


  Why should we ever weary of this life?
  Our souls should widen ever, not contract,
  Grow stronger, and not harder, in the strife,
  Filling each moment with a noble act;
  If we live thus, of vigor all compact,
  Doing our duty to our fellow-men,
  And striving rather to exalt our race
  Than our poor selves, with earnest hand or pen
  We shall erect our names a dwelling-place
  Which not all ages shall cast down agen;
  Offspring of Time shall then be born each hour,
  Which, as of old, earth lovingly shall guard,
  To live forever in youth's perfect flower,
  And guide her future children Heavenward.




                  IX.

            GREEN MOUNTAINS.


  Ye mountains, that far off lift up your heads,
  Seen dimly through their canopies of blue,
  The shade of my unrestful spirit sheds
  Distance-created beauty over you;
  I am not well content with this far view;
  How may I know what foot of loved-one treads
  Your rocks moss-grown and sun-dried torrent beds?
  We should love all things better, if we knew
  What claims the meanest have upon our hearts:
  Perchance even now some eye, that would be bright
  To meet my own, looks on your mist-robed forms;
  Perchance your grandeur a deep joy imparts
  To souls that have encircled mine with light--
  O brother-heart, with thee my spirit warms!




                   X.


  My friend, adown Life's valley, hand in hand,
  With grateful change of grave and merry speech
  Or song, our hearts unlocking each to each,
  We'll journey onward to the silent land;
  And when stern Death shall loose that loving band,
  Taking in his cold hand a hand of ours,
  The one shall strew the other's grave with flowers,
  Nor shall his heart a moment be unmanned.
  My friend and brother! if thou goest first,
  Wilt thou no more re-visit me below?
  Yea, when my heart seems happy, causelessly
  And swells, not dreaming why, as it would burst
  With joy unspeakable--my soul shall know
  That thou, unseen, art bending over me.




                  XI.


  Verse cannot say how beautiful thou art,
  How glorious the calmness of thine eyes,
  Full of unconquerable energies,
  Telling that thou hast acted well thy part.
  No doubt or fear thy steady faith can start,
  No thought of evil dare come nigh to thee,
  Who hast the courage meek of purity,
  The self-stayed greatness of a loving heart,
  Strong with serene, enduring fortitude;
  Where'er thou art, that seems thy fitting place,
  For not of forms, but Nature, art thou child;
  And lowest things put on a noble grace
  When touched by ye, O patient, Ruth-like, mild
  And spotless hands of earnest womanhood.




                 XII.


  The soul would fain its loving kindness tell,
  But custom hangs like lead upon the tongue;
  The heart is brimful, hollow crowds among,
  When it finds one whose life and thought are well;
  Up to the eyes its gushing love doth swell,
  The angel cometh and the waters move,
  Yet it is fearful still to say "I love,"
  And words come grating as a jangled bell.
  O might we only speak but what we feel,
  Might the tongue pay but what the heart doth owe,
  Not Heaven's great thunder, when, deep peal on peal,
  It shakes the earth, could rouse our spirits so,
  Or to the soul such majesty reveal,
  As two short words half-spoken faint and low!




                XIII.


  I saw a gate: a harsh voice spake and said,
  "This is the gate of Life;" above was writ,
  "Leave hope behind, all ye who enter it;"
  Then shrank my heart within itself for dread;
  But, softer than the summer rain is shed,
  Words dropt upon my soul, and they did say,
  "Fear nothing, Faith shall save thee, watch and pray!"
  So, without fear I lifted up my head,
  And lo! that writing was not, one fair word
  Was carven in its stead, and it was "Love."
  Then rained once more those sweet tones from above
  With healing on their wings: I humbly heard,
  "I am the Life, ask and it shall be given!
  I am the way, by me ye enter Heaven!"




                 XIV.


  To the dark, narrow house where loved ones go,
  Whence no steps outward turn, whose silent door
  None but the sexton knocks at any more,
  Are they not sometimes with us yet below?
  The longings of the soul would tell us so;
  Although, so pure and fine their being's essence,
  Our bodily eyes are witless of their presence,
  Yet not within the tomb their spirits glow,
  Like wizard lamps pent up, but whensoever
  With great thoughts worthy of their high behests
  Our souls are filled, those bright ones with us be,
  As, in the patriarch's tent, his angel guests;--
  O let us live so worthily, that never
  We may be far from that blest company.




                  XV.


  I fain would give to thee the loveliest things,
  For lovely things belong to thee of right,
  And thou hast been as peaceful to my sight,
  As the still thoughts that summer twilight brings;
  Beneath the shadow of thine angel wings
  O let me live! O let me rest in thee,
  Growing to thee more and more utterly,
  Upbearing and upborn, till outward things
  Are only as they share in thee a part!
  Look kindly on me, let thy holy eyes
  Bless me from the deep fulness of thy heart;
  So shall my soul in its right strength arise,
  And nevermore shall pine and shrink and start,
  Safe-sheltered in thy full souled sympathies.


                 XVI.

  Much I had mused of Love, and in my soul
  There was one chamber where I dared not look,
  So much its dark and dreary voidness shook
  My spirit, feeling that I was not whole:
  All my deep longings flowed toward one goal
  For long, long years, but were not answerèd,
  Till Hope was drooping, Faith well-nigh stone-dead,
  And I was still a blind, earth-delving mole;
  Yet did I know that God was wise and good,
  And would fulfil my being late or soon;
  Nor was such thought in vain, for, seeing thee,
  Great Love rose up, as, o'er a black pine wood,
  Round, bright, and clear, upstarteth the full moon,
  Filling my soul with glory utterly.


                XVII.

  Sayest thou, most beautiful, that thou wilt wear
  Flowers and leafy crowns when thou art old,
  And that thy heart shall never grow so cold
  But they shall love to wreath thy silvered hair
  And into age's snows the hope of spring-tide bear?
  O, in thy child-like wisdom's moveless hold
  Dwell ever! still the blessings manifold
  Of purity, of peace, and untaught care
  For other's hearts, around thy pathway shed,
  And thou shalt have a crown of deathless flowers
  To glorify and guard thy blessèd head
  And give their freshness to thy life's last hours;
  And, when the Bridegroom calleth, they shall be
  A wedding-garment white as snow for thee.


                XVIII.

  Poet! who sittest in thy pleasant room,
  Warming thy heart with idle thoughts of love,
  And of a holy life that leads above,
  Striving to keep life's spring-flowers still in bloom,
  And lingering to snuff their fresh perfume--
  O, there were other duties meant for thee,
  Than to sit down in peacefulness and Be!
  O, there are brother-hearts that dwell in gloom,
  Souls loathsome, foul, and black with daily sin,
  So crusted o'er with baseness, that no ray
  Of heaven's blessed light may enter in!
  Come down, then, to the hot and dusty way,
  And lead them back to hope and peace again--
  For, save in Act, thy Love is all in vain.


                 XIX.

          "NO MORE BUT SO?"

  No more but so? Only with uncold looks,
  And with a hand not laggard to clasp mine,
  Think'st thou to pay what debt of love is thine?
  No more but so? Like gushing water-brooks,
  Freshening and making green the dimmest nooks
  Of thy friend's soul thy kindliness should flow;
  But, if 'tis bounded by not saying "no,"
  I can find more of friendship in my books,
  All lifeless though they be, and more, far more
  In every simplest moss, or flower, or tree;
  Open to me thy heart of hearts' deep core,
  Or never say that I am dear to thee;
  Call me not Friend, if thou keep close the door
  That leads into thine inmost sympathy.


                  XX.

      TO A VOICE HEARD IN MOUNT AUBURN.

  Like the low warblings of a leaf-hid bird,
  Thy voice came to me through the screening trees,
  Singing the simplest, long-known melodies;
  I had no glimpse of thee, and yet I heard
  And blest thee for each clearly-carolled word;
  I longed to thank thee, and my heart would frame
  Mary or Ruth, some sisterly, sweet name
  For thee, yet could I not my lips have stirred;
  I knew that thou wert lovely, that thine eyes
  Were blue and downcast, and methought large tears,
  Unknown to thee, up to their lids must rise
  With half-sad memories of other years,
  As to thyself alone thou sangest o'er
  Words that to childhood seemed to say "No More!"


                XXI.

      ON READING SPENSER AGAIN.

  Dear, gentle Spenser! thou my soul dost lead,
  A little child again, through Fairy land,
  By many a bower and stream of golden sand,
  And many a sunny plain whose light doth breed
  A sunshine in my happy heart, and feed
  My fancy with sweet visions; I become
  A knight, and with my charmèd arms would roam
  To seek for fame in many a wondrous deed
  Of high emprize--for I have seen the light
  Of Una's angel's face, the golden hair
  And backward eyes of startled Florimel;
  And, for their holy sake, I would outdare
  A host of cruel Paynims in the fight,
  Or Archimage and all the powers of Hell.


                XXII.

  Light of mine eyes! with thy so trusting look,
  And thy sweet smile of charity and love,
  That from a treasure well uplaid above,
  And from a hope in Christ its blessing took;
  Light of my heart! which, when it could not brook
  The coldness of another's sympathy,
  Finds ever a deep peace and stay in thee,
  Warm as the sunshine of a mossy nook;
  Light of my soul! who, by thy saintliness
  And faith that acts itself in daily life,
  Canst raise me above weakness, and canst bless
  The hardest thraldom of my earthly strife--
  I dare not say how much thou art to me
  Even to myself--and O, far less to thee!


                XXIII.

  Silent as one who treads on new-fallen snow,
  Love came upon me ere I was aware;
  Not light of heart, for there was troublous care
  Upon his eyelids, drooping them full low,
  As with sad memory of a healèd woe;
  The cold rain shivered in his golden hair,
  As if an outcast lot had been his share,
  And he seemed doubtful whither he should go:
  Then he fell on my neck, and, in my breast
  Hiding his face, awhile sobbed bitterly,
  As half in grief to be so long distrest,
  And half in joy at his security--
  At last, uplooking from his place of rest,
  His eyes shone blessedness and hope on me.


                XXIV.

  A gentleness that grows of steady faith;
  A joy that sheds its sunshine everywhere;
  A humble strength and readiness to bear
  Those burthens which strict duty ever lay'th
  Upon our souls;--which unto sorrow saith,
  "Here is no soil for thee to strike thy roots,
  Here only grow those sweet and precious fruits;
  Which ripen for the soul that well obey'th;
  A patience which the world can neither give
  Nor take away; a courage strong and high,
  That dares in simple usefulness to live,
  And without one sad look behind to die
  When that day comes;--these tell me that our love
  Is building for itself a home above."


                 XXV.

  When the glad soul is full to overflow,
  Unto the tongue all power it denies,
  And only trusts its secret to the eyes;
  For, by an inborn wisdom, it doth know
  There is no other eloquence but so;
  And, when the tongue's weak utterance doth suffice,
  Prisoned within the body's cell it lies,
  Remembering in tears its exiled woe:
  That word which all mankind so long to hear,
  Which bears the spirit back to whence it came,
  Maketh this sullen clay as crystal clear,
  And will not be enclouded in a name;
  It is a truth which we can feel and see,
  But is as boundless as Eternity.


                XXVI.

         TO THE EVENING-STAR.

  When we have once said lowly "Evening-Star!"
  Words give no more--for, in thy silver pride,
  Thou shinest as naught else can shine beside:
  The thick smoke, coiling round the sooty bar
  Forever, and the customed lamp-light mar
  The stillness of my thought--seeing things glide
  So samely:--then I ope my windows wide,
  And gaze in peace to where thou shin'st afar.
  The wind that comes across the faint-white snow
  So freshly, and the river dimly seen,
  Seem like new things that never had been so
  Before; and thou art bright as thou hast been
  Since thy white rays put sweetness in the eyes
  Of the first souls that loved in Paradise.


                XXVII.

               READING.

  As one who on some well-known landscape looks,
  Be it alone, or with some dear friend nigh,
  Each day beholdeth fresh variety,
  New harmonies of hills, and trees, and brooks--
  So is it with the worthiest choice of books,
  And oftenest read: if thou no meaning spy,
  Deem there is meaning wanting in thine eyes;
  We are so lured from judgment by the crooks
  And winding ways of covert fantasy,
  Or turned unwittingly down beaten tracks
  Of our foregone conclusions, that we see,
  In our own want, the writer's misdeemed lacks:
  It is with true books as with Nature, each
  New day of living doth new insight teach.


                XXVIII.

      TO ----, AFTER A SNOW-STORM.

  Blue as thine eyes the river gently flows
  Between his banks, which, far as eye can see,
  Are whiter than aught else on earth may be,
  Save inmost thoughts that in thy soul repose;
  The trees all crystalled by the melted snows,
  Sparkle with gems and silver, such as we
  In childhood saw 'mong groves of Faërie,
  And the dear skies are sunny-blue as those;
  Still as thy heart, when next mine own it lies
  In love's full safety, is the bracing air;
  The earth is all enwrapt with draperies
  Snow-white as that pure love might choose to wear--
  O for one moment's look into thine eyes,
  To share the joy such scene would kindle there!




            SONNETS ON NAMES.


                EDITH.

  A Lily with its frail cup filled with dew,
  Down-bending modestly, snow-white and pale,
  Shedding faint fragrance round its native vale,
  Minds me of thee, Sweet Edith, mild and true,
  And of thy eyes so innocent and blue,
  Thy heart is fearful as a startled hare,
  Yet hath in it a fortitude to bear
  For Love's sake, and a gentle faith which grew
  Of Love: need of a stay whereon to lean,
  Felt in thyself, hath taught thee to uphold
  And comfort others, and to give, unseen,
  The kindness thy still love cannot withhold:
  Maiden, I would my sister thou hadst been,
  That round thee I my guarding arms might fold.


                ROSE.

  My ever-lightsome, ever-laughing Rose,
  Who always speakest first and thinkest last,
  Thy full voice is as clear as bugle-blast;
  Right from the ear down to the heart it goes
  And says, "I'm beautiful! as who but knows?"
  Thy name reminds me of old romping days,
  Of kisses stolen in dark passage-ways,
  Or in the parlor, if the mother-nose
  Gave sign of drowsy watch. I wonder where
  Are gone thy tokens, given with a glance
  So full of everlasting love till morrow,
  Or a day's endless grieving for the dance
  Last night denied, backed with a lock of hair,
  That spake of broken hearts and deadly sorrow.


                MARY.

  Dark hair, dark eyes--not too dark to be deep
  And full of feeling, yet enough to glow
  With fire when angered; feelings never slow,
  But which seem rather watching to forthleap
  From her full breast; a gently-flowing sweep
  Of words in common talk, a torrent-rush,
  Whenever through her soul swift feelings gush,
  A heart less ready to be gay than weep,
  Yet cheerful ever; a calm matron-smile,
  That bids God bless you; a chaste simpleness,
  With somewhat, too, of "proper pride," in dress;--
  This portrait to my mind's eye came, the while
  I thought of thee, the well-grown woman Mary,
  Whilome a gold-haired, laughing little fairy.


              CAROLINE.

  A staidness sobers o'er her pretty face,
  Which something but ill-hidden in her eyes,
  And a quaint look about her lips denies;
  A lingering love of girlhood you can trace
  In her checked laugh and half-restrainèd pace;
  And, when she bears herself most womanly,
  It seems as if a watchful mother's eye
  Kept down with sobering glance her childish grace:
  Yet oftentimes her nature gushes free
  As water long held back by little hands,
  Within a pump, and let forth suddenly,
  Until, her task remembering, she stands
  A moment silent, smiling doubtfully,
  Then laughs aloud and scorns her hated bands.


                ANNE.

  There is a pensiveness in quiet Anne,
  A mournful drooping of the full gray eye,
  As if she had shook hands with misery,
  And known some care since her short life began;
  Her cheek is seriously pale, nigh wan,
  And, though of cheerfulness there is no lack,
  You feel as if she must be dressed in black;
  Yet is she not of those who, all they can,
  Strive to be gay, and striving, seem most sad--
  Hers is not grief, but silent soberness;
  You would be startled if you saw her glad,
  And startled if you saw her weep, no less;
  She walks through life, as, on the Sabbath day,
  She decorously glides to church to pray.




              MISCELLANEOUS POEMS.




                THRENODIA.


    Gone, gone from us! and shall we see
  These sibyl-leaves of destiny,
  Those calm eyes, nevermore?
  Those deep, dark eyes so warm and bright,
  Wherein the fortunes of the man
  Lay slumbering in prophetic light,
  In characters a child might scan?
  So bright, and gone forth utterly!
  O stern word--Nevermore!

    The stars of those two gentle eyes
  Will shine no more on earth;
  Quenched are the hopes that had their birth,
  As we watched them slowly rise,
  Stars of a mother's fate;
  And she would read them o'er and o'er,
  Pondering as she sate,
  Over their dear astrology,
  Which she had conned and conned before,
  Deeming she needs must read aright
  What was writ so passing bright.
  And yet, alas! she knew not why,
  Her voice would falter in its song,
  And tears would slide from out her eye,
  Silent, as they were doing wrong.
  O stern word--Nevermore!

    The tongue that scarce had learned to claim
  An entrance to a mother's heart
  By that dear talisman, a mother's name,
  Sleeps all forgetful of its art!
  I loved to see the infant soul
  (How mighty in the weakness
  Of its untutored meekness!)
  Peep timidly from out its nest,
  His lips, the while,
  Fluttering with half-fledged words,
  Or hushing to a smile
  That more than words expressed,
  When his glad mother on him stole
  And snatched him to her breast!
  O, thoughts were brooding in those eyes,
  That would have soared like strong-winged birds
  Far, far, into the skies,
  Gladding the earth with song,
  And gushing harmonies,
  Had he but tarried with us long!
  O stern word--Nevermore!

    How peacefully they rest,
  Crossfolded there
  Upon his little breast,
  Those small, white hands that ne'er were still before,
  But ever sported with his mother's hair,
  Or the plain cross that on her breast she wore!
  Her heart no more will beat
  To feel the touch of that soft palm,
  That ever seemed a new surprise
  Sending glad thoughts up to her eyes
  To bless him with their holy calm,--
  Sweet thoughts! they made her eyes as sweet.
  How quiet are the hands
  That wove those pleasant bands!
  But that they do not rise and sink
  With his calm breathing, I should think
  That he were dropped asleep.
  Alas! too deep, too deep
  Is this his slumber!
  Time scarce can number
  The years ere he will wake again.
  O, may we see his eyelids open then!
  O stern word--Nevermore!

    As the airy gossamere,
  Floating in the sunlight clear,
  Where'er it toucheth clingeth tightly,
  Round glossy leaf or stump unsightly,
  So from his spirit wandered out
  Tendrils spreading all about,
  Knitting all things to its thrall
  With a perfect love of all:
  O stern word--Nevermore!

    He did but float a little way
  Adown the stream of time,
  With dreamy eyes watching the ripples play,
  Or listening their fairy chime;
  His slender sail
  Ne'er felt the gale;
  He did but float a little way,
  And, putting to the shore
  While yet 'twas early day,
  Went calmly on his way,
  To dwell with us no more!
  No jarring did he feel,
  No grating on his vessel's keel,
  A strip of silver sand
  Mingled the waters with the land
  Where he was seen no more:
  O stern word--Nevermore!

    Full short his journey was; no dust
  Of earth unto his sandals clave;
  The weary weight that old men must,
  He bore not to the grave.
  He seemed a cherub who had lost his way
  And wandered hither, so his stay
  With us was short, and 'twas most meet
  That he should be no delver in earth's clod
  Nor need to pause and cleanse his feet
  To stand before his God:
  O blest word--Evermore!

    1839.




              THE SIRENS.


    The sea is lonely, the sea is dreary,
  The sea is restless and uneasy;
  Thou seekest quiet, thou art weary,
  Wandering thou knowest not whither;--
  Our little isle is green and breezy,
  Come and rest thee! O come hither;
  Come to this peaceful home of ours,
        Where evermore
  The low west-wind creeps panting up the shore
  To be at rest among the flowers;
  Full of rest, the green moss lifts,
    As the dark waves of the sea
  Draw in and out of rocky rifts,
    Calling solemnly to thee
  With voices deep and hollow,--
     "To the shore
    Follow! O, follow!
  To be at rest forevermore!
      Forevermore!"

    Look how the gray old Ocean
  From the depth of his heart rejoices,
  Heaving with a gentle motion,
  When he hears our restful voices;
  List how he sings in an under-tone,
  Chiming with our melody;
  And all sweet sounds of earth and air
  Melt into one low voice alone,
  That murmurs over the weary sea,
  And seems to sing from everywhere,--
  "Here mayst thou harbor peacefully,
  Here mayst thou rest from the aching oar;
    Turn thy curvèd prow ashore,
  And in our green isle rest for evermore!
      Forevermore!"
  And Echo half wakes in the wooded hill,
    And, to her heart so calm and deep,
    Murmurs over in her sleep,
  Doubtfully pausing and murmuring still,
     "Evermore!"
        Thus, on Life's weary sea,
        Heareth the marinere
        Voices sweet, from far and near,
        Ever singing low and clear,
        Ever singing longingly.

    Is it not better here to be,
  Than to be toiling late and soon?
  In the dreary night to see
  Nothing but the blood-red moon
  Go up and down into the sea;
  Or, in the loneliness of day,
    To see the still seals only
  Solemnly lift their faces gray,
    Making it yet more lonely?
  Is it not better, than to hear
  Only the sliding of the wave
  Beneath the plank, and feel so near
  A cold and lonely grave,
  A restless grave, where thou shalt lie
  Even in death unquietly?
  Look down beneath thy wave-worn bark,
    Lean over the side and see
  The leaden eye of the sidelong shark
      Upturnèd patiently,
    Ever waiting there for thee:
  Look down and see those shapeless forms,
    Which ever keep their dreamless sleep
  Far down within the gloomy deep,
  And only stir themselves in storms,
  Rising like islands from beneath,
  And snorting through the angry spray,
  As the frail vessel perisheth
  In the whirls of their unwieldy play;
      Look down! Look down!
  Upon the seaweed, slimy and dark,
  That waves its arms so lank and brown,
    Beckoning for thee!
  Look down beneath thy wave-worn bark
    Into the cold depth of the sea!
      Look down! Look down!
        Thus on Life's lonely sea,
        Heareth the marinere
        Voices sad, from far and near,
        Ever singing full of fear,
        Ever singing drearfully.

    Here all is pleasant as a dream;
  The wind scarce shaketh down the dew,
  The green grass floweth like a stream
        Into the ocean's blue;
          Listen! O, listen!
  Here is a gush of many streams,
    A song of many birds,
  And every wish and longing seems
  Lulled to a numbered flow of words,--
          Listen! O, listen!
  Here ever hum the golden bees
  Underneath full-blossomed trees,
  At once with glowing fruit and flowers crowned;--
  The sand is so smooth, the yellow sand,
  That thy keel will not grate as it touches the land
  All around with a slumberous sound,
  The singing waves slide up the strand,
  And there, where the smooth, wet pebbles be,
  The waters gurgle longingly,
  As if they fain would seek the shore,
  To be at rest from the ceaseless roar,
  To be at rest forevermore,--
      Forevermore.
          Thus, on Life's gloomy sea,
          Heareth the marinere
          Voices sweet, from far and near,
          Ever singing in his ear,
          "Here is rest and peace for thee."

    |Nantasket|, _July, 1840._




                  IRENÉ.


    Hers is a spirit deep, and crystal-clear,
  Calmly beneath her earnest face it lies,
  Free without boldness, meek without a fear,
  Quicker to look than speak its sympathies;
  Far down into her large and patient eyes
  I gaze, deep-drinking of the infinite,
  As, in the mid-watch of a clear, still night,
  I look into the fathomless blue skies.

    So circled lives she with Love's holy light,
  That from the shade of self she walketh free;
  The garden of her soul still keepeth she
  An Eden where the snake did never enter;
  She hath a natural, wise sincerity,
  A simple truthfulness, and these have lent her
  A dignity as moveless as the centre;
  So that no influence of earth can stir
  Her steadfast courage, nor can take away
  The holy peacefulness, which, night and day,
  Unto her queenly soul doth minister.

    Most gentle is she; her large charity
  (An all unwitting, child-like gift in her)
  Not freer is to give than meek to bear;
  And, though herself not unacquaint with care,
  Hath in her heart wide room for all that be,--
  Her heart that hath no secrets of its own,
  But open is as eglantine full blown.
  Cloudless forever is her brow serene,
  Speaking calm hope and trust within her, whence
  Welleth a noiseless spring of patience,
  That keepeth all her life so fresh, so green
  And full of holiness, that every look,
  The greatness of her woman's soul revealing,
  Unto me bringeth blessing, and a feeling
  As when I read in God's own holy book.

    A graciousness in giving that doth make
  The small'st gift greatest, and a sense most meek
  Of worthiness, that doth not fear to take
  From others, but which always fears to speak
  Its thanks in utterance, for the giver's sake;--
  The deep religion of a thankful heart,
  Which rests instinctively in Heaven's law
  With a full peace, that never can depart
  From its own steadfastness;--a holy awe
  For holy things,--not those which men call holy,
  But such as are revealèd to the eyes
  Of a true woman's soul bent down and lowly
  Before the face of daily mysteries;--
  A love that blossoms soon, but ripens slowly
  To the full goldenness of fruitful prime,
  Enduring with a firmness that defies
  All shallow tricks of circumstance and time,
  By a sure insight knowing where to cling,
  And where it clingeth never withering;--
  These are Irené's dowry, which no fate
  Can shake from their serene, deep-builded state.

    In-seeing sympathy is hers, which chasteneth
  No less than loveth, scorning to be bound
  With fear of blame, and yet which ever hasteneth
  To pour the balm of kind looks on the wound,
  If they be wounds which such sweet teaching makes,
  Giving itself a pang for others' sakes;
  No want of faith, that chills with sidelong eye,
  Hath she; no jealousy, no Levite pride
  That passeth by upon the other side;
  For in her soul there never dwelt a lie.
  Right from the hand of God her spirit came
  Unstained, and she hath ne'er forgotten whence
  It came, nor wandered far from thence,
  But laboreth to keep her still the same,
  Near to her place of birth, that she may not
  Soil her white raiment with an earthly spot.

    Yet sets she not her soul so steadily
  Above, that she forgets her ties to earth,
  But her whole thought would almost seem to be
  How to make glad one lowly human hearth;
  For with a gentle courage she doth strive
  In thought and word and feeling so to live
  As to make earth next heaven; and her heart
  Herein doth show its most exceeding worth,
  That, bearing in our frailty her just part,
  She hath not shrunk from evils of this life,
  But hath gone calmly forth into the strife,
  And all its sins and sorrows hath withstood
  With lofty strength of patient womanhood:
  For this I love her great soul more than all,
  That, being bound, like us, with earthly thrall,
  She walks so bright and heaven-like therein,--
  Too wise, too meek, too womanly, to sin.

    Like a lone star through riven storm-clouds seen
  By sailors, tempest-toss'd upon the sea,
  Telling of rest and peaceful heavens nigh,
  Unto my soul her star-like soul hath been,
  Her sight as full of hope and calm to me;--
  For she unto herself hath builded high
  A home serene, wherein to lay her head,
  Earth's noblest thing, a Woman perfected.

    1840.




                SERENADE.


  From the close-shut windows gleams no spark,
  The night is chilly, the night is dark,
  The poplars shiver, the pine-trees moan,
  My hair by the autumn breeze is blown,
  Under thy window I sing alone,
  Alone, alone, ah woe! alone!

  The darkness is pressing coldly around,
  The windows shake with a lonely sound,
  The stars are hid and the night is drear,
  The heart of silence throbs in thine ear,
  In thy chamber thou sittest alone,
  Alone, alone, ah woe! alone!

  The world is happy, the world is wide,
  Kind hearts are beating on every side;
  Ah, why should we lie so coldly curled
  Alone in the shell of this great world?
  Why should we any more be alone?
  Alone, alone, ah woe! alone!

  O, 'tis a bitter and dreary word,
  The saddest by man's ear ever heard!
  We each are young, we each have a heart,
  Why stand we ever coldly apart?
  Must we forever, then, be alone?
  Alone, alone, ah woe! alone!

    1840.



        WITH A PRESSED FLOWER.


  This little flower from afar
  Hath come from other lands to thine;
  For, once, its white and drooping star
  Could see its shadow in the Rhine.

  Perchance some fair-haired German maid
  Hath plucked one from the self-same stalk,
  And numbered over, half afraid,
  Its petals in her evening walk.

  "He loves me, loves me not," she cries;
  "He loves me more than earth or heaven!"
  And then glad tears have filled her eyes
  To find the number was uneven.

  And thou must count its petals well,
  Because it is a gift from me;
  And the last one of all shall tell
  Something I've often told to thee.

  But here at home, where we were born,
  Thou wilt find flowers just as true,
  Down-bending every summer morn
  With freshness of New-England dew.

  For Nature, ever kind to love,
  Hath granted them the same sweet tongue,
  Whether with German skies above,
  Or here our granite rocks among.

    1840.



            THE BEGGAR.


  A beggar, through the world am I,--
  From place to place I wander by.
  Fill up my pilgrim's scrip for me,
  For Christ's sweet sake and charity!

  A little of thy steadfastness,
  Rounded with leafy gracefulness,
  Old oak, give me,--
  That the world's blasts may round me blow,
  And I yield gently to and fro,
  While my stout-hearted trunk below
  And firm-set roots unshaken be.

  Some of thy stern, unyielding might,
  Enduring still through day and night
  Rude tempest-shock and withering blight,--
  That I may keep at bay
  The changeful April sky of chance
  And the strong tide of circumstance,--
  Give me, old granite gray.

  Some of thy pensiveness serene,
  Some of thy never-dying green,
  Put in this scrip of mine,--
  That griefs may fall like snow-flakes light,
  And deck me in a robe of white,
  Ready to be an angel bright,--
  O sweetly-mournful pine.

  A little of thy merriment,
  Of thy sparkling, light content,
  Give me, my cheerful brook,--
  That I may still be full of glee
  And gladsomeness, where'er I be,
  Though fickle fate hath prisoned me
  In some neglected nook.

  Ye have been very kind and good
  To me, since I've been in the wood;
  Ye have gone nigh to fill my heart;
  But good-bye, kind friends, every one,
  I've far to go ere set of sun;
  Of all good things I would have part,
  The day was high ere I could start,
  And so my journey's scarce begun.

  Heaven help me! how could I forget
  To beg of thee, dear violet!
  Some of thy modesty,
  That blossoms here as well, unseen,
  As if before the world thou'dst been,
  O, give, to strengthen me.

    1839.




            MY LOVE.


                I.

  Not as all other women are
  Is she that to my soul is dear;
  Her glorious fancies come from far,
  Beneath the silver evening-star,
  And yet her heart is ever near.


               II.

  Great feelings hath she of her own,
  Which lesser souls may never know;
  God giveth them to her alone,
  And sweet they are as any tone
  Wherewith the wind may choose to blow.


               III.

  Yet in herself she dwelleth not,
  Although no home were half so fair;
  No simplest duty is forgot,
  Life hath no dim and lowly spot
  That doth not in her sunshine share.


               IV.

  She doeth little kindnesses,
  Which most leave undone, or despise;
  For naught that sets one heart at ease,
  And giveth happiness or peace,
  Is low-esteemèd in her eyes.


                V.

  She hath no scorn of common things,
  And, though she seem of other birth,
  Round us her heart entwines and clings,
  And patiently she folds her wings
  To tread the humble paths of earth.


               VI.

  Blessing she is: God made her so,
  And deeds of weekday holiness
  Fall from her noiseless as the snow,
  Nor hath she ever chanced to know
  That aught were easier than to bless.


              VII.

  She is most fair, and thereunto
  Her life doth rightly harmonize;
  Feeling or thought that was not true
  Ne'er made less beautiful the blue
  Unclouded heaven of her eyes.


             VIII.

  She is a woman: one in whom
  The spring-time of her childish years
  Hath never lost its fresh perfume,
  Though knowing well that life hath room
  For many blights and many tears.


               IX.

  I love her with a love as still
  As a broad river's peaceful might,
  Which, by high tower and lowly mill,
  Goes wandering at its own will,
  And yet doth ever flow aright.


                X.

  And, on its full, deep breast serene,
  Like quiet isles my duties lie;
  It flows around them and between,
  And makes them fresh and fair and green,
  Sweet homes wherein to live and die.

    1840.




              SUMMER STORM.


      Untremulous in the river clear,
  Toward the sky's image, hangs the imaged bridge
      So still the air that I can hear
  The slender clarion of the unseen midge;
      Out of the stillness, with a gathering creep,
  Like rising wind in leaves, which now decreases,
  Now lulls, now swells, and all the while increases,
    The huddling trample of a drove of sheep
  Tilts the loose planks, and then as gradually ceases
    In dust on the other side; life's emblem deep,
  A confused noise between two silences,
  Finding at last in dust precarious peace.
  On the wide marsh the purple-blossomed grasses
    Soak up the sunshine; sleeps the brimming tide
  Save when the wedge-shaped wake in silence passes
    Of some slow water-rat, whose sinuous glide
    Wavers the long green sedge's shade from side to side;
  But up the west, like a rock-shivered surge,
    Climbs a great cloud edged with sun-whitened spray;
  Huge whirls of foam boil toppling o'er its verge,
    And falling still it seems, and yet it climbs alway.

      Suddenly all the sky is hid
      As with the shutting of a lid,
    One by one great drops are falling
        Doubtful and slow,
  Down the pane they are crookedly crawling,
        And the wind breathes low;
  Slowly the circles widen on the river,
    Widen and mingle, one and all;
  Here and there the slenderer flowers shiver,
    Struck by an icy rain-drop's fall.

  Now on the hills I hear the thunder mutter,
      The wind is gathering in the west;
  The upturned leaves first whiten and flutter,
      Then droop to a fitful rest;
  Up from the stream with sluggish flap
    Struggles the gull and floats away;
  Nearer and nearer rolls the thunder-clap,--
    We shall not see the sun go down to-day:
  Now leaps the wind on the sleepy marsh,
    And tramples the grass with terrified feet,
  The startled river turns leaden and harsh.
    You can hear the quick heart of the tempest beat.

      Look! look! that livid flash!
  And instantly follows the rattling thunder,
  As if some cloud-crag, split asunder,
      Fell, splintering with a ruinous crash,
  On the Earth, which crouches in silence under;
    And now a solid gray wall of rain
  Shuts off the landscape, mile by mile;
    For a breath's space I see the blue wood again,
  And, ere the next heart-beat, the wind-hurled pile,
    That seemed but now a league aloof,
    Bursts crackling o'er the sun-parched roof;
  Against the windows the storm comes dashing,
  Through tattered foliage the hail tears crashing,
        The blue lightning flashes,
        The rapid hail clashes,
      The white waves are tumbling,
        And, in one baffled roar,
      Like the toothless sea mumbling
        A rock-bristled shore,
      The thunder is rumbling
      And crashing and crumbling,--
    Will silence return never more?

        Hush! Still as death,
        The tempest holds his breath
      As from a sudden will;
    The rain stops short, but from the eaves
    You see it drop, and hear it from the leaves,
      All is so bodingly still;
        Again, now, now, again
    Plashes the rain in heavy gouts,
        The crinkled lightning
        Seems ever brightening,
          And loud and long
    Again the thunder shouts
          His battle-song,--
        One quivering flash,
        One wildering crash,
    Followed by silence dead and dull,
      As if the cloud, let go,
      Leapt bodily below
  To whelm the earth in one mad overthrow,
      And then a total lull.

        Gone, gone, so soon!
      No more my half-crazed fancy there
      Can shape a giant in the air,
      No more I see his streaming hair,
    The writhing portent of his form;--
        The pale and quiet moon
      Makes her calm forehead bare,
    And the last fragments of the storm,
  Like shattered rigging from a fight at sea,
  Silent and few, are drifting over me.

    1839.




                    LOVE.


  True Love is but a humble, low-born thing,
  And hath its food served up in earthen ware;
  It is a thing to walk with, hand in hand,
  Through the everydayness of this work-day world,
  Baring its tender feet to every roughness,
  Yet letting not one heart-beat go astray
  From Beauty's law of plainness and content.
  A simple, fireside thing, whose quiet smile
  Can warm earth's poorest hovel to a home;
  Which, when our autumn cometh, as it must,
  And life in the chill wind shivers bare and leafless,
  Shall still be blest with Indian-summer youth
  In bleak November, and, with thankful heart,
  Smile on its ample stores of garnered fruit,
  As full of sunshine to our aged eyes
  As when it nursed the blossoms of our spring.
  Such is true Love, which steals into the heart
  With feet as silent as the lightsome dawn
  That kisses smooth the rough brows of the dark,
  And hath its will through blissful gentleness,--
  Not like a rocket, which, with savage glare,
  Whirrs suddenly up, then bursts, and leaves the night
  Painfully quivering on the dazèd eyes;
  A love that gives and takes, that seeth faults,
  Not with flaw-seeking eyes like needle points,
  But loving-kindly ever looks them down
  With the o'ercoming faith of meek forgiveness;
  A love that shall be new and fresh each hour,
  As is the golden mystery of sunset,
  Or the sweet coming of the evening star,
  Alike, and yet most unlike, every day,
  And seeming ever best and fairest _now_;
  A love that doth not kneel for what it seeks,
  But faces Truth and Beauty as their peer,
  Showing its worthiness of noble thoughts
  By a clear sense of inward nobleness;
  A love that in its object findeth not
  All grace and beauty, and enough to sate
  Its thirst of blessing, but, in all of good
  Found there, it sees but Heaven-granted types
  Of good and beauty in the soul of man,
  And traces, in the simplest heart that beats,
  A family-likeness to its chosen one,
  That claims of it the rights of brotherhood.
  For love is blind but with the fleshly eye,
  That so its inner sight may be more clear;
  And outward shows of beauty only so
  Are needful at the first, as is a hand
  To guide and to uphold an infant's steps:
  Great spirits need them not: their earnest look
  Pierces the body's mask of thin disguise,
  And beauty ever is to them revealed,
  Behind the unshapeliest, meanest lump of clay,
  With arms outstretched and eager face ablaze,
  Yearning to be but understood and loved.

    1840.




          TO PERDITA, SINGING.


  Thy voice is like a fountain,
    Leaping up in clear moonshine;
  Silver, silver, ever mounting,
      Ever sinking,
      Without thinking,
    To that brimful heart of thine.

  Every sad and happy feeling,
  Thou hast had in bygone years,
  Through thy lips come stealing, stealing,
        Clear and low;
    All thy smiles and all thy tears
      In thy voice awaken,
      And sweetness, wove of joy and woe,
        From their teaching it hath taken
    Feeling and music move together,
    Like a swan and shadow ever
    Heaving on a sky-blue river
    In a day of cloudless weather.

    It hath caught a touch of sadness,
        Yet it is not sad;
    It hath tones of clearest gladness,
        Yet it is not glad;
  A dim, sweet, twilight voice it is
    Where to-day's accustomed blue
  Is over-grayed with memories,
    With starry feelings quivered through.

    Thy voice is like a fountain
  Leaping up in sunshine bright,
    And I never weary counting
  Its clear droppings, lone and single,
  Or when in one full gush they mingle,
    Shooting in melodious light.

    Thine is music such as yields
    Feelings of old brooks and fields,
    And, around this pent-up room,
    Sheds a woodland, free perfume;
      O, thus forever sing to me!
        O, thus forever!
  The green, bright grass of childhood bring to me,
    Flowing like an emerald river,
    And the bright blue skies above!
    O, sing them back, as fresh as ever,
    Into the bosom of my love,--
    The sunshine and the merriment,
    The unsought, evergreen content,
      Of that never cold time,
    The joy, that, like a clear breeze, went
      Through and through the old time!

    Peace sits within thine eyes,
    With white hands crossed in joyful rest,
    While, through thy lips and face, arise
    The melodies from out thy breast;
        She sits and sings,
        With folded wings
        And white arms crost,
     "Weep not for passed things,
        They are not lost:
    The beauty which the summer time
    O'er thine opening spirit shed,
    The forest oracles sublime
    That filled thy soul with joyous dread,
    The scent of every smallest flower
    That made thy heart sweet for an hour,--
    Yea, every holy influence,
    Flowing to thee, thou knewest not whence,
    In thine eyes to-day is seen,
    Fresh as it hath ever been;
    Promptings of Nature, beckonings sweet,
    Whatever led thy childish feet,
    Still will linger unawares
    The guiders of thy silver hairs;
    Every look and every word
    Which thou givest forth to-day,
    Tell of the singing of the bird
    Whose music stilled thy boyish play."

    Thy voice is like a fountain,
    Twinkling up in sharp starlight,
    When the moon behind the mountain
    Dims the low East with faintest white,
        Ever darkling,
        Ever sparkling,
    We know not if 'tis dark or bright;
  But, when the great moon hath rolled round,
    And, sudden-slow, its solemn power
  Grows from behind its black, clear-edged bound,
    No spot of dark the fountain keepeth,
    But, swift as opening eyelids, leapeth
    Into a waving silver flower.

    1841.




            THE MOON.


    My soul was like the sea,
    Before the moon was made,
  Moaning in vague immensity,
    Of its own strength afraid,
    Unrestful and unstaid.

  Through every rift it foamed in vain,
    About its earthly prison,
  Seeking some unknown thing in pain,
  And sinking restless back again,
    For yet no moon had risen:
  Its only voice a vast dumb moan,
    Of utterless anguish speaking,
  It lay unhopefully alone,
    And lived but in an aimless seeking.

  So was my soul; but when'twas full
    Of unrest to o'erloading,
  A voice of something beautiful
    Whispered a dim foreboding,
  And yet so soft, so sweet, so low,
  It had not more of joy than woe;
  And, as the sea doth oft lie still,
    Making its waters meet,
  As if by an unconscious will,
    For the moon's silver feet,
  So lay my soul within mine eyes
  When thou, its guardian moon, didst rise.
  And now, howe'er its waves above
    May toss and seem uneaseful,
  One strong, eternal law of Love,
    With guidance sure and peaceful,
  As calm and natural as breath,
  Moves its great deeps through life and death.




          REMEMBERED MUSIC.

             A FRAGMENT.


  Thick-rushing, like an ocean vast
    Of bisons the far prairie shaking,
  The notes crowd heavily and fast
  As surfs, one plunging while the last
    Draws seaward from its foamy breaking.

  Or in low murmurs they began,
    Rising and rising momently,
  As o'er a harp Æolian
  A fitful breeze, until they ran
    Up to a sudden ecstasy.

  And then, like minute drops of rain
    Ringing in water silvery,
  They lingering dropped and dropped again,
  Till it was almost like a pain
    To listen when the next would be.

    1840.




                  SONG.

                 TO M. L.


  A lily thou wast when I saw thee first,
    A lily-bud not opened quite,
    That hourly grew more pure and white,
  By morning, and noontide, and evening nursed:
    In all of nature thou hadst thy share;
      Thou wast waited on
      By the wind and sun;
    The rain and the dew for thee took care;
    It seemed thou never couldst be more fair.

  A lily thou wast when I saw thee first,
    A lily-bud; but O, how strange,
    How full of wonder was the change,
  When, ripe with all sweetness, thy full bloom burst!
    How did the tears to my glad eyes start,
      When the woman-flower
      Reached its blossoming hour,
  And I saw the warm deeps of thy golden heart!

  Glad death may pluck thee, but never before
    The gold dust of thy bloom divine
    Hath dropped from thy heart into mine,
  To quicken its faint germs of heavenly lore;
    For no breeze comes nigh thee but carries away
      Some impulses bright
      Of fragrance and light,
  Which fall upon souls that are lone and astray,
  To plant fruitful hopes of the flower of day.




                ALLEGRA.


  I would more natures were like thine,
    That never casts a glance before,--
  Thou Hebe, who thy heart's bright wine
    So lavishly to all dost pour,
  That we who drink forget to pine,
    And can but dream of bliss in store.

  Thou canst not see a shade in life;
    With sunward instinct thou dost rise,
  And, leaving clouds below at strife,
    Gazest undazzled at the skies,
  With all their blazing splendors rife,
    A songful lark with eagle's eyes.

  Thou wast some foundling whom the Hours
    Nursed, laughing, with the milk of Mirth;
  Some influence more gay than ours
    Hath ruled thy nature from its birth,
  As if thy natal stars were flowers
    That shook their seeds round thee on earth.

  And thou, to lull thine infant rest,
    Wast cradled like an Indian child;
  All pleasant winds from south and west
    With lullabies thine ears beguiled,
  Rocking thee in thine oriole's nest,
    Till Nature looked at thee and smiled.

  Thine every fancy seems to borrow
    A sunlight from thy childish years,
  Making a golden cloud of sorrow,
    A hope-lit rainbow out of tears,--
  Thy heart is certain of to-morrow,
    Though 'yond to-day it never peers.

  I would more natures were like thine,
    So innocently wild and free,
  Whose sad thoughts, even, leap and shine,
    Like sunny wavelets in the sea,
  Making us mindless of the brine,
    In gazing on the brilliancy.




    THE FOUNTAIN.


  Into the sunshine,
    Full of the light,
  Leaping and flashing
    From morn till night!

  Into the moonlight,
    Whiter than snow,
  Waving so flower-like
    When the winds blow!

  Into the starlight,
    Rushing in spray,
  Happy at midnight,
    Happy by day!

  Ever in motion,
    Blithesome and cheery.
  Still climbing heavenward,
    Never aweary;--

  Glad of all weathers,
    Still seeming best,
  Upward or downward,
    Motion thy rest;--

  Full of a nature
    Nothing can tame,
  Changed every moment,
    Ever the same;--

  Ceaseless aspiring,
    Ceaseless content,
  Darkness or sunshine
    Thy element;--

  Glorious fountain!
    Let my heart be
  Fresh, changeful, constant,
    Upward, like thee!




                       ODE.


                        I.

  In the old days of awe and keen-eyed wonder,
    The Poet's song with blood-warm truth was rife;
  He saw the mysteries which circle under
    The outward shell and skin of daily life.
  Nothing to him were fleeting time and fashion,
    His soul was led by the eternal law;
  There was in him no hope of fame, no passion,
    But, with calm, god-like eyes, he only saw.
  He did not sigh o'er heroes dead and buried,
    Chief-mourner at the Golden Age's hearse,
  Nor deem that souls whom Charon grim had ferried
    Alone were fitting themes of epic verse:
  He could believe the promise of to-morrow,
    And feel the wondrous meaning of to-day;
  He had a deeper faith in holy sorrow
    Than the world's seeming loss could take away.
  To know the heart of all things was his duty,
    All things did sing to him to make him wise,
  And, with a sorrowful and conquering beauty,
    The soul of all looked grandly from his eyes.
  He gazed on all within him and without him,
    He watched the flowing of Time's steady tide,
  And shapes of glory floated all about him
    And whispered to him, and he prophesied.
  Than all men he more fearless was and freer,
    And all his brethren cried with one accord,--
  "Behold the holy man! Behold the Seer!
    Him who hath spoken with the unseen Lord!"
  He to his heart with large embrace had taken
    The universal sorrow of mankind,
  And, from that root, a shelter never shaken,
    The tree of wisdom grew with sturdy rind.
  He could interpret well the wondrous voices
    Which to the calm and silent spirit come;
  He knew that the One Soul no more rejoices
    In the star's anthem than the insect's hum.
  He in his heart was ever meek and humble,
    And yet with kingly pomp his numbers ran,
  As he foresaw how all things false should crumble
    Before the free, uplifted soul of man:
  And, when he was made full to overflowing
    With all the loveliness of heaven and earth,
  Out rushed his song, like molten iron glowing,
    To show God sitting by the humblest hearth.
  With calmest courage he was ever ready
    To teach that action was the truth of thought,
  And, with strong arm and purpose firm and steady,
    An anchor for the drifting world he wrought.
  So did he make the meanest man partaker
    Of all his brother-gods unto him gave;
  All souls did reverence him and name him Maker,
    And when he died heaped temples on his grave.
  And still his deathless words of light are swimming
    Serene throughout the great, deep infinite
  Of human soul, unwaning and undimming,
    To cheer and guide the mariner at night.


                        II.

  But now the Poet is an empty rhymer
    Who lies with idle elbow on the grass,
  And fits his singing, like a cunning timer,
    To all men's prides and fancies as they pass.
  Not his the song, which, in its metre holy,
    Chimes with the music of the eternal stars,
  Humbling the tyrant, lifting up the lowly,
    And sending sun through the soul's prison-bars.
  Maker no more,--O, no! unmaker rather,
    For he unmakes who doth not all put forth
  The power given by our loving Father
    To show the body's dross, the spirit's worth.
  Awake! great spirit of the ages olden!
    Shiver the mists that hide thy starry lyre,
  And let man's soul be yet again beholden
    To thee for wings to soar to her desire.
  O, prophesy no more to-morrow's splendor,
    Be no more shame-faced to speak out for Truth,
  Lay on her altar all the gushings tender,
    The hope, the fire, the loving faith of youth!
  O, prophesy no more the Maker's coming,
    Say not his onward footsteps thou canst hear
  In the dim void, like to the awful humming
    Of the great wings of some new-lighted sphere.
  O, prophesy no more, but be the Poet!
    This longing was but granted unto thee
  That, when all beauty thou couldst feel and know it,
    That beauty in its highest thou couldst be.
  O, thou who moanest tost with sea-like longings,
    Who dimly hearest voices call on thee,
  Whose soul is overfilled with mighty throngings
    Of love, and fear, and glorious agony,
  Thou of the toil-strung hands and iron sinews
    And soul by Mother-Earth with freedom fed,
  In whom the hero-spirit yet continues,
    The old free nature is not chained or dead,
  Arouse! let thy soul break in music-thunder,
    Let loose the ocean that is in thee pent,
  Pour forth thy hope, thy fear, thy love, thy wonder
    And tell the age what all its signs have meant,
  Where'er thy wildered crowd of brethren jostles,
    Where'er there lingers but a shade of wrong,
  There still is need of martyrs and apostles,
    There still are texts for never-dying song:
  From age to age man's still aspiring spirit
    Finds wider scope and sees with clearer eyes,
  And thou in larger measure dost inherit
    What made thy great forerunners free and wise.
  Sit thou enthroned where the Poet's mountain
    Above the thunder lifts its silent peak,
  And roll thy songs down like a gathering fountain,
    That all may drink and find the rest they seek.
  Sing! there shall silence grow in earth and heaven,
    A silence of deep awe and wondering;
  For, listening gladly, bend the angels, even,
    To hear a mortal like an angel sing.


                       III.

  Among the toil-worn poor my soul is seeking
    For one to bring the Maker's name to light,
  To be the voice of that almighty speaking
    Which every age demands to do it right.
  Proprieties our silken bards environ;
    He who would be the tongue of this wide land
  Must string his harp with chords of sturdy iron
    And strike it with a toil-embrownèd hand;
  One who hath dwelt with Nature well-attended,
    Who hath learnt wisdom from her mystic books,
  Whose soul with all her countless lives hath blended,
    So that all beauty awes us in his looks;
  Who not with body's waste his soul hath pampered,
    Who as the clear northwestern wind is free,
  Who walks with Form's observances unhampered,
    And follows the One Will obediently;
  Whose eyes, like windows on a breezy summit,
    Control a lovely prospect every way;
  Who doth not sound God's sea with earthly plummet,
    And find a bottom still of worthless clay;
  Who heeds not how the lower gusts are working,
    Knowing that one sure wind blows on above,
  And sees, beneath the foulest faces lurking,
    One God-built shrine of reverence and love;
  Who sees all stars that wheel their shining marches
    Around the centre fixed of Destiny,
  Where the encircling soul serene o'erarches
    The moving globe of being like a sky;
  Who feels that God and Heaven's great deeps are nearer
    Him to whose heart his fellow-man is nigh,
  Who doth not hold his soul's own freedom dearer
    Than that of all his brethren, low or high;
  Who to the Right can feel himself the truer
    For being gently patient with the wrong,
  Who sees a brother in the evil-doer,
    And finds in Love the heart's-blood of his song;--
  This, this is he for whom the world is waiting
    To sing the beatings of its mighty heart,
  Too long hath it been patient with the grating
    Of scrannel-pipes, and heard it misnamed Art.
  To him the smiling soul of man shall listen,
    Laying awhile its crown of thorns aside,
  And once again in every eye shall glisten
    The glory of a nature satisfied.
  His verse shall have a great, commanding motion,
    Heaving and swelling with a melody
  Learnt of the sky, the river, and the ocean,
    And all the pure, majestic things that be.
  Awake, then, thou! we pine for thy great presence
    To make us feel the soul once more sublime,
  We are of far too infinite an essence
    To rest contented with the lies of Time.
  Speak out! and, lo! a hush of deepest wonder
    Shall sink o'er all this many-voicèd scene,
  As when a sudden burst of rattling thunder
    Shatters the blueness of a sky serene.

    1841.




            THE FATHERLAND.


  Where is the true man's fatherland?
    Is it where he by chance is born?
    Doth not the yearning spirit scorn
  In such scant borders to be spanned?
  O, yes! his fatherland must be
  As the blue heaven wide and free!

  Is it alone where freedom is,
    Where God is God and man is man?
    Doth he not claim a broader span
  For the soul's love of home than this?
  O, yes! his fatherland must be
  As the blue heaven wide and free!

  Where'er a human heart doth wear
    Joy's myrtle-wreath or sorrow's gyves,
    Where'er a human spirit strives
  After a life more true and fair,
  There is the true man's birthplace grand,
  His is a world-wide fatherland!

  Where'er a single slave doth pine,
    Where'er one man may help another,--
    Thank God for such a birthright, brother,--
  That spot of earth is thine and mine!
  There is the true man's birthplace grand,
  His is a world-wide fatherland!




               THE FORLORN.


  The night is dark, the stinging sleet,
    Swept by the bitter gusts of air,
  Drives whistling down the lonely street,
    And stiffens on the pavement bare.

  The street-lamps flare and struggle dim
    Through the white sleet-clouds as they pass,
  Or, governed by a boisterous whim,
    Drop down and rattle on the glass.

  One poor, heart-broken, outcast girl
    Faces the east-wind's searching flaws,
  And, as about her heart they whirl,
    Her tattered cloak more tightly draws.

  The flat brick walls look cold and bleak,
    Her bare feet to the sidewalk freeze;
  Yet dares she not a shelter seek,
    Though faint with hunger and disease.

  The sharp storm cuts her forehead bare,
    And, piercing through her garments thin,
  Beats on her shrunken breast, and there
    Makes colder the cold heart within.

  She lingers where a ruddy glow
    Streams outward through an open shutter,
  Adding more bitterness to woe,
    More loneness to desertion utter.

  One half the cold she had not felt,
    Until she saw this gush of light
  Spread warmly forth, and seem to melt
    Its slow way through the deadening night.

  She hears a woman's voice within,
    Singing sweet words her childhood knew,
  And years of misery and sin
    Furl off, and leave her heaven blue.

  Her freezing heart, like one who sinks
    Outwearied in the drifting snow,
  Drowses to deadly sleep and thinks
    No longer of its hopeless woe:

  Old fields, and clear blue summer days,
    Old meadows, green with grass and trees
  That shimmer through the trembling haze
    And whiten in the western breeze,--

  Old faces,--all the friendly past
    Rises within her heart again,
  And sunshine from her childhood cast
    Makes summer of the icy rain.

  Enhaloed by a mild, warm glow,
    From all humanity apart,
  She hears old footsteps wandering slow
    Through the lone chambers of her heart.

  Outside the porch before the door,
    Her cheek upon the cold, hard stone,
  She lies, no longer foul and poor,
    No longer dreary and alone.

  Next morning something heavily
    Against the opening door did weigh,
  And there, from sin and sorrow free,
    A woman on the threshold lay.

  A smile upon the wan lips told
    That she had found a calm release,
  And that, from out the want and cold,
    The song had borne her soul in peace.

  For, whom the heart of man shuts out,
    Sometimes the heart of God takes in,
  And fences them all round about
    With silence mid the world's loud din;

  And one of his great charities
    Is Music, and it doth not scorn
  To close the lids upon the eyes
    Of the polluted and forlorn;

  Far was she from her childhood's home,
    Farther in guilt had wandered thence,
  Yet thither it had bid her come
    To die in maiden innocence.

    1842.




              MIDNIGHT.


  The moon shines white and silent
    On the mist, which, like a tide
  Of some enchanted ocean,
    O'er the wide marsh doth glide,
  Spreading its ghost-like billows
    Silently far and wide.

  A vague and starry magic
    Makes all things mysteries,
  And lures the earth's dumb spirit
    Up to the longing skies,--
  I seem to hear dim whispers,
    And tremulous replies.

  The fireflies o'er the meadow
    In pulses come and go;
  The elm-trees' heavy shadow
    Weighs on the grass below;
  And faintly from the distance
    The dreaming cock doth crow.

  All things look strange and mystic,
    The very bushes swell
  And take wild shapes and motions,
    As if beneath a spell,--
  They seem not the same lilacs
    From childhood known so well.

  The snow of deepest silence
    O'er everything doth fall,
  So beautiful and quiet,
    And yet so like a pall,--
  As if all life were ended,
    And rest were come to all.

  O wild and wondrous midnight,
    There is a might in thee
  To make the charmèd body
    Almost like spirit be,
  And give it some faint glimpses
    Of immortality!

    1842.




              A PRAYER.


  God! do not let my loved one die,
    But rather wait until the time
  That I am grown in purity
    Enough to enter thy pure clime
  Then take me, I will gladly go,
    So that my love remain below!

  O, let her stay! She is by birth
    What I through death must learn to be,
  We need her more on our poor earth,
    Than thou canst need in heaven with thee;
  She hath her wings already, I
  Must burst this earth-shell ere I fly.

  Then, God, take me! We shall be near,
    More near than ever, each to each:
  Her angel ears will find more clear
    My heavenly than my earthly speech;
  And still, as I draw nigh to thee,
  Her soul and mine shall closer be.

    1841.




            THE HERITAGE.


  The rich man's son inherits lands,
    And piles of brick, and stone, and gold,
  And he inherits soft white hands,
    And tender flesh that fears the cold,
    Nor dares to wear a garment old;
  A heritage, it seems to me,
  One scarce would wish to hold in fee.

  The rich man's son inherits cares;
    The bank may break, the factory burn,
  A breath may burst his bubble shares,
    And soft white hands could hardly earn
    A living that would serve his turn;
  A heritage, it seems to me,
  One scarce would wish to hold in fee.

  The rich man's son inherits wants,
    His stomach craves for dainty fare;
  With sated heart, he hears the pants
    Of toiling hinds with brown arms bare,
    And wearies in his easy chair;
  A heritage, it seems to me,
  One scarce would wish to hold in fee.

  What doth the poor man's son inherit?
    Stout muscles and a sinewy heart,
  A hardy frame, a hardier spirit;
    King of two hands, he does his part
    In every useful toil and art;
  A heritage, it seems to me,
  A king might wish to hold in fee.

  What doth the poor man's son inherit?
    Wishes o'erjoyed with humble things,
  A rank adjudged by toil-won merit,
    Content that from employment springs,
    A heart that in his labor sings;
  A heritage, it seems to me,
  A king might wish to hold in fee.

  What doth the poor man's son inherit?
    A patience learned of being poor,
  Courage, if sorrow come, to bear it,
    A fellow-feeling that is sure
    To make the outcast bless his door;
  A heritage, it seems to me,
  A king might wish to hold in fee.

  O, rich man's son! there is a toil,
    That with all others level stands;
  Large charity doth never soil,
    But only whiten, soft white hands,--
    This is the best crop from thy lands;
  A heritage, it seems to be,
  Worth being rich to hold in fee.

  O, poor man's son! scorn not thy state;
    There is worse weariness than thine,
  In merely being rich and great;
    Toil only gives the soul to shine,
    And makes rest fragrant and benign,
  A heritage, it seems to me,
  Worth being poor to hold in fee.

  Both, heirs to some six feet of sod,
    Are equal in the earth at last;
  Both, children of the same dear God,
    Prove title to your heirship vast
    By record of a well-filled past;
  A heritage, it seems to me,
  Well worth a life to hold in fee.




          THE ROSE: A BALLAD.


                  I.

  In his tower sat the poet
    Gazing on the roaring sea,
  "Take this rose," he sighed, "and throw it
    Where there's none that loveth me.
  On the rock the billow bursteth
    And sinks back into the seas,
  But in vain my spirit thirsteth
    So to burst and be at ease.
  Take, O, sea! the tender blossom
    That hath lain against my breast;
  On thy black and angry bosom
    It will find a surer rest.
  Life is vain, and love is hollow,
    Ugly death stands there behind,
  Hate and scorn and hunger follow
    Him that toileth for his kind."
  Forth into the night he hurled it,
    And with bitter smile did mark
  How the surly tempest whirled it
    Swift into the hungry dark.
  Foam and spray drive back to leeward,
    And the gale, with dreary moan,
  Drifts the helpless blossom seaward,
    Through the breakers all alone.


                 II.

  Stands a maiden, on the morrow,
    Musing by the wave-beat strand,
  Half in hope and half in sorrow,
    Tracing words upon the sand:
  "Shall I ever then behold him
    Who hath been my life so long,--
  Ever to this sick heart fold him,--
    Be the spirit of his song?
  Touch not, sea, the blessed letters
    I have traced upon thy shore,
  Spare his name whose spirit fetters
    Mine with love forevermore!"
  Swells the tide and overflows it,
    But, with omen pure and meet,
  Brings a little rose, and throws it
    Humbly at the maiden's feet.
  Full of bliss she takes the token,
    And, upon her snowy breast,
  Soothes the ruffled petals broken
    With the ocean's fierce unrest.
  "Love is thine, O heart! and surely
    Peace shall also be thine own,
  For the heart that trusteth purely
    Never long can pine alone."


                III.

  In his tower sits the poet,
    Blisses new and strange to him
  Fill his heart and overflow it
    With a wonder sweet and dim.
  Up the beach the ocean slideth
    With a whisper of delight,
  And the noon in silence glideth
    Through the peaceful blue of night.
  Rippling o'er the poet's shoulder
    Flows a maiden's golden hair,
  Maiden-lips, with love grown bolder,
    Kiss his moon-lit forehead bare.
  "Life is joy, and love is power,
    Death all fetters doth unbind,
  Strength and wisdom only flower
    When we toil for all our kind.
  Hope is truth,--the future giveth
    More than present takes away,
  And the soul forever liveth
    Nearer God from day to day."
  Not a word the maiden uttered,
    Fullest hearts are slow to speak,
  But a withered rose-leaf fluttered
    Down upon the poet's cheek.

    1842.




            A LEGEND OF BRITTANY.

                PART FIRST.


                      I.

  Fair as a summer dream was Margaret,--
    Such dream as in a poet's soul might start,
  Musing of old loves while the moon doth set:
    Her hair was not more sunny than her heart,
  Though like a natural golden coronet
    It circled her dear head with careless art,
  Mocking the sunshine, that would fain have lent
  To its frank grace a richer ornament.


                     II.

  His loved one's eyes could poet ever speak,
    So kind, so dewy, and so deep were hers,--
  But, while he strives, the choicest phrase, too weak
    Their glad reflection in his spirit blurs;
  As one may see a dream dissolve and break
    Out of his grasp when he to tell it stirs,
  Like that sad Dryad doomed no more to bless
  The mortal who revealed her loveliness.


                    III.

  She dwelt forever in a region bright,
    Peopled with living fancies of her own,
  Where naught could come but visions of delight,
    Far, far aloof from earth's eternal moan:
  A summer cloud thrilled through with rosy light,
    Floating beneath the blue sky all alone,
  Her spirit wandered by itself, and won
  A golden edge from some unsetting sun.


                     IV.

  The heart grows richer that its lot is poor,--
    God blesses want with larger sympathies,--
  Love enters gladliest at the humble door,
    And makes the cot a palace with his eyes;
  So Margaret's heart a softer beauty wore,
    And grew in gentleness and patience wise,
  For she was but a simple herdsman's child,
  A lily chance-sown in the rugged wild.


                      V.

  There was no beauty of the wood or field
    But she its fragrant bosom-secret knew,
  Nor any but to her would freely yield
    Some grace that in her soul took root and grew:
  Nature to her glowed ever new-revealed,
    All rosy fresh with innocent morning dew,
  And looked into her heart with dim, sweet eyes
  That left it full of sylvan memories.


                     VI.

  O, what a face was hers to brighten light,
    And give back sunshine with an added glow,
  To wile each moment with a fresh delight,
    And part of memory's best contentment grow!
  O, how her voice, as with an inmate's right,
    Into the strangest heart would welcome go,
  And make it sweet, and ready to become
  Of white and gracious thoughts the chosen home!


                    VII.

  None looked upon her but he straightway thought
    Of all the greenest depths of country cheer,
  And into each one's heart was freshly brought
    What was to him the sweetest time of year,
  So was her every look and motion fraught
    With out-of-door delights and forest lere:
  Not the first violet on a woodland lea
  Seemed a more visible gift of Spring than she.


                   VIII.

  Is love learned only out of poets' books?
    Is there not somewhat in the dropping flood,
  And in the nunneries of silent nooks,
    And in the murmured longing of the wood,
  That could make Margaret dream of lovelorn looks,
    And stir a thrilling mystery in her blood
  More trembly secret than Aurora's tear
  Shed in the bosom of an eglatere?


                     IX.

  Full many a sweet forewarning hath the mind,
    Full many a whispering of vague desire,
  Ere comes the nature destined to unbind
    Its virgin zone, and all its deeps inspire,--
  Low stirrings in the leaves, before the wind
    Wakes all the green strings of the forest lyre,
  Faint heatings in the calyx, ere the rose
  Its warm voluptuous breast doth all unclose.


                      X.

  Long in its dim recesses pines the spirit,
    Wildered and dark, despairingly alone;
  Though many a shape of beauty wander near it,
    And many a wild and half-remembered tone
  Tremble from the divine abyss to cheer it,
    Yet still it knows that there is only one
  Before whom it can kneel and tribute bring,
  At once a happy vassal and a king.


                     XI.

  To feel a want, yet scarce know what it is,
    To seek one nature that is always new,
  Whose glance is warmer than another's kiss,
    Whom we can bare our inmost beauty to,
  Nor feel deserted afterwards,--for this
    But with our destined co-mate we can do,--
  Such longing instinct fills the mighty scope
  Of the young soul with one mysterious hope.


                     XII.

  So Margaret's heart grew brimming with the lore
    Of love's enticing secrets; and although
  She had found none to cast it down before,
    Yet oft to Fancy's chapel she would go
  To pay her vows, and count the rosary o'er
    Of her love's promised graces:--haply so
  Miranda's hope had pictured Ferdinand
  Long ere the gaunt wave tossed him on the strand.


                    XIII.

  A new-made star that swims the lonely gloom,
    Unwedded yet and longing for the sun,
  Whose beams, the bride-gifts of the lavish groom
    Blithely to crown the virgin planet run,
  Her being was, watching to see the bloom
    Of love's fresh sunrise roofing one by one
  Its clouds with gold, a triumph-arch to be
  For him who came to hold her heart in fee.


                     XIV.

  Not far from Margaret's cottage dwelt a knight
    Of the proud Templars, a sworn celibate,
  Whose heart in secret fed upon the light
    And dew of her ripe beauty, through the grate
  Of his close vow catching what gleams he might
    Of the free heaven, and cursing--all too late--
  The cruel faith whose black walls hemmed him in,
  And turned life's crowning bliss to deadly sin.


                     XV.

  For he had met her in the wood by chance,
    And, having drunk her beauty's wildering spell,
  His heart shook like the pennon of a lance
    That quivers in a breeze's sudden swell,
  And thenceforth, in a close-enfolded trance,
    From mistily golden deep to deep he fell;
  Till earth did waver and fade far away
  Beneath the hope in whose warm arms he lay.


                    XVI.

  A dark, proud man he was, whose half-blown youth
    Had shed its blossoms even in opening,
  Leaving a few that with more winning ruth
    Trembling around grave manhood's stem might cling,
  More sad than cheery, making, in good sooth,
    Like the fringed gentian, a late autumn spring:--
  A twilight nature, braided light and gloom,
  A youth half-smiling by an open tomb.


                    XVII.

  Fair as an angel, who yet inly wore
    A wrinkled heart foreboding his near fall;
  Who saw him always wished to know him more,
    As if he were some fate's defiant thrall
  And nursed a dreaded secret at its core;
    Little he loved, but power most of all,
  And that he seemed to scorn, as one who knew
  By what foul paths men choose to crawl thereto.


                   XVIII.

  He had been noble, but some great deceit
    Had turned his better instinct to a vice:
  He strove to think the world was all a cheat,
    That power and fame were cheap at any price,
  That the sure way of being shortly great
    Was even to play life's game with loaded dice,
  Since he had tried the honest play and found
  That vice and virtue differed but in sound.


                    XIX.

  Yet Margaret's sight redeemed him for a space
    From his own thraldom; man could never be
  A hypocrite when first such maiden grace
    Smiled in upon his heart; the agony
  Of wearing all day long a lying face
    Fell lightly from him, and, a moment free,
  Erect with wakened faith his spirit stood
  And scorned the weakness of its demon-mood.


                     XX.

  Like a sweet wind-harp to him was her thought,
    Which would not let the common air come near,
  Till from its dim enchantment it had caught
    A musical tenderness that brimmed his ear
  With sweetness more ethereal than aught
    Save silver-dropping snatches that whilere
  Rained down from some sad angel's faithful harp
  To cool her fallen lover's anguish sharp.


                    XXI.

  Deep in the forest was a little dell
    High overarchèd with the leafy sweep
  Of a broad oak, through whose gnarled roots there fell
    A slender rill that sung itself asleep,
  Where its continuous toil had scooped a well
    To please the fairy folk; breathlessly deep
  The stillness was, save when the dreaming brook
  From its small urn a drizzly murmur shook.


                   XXII.

  The wooded hills sloped upward all around
    With gradual rise, and made an even rim,
  So that it seemed a mighty casque unbound
    From some huge Titan's brow to lighten him,
  Ages ago, and left upon the ground,
    Where the slow soil had mossed it to the brim,
  Till after countless centuries it grew
  Into this dell, the haunt of noontide dew.


                  XXIII.

  Dim vistas, sprinkled o'er with sun-flecked green,
    Wound through the thickset trunks on every side,
  And, toward the west, in fancy might be seen
    A gothic window in its blazing pride,
  When the low sun, two arching elms between,
    Lit up the leaves beyond, which, autumn-dyed
  With lavish hues, would into splendor start,
  Shaming the labored panes of richest art.


                   XXIV.

  Here, leaning once against the old oak's trunk,
    Mordred, for such was the young Templar's name,
  Saw Margaret come; unseen, the falcon shrunk
    From the meek dove; sharp thrills of tingling flame
  Made him forget that he was vowed a monk,
    And all the outworks of his pride o'ercame:
  Flooded he seemed with bright delicious pain,
  As if a star had burst within his brain.


                   XXV.

  Such power hath beauty and frank innocence:
    A flower bloomed forth, that sunshine glad to bless,
  Even from his love's long leafless stem; the sense
    Of exile from Hope's happy realm grew less,
  And thoughts of childish peace, he knew not whence,
    Thronged round his heart with many an old caress,
  Melting the frost there into pearly dew
  That mirrored back his nature's morning-blue.


                  XXVI.

  She turned and saw him, but she felt no dread,
    Her purity, like adamantine mail,
  Did so encircle her; and yet her head
    She drooped, and made her golden hair her veil,
  Through which a glow of rosiest lustre spread,
    Then faded, and anon she stood all pale,
  As snow o'er which a blush of northern-light
  Suddenly reddens, and as soon grows white.


                 XXVII.

  She thought of Tristrem and of Lancilot,
    Of all her dreams, and of kind fairies' might,
  And how that dell was deemed a haunted spot,
    Until there grew a mist before her sight,
  And where the present was she half forgot,
    Borne backward through the realms of old delight,--
  Then, starting up awake, she would have gone,
  Yet almost wished it might not be alone.


                XXVIII.

  How they went home together through the wood,
    And how all life seemed focussed into one
  Thought-dazzling spot that set ablaze the blood,
    What need to tell? Fit language there is none
  For the heart's deepest things. Who ever wooed
    As in his boyish hope he would have done?
  For, when the soul is fullest, the hushed tongue
  Voicelessly trembles like a lute unstrung.


                 XXIX.

  But all things carry the heart's messages
    And know it not, nor doth the heart well know,
  But nature hath her will; even as the bees,
    Blithe go-betweens, fly singing to and fro
  With the fruit-quickening pollen;--hard if these
    Found not some all unthought-of way to show
  Their secret each to each; and so they did,
  And one heart's flower-dust into the other slid.


                  XXX.

  Young hearts are free; the selfish world it is
    That turns them miserly and cold as stone,
  And makes them clutch their fingers on the bliss
    Which but in giving truly is their own;--
  She had no dreams of barter, asked not his,
    But gave hers freely as she would have thrown
  A rose to him, or as that rose gives forth
  Its generous fragrance, thoughtless of its worth.


                  XXXI.

  Her summer nature felt a need to bless,
    And a like longing to be blest again;
  So, from her sky-like spirit, gentleness
    Dropt ever like a sunlit fall of rain,
  And his beneath drank in the bright caress
    As thirstily as would a parchèd plain,
  That long hath watched the showers of sloping gray
  Forever, ever, falling far away.


                 XXXII.

  How should she dream of ill? the heart filled quite
    With sunshine, like the shepherd's-clock at noon,
  Closes its leaves around its warm delight;
    Whate'er in life is harsh or out of tune
  Is all shut out, no boding shade of light
    Can pierce the opiate ether of its swoon:
  Love is but blind as thoughtful justice is,
  But naught can be so wanton-blind as bliss.


                XXXIII.

  All beauty and all life he was to her;
    She questioned not his love, she only knew
  That she loved him, and not a pulse could stir
    In her whole frame but quivered through and through
  With this glad thought, and was a minister
    To do him fealty and service true,
  Like golden ripples hasting to the land
  To wreck their freight of sunshine on the strand.


                 XXXIV.

  O dewy dawn of love! O hopes that are
  Hung high, like the cliff-swallow's perilous nest,
  Most like to fall when fullest, and that jar
  With every heavier billow! O unrest
  Than balmiest deeps of quiet sweeter far!
  How did ye triumph now in Margaret's breast,
  Making it readier to shrink and start
  Than quivering gold of the pond-lily's heart.


                  XXXV.

  Here let us pause: O, would the soul might ever
    Achieve its immortality in youth,
  When nothing yet hath damped its high endeavor
    After the starry energy of truth!
  Here let us pause, and for a moment sever
    This gleam of sunshine from the days unruth
  That sometime come to all, for it is good
  To lengthen to the last a sunny mood.


                 PART SECOND.


                      I.

  As one who, from the sunshine and the green,
    Enters the solid darkness of a cave,
  Nor knows what precipice or pit unseen
    May yawn before him with its sudden grave,
  And, with hushed breath, doth often forward lean,
    Dreaming he hears the plashing of a wave
  Dimly below, or feels a damper air
  From out some dreary chasm, he knows not where;--


                     II.

  So, from the sunshine and the green of love,
    We enter on our story's darker part;
  And, though the horror of it well may move
    An impulse of repugnance in the heart,
  Yet let us think, that, as there's naught above
    The all-embracing atmosphere of Art,
  So also there is naught that falls below
  Her generous reach, though grimed with guilt and woe.


                     III.

  Her fittest triumph is to show that good
    Lurks in the heart of evil evermore,
  That love, though scorned, and outcast, and withstood,
    Can without end forgive, and yet have store;
  God's love and man's are of the self-same blood,
    And He can see that always at the door
  Of foulest hearts the angel-nature yet
  Knocks to return and cancel all its debt.


                     IV.

  It ever is weak falsehood's destiny
    That her thick mask turns crystal to let through
  The unsuspicious eyes of honesty;
    But Margaret's heart was too sincere and true
  Aught but plain truth and faithfulness to see,
    And Mordred's for a time a little grew
  To be like hers, won by the mild reproof
  Of those kind eyes that kept all doubt aloof.


                      V.

  Full oft they met, as dawn and twilight meet
    In northern climes; she full of growing day
  As he of darkness, which before her feet
    Shrank gradual, and faded quite away,
  Soon to return; for power had made love sweet
    To him, and, when his will had gained full sway,
  The taste began to pall; for never power
  Can sate the hungry soul beyond an hour.


                     VI.

  He fell as doth the tempter ever fall,
    Even in the gaining of his loathsome end;
  God doth not work as man works, but makes all
    The crooked paths of ill to goodness tend;
  Let him judge Margaret! If to be the thrall
    Of love, and faith too generous to defend
  Its very life from him she loved, be sin,
  What hope of grace may the seducer win?


                     VII.

  Grim-hearted world, that look'st with Levite eyes
    On those poor fallen by too much faith in man.
  She that upon thy freezing threshold lies,
    Starved to more sinning by thy savage ban,--
  Seeking that refuge because foulest vice
    More god-like than thy virtue is, whose span
  Shuts out the wretched only,--is more free
  To enter Heaven than thou wilt ever be!


                    VIII.

  Thou wilt not let her wash thy dainty feet
    With such salt things as tears, or with rude hair
  Dry them, soft Pharisee, that sit'st at meat
    With him who made her such, and speak'st him fair,
  Leaving God's wandering lamb the while to bleat
    Unheeded, shivering in the pitiless air:
  Thou hast made prisoned virtue show more wan
  And haggard than a vice to look upon.


                     IX.

  Now many months flew by, and weary grew
    To Margaret the sight of happy things;
  Blight fell on all her flowers, instead of dew;
    Shut round her heart were now the joyous wings
  Wherewith it wont to soar; yet not untrue,
    Though tempted much, her woman's nature clings
  To its first pure belief, and with sad eyes
  Looks backward o'er the gate of Paradise.


                      X.

  And so, though altered Mordred came less oft,
    And winter frowned where spring had laughed before,
  In his strange eyes, yet half her sadness doffed,
    And in her silent patience loved him more:
  Sorrow had made her soft heart yet more soft,
    And a new life within her own she bore
  Which made her tenderer, as she felt it move
  Beneath her breast, a refuge for her love.


                     XI.

  This babe, she thought, would surely bring him back,
    And be a bond forever them between;
  Before its eyes the sullen tempest-rack
    Would fade, and leave the face of heaven serene;
  And love's return doth more than fill the lack,
    Which in his absence withered the heart's green;
  And yet a dim foreboding still would flit
  Between her and her hope to darken it.


                     XII.

  She could not figure forth a happy fate,
    Even for this life from heaven so newly come;
  The earth must needs be doubly desolate
    To him scarce parted from a fairer home:
  Such boding heavier on her bosom sate
    One night, as, standing in the twilight gloam,
  She strained her eyes beyond that dizzy verge
  At whose foot faintly breaks the future's surge.


                    XIII.

  Poor little spirit! naught but shame and woe
    Nurse the sick heart whose lifeblood nurses thine:
  Yet not those only; love hath triumphed so,
    As for thy sake makes sorrow more divine:
  And yet, though thou be pure, the world is foe
    To purity, if born in such a shrine;
  And, having trampled it for struggling thence,
  Smiles to itself, and calls it Providence.


                     XIV.

  As thus she mused, a shadow seemed to rise
    From out her thought, and turn to dreariness
  All blissful hopes and sunny memories,
    And the quick blood doth curdle up and press
  About her heart, which seemed to shut its eyes
    And hush itself, as who with shuddering guess
  Harks through the gloom and dreads e'en now to feel
  Through his hot breast the icy slide of steel.


                     XV.

  But, at the heart-beat, while in dread she was,
    In the low wind the honeysuckles gleam,
  A dewy thrill flits through the heavy grass,
    And, looking forth, she saw, as in a dream,
  Within the wood the moonlight's shadowy mass:
    Night's starry heart yearning to hers doth seem,
  And the deep sky, full-hearted with the moon,
  Folds round her all the happiness of June.


                     XVI.

  What fear could face a heaven and earth like this?
    What silveriest cloud could hang 'neath such a sky?
  A tide of wondrous and unwonted bliss
    Rolls back through all her pulses suddenly,
  As if some seraph, who had learned to kiss
    From the fair daughters of the world gone by,
  Had wedded so his fallen light with hers,
  Such sweet, strange joy through soul and body stirs.


                    XVII.

  Now seek we Mordred: He who did not fear
    The crime, yet fears the latent consequence:
  If it should reach a brother Templar's ear,
    It haply might be made a good pretence
  To cheat him of the hope he held most dear;
    For he had spared no thought's or deed's expense,
  That, by-and-by might help his wish to clip
  Its darling bride,--the high grand mastership.


                    XVIII.

  The apathy, ere a crime resolved is done,
    Is scarce less dreadful than remorse for crime;
  By no allurement can the soul be won
    From brooding o'er the weary creep of time:
  Mordred stole forth into the happy sun,
    Striving to hum a scrap of Breton rhyme,
  But the sky struck him speechless, and he tried
  In vain to summon up his callous pride.


                     XIX.

  In the court-yard a fountain leaped alway,
    A Triton blowing jewels through his shell
  Into the sunshine; Mordred turned away,
    Weary because the stone face did not tell
  Of weariness, nor could he bear to-day,
    Heartsick, to hear the patient sink and swell
  Of winds among the leaves, or golden bees
  Drowsily humming in the orange-trees.


                     XX.

  All happy sights and sounds now came to him
    Like a reproach: he wandered far and wide,
  Following the lead of his unquiet whim,
    But still there went a something at his side
  That made the cool breeze hot, the sunshine dim;
    It would not flee, it could not be defied,
  He could not see it, but he felt it there,
  By the damp chill that crept among his hair.


                     XXI.

  Day wore at last; the evening star arose,
    And throbbing in the sky grew red and set;
  Then with a guilty, wavering step he goes
    To the hid nook where they so oft had met
  In happier season, for his heart well knows
    That he is sure to find poor Margaret
  Watching and waiting there with lovelorn breast
  Around her young dream's rudely scattered nest.


                    XXII.

  Why follow here that grim old chronicle
    Which counts the dagger-strokes and drops of blood?
  Enough that Margaret by his mad steel fell,
    Unmoved by murder from her trusting mood,
  Smiling on him as Heaven smiles on Hell,
    With a sad love, remembering when he stood
  Not fallen yet, the unsealer of her heart,
  Of all her holy dreams the holiest part.


                    XXIII.

  His crime complete, scarce knowing what he did,
    (So goes the tale,) beneath the altar there
  In the high church the stiffening corpse he hid,
    And then, to 'scape that suffocating air,
  Like a scared ghoul out of the porch he slid;
    But his strained eyes saw bloodspots everywhere,
  And ghastly faces thrust themselves between
  His soul and hopes of peace with blasting mien.


                    XXIV.

  His heart went out within him, like a spark
    Dropt in the sea; wherever he made bold
  To turn his eyes, he saw, all stiff and stark,
    Pale Margaret lying dead; the lavish gold
  Of her loose hair seemed in the cloudy dark
    To spread a glory, and a thousandfold
  More strangely pale and beautiful she grew:
  Her silence stabbed his conscience through and through:


                     XXV.

  Or visions of past days,--a mother's eyes
    That smiled down on the fair boy at her knee,
  Whose happy upturned face to hers replies,--
    He saw sometimes: or Margaret mournfully
  Gazed on him full of doubt, as one who tries
    To crush belief that does love injury;
  Then she would wring her hands, but soon again
  Love's patience glimmered out through cloudy pain.


                    XXVI.

  Meanwhile he dared not go and steal away
    The silent, dead-cold witness of his sin;
  He had not feared the life, but that dull clay,
    Those open eyes that showed the death within,
  Would surely stare him mad; yet all the day
    A dreadful impulse, whence his will could win
  No refuge, made him linger in the aisle,
  Freezing with his wan look each greeting smile.


                   XXVII.

  Now, on the second day there was to be
    A festival in church: from far and near
  Came flocking in the sunburnt peasantry,
    And knights and dames with stately antique cheer,
  Blazing with pomp, as if all faërie
    Had emptied her quaint halls, or, as it were,
  The illuminated marge of some old book,
  While we were gazing, life and motion took.


                   XXVIII.

  When all were entered, and the roving eyes
    Of all were staid, some upon faces bright,
  Some on the priests, some on the traceries
    That decked the slumber of a marble knight,
  And all the rustlings over that arise
    From recognizing tokens of delight,
  When friendly glances meet,--then silent ease
  Spread o'er the multitude by slow degrees.


                    XXIX.

  Then swelled the organ: up through choir and nave
    The music trembled with an inward thrill
  Of bliss at its own grandeur: wave on wave
    Its flood of mellow thunder rose, until
  The hushed air shivered with the throb it gave,
    Then, poising for a moment, it stood still,
  And sank and rose again, to burst in spray
  That wandered into silence far away.


                     XXX.

  Like to a mighty heart the music seemed,
    That yearns with melodies it cannot speak,
  Until, in grand despair of what it dreamed,
    In the agony of effort it doth break,
  Yet triumphs breaking; on it rushed and streamed
    And wantoned in its might, as when a lake,
  Long pent among the mountains, bursts its walls
  And in one crowding gush leaps forth and falls.


                     XXXI.

  Deeper and deeper shudders shook the air,
    As the huge bass kept gathering heavily,
  Like thunder when it rouses in its lair,
    And with its hoarse growl shakes the low-hung sky,
  It grew up like a darkness everywhere,
    Filling the vast cathedral;--suddenly,
  From the dense mass a boy's clear treble broke
  Like lightning, and the full-toned choir awoke.


                    XXXII.

  Through gorgeous windows shone the sun aslant,
    Brimming the church with gold and purple mist,
  Meet atmosphere to bosom that rich chant,
    Where fifty voices in one strand did twist
  Their varicolored tones, and left no want
    To the delighted soul, which sank abyssed
  In the warm music cloud, while, far below,
  The organ heaved its surges to and fro.


                    XXXIII.

  As if a lark should suddenly drop dead
    While the blue air yet trembled with its song,
  So snapped at once that music's golden thread,
    Struck by a nameless fear that leapt along
  From heart to heart, and like a shadow spread
    With instantaneous shiver through the throng,
  So that some glanced behind, as half aware
  A hideous shape of dread were standing there.


                    XXXIV.

  As when a crowd of pale men gather round,
    Watching an eddy in the leaden deep,
  From which they deem the body of one drowned
    Will be cast forth, from face to face doth creep
  An eager dread that holds all tongues fast bound
    Until the horror, with a ghastly leap,
  Starts up, its dead blue arms stretched aimlessly,
  Heaved with the swinging of the careless sea,--


                     XXXV.

  So in the faces of all these there grew,
    As by one impulse, a dark, freezing awe,
  Which, with a fearful fascination drew
    All eyes toward the altar; damp and raw
  The air grew suddenly, and no man knew
    Whether perchance his silent neighbor saw
  The dreadful thing which all were sure would rise
  To scare the strained lids wider from their eyes.


                    XXXVI.

  The incense trembled as it upward sent
    Its slow, uncertain thread of wandering blue,
  As 't were the only living element
    In all the church, so deep the stillness grew,
  It seemed one might have heard it, as it went,
    Give out an audible rustle, curling through
  The midnight silence of that awe-struck air,
  More hushed than death, though so much life was there.


                    XXXVII.

  Nothing they saw, but a low voice was heard
    Threading the ominous silence of that fear,
  Gentle and terrorless as if a bird,
    Wakened by some volcano's glare, should cheer
  The murk air with his song; yet every word
    In the cathedral's farthest arch seemed near
  As if it spoke to every one apart,
  Like the clear voice of conscience in each heart.


                   XXXVIII.

  "O Rest, to weary hearts thou art most dear!
    O Silence, after life's bewildering din,
  Thou art most welcome, whether in the sear
    Days of our age thou comest, or we win
  Thy poppy-wreath in youth! then wherefore here
    Linger I yet, once free to enter in
  At that wished gate which gentle Death doth ope,
  Into the boundless realm of strength and hope?


                    XXXIX.

  "Think not in death my love could ever cease;
    If thou wast false, more need there is for me
  Still to be true; that slumber were not peace,
    If 't were unvisited with dreams of thee:
  And thou hadst never heard such words as these,
    Save that in heaven I must ever be
  Most comfortless and wretched, seeing this
  Our unbaptizèd babe shut out from bliss.


                     XL.

  "This little spirit with imploring eyes
    Wanders alone the dreary wild of space;
  The shadow of his pain forever lies
    Upon my soul in this new dwelling-place;
  His loneliness makes me in Paradise
    More lonely, and, unless I see his face,
  Even here for grief could I lie down and die,
  Save for my curse of immortality.


                     XLI.

  "World after world he sees around him swim
    Crowded with happy souls, that take no heed
  Of the sad eyes that from the night's faint rim
    Gaze sick with longing on them as they speed
  With golden gates, that only shut out him;
    And shapes sometimes from Hell's abysses freed
  Flap darkly by him, with enormous sweep
  Of wings that roughen wide the pitchy deep.


                    XLII.

  "I am a mother,--spirits do not shake
    This much of earth from them,--and I must pine
  Till I can feel his little hands, and take
    His weary head upon this heart of mine;
  And, might it be, full gladly for his sake
    Would I this solitude of bliss resign,
  And be shut out of Heaven to dwell with him
  Forever in that silence drear and dim.


                    XLIII.

  "I strove to hush my soul, and would not speak
    At first, for thy dear sake; a woman's love
  Is mighty, but a mother's heart is weak,
    And by its weakness overcomes; I strove
  To smother bitter thoughts with patience meek,
    But still in the abyss my soul would rove,
  Seeking my child, and drove me here to claim
  The rite that gives him peace in Christ's dear name.


                    XLIV.

  "I sit and weep while blessed spirits sing;
    I can but long and pine the while they praise,
  And, leaning o'er the wall of Heaven, I fling
    My voice to where I deem my infant strays,
  Like a robbed bird that cries in vain to bring
    Her nestlings back beneath her wings' embrace;
  But still he answers not, and I but know
  That Heaven and earth are both alike in woe."


                     XLV.

  Then the pale priests, with ceremony due,
    Baptized the child within its dreadful tomb
  Beneath that mother's heart, whose instinct true
    Star-like had battled down the triple gloom
  Of sorrow, love, and death: young maidens, too,
    Strewed the pale corpse with many a milkwhite bloom,
  And parted the bright hair, and on the breast
  Crossed the unconscious hands in sign of rest.


                    XLVI.

  Some said, that, when the priest had sprinkled o'er
    The consecrated drops, they seemed to hear
  A sigh, as of some heart from travail sore
    Released, and then two voices singing clear,
  _Misereatur Deus_, more and more
    Fading far upward, and their ghastly fear
  Fell from them with that sound, as bodies fall
  From souls upspringing to celestial hall.




                    PROMETHEUS.


    One after one the stars have risen and set,
  Sparkling upon the hoarfrost on my chain:
  The Bear, that prowled all night about the fold
  Of the North-star, hath shrunk into his den,
  Scared by the blithesome footsteps of the Dawn,
  Whose blushing smile floods all the Orient;
  And now bright Lucifer grows less and less,
  Into the heaven's blue quiet deep-withdrawn.
  Sunless and starless all, the desert sky
  Arches above me, empty as this heart
  For ages hath been empty of all joy,
  Except to brood upon its silent hope,
  As o'er its hope of day the sky doth now.
  All night have I heard voices: deeper yet
  The deep low breathing of the silence grew,
  While all about, muffled in awe, there stood
  Shadows, or forms, or both, clear-felt at heart,
  But, when I turned to front them, far along
  Only a shudder through the midnight ran,
  And the dense stillness walled me closer round.
  But still I heard them wander up and down
  That solitude, and flappings of dusk wings
  Did mingle with them, whether of those hags
  Let slip upon me once from Hades deep,
  Or of yet direr torments, if such be,
  I could but guess; and then toward me came
  A shape as of a woman: very pale
  It was, and calm; its cold eyes did not move,
  And mine moved not, but only stared on them.
  Their fixed awe went through my brain like ice,
  A skeleton hand seemed clutching at my heart,
  And a sharp chill, as if a dank night fog
  Suddenly closed me in, was all I felt:
  And then, methought, I heard a freezing sigh,
  A long, deep, shivering sigh, as from blue lips
  Stiffening in death, close to mine ear. I thought
  Some doom was close upon me, and I looked
  And saw the red moon through the heavy mist,
  Just setting, and it seemed as if it were falling,
  Or reeling to its fall, so dim and dead
  And palsy-struck it looked. Then all sounds merged
  Into the rising surges of the pines,
  Which, leagues below me, clothing the gaunt loins
  Of ancient Caucasus with hairy strength,
  Sent up a murmur in the morning wind,
  Sad as the wail that from the populous earth
  All day and night to high Olympus soars,
  Fit incense to thy wicked throne, O Jove!

    Thy hated name is tossed once more in scorn
  From off my lips, for I will tell thy doom.
  And are these tears? Nay, do not triumph, Jove,
  They are wrung from me but by the agonies
  Of prophecy, like those sparse drops which fall
  From clouds in travail of the lightning, when
  The great wave of the storm high-curled and black
  Rolls steadily onward to its thunderous break.
  Why art thou made a god of, thou poor type
  Of anger, and revenge, and cunning force?
  True Power was never born of brutish Strength,
  Nor sweet Truth suckled at the shaggy dugs
  Of that old she-wolf. Are thy thunderbolts,
  That quell the darkness for a space, so strong
  As the prevailing patience of meek Light,
  Who, with the invincible tenderness of peace,
  Wins it to be a portion of herself?
  Why art thou made a god of, thou, who hast
  The never-sleeping terror at thy heart,
  That birthright of all tyrants, worse to bear
  Than this thy ravening bird on which I smile?
  Thou swear'st to free me, if I will unfold
  What kind of doom it is whose omen flits
  Across thy heart, as o'er a troop of doves
  The fearful shadow of the kite. What need
  To know that truth whose knowledge cannot save?
  Evil its errand hath, as well as Good;
  When thine is finished, thou art known no more:
  There is a higher purity than thou,
  And higher purity is greater strength;
  Thy nature is thy doom, at which thy heart
  Trembles behind the thick wall of thy might.
  Let man but hope, and thou art straightway chilled
  With thought of that drear silence and deep night
  Which, like a dream, shall swallow thee and thine:
  Let man but will, and thou art god no more,
  More capable of ruin than the gold
  And ivory that image thee on earth.
  He who hurled down the monstrous Titan-brood
  Blinded with lightnings, with rough thunders stunned,
  Is weaker than a simple human thought.
  My slender voice can shake thee, as the breeze,
  That seems but apt to stir a maiden's hair,
  Sways huge Oceanus from pole to pole:
  For I am still Prometheus, and foreknow
  In my wise heart the end and doom of all.

    Yes, I am still Prometheus, wiser grown
  By years of solitude,--that holds apart
  The past and future, giving the soul room
  To search into itself,--and long commune
  With this eternal silence;--more a god,
  In my long-suffering and strength to meet
  With equal front the direst shafts of fate,
  Than thou in thy faint-hearted despotism,
  Girt with thy baby-toys of force and wrath.
  Yes, I am that Prometheus who brought down
  The light to man, which thou, in selfish fear,
  Hadst to thyself usurped,--his by sole right,
  For Man hath right to all save Tyranny,--
  And which shall free him yet from thy frail throne.
  Tyrants are but the spawn of Ignorance,
  Begotten by the slaves they trample on,
  Who, could they win a glimmer of the light,
  And see that Tyranny is always weakness,
  Or Fear with its own bosom ill at ease,
  Would laugh away in scorn the sand-wove chain
  Which their own blindness feigned for adamant.
  Wrong ever builds on quicksands, but the Right
  To the firm centre lays its moveless base.
  The tyrant trembles, if the air but stirs
  The innocent ringlets of a child's free hair,
  And crouches, when the thought of some great spirit,
  With world-wide murmur, like a rising gale,
  Over men's hearts, as over standing corn,
  Rushes, and bends them to its own strong will.
  So shall some thought of mine yet circle earth,
  And puff away thy crumbling altars, Jove!

    And, wouldst thou know of my supreme revenge
  Poor tyrant, even now dethroned in heart,
  Realmless in soul, as tyrants ever are,
  Listen! and tell me if this bitter peak,
  This never-glutted vulture, and these chains
  Shrink not before it; for it shall befit
  A sorrow-taught, unconquered Titan-heart.
  Men, when their death is on them, seem to stand
  On a precipitous crag that overhangs
  The abyss of doom, and in that depth to see,
  As in a glass, the features dim and vast
  Of things to come, the shadows, as it seems,
  Of what have been. Death ever fronts the wise;
  Not fearfully, but with clear promises
  Of larger life, on whose broad vans upborne,
  Their out-look widens, and they see beyond
  The horizon of the Present and the Past,
  Even to the very source and end of things.
  Such am I now: immortal woe hath made
  My heart a seer, and my soul a judge
  Between the substance and the shadow of Truth.
  The sure supremeness of the Beautiful,
  By all the martyrdoms made doubly sure
  Of such as I am, this is my revenge,
  Which of my wrongs builds a triumphal arch,
  Through which I see a sceptre and a throne.
  The pipings of glad shepherds on the hills,
  Tending the flocks no more to bleed for thee,--
  The songs of maidens pressing with white feet
  The vintage on thine altars poured no more,--
  The murmurous bliss of lovers, underneath
  Dim grape-vine bowers, whose rosy bunches press
  Not half so closely their warm cheeks, unpaled
  By thoughts of thy brute lust,--the hive-like hum
  Of peaceful commonwealths, where sunburnt Toil
  Reaps for itself the rich earth made its own
  By its own labor, lightened with glad hymns
  To an omnipotence which thy mad bolts
  Would cope with as a spark with the vast sea,--
  Even the spirit of free love and peace,
  Duty's sure recompense through life and death,--
  These are such harvests as all master-spirits
  Reap, haply not on earth, but reap no less
  Because the sheaves are bound by hands not theirs;
  These are the bloodless daggers wherewithal
  They stab fallen tyrants, this their high revenge:
  For their best part of life on earth is when,
  Long after death, prisoned and pent no more,
  Their thoughts, their wild dreams even, have become
  Part of the necessary air men breathe;
  When, like the moon, herself behind a cloud,
  They shed down light before us on life's sea,
  That cheers us to steer onward still in hope.
  Earth with her twining memories ivies o'er
  Their holy sepulchres; the chainless sea,
  In tempest or wide calm, repeats their thoughts;
  The lightning and the thunder, all free things,
  Have legends of them for the ears of men.
  All other glories are as falling stars,
  But universal Nature watches theirs:
  Such strength is won by love of human kind.

    Not that I feel that hunger after fame,
  Which souls of a half-greatness are beset with;
  But that the memory of noble deeds
  Cries, shame upon the idle and the vile,
  And keeps the heart of Man forever up
  To the heroic level of old time.
  To be forgot at first is little pain
  To a heart conscious of such high intent
  As must be deathless on the lips of men;
  But, having been a name, to sink and be
  A something which the world can do without,
  Which, having been or not, would never change
  The lightest pulse of fate,--this is indeed
  A cup of bitterness the worst to taste,
  And this thy heart shall empty to the dregs.
  Endless despair shall be thy Caucasus,
  And memory thy vulture; thou wilt find
  Oblivion far lonelier than this peak,--
  Behold thy destiny! Thou think'st it much
  That I should brave thee, miserable god!
  But I have braved a mightier than thou,
  Even the tempting of this soaring heart,
  Which might have made me, scarcely less than thou,
  A god among my brethren weak and blind,--
  Scarce less than thou, a pitiable thing
  To be down-trodden into darkness soon.
  But now I am above thee, for thou art
  The bungling workmanship of fear, the block
  That awes the swart Barbarian; but I
  Am what myself have made,--a nature wise
  With finding in itself the types of all,--
  With watching from the dim verge of the time
  What things to be are visible in the gleams
  Thrown forward on them from the luminous past,--
  Wise with the history of its own frail heart,
  With reverence and sorrow, and with love,
  Broad as the world, for freedom and for man.

    Thou and all strength shall crumble, except Love,
  By whom and for whose glory, ye shall cease:
  And, when thou art but a dim moaning heard
  From out the pitiless glooms of Chaos, I
  Shall be a power and a memory,
  A name to fright all tyrants with, a light
  Unsetting as the pole-star, a great voice
  Heard in the breathless pauses of the fight
  By truth and freedom ever waged with wrong,
  Clear as a silver trumpet, to awake
  Huge echoes that from age to age live on
  In kindred spirits, giving them a sense
  Of boundless power from boundless suffering wrung:
  And many a glazing eye shall smile to see
  The memory of my triumph, (for to meet
  Wrong with endurance, and to overcome
  The present with a heart that looks beyond,
  Are triumph,) like a prophet eagle, perch
  Upon the sacred banner of the Right.
  Evil springs up, and flowers, and bears no seed,
  And feeds the green earth with its swift decay,
  Leaving it richer for the growth of truth;
  But Good, once put in action or in thought,
  Like a strong oak, doth from its boughs shed down
  The ripe germs of a forest. Thou; weak god,
  Shalt fade and be forgotten! but this soul,
  Fresh-living still in the serene abyss,
  In every heaving shall partake, that grows
  From heart to heart among the sons of men,--
  As the ominous hum before the earthquake runs
  Far through the Ægean from roused isle to isle,--
  Foreboding wreck to palaces and shrines,
  And mighty rents in many a cavernous error
  That darkens the free light to man:--This heart,
  Unscarred by thy grim vulture, as the truth
  Grows but more lovely 'neath the beaks and claws
  Of Harpies blind that fain would soil it, shall
  In all the throbbing exultations share
  That wait on freedom's triumphs, and in all
  The glorious agonies of martyr-spirits,--
  Sharp lightning-throes to split the jagged clouds
  That veil the future, showing them the end,--
  Pain's thorny crown for constancy and truth,
  Girding the temples like a wreath of stars.
  This is a thought, that, like a fabled laurel,
  Makes my faith thunder-proof; and thy dread bolts
  Fall on me like the silent flakes of snow
  On the hoar brows of aged Caucasus:
  But, O thought far more blissful, they can rend
  This cloud of flesh, and make my soul a star!

    Unleash thy crouching thunders now, O Jove!
  Free this high heart, which, a poor captive long,
  Doth knock to be let forth, this heart which still,
  In its invincible manhood, overtops
  Thy puny godship, as this mountain doth
  The pines that moss its roots. O, even now,
  While from my peak of suffering I look down,
  Beholding with a far-spread gush of hope
  The sunrise of that Beauty, in whose face,
  Shone all around with love, no man shall look
  But straightway like a god he is uplift
  Unto the throne long empty for his sake,
  And clearly oft foreshadowed in wide dreams
  By his free inward nature, which nor thou,
  Nor any anarch after thee, can bind
  From working its great doom,--now, now set free
  This essence, not to die, but to become
  Part of that awful Presence which doth haunt
  The palaces of tyrants, to hunt off,
  With its grim eyes and fearful whisperings
  And hideous sense of utter loneliness,
  All hope of safety, all desire of peace,
  All but the loathed forefeeling of blank death,--
  Part of that spirit which doth ever brood
  In patient calm on the unpilfered nest
  Of man's deep heart, till mighty thoughts grow fledged
  To sail with darkening shadow o'er the world,
  Filling with dread such souls as dare not trust
  In the unfailing energy of Good,
  Until they swoop, and their pale quarry make
  Of some o'erbloated wrong,--that spirit which
  Scatters great hopes in the seed-field of man,
  Like acorns among grain, to grow and be
  A roof for freedom in all coming time!

    But no, this cannot be; for ages yet,
  In solitude unbroken, shall I hear
  The angry Caspian to the Euxine shout,
  And Euxine answer with a muffled roar,
  On either side storming the giant walls
  Of Caucasus with leagues of climbing foam,
  (Less, from my height, than flakes of downy snow,)
  That draw back baffled but to hurl again,
  Snatched up in wrath and horrible turmoil,
  Mountain on mountain, as the Titans erst,
  My brethren, scaling the high seat of Jove,
  Heaved Pelion upon Ossa's shoulders broad
  In vain emprise. The moon will come and go
  With her monotonous vicissitude;
  Once beautiful, when I was free to walk
  Among my fellows, and to interchange
  The influence benign of loving eyes,
  But now by aged use grown wearisome;--
  False thought! most false! for how could I endure
  These crawling centuries of lonely woe
  Unshamed by weak complaining, but for thee,
  Loneliest, save me, of all created things,
  Mild-eyed Astarte, my best comforter,
  With thy pale smile of sad benignity?

    Year after year will pass away and seem
  To me, in mine eternal agony,
  But as the shadows of dumb summer clouds,
  Which I have watched so often darkening o'er
  The vast Sarmatian plain, league-wide at first,
  But, with still swiftness lessening on and on
  Till cloud and shadow meet and mingle where
  The gray horizon fades into the sky,
  Far, far to the northward. Yes, for ages yet
  Must I lie here upon my altar huge,
  A sacrifice for man. Sorrow will be,
  As it hath been, his portion; endless doom,
  While the immortal with the mortal linked
  Dreams of its wings and pines for what it dreams,
  With upward yearn unceasing. Better so:
  For wisdom is meek sorrow's patient child,
  And empire over self, and all the deep
  Strong charities that make men seem like gods;
  And love, that makes them be gods, from her breasts
  Sucks in the milk that makes mankind one blood.
  Good never comes unmixed, or so it seems,
  Having two faces, as some images
  Are carved, of foolish gods; one face is ill;
  But one heart lies beneath, and that is good,
  As are all hearts, when we explore their depths.
  Therefore, great heart, bear up! thou art but type
  Of what all lofty spirits endure, that fain
  Would win men back to strength and peace through love:
  Each hath his lonely peak, and on each heart
  Envy, or scorn, or hatred, tears lifelong
  With vulture beak; yet the high soul is left;
  And faith, which is but hope grown wise; and love
  And patience, which at last shall overcome.

    1843.




              SONG.


    Violet! sweet violet!
    Thine eyes are full of tears;
      Are they wet
      Even yet
  With the thought of other years?
  Or with gladness are they full,
  For the night so beautiful,
  And longing for those far-off spheres?

    Loved-one of my youth thou wast,
    Of my merry youth,
      And I see,
      Tearfully,
  All the fair and sunny past,
  All its openness and truth,
  Ever fresh and green in thee
  As the moss is in the sea.

    Thy little heart, that hath with love
    Grown colored like the sky above,
    On which thou lookest ever,
      Can it know
      All the woe
  Of hope for what returneth never,
  All the sorrow and the longing
  To these hearts of ours belonging?

      Out on it! no foolish pining
        For the sky
        Dims thine eye,
      Or for the stars so calmly shining;
      Like thee let this soul of mine
  Take hue from that wherefor I long,
  Self-stayed and high, serene and strong,
  Not satisfied with hoping--but divine.
    Violet! dear violet!
    Thy blue eyes are only wet
  With joy and love of him who sent thee,
  And for the fulfilling sense
  Of that glad obedience
  Which made thee all that Nature meant thee!

    1841.




              ROSALINE.


  Thou look'dst on me all yesternight,
  Thine eyes were blue, thy hair was bright
  As when we murmured our troth-plight
  Beneath the thick stars, Rosaline!
  Thy hair was braided on thy head,
  As on the day we two were wed,
  Mine eyes scarce knew if thou wert dead,
  But my shrunk heart knew, Rosaline!

  The death-watch ticked behind the wall,
  The blackness rustled like a pall,
  The moaning wind did rise and fall
  Among the bleak pines, Rosaline!
  My heart beat thickly in mine ears;
  The lids may shut out fleshly fears,
  But still the spirit sees and hears,--
  Its eyes are lidless, Rosaline!

  A wildness rushing suddenly,
  A knowing some ill-shape is nigh,
  A wish for death, a fear to die,--
  Is not this vengeance, Rosaline?
  A loneliness that is not lone,
  A love quite withered up and gone,
  A strong soul trampled from its throne,--
  What wouldst thou further, Rosaline?

  'Tis drear such moonless nights as these,
  Strange sounds are out upon the breeze,
  And the leaves shiver in the trees,
  And then thou comest, Rosaline!
  I seem to hear the mourners go,
  With long black garments trailing slow,
  And plumes anodding to and fro,
  As once I heard them, Rosaline!

  Thy shroud is all of snowy white,
  And, in the middle of the night,
  Thou standest moveless and upright,
  Gazing upon me, Rosaline!
  There is no sorrow in thine eyes,
  But evermore that meek surprise,--
  O, God! thy gentle spirit tries
  To deem me guiltless, Rosaline!

  Above thy grave the robin sings,
  And swarms of bright and happy things
  Flit all about with sunlit wings,--
  But I am cheerless, Rosaline!
  The violets on the hillock toss,
  The gravestone is o'ergrown with moss;
  For nature feels not any loss,--
  But I am cheerless, Rosaline!

  I did not know when thou wast dead;
  A blackbird whistling overhead
  Thrilled through my brain; I would have fled,
  But dared not leave thee, Rosaline!
  The sun rolled down, and very soon,
  Like a great fire, the awful moon
  Rose, stained with blood, and then a swoon
  Crept chilly o'er me, Rosaline!

  The stars came out; and, one by one,
  Each angel from his silver throne
  Looked down and saw what I had done;
  I dared not hide me, Rosaline!
  I crouched; I feared thy corpse would cry
  Against me to God's quiet sky,
  I thought I saw the blue lips try
  To utter something, Rosaline!

  I waited with a maddened grin
  To hear that voice all icy thin
  Slide forth and tell my deadly sin
  To hell and heaven, Rosaline!
  But no voice came, and then it seemed
  That, if the very corpse had screamed,
  The sound like sunshine glad had streamed
  Through that dark stillness, Rosaline!

  And then, amid the silent night,
  I screamed with horrible delight,
  And in my brain an awful light
  Did seem to crackle, Rosaline!
  It is my curse! sweet memories fall
  From me like snow,--and only all
  Of that one night, like cold worms crawl
  My doomed heart over, Rosaline!

  Why wilt thou haunt me with thine eyes,
  Wherein such blessed memories,
  Such pitying forgiveness lies,
  Than hate more bitter, Rosaline?
  Woe's me! I know that love so high
  As thine, true soul, could never die,
  And with mean clay in churchyard lie,--
  Would it might be so, Rosaline!

    1841.




  THE SHEPHERD OF KING ADMETUS.


  There came a youth upon the earth,
    Some thousand years ago,
  Whose slender hands were nothing worth,
  Whether to plough, or reap, or sow.

  Upon an empty tortoise-shell
    He stretched some chords, and drew
  Music that made men's bosoms swell
  Fearless, or brimmed their eyes with dew.

  Then King Admetus, one who had
    Pure taste by right divine,
  Decreed his singing not too bad
  To hear between the cups of wine:

  And so, well-pleased with being soothed
    Into a sweet half-sleep,
  Three times his kingly beard he smoothed,
  And made him viceroy o'er his sheep.

  His words were simple words enough,
    And yet he used them so,
  That what in other mouths was rough
  In his seemed musical and low.

  Men called him but a shiftless youth,
    In whom no good they saw;
  And yet, unwittingly, in truth,
  They made his careless words their law.

  They knew not how he learned at all,
    For idly, hour by hour,
  He sat and watched the dead leaves fall,
  Or mused upon a common flower.

  It seemed the loveliness of things
    Did teach him all their use,
  For, in mere weeds, and stones, and springs,
  He found a healing power profuse.

  Men granted that his speech was wise,
    But, when a glance they caught
  Of his slim grace and woman's eyes,
  They laughed, and called him good-for-naught.

  Yet after he was dead and gone,
    And e'en his memory dim,
  Earth seemed more sweet to live upon,
  More full of love, because of him.

  And day by day more holy grew
    Each spot where he had trod,
  Till after-poets only knew
  Their first-born brother as a god.

    1842.




            THE TOKEN.


  It is a mere wild rosebud,
    Quite sallow now, and dry,
  Yet there 's something wondrous in it,--
    Some gleams of days gone by,--
  Dear sights and sounds that are to me
  The very moons of memory,
  And stir my heart's blood far below
  Its short-lived waves of joy and woe.

  Lips must fade and roses wither,
    All sweet times be o'er,--
  They only smile, and, murmuring "Thither!"
    Stay with us no more:
  And yet ofttimes a look or smile,
  Forgotten in a kiss's while,
  Years after from the dark will start,
  And flash across the trembling heart.

  Thou hast given me many roses,
    But never one, like this,
  O'erfloods both sense and spirit
    With such a deep, wild bliss;
  We must have instincts that glean up
  Sparse drops of this life in the cup,
  Whose taste shall give us all that we
  Can prove of immortality.

  Earth's stablest things are shadows,
    And, in the life to come,
  Haply some chance-saved trifle
  May tell of this old home:
  As now sometimes we seem to find,
  In a dark crevice of the mind,
  Some relic, which, long pondered o'er,
  Hints faintly at a life before.




      AN INCIDENT IN A RAILROAD CAR.


    He spoke of Burns: men rude and rough
    Pressed round to hear the praise of one
  Whose heart was made of manly, simple stuff,
     As homespun as their own.

    And, when he read, they forward leaned,
    Drinking, with thirsty hearts and ears,
  His brook-like songs whom glory never weaned
     From humble smiles and tears.

    Slowly there grew a tender awe,
    Sun-like, o'er faces brown and hard,
  As if in him who read they felt and saw
     Some presence of the bard.

    It was a sight for sin and wrong
    And slavish tyranny to see,
  A sight to make our faith more pure and strong
     In high humanity.

    I thought, these men will carry hence
    Promptings their former life above,
  And something of a finer reverence
     For beauty, truth, and love.

    God scatters love on every side,
    Freely among his children all,
  And always hearts are lying open wide,
     Wherein some grains may fall.

    There is no wind but soweth seeds
    Of a more true and open life,
  Which burst, unlooked-for, into high-souled deeds,
     With wayside beauty rife.

    We find within these souls of ours
    Some wild germs of a higher birth,
  Which in the poet's tropic heart bear flowers
     Whose fragrance fills the earth.

    Within the hearts of all men lie
    These promises of wider bliss,
  Which blossom into hopes that cannot die,
     In sunny hours like this.

    All that hath been majestical
    In life or death, since time began,
  Is native in the simple heart of all,
     The angel heart of man.

    And thus, among the untaught poor,
    Great deeds and feelings find a home,
  That cast in shadow all the golden lore
     Of classic Greece and Rome.

    O, mighty brother-soul of man,
    Where'er thou art, in low or high,
  Thy skiey arches with exulting span
     O'er-roof infinity!

    All thoughts that mould the age begin
    Deep down within the primitive soul,
  And from the many slowly upward win
     To one who grasps the whole:

    In his wide brain the feeling deep
    That struggled on the many's tongue
  Swells to a tide of thought, whose surges leap
     O'er the weak thrones of wrong.

    All thought begins in feeling,--wide
    In the great mass its base is hid,
  And, narrowing up to thought, stands glorified,
     A moveless pyramid.

    Nor is he far astray who deems
    That every hope, which rises and grows broad
  In the world's heart, by ordered impulse streams
     From the great heart of God.

    God wills, man hopes: in common souls
    Hope is but vague and undefined,
  Till from the poet's tongue the message rolls
     A blessing to his kind.

    Never did Poesy appear
    So full of heaven to me, as when
  I saw how it would pierce through pride and fear
     To the lives of coarsest men.

    It may be glorious to write
    Thoughts that shall glad the two or three
  High souls, like those far stars that come in sight
     Once in a century;--

    But better far it is to speak
    One simple word, which now and then
  Shall waken their free nature in the weak
     And friendless sons of men;

    To write some earnest verse or line,
    Which, seeking not the praise of art,
  Shall make a clearer faith and manhood shine
     In the untutored heart.

    He who doth this, in verse or prose,
    May be forgotten in his day,
  But surely shall be crowned at last with those
     Who live and speak for aye.

    1842.




                  RHŒCUS.


    God sends his teachers unto every age,
  To every clime, and every race of men,
  With revelations fitted to their growth
  And shape of mind, nor gives the realm of Truth
  Into the selfish rule of one sole race:
  Therefore each form of worship that hath swayed
  The life of man, and given it to grasp
  The master-key of knowledge, reverence,
  Enfolds some germs of goodness and of right;
  Else never had the eager soul, which loathes
  The slothful down of pampered ignorance,
  Found in it even a moment's fitful rest.

    There is an instinct in the human heart
  Which makes that all the fables it hath coined,
  To justify the reign of its belief
  And strengthen it by beauty's right divine,
  Veil in their inner cells a mystic gift,
  Which, like the hazel twig, in faithful hands,
  Points surely to the hidden springs of truth.
  For, as in nature naught is made in vain,
  But all things have within their hull of use
  A wisdom and a meaning which may speak
  Of spiritual secrets to the ear
  Of spirit; so, in whatsoe'er the heart
  Hath fashioned for a solace to itself,
  To make its inspirations suit its creed,
  And from the niggard hands of falsehood wring
  Its needful food of truth, there ever is
  A sympathy with Nature, which reveals,
  Not less than her own works, pure gleams of light
  And earnest parables of inward lore.
  Hear now this fairy legend of old Greece,
  As full of freedom, youth, and beauty still
  As the immortal freshness of that grace
  Carved for all ages on some Attic frieze.

    A youth named Rhœcus, wandering in the wood,
  Saw an old oak just trembling to its fall,
  And, feeling pity of so fair a tree,
  He propped its gray trunk with admiring care,
  And with a thoughtless footstep loitered on.
  But, as he turned, he heard a voice behind
  That murmured "Rhœcus!" 'Twas as if the leaves,
  Stirred by a passing breath, had murmured it,
  And, while he paused bewildered, yet again
  It murmured "Rhœcus!" softer than a breeze.
  He started and beheld with dizzy eyes
  What seemed the substance of a happy dream
  Stand there before him, spreading a warm glow
  Within the green glooms of the shadowy oak.
  It seemed a woman's shape, yet all too fair
  To be a woman, and with eyes too meek
  For any that were wont to mate with gods.
  All naked like a goddess stood she there,
  And like a goddess all too beautiful
  To feel the guilt-born earthliness of shame.
  "Rhœcus, I am the Dryad of this tree,"
  Thus she began, dropping her low-toned words
  Serene, and full, and clear, as drops of dew,
  "And with it I am doomed to live and die;
  The rain and sunshine are my caterers,
  Nor have I other bliss than simple life;
  Now ask me what thou wilt, that I can give,
  And with a thankful joy it shall be thine."

    Then Rhœcus, with a flutter at the heart,
  Yet, by the prompting of such beauty, bold,
  Answered: "What is there that can satisfy
  The endless craving of the soul but love?
  Give me thy love, or but the hope of that
  Which must be evermore my spirit's goal."
  After a little pause she said again,
  But with a glimpse of sadness in her tone,
  "I give it, Rhœcus, though a perilous gift;
  An hour before the sunset meet me here."
  And straightway there was nothing he could see
  But the green glooms beneath the shadowy oak,
  And not a sound came to his straining ears
  But the low trickling rustle of the leaves,
  And far away upon an emerald slope
  The falter of an idle shepherd's pipe.

    Now, in those days of simpleness and faith,
  Men did not think that happy things were dreams
  Because they overstepped the narrow bourne
  Of likelihood, but reverently deemed
  Nothing too wondrous or too beautiful
  To be the guerdon of a daring heart.
  So Rhœcus made no doubt that he was blest,
  And all along unto the city's gate
  Earth seemed to spring beneath him as he walked,
  The clear, broad sky looked bluer than its wont,
  And he could scarce believe he had not wings
  Such sunshine seemed to glitter through his veins
  Instead of blood, so light he felt and strange.

    Young Rhœcus had a faithful heart enough,
  But one that in the present dwelt too much,
  And, taking with blithe welcome whatsoe'er
  Chance gave of joy, was wholly bound in that,
  Like the contented peasant of a vale,
  Deemed it the world, and never looked beyond.
  So, haply meeting in the afternoon
  Some comrades who were playing at the dice
  He joined them and forgot all else beside.

    The dice were rattling at the merriest,
  And Rhœcus, who had met but sorry luck,
  Just laughed in triumph at a happy throw,
  When through the room there hummed a yellow bee
  That buzzed about his ear with down-dropped legs
  As if to light. And Rhœcus laughed and said,
  Feeling how red and flushed he was with loss,
  "By Venus! does he take me for a rose?"
  And brushed him off with rough, impatient hand.
  But still the bee came back, and thrice again
  Rhœcus did beat him off with growing wrath.
  Then through the window flew the wounded bee,
  And Rhœcus, tracking him with angry eyes,
  Saw a sharp mountain-peak of Thessaly
  Against the red disc of the setting sun,--
  And instantly the blood sank from his heart,
  As if its very walls had caved away.
  Without a word he turned, and, rushing forth,
  Ran madly through the city and the gate,
  And o'er the plain, which now the wood's long shade,
  By the low sun thrown forward broad and dim,
  Darkened wellnigh unto the city's wall.

    Quite spent and out of breath he reached the tree,
  And, listening fearfully, he heard once more
  The low voice murmur "Rhœcus!" close at hand:
  Whereat he looked around him, but could see
  Naught but the deepening glooms beneath the oak.
  Then sighed the voice, "Oh, Rhœcus! nevermore
  Shalt thou behold me or by day or night,
  Me, who would fain have blessed thee with a love
  More ripe and bounteous than ever yet
  Filled up with nectar any mortal heart:
  But thou didst scorn my humble messenger,
  And sent'st him back to me with bruisèd wings.
  We spirits only show to gentle eyes.
  We ever ask an undivided love,
  And he who scorns the least of Nature's works
  Is thenceforth exiled and shut out from all.
  Farewell! for thou canst never see me more."

    Then Rhœcus beat his breast, and groaned aloud
  And cried, "Be pitiful! forgive me yet
  This once, and I shall never need it more!"
  "Alas!" the voice returned, "'t is thou art blind,
  Not I unmerciful; I can forgive,
  But have no skill to heal thy spirit's eyes;
  Only the soul hath power o'er itself."
  With that again there murmured "Nevermore!"
  And Rhœcus after heard no other sound,
  Except the rattling of the oak's crisp leaves,
  Like the long surf upon a distant shore,
  Raking the sea-worn pebbles up and down.
  The night had gathered round him: o'er the plain
  The city sparkled with its thousand lights,
  And sounds of revel fell upon his ear
  Harshly and like a curse; above, the sky,
  With all its bright sublimity of stars,
  Deepened, and on his forehead smote the breeze;
  Beauty was all around him and delight,
  But from that eve he was alone on earth.




              THE FALCON.


  I know a falcon swift and peerless
    As e'er was cradled in the pine;
  No bird had ever eye so fearless,
    Or wings so strong as this of mine.

  The winds not better love to pilot
    A cloud with molten gold o'errun,
  Than him, a little burning islet,
    A star above the coming sun.

  For with a lark's heart he doth tower,
    By a glorious, upward instinct drawn;
  No bee nestles deeper in the flower
    Than he in the bursting rose of dawn.

  No harmless dove, no bird that singeth,
    Shudders to see him overhead;
  The rush of his fierce swooping bringeth
    To innocent hearts no thrill of dread.

  Let fraud and wrong and baseness shiver,
    For still between them and the sky
  The falcon Truth hangs poised forever
    And marks them with his vengeful eye.




                  TRIAL.


                    I.

  Whether the idle prisoner through his grate
  Watches the waving of the grass-tuft small,
  Which, having colonized its rift i' the wall,
  Takes its free risk of good or evil fate,
  And, from the sky's just helmet draws its lot
  Daily of shower or sunshine, cold or hot;--
  Whether the closer captive of a creed,
  Cooped up from birth to grind out endless chaff,
  Sees through his treadmill-bars the noonday laugh,
  And feels in vain his crumpled pinions breed;--
  Whether the Georgian slave look up and mark,
  With bellying sails puffed full, the tall cloud-bark
  Sink northward slowly,--thou alone seem'st good,
  Fair only thou, O Freedom, whose desire
  Can light in muddiest souls quick seeds of fire,
  And strain life's chords to the old heroic mood.


                   II.

  Yet are there other gifts more fair than thine,
  Nor can I count him happiest who has never
  Been forced with his own hand his chains to sever,
  And for himself find out the way divine;
  He never knew the aspirer's glorious pains,
  He never earned the struggle's priceless gains.
  O, block by block, with sore and sharp endeavor,
  Lifelong we build these human natures up
  Into a temple fit for freedom's shrine,
  And Trial ever consecrates the cup
  Wherefrom we pour her sacrificial wine.




          A REQUIEM.


  Ay, pale and silent maiden,
    Cold as thou liest there,
  Thine was the sunniest nature
    That ever drew the air,
  The wildest and most wayward,
    And yet so gently kind,
  Thou seemedst but to body
    A breath of summer wind.

  Into the eternal shadow
    That girds our life around,
  Into the infinite silence
    Wherewith Death's shore is bound,
  Thou hast gone forth, belovèd!
    And I were mean to weep,
  That thou hast left Life's shallows,
    And dost possess the Deep.

  Thou liest low and silent,
    Thy heart is cold and still,
  Thine eyes are shut forever,
    And Death hath had his will;
  He loved and would have taken,
    I loved and would have kept,
  We strove,--and he was stronger,
    And I have never wept.

  Let him possess thy body,
    Thy soul is still with me,
  More sunny and more gladsome
    Than it was wont to be:
  Thy body was a fetter
    That bound me to the flesh,
  Thank God that it is broken,
    And now I live afresh!

  Now I can see thee clearly;
    The dusky cloud of clay,
  That hid thy starry spirit,
    Is rent and blown away:
  To earth I give thy body,
    Thy spirit to the sky,
  I saw its bright wings growing,
    And knew that thou must fly.

  Now I can love thee truly,
    For nothing comes between
  The senses and the spirit,
    The seen and the unseen;
  Lifts the eternal shadow,
    The silence bursts apart,
  And the soul's boundless future
    Is present in my heart.




            A PARABLE.


  Worn and footsore was the Prophet,
    When he gained the holy hill;
  "God has left the earth," he murmured,
   "Here his presence lingers still.

  "God of all the olden prophets,
    Wilt thou speak with men no more?
  Have I not as truly served thee,
    As thy chosen ones of yore?

  "Hear me, guider of my fathers,
    Lo! a humble heart is mine;
  By thy mercy I beseech thee,
    Grant thy servant but a sign!"

  Bowing then his head, he listened
    For an answer to his prayer;
  No loud burst of thunder followed,
    Not a murmur stirred the air:--

  But the tuft of moss before him
    Opened while he waited yet,
  And, from out the rock's hard bosom,
    Sprang a tender violet.

  "God! I thank thee," said the Prophet
   "Hard of heart and blind was I,
  Looking to the holy mountain
    For the gift of prophecy.

  "Still thou speakest with thy children
    Freely as in eld sublime;
  Humbleness, and love, and patience,
    Still give empire over time.

  "Had I trusted in my nature,
    And had faith in lowly things,
  Thou thyself wouldst then have sought me,
    And set free my spirit's wings.

  "But I looked for signs and wonders,
    That o'er men should give me sway,
  Thirsting to be more than mortal,
    I was even less than clay.

  "Ere I entered on my journey,
    As I girt my loins to start,
  Ran to me my little daughter,
    The beloved of my heart;--

  "In her hand she held a flower,
    Like to this as like may be,
  Which, beside my very threshold,
    She had plucked and brought to me."

    1842.




      A GLANCE BEHIND THE CURTAIN.


    We see but half the causes of our deeds,
  Seeking them wholly in the outer life,
  And heedless of the encircling spirit-world,
  Which, though unseen, is felt, and sows in us
  All germs of pure and world-wide purposes.
  From one stage of our being to the next
  We pass unconscious o'er a slender bridge,
  The momentary work of unseen hands,
  Which crumbles down behind us; looking back,
  We see the other shore, the gulf between,
  And, marvelling how we won to where we stand,
  Content ourselves to call the builder Chance,
  We trace the wisdom to the apple's fall,
  Not to the birth-throes of a mighty Truth
  Which, for long ages in blank Chaos dumb,
  Yet yearned to be incarnate, and had found
  At last a spirit meet to be the womb
  From which it might be born to bless mankind,--
  Not to the soul of Newton, ripe with all
  The hoarded thoughtfulness of earnest years,
  And waiting but one ray of sunlight more
  To blossom fully.

                   But whence came that ray?
  We call our sorrows Destiny, but ought
  Rather to name our high successes so.
  Only the instincts of great souls are Fate,
  And have predestined sway: all other things,
  Except by leave of us, could never be.
  For Destiny is but the breath of God
  Still moving in us, the last fragment left
  Of our unfallen nature, waking oft
  Within our thought, to beckon us beyond
  The narrow circle of the seen and known,
  And always tending to a noble end,
  As all things must that overrule the soul,
  And for a space unseat the helmsman, Will.
  The fate of England and of freedom once
  Seemed wavering in the heart of one plain man,
  One step of his and the great dial-hand,
  That marks the destined progress of the world
  In the eternal round from wisdom on
  To higher wisdom, had been made to pause
  A hundred years. That step he did not take,--
  He knew not why, nor we, but only God,--
  And lived to make his simple oaken chair
  More terrible and grandly beautiful,
  More full of majesty than any throne
  Before or after, of a British king.

    Upon the pier stood two stern-visaged men,
  Looking to where a little craft lay moored,
  Swayed by the lazy current of the Thames,
  Which weltered by in muddy listlessness.
  Grave men they were, and battlings of fierce thought
  Had trampled out all softness from their brows,
  And ploughed rough furrows there before their time,
  For another crop than such as homebred Peace
  Sows broadcast in the willing soil of Youth.
  Care, not of self, but of the commonweal,
  Had robbed their eyes of youth, and left instead
  A look of patient power and iron will,
  And something fiercer, too, that gave broad hint
  Of the plain weapons girded at their sides.
  The younger had an aspect of command,--
  Not such as trickles down, a slender stream,
  In the shrunk channel of a great descent,--
  But such as lies entowered in heart and head,
  And an arm prompt to do the 'hests of both.
  His was a brow where gold were out of place,
  And yet it seemed right worthy of a crown,
  (Though he despised such,) were it only made
  Of iron, or some serviceable stuff
  That would have matched his sinewy, brown face.
  The elder, although he hardly seemed,
  (Care makes so little of some five short years,)
  Had a clear, honest face, whose rough-hewn strength
  Was mildened by the scholar's wiser heart
  To sober courage, such as best befits
  The unsullied temper of a well-taught mind,
  Yet so remained that one could plainly guess
  The hushed volcano smouldering underneath.
  He spoke: the other, hearing, kept his gaze
  Still fixed, as on some problem in the sky.

    "O, Cromwell, we are fallen on evil times!
  There was a day when England had wide room
  For honest men as well as foolish kings;
  But now the uneasy stomach of the time
  Turns squeamish at them both. Therefore let us
  Seek out that savage clime, where men as yet
  Are free: there sleeps the vessel on the tide,
  Her languid canvas drooping for the wind;
  Give us but that, and what need we to fear
  This Order of the Council? The free waves
  Will not say, No, to please a wayward king,
  Nor will the winds turn traitors at his beck:
  All things are fitly cared for, and the Lord
  Will watch as kindly o'er the exodus
  Of us his servants now, as in old time.
  We have no cloud or fire, and haply we
  May not pass dry-shod through the ocean-stream;
  But, saved or lost, all things are in His hand."
  So spake he, and meantime the other stood
  With wide gray eyes still reading the blank air,
  As if upon the sky's blue wall he saw
  Some mystic sentence, written by a hand
  Such as of old made pale the Assyrian king,
  Girt with his satraps in the blazing feast.

    "Hampden! a moment since, my purpose was
  To fly with thee,--for I will call it flight,
  Nor flatter it with any smoother name,--
  But something in me bids me not to go;
  And I am one, thou knowest, who, unmoved
  By what the weak deem omens, yet give heed
  And reverence due to whatsoe'er my soul
  Whispers of warning to the inner ear.
  Moreover, as I know that God brings round
  His purposes in ways undreamed by us,
  And makes the wicked but his instruments
  To hasten on their swift and sudden fall,
  I see the beauty of his providence
  In the King's order: blind, he will not let
  His doom part from him, but must bid it stay
  As 't were a cricket, whose enlivening chirp
  He loved to hear beneath his very hearth.
  Why should we fly? Nay, why not rather stay
  And rear again our Zion's crumbled walls,
  Not, as of old the walls of Thebes were built,
  By minstrel twanging, but, if need should be,
  With the more potent music of our swords?
  Think'st thou that score of men beyond the sea
  Claim more God's care than all of England here?
  No: when he moves His arm, it is to aid
  Whole peoples, heedless if a few be crushed,
  As some are ever, when the destiny
  Of man takes one stride onward nearer home.
  Believe it, 'tis the mass of men He loves;
  And, where there is most sorrow and most want,
  Where the high heart of man is trodden down
  The most, 'tis not because He hides his face
  From them in wrath, as purblind teachers prate.
  Not so: there most is He, for there is He
  Most needed. Men who seek for Fate abroad
  Are not so near his heart as they who dare
  Frankly to face her where she faces them,
  On their own threshold, where their souls are strong
  To grapple with and throw her; as I once,
  Being yet a boy, did cast this puny king,
  Who now has grown so dotard as to deem
  That he can wrestle with an angry realm,
  And throw the brawned Antæus of men's rights.
  No, Hampden! they have half-way conquered Fate
  Who go half-way to meet her,--as will I.
  Freedom hath yet a work for me to do;
  So speaks that inward voice which never yet
  Spake falsely, when it urged the spirit on
  To noble deeds for country and mankind.
  And, for success, I ask no more than this,--
  To bear unflinching witness to the truth.
  All true, whole men succeed: for what is worth
  Success's name, unless it be the thought,
  The inward surety, to have carried out
  A noble purpose to a noble end,
  Although it be the gallows or the block?
  'Tis only Falsehood that doth ever need
  These outward shows of gain to bolster her.
  Be it we prove the weaker with our swords;
  Truth only needs to be for once spoke out,
  And there's such music in her, such strange rhythm,
  As makes men's memories her joyous slaves,
  And clings around the soul, as the sky clings
  Round the mute earth, forever beautiful,
  And, if o'erclouded, only to burst forth
  More all-embracingly divine and clear:
  Get but the truth once uttered, and 'tis like
  A star new-born, that drops into its place,
  And which, once circling in its placid round,
  Not all the tumult of the earth can shake.

    "What should we do in that small colony
  Of pinched fanatics, who would rather choose
  Freedom to clip an inch more from their hair,
  Than the great chance of setting England free?
  Not there, amid the stormy wilderness,
  Should we learn wisdom; or if learned, what room
  To put it into act,--else worse than naught?
  We learn our souls more, tossing for an hour
  Upon this huge and ever-vexèd sea
  Of human thought, where kingdoms go to wreck
  Like fragile bubbles yonder in the stream,
  Than in a cycle of New England sloth,
  Broke only by some petty Indian war,
  Or quarrel for a letter more or less,
  In some hard word, which, spelt in either way
  Not their most learned clerks can understand.
  New times demand new measures and new men;
  The world advances, and in time outgrows
  The laws that in our fathers' day were best;
  And, doubtless, after us, some purer scheme
  Will be shaped out by wiser men than we,
  Made wiser by the steady growth of truth.
  We cannot bring Utopia by force;
  But better, almost, be at work in sin;
  Than in a brute inaction browse and sleep.
  No man is born into the world, whose work
  Is not born with him; there is always work,
  And tools to work withal, for those who will;
  And blessèd are the horny hands of toil!
  The busy world shoves angrily aside
  The man who stands with arms akimbo set,
  Until occasion tells him what to do;
  And he who waits to have his task marked out
  Shall die and leave his errand unfulfilled.
  Our time is one that calls for earnest deeds:
  Reason and Government, like two broad seas,
  Yearn for each other with outstretched arms
  Across this narrow isthmus of the throne,
  And roll their white surf higher every day.
  One age moves onward, and the next builds up
  Cities and gorgeous palaces, where stood
  The rude log huts of those who tamed the wild,
  Rearing from out the forests they had felled
  The goodly framework of a fairer state;
  The builder's trowel and the settler's axe
  Are seldom wielded by the selfsame hand;
  Ours is the harder task, yet not the less
  Shall we receive the blessing for our toil
  From the choice spirits of the aftertime.
  My soul is not a palace of the past,
  Where outworn creeds, like Rome's gray senate quake,
  Hearing afar the Vandal's trumpet hoarse,
  That shakes old systems with a thunder-fit.
  The time is ripe, and rotten-ripe, for change;
  Then let it come: I have no dread of what
  Is called for by the instinct of mankind;
  Nor think I that God's world will fall apart,
  Because we tear a parchment more or less.
  Truth is eternal, but her effluence,
  With endless change is fitted to the hour;
  Her mirror is turned forward to reflect
  The promise of the future, not the past.
  He who would win the name of truly great
  Must understand his own age and the next,
  And make the present ready to fulfil
  Its prophecy, and with the future merge
  Gently and peacefully, as wave with wave.
  The future works out great men's destinies;
  The present is enough for common souls,
  Who, never looking forward, are indeed
  Mere clay, wherein the footprints of their age
  Are petrified forever: better those
  Who lead the blind old giant by the hand
  From out the pathless desert where he gropes,
  And set him onward in his darksome way.
  I do not fear to follow out the truth,
  Albeit along the precipice's edge.
  Let us speak plain: there is more force in names
  Than most men dream of; and a lie may keep
  Its throne a whole age longer, if it skulk
  Behind the shield of some fair-seeming name,
  Let us call tyrants, _tyrants_, and maintain,
  That only freedom comes by grace of God,
  And all that comes not by his grace must fall
  For men in earnest have no time to waste
  In patching fig-leaves for the naked truth.

    "I will have one more grapple with the man
  Charles Stuart: whom the boy o'ercame,
  The man stands not in awe of. I, perchance,
  Am one raised up by the Almighty arm
  To witness some great truth to all the world.
  Souls destined to o'erleap the vulgar lot,
  And mould the world unto the scheme of God,
  Have a fore-consciousness of their high doom,
  As men are known to shiver at the heart,
  When the cold shadow of some coming ill
  Creeps slowly o'er their spirits unawares.
  Hath Good less power of prophecy than Ill?
  How else could men whom God hath called to sway
  Earth's rudder, and to steer the bark of Truth,
  Beating against the tempest tow'rd her port,
  Bear all the mean and buzzing grievances,
  The petty martyrdoms, wherewith Sin strives
  To weary out the tethered hope of Faith,
  The sneers, the unrecognizing look of friends,
  Who worship the dead corpse of old king Custom,
  Where it doth lie in state within the Church,
  Striving to cover up the mighty ocean
  With a man's palm, and making even the truth
  Lie for them, holding up the glass reversed,
  To make the hope of man seem farther off?
  My God! when I read o'er the bitter lives
  Of men whose eager hearts were quite too great
  To beat beneath the cramped mode of the day,
  And see them mocked at by the world they love,
  Haggling with prejudice for pennyworths
  Of that reform which their hard toil will make
  The common birthright of the age to come,--
  When I see this, spite of my faith in God,
  I marvel how their hearts bear up so long;
  Nor could they, but for this same prophecy,
  This inward feeling of the glorious end.

    "Deem me not fond; but in my warmer youth,
  Ere my heart's bloom was soiled and brushed away,
  I had great dreams of mighty things to come;
  Of conquest, whether by the sword or pen
  I knew not; but some conquest I would have,
  Or else swift death: now wiser grown in years,
  I find youth's dreams are but the flutterings
  Of those strong wings whereon the soul shall soar
  In aftertime to win a starry throne;
  And so I cherish them, for they were lots,
  Which I, a boy, cast in the helm of Fate.
  Now will I draw them, since a man's right hand,
  A right hand guided by an earnest soul,
  With a true instinct, takes the golden prize
  From out a thousand blanks. What men call luck
  Is the prerogative of valiant souls,
  The fealty life pays its rightful kings.
  The helm is shaking now, and I will stay
  To pluck my lot forth; it were sin to flee!"

    So they two turned together; one to die,
  Fighting for freedom on the bloody field;
  The other, far more happy, to become
  A name earth wears forever next her heart;
  One of the few that have a right to rank
  With the true Makers: for his spirit wrought
  Order from Chaos; proved that right divine
  Dwelt only in the excellence of truth;
  And far within old Darkness' hostile lines
  Advanced and pitched the shining tents of Light.
  Nor shall the grateful Muse forget to tell,
  That--not the least among his many claims
  To deathless honor--he was Milton's friend,
  A man not second among those who lived
  To show us that the poet's lyre demands
  An arm of tougher sinew than the sword.

    1843.




              SONG.


  O, moonlight deep and tender,
    A year and more agone,
  Your mist of golden splendor
    Round my betrothal shone!

  O, elm-leaves dark and dewy,
    The very same ye seem,
  The low wind trembles through ye,
    Ye murmur in my dream!

  O, river, dim with distance,
    Flow thus forever by:
  A part of my existence
    Within your heart doth lie!

  O, stars, ye saw our meeting,
    Two beings and one soul,
  Two hearts so madly beating
    To mingle and be whole!

  O, happy night, deliver
    Her kisses back to me,
  Or keep them all, and give her
    A blissful dream of me!

    1842.




            A CHIPPEWA LEGEND.[A]

      ἀλγεινὰ μέν μοι καὶ λέγειν ἐστὶν τάδε
      ἄλγος δὲ σιγᾷν.
                    Æschylus, Prom. Vinct. 197.

  [Footnote A: For the leading incidents in this tale, I am
     indebted to the very valuable "Algic Researches" of Henry R.
     Schoolcraft, Esq.]


    The old Chief, feeling now well-nigh his end,
  Called his two eldest children to his side,
  And gave them, in few words, his parting charge:--
  "My son and daughter, me ye see no more;
  The happy hunting-grounds await me, green
  With change of spring and summer through the year:
  But, for remembrance, after I am gone,
  Be kind to little Sheemah for my sake:
  Weakling he is and young, and knows not yet
  To set the trap, or draw the seasoned bow;
  Therefore of both your loves he hath more need,
  And he, who needeth love, to love hath right;
  It is not like our furs and stores of corn,
  Whereto we claim sole title by our toil,
  But the Great Spirit plants it in our hearts,
  And waters it, and gives it sun, to be
  The common stock and heritage of all:
  Therefore be kind to Sheemah, that yourselves
  May not be left deserted in your need."

    Alone, beside a lake, their wigwam stood,
  Far from the other dwellings of their tribe;
  And, after many moons, the loneliness
  Wearied the elder brother, and he said,
  "Why should I dwell here all alone, shut out
  From the free, natural joys that fit my age?
  Lo, I am tall and strong, well skilled to hunt,
  Patient of toil and hunger, and not yet
  Have seen the danger which I dared not look
  Full in the face; what hinders me to be
  A mighty Brave and Chief among my kin?"
  So, taking up his arrows and his bow,
  As if to hunt, he journeyed swiftly on,
  Until he gained the wigwams of his tribe,
  Where, choosing out a bride, he soon forgot,
  In all the fret and bustle of new life,
  The little Sheemah and his father's charge.

    Now when the sister found her brother gone,
  And that, for many days, he came not back,
  She wept for Sheemah more than for herself;
  For Love bides longest in a woman's heart,
  And flutters many times before he flies,
  And then doth perch so nearly, that a word
  May lure him back, as swift and glad as light;
  And Duty lingers even when Love is gone
  Oft looking out in hope of his return;
  And, after Duty hath been driven forth,
  Then Selfishness creeps in the last of all,
  Warming her lean hands at the lonely hearth,
  And crouching o'er the embers, to shut out
  Whatever paltry warmth and light are left,
  With avaricious greed, from all beside.
  So, for long months, the sister hunted wide,
  And cared for little Sheemah tenderly;
  But, daily more and more, the loneliness
  Grew wearisome, and to herself she sighed,
  "Am I not fair? at least the glassy pool,
  That hath no cause to flatter, tells me so;
  But, O, how flat and meaningless the tale,
  Unless it tremble on a lover's tongue!
  Beauty hath no true glass, except it be
  In the sweet privacy of loving eyes."
  Thus deemed she idly, and forgot the lore
  Which she had learned of nature and the woods,
  That beauty's chief reward is to itself,
  And that the eyes of Love reflect alone
  The inward fairness, which is blurred and lost
  Unless kept clear and white by Duty's care
  So she went forth and sought the haunts of men,
  And, being wedded, in her household cares,
  Soon, like the elder brother, quite forgot
  The little Sheemah and her father's charge.

    But Sheemah, left alone within the lodge,
  Waited and waited, with a shrinking heart,
  Thinking each rustle was his sister's step,
  Till hope grew less and less, and then went out,
  And every sound was changed from hope to fear.
  Few sounds there were:--the dropping of a nut,
  The squirrel's chirrup, and the jay's harsh scream,
  Autumn's sad remnants of blithe Summer's cheer,
  Heard at long intervals, seemed but to make
  The dreadful void of silence silenter.
  Soon what small store his sister left was gone,
  And, through the Autumn, he made shift to live
  On roots and berries, gathered in much fear
  Of wolves, whose ghastly howl he heard ofttimes,
  Hollow and hungry, at the dead of night.
  But Winter came at last, and, when the snow,
  Thick-heaped for gleaming leagues o'er hill and plain,
  Spread its unbroken silence over all,
  Made bold by hunger, he was fain to glean,
  (More sick at heart than Ruth, and all alone,)
  After the harvest of the merciless wolf,
  Grim Boaz, who, sharp-ribbed and gaunt, yet feared
  A thing more wild and starving than himself;
  Till, by degrees, the wolf and he grew friends,
  And shared, together all the winter through.

    Late in the Spring, when all the ice was gone,
  The elder brother, fishing in the lake,
  Upon whose edge his father's wigwam stood,
  Heard a low moaning noise upon the shore:
  Half like a child it seemed, half like a wolf,
  And straightway there was something in his heart
  That said, "It is thy brother Sheemah's voice."
  So, paddling swiftly to the bank, he saw,
  Within a little thicket close at hand,
  A child that seemed fast changing to a wolf,
  From the neck downward, gray with shaggy hair
  That still crept on and upward as he looked.
  The face was turned away, but well he knew
  That it was Sheemah's, even his brother's face.
  Then with his trembling hands he hid his eyes,
  And bowed his head, so that he might not see
  The first look of his brother's eyes, and cried,
  "O, Sheemah! O, my brother, speak to me!
  Dost thou not know me, that I am thy brother?
  Come to me, little Sheemah, thou shalt dwell
  With me henceforth, and know no care or want!"
  Sheemah was silent for a space, as if
  'T were hard to summon up a human voice,
  And, when he spake, the sound was of a wolf's:
  "I know thee not, nor art thou what thou say'st;
  I have none other brethren than the wolves,
  And, till thy heart be changed from what it is,
  Thou art not worthy to be called their kin."
  Then groaned the other, with a choking tongue,
  "Alas! my heart is changed right bitterly;
  'Tis shrunk and parched within me even now!"
  And, looking upward fearfully, he saw
  Only a wolf that shrank away and ran,
  Ugly and fierce, to hide among the woods.




      STANZAS ON FREEDOM


  Men! whose boast it is that ye
  Come of fathers brave and free,
  If there breathe on earth a slave,
  Are ye truly free and brave?
  If ye do not feel the chain,
  When it works a brother's pain,
  Are ye not base slaves indeed,
  Slaves unworthy to be freed?

  Women! who shall one day bear
  Sons to breathe New England air,
  If ye hear, without a blush,
  Deeds to make the roused blood rush
  Like red lava through your veins,
  For your sisters now in chains,--
  Answer! are ye fit to be
  Mothers of the brave and free?

  Is true Freedom but to break
  Fetters for our own dear sake,
  And, with leathern hearts, forget
  That we owe mankind a debt?
  No! true freedom is to share
  All the chains our brothers wear,
  And, with heart and hand, to be
  Earnest to make others free!

  They are slaves who fear to speak
  For the fallen and the weak,
  They are slaves who will not choose
  Hatred, scoffing, and abuse,
  Rather than in silence shrink
  From the truth they needs must think;
  They are slaves who dare not be
  In the right with two or three.




                  COLUMBUS.


  The cordage creaks and rattles in the wind,
  With freaks of sudden hush; the reeling sea
  Now thumps like solid rock beneath the stern,
  Now leaps with clumsy wrath, strikes short, and, falling
  Crumbled to whispery foam, slips rustling down
  The broad backs of the waves, which jostle and crowd
  To fling themselves upon that unknown shore,
  Their used familiar since the dawn of time,
  Whither this foredoomed life is guided on
  To sway on triumph's hushed, aspiring poise
  One glittering moment, then to break fulfilled.

  How lonely is the sea's perpetual swing,
  The melancholy wash of endless waves,
  The sigh of some grim monster undescried,
  Fear-painted on the canvas of the dark,
  Shifting on his uneasy pillow of brine!
  Yet night brings more companions than the day
  To this drear waste; new constellations burn,
  And fairer stars, with whose calm height my soul
  Finds nearer sympathy than with my herd
  Of earthen souls, whose vision's scanty ring
  Makes me its prisoner to beat my wings
  Against the cold bars of their unbelief,
  Knowing in vain my own free heaven beyond.
  O God! this world, so crammed with eager life,
  That comes and goes and wanders back to silence
  Like the idle wind, which yet man's shaping mind
  Can make his drudge to swell the longing sails
  Of highest endeavor,--this mad, unthrift world,
  Which, every hour, throws life enough away
  To make her deserts kind and hospitable,
  Lets her great destinies be waved aside
  By smooth, lip-reverent, formal infidels,
  Who weigh the God they not believe with gold,
  And find no spot in Judas, save that he,
  Driving a duller bargain than he ought,
  Saddled his guild with too cheap precedent.
  O Faith! if thou art strong, thine opposite
  Is mighty also, and the dull fool's sneer
  Hath ofttimes shot chill palsy through the arm,
  Just lifted to achieve its crowning deed,
  And made the firm-based heart, that would have quailed
  The rack or fagot, shudder like a leaf
  Wrinkled with frost, and loose upon its stem.
  The wicked and the weak, by some dark law,
  Have a strange power to shut and rivet down
  Their own horizon round us, to unwing
  Our heaven-aspiring visions, and to blur
  With surly clouds the Future's gleaming peaks,
  Far seen across the brine of thankless years.
  If the chosen soul could never be alone
  In deep mid-silence, open-doored to God,
  No greatness ever had been dreamed or done;
  Among dull hearts a prophet never grew;
  The nurse of full-grown souls is solitude.

  The old world is effete; there man with man
  Jostles, and, in the brawl for means to live,
  Life is trod under-foot,--Life, the one block
  Of marble that's vouchsafed wherefrom to carve
  Our great thoughts, white and god-like, to shine down
  The future, Life, the irredeemable block,
  Which one o'er-hasty chisel-dint oft mars,
  Scanting our room to cut the features out
  Of our full hope, so forcing us to crown
  With a mean head the perfect limbs, or leave
  The god's face glowing o'er a satyr's trunk,
  Failure's brief epitaph.
                           Yes, Europe's world
  Reels on to judgment; there the common need,
  Losing God's sacred use, to be a bond
  'Twixt Me and Thee, sets each one scowlingly
  O'er his own selfish hoard at bay; no state,
  Knit strongly with eternal fibres up
  Of all men's separate and united weals,
  Self-poised and sole as stars, yet one as light.
  Holds up a shape of large Humanity
  To which by natural instinct every man
  Pays loyalty exulting, by which all
  Mould their own lives, and feel their pulses filled
  With the red fiery blood of the general life,
  Making them mighty in peace, as now in war
  They are, even in the flush of victory, weak,
  Conquering that manhood which should them subdue.
  And what gift bring I to this untried world?
  Shall the same tragedy be played anew,
  And the same lurid curtain drop at last
  On one dread desolation, one fierce crash
  Of that recoil which on its makers God
  Lets Ignorance and Sin and Hunger make,
  Early or late? Or shall that commonwealth
  Whose potent unity and concentric force
  Can draw these scattered joints and parts of men
  Into a whole ideal man once more,
  Which sucks not from its limbs the life away,
  But sends it flood-tide and creates itself
  Over again in every citizen,
  Be there built up? For me, I have no choice;
  I might turn back to other destinies,
  For one sincere key opes all Fortune's doors;
  But whoso answers not God's earliest call,
  Forfeits or dulls that faculty supreme
  Of lying open to his genius
  Which makes the wise heart certain of its ends.

  Here am I; for what end God knows, not I;
  Westward still points the inexorable soul:
  Here am I, with no friend but the sad sea,
  The beating heart of this great enterprise,
  Which, without me, would stiffen in swift death;
  This have I mused on, since mine eye could first
  Among the stars distinguish and with joy
  Rest on that God-fed Pharos of the north,
  On some blue promontory of heaven lighted
  That juts far out into the upper sea;
  To this one hope my heart hath clung for years,
  As would a foundling to the talisman
  Hung round his neck by hands he knew not whose.
  A poor, vile thing and dross to all beside,
  Yet he therein can feel a virtue left
  By the sad pressure of a mother's hand,
  And unto him it still is tremulous
  With palpitating haste and wet with tears,
  The key to him of hope and humanness,
  The coarse shell of life's pearl, Expectancy.
  This hope hath been to me for love and fame,
  Hath made me wholly lonely on the earth,
  Building me up as in a thick-ribbed tower,
  Wherewith enwalled my watching spirit burned,
  Conquering its little island from the Dark,
  Sole as a scholar's lamp, and heard men's steps,
  In the far hurry of the outward world,
  Pass dimly forth and back, sounds heard in dream
  As Ganymede by the eagle was snatched up
  From the gross sod to be Jove's cupbearer,
  So was I lifted by my great design:
  And who hath trod Olympus, from his eye
  Fades not that broader outlook of the gods;
  His life's low valleys overbrow earth's clouds,
  And that Olympian spectre of the past
  Looms towering up in sovereign memory,
  Beckoning his soul from meaner heights of doom.
  Had but the shadow of the Thunderer's bird,
  Flashing athwart my spirit, made of me
  A swift-betraying vision's Ganymede,
  Yet to have greatly dreamed precludes low ends
  Great days have ever such a morning-red,
  On such a base great futures are built up,
  And aspiration, though not put in act,
  Comes back to ask its plighted troth again,
  Still watches round its grave the unlaid ghost
  Of a dead virtue, and makes other hopes,
  Save that implacable one, seem thin and bleak
  As shadows of bare trees upon the snow,
  Bound freezing there by the unpitying moon.

  While other youths perplexed their mandolins,
  Praying that Thetis would her fingers twine
  In the loose glories of her lover's hair,
  And wile another kiss to keep back day,
  I, stretched beneath the many-centuried shade
  Of some writhed oak, the wood's Laocoön,
  Did of my hope a dryad mistress make,
  Whom I would woo to meet me privily,
  Or underneath the stars, or when the moon
  Flecked all the forest floor with scattered pearls.
  O days whose memory tames to fawning down
  The surly fell of Ocean's bristled neck!

  I know not when this hope enthralled me first,
  But from my boyhood up I loved to hear
  The tall-pine-forests of the Apennine
  Murmur their hoary legends of the sea,
  Which hearing, I in vision clear beheld;
  The sudden dark of tropic night shut down
  O'er the huge whisper of great watery wastes,
  The while a pair of herons trailingly
  Flapped inland, where some league-wide river hurled
  The yellow spoil of unconjectured realms
  Far through a gulf's green silence, never scarred
  By any but the Northwind's hurrying keels.
  And not the pines alone; all sights and sounds
  To my world-seeking heart paid fealty,
  And catered for it as the Cretan bees
  Brought honey to the baby Jupiter,
  Who in his soft hand crushed a violet,
  God-like foremusing the rough thunder's gripe;
  Then did I entertain the poet's song,
  My great Idea's guest, and, passing o'er
  That iron bridge the Tuscan built to hell,
  I heard Ulysses tell of mountain-chains
  Whose adamantine links, his manacles,
  The western main shook growling, and still gnawed.
  I brooded on the wise Athenian's tale
  Of happy Atlantis, and heard Björne's keel
  Crunch the gray pebbles of the Vinland shore:
  For I believed the poets; it is they
  Who utter wisdom from the central deep,
  And, listening to the inner flow of things,
  Speak to the age out of eternity.

  Ah me! old hermits sought for solitude
  In caves and desert places of the earth,
  Where their own heart-beat was the only stir
  Of living thing that comforted the year;
  But the bald pillar-top of Simeon,
  In midnight's blankest waste, were populous,
  Matched with the isolation drear and deep
  Of him who pines among the swarm of men,
  At once a new thought's king and prisoner,
  Feeling the truer life within his life,
  The fountain of his spirit's prophecy,
  Sinking away and wasting, drop by drop,
  In the ungrateful sands of sceptic ears.
  He in the palace-aisles of untrod woods
  Doth walk a king; for him the pent-up cell
  Widens beyond the circles of the stars,
  And all the sceptred spirits of the past
  Come thronging in to greet him as their peer;
  But in the market-place's glare and throng
  He sits apart, an exile, and his brow
  Aches with the mocking memory of its crown.
  But to the spirit select there is no choice;
  He cannot say, This will I do, or that,
  For the cheap means putting Heaven's ends in pawn,
  And bartering his bleak rocks, the freehold stern
  Of destiny's first-born, for smoother fields
  That yield no crop of self-denying will;
  A hand is stretched to him from out the dark,
  Which grasping without question, he is led
  Where there is work that he must do for God.
  The trial still is the strength's complement,
  And the uncertain, dizzy path that scales
  The sheer heights of supremest purposes
  Is steeper to the angel than the child.
  Chances have laws as fixed as planets have,
  And disappointment's dry and bitter root,
  Envy's harsh berries, and the choking pool
  Of the world's scorn, are the right mother-milk
  To the tough hearts that pioneer their kind,
  And break a pathway to those unknown realms
  That in the earth's broad shadow lie enthralled;
  Endurance is the crowning quality,
  And patience all the passion of great hearts;
  These are their stay, and when the leaden world
  Sets its hard face against their fateful thought,
  And brute strength, like a scornful conqueror,
  Clangs his huge mace down in the other scale,
  The inspired soul but flings his patience in,
  And slowly that outweighs the ponderous globe,--
  One faith against a whole earth's unbelief,
  One soul against the flesh of all mankind.

  Thus ever seems it when my soul can hear
  The voice that errs not; then my triumph gleams,
  O'er the blank ocean beckoning, and all night
  My heart flies on before me as I sail;
  Far on I see my lifelong enterprise,
  Which rose like Ganges mid the freezing snows
  Of a world's sordidness, sweep broadening down,
  And, gathering to itself a thousand streams,
  Grow sacred ere it mingle with the sea;
  I see the ungated wall of chaos old,
  With blocks Cyclopean hewn of solid night,
  Fade like a wreath of unreturning mist
  Before the irreversible feet of light;--
  And lo, with what clear omen in the east
  On day's gray threshold stands the eager dawn,
  Like young Leander rosy from the sea
  Glowing at Hero's lattice!

                             One day more
  These muttering shoalbrains leave the helm to me.
  God, let me not in their dull ooze be stranded;
  Let not this one frail bark, to hollow which
  I have dug out the pith and sinewy heart
  Of my aspiring life's fair trunk, be so
  Cast up to warp and blacken in the sun,
  Just as the opposing wind 'gins whistle off
  His cheek-swollen mates, and from the leaning mast
  Fortune's full sail strains forward!
                                     One poor day!--
  Remember whose and not how short it is!
  It is God's day, it is Columbus's.
  A lavish day! One day, with life and heart,
  Is more than time enough to find a world.

    1844.




            AN INCIDENT OF THE FIRE AT HAMBURG.


  The tower of old Saint Nicholas soared upward to the skies,
  Like some huge piece of Nature's make, the growth of centuries;
  You could not deem its crowding spires a work of human art,
  They seemed to struggle lightward from a sturdy living heart.

  Not Nature's self more freely speaks in crystal or in oak,
  Than, through the pious builder's hand, in that gray pile she spoke;
  And as from acorn springs the oak, so, freely and alone,
  Sprang from his heart this hymn to God, sung in obedient stone.

  It seemed a wondrous freak of chance, so perfect, yet so rough,
  A whim of Nature crystallized slowly in granite tough;
  The thick spires yearned towards the sky in quaint, harmonious lines,
  And in broad sunlight basked and slept, like a grove of blasted pines.

  Never did rock or stream or tree lay claim with better right
  To all the adorning sympathies of shadow and of light;
  And, in that forest petrified, as forester there dwells
  Stout Herman, the old sacristan, sole lord of all its bells.

  Surge leaping after surge, the fire roared onward red as blood,
  Till half of Hamburg lay engulfed beneath the eddying flood;
  For miles away, the fiery spray poured down its deadly rain,
  And back and forth the billows sucked, and paused, and burst again.

  From square to square with tiger leaps panted the lustful fire,
  The air to leeward shuddered with the gasps of its desire;
  And church and palace, which even now stood whelmed but to the knee,
  Lift their black roofs like breakers lone amid the whirling sea.

  Up in his tower old Herman sat and watched with quiet look;
  His soul had trusted God too long to be at last forsook;
  He could not fear, for surely God a pathway would unfold
  Through this red sea for faithful hearts, as once he did of old.

  But scarcely can he cross himself, or on his good saint call,
  Before the sacrilegious flood o'erleaped the churchyard wall;
  And, ere a _pater_ half was said, mid smoke and crackling glare,
  His island tower scarce juts its head above the wide despair.

  Upon the peril's desperate peak his heart stood up sublime;
  His first thought was for God above, his next was for his chime;
  "Sing now and make your voices heard in hymns of praise," cried he,
  "As did the Israelites of old, safe walking through the sea!

  "Through this red sea our God hath made the pathway safe to shore;
  Our promised land stands full in sight; shout now as ne'er before!"
  And as the tower came crushing down, the bells, in clear accord,
  Pealed forth the grand old German hymn,--"All good souls, praise the
    Lord!"




            THE SOWER.


  I saw a Sower walking slow
    Across the earth, from east to west;
  His hair was white as mountain snow,
    His head drooped forward on his breast.

  With shrivelled hands he flung his seed,
    Nor ever turned to look behind;
  Of sight or sound he took no heed;
    It seemed he was both deaf and blind.

  His dim face showed no soul beneath,
    Yet in my heart I felt a stir,
  As if I looked upon the sheath
    That once had clasped Excalibur.

  I heard, as still the seed he cast,
    How, crooning to himself, he sung,--
  "I sow again the holy Past,
    The happy days when I was young.

  "Then all was wheat without a tare,
    Then all was righteous, fair, and true;
  And I am he whose thoughtful care
    Shall plant the Old World in the New.

  "The fruitful germs I scatter free,
    With busy hand, while all men sleep;
  In Europe now, from sea to sea,
    The nations bless me as they reap."

  Then I looked back along his path,
    And heard the clash of steel on steel,
  Where man faced man, in deadly wrath,
    While clanged the tocsin's hurrying peal.

  The sky with burning towns flared red,
    Nearer the noise of fighting rolled,
  And brothers' blood, by brothers shed,
    Crept, curdling, over pavements cold.

  Then marked I how each germ of truth
    Which through the dotard's fingers ran
  Was mated with a dragon's tooth
    Whence there sprang up an armed man.

  I shouted, but he could not hear;
    Made signs, but these he could not see;
  And still, without a doubt or fear,
    Broadcast he scattered anarchy.

  Long to my straining ears the blast
    Brought faintly back the words he sung:--
  "I sow again the holy Past,
    The happy days when I was young."




        HUNGER AND COLD.


  Sisters two, all praise to you,
  With your faces pinched and blue;
  To the poor man you've been true
     From of old:
  You can speak the keenest word,
  You are sure of being heard,
  From the point you're never stirred,
     Hunger and Cold!

  Let sleek statesmen temporize;
  Palsied are their shifts and lies
  When they meet your bloodshot eyes,
     Grim and bold;
  Policy you set at naught,
  In their traps you'll not be caught,
  You're too honest to be bought,
     Hunger and Cold!

  Bolt and bar the palace-door;
  While the mass of men are poor,
  Naked truth grows more and more
     Uncontrolled;
  You had never yet, I guess,
  Any praise for bashfulness,
  You can visit sans court-dress,
     Hunger and Cold!

  While the music fell and rose,
  And the dance reeled to its close,
  Where her round of costly woes
     Fashion strolled,
  I beheld with shuddering fear
  Wolves' eyes through the windows peer;
  Little dream they you are near,
     Hunger and Cold!

  When the toiler's heart you clutch,
  Conscience is not valued much,
  He recks not a bloody smutch
     On his gold:
  Everything to you defers,
  You are potent reasoners,
  At your whisper Treason stirs,
     Hunger and Cold!

  Rude comparisons you draw,
  Words refuse to sate your maw,
  Your gaunt limbs the cobweb law
     Cannot hold:
  You 're not clogged with foolish pride,
  But can seize a right denied;
  Somehow God is on your side,
     Hunger and Cold!

  You respect no hoary wrong
  More for having triumphed long;
  Its past victims, haggard throng,
     From the mould
  You unbury: swords and spears
  Weaker are than poor men's tears,
  Weaker than your silent years,
     Hunger and Cold!

  Let them guard both hall and bower;
  Through the window you will glower,
  Patient till your reckoning hour
     Shall be tolled:
  Cheeks are pale, but hands are red,
  Guiltless blood may chance be shed,
  But ye must and will be fed,
     Hunger and Cold!

  God has plans man must not spoil,
  Some were made to starve and toil,
  Some to share the wine and oil,
     We are told:
  Devil's theories are these,
  Stifling hope and love and peace,
  Framed your hideous lusts to please,
     Hunger and Cold!

  Scatter ashes on thy head,
  Tears of burning sorrow shed,
  Earth! and be by pity led
     To Love's fold;
  Ere they block the very door
  With lean corpses of the poor,
  And will hush for naught but gore,--
     Hunger and Cold!

    1844.




            THE LANDLORD.


  What boot your houses and your lands?
    In spite of close-drawn deed and fence,
  Like water, 'twixt your cheated hands,
  They slip into the graveyard's sands
    And mock your ownership's pretence.

  How shall you speak to urge your right,
    Choked with that soil for which you lust
  The bit of clay, for whose delight
  You grasp, is mortgaged, too; Death might
    Foreclose this very day in dust.

  Fence as you please, this plain poor man,
    Whose only fields are in his wit,
  Who shapes the world, as best he can,
  According to God's higher plan,
    Owns you and fences as is fit.

  Though yours the rents, his incomes wax
    By right of eminent domain;
  From factory tall to woodman's axe,
  All things on earth must pay their tax,
    To feed his hungry heart and brain.

  He takes you from your easy-chair,
    And what he plans, that you must do.
  You sleep in down, eat dainty fare,--
  He mounts his crazy garret-stair
    And starves, the landlord over you.

  Feeding the clods your idlesse drains,
    You make more green six feet of soil;
  His fruitful word, like suns and rains,
  Partakes the seasons' bounteous pains,
    And toils to lighten human toil.

  Your lands, with force or cunning got,
    Shrink to the measure of the grave;
  But Death himself abridges not
  The tenures of almighty thought,
    The titles of the wise and brave.




            TO A PINE-TREE.


  Far up on Katahdin thou towerest,
    Purple-blue with the distance and vast;
  Like a cloud o'er the lowlands thou lowerest,
    That hangs poised on a lull in the blast,
      To its fall leaning awful.

  In the storm, like a prophet o'ermaddened,
    Thou singest and tossest thy branches;
  Thy heart with the terror is gladdened,
    Thou forebodest the dread avalanches,
      When whole mountains swoop valeward.

  In the calm thou o'erstretchest the valleys
    With thine arms, as if blessings imploring,
  Like an old king led forth from his palace,
    When his people to battle are pouring
      From the city beneath him.

  To the lumberer asleep 'neath thy glooming
    Thou dost sing of wild billows in motion,
  Till he longs to be swung mid their booming
    In the tents of the Arabs of ocean,
      Whose finned isles are their cattle.

  For the gale snatches thee for his lyre,
    With mad hand crashing melody frantic,
  While he pours forth his mighty desire
    To leap down on the eager Atlantic,
      Whose arms stretch to his playmate.

  The wild storm makes his lair in thy branches,
    Preying thence on the continent under;
  Like a lion, crouched close on his haunches,
    There awaiteth his leap the fierce thunder,
      Growling low with impatience.

  Spite of winter, thou keep'st thy green glory,
    Lusty father of Titans past number!
  The snow-flakes alone make thee hoary,
    Nestling close to thy branches in slumber,
      And thee mantling with silence.

  Thou alone know'st the splendor of winter,
    Mid thy snow-silvered, hushed precipices,
  Hearing crags of green ice groan and splinter,
    And then plunge down the muffled abysses
      In the quiet of midnight.

  Thou alone know'st the glory of summer,
    Gazing down on thy broad seas of forest,
  On thy subjects that send a proud murmur
    Up to thee, to their sachem, who towerest
      From thy bleak throne to heaven.




      SI DESCENDERO IN INFERNUM, ADES.


  O, wandering dim on the extremest edge
    Of God's bright providence, whose spirits sigh
  Drearily in you, like the winter sedge
    That shivers o'er the dead pool stiff and dry,
    A thin, sad voice, when the bold wind roars by
         From the clear North of Duty,--
  Still by cracked arch and broken shaft I trace
  That here was once a shrine and holy place
         Of the supernal Beauty,--
    A child's play-altar reared of stones and moss,
    With wilted flowers for offering laid across,
  Mute recognition of the all-ruling Grace.

  How far are ye from the innocent, from those
    Whose hearts are as a little lane serene,
  Smooth-heaped from wall to wall with unbroke snows,
    Or in the summer blithe with lamb-cropped green,
    Save the one track, where naught more rude is seen
         Than the plump wain at even
  Bringing home four months' sunshine bound in sheaves!--
  How far are ye from those! yet who believes
         That ye can shut out heaven?
    Your souls partake its influence, not in vain
    Nor all unconscious, as that silent lane
  Its drift of noiseless apple-blooms receives.

  Looking within myself, I note how thin
    A plank of station, chance, or prosperous fate,
  Doth fence me from the clutching waves of sin;--
    In my own heart I find the worst man's mate,
    And see not dimly the smooth-hingèd gate
         That opes to those abysses
  Where ye grope darkly,--ye who never knew
  On your young hearts love's consecrating dew,
         Or felt a mother's kisses,
    Or home's restraining tendrils round you curled.
    Ah, side by side with heart's-ease in this world
  The fatal night-shade grows and bitter rue!

  One band ye cannot break,--the force that clips
    And grasps your circles to the central light;
  Yours is the prodigal comet's long ellipse,
    Self-exiled to the farthest verge of night;
    Yet strives with you no less that inward might
         No sin hath e'er imbruted;
  The god in you the creed-dimmed eye eludes;
  The Law brooks not to have its solitudes
         By bigot feet polluted;--
    Yet they who watch your god-compelled return
    May see your happy perihelion burn
  Where the calm sun his unfledged planets broods.




              TO THE PAST.


  Wondrous and awful are thy silent halls,
     O kingdom of the past!
  There lie the bygone ages in their palls,
     Guarded by shadows vast,--
    There all is hushed and breathless,
  Save when some image of old error falls
    Earth worshipped once as deathless.

  There sits drear Egypt, mid beleaguering sands,
     Half woman and half beast,
  The burnt-out torch within her mouldering hands
     That once lit all the East;
    A dotard bleared and hoary,
  There Asser crouches o'er the blackened brands
    Of Asia's long-quenched glory.

  Still as a city buried 'neath the sea,
     Thy courts and temples stand;
  Idle as forms on wind-waved tapestry
     Of saints and heroes grand,
    Thy phantasms grope and shiver,
  Or watch the loose shores crumbling silently
    Into Time's gnawing river.

  Titanic shapes with faces blank and dun,
     Of their old godhead lorn,
  Gaze on the embers of the sunken sun,
     Which they misdeem for morn;
    And yet the eternal sorrow
  In their unmonarched eyes says day is done
    Without the hope of morrow.

  O realm of silence and of swart eclipse,
     The shapes that haunt thy gloom
  Make signs to us and move their withered lips
     Across the gulf of doom;
    Yet all their sound and motion
  Bring no more freight to us than wraiths of ships
    On the mirage's ocean.

  And if sometimes a moaning wandereth
     From out thy desolate halls,
  If some grim shadow of thy living death
     Across our sunshine falls
    And scares the world to error,
  The eternal life sends forth melodious breath
    To chase the misty terror.

  Thy mighty clamors, wars, and world-noised deeds
     Are silent now in dust,
  Gone like a tremble of the huddling reeds
     Beneath some sudden gust;
    Thy forms and creeds have vanished,
  Tossed out to wither like unsightly weeds
    From the world's garden banished.

  Whatever of true life there was in thee
     Leaps in our age's veins;
  Wield still thy bent and wrinkled empery,
     And shake thine idle chains;--
    To thee thy dross is clinging,
  For us thy martyrs die, thy prophets see,
    Thy poets still are singing.

  Here, mid the bleak waves of our strife and care,
     Float the green Fortunate Isles,
  Where all thy hero-spirits dwell, and share
     Our martyrdoms and toils;
    The present moves attended
  With all of brave and excellent and fair
    That made the old time splendid.




                TO THE FUTURE.


  O Land of Promise! from what Pisgah's height
    Can I behold thy stretch of peaceful bowers,
  Thy golden harvests flowing out of sight,
    Thy nestled homes and sun-illumined towers?
    Gazing upon the sunset's high-heaped gold,
  Its crags of opal and of chrysolite,
    Its deeps on deeps of glory, that unfold
     Still brightening abysses,
     And blazing precipices,
  Whence but a scanty leap it seems to heaven,
     Sometimes a glimpse is given
  Of thy more gorgeous realm, thy more unstinted blisses.

  O Land of Quiet! to thy shore the surf
    Of the perturbèd Present rolls and sleeps;
  Our storms breathe soft as June upon thy turf
    And lure out blossoms; to thy bosom leaps,
  As to a mother's, the o'erwearied heart,
  Hearing far off and dim the toiling mart,
    The hurrying feet, the curses without number,
     And, circled with the glow Elysian,
     Of thine exulting vision,
  Out of its very cares wooes charms for peace and slumber.

  To thee the Earth lifts up her fettered hands
    And cries for vengeance; with a pitying smile
  Thou blessest her, and she forgets her bands,
    And her old woe-worn face a little while
  Grows young and noble; unto thee the Oppressor
     Looks, and is dumb with awe;
     The eternal law,
  Which makes the crime its own blindfold redresser,
  Shadows his heart with perilous foreboding,
     And he can see the grim-eyed Doom
     From out the trembling gloom
  Its silent-footed steeds toward his palace goading.

  What promises hast thou for Poets' eyes,
    Aweary of the turmoil and the wrong!
  To all their hopes what overjoyed replies!
    What undreamed ecstasies for blissful song!
  Thy happy plains no war-trump's brawling clangor
    Disturbs, and fools the poor to hate the poor;
  The humble glares not on the high with anger;
    Love leaves no grudge at less, no greed for more;
  In vain strives Self the god-like sense to smother;
     From the soul's deeps
     It throbs and leaps;
  The noble 'neath foul rags beholds his long-lost brother.

  To thee the Martyr looketh, and his fires
    Unlock their fangs and leave his spirit free;
  To thee the Poet mid his toil aspires,
    And grief and hunger climb about his knee,
  Welcome as children; thou upholdest
    The lone Inventor by his demon haunted;
  The Prophet cries to thee when hearts are coldest,
     And, gazing o'er the midnight's bleak abyss,
     Sees the drowsed soul awaken at thy kiss,
  And stretch its happy arms and leap up disenchanted.

  Thou bringest vengeance, but so loving-kindly
    The guilty thinks it pity; taught by thee,
  Fierce tyrants drop the scourges wherewith blindly
    Their own souls they were scarring; conquerors see
  With horror in their hands the accursed spear
    That tore the meek One's side on Calvary,
  And from their trophies shrink with ghastly fear;
     Thou, too, art the Forgiver,
    The beauty of man's soul to man revealing;
     The arrows from thy quiver
  Pierce Error's guilty heart, but only pierce for healing.

  O, whither, whither, glory-wingèd dreams,
    From out Life's sweat and turmoil would ye bear me?
  Shut, gates of Fancy, on your golden gleams,--
    This agony of hopeless contrast spare me!
  Fade, cheating glow, and leave me to my night!
     He is a coward, who would borrow
     A charm against the present sorrow
  From the vague Future's promise of delight:
    As life's alarums nearer roll,
     The ancestral buckler calls,
     Self-clanging from the walls
    In the high temple of the soul;
  Where are most sorrows, there the poet's sphere is,
     To feed the soul with patience,
     To heal its desolations
  With words of unshorn truth, with love that never wearies.




                HEBE.


    I saw the twinkle of white feet,
  I saw the flash of robes descending;
    Before her ran an influence fleet,
  That bowed my heart like barley bending.

    As, in bare fields, the searching bees
  Pilot to blooms beyond our finding,
    It led me on, by sweet degrees,
  Joy's simple honey-cells unbinding.

    Those Graces were that seemed grim Fates;
  With nearer love the sky leaned o'er me;
    The long-sought Secret's golden gates
  On musical hinges swung before me.

    I saw the brimmed bowl in her grasp
  Thrilling with godhood; like a lover
    I sprang the proffered life to clasp;--
  The beaker fell; the luck was over.

    The Earth has drunk the vintage up;
  What boots it patch the goblet's splinters?
    Can Summer fill the icy cup,
  Whose treacherous crystal is but Winter's?

    O spendthrift, haste! await the Gods;
  Their nectar crowns the lips of Patience;
    Haste scatters on unthankful sods
  The immortal gift in vain libations.

    Coy Hebe flies from those that woo,
  And shuns the hands would seize upon her,
    Follow thy life, and she will sue
  To pour for thee the cup of honor.




                THE SEARCH.


        I went to seek for Christ,
        And Nature seemed so fair
  That first the woods and fields my youth enticed,
      And I was sure to find him there:
        The temple I forsook,
        And to the solitude
  Allegiance paid; but winter came and shook
      The crown and purple from my wood;
  His snows, like desert sands, with scornful drift,
    Besieged the columned aisle and palace-gate;
  My Thebes, cut deep with many a solemn rift,
    But epitaphed her own sepulchred state:
  Then I remembered whom I went to seek,
  And blessed blunt Winter for his counsel bleak.

        Back to the world I turned,
        For Christ, I said, is king;
  So the cramped alley and the hut I spurned,
      As far beneath his sojourning:
        Mid power and wealth I sought,
        But found no trace of him,
  And all the costly offerings I had brought
      With sudden rust and mould grew dim:
  I found his tomb, indeed, where, by their laws,
    All must on stated days themselves imprison,
  Mocking with bread a dead creed's grinning jaws,
    Witless how long the life had thence arisen;
  Due sacrifice to this they set apart,
  Prizing it more than Christ's own living heart.

        So from my feet the dust
        Of the proud World I shook;
  Then came dear Love and shared with me his crust,
     And half my sorrow's burden took.
        After the World's soft bed,
        Its rich and dainty fare,
  Like down seemed Love's coarse pillow to my head,
      His cheap food seemed as manna rare;
  Fresh-trodden prints of bare and bleeding feet,
    Turned to the heedless city whence I came,
  Hard by I saw, and springs of worship sweet
    Gushed from my cleft heart smitten by the same;
  Love looked me in the face and spake no words,
  But straight I knew those foot-prints were the Lord's.

        I followed where they led
        And in a hovel rude,
  With naught to fence the weather from his head,
      The King I sought for meekly stood
        A naked, hungry child
        Clung round his gracious knee,
  And a poor hunted slave looked up and smiled
      To bless the smile that set him free;
  New miracles I saw his presence do,--
    No more I knew the hovel bare and poor,
  The gathered chips into a woodpile grew,
    The broken morsel swelled to goodly store;
  I knelt and wept: my Christ no more I seek,
  His throne is with the outcast and the weak.




                        THE PRESENT CRISIS.


  When a deed is done for Freedom, through the broad earth's aching breast
  Runs a thrill of joy prophetic, trembling on from east to west,
  And the slave, where'er he cowers, feels the soul within him climb
  To the awful verge of manhood, as the energy sublime
  Of a century bursts full-blossomed on the thorny stem of Time.

  Through the walls of hut and palace shoots the instantaneous throe,
  When the travail of the Ages wrings earth's systems to and fro;
  At the birth of each new Era, with a recognizing start,
  Nation wildly looks at nation, standing with mute lips apart,
  And glad Truth's yet mightier man-child leaps beneath the Future's heart.

  So the Evil's triumph sendeth, with a terror and a chill,
  Under continent to continent, the sense of coming ill,
  And the slave, where'er he cowers, feels his sympathies with God
  In hot tear-drops ebbing earthward, to be drunk up by the sod,
  Till a corpse crawls round unburied, delving in the nobler clod.

  For mankind are one in spirit, and an instinct bears along,
  Round the earth's electric circle, the swift flush of right or wrong;
  Whether conscious or unconscious, yet Humanity's vast frame
  Through its ocean-sundered fibres feels the gush of joy or shame;--
  In the gain or loss of one race all the rest have equal claim.

  Once to every man and nation comes the moment to decide,
  In the strife of Truth with Falsehood, for the good or evil side;
  Some great cause, God's new Messiah, offering each the bloom or blight,
  Parts the goats upon the left hand, and the sheep upon the right,
  And the choice goes by forever 'twixt that darkness and that light.

  Hast thou chosen, O my people, on whose party thou shalt stand,
  Ere the Doom from its worn sandals shakes the dust against our land?
  Though the cause of Evil prosper, yet 'tis Truth alone is strong,
  And, albeit she wander outcast now, I see around her throng
  Troops of beautiful, tall angels, to enshield her from all wrong.

  Backward look across the ages and the beacon-moments see,
  That, like peaks of some sunk continent, jut through Oblivion's sea;
  Not an ear in court or market for the low foreboding cry
  Of those Crises, God's stern winnowers, from whose feet earth's chaff
    must fly;
  Never shows the choice momentous till the judgment hath passed by.

  Careless seems the great Avenger; history's pages but record
  One death-grapple in the darkness 'twixt old systems and the Word;
  Truth forever on the scaffold, Wrong forever on the throne,--
  Yet that scaffold sways the Future, and, behind the dim unknown,
  Standeth God within the shadow, keeping watch above his own.

  We see dimly in the Present what is small and what is great,
  Slow of faith, how weak an arm may turn the iron helm of fate,
  But the soul is still oracular; amid the market's din,
  List the ominous stern whisper from the Delphic cave within,--
  "They enslave their children's children who make compromise with sin."

  Slavery, the earthborn Cyclops, fellest of the giant brood,
  Sons of brutish Force and Darkness, who have drenched the earth with
    blood,
  Famished in his self-made desert, blinded by our purer day,
  Gropes in yet unblasted regions for his miserable prey;--
  Shall we guide his gory fingers where our helpless children play?

  Then to side with Truth is noble when we share her wretched crust,
  Ere her cause bring fame and profit, and 'tis prosperous to be just;
  Then it is the brave man chooses, while the coward stands aside,
  Doubting in his abject spirit, till his Lord is crucified,
  And the multitude make virtue of the faith they had denied.

  Count me o'er earth's chosen heroes,--they were souls that stood alone,
  While the men they agonized for hurled the contumelious stone,
  Stood serene, and down the future saw the golden beam incline
  To the side of perfect justice, mastered by their faith divine,
  By one man's plain truth to manhood and to God's supreme design.

  By the light of burning heretics Christ's bleeding feet I track,
  Toiling up new Calvaries ever with the cross that turns not back,
  And these mounts of anguish number how each generation learned
  One new word of that grand _Credo_ which in prophet-hearts hath burned
  Since the first man stood God-conquered with his face to heaven upturned.

  For Humanity sweeps onward: where to-day the martyr stands,
  On the morrow crouches Judas with the silver in his hands;
  Far in front the cross stands ready and the crackling fagots burn,
  While the hooting mob of yesterday in silent awe return
  To glean up the scattered ashes into History's golden urn.

  'Tis as easy to be heroes as to sit the idle slaves
  Of a legendary virtue carved upon our fathers' graves,
  Worshippers of light ancestral make the present light a crime;--
  Was the Mayflower launched by cowards, steered by men behind their time?
  Turn those tracks toward Past or Future, that make Plymouth rock sublime?

  They were men of present valor, stalwart old iconoclasts,
  Unconvinced by axe or gibbet that all virtue was the Past's;
  But we make their truth our falsehood, thinking that hath made us free,
  Hoarding it in mouldy parchments, while our tender spirits flee
  The rude grasp of that great Impulse which drove them across the sea.

  They have rights who dare maintain them; we are traitors to our sires,
  Smothering in their holy ashes Freedom's new-lit altar-fires;
  Shall we make their creed our jailer? Shall we, in our haste to slay,
  From the tombs of the old prophets steal the funeral lamps away
  To light up the martyr-fagots round the prophets of to-day?

  New occasions teach new duties; Time makes ancient good uncouth;
  They must upward still, and onward, who would keep abreast of Truth;
  Lo, before us gleam her camp-fires! we ourselves must Pilgrims be,
  Launch our Mayflower, and steer boldly through the desperate winter sea,
  Nor attempt the Future's portal with the Past's blood-rusted key.

    _December, 1845._




              AN INDIAN-SUMMER REVERIE.


     What visionary tints the year puts on,
    When falling leaves falter through motionless air
     Or numbly cling and shiver to be gone!
    How shimmer the low flats and pastures bare,
     As with her nectar Hebe Autumn fills
     The bowl between me and those distant hills,
  And smiles and shakes abroad her misty, tremulous hair!

     No more the landscape holds its wealth apart.
    Making me poorer in my poverty,
     But mingles with my senses and my heart;
    My own projected spirit seems to me
     In her own reverie the world to steep;
     'Tis she that waves to sympathetic sleep,
  Moving, as she is moved, each field and hill, and tree.

     How fuse and mix, with what unfelt degrees,
    Clasped by the faint horizon's languid arms,
     Each into each, the hazy distances!
    The softened season all the landscape charms;
     Those hills, my native village that embay,
     In waves of dreamier purple roll away,
  And floating in mirage seem all the glimmering farms.

     Far distant sounds the hidden chickadee
    Close at my side; far distant sound the leaves;
     The fields seem fields of dream, where Memory
    Wanders like gleaning Ruth; and as the sheaves
     Of wheat and barley wavered in the eye
     Of Boaz as the maiden's glow went by,
  So tremble and seem remote all things the sense receives.

     The cock's shrill trump that tells of scattered corn,
    Passed breezily on by all his flapping mates,
     Faint and more faint, from barn to barn is borne,
    Southward, perhaps to far Magellan's Straits;
     Dimly I catch the throb of distant flails;
     Silently overhead the henhawk sails,
  With watchful, measuring eye, and for his quarry waits.

     The sobered robin, hunger-silent now,
    Seeks cedar-berries blue, his autumn cheer;
     The squirrel on the shingly shagbark's bough,
    Now saws, now lists with downward eye and ear,
     Then drops his nut, and, with a chipping bound,
     Whisks to his winding fastness underground;
  The clouds like swans drift down the streaming atmosphere.

     O'er yon bare knoll the pointed cedar shadows
    Drowse on the crisp, gray moss; the ploughman's call
     Creeps faint as smoke from black, fresh-furrowed meadows;
    The single crow a single caw lets fall;
     And all around me every bush and tree
     Says Autumn 's here, and Winter soon will be
  Who snows his soft, white sleep and silence over all.

     The birch, most shy and lady-like of trees,
    Her poverty, as best she may, retrieves,
     And hints at her foregone gentilities
    With some saved relics of her wealth of leaves;
     The swamp-oak, with his royal purple on,
     Glares red as blood across the sinking sun,
  As one who proudlier to a falling fortune cleaves.

     He looks a sachem, in red blanket wrapt,
    Who, mid some council of the sad-garbed whites,
     Erect and stern, in his own memories lapt,
    With distant eye broods over other sights,
     Sees the hushed wood the city's flare replace,
     The wounded turf heal o'er the railway's trace,
  And roams the savage Past of his undwindled rights.

     The red-oak, softer-grained, yields all for lost,
    And, with his crumpled foliage stiff and dry,
     After the first betrayal of the frost,
    Rebuffs the kiss of the relenting sky;
     The chestnuts, lavish of their long-hid gold,
     To the faint Summer, beggared now and old,
  Pour back the sunshine hoarded 'neath her favoring eye.

     The ash her purple drops forgivingly
    And sadly, breaking not the general hush;
     The maple-swamps glow like a sunset sea,
    Each leaf a ripple with its separate flush;
     All round the wood's edge creeps the skirting blaze
     Of bushes low, as when, on cloudy days,
  Ere the rain falls, the cautious farmer burns his brush.

     O'er yon low wall, which guards one unkempt zone,
    Where vines, and weeds, and scrub-oaks intertwine
     Safe from the plough, whose rough, discordant stone
    Is massed to one soft gray by lichens fine,
     The tangled blackberry, crossed and recrossed, weaves
     A prickly network of ensanguined leaves;
  Hard by, with coral beads, the prim black-alders shine.

     Pillaring with flame this crumbling boundary,
    Whose loose blocks topple 'neath the ploughboy's foot,
     Who, with each sense shut fast except the eye,
    Creeps close and scares the jay he hoped to shoot,
     The woodbine up the elm's straight stem aspires.
     Coiling it, harmless, with autumnal fires;
  In the ivy's paler blaze the martyr oak stands mute.

     Below, the Charles--a stripe of nether sky,
    Now hid by rounded apple-trees between,
     Whose gaps the misplaced sail sweeps bellying by,
    Now flickering golden through a woodland screen,
     Then spreading out at his next turn beyond,
     A silver circle like an inland pond--
  Slips seaward silently through marshes purple and green.

     Dear marshes! vain to him the gift of sight
    Who cannot in their various incomes share,
     From every season drawn, of shade and light,
    Who sees in them but levels brown and bare;
     Each change of storm or sunshine scatters free
     On them its largesse of variety,
  For nature with cheap means still works her wonders rare.

     In Spring they lie one broad expanse of green,
    O'er which the light winds run with glimmering feet;
     Here, yellower stripes track out the creek unseen,
    There, darker growths o'er hidden ditches meet;
     And purpler stains show where the blossoms crowd,
     As if the silent shadow of a cloud
  Hung there becalmed, with the next breath to fleet.

     All round, upon the river's slippery edge,
    Witching to deeper calm the drowsy tide,
     Whispers and leans the breeze-entangling sedge;
    Through emerald glooms the lingering waters slide,
     Or, sometimes wavering, throw back the sun,
     And the stiff banks in eddies melt and run
  Of dimpling light, and with the current seem to glide.

     In Summer 'tis a blithesome sight to see,
    As, step by step, with measured swing, they pass,
     The wide-ranked mowers wading to the knee,
    Their sharp scythes panting through the thick-set grass;
     Then, stretched beneath a rick's shade in a ring,
     Their nooning take, while one begins to sing
  A stave that droops and dies 'neath the close sky of brass.

     Meanwhile the devil-may-care, the bobolink,
    Remembering duty, in mid-quaver stops
     Just ere he sweeps o'er rapture's tremulous brink,
    And 'twixt the winrows most demurely drops,
     A decorous bird of business, who provides
     For his brown mate and fledglings six besides,
  And looks from right to left, a farmer mid his crops.

     Another change subdues them in the Fall,
    But saddens not; they still show merrier tints,
     Though sober russet seems to cover all;
    When the first sunshine through their dew-drops glints,
     Look how the yellow clearness, streamed across,
     Redeems with rarer hues the season's loss,
  As Dawn's feet there had touched and left their rosy prints.

     Or come when sunset gives its freshened zest,
    Lean o'er the bridge and let the ruddy thrill,
     While the shorn sun swells down the hazy west,
    Glow opposite;--the marshes drink their fill
     And swoon with purple veins, then slowly fade
     Through pink to brown, as eastward moves the shade,
  Lengthening with stealthy creep, of Simond's darkening hill.

     Later, and yet ere Winter wholly shuts,
    Ere through the first dry snow the runner grates,
     And the loath cart-wheel screams in slippery ruts,
    While firmer ice the eager boy awaits,
     Trying each buckle and strap beside the fire,
     And until bed-time plays with his desire,
  Twenty times putting on and off his new-bought skates;--

     Then, every morn, the river's banks shine bright
    With smooth plate-armor, treacherous and frail,
     By the frost's clinking hammers forged at night,
   'Gainst which the lances of the sun prevail,
     Giving a pretty emblem of the day
     When guiltier arms in light shall melt away,
  And states shall move free-limbed, loosed from war's cramping mail.

     And now those waterfalls the ebbing river
    Twice every day creates on either side
     Tinkle, as through their fresh-sparred grots they shiver
    In grass-arched channels to the sun denied;
     High flaps in sparkling blue the far-heard crow,
     The silvered flats gleam frostily below,
  Suddenly drops the gull and breaks the glassy tide.

     But, crowned in turn by vying seasons three,
    Their winter halo hath a fuller ring;
     This glory seems to rest immovably,--
    The others were too fleet and vanishing;
     When the hid tide is at its highest flow,
     O'er marsh and stream one breathless trance of snow
  With brooding fulness awes and hushes everything.

     The sunshine seems blown off by the bleak wind,
    As pale as formal candles lit by day;
     Gropes to the sea the river dumb and blind;
    The brown ricks, snow-thatched by the storm in play,
     Show pearly breakers combing o'er their lee,
     White crests as of some just enchanted sea,
  Checked in their maddest leap and hanging poised midway.

     But when the eastern blow, with rain aslant,
    From mid-sea's prairies green and rolling plains
     Drives in his wallowing herds of billows gaunt,
    And the roused Charles remembers in his veins
     Old Ocean's blood and snaps his gyves of frost,
     That tyrannous silence on the shores is tost
  In dreary wreck, and crumbling desolation reigns.

     Edgewise or flat, in Druid-like device,
    With leaden pools between or gullies bare,
     The blocks lie strewn, a bleak Stonehenge of ice;
    No life, no sound, to break the grim despair,
     Save sullen plunge, as through the sedges stiff
     Down crackles riverward some thaw-sapped cliff,
  Or when the close-wedged fields of ice crunch here and there.

     But let me turn from fancy-pictured scenes
    To that whose pastoral calm before me lies:
     Here nothing harsh or rugged intervenes;
    The early evening with her misty dyes
     Smooths off the ravelled edges of the nigh,
     Relieves the distant with her cooler sky,
  And tones the landscape down, and soothes the wearied eyes.

     There gleams my native village, dear to me,
    Though higher change's waves each day are seen,
     Whelming fields famed in boyhood's history,
    Sanding with houses the diminished green;
     There, in red brick, which softening time defies,
     Stand square and stiff the Muses' factories;--
  How with my life knit up is every well-known scene!

     Flow on, dear river! not alone you flow
    To outward sight, and through your marshes wind;
     Fed from the mystic springs of long-ago,
    Your twin flows silent through my world of mind:
     Grow dim, dear marshes, in the evening's gray!
     Before my inner sight ye stretch away,
  And will forever, though these fleshly eyes grow blind.

     Beyond that hillock's house-bespotted swell,
    Where Gothic chapels house the horse and chaise,
     Where quiet cits in Grecian temples dwell,
    Where Coptic tombs resound with prayer and praise,
     Where dust and mud the equal year divide,
     There gentle Allston lived, and wrought, and died,
  Transfiguring street and shop with his illumined gaze.

     _Virgilium vidi tantum_,--I have seen
    But as a boy, who looks alike on all,
     That misty hair, that fine Undine-like mien,
    Tremulous as down to feeling's faintest call;--
     Ah, dear old homestead! count it to thy fame
     That thither many times the Painter came;--
  One elm yet bears his name, a feathery tree and tall.

     Swiftly the present fades in memory's glow,--
    Our only sure possession is the past;
     The village blacksmith died a month ago,
    And dim to me the forge's roaring blast;
     Soon fire-new mediævals we shall see
     Oust the black smithy from its chestnut tree,
  And that hewn down, perhaps, the beehive green and vast.

     How many times, prouder than king on throne,
    Loosed from the village school-dame's A's and B's,
     Panting have I the creaky bellows blown,
    And watched the pent volcano's red increase,
     Then paused to see the ponderous sledge, brought down
     By that hard arm voluminous and brown,
  From the white iron swarm its golden vanishing bees.

     Dear native town! whose choking elms each year
    With eddying dust before their time turn gray,
     Pining for rain,--to me thy dust is dear;
    It glorifies the eve of summer day,
     And when the westering sun half-sunken burns,
     The mote-thick air to deepest orange turns,
  The westward horseman rides through clouds of gold away,

     So palpable, I've seen those unshorn few,
    The six old willows at the causey's end,
     (Such trees Paul Potter never dreamed nor drew,)
    Through this dry mist their checkering shadows send,
     Striped, here and there, with many a long-drawn thread,
     Where streamed through leafy chinks the trembling red,
  Past which, in one bright trail, the hangbird's flashes blend.

     Yes, dearer far thy dust than all that e'er,
    Beneath the awarded crown of victory,
     Gilded the blown Olympic charioteer;
    Though lightly prized the ribboned parchments three,
     Yet _collegisse juvat_, I am glad
     That here what colleging was mine I had,--
  It linked another tie, dear native town, with thee!

     Nearer art thou than simply native earth,
    My dust with thine concedes a deeper tie;
     A closer claim thy soil may well put forth,
    Something of kindred more than sympathy;
     For in thy bounds I reverently laid away
     That blinding anguish of forsaken clay,
  That title I seemed to have in earth and sea and sky,

     That portion of my life more choice to me
    (Though brief, yet in itself so round and whole)
     Than all the imperfect residue can be;--
    The Artist saw his statue of the soul
     Was perfect; so, with one regretful stroke,
     The earthen model into fragments broke,
  And without her the impoverished seasons roll.




        THE GROWTH OF THE LEGEND.

              A FRAGMENT.


  A legend that grew in the forest's hush
  Slowly as tear-drops gather and gush,
  When a word some poet chanced to say
  Ages ago, in his careless way,
  Brings our youth back to us out of its shroud
  Clearly as under yon thunder-cloud
  I see that white sea-gull. It grew and grew,
  From the pine-trees gathering a sombre hue,
  Till it seems a mere murmur out of the vast
  Norwegian forests of the past;
  And it grew itself like a true Northern pine,
  First a little slender line,
  Like a mermaid's green eyelash, and then anon
  A stem that a tower might rest upon,
  Standing spear-straight in the waist-deep moss,
  Its bony roots clutching around and across,
  As if they would tear up earth's heart in their grasp
  Ere the storm should uproot them or make them unclasp;
  Its cloudy boughs singing, as suiteth the pine,
  To shrunk snow-bearded sea-kings old songs of the brine,
  Till they straightened and let their staves fall to the floor,
  Hearing waves moan again on the perilous shore
  Of Vinland, perhaps, while their prow groped its way
  'Twixt the frothy gnashed tusks of some ship-crunching bay.

  So, pine-like, the legend grew, strong-limbed and tall,
  As the Gipsy child grows that eats crusts in the hall;
  It sucked the whole strength of the earth and the sky,
  Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter, all brought it supply;
  'Twas a natural growth, and stood fearlessly there,
  A true part of the landscape as sea, land, and air;
  For it grew in good times, ere the fashion it was
  To force up these wild births of the woods under glass,
  And so, if 'tis told as it should be told,
  Though 't were sung under Venice's moonlight of gold,
  You would hear the old voice of its mother, the pine,
  Murmur sea-like and northern through every line,
  And the verses should hang, self-sustained and free,
  Round the vibrating stem of the melody,
  Like the lithe sun-steeped limbs of the parent tree.

  Yes, the pine is the mother of legends; what food
  For their grim roots is left when the thousand-yeared wood--
  The dim-aisled cathedral, whose tall arches spring
  Light, sinewy, graceful, firm-set as the wing
  From Michael's white shoulder--is hewn and defaced
  By iconoclast axes in desperate waste,
  And its wrecks seek the ocean it prophesied long,
  Cassandra-like, crooning its mystical song?
  Then the legends go with them,--even yet on the sea
  A wild virtue is left in the touch of the tree,
  And the sailor's night-watches are thrilled to the core
  With the lineal offspring of Odin and Thor.

  Yes, wherever the pine-wood has never let in,
  Since the day of creation, the light and the din
  Of manifold life, but has safely conveyed
  From the midnight primeval its armful of shade,
  And has kept the weird Past with its sagas alive
  Mid the hum and the stir of To-day's busy hive,
  There the legend takes root in the age-gathered gloom,
  And its murmurous boughs for their tossing find room.

  Where Aroostook, far-heard, seems to sob as he goes
  Groping down to the sea 'neath his mountainous snows;
  Where the lake's frore Sahara of never-tracked white,
  When the crack shoots across it, complains to the night
  With a long, lonely moan, that leagues northward is lost,
  As the ice shrinks away from the tread of the frost;
  Where the lumberers sit by the log-fires which throw
  Their own threatening shadows far round o'er the snow,
  When the wolf howls aloof, and the wavering glare
  Flashes out from the blackness the eyes of the bear,
  When the wood's huge recesses, half-lighted, supply
  A canvas where Fancy her mad brush may try,
  Blotting in giant Horrors that venture not down
  Through the right-angled streets of the brisk, whitewashed town,
  But skulk in the depths of the measureless wood
  Mid the Dark's creeping whispers that curdle the blood,
  When the eye, glanced in dread o'er the shoulder, may dream,
  Ere it shrinks to the camp-fire's companioning gleam,
  That it saw the fierce ghost of the Red Man crouch back
  To the shroud of the tree-trunk's invincible black;--
  There the old shapes crowd thick round the pine-shadowed camp,
  Which shun the keen gleam of the scholarly lamp,
  And the seed of the legend finds true Norland ground,
  While the border-tale's told and the canteen flits round.




            A CONTRAST.


  Thy love thou sentest oft to me,
    And still as oft I thrust it back;
  Thy messengers I could not see
    In those who everything did lack,--
    The poor, the outcast, and the black.

  Pride held his hand before mine eyes,
    The world with flattery stuffed mine ears;
  I looked to see a monarch's guise,
    Nor dreamed thy love would knock for years,
    Poor, naked, fettered, full of tears.

  Yet, when I sent my love to thee,
    Thou with a smile didst take it in,
  And entertain'dst it royally,
    Though grimed with earth, with hunger thin,
    And leprous with the taint of sin.

  Now every day thy love I meet,
    As o'er the earth it wanders wide,
  With weary step and bleeding feet,
    Still knocking at the heart of pride
    And offering grace, though still denied.




            EXTREME UNCTION.


  Go! leave me, Priest; my soul would be
    Alone with the consoler, Death;
  Far sadder eyes than thine will see
    This crumbling clay yield up its breath;
  These shrivelled hands have deeper stains
    Than holy oil can cleanse away,--
  Hands that have plucked the world's coarse gains
    As erst they plucked the flowers of May.

  Call, if thou canst, to these gray eyes
    Some faith from youth's traditions wrung;
  This fruitless husk which dustward dries
    Has been a heart once, has been young;
  On this bowed head the awful Past
    Once laid its consecrating hands;
  The Future in its purpose vast
    Paused, waiting my supreme commands.

  But look! whose shadows block the door?
    Who are those two that stand aloof?
  See! on my hands this freshening gore
    Writes o'er again its crimson proof!
  My looked-for death-bed guests are met;--
    There my dead Youth doth wring its hands,
  And there, with eyes that goad me yet,
    The ghost of my Ideal stands!

  God bends from out the deep and says,--
   "I gave thee the great gift of life;
  Wast thou not called in many ways?
    Are not my earth and heaven at strife?
  I gave thee of my seed to sow,
    Bringest thou me my hundred-fold?"
  Can I look up with face aglow,
    And answer, "Father, here is gold?"

  I have been innocent; God knows
    When first this wasted life began,
  Not grape with grape more kindly grows,
    Than I with every brother-man:
  Now here I gasp; what lose my kind,
    When this fast-ebbing breath shall part?
  What bands of love and service bind
    This being to the world's sad heart?

  Christ still was wandering o'er the earth,
    Without a place to lay his head;
  He found free welcome at my hearth,
    He shared my cup and broke my bread:
  Now, when I hear those steps sublime,
    That bring the other world to this,
  My snake-turned nature, sunk in slime,
    Starts sideway with defiant hiss.

  Upon the hour when I was born,
    God said, "Another man shall be,"
  And the great Maker did not scorn
    Out of himself to fashion me;
  He sunned me with his ripening looks,
    And Heaven's rich instincts in me grew,
  As effortless as woodland nooks
    Send violets up and paint them blue.

  Yes, I who now, with angry tears,
    Am exiled back to brutish clod,
  Have borne unquenched for fourscore years
    A spark of the eternal God;
  And to what end? How yield I back
    The trust for such high uses given?
  Heaven's light hath but revealed a track
    Whereby to crawl away from heaven.

  Men think it is an awful sight
    To see a soul just set adrift
  On that drear voyage from whose night
    The ominous shadows never lift;
  But 'tis more awful to behold
    A helpless infant, newly born,
  Whose little hands unconscious hold
    The keys of darkness and of morn.

  Mine held them once; I flung away
    Those keys that might have open set
  The golden sluices of the day,
    But clutch the keys of darkness yet;--
  I hear the reapers singing go
    Into God's harvest; I, that might
  With them have chosen, here below
    Grope shuddering at the gates of night.

  O glorious Youth, that once wast mine!
    O high ideal! all in vain
  Ye enter at this ruined shrine
    Whence worship ne'er shall rise again,
  The bat and owl inhabit here,
    The snake nests in the altar-stone,
  The sacred vessels moulder near,
    The image of the God is gone.




                    THE OAK.


  What gnarlèd stretch, what depth of shade, is his!
    There needs no crown to mark the forest's king;
  How in his leaves outshines full summer's bliss!
    Sun, storm, rain, dew, to him their tribute bring,
  Which he with such benignant royalty
    Accepts, as overpayeth what is lent;
  All nature seems his vassal proud to be,
    And cunning only for his ornament.

  How towers he, too, amid the billowed snows,
    An unquelled exile from the summer's throne,
  Whose plain, uncinctured front more kingly shows,
    Now that the obscuring courtier leaves are flown.
  His boughs make music of the winter air,
    Jewelled with sleet, like some cathedral front
  Where clinging snow-flakes with quaint art repair
    The dints and furrows of time's envious brunt.

  How doth his patient strength the rude March wind
    Persuade to seem glad breaths of summer breeze,
  And win the soil that fain would be unkind,
    To swell his revenues with proud increase!
  He is the gem; and all the landscape wide
    (So doth his grandeur isolate the sense)
  Seems but the setting, worthless all beside,
    An empty socket, were he fallen thence.

  So, from off converse with life's wintry gales,
    Should man learn how to clasp with tougher roots
  The inspiring earth;--how otherwise avails
    The leaf-creating sap that sunward shoots?
  So every year that falls with noiseless flake
    Should fill old scars upon the stormward side,
  And make hoar age revered for age's sake,
    Not for traditions of youth's leafy pride.

  So from the pinched soil of a churlish fate,
    True hearts compel the sap of sturdier growth,
  So between earth and heaven stand simply great,
    That these shall seem but their attendants both;
  For nature's forces with obedient zeal
    Wait on the rooted faith and oaken will;
  As quickly the pretender's cheat they feel,
    And turn mad Pucks to flout and mock him still.

  Lord! all thy works are lessons,--each contains
    Some emblem of man's all-containing soul;
  Shall he make fruitless all thy glorious pains,
    Delving within thy grace an eyeless mole?
  Make me the least of thy Dodona-grove,
    Cause me some message of thy truth to bring,
  Speak but a word through me, nor let thy love
    Among my boughs disdain to perch and sing.




              AMBROSE.


  Never, surely, was holier man
  Than Ambrose, since the world began;
  With diet spare and raiment thin,
  He shielded himself from the father of sin;
  With bed of iron and scourgings oft,
  His heart to God's hand as wax made soft.

  Through earnest prayer and watchings long
  He sought to know 'twixt right and wrong,
  Much wrestling with the blessed Word
  To make it yield the sense of the Lord,
  That he might build a storm-proof creed
  To fold the flock in at their need.

  At last he builded a perfect faith,
  Fenced round about with _The Lord thus saith_;
  To himself he fitted the doorway's size,
  Meted the light to the need of his eyes,
  And knew, by a sure and inward sign,
  That the work of his fingers was divine.

  Then Ambrose said, "All those shall die
  The eternal death who believe not as I;"
  And some were boiled, some burned in fire,
  Some sawn in twain, that his heart's desire,
  For the good of men's souls, might be satisfied,
  By the drawing of all to the righteous side.

  One day, as Ambrose was seeking the truth
  In his lonely walk, he saw a youth
  Resting himself in the shade of a tree;
  It had never been given him to see
  So shining a face, and the good man thought
  'T were pity he should not believe as he ought.

  So he set himself by the young man's side,
  And the state of his soul with questions tried;
  But the heart of the stranger was hardened indeed
  Nor received the stamp of the one true creed,
  And the spirit of Ambrose waxed sore to find
  Such face the porch of so narrow a mind.

  "As each beholds in cloud and fire
  The shape that answers his own desire,
  So each," said the youth, "in the Law shall find
  The figure and features of his mind;
  And to each in his mercy hath God allowed
  His several pillar of fire and cloud."

  The soul of Ambrose burned with zeal
  And holy wrath for the young man's weal:
  "Believest thou then, most wretched youth,"
  Cried he, "a dividual essence in Truth?
  I fear me thy heart is too cramped with sin
  To take the Lord in his glory in."

  Now there bubbled beside them where they stood,
  A fountain of waters sweet and good;
  The youth to the streamlet's brink drew near
  Saying, "Ambrose, thou maker of creeds, look here!"
  Six vases of crystal then he took,
  And set them along the edge of the brook.

  "As into these vessels the water I pour,
  There shall one hold less, another more,
  And the water unchanged, in every case,
  Shall put on the figure of the vase;
  O thou, who wouldst unity make through strife,
  Canst thou fit this sign to the Water of Life?"

  When Ambrose looked up, he stood alone,
  The youth and the stream and the vases were gone;
  But he knew, by a sense of humbled grace,
  He had talked with an angel face to face,
  And felt his heart change inwardly,
  As he fell on his knees beneath the tree.




          ABOVE AND BELOW.


                  I.

  O dwellers in the valley-land,
    Who in deep twilight grope and cower,
  Till the slow mountain's dial-hand
    Shortens to noon's triumphal hour,--
  While ye sit idle, do ye think
    The Lord's great work sits idle too?
  That light dare not o'erleap the brink
    Of morn, because 'tis dark with you?

  Though yet your valleys skulk in night,
    In God's ripe fields the day is cried,
  And reapers with their sickles bright,
    Troop, singing, down the mountain side.
  Come up, and feel what health there is
    In the frank Dawn's delighted eyes,
  As, bending with a pitying kiss,
    The night-shed tears of Earth she dries!

  The Lord wants reapers: O, mount up,
    Before night comes, and says,--"Too late!"
  Stay not for taking scrip or cup,
    The Master hungers while ye wait;
  'Tis from these heights alone your eyes
    The advancing spears of day can see,
  Which o'er the eastern hill-tops rise,
    To break your long captivity.


                 II.

  Lone watcher on the mountain-height!
    It is right precious to behold
  The first long surf of climbing light
    Flood all the thirsty east with gold;
  But we, who in the shadow sit,
    Know also when the day is nigh,
  Seeing thy shining forehead lit
    With his inspiring prophecy.

  Thou hast thine office; we have ours;
    God lacks not early service here,
  But what are thine eleventh hours
    He counts with us for morning cheer
  Our day, for Him, is long enough,
    And when he giveth work to do,
  The bruisèd reed is amply tough
    To pierce the shield of error through.

  But not the less do thou aspire
    Light's earlier messages to preach;
  Keep back no syllable of fire,--
    Plunge deep the rowels of thy speech.
  Yet God deems not thine aëried sight
    More worthy than our twilight dim,--
  For meek Obedience, too, is Light,
    And following that is finding Him.




            THE CAPTIVE.


  It was past the hour of trysting,
    But she lingered for him still;
  Like a child, the eager streamlet
    Leaped and laughed adown the hill,
  Happy to be free at twilight
    From its toiling at the mill.

  Then the great moon on a sudden
    Ominous, and red as blood,
  Startling as a new creation,
    O'er the eastern hill-top stood,
  Casting deep and deeper shadows
    Through the mystery of the wood.

  Dread closed huge and vague about her,
    And her thoughts turned fearfully
  To her heart, if there some shelter
    From the silence there might be,
  Like bare cedars leaning inland
    From the blighting of the sea.

  Yet he came not, and the stillness
    Dampened round her like a tomb;
  She could feel cold eyes of spirits
    Looking on her through the gloom,
  She could hear the groping footsteps
    Of some blind, gigantic doom.

  Suddenly the silence wavered
    Like a light mist in the wind,
  For a voice broke gently through it,
    Felt like sunshine by the blind,
  And the dread, like mist in sunshine,
    Furled serenely from her mind.

  "Once my love, my love forever,--
    Flesh or spirit still the same;
  If I missed the hour of trysting,
    Do not think my faith to blame.
  I, alas, was made a captive,
    As from Holy Land I came.

  "On a green spot in the desert,
    Gleaming like an emerald star,
  Where a palm-tree, in lone silence,
    Yearning for its mate afar,
  Droops above a silver runnel,
    Slender as a scimitar,--

  "There thou'lt find the humble postern
    To the castle of my foe;
  If thy love burn clear and faithful,
    Strike the gateway, green and low,
  Ask to enter, and the warder
    Surely will not say thee no."

  Slept again the aspen silence,
    But her loneliness was o'er;
  Round her heart a motherly patience
    Wrapt its arms for evermore;
  From her soul ebbed back the sorrow,
    Leaving smooth the golden shore.

  Donned she now the pilgrim scallop,
    Took the pilgrim staff in hand;
  Like a cloud-shade, flitting eastward,
    Wandered she o'er sea and land;
  And her footsteps in the desert
    Fell like cool rain on the sand.

  Soon, beneath the palm-tree's shadow,
    Knelt she at the postern low;
  And thereat she knocketh gently,
    Fearing much the warder's no;
  All her heart stood still and listened,
    As the door swung backward slow.

  There she saw no surly warder
    With an eye like bolt and bar;
  Through her soul a sense of music
    Throbbed,--and, like a guardian Lar,
  On the threshold stood an angel,
    Bright and silent as a star.

  Fairest seemed he of God's seraphs,
    And her spirit, lily-wise,
  Blossomed when he turned upon her
    The deep welcome of his eyes,
  Sending upward to that sunlight
    All its dew for sacrifice.

  Then she heard a voice come onward
    Singing with a rapture new,
  As Eve heard the songs in Eden,
    Dropping earthward with the dew;
  Well she knew the happy singer,
    Well the happy song she knew.

  Forward leaped she o'er the threshold,
    Eager as a glancing surf;
  Fell from her the spirit's languor,
    Fell from her the body's scurf;--
  'Neath the palm next day some Arabs
    Found a corpse upon the turf.




              THE BIRCH-TREE.


  Rippling through thy branches goes the sunshine,
  Among thy leaves that palpitate forever;
  Ovid in thee a pining Nymph had prisoned,
  The soul once of some tremulous inland river,
  Quivering to tell her woe, but, ah! dumb, dumb forever!

  While all the forest, witched with slumberous moonshine,
  Holds up its leaves in happy, happy silence,
  Waiting the dew, with breath and pulse suspended,--
  I hear afar thy whispering, gleamy islands,
  And track thee wakeful still amid the wide-hung silence.

  Upon the brink of some wood-nestled lakelet,
  Thy foliage, like the tresses of a Dryad,
  Dripping about thy slim white stem, whose shadow
  Slopes quivering down the water's dusky quiet,
  Thou shrink'st as on her bath's edge would some startled Dryad.

  Thou art the go-between of rustic lovers;
  Thy white bark has their secrets in its keeping;
  Reuben writes here the happy name of Patience,
  And thy lithe boughs hang murmuring and weeping
  Above her, as she steals the mystery from thy keeping.

  Thou art to me like my beloved maiden,
  So frankly coy, so full of trembly confidences;
  Thy shadow scarce seems shade, thy pattering leaflets
  Sprinkle their gathered sunshine o'er my senses,
  And Nature gives me all her summer confidences.

  Whether my heart with hope or sorrow tremble,
  Thou sympathizest still; wild and unquiet,
  I fling me down; thy ripple, like a river,
  Flows valleyward, where calmness is, and by it
  My heart is floated down into the land of quiet.




    AN INTERVIEW WITH MILES STANDISH.


  I sat one evening in my room,
    In that sweet hour of twilight
  When blended thoughts, half light, half gloom,
    Throng through the spirit's skylight;
  The flames by fits curled round the bars,
    Or up the chimney crinkled,
  While embers dropped like falling stars,
    And in the ashes tinkled.

  I sat and mused; the fire burned low,
    And, o'er my senses stealing,
  Crept something of the ruddy glow
    That bloomed on wall and ceiling;
  My pictures (they are very few,--
    The heads of ancient wise men)
  Smoothed down their knotted fronts, and grew
    As rosy as excisemen.

  My antique high-backed Spanish chair
    Felt thrills through wood and leather,
  That had been strangers since whilere,
    Mid Andalusian heather,
  The oak that made its sturdy frame
    His happy arms stretched over
  The ox whose fortunate hide became
    The bottom's polished cover.

  It came out in that famous bark
    That brought our sires intrepid,
  Capacious as another ark
    For furniture decrepit;--
  For, as that saved of bird and beast
    A pair for propagation,
  So has the seed of these increased
    And furnished half the nation.

  Kings sit, they say, in slippery seats;
    But those slant precipices
  Of ice the northern voyager meets
    Less slippery are than this is;
  To cling therein would pass the wit
    Of royal man or woman,
  And whatsoe'er can stay in it
    Is more or less than human.

  I offer to all bores this perch,
    Dear well-intentioned people
  With heads as void as week-day church,
    Tongues longer than the steeple;
  To folks with missions, whose gaunt eyes
    See golden ages rising,--
  Salt of the earth! in what queer Guys
    Thou'rt fond of crystallizing!

  My wonder, then, was not unmixed
    With merciful suggestion,
  When, as my roving eyes grew fixed
    Upon the chair in question,
  I saw its trembling arms enclose
    A figure grim and rusty,
  Whose doublet plain and plainer hose
    Were something worn and dusty.

  Now even such men as Nature forms
    Merely to fill the street with,
  Once turned to ghosts by hungry worms,
    Are serious things to meet with;
  Your penitent spirits are no jokes,
    And, though I'm not averse to
  A quiet shade, even they are folks
    One cares not to speak first to.

  Who knows, thought I, but he has come,
    By Charon kindly ferried,
  To tell me of a mighty sum
    Behind my wainscot buried?
  There is a buccaneerish air
    About that garb outlandish----
  Just then the ghost drew up his chair
    And said "My name is Standish.

  "I come from Plymouth, deadly bored
    With toasts, and songs, and speeches,
  As long and flat as my old sword,
    As threadbare as my breeches:
  _They_ understand us Pilgrims! they,
    Smooth men with rosy faces,
  Strength's knots and gnarls all pared away,
    And varnish in their places!

  "We had some toughness in our grain,
    The eye to rightly see us is
  Not just the one that lights the brain
    Of drawing-room Tyrtæuses:
  _They_ talk about their Pilgrim blood,
    Their birthright high and holy!--
  A mountain-stream that ends in mud
    Methinks is melancholy.

  "He had stiff knees, the Puritan,
    That were not good at bending;
  The homespun dignity of man
    He thought was worth defending;
  He did not, with his pinchbeck ore,
    His country's shame forgotten,
  Gild Freedom's coffin o'er and o'er,
    When all within was rotten.

  "These loud ancestral boasts of yours,
    How can they else than vex us?
  Where were your dinner orators
    When slavery grasped at Texas?
  Dumb on his knees was every one
    That now is bold as Cæsar,--
  Mere pegs to hang an office on
    Such stalwart men as these are."

  "Good Sir," I said, "you seem much stirred
    The sacred compromises----"
  "Now God confound the dastard word!
    My gall thereat arises:
  Northward it hath this sense alone,
    That you, your conscience blinding,
  Shall bow your fool's nose to the stone,
    When slavery feels like grinding.

  "'Tis shame to see such painted sticks
    In Vane's and Winthrop's places,
  To see your spirit of Seventy-six
    Drag humbly in the traces,
  With slavery's lash upon her back,
    And herds of office-holders
  To shout applause, as, with a crack,
    It peels her patient shoulders.

  "_We_ forefathers to such a rout!--
    No, by my faith in God's word!"
  Half rose the ghost, and half drew out
    The ghost of his old broadsword,
  Then thrust it slowly back again,
    And said, with reverent gesture,
  "No, Freedom, no! blood should not stain
    The hem of thy white vesture.

  "I feel the soul in me draw near
    The mount of prophesying;
  In this bleak wilderness I hear
    A John the Baptist crying;
  Far in the east I see upleap
    The streaks of first forewarning,
  And they who sowed the light shall reap
    The golden sheaves of morning.

  "Child of our travail and our woe,
    Light in our day of sorrow,
  Through my rapt spirit I foreknow
    The glory of thy morrow;
  I hear great steps, that through the shade
    Draw nigher still and nigher,
  And voices call like that which bade
    The prophet come up higher."

  I looked, no form mine eyes could find,
    I heard the red cock crowing,
  And through my window-chinks the wind
    A dismal tune was blowing;
  Thought I, My neighbor Buckingham
  Hath somewhat in him gritty,
  Some Pilgrim-stuff that hates all sham,
  And he will print my ditty.




          ON THE CAPTURE OF CERTAIN FUGITIVE
               SLAVES NEAR WASHINGTON.


  Look on who will in apathy, and stifle they who can,
  The sympathies, the hopes, the words, that make man truly man;
  Let those whose hearts are dungeoned up with interest or with ease
  Consent to hear with quiet pulse of loathsome deeds like these!

  I first drew in New England's air, and from her hardy breast
  Sucked in the tyrant-hating milk that will not let me rest;
  And if my words seem treason to the dullard and the tame,
  'Tis but my Bay-State dialect,--our fathers spake the same!

  Shame on the costly mockery of piling stone on stone
  To those who won our liberty, the heroes dead and gone,
  While we look coldly on, and see law-shielded ruffians slay
  The men who fain would win their own, the heroes of to-day!

  Are we pledged to craven silence? O fling it to the wind,
  The parchment wall that bars us from the least of human kind,--
  That makes us cringe and temporize, and dumbly stand at rest,
  While Pity's burning flood of words is red-hot in the breast!

  Though we break our fathers' promise, we have nobler duties first;
  The traitor to Humanity is the traitor most accursed;
  Man is more than Constitutions; better rot beneath the sod,
  Than be true to Church and State while we are doubly false to God!

  We owe allegiance to the State; but deeper, truer, more,
  To the sympathies that God hath set within our spirit's core;--
  Our country claims our fealty; we grant it so, but then
  Before Man made us citizens, great Nature made us men.

  He's true to God who's true to man; wherever wrong is done,
  To the humblest and the weakest, neath the all-beholding sun,
  That wrong is also done to us; and they are slaves most base,
  Whose love of right is for themselves, and not for all their race.

  God works for all. Ye cannot hem the hope of being free
  With parallels of latitude, with mountain-range or sea.
  Put golden padlocks on Truth's lips, be callous as ye will,
  From soul to soul o'er all the world, leaps one electric thrill.

  Chain down your slaves with ignorance, ye cannot keep apart,
  With all your craft of tyranny, the human heart from heart:
  When first the Pilgrims landed on the Bay-State's iron shore,
  The word went forth that slavery should one day be no more.

  Out from the land of bondage 'tis decreed our slaves shall go,
  And signs to us are offered, as erst to Pharaoh;
  If we are blind, their exodus, like Israel's of yore,
  Through a Red Sea is doomed to be, whose surges are of gore.
  'Tis ours to save our brethren, with peace and love to win
  Their darkened hearts from error, ere they harden it to sin;
  But if before his duty man with listless spirit stands,
  Ere long the Great Avenger takes the work from out his hands.




                TO THE DANDELION.


    Dear common flower, that grow'st beside the way,
  Fringing the dusty road with harmless gold,
        First pledge of blithesome May,
  Which children pluck, and, full of pride, uphold,
    High-hearted buccaneers, o'erjoyed that they
  An Eldorado in the grass have found,
      Which not the rich earth's ample round
    May match in wealth,--thou art more dear to me
    Than all the prouder summer-blooms may be.

    Gold such as thine ne'er drew the Spanish prow
  Through the primeval hush of Indian seas,
        Nor wrinkled the lean brow
  Of age, to rob the lover's heart of ease;
    'Tis the spring's largess, which she scatters now
  To rich and poor alike, with lavish hand,
      Though most hearts never understand
    To take it at God's value, but pass by
    The offered wealth with unrewarded eye.

    Thou art my tropics and mine Italy;
  To look at thee unlocks a warmer clime;
        The eyes thou givest me
  Are in the heart, and heed not space or time:
    Not in mid June the golden-cuirassed bee
  Feels a more summer-like warm ravishment
      In the white lily's breezy tent,
    His fragrant Sybaris, than I, when first
    From the dark green thy yellow circles burst.

    Then think I of deep shadows on the grass,--
  Of meadows where in sun the cattle graze,
        Where, as the breezes pass,
  The gleaming rushes lean a thousand ways,--
    Of leaves that slumber in a cloudy mass,
  Or whiten in the wind,--of waters blue
      That from the distance sparkle through
    Some woodland gap,--and of a sky above,
    Where one white cloud like a stray lamb doth move.

    My childhood's earliest thoughts are linked with thee;
  The sight of thee calls back the robin's song,
        Who, from the dark old tree
  Beside the door, sang clearly all day long,
    And I, secure in childish piety,
  Listened as if I heard an angel sing
      With news from heaven, which he could bring
    Fresh every day to my untainted ears,
    When birds and flowers and I were happy peers.

    How like a prodigal doth nature seem,
  When thou, for all thy gold, so common art!
        Thou teachest me to deem
  More sacredly of every human heart,
    Since each reflects in joy its scanty gleam
  Of heaven, and could some wondrous secret show
      Did we but pay the love we owe,
    And with a child's undoubting wisdom look
    On all these living pages of God's book.




        THE GHOST-SEER.


  Ye who, passing graves by night,
  Glance not to the left or right,
  Lest a spirit should arise,
  Cold and white, to freeze your eyes,
  Some weak phantom, which your doubt
  Shapes upon the dark without
  From the dark within, a guess
  At the spirit's deathlessness,
  Which ye entertain with fear
  In your self-built dungeon here,
  Where ye sell your God-given lives
  Just for gold to buy you gyves,--
  Ye without a shudder meet
  In the city's noonday street,
  Spirits sadder and more dread
  Than from out the clay have fled,
  Buried, beyond hope of light,
  In the body's haunted night!

  See ye not that woman pale?
  There are bloodhounds on her trail!
  Bloodhounds two, all gaunt and lean,--
  For the soul their scent is keen,--
  Want and Sin, and Sin is last,--
  They have followed far and fast,
  Want gave tongue, and, at her howl,
  Sin awakened with a growl.
  Ah, poor girl! she had a right
  To a blessing from the light,
  Title-deeds to sky and earth
  God gave to her at her birth,
  But, before they were enjoyed,
  Poverty had made them void,
  And had drunk the sunshine up
  From all nature's ample cup,
  Leaving her a first-born's share
  In the dregs of darkness there.
  Often, on the sidewalk bleak,
  Hungry, all alone, and weak,
  She has seen, in night and storm,
  Rooms o'erflow with firelight warm,
  Which, outside the window-glass,
  Doubled all the cold, alas!
  Till each ray that on her fell
  Stabbed her like an icicle,
  And she almost loved the wail
  Of the bloodhounds on her trail.
  Till the floor becomes her bier,
  She shall feel their pantings near,
  Close upon her very heels,
  Spite of all the din of wheels;
  Shivering on her pallet poor,
  She shall hear them at the door
  Whine and scratch to be let in,
  Sister bloodhounds, Want and Sin!

  Hark! that rustle of a dress,
  Stiff with lavish costliness!
  Here comes one whose cheek would flush
  But to have her garment brush
  'Gainst the girl whose fingers thin
  Wove the weary broidery in,
  Bending backward from her toil,
  Lest her tears the silk might soil,
  And, in midnight's chill and murk,
  Stitched her life into the work,
  Shaping from her bitter thought
  Heart's-ease and forget-me-not,
  Satirizing her despair
  With the emblems woven there.
  Little doth the wearer heed
  Of the heart-break in the brede;
  A hyena by her side
  Skulks, down-looking,--it is Pride.
  He digs for her in the earth,
  Where lie all her claims of birth,
  With his foul paws rooting o'er
  Some long-buried ancestor,
  Who, perhaps, a statue won
  By the ill deeds he had done,
  By the innocent blood he shed,
  By the desolation spread
  Over happy villages,
  Blotting out the smile of peace.

  There walks Judas, he who sold
  Yesterday his Lord for gold,
  Sold God's presence in his heart
  For a proud step in the mart;
  He hath dealt in flesh and blood,--
  At the bank his name is good,
  At the bank, and only there,
  'Tis a marketable ware.
  In his eyes that stealthy gleam
  Was not learned of sky or stream,
  But it has the cold, hard glint
  Of new dollars from the mint.
  Open now your spirit's eyes,
  Look through that poor clay disguise
  Which has thickened, day by day,
  Till it keeps all light at bay,
  And his soul in pitchy gloom
  Gropes about its narrow tomb,
  From whose dank and slimy walls
  Drop by drop the horror falls.
  Look! a serpent lank and cold
  Hugs his spirit fold on fold;
  From his heart, all day and night,
  It doth suck God's blessed light.
  Drink it will, and drink it must,
  Till the cup holds naught but dust;
  All day long he hears it hiss,
  Writhing in its fiendish bliss;
  All night long he sees its eyes
  Flicker with foul ecstasies,
  As the spirit ebbs away
  Into the absorbing clay.

  Who is he that skulks, afraid
  Of the trust he has betrayed,
  Shuddering if perchance a gleam
  Of old nobleness should stream
  Through the pent, unwholesome room,
  Where his shrunk soul cowers in gloom,--
  Spirit sad beyond the rest
  By more instinct for the best?
  'Tis a poet who was sent
  For a bad world's punishment,
  By compelling it to see
  Golden glimpses of To Be,
  By compelling it to hear
  Songs that prove the angels near;
  Who was sent to be the tongue
  Of the weak and spirit-wrung,
  Whence the fiery-winged Despair
  In men's shrinking eyes might flare.
  'Tis our hope doth fashion us
  To base use or glorious:
  He who might have been a lark
  Of Truth's morning, from the dark
  Raining down melodious hope
  Of a freer, broader scope,
  Aspirations, prophecies,
  Of the spirit's full sunrise,
  Chose to be a bird of night,
  Which with eyes refusing light,
  Hooted from some hollow tree
  Of the world's idolatry.
  'Tis his punishment to hear
  Flutterings of pinions near,
  And his own vain wings to feel
  Drooping downward to his heel,
  All their grace and import lost,
  Burdening his weary ghost:
  Ever walking by his side
  He must see his angel guide,
  Who at intervals doth turn
  Looks on him so sadly stern,
  With such ever-new surprise
  Of hushed anguish in her eyes,
  That it seems the light of day
  From around him shrinks away,
  Or drops blunted from the wall
  Built around him by his fall.
  Then the mountains, whose white peaks
  Catch the morning's earliest streaks,
  He must see, where prophets sit,
  Turning east their faces lit,
  Whence, with footsteps beautiful,
  To the earth, yet dim and dull,
  They the gladsome tidings bring,
  Of the sunlight's hastening:
  Never can those hills of bliss
  Be o'erclimbed by feet like his!

  But enough! O, do not dare
  From the next the veil to tear,
  Woven of station, trade, or dress,
  More obscene than nakedness,
  Wherewith plausible culture drapes
  Fallen Nature's myriad shapes!
  Let us rather love to mark
  How the unextinguished spark
  Will shine through the thin disguise
  Of our customs, pomps, and lies,
  And, not seldom blown to flame,
  Vindicate its ancient claim.

    1844.




        STUDIES FOR TWO HEADS.


                  I.

  Some sort of heart I know is hers,--
    I chanced to feel her pulse one night;
  A brain she has that never errs,
    And yet is never nobly right;
  It does not leap to great results,
    But in some corner out of sight,
    Suspects a spot of latent blight,
    And, o'er the impatient infinite,
  She bargains, haggles, and consults.

  Her eye,--it seems a chemic test
    And drops upon you like an acid;
  It bites you with unconscious zest,
    So clear and bright, so coldly placid;
  It holds you quietly aloof,
    It holds,--and yet it does not win you;
  It merely puts you to the proof
    And sorts what qualities are in you;
  It smiles, but never brings you nearer,
    It lights,--her nature draws not nigh;
  'Tis but that yours is growing clearer
    To her assays;--yes, try and try,
    You'll get no deeper than her eye.

  There, you are classified: she's gone
    Far, far away into herself;
  Each with its Latin label on,
  Your poor components, one by one,
    Are laid upon their proper shelf
  In her compact and ordered mind,
  And what of you is left behind
  Is no more to her than the wind;
  In that clear brain, which, day and night,
    No movement of the heart e'er jostles,
  Her friends are ranged on left and right,--
  Here, silex, hornblende, sienite;
    There, animal remains and fossils.

  And yet, O subtile analyst,
    That canst each property detect
  Of mood or grain, that canst untwist
    Each tangled skein of intellect,
  And with thy scalpel eyes lay bare
  Each mental nerve more fine than air,--
    O brain exact, that in thy scales
  Canst weigh the sun and never err,
    For once thy patient science fails,
    One problem still defies thy art;--
  Thou never canst compute for her
  The distance and diameter
    Of any simple human heart.


                 II.

  Hear him but speak, and you will feel
    The shadows of the Portico
  Over your tranquil spirit steal,
    To modulate all joy and woe
    To one subdued, subduing glow;
  Above our squabbling business-hours,
  Like Phidian Jove's, his beauty lowers,
  His nature satirizes ours;
    A form and front of Attic grace,
    He shames the higgling market-place,
  And dwarfs our more mechanic powers.

  What throbbing verse can fitly render
  That face,--so pure, so trembling-tender?
    Sensation glimmers through its rest,
  It speaks unmanacled by words,
    As full of motion as a nest
  That palpitates with unfledged birds;
   'Tis likest to Bethesda's stream,
  Forewarned through all its thrilling springs,
    White with the angel's coming gleam,
  And rippled with his fanning wings.

  Hear him unfold his plots and plans,
  And larger destinies seem man's;
  You conjure from his glowing face
  The omen of a fairer race;
  With one grand trope he boldly spans
    The gulf wherein so many fall,
   'Twixt possible and actual;
  His first swift word, talaria-shod,
  Exuberant with conscious God,
  Out of the choir of planets blots
  The present earth with all its spots.

  Himself unshaken as the sky,
  His words, like whirlwinds, spin on high
    Systems and creeds pellmell together;
  'Tis strange as to a deaf man's eye,
  While trees uprooted splinter by,
    The dumb turmoil of stormy weather;
    Less of iconoclast than shaper,
  His spirit, safe behind the reach
  Of the tornado of his speech,
    Burns calmly as a glowworm's taper.

  So great in speech, but, ah! in act
    So overrun with vermin troubles,
  The coarse, sharp-cornered, ugly fact
    Of life collapses all his bubbles:
  Had he but lived in Plato's day,
    He might, unless my fancy errs,
  Have shared that golden voice's sway
    O'er barefooted philosophers.
  Our nipping climate hardly suits
  The ripening of ideal fruits:
  His theories vanquish us all summer,
  But winter makes him dumb and dumber
  To see him mid life's needful things
    Is something painfully bewildering;
  He seems an angel with clipt wings
    Tied to a mortal wife and children,
  And by a brother seraph taken
  In the act of eating eggs and bacon.
  Like a clear fountain, his desire
    Exults and leaps toward the light,
  In every drop it says "Aspire!"
    Striving for more ideal height;
  And as the fountain, falling thence,
    Crawls baffled through the common gutter
  So, from his speech's eminence,
  He shrinks into the present tense,
    Unkinged by foolish bread and butter.

  Yet smile not, worldling, for in deeds
    Not all of life that's brave and wise is;
  He strews an ampler future's seeds,
   'Tis your fault if no harvest rises;
  Smooth back the sneer; for is it naught
    That all he is and has is Beauty's?
  By soul the soul's gains must be wrought,
  The Actual claims our coarser thought,
    The Ideal hath its higher duties.




    ON A PORTRAIT OF DANTE BY GIOTTO.


  Can this be thou who, lean and pale,
    With such immitigable eye
  Didst look upon those writhing souls in bale,
    And note each vengeance, and pass by
  Unmoved, save when thy heart by chance
  Cast backward one forbidden glance,
    And saw Francesca, with child's glee,
    Subdue and mount thy wild-horse knee
  And with proud hands control its fiery prance?

  With half-drooped lids, and smooth, round brow,
    And eye remote, that inly sees
  Fair Beatrice's spirit wandering now
    In some sea-lulled Hesperides,
  Thou movest through the jarring street,
  Secluded from the noise of feet
    By her gift-blossom in thy hand,
    Thy branch of palm from Holy Land;--
  No trace is here of ruin's fiery sleet.

  Yet there is something round thy lips
    That prophesies the coming doom,
  The soft, gray herald-shadow ere the eclipse
    Notches the perfect disk with gloom;
  A something that would banish thee,
  And thine untamed pursuer be,
    From men and their unworthy fates,
    Though Florence had not shut her gates,
  And grief had loosed her clutch and let thee free.

  Ah! he who follows fearlessly
    The beckonings of a poet-heart
  Shall wander, and without the world's decree,
    A banished man in field and mart;
  Harder than Florence' walls the bar
  Which with deaf sternness holds him far
    From home and friends, till death's release,
    And makes his only prayer for peace,
  Like thine, scarred veteran of a lifelong war!




    ON THE DEATH OF A FRIEND'S CHILD.


  Death never came so nigh to me before,
  Nor showed me his mild face: oft had I mused
  Of calm and peace and deep forgetfulness,
  Of folded hands, closed eye, and heart at rest,
  And slumber sound beneath a flowery turf,
  Of faults forgotten, and an inner place
  Kept sacred for us in the heart of friends;
  But these were idle fancies, satisfied
  With the mere husk of this great mystery,
  And dwelling in the outward shows of things.
  Heaven is not mounted to on wings of dreams,
  Nor doth the unthankful happiness of youth
  Aim thitherward, but floats from bloom to bloom,
  With earth's warm patch of sunshine well content
  'Tis sorrow builds the shining ladder up,
  Whose golden rounds are our calamities,
  Whereon our firm feet planting, nearer God
  The spirit climbs, and hath its eyes unsealed.

  True is it that Death's face seems stern and cold,
  When he is sent to summon those we love,
  But all God's angels come to us disguised;
  Sorrow and sickness, poverty and death,
  One after other lift their frowning masks,
  And we behold the seraph's face beneath,
  All radiant with the glory and the calm
  Of having looked upon the front of God.
  With every anguish of our earthly part
  The spirit's sight grows clearer; this was meant
  When Jesus touched the blind man's lids with clay.
  Life is the jailer, Death the angel sent
  To draw the unwilling bolts and set us free.
  He flings not ope the ivory gate of Rest,--
  Only the fallen spirit knocks at that,--
  But to benigner regions beckons us,
  To destinies of more rewarded toil.
  In the hushed chamber, sitting by the dead,
  It grates on us to hear the flood of life
  Whirl rustling onward, senseless of our loss.
  The bee hums on; around the blossomed vine
  Whirs the light humming-bird; the cricket chirps;
  The locust's shrill alarum stings the ear;
  Hard by, the cock shouts lustily; from farm to farm,
  His cheery brothers, telling of the sun,
  Answer, till far away the joyance dies:
  We never knew before how God had filled
  The summer air with happy living sounds;
  All round us seems an overplus of life,
  And yet the one dear heart lies cold and still.
  It is most strange, when the great miracle
  Hath for our sakes been done, when we have had
  Our inwardest experience of God,
  When with his presence still the room expands,
  And is awed after him, that naught is changed,
  That Nature's face looks unacknowledging,
  And the mad world still dances heedless on
  After its butterflies, and gives no sign.
  'Tis hard at first to see it all aright;
  In vain Faith blows her trump to summon back
  Her scattered troop; yet, through the clouded glass
  Of our own bitter tears, we learn to look
  Undazzled on the kindness of God's face;
  Earth is too dark, and Heaven alone shines through.
  It is no little thing, when a fresh soul
  And a fresh heart, with their unmeasured scope
  For good, not gravitating earthward yet,
  But circling in diviner periods,
  Are sent into the world,--no little thing,
  When this unbounded possibility
  Into the outer silence is withdrawn.
  Ah, in this world, where every guiding thread
  Ends suddenly in the one sure centre, death,
  The visionary hand of Might-have-been
  Alone can fill Desire's cup to the brim!

  How changed, dear friend, are thy part and thy child's!
  He bends above _thy_ cradle now, or holds
  His warning finger out to be thy guide;
  Thou art the nurseling now; he watches thee
  Slow learning, one by one, the secret things
  Which are to him used sights of every day;
  He smiles to see thy wondering glances con
  The grass and pebbles of the spirit world,
  To thee miraculous; and he will teach
  Thy knees their due observances of prayer.
  Children are God's apostles, day by day
  Sent forth to preach of love, and hope, and peace,
  Nor hath thy babe his mission left undone.
  To me, at least, his going hence hath given
  Serener thoughts and nearer to the skies,
  And opened a new fountain in my heart
  For thee, my friend, and all: and, O, if Death
  More near approaches meditates, and clasps
  Even now some dearer, more reluctant hand,
  God, strengthen thou my faith, that I may see
  That 'tis thine angel, who, with loving haste,
  Unto the service of the inner shrine
  Doth waken thy belovèd with a kiss!

    1844.




              EURYDICE.


  Heaven's cup held down to me I drain,
  The sunshine mounts and spurs my brain;
  Bathing in grass, with thirsty eye
  I suck the last drop of the sky;
  With each hot sense I draw to the lees
  The quickening out-door influences,
  And empty to each radiant comer
  A supernaculum of summer:
  Not, Bacchus, all thy grosser juice
  Could bring enchantment so profuse,
  Though for its press each grape-bunch had
  The white feet of an Oread.

  Through our coarse art gleam, now and then,
  The features of angelic men;
  'Neath the lewd Satyr's veiling paint
  Glows forth the Sibyl, Muse, or Saint;
  The dauber's botch no more obscures
  The mighty Master's portraitures.
  And who can say what luckier beam
  The hidden glory shall redeem,
  For what chance clod the soul may wait
  To stumble on its nobler fate,
  Or why, to his unwarned abode,
  Still by surprises comes the God?
  Some moment, nailed on sorrow's cross,
  May mediate a whole youth's loss,
  Some windfall joy, we know not whence,
  Redeem a lifetime's rash expense,
  And, suddenly wise, the soul may mark,
  Stripped of their simulated dark,
  Mountains of gold that pierce the sky,
  Girdling its valleyed poverty.

  I feel ye, childhood's hopes, return,
  With olden heats my pulses burn,--
  Mine be the self-forgetting sweep,
  The torrent impulse swift and wild,
  Wherewith Taghkanic's rockborn child
  Dares gloriously the dangerous leap,
  And, in his sky-descended mood,
  Transmutes each drop of sluggish blood,
  By touch of bravery's simple wand,
  To amethyst and diamond,
  Proving himself no bastard slip,
  But the true granite-cradled one,
  Nursed with the rock's primeval drip,
  The cloud-embracing mountain's son!

  Prayer breathed in vain! no wish's sway
  Rebuilds the vanished yesterday;
  For plated wares of Sheffield stamp
  We gave the old Aladdin's lamp;
  'Tis we are changed; ah, whither went
  That undesigned abandonment,
  That wise, unquestioning content,
  Which could erect its microcosm
  Out of a weed's neglected blossom,
  Could call up Arthur and his peers
  By a low moss's clump of spears,
  Or, in its shingle trireme launched,
  Where Charles in some green inlet branched,
  Could venture for the golden fleece
  And dragon-watched Hesperides,
  Or, from its ripple-shattered fate,
  Ulysses' chances recreate?
  When, heralding life's every phase,
  There glowed a goddess-veiling haze,
  A plenteous, forewarning grace,
  Like that more tender dawn that flies
  Before the full moon's ample rise?
  Methinks thy parting glory shines
  Through yonder grove of singing pines;
  At that elm-vista's end I trace
  Dimly thy sad leave-taking face,
  Eurydice! Eurydice!
  The tremulous leaves repeat to me
  Eurydice! Eurydice!
  No gloomier Orcus swallows thee
  Than the unclouded sunset's glow;
  Thine is at least Elysian woe;
  Thou hast Good's natural decay,
  And fadest like a star away
  Into an atmosphere whose shine
  With fuller day o'ermasters thine,
  Entering defeat as 't were a shrine;
  For us,--we turn life's diary o'er
  To find but one word,--Nevermore.

    1845.




        SHE CAME AND WENT.


  As a twig trembles, which a bird
    Lights on to sing, then leaves unbent,
  So is my memory thrilled and stirred;--
    I only know she came and went.

  As clasps some lake, by gusts unriven,
    The blue dome's measureless content,
  So my soul held that moment's heaven;--
    I only know she came and went.

  As, at one bound, our swift spring heaps
    The orchards full of bloom and scent,
  So clove her May my wintry sleeps;--
    I only know she came and went.

  An angel stood and met my gaze,
    Through the low doorway of my tent;
  The tent is struck, the vision stays;--
    I only know she came and went.

  O, when the room grows slowly dim,
    And life's last oil is nearly spent,
  One gush of light these eyes will brim,
    Only to think she came and went.




      THE CHANGELING.


  I had a little daughter,
    And she was given to me
  To lead me gently backward
    To the Heavenly Father's knee,
  That I, by the force of nature,
    Might in some dim wise divine
  The depth of his infinite patience
    To this wayward soul of mine.

  I know not how others saw her,
    But to me she was wholly fair,
  And the light of the heaven she came from
    Still lingered and gleamed in her hair;
  For it was as wavy and golden,
    And as many changes took,
  As the shadows of sun-gilt ripples
    On the yellow bed of a brook.

  To what can I liken her smiling
    Upon me, her kneeling lover,
  How it leaped from her lips to her eyelids,
    And dimpled her wholly over,
  Till her outstretched hands smiled also,
    And I almost seemed to see
  The very heart of her mother
    Sending sun through her veins to me!

  She had been with us scarce a twelvemonth,
    And it hardly seemed a day,
  When a troop of wandering angels
    Stole my little daughter away;
  Or perhaps those heavenly Zingari
    But loosed the hampering strings,
  And when they had opened her cage-door
    My little bird used her wings.

  But they left in her stead a changeling,
    A little angel child,
  That seems like her bud in full blossom,
    And smiles as she never smiled:
  When I wake in the morning, I see it
    Where she always used to lie,
  And I feel as weak as a violet
    Alone 'neath the awful sky.

  As weak, yet as trustful also;
    For the whole year long I see
  All the wonders of faithful Nature
    Still worked for the love of me;
  Winds wander, and dews drip earthward,
    Rain falls, suns rise and set,
  Earth whirls, and all but to prosper
    A poor little violet.

  This child is not mine as the first was,
    I cannot sing it to rest,
  I cannot lift it up fatherly
    And bliss it upon my breast;
  Yet it lies in my little one's cradle
    And sits in my little one's chair,
  And the light of the heaven she's gone to
    Transfigures its golden hair.




                      THE PIONEER.


    What man would live coffined with brick and stone,
     Imprisoned from the influences of air,
     And cramped with selfish land-marks everywhere,
  When all before him stretches, furrowless and lone,
    The unmapped prairie none can fence or own?

    What man would read and read the selfsame faces,
     And, like the marbles which the windmill grinds,
     Rub smooth forever with the same smooth minds,
  This year retracing last year's, every year's, dull traces,
    When there are woods and un-man-stifled places?

    What man o'er one old thought would pore and pore,
     Shut like a book between its covers thin
     For every fool to leave his dog's-ears in,
  When solitude is his, and God for evermore,
    Just for the opening of a paltry door?

    What man would watch life's oozy element
     Creep Letheward forever, when he might
     Down some great river drift beyond men's sight,
  To where the undethronèd forest's royal tent
    Broods with its hush o'er half a continent?

    What man with men would push and altercate,
     Piecing out crooked means for crooked ends,
     When he can have the skies and woods for friends,
  Snatch back the rudder of his undismantled fate,
    And in himself be ruler, church, and state?

    Cast leaves and feathers rot in last year's nest,
     The wingèd brood, flown thence, new dwellings plan;
     The serf of his own Past is not a man;
  To change and change is life, to move and never rest;--
    Not what we are, but what we hope, is best.

    The wild, free woods make no man halt or blind;
     Cities rob men of eyes and hands and feet,
     Patching one whole of many incomplete;
  The general preys upon the individual mind,
    And each alone is helpless as the wind.

    Each man is some man's servant; every soul
     Is by some other's presence quite discrowned;
     Each owes the next through all the imperfect round,
  Yet not with mutual help; each man is his own goal,
    And the whole earth must stop to pay his toll.

    Here, life the undiminished man demands;
     New faculties stretch out to meet new wants;
     What Nature asks, that Nature also grants;
  Here man is lord, not drudge, of eyes and feet and hands,
    And to his life is knit with hourly bands.

    Come out, then, from the old thoughts and old ways,
     Before you harden to a crystal cold
     Which the new life can shatter, but not mould;
  Freedom for you still waits, still, looking backward, stays,
    But widens still the irretrievable space.




            LONGING.


  Of all the myriad moods of mind
    That through the soul come thronging,
  Which one was e'er so dear, so kind,
    So beautiful as Longing?
  The thing we long for, that we are
    For one transcendent moment,
  Before the Present poor and bare
    Can make its sneering comment.

  Still, through our paltry stir and strife,
    Glows down the wished Ideal,
  And Longing moulds in clay what Life
    Carves in the marble Real;
  To let the new life in, we know,
    Desire must ope the portal;--
  Perhaps the longing to be so
    Helps make the soul immortal.

  Longing is God's fresh heavenward will
    With our poor earthward striving;
  We quench it that we may be still
    Content with merely living;
  But, would we learn that heart's full scope
    Which we are hourly wronging,
  Our lives must climb from hope to hope
    And realize our longing.

  Ah! let us hope that to our praise
    Good God not only reckons
  The moments when we tread his ways,
    But when the spirit beckons,--
  That some slight good is also wrought
    Beyond self-satisfaction,
  When we are simply good in thought,
    Howe'er we fail in action.




              ODE TO FRANCE.

              FEBRUARY, 1848.


                    I.

  As, flake by flake, the beetling avalanches
    Build up their imminent crags of noiseless snow,
  Till some chance thrill the loosened ruin launches
    And the blind havoc leaps unwarned below,
  So grew and gathered through the silent years
    The madness of a People, wrong by wrong.
  There seemed no strength in the dumb toiler's tears,--
    No strength in suffering;--but the Past was strong:
  The brute despair of trampled centuries
    Leaped up with one hoarse yell and snapped its bands,
    Groped for its right with horny, callous hands,
  And stared around for God with bloodshot eyes.
    What wonder if those palms were all too hard
  For nice distinctions,--if that mænad throng--
    They whose thick atmosphere no bard
  Had shivered with the lightning of his song,
    Brutes with the memories and desires of men,
    Whose chronicles were writ with iron pen,
      In the crooked shoulder and the forehead low--
        Set wrong to balance wrong,
        And physicked woe with woe?


                   II.

  They did as they were taught; not theirs the blame,
  If men who scattered firebrands reaped the flame:
    They trampled Peace beneath their savage feet,
      And by her golden tresses drew
    Mercy along the pavement of the street.
  O, Freedom! Freedom! is thy morning-dew
      So gory red? Alas, thy light had ne'er
      Shone in upon the chaos of their lair!
  They reared to thee such symbol as they knew,
      And worshipped it with flame and blood,
      A Vengeance, axe in hand, that stood
  Holding a tyrant's head up by the clotted hair.


                   III.

  What wrongs the Oppressor suffered, these we know;
    These have found piteous voice in song and prose;
  But for the Oppressed, their darkness and their woe,
    Their grinding centuries,--what Muse had those?
  Though hall and palace had nor eyes nor ears,
    Hardening a people's heart to senseless stone,
  Thou knowest them, O Earth, that drank their tears,
    O Heaven, that heard their inarticulate moan!
  They noted down their fetters, link by link;
  Coarse was the hand that scrawled, and red the ink;
    Rude was their score, as suits unlettered men,--
  Notched with a headman's axe upon a block:
  What marvel if, when came the avenging shock,
   'Twas Ate, not Urania, held the pen?


                   IV.

  With eye averted and an anguished frown,
    Loathingly glides the Muse through scenes of strife,
  Where, like the heart of Vengeance up and down,
    Throbs in its framework the blood-muffled knife;
  Slow are the steps of Freedom, but her feet
    Turn never backward: hers no bloody glare;
  Her light is calm, and innocent, and sweet,
    And where it enters there is no despair:
  Not first on palace and cathedral spire
  Quivers and gleams that unconsuming fire;
    While these stand black against her morning skies,
  The peasant sees it leap from peak to peak
    Along his hills; the craftsman's burning eyes
  Own with cool tears its influence mother-meek;
    It lights the poet's heart up like a star;--
    Ah! while the tyrant deemed it still afar,
  And twined with golden threads his futile snare,
    That swift, convicting glow all round him ran;
     'Twas close beside him there,
  Sunrise whose Memnon is the soul of man.


                    V.

  O Broker-King, is this thy wisdom's fruit?
    A dynasty plucked out as 't were a weed
    Grown rankly in a night, that leaves no seed!
  Could eighteen years strike down no deeper root?
    But now thy vulture eye was turned on Spain,--
  A shout from Paris, and thy crown falls off,
    Thy race has ceased to reign,
  And thou become a fugitive and scoff:
    Slippery the feet that mount by stairs of gold,
  And weakest of all fences one of steel;--
    Go and keep school again like him of old,
  The Syracusan tyrant;--thou mayst feel
  Royal amid a birch-swayed commonweal!


                   VI.

  Not long can he be ruler who allows
    His time to run before him; thou wast naught
  Soon as the strip of gold about thy brows
    Was no more emblem of the People's thought:
  Vain were thy bayonets against the foe
    Thou hadst to cope with; thou didst wage
  War not with Frenchmen merely;--no,
    Thy strife was with the Spirit of the Age,
  The invisible Spirit whose first breath divine
      Scattered thy frail endeavor,
  And, like poor last year's leaves, whirled thee and thine
        Into the Dark forever!


                   VII.

    Is here no triumph? Nay, what though
  The yellow blood of Trade meanwhile should pour
    Along its arteries a shrunken flow,
  And the idle canvas droop around the shore?
        These do not make a state,
        Nor keep it great;
        I think God made
      The earth for man, not trade;
    And where each humblest human creature
    Can stand, no more suspicious or afraid,
    Erect and kingly in his right of nature,
  To heaven and earth knit with harmonious ties,--
    Where I behold the exultation
    Of manhood glowing in those eyes
      That had been dark for ages,--
      Or only lit with bestial loves and rages--
    There I behold a Nation:
        The France which lies
      Between the Pyrenees and Rhine
        Is the least part of France;
  I see her rather in the soul whose shine
  Burns through the craftsman's grimy countenance,
    In the new energy divine
      Of Toil's enfranchised glance.


                  VIII.

      And if it be a dream,--
    If the great Future be the little Past
   'Neath a new mask, which drops and shows at last
    The same weird, mocking face to balk and blast,--
  Yet, Muse, a gladder measure suits the theme,
      And the Tyrtæan harp
      Loves notes more resolute and sharp,
  Throbbing, as throbs the bosom, hot and fast:
      Such visions are of morning,
      Theirs is no vague forewarning,
  The dreams which nations dream come true,
        And shape the world anew;
          If this be a sleep,
          Make it long, make it deep,
  O Father, who sendest the harvests men reap!
        While Labor so sleepeth
        His sorrow is gone,
      No longer he weepeth,
      But smileth and steepeth
        His thoughts in the dawn;
      He heareth Hope yonder
        Rain, lark-like, her fancies,
      His dreaming hands wander
        Mid heart's-ease and pansies;
     "'Tis a dream! 'Tis a vision!"
        Shrieks Mammon aghast;
     "The day's broad derision
        Will chase it at last;
      Ye are mad, ye have taken,
      A slumbering kraken
        For firm land of the Past!"
      Ah! if he awaken,
        God shield us all then,
      If this dream rudely shaken
        Shall cheat him again!


                   IX.

    Since first I heard our North wind blow,
    Since first I saw Atlantic throw
    On our fierce rocks his thunderous snow,
    I loved thee, Freedom; as a boy
  The rattle of thy shield at Marathon
      Did with a Grecian joy
      Through all my pulses run;
  But I have learned to love thee now
  Without the helm upon thy gleaming brow,
      A maiden mild and undefiled
  Like her who bore the world's redeeming child;
    And surely never did thy altars glance
    With purer fires than now in France;
    While, in their bright white flashes,
      Wrong's shadow, backward cast,
    Waves cowering o'er the ashes
      Of the dead, blaspheming Past,
    O'er the shapes of fallen giants,
      His own unburied brood,
    Whose dead hands clench defiance
      At the overpowering Good:
  And down the happy future runs a flood
    Of prophesying light;
  It shows an Earth no longer stained with blood,
  Blossom and fruit where now we see the bud
    Of Brotherhood and Right.




                A PARABLE.


  Said Christ our Lord, "I will go and see
  How the men, my brethren, believe in me."
  He passed not again through the gate of birth,
  But made himself known to the children of earth.

  Then said the chief priests, and rulers, and kings,
  "Behold, now, the Giver of all good things;
  Go to, let us welcome with pomp and state
  Him who alone is mighty and great."

  With carpets of gold the ground they spread
  Wherever the Son of Man should tread,
  And in palace-chambers lofty and rare
  They lodged him, and served him with kingly fare.

  Great organs surged through arches dim
  Their jubilant floods in praise of him,
  And in church and palace, and judgment-hall,
  He saw his image high over all.

  But still, wherever his steps they led,
  The Lord in sorrow bent down his head,
  And from under the heavy foundation-stones,
  The son of Mary heard bitter groans.

  And in church and palace, and judgment-hall,
  He marked great fissures that rent the wall,
  And opened wider and yet more wide
  As the living foundation heaved and sighed.

  "Have ye founded your thrones and altars, then,
  On the bodies and souls of living men?
  And think ye that building shall endure,
  Which shelters the noble and crushes the poor?

  "With gates of silver and bars of gold,
  Ye have fenced my sheep from their Father's fold:
  I have heard the dropping of their tears
  In heaven, these eighteen hundred years."

  "O Lord and Master, not ours the guilt,
  We build but as our fathers built;
  Behold thine images, how they stand,
  Sovereign and sole, through all our land.

  "Our task is hard,--with sword and flame
  To hold thy earth forever the same,
  And with sharp crooks of steel to keep
  Still, as thou leftest them, thy sheep."

  Then Christ sought out an artisan,
  A low-browed, stunted, haggard man,
  And a motherless girl, whose fingers thin
  Pushed from her faintly want and sin.

  These set he in the midst of them,
  And as they drew back their garment-hem,
  For fear of defilement, "Lo, here," said he,
  "The images ye have made of me!"




                        ODE

  WRITTEN FOR THE CELEBRATION OF THE INTRODUCTION OF THE
        COCHITUATE WATER INTO THE CITY OF BOSTON.


  My name is Water: I have sped
    Through strange, dark ways, untried before,
  By pure desire of friendship led,
    Cochituate's ambassador;
  He sends four royal gifts by me:
  Long life, health, peace, and purity.

  I'm Ceres' cup-bearer; I pour,
    For flowers and fruits and all their kin,
  Her crystal vintage, from of yore
    Stored in old Earth's selectest bin,
  Flora's Falernian ripe, since God
  The wine-press of the deluge trod.

  In that far isle whence, iron-willed,
    The New World's sires their bark unmoored,
  The fairies' acorn-cups I filled
    Upon the toadstool's silver board,
  And, 'neath Herne's oak, for Shakspeare's sight,
  Strewed moss and grass with diamonds bright.

  No fairies in the Mayflower came,
    And, lightsome as I sparkle here,
  For Mother Bay-State, busy dame,
    I've toiled and drudged this many a year,
  Throbbed in her engines' iron veins,
  Twirled myriad spindles for her gains.

  I, too, can weave; the warp I set
    Through which the sun his shuttle throws,
  And, bright as Noah saw it, yet
    For you the arching rainbow glows,
  A sight in Paradise denied
  To unfallen Adam and his bride.

  When Winter held me in his grip,
    You seized and sent me o'er the wave,
  Ungrateful! in a prison-ship;
    But I forgive, not long a slave,
  For, soon as summer south-winds blew,
  Homeward I fled, disguised as dew.

  For countless services I'm fit,
    Of use, of pleasure, and of gain,
  But lightly from all bonds I flit,
    Nor lose my mirth, nor feel a stain;
  From mill and wash-tub I escape,
  And take in heaven my proper shape.

  So, free myself, to-day, elate
    I come from far o'er hill and mead,
  And here, Cochituate's envoy, wait
    To be your blithesome Ganymede,
  And brim your cups with nectar true
  That never will make slaves of you.




                    LINES

  SUGGESTED BY THE GRAVES OF TWO ENGLISH SOLDIERS
             ON CONCORD BATTLE-GROUND.


  The same good blood that now refills
  The dotard Orient's shrunken veins,
  The same whose vigor westward thrills,
  Bursting Nevada's silver chains,
  Poured here upon the April grass,
  Freckled with red the herbage new;
  On reeled the battle's trampling mass,
  Back to the ash the bluebird new.

  Poured here in vain;--that sturdy blood
  Was meant to make the earth more green,
  But in a higher, gentler mood
  Than broke this April noon serene;
  Two graves are here; to mark the place,
  At head and foot, an unhewn stone,
  O'er which the herald lichens trace
  The blazon of Oblivion.

  These men were brave enough, and true
  To the hired soldier's bull-dog creed;
  What brought them here they never knew,
  They fought as suits the English breed;
  They came three thousand miles, and died,
  To keep the Past upon its throne;
  Unheard, beyond the ocean tide,
  Their English mother made her moan.

  The turf that covers them no thrill
  Sends up to fire the heart and brain;
  No stronger purpose nerves the will,
  No hope renews its youth again:
  From farm to farm the Concord glides,
  And trails my fancy with its flow;
  O'erhead the balanced henhawk slides,
  Twinned in the river's heaven below.

  But go, whose Bay-State bosom stirs,
  Proud of thy birth and neighbor's right,
  Where sleep the heroic villagers
  Borne red and stiff from Concord fight;
  Thought Reuben, snatching down his gun,
  Or Seth, as ebbed the life away,
  What earthquake rifts would shoot and run
  World-wide from that short April fray?

  What then? With heart and hand they wrought
  According to their village light;
  'Twas for the Future that they fought,
  Their rustic faith in what was right.
  Upon earth's tragic stage they burst
  Unsummoned, in the humble sock;
  Theirs the fifth act; the curtain first
  Rose long ago on Charles's block.

  Their graves have voices; if they threw
  Dice charged with fates beyond their ken,
  Yet to their instincts they were true,
  And had the genius to be men.
  Fine privilege of Freedom's host,
  Of even foot-soldiers for the Right!--
  For centuries dead, ye are not lost,
  Your graves send courage forth, and might.




                TO ----.


  We, too, have autumns, when our leaves
    Drop loosely through the dampened air,
  When all our good seems bound in sheaves,
    And we stand reaped and bare.

  Our seasons have no fixed returns,
    Without our will they come and go;
  At noon our sudden summer burns,
    Ere sunset all is snow.

  But each day brings less summer cheer,
    Crimps more our ineffectual spring,
  And something earlier every year
    Our singing birds take wing.

  As less the olden glow abides,
    And less the chillier heart aspires,
  With drift-wood beached in past spring-tides
    We light our sullen fires.

  By the pinched rushlight's starving beam
    We cower and strain our wasted sight,
  To stitch youth's shroud up, seam by seam,
    In the long arctic night.

  It was not so--we once were young--
    When Spring, to womanly Summer turning,
  Her dew-drops on each grass-blade strung,
    In the red sunrise burning.

  We trusted then, aspired, believed
    That earth could be remade to-morrow;--
  Ah, why be ever undeceived?
    Why give up faith for sorrow?

  O thou, whose days are yet all spring,
    Faith, blighted once, is past retrieving;
  Experience is a dumb, dead thing;
    The victory's in believing.




                  FREEDOM.


  Are we, then, wholly fallen? Can it be
  That thou, North wind, that from thy mountains bringest
  Their spirit to our plains, and thou, blue sea,
  Who on our rocks thy wreaths of freedom flingest,
  As on an altar,--can it be that ye
  Have wasted inspiration on dead ears,
  Dulled with the too familiar clank of chains?
  The people's heart is like a harp for years
  Hung where some petrifying torrent rains
  Its slow-incrusting spray: the stiffened chords
  Faint and more faint make answer to the tears
  That drip upon them: idle are all words;
  Only a silver plectrum wakes the tone
  Deep buried 'neath that ever-thickening stone.

  We are not free: Freedom doth not consist
  In musing with our faces toward the Past,
  While petty cares, and crawling interests, twist
  Their spider-threads about us, which at last
  Grow strong as iron chains, to cramp and bind
  In formal narrowness heart, soul, and mind.
  Freedom is recreated year by year,
  In hearts wide open on the Godward side,
  In souls calm-cadenced as the whirling sphere,
  In minds that sway the future like a tide.
  No broadest creeds can hold her, and no codes;
  She chooses men for her august abodes,
  Building them fair and fronting to the dawn;
  Yet, when we seek her, we but find a few
  Light footprints, leading morn-ward through the dew;
  Before the day had risen, she was gone.

  And we must follow: swiftly runs she on,
  And, if our steps should slacken in despair,
  Half turns her face, half smiles through golden hair,
  Forever yielding, never wholly won:
  That is not love which pauses in the race
  Two close-linked names on fleeting sand to trace;
  Freedom gained yesterday is no more ours;
  Men gather but dry seeds of last year's flowers:
  Still there's a charm ungranted, still a grace,
  Still rosy Hope, the free, the unattained,
  Makes us Possession's languid hand let fall;
  'Tis but a fragment of ourselves is gained,--
  The Future brings us more, but never all.

  And, as the finder of some unknown realm,
  Mounting a summit whence he thinks to see
  On either side of him the imprisoning sea,
  Beholds, above the clouds that overwhelm
  The valley-land, peak after snowy peak
  Stretch out of sight, each like a silver helm
  Beneath its plume of smoke, sublime and bleak,
  And what he thought an island finds to be
  A continent to him first oped,--so we
  Can from our height of Freedom look along
  A boundless future, ours if we be strong;
  Or if we shrink, better remount our ships
  And, fleeing God's express design, trace back
  The hero-freighted Mayflower's prophet-track
  To Europe, entering her blood-red eclipse.




              BIBLIOLATRES.


  Bowing thyself in dust before a Book,
  And thinking the great God is thine alone,
  O rash iconoclast, thou wilt not brook
  What gods the heathen carves in wood and stone,
  As if the Shepherd who from outer cold
  Leads all his shivering lambs to one sure fold
  Were careful for the fashion of his crook.

  There is no broken reed so poor and base,
  No rush, the bending tilt of swamp-fly blue,
  But he therewith the ravening wolf can chase,
  And guide his flock to springs and pastures new;
  Through ways unlooked for, and through many lands,
  Far from the rich folds built with human hands,
  The gracious footprints of his love I trace.

  And what art thou, own brother of the clod,
  That from his hand the crook wouldst snatch away
  And shake instead thy dry and sapless rod,
  To scare the sheep out of the wholesome day?
  Yea, what art thou, blind, unconverted Jew,
  That with thy idol-volume's covers two
  Wouldst make a jail to coop the living God?

  Thou hear'st not well the mountain organ-tones
  By prophet ears from Hor and Sinai caught,
  Thinking the cisterns of those Hebrew brains
  Drew dry the springs of the All-knower's thought,
  Nor shall thy lips be touched with living fire,
  Who blow'st old altar-coals with sole desire
  To weld anew the spirit's broken chains.

  God is not dumb, that he should speak no more;
  If thou hast wanderings in the wilderness
  And find'st not Sinai, 'tis thy soul is poor;
  There towers the mountain of the Voice no less,
  Which whoso seeks shall find, but he who bends,
  Intent on manna still and mortal ends,
  Sees it not, neither hears its thundered lore.

  Slowly the Bible of the race is writ,
  And not on paper leaves nor leaves of stone;
  Each age, each kindred adds a verse to it,
  Texts of despair or hope, of joy or moan.
  While swings the sea, while mists the mountains shroud,
  While thunder's surges burst on cliffs of cloud,
  Still at the prophets' feet the nations sit.




            BEAVER BROOK.


  Hushed with broad sunlight lies the hill,
  And, minuting the long day's loss,
  The cedar's shadow, slow and still,
  Creeps o'er its dial of gray moss.

  Warm noon brims full the valley's cup,
  The aspen's leaves are scarce astir,
  Only the little mill sends up
  Its busy, never-ceasing burr.

  Climbing the loose-piled wall that hems
  The road along the mill-pond's brink,
  From 'neath the arching barberry-stems,
  My footstep scares the shy chewink.

  Beneath a bony buttonwood
  The mill's red door lets forth the din;
  The whitened miller, dust-imbued,
  Flits past the square of dark within.

  No mountain torrent's strength is here;
  Sweet Beaver, child of forest still,
  Heaps its small pitcher to the ear,
  And gently waits the miller's will.

  Swift slips Undine along the race
  Unheard, and then, with flashing bound,
  Floods the dull wheel with light and grace,
  And, laughing, hunts the loath drudge round.

  The miller dreams not at what cost
  The quivering mill-stones hum and whirl,
  Nor how for every turn, are tost
  Armfuls of diamond and of pearl.

  But Summer cleared my happier eyes
  With drops of some celestial juice,
  To see how Beauty underlies
  For evermore each form of Use.

  And more: methought I saw that flood,
  Which now so dull and darkling steals,
  Thick, here and there, with human blood,
  To turn the world's laborious wheels.

  No more than doth the miller there,
  Shut in our several cells, do we
  Know with what waste of beauty rare
  Moves every day's machinery.

  Surely the wiser time shall come
  When this fine overplus of might,
  No longer sullen, slow, and dumb,
  Shall leap to music and to light.

  In that new childhood of the Earth
  Life of itself shall dance and play;
  Fresh blood in Time's shrunk veins make mirth,
  And labor meet delight half-way.




            APPLEDORE.


  How looks Appledore in a storm?
    I have seen it when its crags seemed frantic,
    Butting against the maddened Atlantic,
  When surge after surge would heap enorme,
    Cliffs of Emerald topped with snow,
    That lifted and lifted and then let go
  A great white avalanche of thunder,
    A grinding, blinding, deafening ire
  Monadnock might have trembled under;
    And the island, whose rock-roots pierce below
    To where they are warmed with the central fire,
  You could feel its granite fibres racked,
    As it seemed to plunge with a shudder and thrill
    Right at the breast of the swooping hill,
  And to rise again, snorting a cataract
  Of rage-froth from every cranny and ledge,
    While the sea drew its breath in hoarse and deep,
  And the next vast breaker curled its edge,
    Gathering itself for a mighty leap.

  North, east, and south there are reefs and breakers,
    You would never dream of in smooth weather,
  That toss and gore the sea for acres,
    Bellowing and gnashing and snarling together;
  Look northward, where Duck Island lies,
  And over its crown you will see arise,
  Against a background of slaty skies,
    A row of pillars still and white
    That glimmer and then are out of sight,
  As if the moon should suddenly kiss,
    While you crossed the gusty desert by night,
  The long colonnades of Persepolis,
  And then as sudden a darkness should follow
  To gulp the whole scene at single swallow,
  The city's ghost, the drear, brown waste,
  And the string of camels, clumsy-paced:--
  Look southward for White Island light,
    The lantern stands ninety feet o'er the tide;
  There is first a half-mile of tumult and fight,
  Of dash and roar and tumble and fright,
    And surging bewilderment wild and wide,
  Where the breakers struggle left and right,
    Then a mile or more of rushing sea,
  And then the light-house slim and lone;
  And whenever the whole weight of ocean is thrown
  Full and fair on White Island head,
    A great mist-jotun you will see
    Lifting himself up silently
  High and huge o'er the light-house top,
  With hands of wavering spray outspread,
    Groping after the little tower,
    That seems to shrink, and shorten and cower,
  Till the monster's arms of a sudden drop,
    And silently and fruitlessly
    He sinks again into the sea.

  You, meanwhile, where drenched you stand,
    Awaken once more to the rush and roar
  And on the rock-point tighten your hand,
  As you turn and see a valley deep,
    That was not there a moment before,
  Suck rattling down between you and a heap
    Of toppling billow, whose instant fall
    Must sink the whole island once for all--
  Or watch the silenter, stealthier seas
    Feeling their way to you more and more;
  If they once should clutch you high as the knees
  They would whirl you down like a sprig of kelp,
  Beyond all reach of hope or help;--
    And such in a storm is Appledore.




                  DARA.


  When Persia's sceptre trembled in a hand
  Wilted by harem-heats, and all the land
    Was hovered over by those vulture ills
  That snuff decaying empire from afar,
  Then, with a nature balanced as a star,
    Dara arose, a shepherd of the hills.

  He, who had governed fleecy subjects well,
  Made his own village, by the self-same spell,
    Secure and peaceful as a guarded fold,
  Till, gathering strength by slow and wise degrees,
  Under his sway, to neighbor villages
    Order returned, and faith and justice old.

  Now, when it fortuned that a king more wise
  Endued the realm with brain and hands and eyes,
    He sought on every side men brave and just,
  And having heard the mountain-shepherd's praise,
  How he rendered the mould of elder days,
    To Dara gave a satrapy in trust.

  So Dara shepherded a province wide,
  Nor in his viceroy's sceptre took more pride
    Than in his crook before; but Envy finds
  More soil in cities than on mountains bare,
  And the frank sun of spirits clear and rare
    Breeds poisonous fogs in low and marish minds.

  Soon it was whispered at the royal ear
  That, though wise Dara's province, year by year,
    Like a great sponge, drew wealth and plenty up,
  Yet, when he squeezed it at the king's behest,
  Some golden drops, more rich than all the rest,
    Went to the filling of his private cup.

  For proof, they said that whereso'er he went
  A chest, beneath whose weight the camel bent,
    Went guarded, and no other eye had seen
  What was therein, save only Dara's own,
  Yet, when 'twas opened, all his tent was known
    To glow and lighten with heapt jewels' sheen.

  The king set forth for Dara's province straight,
  Where, as was fit, outside his city's gate
    The viceroy met him with a stately train;
  And there, with archers circled, close at hand,
  A camel with the chest was seen to stand,
    The king grew red, for thus the guilt was plain.

  "Open me now," he cried, "yon treasure-chest!"
  'Twas done, and only a worn shepherd's vest
    Was found within; some blushed and hung the head,
  Not Dara; open as the sky's blue roof
  He stood, and "O, my lord, behold the proof
    That I was worthy of my trust!" he said.

  "For ruling men, lo! all the charm I had;
  My soul, in those coarse vestments ever clad,
    Still to the unstained past kept true and leal,
  Still on these plains could breathe her mountain air,
  And Fortune's heaviest gifts serenely bear,
    Which bend men from the truth, and make them reel.

  "To govern wisely I had shown small skill
  Were I not lord of simple Dara still;
    That sceptre kept, I cannot lose my way!"
  Strange dew in royal eyes grew round, and bright
  And thrilled the trembling lids; before 'twas night
    Two added provinces blest Dara's sway.




                TO J. F. H.


  Nine years have slipped like hour-glass sand
    From life's fast-emptying globe away,
  Since last, dear friend, I clasped your hand,
  And lingered on the impoverished land,
    Watching the steamer down the bay.

  I held the keepsake which you gave,
    Until the dim smoke-pennon curled
  O'er the vague rim 'tween sky and wave,
  And closed the distance like a grave,
    Leaving me to the outer world;

  The old worn world of hurry and heat,
    The young, fresh world of thought and scope;
  While you, where silent surges fleet
  Toward far sky beaches still and sweet,
    Sunk wavering down the ocean-slope.

  Come back our ancient walks to tread,
    Old haunts of lost or scattered friends,
  Amid the Muses' factories red,
  Where song, and smoke, and laughter sped
    The nights to proctor-hunted ends.

  Our old familiars are not laid,
    Though snapped our wands and sunk our books,
  They beckon, not to be gainsaid,
  Where, round broad meads which mowers wade,
    Smooth Charles his steel-blue sickle crooks;

  Where, as the cloudbergs eastward blow,
    From glow to gloom the hillside shifts
  Its lakes of rye that surge and flow,
  Its plumps of orchard-trees arow,
    Its snowy white-weed's summer drifts.

  Or let us to Nantasket, there
    To wander idly as we list,
  Whether, on rocky hillocks bare,
  Sharp cedar-points, like breakers, tear
    The trailing fringes of gray mist.

  Or whether, under skies clear-blown,
    The heightening surfs with foamy din,
  Their breeze-caught forelocks backward blown
  Against old Neptune's yellow zone,
    Curl slow, and plunge forever in.

  For years thrice three, wise Horace said,
    A poem rare let silence bind;
  And love may ripen in the shade,
  Like ours, for nine long seasons laid
    In crypts and arches of the mind.

  That right Falernian friendship old
    Will we, to grace our feast, call up,
  And freely pour the juice of gold,
  That keeps life's pulses warm and bold,
    Till Death shall break the empty cup.




            MEMORIAL VERSES.




                KOSSUTH.


  A race of nobles may die out,
  A royal line may leave no heir;
  Wise Nature sets no guards about
  Her pewter plate and wooden ware.

  But they fail not, the kinglier breed,
  Who starry diadems attain;
  To dungeon, axe, and stake succeed
  Heirs of the old heroic strain.

  The zeal of Nature never cools,
  Nor is she thwarted of her ends;
  When gapped and dulled her cheaper tools,
  Then she a saint and prophet spends.

  Land of the Magyars! though it be
  The tyrant may relink his chain,
  Already thine the victory,
  As the just Future measures gain.

  Thou hast succeeded, thou hast won
  The deathly travail's amplest worth;
  A nation's duty thou hast done,
  Giving a hero to our earth.

  And he, let come what will of woe,
  Has saved the land he strove to save;
  No Cossack hordes, no traitor's blow,
  Can quench the voice shall haunt his grave.

  "I Kossuth am: O Future, thou
  That clear'st the just and blott'st the vile,
  O'er this small dust in reverence bow,
  Remembering, what I was erewhile.

  "I was the chosen trump wherethrough
  Our God sent forth awakening breath;
  Came chains? Came death? The strain He blew
  Sounds on, outliving chains and death."




              TO LAMARTINE.

                  1848.


  I did not praise thee when the crowd,
     'Witched with the moment's inspiration,
  Vexed thy still ether with hosannas loud,
     And stamped their dusty adoration;
    I but looked upward with the rest,
  And, when they shouted Greatest, whispered Best.

  They raised thee not, but rose to thee,
     Their fickle wreaths about thee flinging;
  So on some marble Phœbus the high sea
     Might leave his worthless sea-weed clinging,
    But pious hands, with reverent care,
  Make the pure limbs once more sublimely bare.

  Now thou 'rt thy plain, grand self again,
     Thou art secure from panegyric,--
  Thou who gav'st politics an epic strain,
     And actedst Freedom's noblest lyric:
    This side the Blessed Isles, no tree
  Grows green enough to make a wreath for thee.

  Nor can blame cling to thee; the snow
     From swinish foot-prints takes no staining,
  But, leaving the gross soils of earth below,
     Its spirit mounts, the skies regaining,
    And unresenting falls again,
  To beautify the world with dews and rain.

  The highest duty to mere man vouchsafed
     Was laid on thee,--out of wild chaos,
  When the roused popular ocean foamed and chafed,
     And vulture War from his Imaus
    Snuffed blood, to summon homely Peace,
  And show that only order is release.

  To carve thy fullest thought, what though
     Time was not granted? Aye in history,
  Like that Dawn's face which baffled Angelo,
     Left shapeless, grander for its mystery,
    Thy great Design shall stand, and day
  Flood its blind front from Orients far away.

  Who says thy day is o'er? Control,
     My heart, that bitter first emotion;
  While men shall reverence the steadfast soul,
     The heart in silent self-devotion
    Breaking, the mild, heroic mien,
  Thou'lt need no prop of marble, Lamartine.

  If France reject thee, 'tis not thine,
     But her own, exile that she utters;
  Ideal France, the deathless, the divine,
     Will be where thy white pennon flutters,
    As once the nobler Athens went
  With Aristides into banishment.

  No fitting metewand hath To-day
     For measuring spirits of thy stature,--
  Only the Future can reach up to lay
     The laurel on that lofty nature,--
    Bard, who with some diviner art
  Has touched the bard's true lyre, a nation's heart.

  Swept by thy hand, the gladdened chords,
     Crashed now in discords fierce by others,
  Gave forth one note beyond all skill of words,
     And chimed together, We are brothers.
    O poem unsurpassed! it ran
  All round the world, unlocking man to man.

  France is too poor to pay alone
     The service of that ample spirit;
  Paltry seem low dictatorship and throne,
     If balanced with thy simple merit.
    They had to thee been rust and loss;
  Thy aim was higher,--thou hast climbed a Cross.




            TO JOHN G. PALFREY.


    There are who triumph in a losing cause,
  Who can put on defeat, as 't were a wreath
  Unwithering in the adverse popular breath,
    Safe from the blasting demagogue's applause;
   'Tis they who stand for Freedom and God's laws.

  And so stands Palfrey now, as Marvell stood,
  Loyal to Truth dethroned, nor could be wooed
    To trust the playful tiger's velvet paws:
  And if the second Charles brought in decay
    Of ancient virtue, if it well might wring
  Souls that had broadened 'neath a nobler day,
    To see a losel, marketable king
  Fearfully watering with his realm's best blood
    Cromwell's quenched bolts, that erst had cracked and flamed,
  Scaring, through all their depths of courtier mud,
    Europe's crowned bloodsuckers,--how more ashamed
  Ought we to be, who see Corruption's flood
    Still rise o'er last year's mark, to mine away
    Our brazen idols' feet of treacherous clay!

  O utter degradation! Freedom turned
    Slavery's vile bawd, to cozen and betray
    To the old lecher's clutch a maiden prey,
  If so a loathsome pander's fee be earned!
    And we are silent,--we who daily tread
  A soil sublime, at least, with heroes' graves!--
    Beckon no more, shades of the noble dead!
  Be dumb, ye heaven-touched lips of winds and waves!
    Or hope to rouse some Coptic dullard, hid
  Ages ago, wrapt stiffly, fold on fold,
  With cerements close, to wither in the cold
    Forever hushed, and sunless pyramid!
    Beauty and Truth, and all that these contain,
  Drop not like ripened fruit about our feet;
    We climb to them through years of sweat and pain;
    Without long struggle, none did e'er attain
  The downward look from Quiet's blissful seat:
    Though present loss may be the hero's part,
    Yet none can rob him of the victor heart
  Whereby the broad-realmed future is subdued,
    And Wrong, which now insults from triumph's car,
    Sending her vulture hope to raven far,
  Is made unwilling tributary of Good.

  O Mother State, how quenched thy Sinai fires!
    Is there none left of thy staunch Mayflower breed?
  No spark among the ashes of thy sires,
    Of Virtue's altar-flame the kindling seed?
  Are these thy great men, these that cringe and creep,
    And writhe through slimy ways to place and power?--
  How long, O Lord, before thy wrath shall reap
    Our frail-stemmed summer prosperings in their flower?
  O for one hour of that undaunted stock
  That went with Vane and Sydney to the block!

  O for a whiff of Naseby, that would sweep,
    With its stern Puritan besom, all this chaff
    From the Lord's threshing-floor! Yet more than half
  The victory is attained, when one or two,
    Through the fool's laughter and the traitor's scorn,
    Beside thy sepulchre can abide the morn,
  Crucified Truth, when thou shalt rise anew.




                 TO W. L. GARRISON.


     "Some time afterward, it was reported to me by the city
     officers that they had ferreted out the paper and its
     editor; that his office was an obscure hole, his only
     visible auxiliary a negro boy, and his supporters a few very
     insignificant persons of all colors."--_Letter of H. G.
     Otis._

  In a small chamber, friendless and unseen,
    Toiled o'er his types one poor, unlearned young man;
  The place was dark, unfurnitured, and mean;--
    Yet there the freedom of a race began.

  Help came but slowly; surely no man yet
    Put lever to the heavy world with less:
  What need of help? He knew how types were set,
    He had a dauntless spirit, and a press.

  Such earnest natures are the fiery pith,
    The compact nucleus round which systems grow!
  Mass after mass becomes inspired therewith,
    And whirls impregnate with the central glow.

  O Truth! O Freedom! how are ye still born
    In the rude stable, in the manger nursed!
  What humble hands unbar those gates of morn
    Through which the splendors of the New Day burst!

  What! shall one monk, scarce known beyond his cell,
    Front Rome's far-reaching bolts, and scorn her frown?
  Brave Luther answered Yes; that thunder's swell
    Rocked Europe, and discharmed the triple crown.

  Whatever can be known of earth we know,
    Sneered Europe's wise men, in their snail-shells curled;
  No! said one man in Genoa, and that No
    Out of the dark created this New World.

  Who is it will not dare himself to trust?
    Who is it hath not strength to stand alone?
  Who is it thwarts and bilks the inward |MUST|?
    He and his works, like sand, from earth are blown.

  Men of a thousand shifts and wiles, look here!
    See one straightforward conscience put in pawn
  To win a world; see the obedient sphere
    By bravery's simple gravitation drawn!

  Shall we not heed the lesson taught of old,
    And by the Present's lips repeated still,
  In our own single manhood to be bold,
    Fortressed in conscience and impregnable will?

  We stride the river daily at its spring,
    Nor, in our childish thoughtlessness, foresee
  What myriad vassal streams shall tribute bring,
    How like an equal it shall greet the sea.

  O small beginnings, ye are great and strong,
    Based on a faithful heart and weariless brain!
  Ye build the future fair, ye conquer wrong,
    Ye earn the crown, and wear it not in vain.




    ON THE DEATH OF C. T. TORREY.


  Woe worth the hour when it is crime
    To plead the poor dumb bondman's cause,
  When all that makes the heart sublime,
  The glorious throbs that conquer time,
    Are traitors to our cruel laws!

  He strove among God's suffering poor
    One gleam of brotherhood to send;
  The dungeon oped its hungry door
  To give the truth one martyr more,
    Then shut,--and here behold the end!

  O Mother State! when this was done,
    No pitying throe thy bosom gave;
  Silent thou saw'st the death-shroud spun,
  And now thou givest to thy son
    The stranger's charity--a grave.

  Must it be thus forever? No!
    The hand of God sows not in vain;
  Long sleeps the darkling seed below,
  The seasons come, and change, and go,
    And all the fields are deep with grain.

  Although our brother lie asleep,
    Man's heart still struggles, still aspires;
  His grave shall quiver yet, while deep
  Through the brave Bay State's pulses leap
    Her ancient energies and fires.

  When hours like this the senses' gush
    Have stilled, and left the spirit room,
  It hears amid the eternal hush
  The swooping pinions' dreadful rush,
    That brings the vengeance and the doom;--

  Not man's brute vengeance, such as rends
    What rivets man to man apart,--
  God doth not so bring round his ends,
  But waits the ripened time, and sends
    His mercy to the oppressor's heart.




    ELEGY ON THE DEATH OF DR. CHANNING.


  I do not come to weep above thy pall,
    And mourn the dying-out of noble powers;
  The poet's clearer eye should see, in all
    Earth's seeming woe, the seed of Heaven's flowers.

  Truth needs no champions: in the infinite deep
    Of everlasting Soul her strength abides,
  From Nature's heart her mighty pulses leap,
    Through Nature's veins her strength, undying, tides.

  Peace is more strong than war, and gentleness,
    Where force were vain, makes conquest o'er the wave;
  And love lives on and hath a power to bless,
    When they who loved are hidden in the grave.

  The sculptured marble brags of death-strewn fields,
    And Glory's epitaph is writ in blood;
  But Alexander now to Plato yields,
    Clarkson will stand where Wellington hath stood.

  I watch the circle of the eternal years,
    And read forever in the storied page
  One lengthened roll of blood, and wrong, and tears,--
    One onward step of Truth from age to age.

  The poor are crushed; the tyrants link their chain;
    The poet sings through narrow dungeon-grates;
  Man's hope lies quenched;--and, lo! with steadfast gain
    Freedom doth forge her mail of adverse fates.

  Men slay the prophets; fagot, rack, and cross
    Make up the groaning record of the past;
  But Evil's triumphs are her endless loss,
    And sovereign Beauty wins the soul at last.

  No power can die that ever wrought for Truth;
    Thereby a law of Nature it became,
  And lives unwithered in its sinewy youth,
    When he who called it forth is but a name.

  Therefore I cannot think thee wholly gone;
    The better part of thee is with us still;
  Thy soul its hampering clay aside hath thrown,
    And only freer wrestles with the Ill.

  Thou livest in the life of all good things;
    What words thou spak'st for Freedom shall not die;
  Thou sleepest not, for now thy Love hath wings
    To soar where hence thy Hope could hardly fly.

  And often, from that other world, on this
    Some gleams from great souls gone before may shine,
  To shed on struggling hearts a clearer bliss,
    And clothe the Right with lustre more divine.

  Thou art not idle: in thy higher sphere
    Thy spirit bends itself to loving tasks,
  And strength, to perfect what it dreamed of here
    Is all the crown and glory that it asks.

  For sure, in Heaven's wide chambers, there is room
    For love and pity, and for helpful deeds;
  Else were our summons thither but a doom
    To life more vain than this in clayey weeds.

  From off the starry mountain peak of song,
    Thy spirit shows me, in the coming time,
  An earth unwithered by the foot of wrong,
    A race revering its own soul sublime.

  What wars, what martyrdoms, what crimes, may come,
    Thou knowest not, nor I; but God will lead
  The prodigal soul from want and sorrow home,
    And Eden ope her gates to Adam's seed.

  Farewell! good man, good angel now! this hand
    Soon, like thine own, shall lose its cunning, too;
  Soon shall this soul, like thine, bewildered stand,
    Then leap to thread the free, unfathomed blue:

  When that day comes, O, may this hand grow cold,
    Busy, like thine, for Freedom and the Right;
  O, may this soul, like thine, be ever bold
    To face dark Slavery's encroaching blight!

  This laurel-leaf I cast upon thy bier;
    Let worthier hands than these thy wreath entwine;
  Upon thy hearse I shed no useless tear,--
    For us weep rather thou in calm divine.

    1842.





          TO THE MEMORY OF HOOD.


  Another star 'neath Time's horizon dropped,
    To gleam o'er unknown lands and seas;
  Another heart that beat for freedom stopped,--
    What mournful words are these!

  O Love Divine, that claspest our tired earth,
    And lullest it upon thy heart,
  Thou knowest how much a gentle soul is worth
    To teach men what thou art!

  His was a spirit that to all thy poor
    Was kind as slumber after pain:
  Why ope so soon thy heaven-deep Quiet's door
    And call him home again?

  Freedom needs all her poets: it is they
    Who give her aspirations wings,
  And to the wiser law of music sway
    Her wild imaginings.

  Yet thou hast called him, nor art thou unkind,
    O Love Divine, for 'tis thy will
  That gracious natures leave their love behind
    To work for Freedom still.

  Let laurelled marbles weigh on other tombs,
    Let anthems peal for other dead,
  Rustling the bannered depth of minster-glooms
    With their exulting spread.

  His epitaph shall mock the short-lived stone,
    No lichen shall its lines efface,
  He needs these few and simple lines alone
    To mark his resting-place:--

  "Here lies a Poet. Stranger, if to thee
    His claim to memory be obscure,
  If thou wouldst learn how truly great was he,
    Go, ask it of the poor."




                   SONNETS.


                      I.

                TO A. C. L.

  Through suffering and sorrow thou hast passed
  To show us what a woman true may be:
  They have not taken sympathy from thee,
  Nor made thee any other than thou wast,
  Save as some tree, which, in a sudden blast,
  Sheddeth those blossoms, that are weakly grown,
  Upon the air, but keepeth every one
  Whose strength gives warrant of good fruit at last
  So thou hast shed some blooms of gayety,
  But never one of steadfast cheerfulness;
  Nor hath thy knowledge of adversity
  Robbed thee of any faith in happiness,
  But rather cleared thy inner eyes to see
  How many simple ways there are to bless.

    1840.


                     II.

  What were I, Love, if I were stripped of thee,
  If thine eyes shut me out whereby I live,
  Thou, who unto my calmer soul dost give
  Knowledge, and Truth, and holy Mystery,
  Wherein Truth mainly lies for those who see
  Beyond the earthly and the fugitive,
  Who in the grandeur of the soul believe,
  And only in the Infinite are free?
  Without thee I were naked, bleak, and bare
  As yon dead cedar on the sea-cliff's brow;
  And Nature's teachings, which come to me now,
  Common and beautiful as light and air,
  Would be as fruitless as a stream which still
  Slips through the wheel of some old ruined mill.

    1841.


                     III.

  I would not have this perfect love of ours
  Grow from a single root, a single stem,
  Bearing no goodly fruit, but only flowers
  That idly hide life's iron diadem:
  It should grow alway like that eastern tree
  Whose limbs take root and spread forth constantly;
  That love for one, from which there doth not spring
  Wide love for all, it is but a worthless thing.
  Not in another world, as poets prate,
  Dwell we apart above the tide of things,
  High floating o'er earth's clouds on faery wings;
  But our pure love doth ever elevate
  Into a holy bond of brotherhood
  All earthly things, making them pure and good.

    1840.


                     IV.

  "For this true nobleness I seek in vain,
  In woman and in man I find it not;
  I almost weary of my earthly lot,
  My life-springs are dried up with burning pain."
  Thou find'st it not? I pray thee look again,
  Look _inward_ through the depths of thine own soul.
  How is it with thee? Art thou sound and whole?
  Doth narrow search show thee no earthly stain?
  Be noble! and the nobleness that lies
  In other men, sleeping, but never dead,
  Will rise in majesty to meet thine own:
  Then wilt thou see it gleam in many eyes,
  Then will pure light around thy path be shed,
  And thou wilt never more be sad and lone.

    1840.


                      V.

            TO THE SPIRIT OF KEATS.

  Great soul, thou sittest with me in my room,
  Uplifting me with thy vast, quiet eyes,
  On whose full orbs, with kindly lustre, lies
  The twilight warmth of ruddy ember-gloom:
  Thy clear, strong tones will oft bring sudden bloom
  Of hope secure, to him who lonely cries,
  Wrestling with the young poet's agonies,
  Neglect and scorn, which seem a certain doom:
  Yes! the few words which, like great thunderdrops,
  Thy large heart down to earth shook doubtfully,
  Thrilled by the inward lightning of its might,
  Serene and pure, like gushing joy of light,
  Shall track the eternal chords of Destiny,
  After the moon-led pulse of ocean stops.

    1841.


                     VI.

  Great Truths are portions of the soul of man;
  Great souls are portions of Eternity;
  Each drop of blood that e'er through true heart ran
  With lofty message, ran for thee and me;
  For God's law, since the starry song began,
  Hath been, and still for evermore must be,
  That every deed which shall outlast Time's span
  Must goad the soul to be erect and free;
  Slave is no word of deathless lineage sprung,--
  Too many noble souls have thought and died,
  Too many mighty poets have lived and sung,
  And our good Saxon, from lips purified
  With martyr-fire, throughout the world hath rung
  Too long to have God's holy cause denied.

    1841.


                     VII.

  I ask not for those thoughts, that sudden leap
  From being's sea, like the isle-seeming Kraken,
  With whose great rise the ocean all is shaken
  And a heart-tremble quivers through the deep;
  Give me that growth which some perchance deem sleep,
  Wherewith the steadfast coral-stems uprise,
  Which, by the toil of gathering energies,
  Their upward way into clear sunshine keep,
  Until, by Heaven's sweetest influences,
  Slowly and slowly spreads a speck of green
  Into a pleasant island in the seas,
  Where, mid tall palms, the cane-roofed home is seen,
  And wearied men shall sit at sunset's hour,
  Hearing the leaves and loving God's dear power.

    1841.


                    VIII.

          TO M. W. ON HER BIRTHDAY.

  Maiden, when such a soul as thine is born,
  The morning stars their ancient music make,
  And, joyful, once again their song awake,
  Long silent now with melancholy scorn;
  And thou, not mindless of so blest a morn,
  By no least deed its harmony shalt break,
  But shalt to that high chime thy footsteps take,
  Through life's most darksome passes unforlorn;
  Therefore from thy pure faith thou shalt not fall,
  Therefore shalt thou be ever fair and free,
  And in thine every motion musical
  As summer air, majestic as the sea,
  A mystery to those who creep and crawl
  Through Time, and part it from Eternity.

    1841.


                     IX.

  My Love, I have no fear that thou shouldst die;
  Albeit I ask no fairer life than this,
  Whose numbering-clock is still thy gentle kiss,
  While Time and Peace with hands enlockèd fly,--
  Yet care I not where in Eternity
  We live and love, well knowing that there is
  No backward step for those who feel the bliss
  Of Faith as their most lofty yearnings high:
  Love hath so purified my being's core,
  Meseems I scarcely should be startled, even,
  To find, some morn, that thou hadst gone before;
  Since, with thy love, this knowledge too was given,
  Which each calm day doth strengthen more and more,
  That they who love are but one step from Heaven.

    1841.


                      X.

  I cannot think that thou shouldst pass away,
  Whose life to mine is an eternal law,
  A piece of nature that can have no flaw,
  A new and certain sunrise every day;
  But, if thou art to be another ray
  About the Sun of Life, and art to live
  Free from all of thee that was fugitive,
  The debt of Love I will more fully pay,
  Not downcast with the thought of thee so high,
  But rather raised to be a nobler man,
  And more divine in my humanity,
  As knowing that the waiting eyes which scan
  My life are lighted by a purer being,
  And ask meek, calm-browed deeds, with it agreeing.

    1841.


                     XI.

  There never yet was flower fair in vain,
  Let classic poets rhyme it as they will;
  The seasons toil that it may blow again,
  And summer's heart doth feel its every ill;
  Nor is a true soul ever born for naught;
  Wherever any such hath lived and died,
  There hath been something for true freedom wrought,
  Some bulwark levelled on the evil side:
  Toil on, then, Greatness! thou art in the right,
  However narrow souls may call thee wrong;
  Be as thou wouldst be in thine own clear sight,
  And so thou wilt in all the world's ere long;
  For worldlings cannot, struggle as they may,
  From man's great soul one great thought hide away.

    1841.


                     XII.

             SUB PONDERE CRESCIT.

  The hope of Truth grows stronger, day by day;
  I hear the soul of Man around me waking,
  Like a great sea, its frozen fetters breaking,
  And flinging up to heaven its sunlit spray,
  Tossing huge continents in scornful play,
  And crushing them, with din of grinding thunder,
  That makes old emptinesses stare in wonder;
  The memory of a glory passed away
  Lingers in every heart, as, in the shell,
  Resounds the bygone freedom of the sea,
  And, every hour new signs of promise tell
  That the great soul shall once again be free,
  For high, and yet more high, the murmurs swell
  Of inward strife for truth and liberty.

    1841.


                    XIII.

  Belovèd, in the noisy city here,
  The thought of thee can make all turmoil cease;
  Around my spirit, folds thy spirit clear
  Its still, soft arms, and circles it with peace;
  There is no room for any doubt or fear
  In souls so overfilled with love's increase,
  There is no memory of the bygone year
  But growth in heart's and spirit's perfect ease;
  How hath our love, half nebulous at first,
  Rounded itself into a full-orbed sun!
  How have our lives and wills (as haply erst
  They were, ere this forgetfulness begun,)
  Through all their earthly distantness outburst,
  And melted, like two rays of light, in one!

    1842.


                     XIV.

  ON READING WORDSWORTH'S SONNETS IN DEFENCE OF
              CAPITAL PUNISHMENT.

  As the broad ocean endlessly upheaveth,
  With the majestic beating of his heart,
  The mighty tides, whereof its rightful part
  Each sea-wide bay and little weed receiveth,--
  So, through his soul who earnestly believeth,
  Life from the universal Heart doth flow,
  Whereby some conquest of the eternal Woe,
  By instinct of God's nature, he achieveth:
  A fuller pulse of this all-powerful beauty
  Into the poet's gulf-like heart doth tide,
  And he more keenly feels the glorious duty
  Of serving Truth, despised and crucified,--
  Happy, unknowing sect or creed, to rest
  And feel God flow forever through his breast.

    1842.


                     XV.

            THE SAME CONTINUED.

  Once hardly in a cycle blossometh
  A flower-like soul ripe with the seeds of song,
  A spirit fore-ordained to cope with wrong,
  Whose divine thoughts are natural as breath,
  Who the old Darkness thickly scattereth
  With starry words, that shoot prevailing light
  Into the deeps, and wither, with the blight
  Of serene Truth, the coward heart of Death:
  Woe, if such spirit thwart its errand high,
  And mock with lies the longing soul of man!
  Yet one age longer must true Culture lie,
  Soothing her bitter fetters as she can,
  Until new messages of love outstart
  At the next beating of the infinite Heart.


                     XVI.

            THE SAME CONTINUED.

  The love of all things springs from love of one;
  Wider the soul's horizon hourly grows,
  And over it with fuller glory flows
  The sky-like spirit of God; a hope begun
  In doubt and darkness 'neath a fairer sun
  Cometh to fruitage, if it be of Truth;
  And to the law of meekness, faith, and ruth,
  By inward sympathy, shall all be won:
  This thou shouldst know, who, from the painted feature
  Of shifting Fashion, couldst thy brethren turn
  Unto the love of ever-youthful Nature,
  And of a beauty fadeless and eterne;
  And always 'tis the saddest sight to see
  An old man faithless in Humanity.


                    XVII.

            THE SAME CONTINUED.

  A poet cannot strive for despotism;
  His harp falls shattered; for it still must be
  The instinct of great spirits to be free,
  And the sworn foes of cunning barbarism:
  He, who has deepest searched the wide abysm
  Of that life-giving Soul which men call fate,
  Knows that to put more faith in lies and hate
  Than truth and love is the true atheism:
  Upward the soul forever turns her eyes;
  The next hour always shames the hour before;
  One beauty, at its highest, prophesies
  That by whose side it shall seem mean and poor;
  No God-like thing knows aught of less and less,
  But widens to the boundless Perfectness.


                    XVIII.

            THE SAME CONTINUED.

  Therefore think not the Past is wise alone,
  For Yesterday knows nothing of the Best,
  And thou shalt love it only as the nest
  Whence glory-wingèd things to Heaven have flown:
  To the great Soul alone are all things known;
  Present and future are to her as past,
  While she in glorious madness doth forecast
  That perfect bud, which seems a flower full-blown
  To each new Prophet, and yet always opes
  Fuller and fuller with each day and hour,
  Heartening the soul with odor of fresh hopes,
  And longings high, and gushings of wide power,
  Yet never is or shall be fully blown
  Save in the forethought of the Eternal One.


                     XIX.

             THE SAME CONCLUDED.

  Far 'yond this narrow parapet of Time,
  With eyes uplift, the poet's soul should look
  Into the Endless Promise, nor should brook
  One prying doubt to shake his faith sublime;
  To him the earth is ever in her prime
  And dewiness of morning; he can see
  Good lying hid, from all eternity,
  Within the teeming womb of sin and crime;
  His soul should not be cramped by any bar,
  His nobleness should be so God-like high,
  That his least deed is perfect as a star,
  His common look majestic as the sky,
  And all o'erflooded with a light from far,
  Undimmed by clouds of weak mortality.


                     XX.

                 TO M. O. S.

  Mary, since first I knew thee, to this hour,
  My love hath deepened, with my wiser sense
  Of what in Woman is to reverence;
  Thy clear heart, fresh as e'er was forest-flower,
  Still opens more to me its beauteous dower;--
  But let praise hush,--Love asks no evidence
  To prove itself well-placed; we know not whence
  It gleans the straws that thatch its humble bower:
  We can but say we found it in the heart,
  Spring of all sweetest thoughts, arch foe of blame,
  Sower of flowers in the dusty mart,
  Pure vestal of the poet's holy flame,--
  This is enough, and we have done our part
  If we but keep it spotless as it came.

    1842.


                     XXI.

  Our love is not a fading, earthly flower:
  Its wingèd seed dropped down from Paradise,
  And, nursed by day and night, by sun and shower,
  Doth momently to fresher beauty rise:
  To us the leafless autumn is not bare,
  Nor winter's rattling boughs lack lusty green.
  Our summer hearts make summer's fulness, where
  No leaf, or bud, or blossom may be seen:
  For nature's life in love's deep life doth lie,
  Love,--whose forgetfulness is beauty's death,
  Whose mystic key these cells of Thou and I
  Into the infinite freedom openeth,
  And makes the body's dark and narrow grate
  The wide-flung leaves of Heaven's palace-gate.

    1842.


                    XXII.

                 IN ABSENCE.

  These rugged, wintry days I scarce could bear,
  Did I not know, that, in the early spring,
  When wild March winds upon their errands sing,
  Thou wouldst return, bursting on this still air,
  Like those same winds, when, startled from their lair,
  They hunt up violets, and free swift brooks,
  From icy cares, even as thy clear looks
  Bid my heart bloom, and sing, and break all care;
  When drops with welcome rain the April day,
  My flowers shall find their April in thine eyes,
  Save there the rain in dreamy clouds doth stay,
  As loath to fall out of those happy skies;
  Yet sure, my love, thou art most like to May,
  That comes with steady sun when April dies.

    1843.


                    XXIII.

               WENDELL PHILLIPS.

  He stood upon the world's broad threshold; wide
  The din of battle and of slaughter rose;
  He saw God stand upon the weaker side,
  That sank in seeming loss before its foes;
  Many there were who made great haste and sold
  Unto the cunning enemy their swords,
  He scorned their gifts of fame, and power, and gold,
  And, underneath their soft and flowery words,
  Heard the cold serpent hiss; therefore he went
  And humbly joined him to the weaker part,
  Fanatic named, and fool, yet well content
  So he could be the nearer to God's heart,
  And feel its solemn pulses sending blood
  Through all the wide-spread veins of endless good.


                     XXIV.

                  THE STREET.

  They pass me by like shadows, crowds on crowds,
  Dim ghosts of men, that hover to and fro,
  Hugging their bodies round them, like thin shrouds
  Wherein their souls were buried long ago:
  They trampled on their youth, and faith, and love,
  They cast their hope of human-kind away,
  With Heaven's clear messages they madly strove,
  And conquered,--and their spirits turned to clay:
  Lo! how they wander round the world, their grave,
  Whose ever-gaping maw by such is fed,
  Gibbering at living men, and idly rave,
  "We, only, truly live, but ye are dead."
  Alas! poor fools, the anointed eye may trace
  A dead soul's epitaph in every face!


                     XXV.

  I grieve not that ripe Knowledge takes away
  The charm that Nature to my childhood wore,
  For, with that insight, cometh, day by day,
  A greater bliss than wonder was before;
  The real doth not clip the poet's wings,--
  To win the secret of a weed's plain heart
  Reveals some clue to spiritual things,
  And stumbling guess becomes firm-footed art:
  Flowers are not flowers unto the poet's eyes,
  Their beauty thrills him by an inward sense;
  He knows that outward seemings are but lies,
  Or, at the most, but earthly shadows, whence
  The soul that looks within for truth may guess
  The presence of some wondrous heavenliness.


                    XXVI.

              TO J. R. GIDDINGS.

  Giddings, far rougher names than thine have grown
  Smoother than honey on the lips of men;
  And thou shalt aye be honorably known,
  As one who bravely used his tongue and pen,
  As best befits a freeman,--even for those,
  To whom our Law's unblushing front denies
  A right to plead against the life-long woes
  Which are the Negro's glimpse of Freedom's skies.
  Fear nothing, and hope all things, as the Right
  Alone may do securely; every hour
  The thrones of Ignorance and ancient Night
  Lose somewhat of their long-usurpèd power,
  And Freedom's lightest word can make them shiver
  With a base dread that clings to them forever.


                    XXVII.

  I thought our love at full, but I did err;
  Joy's wreath drooped o'er mine eyes; I could not see
  That sorrow in our happy world must be
  Love's deepest spokesman and interpreter;
  But, as a mother feels her child first stir
  Under her heart, so felt I instantly
  Deep in my soul another bond to thee
  Thrill with that life we saw depart from her;
  O mother of our angel-child! twice dear!
  Death knits as well as parts, and still, I wis,
  Her tender radiance shall enfold us here,
  Even as the light, borne up by inward bliss,
  Threads the void glooms of space without a fear,
  To print on farthest stars her pitying kiss.




                  L'ENVOI.


  Whether my heart hath wiser grown or not,
  In these three years, since I to thee inscribed,
  Mine own betrothed, the firstlings of my muse,--
  Poor windfalls of unripe experience,
  Young buds plucked hastily by childish hands
  Not patient to await more full-blown flowers,--
  At least it hath seen more of life and men,
  And pondered more, and grown a shade more sad,
  Yet with no loss of hope or settled trust
  In the benignness of that Providence,
  Which shapes from out our elements awry
  The grace and order that we wonder at,
  The mystic harmony of right and wrong,
  Both working out His wisdom and our good:
  A trust, Beloved, chiefly learned of thee,
  Who hast that gift of patient tenderness,
  The instinctive wisdom of a woman's heart.

  They tell us that our land was made for song,
  With its huge rivers and sky-piercing peaks,
  Its sea-like lakes and mighty cataracts,
  Its forests vast and hoar, and prairies wide,
  And mounds that tell of wondrous tribes extinct.
  But Poesy springs not from rocks and woods;
  Her womb and cradle are the human heart,
  And she can find a nobler theme for song
  In the most loathsome man that blasts the sight,
  Than in the broad expanse of sea and shore
  Between the frozen deserts of the poles.
  All nations have their message from on high,
  Each the messiah of some central thought,
  For the fulfilment and delight of Man:
  One has to teach that labor is divine;
  Another Freedom; and another Mind;
  And all, that God is open-eyed and just,
  The happy centre and calm heart of all.

    Are, then, our woods, our mountains, and our streams,
  Needful to teach our poets how to sing?
  O, maiden rare, far other thoughts were ours,
  When we have sat by ocean's foaming marge,
  And watched the waves leap roaring on the rocks,
  Than young Leander and his Hero had,
  Gazing from Sestos to the other shore.
  The moon looks down and ocean worships her,
  Stars rise and set, and seasons come and go
  Even as they did in Homer's elder time,
  But we behold them not with Grecian eyes:
  Then they were types of beauty and of strength,
  But now of freedom, unconfined and pure,
  Subject alone to Order's higher law.
  What cares the Russian serf or Southern slave
  Though we should speak as man spake never yet
  Of gleaming Hudson's broad magnificence,
  Or green Niagara's never-ending roar?
  Our country hath a gospel of her own
  To preach and practise before all the world,--
  The freedom and divinity of man,
  The glorious claims of human brotherhood,--
  Which to pay nobly, as a freeman should,
  Gains the sole wealth that will not fly away,--
  And the soul's fealty to none but God.
  These are realities, which make the shows
  Of outward Nature, be they ne'er so grand,
  Seem small, and worthless, and contemptible.
  These are the mountain-summits for our bards,
  Which stretch far upward into heaven itself,
  And give such wide-spread and exulting view
  Of hope, and faith, and onward destiny,
  That shrunk Parnassus to a molehill dwindles.
  Our new Atlantis, like a morning-star,
  Silvers the murk face of slow-yielding Night,
  The herald of a fuller truth than yet
  Hath gleamed upon the upraisèd face of Man
  Since the earth glittered in her stainless prime,--
  Of a more glorious sunrise than of old
  Drew wondrous melodies from Memnon huge,
  Yea, draws them still, though now he sits waist-deep
  In the engulfing flood of whirling sand,
  And looks across the wastes of endless gray,
  Sole wreck, where once his hundred-gated Thebes
  Pained with her mighty hum the calm, blue heaven.
  Shall the dull stone pay grateful orisons,
  And we till noonday bar the splendor out,
  Lest it reproach and chide our sluggard hearts,
  Warm-nestled in the down of Prejudice,
  And be content, though clad with angel-wings,
  Close-clipped, to hop about from perch to perch,
  In paltry cages of dead men's dead thoughts?
  O, rather like the sky-lark, soar and sing,
  And let our gushing songs befit the dawn
  And sunrise, and the yet unshaken dew
  Brimming the chalice of each full-blown hope,
  Whose blithe front turns to greet the growing day.
  Never had poets such high call before,
  Never can poets hope for higher one,
  And, if they be but faithful to their trust,
  Earth will remember them with love and joy,
  And O, far better, God will not forget.
  For he who settles Freedom's principles
  Writes the death-warrant of all tyranny;
  Who speaks the truth stabs Falsehood to the heart,
  And his mere word makes despots tremble more
  Than ever Brutus with his dagger could.
  Wait for no hints from waterfalls or woods,
  Nor dream that tales of red men, brute and fierce,
  Repay the finding of this Western World,
  Or needed half the globe to give them birth:
  Spirit supreme of Freedom! not for this
  Did great Columbus tame his eagle soul
  To jostle with the daws that perch in courts;
  Not for this, friendless, on an unknown sea,
  Coping with mad waves and more mutinous spirits,
  Battled he with the dreadful ache at heart
  Which tempts, with devilish subtleties of doubt,
  The hermit of that loneliest solitude,
  The silent desert of a great New Thought;
  Though loud Niagara were to-day struck dumb,
  Yet would this cataract of boiling life,
  Rush plunging on and on to endless deeps
  And utter thunder till the world shall cease,--
  A thunder worthy of the poet's song,
  And which alone can fill it with true life.
  The high evangel to our country granted
  Could make apostles, yea, with tongues of fire,
  Of hearts half-darkened back again to clay!
  'Tis the soul only that is national,
  And he who pays true loyalty to that
  Alone can claim the wreath of patriotism.

    Beloved! if I wander far and oft
  From that which I believe, and feel, and know,
  Thou wilt forgive, not with a sorrowing heart,
  But with a strengthened hope of better things;
  Knowing that I, though often blind and false
  To those I love, and O, more false than all
  Unto myself, have been most true to thee,
  And that whoso in one thing hath been true
  Can be as true in all. Therefore thy hope
  May yet not prove unfruitful, and thy love
  Meet, day by day, with less unworthy thanks
  Whether, as now, we journey hand in hand
  Or, parted in the body, yet are one
  In spirit and the love of holy things.




      THE VISION OF SIR LAUNFAL.


        PRELUDE TO PART FIRST.

  Over his keys the musing organist,
    Beginning doubtfully and far away,
  First lets his fingers wander as they list,
    And builds a bridge from Dreamland for his lay:
  Then, as the touch of his loved instrument
    Gives hope and fervor, nearer draws his theme,
  First guessed by faint auroral flushes sent
    Along the wavering vista of his dream.

       *     *     *     *     *

       Not only around our infancy
       Doth heaven with all its splendors lie,
       Daily, with souls that cringe and plot,
       We Sinais climb and know it not.

  Over our manhood bend the skies;
    Against our fallen and traitor lives
  The great winds utter prophecies;
    With our faint hearts the mountain strives,
  Its arms outstretched, the druid wood
    Waits with its benedicite;
  And to our age's drowsy blood
    Still shouts the inspiring sea.

  Earth gets its price for what Earth gives us;
    The beggar is taxed for a corner to die in,
  The priest hath his fee who comes and shrives us,
    We bargain for the graves we lie in;
  At the devil's booth are all things sold,
  Each ounce of dross costs its ounce of gold;
    For a cap and bells our lives we pay,
  Bubbles we buy with a whole soul's tasking:
   'Tis heaven alone that is given away,
  'Tis only God may be had for the asking,
  No price is set on the lavish summer;
  June may be had by the poorest comer.

  And what is so rare as a day in June?
    Then, if ever, come perfect days;
  Then Heaven tries the earth if it be in tune,
    And over it softly her warm ear lays:
  Whether we look, or whether we listen,
  We hear life murmur, or see it glisten;
  Every clod feels a stir of might,
    An instinct within it that reaches and towers,
  And, groping blindly above it for light,
    Climbs to a soul in grass and flowers;
  The flush of life may well be seen
    Thrilling back over hills and valleys;
  The cowslip startles in meadows green,
    The buttercup catches the sun in its chalice,
  And there's never a leaf nor a blade too mean
    To be some happy creature's palace;
  The little bird sits at his door in the sun,
    Atilt like a blossom among the leaves,
  And lets his illumined being o'errun
    With the deluge of summer it receives;
  His mate feels the eggs beneath her wings,
  And the heart in her dumb breast flutters and sings;
  He sings to the wide world, and she to her nest,--
  In the nice ear of Nature which song is the best?

  Now is the high-tide of the year,
    And whatever of life hath ebbed away
  Comes flooding back with a ripply cheer,
    Into every bare inlet and creek and bay;
  Now the heart is so full that a drop overfills it,
  We are happy now because God wills it;
  No matter how barren the past may have been,
  'Tis enough for us now that the leaves are green;
  We sit in the warm shade and feel right well
  How the sap creeps up and the blossoms swell;
  We may shut our eyes but we cannot help knowing
  That skies are clear and grass is growing;
  The breeze comes whispering in our ear,
  That dandelions are blossoming near,
    That maize has sprouted, that streams are flowing,
  That the river is bluer than the sky,
  That the robin is plastering his house hard by;
  And if the breeze kept the good news back,
  For other couriers we should not lack;
    We could guess it all by yon heifer's lowing,--
  And hark! how clear bold chanticleer,
  Warmed with the new wine of the year,
    Tells all in his lusty crowing!

  Joy comes, grief goes, we know not how;
  Everything is happy now,
    Everything is upward striving;
  'Tis as easy now for the heart to be true
  As for grass to be green or skies to be blue,--
   'Tis the natural way of living:
  Who knows whither the clouds have fled?
    In the unscarred heaven they leave no wake;
  And the eyes forget the tears they have shed,
    The heart forgets its sorrow and ache;
  The soul partakes the season's youth,
    And the sulphurous rifts of passion and woe
  Lie deep 'neath a silence pure and smooth,
    Like burnt-out craters healed with snow.
  What wonder if Sir Launfal now
  Remembered the keeping of his vow?


            |Part First.|

                  I.

  "My golden spurs now bring to me,
    And bring to me my richest mail,
  For to-morrow I go over land and sea
    In search of the Holy Grail;
  Shall never a bed for me be spread,
  Nor shall a pillow be under my head,
  Till I begin my vow to keep;
  Here on the rushes will I sleep,
  And perchance there may come a vision true
  Ere day create the world anew."
    Slowly Sir Launfal's eyes grew dim,
    Slumber fell like a cloud on him,
  And into his soul the vision flew.


                 II.

  The crows flapped over by twos and threes,
  In the pool drowsed the cattle up to their knees,
    The little birds sang as if it were
    The one day of summer in all the year,
  And the very leaves seemed to sing on the trees,
  The castle alone in the landscape lay
  Like an outpost of winter, dull and gray;
  'Twas the proudest hall in the North Countree,
  And never its gates might opened be,
  Save to lord or lady of high degree;
  Summer besieged it on every side,
  But the churlish stone her assaults defied;
  She could not scale the chilly wall,
  Though round it for leagues her pavilions tall
  Stretched left and right,
  Over the hills and out of sight;
    Green and broad was every tent,
    And out of each a murmur went
  Till the breeze fell off at night.


                 III.

  The drawbridge dropped with a surly clang,
  And through the dark arch a charger sprang,
  Bearing Sir Launfal, the maiden knight,
  In his gilded mail, that flamed so bright
  It seemed the dark castle had gathered all
  Those shafts the fierce sun had shot over its wall
    In his siege of three hundred summers long,
  And, binding them all in one blazing sheaf,
    Had cast them forth: so, young and strong,
  And lightsome as a locust-leaf,
  Sir Launfal flashed forth in his unscarred mail,
  To seek in all climes for the Holy Grail.


                 IV.

  It was morning on hill and stream and tree,
    And morning in the young knight's heart;
  Only the castle moodily
  Rebuffed the gifts of the sunshine free,
    And gloomed by itself apart;
  The season brimmed all other things up
  Full as the rain fills the pitcher-plant's cup.

                  V.

  As Sir Launfal made morn through the darksome gate,
    He was 'ware of a leper, crouched by the same,
  Who begged with his hand and moaned as he sate;
    And a loathing over Sir Launfal came;
  The sunshine went out of his soul with a thrill,
    The flesh 'neath his armor 'gan shrink and crawl,
  And midway its leap his heart stood still
    Like a frozen waterfall;
  For this man, so foul and bent of stature,
  Rasped harshly against his dainty nature,
  And seemed the one blot on the summer morn,--
  So he tossed him a piece of gold in scorn.


                 VI.

  The leper raised not the gold from the dust:
  "Better to me the poor man's crust,
  Better the blessing of the poor,
  Though I turn me empty from his door;
  That is no true alms which the hand can hold;
  He gives nothing but worthless gold
    Who gives from a sense of duty;
  But he who gives a slender mite,
  And gives to that which is out of sight,
    That thread of the all-sustaining Beauty
  Which runs through all and doth all unite,--
  The hand cannot clasp the whole of his alms,
  The heart outstretches its eager palms,
  For a god goes with it and makes it store
  To the soul that was starving in darkness before."


          PRELUDE TO PART SECOND.

  Down swept the chill wind from the mountain peak,
    From the snow five thousand summers old;
  On open wold and hill-top bleak
    It had gathered all the cold,
  And whirled it like sleet on the wanderer's cheek
  It carried a shiver everywhere
  From the unleafed boughs and pastures bare;
  The little brook heard it and built a roof
  'Neath which he could house him, winter-proof;
  All night by the white stars' frosty gleams
  He groined his arches and matched his beams;
  Slender and clear were his crystal spars
  As the lashes of light that trim the stars:
  He sculptured every summer delight
  In his halls and chambers out of sight;
  Sometimes his tinkling waters slipt
  Down through a frost-leaved forest-crypt,
  Long, sparkling aisles of steel-stemmed trees
  Bending to counterfeit a breeze;
  Sometimes the roof no fretwork knew
  But silvery mosses that downward grew;
  Sometimes it was carved in sharp relief
  With quaint arabesques of ice-fern leaf;
  Sometimes it was simply smooth and clear
  For the gladness of heaven to shine through, and here
  He had caught the nodding bulrush-tops
  And hung them thickly with diamond drops,
  That crystalled the beams of moon and sun,
  And made a star of every one:
  No mortal builder's most rare device
  Could match this winter-palace of ice;
  'Twas as if every image that mirrored lay
  In his depths serene through the summer day,
  Each fleeting shadow of earth and sky,
    Lest the happy model should be lost,
  Had been mimicked in fairy masonry
    By the elfin builders of the frost.

  Within the hall are song and laughter,
    The cheeks of Christmas glow red and jolly,
  And sprouting is every corbel and rafter
    With lightsome green of ivy and holly;
  Through the deep gulf of the chimney wide
  Wallows the Yule-log's roaring tide;
  The broad flame-pennons droop and flap
    And belly and tug as a flag in the wind;
  Like a locust shrills the imprisoned sap,
    Hunted to death in its galleries blind;
  And swift little troops of silent sparks,
    Now pausing, now scattering away as in fear,
  Go threading the soot-forest's tangled darks
    Like herds of startled deer.

  But the wind without was eager and sharp,
  Of Sir Launfal's gray hair it makes a harp,
     And rattles and wrings
     The icy strings,
    Singing, in dreary monotone,
    A Christmas carol of its own,
    Whose burden still, as he might guess,
    Was--"Shelterless, shelterless, shelterless!"

  The voice of the seneschal flared like a torch
  As he shouted the wanderer away from the porch,
  And he sat in the gateway and saw all night
    The great hall-fire, so cheery and bold,
    Through the window-slits of the castle old,
  Build out its piers of ruddy light
  Against the drift of the cold.


            |Part Second.|

                  I.

  There was never a leaf on bush or tree,
  The bare boughs rattled shudderingly;
  The river was numb and could not speak,
    For the weaver Winter its shroud had spun;
  A single crow on the tree-top bleak
    From his shining feathers shed off the cold sun.
  Again it was morning, but shrunk and cold,
  As if her veins were sapless and old,
  And she rose up decrepitly
  For a last dim look at earth and sea.


                 II.

  Sir Launfal turned from his own hard gate,
  For another heir in his earldom sate;
  An old, bent man, worn out and frail,
  He came back from seeking the Holy Grail;
  Little he recked of his earldom's loss,
  No more on his surcoat was blazoned the cross,
  But deep in his soul the sign he wore,
  The badge of the suffering and the poor.


                 III.

  Sir Launfal's raiment thin and spare
  Was idle mail 'gainst the barbèd air,
  For it was just at the Christmas time;
  So he mused, as he sat, of a sunnier clime,
  And sought for a shelter from cold and snow
  In the light and warmth of long-ago;
  He sees the snake-like caravan crawl
  O'er the edge of the desert, black and small,
  Then nearer and nearer, till, one by one,
  He can count the camels in the sun,
  As over the red-hot sands they pass
  To where, in its slender necklace of grass,
  The little spring laughed and leapt in the shade,
  And with its own self like an infant played,
  And waved its signal of palms.


                 IV.

  "For Christ's sweet sake, I beg an alms;"--
  The happy camels may reach the spring,
  But Sir Launfal sees only the grewsome thing,
  The leper, lank as the rain-blanched bone,
  That cowers beside him, a thing as lone
  And white as the ice-isles of Northern seas
  In the desolate horror of his disease.


                  V.

  And Sir Launfal said,--"I behold in thee
  An image of Him who died on the tree;
  Thou also hast had thy crown of thorns,--
  Thou also hast had the world's buffets and scorns,--
  And to thy life were not denied
  The wounds in the hands and feet and side:
  Mild Mary's Son, acknowledge me;
  Behold, through him, I give to thee!"


                 VI.

  Then the soul of the leper stood up in his eyes
    And looked at Sir Launfal, and straightway he
  Remembered in what a haughtier guise
    He had flung an alms to leprosie,
  When he girt his young life up in gilded mail
  And set forth in search of the Holy Grail.
  The heart within him was ashes and dust;
  He parted in twain his single crust,
  He broke the ice on the streamlet's brink,
  And gave the leper to eat and drink,
  'Twas a mouldy crust of coarse brown bread,
    'Twas water out of a wooden bowl,--
  Yet with fine wheaten bread was the leper fed,
    And 'twas red wine he drank with his thirsty soul.


                 VII.

  As Sir Launfal mused with a downcast face,
  A light shone round about the place;
  The leper no longer crouched at his side,
  But stood before him glorified,
  Shining and tall and fair and straight
  As the pillar that stood by the Beautiful Gate,--
  Himself the Gate whereby men can
  Enter the temple of God in Man.


                VIII.

  His words were shed softer than leaves from the pine,
  And they fell on Sir Launfal as snows on the brine,
  Which mingle their softness and quiet in one
  With the shaggy unrest they float down upon;
  And the voice that was calmer than silence said,
  "Lo, it is I, be not afraid!
  In many climes, without avail,
  Thou hast spent thy life for the Holy Grail;
  Behold it is here,--this cup which thou
  Didst fill at the streamlet for me but now;
  This crust is my body broken for thee,
  This water His blood that died on the tree;
  The Holy Supper is kept, indeed,
  In whatso we share with another's need;
  Not what we give, but what we share,--
  For the gift without the giver is bare;
  Who gives himself with his alms feeds three,--
  Himself, his hungering neighbor, and me."


                 IX.

  Sir Launfal awoke as from a swound:--
  "The Grail in my castle here is found!
  Hang my idle armor up on the wall,
  Let it be the spider's banquet hall;
  He must be fenced with stronger mail
  Who would seek and find the Holy Grail."


                  X.

  The castle gate stands open now,
    And the wanderer is welcome to the hall
  As the hangbird is to the elm-tree bough;
    No longer scowl the turrets tall,
  The Summer's long siege at last is o'er;
  When the first poor outcast went in at the door,
  She entered with him in disguise,
  And mastered the fortress by surprise;
  There is no spot she loves so well on ground,
  She lingers and smiles there the whole year round;
  The meanest serf on Sir Launfal's land
  Has hall and bower at his command;
  And there's no poor man in the North Countree
  But is lord of the earldom as much as he.


     |Note|.--According to the mythology of the Romancers, the
     San Greal, or Holy Grail, was the cup out of which Jesus
     partook of the last supper with his disciples. It was
     brought into England by Joseph of Arimathea, and remained
     there, an object of pilgrimage and adoration, for many years
     in the keeping of his lineal descendants. It was incumbent
     upon those who had charge of it to be chaste in thought,
     word, and deed; but one of the keepers having broken this
     condition, the Holy Grail disappeared. From that time it was
     a favorite enterprise of the knights of Arthur's court to go
     in search of it. Sir Galahad was at last successful in
     finding it, as we may read in the seventeenth book of the
     Romance of King Arthur. Tennyson has made Sir Galahad the
     subject of one of the most exquisite of his poems.

     The plot (if I may give that name to anything so slight) of
     the foregoing poem is my own, and, to serve its purposes, I
     have enlarged the circle of competition in search of the
     miraculous cup in such a manner as to include, not only
     other persons than the heroes of the Round Table, but also a
     period of time subsequent to the date of King Arthur's
     reign.




      |Reader!| _walk up at once (it will soon be too late)
              and buy at a perfectly ruinous rate_

                                  A

                         FABLE FOR CRITICS:

                             OR, BETTER,

  (_I like, as a thing that the reader's first fancy may strike,
                    an old-fashioned title-page,
    such as presents a tabular view of the volume's contents_)

                              A GLANCE

                 AT A FEW OF OUR LITERARY PROGENIES

                      (_Mrs. Malaprop's word_)

                                FROM

                      _THE TUB OF DIOGENES;_

                    A VOCAL AND MUSICAL MEDLEY,

                              THAT IS,

                         A SERIES OF JOKES

                      |By A Wonderful Quiz|,

        _who accompanies himself with a rub-a-dub-dub, full of
                spirit and grace, on the top of the tub_.

                  |Set forth in October, the 31st day,
                In the year '48, G. P. Putnam, Broadway.|




It being the commonest mode of procedure, I premise a few candid remarks

|To the Reader|;

This trifle, begun to please only myself and my own private fancy, was
laid on the shelf. But some friends, who had seen it, induced me, by
dint of saying they liked it, to put it in print. That is, having come
to that very conclusion, I consulted them when it could make no
confusion. For, (though in the gentlest of ways,) they had hinted it was
scarce worth the while, I should doubtless have printed it.

I began it, intending a Fable, a frail, slender thing, rhyme-ywinged,
with a sting in its tail. But, by addings and alterings not previously
planned,--digressions chance-hatched, like birds' eggs in the sand,--and
dawdlings to suit every whimsy's demand, (always freeing the bird which
I held in my hand, for the two perched, perhaps out of reach, in the
tree,)--it grew by degrees to the size which you see. I was like the old
woman that carried the calf, and my neighbors, like hers, no doubt,
wonder and laugh, and when, my strained arms with their grown burthen
full, I call it my Fable, they call it a bull.

Having scrawled at full gallop (as far as that goes) in a style that is
neither good verse nor bad prose, and being a person whom nobody knows,
some people will say I am rather more free with my readers than it is
becoming to be, that I seem to expect them to wait on my leisure in
following wherever I wander at pleasure, that, in short, I take more
than a young author's lawful ease, and laugh in a queer way so like
Mephistopheles, that the public will doubt, as they grope through my
rhythm, if in truth I am making fun _at_ them or _with_ them.

So the excellent Public is hereby assured that the sale of my book is
already secured. For there is not a poet throughout the whole land, but
will purchase a copy or two out of hand, in the fond expectation of
being amused in it, by seeing his betters cut-up and abused in it. Now,
I find, by a pretty exact calculation, there are something like ten
thousand bards in the nation, of that special variety whom the Review
and Magazine critics call _lofty_ and _true_, and about thirty thousand
(_this_ tribe is increasing) of the kinds who are termed _full of
promise_ and _pleasing_. The Public will see by a glance at this
schedule, that they cannot expect me to be over-sedulous about courting
_them_, since it seems I have got enough fuel made sure of for boiling
my pot.

As for such of our poets as find not their names mentioned once in my
pages, with praises or blames, let them |SEND IN THEIR CARDS|, without
further |DELAY|, to my friend |G. P. Putnam|, Esquire, in Broadway,
where a |LIST| will be kept with the strictest regard to the day and the
hour of receiving the card. Then, taking them up as I chance to have
time, (that is, if their names can be twisted in rhyme,) I will honestly
give each his |PROPER POSITION|, at the rate of |ONE AUTHOR| to each
|NEW EDITION|. Thus a PREMIUM is offered sufficiently |HIGH| (as the
magazines say when they tell their best lie) to induce bards to |CLUB|
their resources and buy the balance of every edition, until they have
all of them fairly been run through the mill.

One word to such readers (judicious and wise) as read books with
something behind the mere eyes, of whom in the country, perhaps, there
are two, including myself, gentle reader, and you. All the characters
sketched in this slight _jeu d'esprit_, though, it may be, they seem,
here and there, rather free, and drawn from a Mephistophelian
stand-point, are _meant_ to be faithful, and that is the grand point,
and none but an owl would feel sore at a rub from a jester who tells
you, without any subterfuge, that he sits in Diogenes' tub.




              A PRELIMINARY NOTE TO THE SECOND
                          EDITION,


though it well may be reckoned, of all composition, the species at once
most delightful and healthy, is a thing which an author, unless he be
wealthy and willing to pay for that kind of delight, is not, in all
instances, called on to write. Though there are, it is said, who, their
spirits to cheer, slip in a new title-page three times a year, and in
this way snuff up an imaginary savor of that sweetest of dishes, the
popular favor,--much as if a starved painter should fall to and treat
the Ugolino inside to a picture of meat.

You remember (if not, pray turn over and look) that, in writing the
preface which ushered my book, I treated you, excellent Public, not
merely with a cool disregard, but downright cavalierly. Now I would not
take back the least thing I then said, though I thereby could butter
both sides of my bread, for I never could see that an author owed aught
to the people he solaced, diverted, or taught; and, as for mere fame, I
have long ago learned that the persons by whom it is finally earned, are
those with whom _your_ verdict weighed not a pin, unsustained by the
higher court sitting within.

But I wander from what I intended to say--that you have, namely, shown
such a liberal way of thinking, and so much æsthetic perception of
anonymous worth in the handsome reception you gave to my book, spite of
some private piques, (having bought the first thousand in barely two
weeks,) that I think, past a doubt, if you measured the phiz of your's
most devotedly, Wonderful Quiz, you would find that its vertical section
was shorter, by an inch and two tenths, or 'twixt that and a quarter.

You have watched a child playing--in those wondrous years when belief is
not bound to the eyes and the ears, and the vision divine is so clear
and unmarred, that each baker of pies in the dirt is a bard? Give a
knife and a shingle, he fits out a fleet, and, on that little mud puddle
over the street, his invention, in purest good faith, will make sail
round the globe with a puff of his breath for a gale, will visit, in
barely ten minutes, all climes, and find Northwestern passages hundreds
of times. Or, suppose the young Poet fresh stored with delights from
that Bible of childhood the Arabian Nights, he will turn to a crony and
cry, "Jack, let's play that I am a Genius!" Jacky straightway makes
Aladdin's lamp out of a stone, and, for hours, they enjoy each his own
supernatural powers. This is all very pretty and pleasant, but then
suppose our two urchins have grown into men, and both have turned
authors,--one says to his brother, "Let's play we're the American
somethings or other, (only let them be big enough, no matter what.)
Come, you shall be Goethe or Pope, which you choose; I'll be Coleridge,
and both shall write mutual reviews." So they both (as mere strangers)
before many days, send each other a cord of anonymous bays. Each, in
piling his epithets, smiles in his sleeve to see what his friend can be
made to believe; each, in reading the other's unbiased review,
thinks--Here's pretty high praise, but no more than is true. Well, we
laugh at them both, and yet make no great fuss when the same farce is
acted to benefit us. Even I, who, if asked, scarce a month since, what
Fudge meant, should have answered, the dear Public's critical judgment,
begin to think sharpwitted Horace spoke sooth when he said, that the
Public _sometimes_ hit the truth.

In reading these lines, you perhaps have a vision of a person in pretty
good health and condition, and yet, since I put forth my primary
edition, I have been crushed, scorched, withered, used up and put down,
(by Smith with the cordial assistance of Brown,) in all, if you put any
faith in my rhymes, to the number of ninety-five several times, and,
while I am writing--I tremble to think of it, for I may at this moment
be just on the brink of it--Molybdostom, angry at being omitted, has
begun a critique,--am I not to be pitied?[B]

  [Footnote B: The wise Scandinavians probably called their
     bards by the queer-looking title of Scald, in a delicate
     way, as it were, just to hint to the world the hot water
     they always get into.]

Now I shall not crush _them_ since, indeed, for that matter, no pressure
I know of could render them flatter; nor wither, nor scorch them,--no
action of fire could make either them or their articles drier; nor waste
time in putting them down--I am thinking not their own self-inflation
will keep them from sinking; for there's this contradiction about the
whole bevy--though without the least weight, they are awfully heavy. No,
my dear honest bore, _surdo fabulam narras_, they are no more to me than
a rat in the arras. I can walk with the Doctor, get facts from the Don,
or draw out the Lambish quintessence of John, and feel nothing more than
a half-comic sorrow, to think that they all will be lying to-morrow
tossed carelessly up on the waste-paper shelves, and forgotten by all
but their half-dozen selves. Once snug in my attic, my fire in a roar, I
leave the whole pack of them outside the door. With Hakluyt or Purchas I
wander away to the black northern seas or barbaric Cathay; get _fou_
with O'Shanter, and sober me then with that builder of brick-kilnish
dramas, rare Ben; snuff Herbert, as holy as a flower on a grave; with
Fletcher wax tender, o'er Chapman grow brave; with Marlowe or Kyd take a
fine poet-rave; in Very, most Hebrew of Saxons, find peace; with Lycidas
welter on vext Irish seas; with Webster grow wild, and climb earthward
again, down by mystical Browne's Jacob's-ladder-like brain, to that
spiritual Pepys (Cotton's version) Montaigne; find a new depth in
Wordsworth, undreamed of before,--that divinely-inspired, wise, deep,
tender, grand,--bore. Or, out of my study, the scholar thrown off,
nature holds up her shield 'gainst the sneer and the scoff; the
landscape, forever consoling and kind, pours her wine and her oil on the
smarts of the mind. The waterfall, scattering its vanishing gems; the
tall grove of hemlocks, with moss on their stems, like plashes of
sunlight; the pond in the woods, where no foot but mine and the
bittern's intrudes; these are all my kind neighbors, and leave me no
wish to say aught to you all, my poor critics, but--pish! I have buried
the hatchet; I am twisting an allumette out of one of you now, and
relighting my calumet. In your private capacities, come when you please,
I will give you my hand and a fresh pipe a-piece.

As I ran through the leaves of my poor little book, to take a fond
author's first tremulous look, it was quite an excitement to hunt the
_errata_, sprawled in as birds' tracks are in some kinds of strata,
(only these made things crookeder.) Fancy an heir, that a father had
seen born well-featured and fair, turning suddenly wry-nosed,
club-footed, squint-eyed, hare-lipped, wapper-jawed, carrot-haired, from
a pride become an aversion,--my case was yet worse. A club-foot (by way
of a change) in a verse, I might have forgiven, an _o_'s being wry, a
limp in an _e_, or a cock in an _i_,--but to have the sweet babe of my
brain served in _pi_! I am not queasy-stomached, but such a Thyestean
banquet as that was quite out of the question.

In the edition now issued, no pains are neglected, and my verses, as
orators say, stand corrected. Yet some blunders remain of the public's
own make, which I wish to correct for my personal sake. For instance, a
character drawn in pure fun and condensing the traits of a dozen in one,
has been, as I hear by some persons applied to a good friend of mine,
whom to stab in the side, as we walked along chatting and joking
together, would not be _my_ way. I can hardly tell whether a question
will ever arise in which he and I should by any strange fortune agree,
but meanwhile my esteem for him grows as I know him, and, though not the
best judge upon earth of a poem, he knows what it is he is saying and
why, and is honest and fearless, two good points which I have not found
so rife I can easily smother my love for them, whether on my side or
t'other.

For my other _anonymi_, you may be sure that I know what is meant by a
caricature, and what by a portrait. There are those who think it is
capital fun to be spattering their ink on quiet unquarrelsome folk, but
the minute the game changes sides and the others begin it, they see
something savage and horrible in it. As for me I respect neither women
nor men for their gender, nor own any sex in a pen. I choose just to
hint to some causeless unfriends that, as far as I know, there are
always two ends (and one of them heaviest, too) to a staff, and two
parties also to every good laugh.




                A FABLE FOR CRITICS.

    Phœbus, sitting one day in a laurel-tree's shade,
  Was reminded of Daphne, of whom it was made,
  For the god being one day too warm in his wooing,
  She took to the tree to escape his pursuing;
  Be the cause what it might, from his offers she shrunk,
  And, Ginevra-like, shut herself up in a trunk;
  And, though 'twas a step into which he had driven her,
  He somehow or other had never forgiven her;
  Her memory he nursed as a kind of a tonic,
  Something bitter to chew when he'd play the Byronic,
  And I can't count the obstinate nymphs that he brought over,
  By a strange kind of smile he put on when he thought of her.
  "My case is like Dido's," he sometimes remark'd,
  "When I last saw my love, she was fairly embark'd,
  In a laurel, as _she_ thought--but (ah how Fate mocks!)
  She has found it by this time a very bad box;
  Let hunters from me take this saw when they need it,
  --You're not always sure of your game when you've treed it.
  Just conceive such a change taking place in one's mistress!
  What romance would be left?--who can flatter or kiss trees?
  And for mercy's sake, how could one keep up a dialogue
  With a dull wooden thing that will live and will die a log,--
  Not to say that the thought would forever intrude
  That you've less chance to win her the more she is wood?
  Ah! it went to my heart, and the memory still grieves,
  To see those loved graces all taking their leaves;
  Those charms beyond speech, so enchanting but now,
  As they left me forever, each making its bough!
  If her tongue _had_ a tang sometimes more than was right,
  Her new bark is worse than ten times her old bite."

    Now, Daphne,--before she was happily treeified,--
  Over all other blossoms the lily had deified,
  And when she expected the god on a visit,
  ('Twas before he had made his intentions explicit,)
  Some buds she arranged with a vast deal of care,
  To look as if artlessly twined in her hair,
  Where they seemed, as he said, when he paid his addresses,
  Like the day breaking through the long night of her tresses;
  So whenever he wished to be quite irresistible,
  Like a man with eight trumps in his hand at a whist-table,
  (I feared me at first that the rhyme was untwistable,
  Though I might have lugged in an allusion to Cristabel,)--
  He would take up a lily, and gloomily look in it,
  As I shall at the ----, when they cut up my book in it.

    Well, here, after all the bad rhyme I've been spinning,
  I've got back at last to my story's beginning:
  Sitting there, as I say, in the shade of his mistress,
  As dull as a volume of old Chester mysteries,
  Or as those puzzling specimens, which, in old histories,
  We read of his verses--the Oracles, namely,--
  (I wonder the Greeks should have swallowed them tamely,
  For one might bet safely whatever he has to risk,
  They were laid at his door by some ancient Miss Asterisk,
  And so dull that the men who retailed them out-doors
  Got the ill name of augurs, because they were bores,)--
  First, he mused what the animal substance or herb is
  Would induce a moustache, for you know he's _imberbis_;
  Then he shuddered to think how his youthful position
  Was assailed by the age of his son the physician;
  At some poems he glanced, had been sent to him lately,
  And the metre and sentiment puzzled him greatly.
  "Mehercle! I'd make such proceedings felonious,--
  Have they all of them slept in the cave of Trophonius?
  Look well to your seat, 'tis like taking an airing
  On a corduroy road, and that out of repairing;
  It leads one, 'tis true, through the primitive forest,
  Grand natural features--but, then, one has no rest;
  You just catch a glimpse of some ravishing distance,
  When a jolt puts the whole of it out of existence,--
  Why not use their ears, if they happen to have any?"
  --Here the laurel-leaves murmured the name of poor Daphne.

  "O, weep with me, Daphne," he sighed, "for you know it's
  A terrible thing to be pestered with poets!
  But, alas, she is dumb, and the proverb holds good,
  She never will cry till she's out of the wood!
  What wouldn't I give if I never had known of her?
  'Twere a kind of relief had I something to groan over;
  If I had but some letters of hers, now, to toss over,
  I might turn for the nonce a Byronic philosopher,
  And bewitch all the flats by bemoaning the loss of her.
  One needs something tangible, though to begin on--
  A loom, as it were, for the fancy to spin on;
  What boots all your grist? it can never be ground
  Till a breeze makes the arms of the windmill go round,
  (Or, if 'tis a water-mill, alter the metaphor,
  And say it won't stir, save the wheel be well wet afore,
  Or lug in some stuff about water 'so dreamily,'--
  It is not a metaphor, though, 'tis a simile;)
  A lily, perhaps, would set _my_ mill agoing,
  For just at this season, I think, they are blowing,
  Here, somebody, fetch one, not very far hence
  They're in bloom by the score, 'tis but climbing a fence;
  There's a poet hard by, who does nothing but fill his
  Whole garden, from one end to t'other, with lilies;
  A very good plan, were it not for satiety,
  One longs for a weed here and there, for variety;
  Though a weed is no more than a flower in disguise,
  Which is seen through at once, if love give a man eyes."

    Now there happened to be among Phœbus's followers,
  A gentleman, one of the omnivorous swallowers,
  Who bolt every book that comes out of the press,
  Without the least question of larger or less,
  Whose stomachs are strong at the expense of their head,--
  For reading new books is like eating new bread,
  One can bear it at first, but by gradual steps he
  Is brought to death's door of a mental dyspepsy.
  On a previous stage of existence, our Hero
  Had ridden outside, with the glass below zero;
  He had been, 'tis a fact you may safely rely on,
  Of a very old stock a most eminent scion,--
  A stock all fresh quacks their fierce boluses ply on,
  Who stretch the new boots Earth's unwilling to try on,
  Whom humbugs of all shapes and sorts keep their eye on,
  Whose hair's in the mortar of every new Zion,
  Who, when whistles are dear, go directly and buy one,
  Who think slavery a crime that we must not say fie on,
  Who hunt, if they e'er hunt at all, with the lion,
  (Though they hunt lions also, whenever they spy one,)
  Who contrive to make every good fortune a wry one,
  And at last choose the hard bed of honor to die on,
  Whose pedigree traced to earth's earliest years,
  Is longer than anything else but their ears;--
  In short, he was sent into life with the wrong key,
  He unlocked the door, and stept forth a poor donkey.
  Though kicked and abused by his bipedal betters,
  Yet he filled no mean place in the kingdom of letters;
  Far happier than many a literary hack,
  He bore only paper-mill rags on his back;
  (For it makes a vast difference which side the mill
  One expends on the paper his labor and skill;)
  So, when his soul waited a new transmigration,
  And Destiny balanced 'twixt this and that station,
  Not having much time to expend upon bothers,
  Remembering he'd had some connection with authors,
  And considering his four legs had grown paralytic,--
  She set him on two, and he came forth a critic.

    Through his babyhood no kind of pleasure he took
  In any amusement but tearing a book;
  For him there was no intermediate stage,
  From babyhood up to straight-laced middle age;
  There were years when he didn't wear coat-tails behind,
  But a boy he could never be rightly defined;
  Like the Irish Good Folk, though in length scarce a span,
  From the womb he came gravely, a little old man;
  While other boys' trousers demanded the toil
  Of the motherly fingers on all kinds of soil,
  Red, yellow, brown, black, clayey, gravelly, loamy,
  He sat in the corner and read Viri Romæ.
  He never was known to unbend or to revel once
  In base, marbles, hockey, or kick up the devil once;
  He was just one of those who excite the benevolence
  Of your old prigs who sound the soul's depths with a ledger,
  And are on the lookout for some young men to "edger
       cate," as they call it, who won't be too costly,
  And who'll afterward take to the ministry mostly;
  Who always wear spectacles, always look bilious,
  Always keep on good terms with each _mater-familias_
  Throughout the whole parish, and manage to rear
  Ten boys like themselves, on four hundred a year;
  Who, fulfilling in turn the same fearful conditions,
  Either preach through their noses, or go upon missions.

    In this way our hero got safely to college,
  Where he bolted alike both his commons and knowledge;
  A reading-machine, always wound up and going,
  He mastered whatever was not worth the knowing,
  Appeared in a gown, and a vest of black satin,
  To spout such a Gothic oration in Latin,
  That Tully could never have made out a word in it,
  (Though himself was the model the author preferred in it,)
  And grasping the parchment which gave him in fee,
  All the mystic and-so-forths contained in A. B.,
  He was launched (life is always compared to a sea,)
  With just enough learning, and skill for the using it,
  To prove he'd a brain, by forever confusing it.
  So worthy Saint Benedict, piously burning
  With the holiest zeal against secular learning,
  _Nesciensque scienter_, as writers express it,
  _Indoctusque sapienter â Româ recessit._

   'Twould be endless to tell you the things that he knew,
  All separate facts, undeniably true,
  But with him or each other they'd nothing to do;
  No power of combining, arranging, discerning,
  Digested the masses he learned into learning;
  There was one thing in life he had practical knowledge for,
  (And this, you will think, he need scarce go to college for,)
  Not a deed would he do, nor a word would he utter,
  Till he'd weighed its relations to plain bread and butter.
  When he left Alma Mater, he practised his wits
  In compiling the journals' historical bits,--
  Of shops broken open, men falling in fits,
  Great fortunes in England bequeathed to poor printers,
  And cold spells, the coldest for many past winters,--
  Then, rising by industry, knack, and address,
  Got notices up for an unbiassed press,
  With a mind so wellpoised, it seemed equally made for
  Applause or abuse, just which chanced to be paid for;
  From this point his progress was rapid and sure,
  To the post of a regular heavy reviewer.

    And here I must say he wrote excellent articles
  On the Hebraic points, or the force of Greek particles,
  They filled up the space nothing else was prepared for;
  And nobody read that which nobody cared for;
  If any old book reached a fiftieth edition,
  He could fill forty pages with safe erudition,
  He could gauge the old books by the old set of rules,
  And his very old nothings pleased very old fools;
  But give him a new book, fresh out of the heart,
  And you put him at sea without compass or chart,--
  His blunders aspired to the rank of an art;
  For his lore was engraft, something foreign that grew in him,
  Exhausting the sap of the native and true in him,
  So that when a man came with a soul that was new in him,
  Carving new forms of truth out of Nature's old granite,
  New and old at their birth, like Le Verrier's planet,
  Which, to get a true judgment, themselves must create
  In the soul of their critic the measure and weight,
  Being rather themselves a fresh standard of grace,
  To compute their own judge, and assign him his place,
  Our reviewer would crawl all about it and round it,
  And, reporting each circumstance just as he found it,
  Without the least malice,--his record would be
  Profoundly æsthetic as that of a flea,
  Which, supping on Wordsworth, should print, for our sakes,
  Recollections of nights with the Bard of the Lakes,
  Or, borne by an Arab guide, ventured to render a
  General view of the ruins of Denderah.

    As I said, he was never precisely unkind,
  The defect in his brain was just absence of mind;
  If he boasted, 'twas simply that he was self-made,
  A position which I, for one, never gainsaid,
  My respect for my Maker supposing a skill
  In his works which our hero would answer but ill;
  And I trust that the mould which he used may be cracked, or he
  Made bold by success, may enlarge his phylactery,
  And set up a kind of a man-manufactory,
  An event which I shudder to think about, seeing
  That Man is a moral, accountable being.

    He meant well enough, but was still in the way
  As a dunce always is, let him be where he may;
  Indeed, they appear to come into existence
  To impede other folks with their awkward assistance;
  If you set up a dunce on the very North pole,
  All alone with himself, I believe, on my soul,
  He'd manage to get betwixt somebody's shins,
  And pitch him down bodily, all in his sins,
  To the grave polar bears sitting round on the ice,
  All shortening their grace, to be in for a slice;
  Or, if he found nobody else there to pother,
  Why, one of his legs would just trip up the other,
  For there's nothing we read of in torture's inventions,
  Like a well-meaning dunce, with the best of intentions.

    A terrible fellow to meet in society,
  Not the toast that he buttered was ever so dry at tea;
  There he'd sit at the table and stir in his sugar,
  Crouching close for a spring, all the while, like a cougar;
  Be sure of your facts, of your measures and weights,
  Of your time--he's as fond as an Arab of dates;--
  You'll be telling, perhaps, in your comical way,
  Of something you've seen in the course of the day;
  And, just as you're tapering out the conclusion,
  You venture an ill-fated classic allusion,--
  The girls have all got their laughs ready, when, whack!
  The cougar comes down on your thunderstruck back!
  You had left out a comma,--your Greek's put in joint,
  And pointed at cost of your story's whole point.
  In the course of the evening, you venture on certain
  Soft speeches to Anne, in the shade of the curtain;
  You tell her your heart can be likened to one flower,
  "And that, oh most charming of women, 's the sunflower,
  Which turns"--here a clear nasal voice, to your terror,
  From outside the curtain, says "that's all an error."
  As for him, he's--no matter, he never grew tender,
  Sitting after a ball, with his feet on the fender,
  Shaping somebody's sweet features out of cigar smoke,
  (Though he'd willingly grant you that such doings are smoke;)
  All women he damns with _mutabile semper_,
  And if ever he felt something like love's distemper,
  'Twas towards a young lady who spoke ancient Mexican,
  And assisted her father in making a lexicon;
  Though I recollect hearing him get quite ferocious
  About Mary Clausum, the mistress of Grotius,
  Or something of that sort,--but, no more to bore ye
  With character-painting, I'll turn to my story.

    Now, Apollo, who finds it convenient sometimes
  To get his court clear of the makers of rhymes,
  The _genus_, I think it is called, _irritabile_,
  Every one of whom thinks himself treated most shabbily,
  And nurses a--what is it?--_immedicabile_,
  Which keeps him at boiling-point, hot for a quarrel,
  As bitter as wormwood, and sourer than sorrel,
  If any poor devil but look at a laurel;--
  Apollo, I say, being sick of their rioting,
  (Though he sometimes acknowledged their verse had a quieting
  Effect after dinner, and seemed to suggest a
  Retreat to the shrine of a tranquil siesta,)
  Kept our hero at hand, who, by means of a bray,
  Which he gave to the life, drove the rabble away;
  And if that wouldn't do, he was sure to succeed,
  If he took his review out and offered to read;
  Or, failing in plans of this milder description,
  He would ask for their aid to get up a subscription,
  Considering that authorship wasn't a rich craft,
  To print the "American drama of Witchcraft."
  "Stay, I'll read you a scene,"--but he hardly began,
  Ere Apollo shrieked "Help!" and the authors all ran:
  And once, when these purgatives acted with less spirit,
  And the desperate case asked a remedy desperate,
  He drew from his pocket a foolscap epistle,
  As calmly as if 'twere a nine-barrelled pistol,
  And threatened them all with the judgment to come,
  Of "A wandering Star's first impressions of Rome."
  "Stop! stop!" with their hands o'er their ears screamed the Muses,
  "He may go off and murder himself, if he chooses,
  'Twas a means self-defence only sanctioned his trying,
  'Tis mere massacre now that the enemy's flying;
  If he's forced to 't again, and we happen to be there,
  Give us each a large handkerchief soaked in strong
  ether."

    I call this a "Fable for Critics"; you think it's
  More like a display of my rhythmical trinkets;
  My plot, like an icicle, 's slender and slippery,
  Every moment more slender, and likely to slip awry,
  And the reader unwilling _in loco desipere_,
  Is free to jump over as much of my frippery
  As he fancies, and, if he's a provident skipper, he
  May have an Odyssean sway of the gales,
  And get safe into port, ere his patience all fails;
  Moreover, although 'tis a slender return
  For your toil and expense, yet my paper will burn,
  And, if you have manfully struggled thus far with me,
  You may e'en twist me up, and just light your cigar with me:
  If too angry for that, you can tear me in pieces,
  And my _membra disjecta_ consign to the breezes,
  A fate like great Ratzau's, whom one of those bores,
  Who beflead with bad verses poor Louis Quatorze,
  Describes, (the first verse somehow ends with _victoire_,)
  As _dispersant partout et ses membres et sa gloire_;
  Or, if I were over-desirous of earning
  A repute among noodles for classical learning,
  I could pick you a score of allusions, I wis;
  As new as the jests of _Didaskalos tis_;
  Better still, I could make out a good solid list
  From recondite authors who do not exist,--
  But that would be naughty: at least, I could twist
  Something out of Absyrtus, or turn your inquiries
  After Milton's prose metaphor, drawn from Osiris;--
  But, as Cicero says he won't say this or that,
  (A fetch, I must say, most transparent and flat,)
  After saying whate'er he could possibly think of,--
  I simply will state that I pause on the brink of
  A mire, ankle-deep, of deliberate confusion,
  Made up of old jumbles of classic allusion,
  So, when you were thinking yourselves to be pitied,
  Just conceive how much harder your teeth you'd have gritted,
  An 't were not for the dulness I've kindly omitted.

    I'd apologize here for my many digressions,
  Were it not that I'm certain to trip into fresh ones,
  ('Tis so hard to escape if you get in their mesh once;)
  Just reflect, if you please, how 'tis said by Horatius,
  That Mæonides nods now and then, and, my gracious!
  It certainly does look a little bit ominous
  When he gets under way with _ton d'apameibomenos_.
  (Here a something occurs which I'll just clap a rhyme to,
  And say it myself, ere a Zoilus have time to,--
  Any author a nap like Van Winkle's may take,
  If he only contrive to keep readers awake,
  But he'll very soon find himself laid on the shelf,
  If _they_ fall a nodding when he nods himself.)

    Once for all, to return, and to stay, will I, nill I--
  When Phœbus expressed his desire for a lily,
  Our hero, whose homœopathic sagacity
  With an ocean of zeal mixed his drop of capacity,
  Set off for the garden as fast as the wind,
  (Or, to take a comparison more to my mind,
  As a sound politician leaves conscience behind,)
  And leaped the low fence, as a party hack jumps
  O'er his principles, when something else turns up trumps.

    He was gone a long time, and Apollo meanwhile,
  Went over some sonnets of his with a file,
  For of all compositions, he thought that the sonnet
  Best repaid all the toil you expended upon it;
  It should reach with one impulse the end of its course,
  And for one final blow collect all of its force;
  Not a verse should be salient, but each one should tend
  With a wave-like up-gathering to burst at the end;--
  So, condensing the strength here, there smoothing a wry kink,
  He was killing the time, when up walked Mr. ----;
  At a few steps behind him, a small man in glasses,
  Went dodging about, muttering "murderers! asses!"
  From out of his pocket a paper he'd take,
  With the proud look of martyrdom tied to its stake,
  And, reading a squib at himself, he'd say, "Here I see
  'Gainst American letters a bloody conspiracy,
  They are all by my personal enemies written;
  I must post an anonymous letter to Britain,
  And show that this gall is the merest suggestion
  Of spite at my zeal on the Copyright question,
  For, on this side the water, 'tis prudent to pull
  O'er the eyes of the public their national wool,
  By accusing of slavish respect to John Bull,
  All American authors who have more or less
  Of that anti-American humbug--success,
  While in private we're always embracing the knees
  Of some twopenny editor over the seas,
  And licking his critical shoes, for you know 'tis
  The whole aim of our lives to get one English notice;
  My American puffs I would willingly burn all,
  (They're all from one source, monthly, weekly, diurnal,)
  To get but a kick from a transmarine journal!"

    So, culling the gibes of each critical scorner
  As if they were plums, and himself were Jack Horner,
  He came cautiously on, peeping round every corner,
  And into each hole where a weasel might pass in,
  Expecting the knife of some critic assassin,
  Who stabs to the heart with a caricature,
  Not so bad as those daubs of the Sun, to be sure,
  Yet done with a dagger-o'-type, whose vile portraits
  Disperse all one's good, and condense all one's poor traits.

    Apollo looked up, hearing footsteps approaching,
  And slipped out of sight the new rhymes he was broaching,--
  "Good day, Mr. ----, I'm happy to meet
  With a scholar so ripe, and a critic so neat,
  Who through Grub-street the soul of a gentleman carries,--
  What news from that suburb of London and Paris
  Which latterly makes such shrill claims to monopolize
  The credit of being the New World's metropolis?"

    "Why, nothing of consequence, save this attack
  On my friend there, behind, by some pitiful hack,
  Who thinks every national author a poor one,
  That isn't a copy of something that's foreign,
  And assaults the American Dick--"
                                   "Nay, 'tis clear
  That your Damon there's fond of a flea in his ear,
  And, if no one else furnished them gratis, on tick
  He would buy some himself, just to hear the old click;
  Why, I honestly think, if some fool in Japan
  Should turn up his nose at the 'Poems on Man,'
  Your friend there by some inward instinct would know it,
  Would get it translated, reprinted, and show it;
  As a man might take off a high stock to exhibit
  The autograph round his own neck of the gibbet;
  Nor would let it rest so, but fire column after column,
  Signed Cato, or Brutus, or something as solemn,
  By way of displaying his critical crosses,
  And tweaking that poor transatlantic proboscis,
  His broadsides resulting (and this there's no doubt of,)
  In successively sinking the craft they're fired out of.
  Now nobody knows when an author is hit,
  If he don't have a public hysterical fit;
  Let him only keep close in his snug garret's dim ether,
  And nobody 'd think of his critics--or him either;
  If an author have any least fibre of worth in him,
  Abuse would but tickle the organ of mirth in him,
  All the critics on earth cannot crush with their ban,
  One word that's in tune with the nature of man."

    "Well, perhaps so; meanwhile I have brought you a book,
  Into which if you'll just have the goodness to look,
  You may feel so delighted, (when you have got through it,)
  As to think it not unworth your while to review it,
  And I think I can promise your thoughts, if you do,
  A place in the next Democratic Review."

    "The most thankless of gods you must surely have thought me,
  For this is the forty-fourth copy you've brought me,
  I have given them away, or at least I have tried,
  But I've forty-two left, standing all side by side,
  (The man who accepted that one copy, died,)--
  From one end of a shelf to the other they reach,
  'With the author's respects' neatly written in each.
  The publisher, sure, will proclaim a Te Deum,
  When he hears of that order the British Museum
  Has sent for one set of what books were first printed
  In America, little or big,--for 'tis hinted
  That this is the first truly tangible hope he
  Has ever had raised for the sale of a copy.
  I've thought very often 't would be a good thing
  In all public collections of books, if a wing
  Were set off by itself, like the seas from the dry lands,
  Marked _Literature suited to desolate islands_,
  And filled with such books as could never be read
  Save by readers of proofs, forced to do it for bread,--
  Such books as one's wrecked on in small country-taverns,
  Such as hermits might mortify over in caverns,
  Such as Satan, if printing had then been invented,
  As the climax of woe, would to Job have presented,
  Such as Crusoe might dip in, although there are few so
  Outrageously cornered by fate as poor Crusoe;
  And since the philanthropists just now are banging
  And gibbeting all who're in favor of hanging,--
  (Though Cheever has proved that the Bible and Altar
  Were let down from Heaven at the end of a halter,
  And that vital religion would dull and grow callous,
  Unrefreshed, now and then, with a sniff of the gallows,)--
  And folks are beginning to think it looks odd,
  To choke a poor scamp for the glory of God;
  And that He who esteems the Virginia reel
  A bait to draw saints from their spiritual weal,
  And regards the quadrille as a far greater knavery
  Than crushing His African children with slavery,--
  Since all who take part in a waltz or cotillion
  Are mounted for hell on the Devil's own pillion,
  Who, as every true orthodox Christian well knows,
  Approaches the heart through the door of the toes,--
  That He, I was saying, whose judgments are stored
  For such as take steps in despite of his word,
  Should look with delight on the agonized prancing
  Of a wretch who has not the least ground for his dancing,
  While the State, standing by, sings a verse from the Psalter
  About offering to God on his favorite halter,
  And, when the legs droop from their twitching divergence,
  Sells the clothes to a Jew, and the corpse to the surgeons;--

    "Now, instead of all this, I think I can direct you all
  To a criminal code both humane and effectual;--
  I propose to shut up every doer of wrong
  With these desperate books, for such term, short or long,
  As by statute in such cases made and provided,
  Shall be by your wise legislators decided;
  Thus:--Let murderers be shut, to grow wiser and cooler,
  At hard labor for life on the works of Miss ----;
  Petty thieves, kept from flagranter crimes by their fears,
  Shall peruse Yankee Doodle a blank term of years,--
  That American Punch, like the English, no doubt--
  Just the sugar and lemons and spirit left out.

    "But stay, here comes Tityrus Griswold, and leads on
  The flocks whom he first plucks alive, and then feeds on,--
  A loud-cackling swarm, in whose feathers warm-drest,
  He goes for as perfect a--swan, as the rest.

    "There comes Emerson first, whose rich words, every one,
  Are like gold nails in temples to hang trophies on,
  Whose prose is grand verse, while his verse, the Lord knows,
  Is some of it pr---- No, 'tis not even prose;
  I'm speaking of metres; some poems have welled
  From those rare depths of soul that have ne'er been excelled;
  They 're not epics, but that doesn't matter a pin,
  In creating, the only hard thing 's to begin;
  A grass-blade's no easier to make than an oak,
  If you've once found the way, you've achieved the grand stroke;
  In the worst of his poems are mines of rich matter,
  But thrown in a heap with a crash and a clatter;
  Now it is not one thing nor another alone
  Makes a poem, but rather the general tone,
  The something pervading, uniting the whole,
  The before unconceived, unconceivable soul,
  So that just in removing this trifle or that, you
  Take away, as it were, a chief limb of the statue;
  Roots, wood, bark, and leaves, singly perfect may be,
  But, clapt hodge-podge together, they don't make a tree.

    "But, to come back to Emerson, (whom by the way,
  I believe we left waiting,)--his is, we may say,
  A Greek head on right Yankee shoulders, whose range
  Has Olympus for one pole, for t'other the Exchange;
  He seems, to my thinking, (although I'm afraid
  The comparison must, long ere this, have been made,)
  A Plotinus-Montaigne, where the Egyptian's gold mist
  And the Gascon's shrewd wit cheek-by-jowl coexist;
  All admire, and yet scarcely six converts he's got
  To I don't (nor they either) exactly know what;
  For though he builds glorious temples, 'tis odd
  He leaves never a doorway to get in a god.
  'Tis refreshing to old-fashioned people like me,
  To meet such a primitive Pagan as he,
  In whose mind all creation is duly respected
  As parts of himself--just a little projected;
  And who's willing to worship the stars and the sun,
  A convert to--nothing but Emerson.
  So perfect a balance there is in his head,
  That he talks of things sometimes as if they were dead;
  Life, nature, love, God, and affairs of that sort,
  He looks at as merely ideas; in short,
  As if they were fossils stuck round in a cabinet,
  Of such vast extent that our earth's a mere dab in it;
  Composed just as he is inclined to conjecture her,
  Namely, one part pure earth, ninety-nine parts pure lecturer;
  You are filled with delight at his clear demonstration,
  Each figure, word, gesture, just fits the occasion,
  With the quiet precision of science he'll sort 'em,
  But you can't help suspecting the whole a _post mortem_.

    "There are persons, mole-blind to the soul's make and style,
  Who insist on a likeness 'twixt him and Carlyle;
  To compare him with Plato would be vastly fairer,
  Carlyle's the more burly, but E. is the rarer;
  He sees fewer objects, but clearlier, truelier,
  If C.'s as original, E.'s more peculiar;
  That he's more of a man you might say of the one,
  Of the other he's more of an Emerson;
  C.'s the Titan, as shaggy of mind as of limb,--
  E. the clear-eyed Olympian, rapid and slim;
  The one's two-thirds Norseman, the other half Greek,
  Where the one's most abounding, the other's to seek;
  C.'s generals require to be seen in the mass,--
  E.'s specialties gain if enlarged by the glass;
  C. gives nature and God his own fits of the blues,
  And rims common-sense things with mystical hues,--
  E. sits in a mystery calm and intense,
  And looks coolly around him with sharp common sense;
  C. shows you how every-day matters unite
  With the dim transdiurnal recesses of night,--
  While E., in a plain, preternatural way,
  Makes mysteries matters of mere every day;
  C. draws all his characters quite _à la_ Fuseli,--
  He don't sketch their bundles of muscles and thews illy,
  But he paints with a brush so untamed and profuse,
  They seem nothing but bundles of muscles and thews;
  E. is rather like Flaxman, lines strait and severe,
  And a colorless outline, but full, round, and clear;--
  To the men he thinks worthy he frankly accords
  The design of a white marble statue in words.
  C. labors to get at the centre, and then
  Take a reckoning from there of his actions and men;
  E. calmly assumes the said centre as granted,
  And, given himself, has whatever is wanted.

    "He has imitators in scores, who omit
  No part of the man but his wisdom and wit,--
  Who go carefully o'er the sky-blue of his brain,
  And when he has skimmed it once, skim it again;
  If at all they resemble him, you may be sure it is
  Because their shoals mirror his mists and obscurities,
  As a mud-puddle seems deep as heaven for a minute,
  While a cloud that floats o'er is reflected within it.

    "There comes ----, for instance; to see him 's rare sport,
  Tread in Emerson's tracks with legs painfully short;
  How he jumps, how he strains, and gets red in the face,
  To keep step with the mystagogue's natural pace
  He follows as close as a stick to a rocket,
  His fingers exploring the prophet's each pocket.
  Fie, for shame, brother bard; with good fruit of your own,
  Can't you let neighbor Emerson's orchards alone?
  Besides, 'tis no use, you'll not find e'en a core,--
  ---- has picked up all the windfalls before.
  They might strip every tree, and E. never would catch 'em,
  His Hesperides have no rude dragon to watch 'em;
  When they send him a dishfull, and ask him to try 'em,
  He never suspects how the sly rogues came by 'em;
  He wonders why 'tis there are none such his trees on,
  And thinks 'em the best he has tasted this season.

    "Yonder, calm as a cloud, Alcott stalks in a dream,
  And fancies himself in thy groves, Academe,
  With the Parthenon nigh, and the olive-trees o'er him,
  And never a fact to perplex him or bore him,
  With a snug room at Plato's, when night comes, to walk to,
  And people from morning till midnight to talk to,
  And from midnight till morning, nor snore in their listening;--
  So he muses, his face with the joy of it glistening,
  For his highest conceit of a happiest state is
  Where they'd live upon acorns, and hear him talk gratis;
  And indeed, I believe, no man ever talked better--
  Each sentence hangs perfectly poised to a letter;
  He seems piling words, but there's royal dust hid
  In the heart of each sky-piercing pyramid.
  While he talks he is great, but goes out like a taper,
  If you shut him up closely with pen, ink, and paper;
  Yet his fingers itch for 'em from morning till night,
  And he thinks he does wrong if he don't always write;
  In this, as in all things, a lamb among men,
  He goes to sure death when he goes to his pen.

    "Close behind him is Brownson, his mouth very full
  With attempting to gulp a Gregorian bull;
  Who contrives, spite of that, to pour out as he goes
  A stream of transparent and forcible prose;
  He shifts quite about, then proceeds to expound
  That 'tis merely the earth, not himself, that turns round,
  And wishes it clearly impressed on your mind,
  That the weather-cock rules and not follows the wind;
  Proving first, then as deftly confuting each side,
  With no doctrine pleased that's not somewhere denied,
  He lays the denier away on the shelf,
  And then--down beside him lies gravely himself.
  He's the Salt River boatman, who always stands willing
  To convey friend or foe without charging a shilling,
  And so fond of the trip that, when leisure's to spare,
  He'll row himself up, if he can't get a fare.
  The worst of it is, that his logic's so strong,
  That of two sides he commonly chooses the wrong;
  If there _is_ only one, why, he'll split it in two,
  And first pummel this half, then that, black and blue.
  That white 's white needs no proof, but it takes a deep fellow
  To prove it jet-black, and that jet-black is yellow.
  He offers the true faith to drink in a sieve,--
  When it reaches your lips there's naught left to believe
  But a few silly- (syllo-, I mean,) -gisms that squat 'em
  Like tadpoles, o'erjoyed with the mud at the bottom.

    "There is Willis, so _natty_ and jaunty and gay,
  Who says his best things in so foppish a way,
  With conceits and pet phrases so thickly o'erlaying 'em,
  That one hardly knows whether to thank him for saying 'em;
  Over-ornament ruins both poem and prose,
  Just conceive of a Muse with a ring in her nose!
  His prose had a natural grace of its own,
  And enough of it, too, if he'd let it alone;
  But he twitches and jerks so, one fairly gets tired,
  And is forced to forgive where he might have admired;
  Yet whenever it slips away free and unlaced,
  It runs like a stream with a musical waste,
  And gurgles along with the liquidest sweep;--
  'Tis not deep as a river, but who'd have it deep?
  In a country where scarcely a village is found
  That has not its author sublime and profound,
  For some one to be slightly shoal is a duty,
  And Willis's shallowness makes half his beauty.
  His prose winds along with a blithe, gurgling error,
  And reflects all of Heaven it can see in its mirror;
  'Tis a narrowish strip, but it is not an artifice,--
  'Tis the true out-of-doors with its genuine hearty phiz;
  It is Nature herself, and there's something in that,
  Since most brains reflect but the crown of a hat.
  No volume I know to read under a tree,
  More truly delicious than his A l' Abri,
  With the shadows of leaves flowing over your book,
  Like ripple-shades netting the bed of a brook;
  With June coming softly your shoulder to look over,
  Breezes waiting to turn every leaf of your book over,
  And Nature to criticise still as you read,--
  The page that bears that is a rare one indeed.

    "He's so innate a cockney, that had he been born
  Where plain bare-skin 's the only full-dress that is worn,
  He'd have given his own such an air that you'd say
  'T had been made by a tailor to lounge in Broadway.
  His nature's a glass of champagne with the foam on 't,
  As tender as Fletcher, as witty as Beaumont;
  So his best things are done in the flush of the moment,
  If he wait, all is spoiled; he may stir it and shake it,
  But, the fixed air once gone, he can never re-make it.
  He might be a marvel of easy delightfulness,
  If he would not sometimes leave the r out of sprightfulness;
  And he ought to let Scripture alone--'t is self-slaughter,
  For nobody likes inspiration-and-water.
  He'd have been just the fellow to sup at the Mermaid,
  Cracking jokes at rare Ben, with an eye to the barmaid,
  His wit running up as Canary ran down,--
  The topmost bright bubble on the wave of The Town.

    "Here comes Parker, the Orson of parsons, a man
  Whom the Church undertook to put under her ban,--
  (The Church of Socinus, I mean)--his opinions
  Being So-(ultra)-cinian, they shocked the Socinians;
  They believed--faith I'm puzzled--I think I may call
  Their belief a believing in nothing at all,
  Or something of that sort; I know they all went
  For a general union of total dissent:
  He went a step farther; without cough or hem,
  He frankly avowed he believed not in them;
  And, before he could be jumbled up or prevented
  From their orthodox kind of dissent he dissented.
  There was heresy here, you perceive, for the right
  Of privately judging means simply that light
  Has been granted to _me_, for deciding on _you_,
  And in happier times, before Atheism grew,
  The deed contained clauses for cooking you too.
  Now at Xerxes and Knut we all laugh, yet our foot
  With the same wave is wet that mocked Xerxes and Knut;
  And we all entertain a sincere private notion,
  That our _Thus far!_ will have a great weight with the ocean.
  'Twas so with our liberal Christians: they bore
  With sincerest conviction their chairs to the shore;
  They brandished their worn theological birches,
  Bade natural progress keep out of the Churches,
  And expected the lines they had drawn to prevail
  With the fast-rising tide to keep out of their pale;
  They had formerly dammed the Pontifical See,
  And the same thing, they thought, would do nicely for P.;
  But he turned up his nose at their murmuring and shamming,
  And cared (shall I say?) not a d-- for their damming;
  So they first read him out of their church, and next minute
  Turned round and declared he had never been in it.
  But the ban was too small or the man was too big,
  For he recks not their bells, books, and candles a fig;
  (He don't look like a man who would _stay_ treated shabbily,
  Sophroniscus' son's head o'er the features of Rabelais;)--
  He bangs and bethwacks them,--their backs he salutes
  With the whole tree of knowledge torn up by the roots;
  His sermons with satire are plenteously verjuiced,
  And he talks in one breath of Confutzee, Cass, Zerduscht,
  Jack Robinson, Peter the Hermit, Strap, Dathan,
  Cush, Pitt, (not the bottomless, _that_ he's no faith in,)
  Pan, Pillicock, Shakspeare, Paul, Toots, Monsieur Tonson,
  Aldebaran, Alcander, Ben Khorat, Ben Jonson,
  Thoth, Richter, Joe Smith, Father Paul, Judah Monis,
  Musæus, Muretus, _hem_,--μ Scorpionis,
  Maccabee, Maccaboy, Mac--Mac--ah! Machiavelli,
  Condorcet, Count d'Orsay, Conder, Say, Ganganelli,
  Orion, O'Connell, the Chevalier D'O,
  (See the Memoirs of Sully) τὸ πᾶν, the great toe
  Of the statue of Jupiter, now made to pass
  For that of Jew Peter by good Romish brass,--
  (You may add for yourselves, for I find it a bore,
  All the names you have ever, or not, heard before,
  And when you've done that--why, invent a few more.)
  His hearers can't tell you on Sunday beforehand,
  If in that day's discourse they'll be Bibled or Koraned,
  For he's seized the idea (by his martyrdom fired,)
  That all men (not orthodox) _may be_ inspired;
  Yet tho' wisdom profane with his creed he may weave in,
  He makes it quite clear what he _doesn't_ believe in,
  While some, who decry him, think all Kingdom Come
  Is a sort of a, kind of a, species of Hum,
  Of which, as it were, so to speak, not a crumb
  Would be left, if we didn't keep carefully mum,
  And, to make a clean breast, that 'tis perfectly plain
  That _all_ kinds of wisdom are somewhat profane;
  Now P.'s creed than this may be lighter or darker,
  But in one thing, 'tis clear, he has faith, namely--Parker;
  And this is what makes him the crowd-drawing preacher,
  There's a background of god to each hard-working feature,
  Every word that he speaks has been fierily furnaced
  In the blast of a life that has struggled in earnest:
  There he stands, looking more like a ploughman than priest,
  If not dreadfully awkward, not graceful at least,
  His gestures all downright and same, if you will,
  As of brown-fisted Hobnail in hoeing a drill,
  But his periods fall on you, stroke after stroke,
  Like the blows of a lumberer felling an oak,
  You forget the man wholly, you're thankful to meet
  With a preacher who smacks of the field and the street,
  And to hear, you're not over-particular whence,
  Almost Taylor's profusion, quite Latimer's sense.

    "There is Bryant, as quiet, as cool, and as dignified,
  As a smooth, silent iceberg, that never is ignified,
  Save when by reflection 'tis kindled o' nights
  With a semblance of flame by the chill Northern Lights.
  He may rank (Griswold says so) first bard of your nation,
  (There's no doubt that he stands in supreme iceolation,)
  Your topmost Parnassus he may set his heel on,
  But no warm applauses come, peal following peal on,--
  He's too smooth and too polished to hang any zeal on:
  Unqualified merits, I'll grant, if you choose, he has 'em,
  But he lacks the one merit of kindling enthusiasm;
  If he stir you at all, it is just, on my soul,
  Like being stirred up with the very North Pole.

    "He is very nice reading in summer, but _inter_
  _Nos_, we don't want _extra_ freezing in winter;
  Take him up in the depth of July, my advice is,
  When you feel an Egyptian devotion to ices.
  But, deduct all you can, there's enough that's right good in him,
  He has a true soul for field, river, and wood in him;
  And his heart, in the midst of brick walls, or where'er it is,
  Glows, softens, and thrills with the tenderest charities,--
  To you mortals that delve in this trade-ridden planet?
  No, to old Berkshire's hills, with their limestone and granite.
  If you're one who _in loco_ (add _foco_ here) _desipis_,
  You will get of his outermost heart (as I guess) a piece;
  But you'd get deeper down if you came as a precipice,
  And would break the last seal of its inwardest fountain,
  If you only could palm yourself off for a mountain.
  Mr. Quivis, or somebody quite as discerning,
  Some scholar who's hourly expecting his learning,
  Calls B. the American Wordsworth; but Wordsworth
  Is worth near as much as your whole tuneful herd's worth.
  No, don't be absurd, he's an excellent Bryant;
  But, my friends, you'll endanger the life of your client,
  By attempting to stretch him up into a giant:
  If you choose to compare him, I think there are two per-
  sons fit for a parallel--Thomson and Cowper;[C]
  I don't mean exactly,--there's something of each,
  There's T.'s love of nature, C.'s penchant to preach;
  Just mix up their minds so that C.'s spice of craziness
  Shall balance and neutralize T.'s turn for laziness,
  And it gives you a brain cool, quite frictionless, quiet,
  Whose internal police nips the buds of all riot,--
  A brain like a permanent strait-jacket put on
  The heart which strives vainly to burst off a button,--
  A brain which, without being slow or mechanic,
  Does more than a larger less drilled, more volcanic;
  He's a Cowper condensed, with no craziness bitten,
  And the advantage that Wordsworth before him has written.

  [Footnote C:
     To demonstrate quickly and easily how per-
     -versely absurd 'tis to sound this name _Cowper_,
     As people in general call him named _super_,
     I just add that he rhymes it himself with horse-trooper.]


    "But, my dear little bardlings, don't prick up your ears,
  Nor suppose I would rank you and Bryant as peers;
  If I call him an iceberg, I don't mean to say
  There is nothing in that which is grand, in its way;
  He is almost the one of your poets that knows
  How much grace, strength, and dignity lie in Repose;
  If he sometimes fall short, he is too wise to mar
  His thought's modest fulness by going too far;
  'Twould be well if your authors should all make a trial
  Of what virtue there is in severe self-denial,
  And measure their writings by Hesiod's staff,
  Which teaches that all have less value than half.

    "There is Whittier, whose swelling and vehement heart
  Strains the strait-breasted drab of the Quaker apart,
  And reveals the live Man, still supreme and erect,
  Underneath the bemummying wrappers of sect;
  There was ne'er a man born who had more of the swing
  Of the true lyric bard and all that kind of thing;
  And his failures arise, (though perhaps he don't know it,)
  From the very same cause that has made him a poet,--
  A fervor of mind which knows no separation
  'Twixt simple excitement and pure inspiration,
  As my Pythoness erst sometimes erred from not knowing
  If 'twere I or mere wind through her tripod was blowing;
  Let his mind once get head in its favorite direction
  And the torrent of verse bursts the dams of reflection,
  While, borne with the rush of the metre along,
  The poet may chance to go right or go wrong,
  Content with the whirl and delirium of song;
  Then his grammar's not always correct, nor his rhymes,
  And he's prone to repeat his own lyrics sometimes,
  Not his best, though, for those are struck off at white-heats
  When the heart in his breast like a trip-hammer beats,
  And can ne'er be repeated again any more
  Than they could have been carefully plotted before:
  Like old what's-his-name there at the battle of Hastings,
  (Who, however, gave more than mere rhythmical bastings,)
  Our Quaker leads off metaphorical fights
  For reform and whatever they call human rights,
  Both singing and striking in front of the war
  And hitting his foes with the mallet of Thor;
  _Anne haec_, one exclaims, on beholding his knocks,
  _Vestis filii tui_, O, leather-clad Fox?
  Can that be thy son, in the battle's mid din,
  Preaching brotherly love and then driving it in
  To the brain of the tough old Goliah of sin,
  With the smoothest of pebbles from Castaly's spring
  Impressed on his hard moral sense with a sling?

    "All honor and praise to the right-hearted bard
  Who was true to The Voice when such service was hard,
  Who himself was so free he dared sing for the slave
  When to look but a protest in silence was brave;
  All honor and praise to the women and men
  Who spoke out for the dumb and the down-trodden then!
  I need not to name them, already for each
  I see History preparing the statue and niche;
  They were harsh, but shall _you_ be so shocked at hard words
  Who have beaten your pruning-hooks up into swords,
  Whose rewards and hurrahs men are surer to gain
  By the reaping of men and of women than grain?
  Why should _you_ stand aghast at their fierce wordy war, if
  You scalp one another for Bank or for Tariff?
  Your calling them cut-throats and knaves all day long
  Don't prove that the use of hard language is wrong;
  While the World's heart beats quicker to think of such men
  As signed Tyranny's doom with a bloody steel-pen,
  While on Fourth-of-Julys beardless orators fright one
  With hints at Harmodius and Aristogeiton,
  You need not look shy at your sisters and brothers
  Who stab with sharp words for the freedom of others;--
  No, a wreath, twine a wreath for the loyal and true
  Who, for the sake of the many, dared stand with the few,
  Not of blood-spattered laurel for enemies braved,
  But of broad, peaceful oak-leaves for citizens saved!

    "Here comes Dana, abstractedly loitering along
  Involved in a paulo-post-future of song,
  Who'll be going to write what'll never be written
  Till the Muse, ere he thinks of it, gives him the mitten,--
  Who is so well aware of how things should be done,
  That his own works displease him before they're begun,--
  Who so well all that makes up good poetry knows
  That the best of his poems is written in prose;
  All saddled and bridled stood Pegasus waiting,
  He was booted and spurred, but he loitered debating,
  In a very grave question his soul was immersed,--
  Which foot in the stirrup he ought to put first;
  And, while this point and that he judicially dwelt on,
  He, somehow or other, had written Paul Felton,
  Whose beauties or faults, whichsoever you see there,
  You'll allow only genius could hit upon either.
  That he once was the Idle Man none will deplore,
  But I fear he will never be anything more;
  The ocean of song heaves and glitters before him,
  The depth and the vastness and longing sweep o'er him,
  He knows every breaker and shoal on the chart,
  He has the Coast Pilot and so on by heart,
  Yet he spends his whole life, like the man in the fable,
  In learning to swim on his library-table.

    "There swaggers John Neal, who has wasted in Maine
  The sinews and chords of his pugilist brain,
  Who might have been poet, but that, in its stead, he
  Preferred to believe that he was so already;
  Too hasty to wait till Art's ripe fruit should drop,
  He must pelt down an unripe and colicky crop;
  Who took to the law, and had this sterling plea for it,
  It required him to quarrel, and paid him a fee for it;
  A man who's made less than he might have, because
  He always has thought himself more than he was,--
  Who, with very good natural gifts as a bard,
  Broke the strings of his lyre out by striking too hard,
  And cracked half the notes of a truly fine voice,
  Because song drew less instant attention than noise.
  Ah, men do not know how much strength is in poise,
  That he goes the farthest who goes far enough,
  And that all beyond that is just bother and stuff.
  No vain man matures, he makes too much new wood;
  His blooms are too thick for the fruit to be good;
  'Tis the modest man ripens, 'tis he that achieves,
  Just what's needed of sunshine and shade he receives;
  Grapes, to mellow, require the cool dark of their leaves;
  Neal wants balance; he throws his mind always too far,
  Whisking out flocks of comets, but never a star;
  He has so much muscle, and loves so to show it,
  That he strips himself naked to prove he's a poet,
  And, to show he could leap Art's wide ditch, if he tried,
  Jumps clean o'er it, and into the hedge t'other side.
  He has strength, but there's nothing about him in keeping;
  One gets surelier onward by walking than leaping;
  He has used his own sinews himself to distress,
  And had done vastly more had he done vastly less;
  In letters, too soon is as bad as too late,
  Could he only have waited he might have been great,
  But he plumped into Helicon up to the waist,
  And muddied the stream ere he took his first taste.

    "There is Hawthorne, with genius so shrinking and rare
  That you hardly at first see the strength that is there;
  A frame so robust, with a nature so sweet,
  So earnest, so graceful, so solid, so fleet,
  Is worth a descent from Olympus to meet;
  'Tis as if a rough oak that for ages had stood,
  With his gnarled bony branches like ribs of the wood,
  Should bloom, after cycles of struggle and scathe,
  With a single anemone trembly and rathe;
  His strength is so tender, his wildness so meek,
  That a suitable parallel sets one to seek,--
  He's a John Bunyan Fouqué, a Puritan Tieck;
  When nature was shaping him, clay was not granted
  For making so full-sized a man as she wanted,
  So, to fill out her model, a little she spared
  From some finer-grained stuff for a woman prepared,
  And she could not have hit a more excellent plan
  For making him fully and perfectly man.
  The success of her scheme gave her so much delight,
  That she tried it again, shortly after, in Dwight;
  Only, while she was kneading and shaping the clay,
  She sang to her work in her sweet childish way,
  And found, when she'd put the last touch to his soul,
  That the music had somehow got mixed with the whole.

    "Here's Cooper, who's written six volumes to show
  He's as good as a lord: well, let's grant that he's so;
  If a person prefer that description of praise,
  Why, a coronet's certainly cheaper than bays;
  But he need take no pains to convince us he's not
  (As his enemies say) the American Scott.
  Choose any twelve men, and let C. read aloud
  That one of his novels of which he's most proud,
  And I'd lay any bet that, without ever quitting
  Their box, they'd be all, to a man, for acquitting.
  He has drawn you one character, though, that is new,
  One wildflower he's plucked that is wet with the dew
  Of this fresh Western world, and, the thing not to mince,
  He has done naught but copy it ill ever since;
  His Indians, with proper respect be it said,
  Are just Natty Bumpo daubed over with red,
  And his very Long Toms are the same useful Nat,
  Rigged up in duck pants and a sou'-wester hat,
  (Though once in a Coffin, a good chance was found
  To have slipt the old fellow away underground.)
  All his other men-figures are clothes upon sticks,
  The _dernière chemise_ of a man in a fix,
  (As a captain besieged, when his garrison's small,
  Sets up caps upon poles to be seen o'er the wall;)
  And the women he draws from one model don't vary,
  All sappy as maples and flat as a prairie.
  When a character's wanted, he goes to the task
  As a cooper would do in composing a cask;
  He picks out the staves, of their qualities heedful,
  Just hoops them together as tight as is needful,
  And, if the best fortune should crown the attempt, he
  Has made at the most something wooden and empty.

    "Don't suppose I would underrate Cooper's abilities,
  If I thought you'd do that, I should feel very ill at ease;
  The men who have given to _one_ character life
  And objective existence, are not very rife,
  You may number them all, both prose-writers and singers,
  Without overrunning the bounds of your fingers,
  And Natty won't go to oblivion quicker
  Than Adams the parson or Primrose the vicar.

    "There is one thing in Cooper I like, too, and that is
  That on manners he lectures his countrymen gratis,
  Not precisely so either, because, for a rarity,
  He is paid for his tickets in unpopularity.
  Now he may overcharge his American pictures,
  But you'll grant there's a good deal of truth in his strictures;
  And I honor the man who is willing to sink
  Half his present repute for the freedom to think,
  And, when he has thought, be his cause strong or weak,
  Will risk t' other half for the freedom to speak,
  Caring naught for what vengeance the mob has in store,
  Let that mob be the upper ten thousand or lower.

    "There are truths you Americans need to be told,
  And it never'll refute them to swagger and scold;
  John Bull, looking o'er the Atlantic, in choler
  At your aptness for trade, says you worship the dollar;
  But to scorn such i-dollar-try's what very few do,
  And John goes to that church as often as you do.
  No matter what John says, don't try to outcrow him,
  'Tis enough to go quietly on and outgrow him;
  Like most fathers, Bull hates to see Number one
  Displacing himself in the mind of his son,
  And detests the same faults in himself he'd neglected
  When he sees them again in his child's glass reflected;
  To love one another you're too like by half,
  If he is a bull, you 're a pretty stout calf,
  And tear your own pasture for naught but to show
  What a nice pair of horns you're beginning to grow.

    "There are one or two things I should just like to hint,
  For you don't often get the truth told you in print.
  The most of you (this is what strikes all beholders)
  Have a mental and physical stoop in the shoulders;
  Though you ought to be free as the winds and the waves,
  You've the gait and the manners of runaway slaves;
  Tho' you brag of your New World, you don't half believe in it,
  And as much of the Old as is possible weave in it;
  Your goddess of freedom, a tight, buxom girl,
  With lips like a cherry and teeth like a pearl,
  With eyes bold as Herè's, and hair floating free,
  And full of the sun as the spray of the sea,
  Who can sing at a husking or romp at a shearing,
  Who can trip through the forests alone without fearing,
  Who can drive home the cows with a song through the grass,
  Keeps glancing aside into Europe's cracked glass,
  Hides her red hands in gloves, pinches up her lithe waist,
  And makes herself wretched with transmarine taste;
  She loses her fresh country charm when she takes
  Any mirror except her own rivers and lakes.

    "You steal Englishmen's books and think Englishmen's thought,
  With their salt on her tail your wild eagle is caught;
  Your literature suits its each whisper and motion
  To what will be thought of it over the ocean;
  The cast clothes of Europe your statesmanship tries
  And mumbles again the old blarneys and lies;--
  Forget Europe wholly, your veins throb with blood,
  To which the dull current in hers is but mud;
  Let her sneer, let her say your experiment fails,
  In her voice there's a tremble e'en now while she rails,
  And your shore will soon be in the nature of things
  Covered thick with gilt driftwood of runaway kings,
  Where alone, as it were in a Longfellow's Waif,
  Her fugitive pieces will find themselves safe.
  O, my friends, thank your God, if you have one, that he
  'Twixt the Old World and you set the gulf of a sea,
  Be strong-backed, brown-handed, upright as your pines,
  By the scale of a hemisphere shape your designs,
  Be true to yourselves and this new nineteenth age,
  As a statue by Powers, or a picture by Page,
  Plough, sail, forge, build, carve, paint, all things make new,
  To your own New-World instincts contrive to be true,
  Keep your ears open wide to the Future's first call,
  Be whatever you will, but yourselves first of all,
  Stand fronting the dawn on Toil's heaven-scaling peaks,
  And become my new race of more practical Greeks.--
  Hem! your likeness at present, I shudder to tell o't,
  Is that you have your slaves, and the Greek had his helot."

    Here a gentleman present, who had in his attic
  More pepper than brains, shrieked--"The man's a fanatic,
  I'm a capital tailor with warm tar and feathers,
  And will make him a suit that'll serve in all weathers;
  But we'll argue the point first, I'm willing to reason't,
  Palaver before condemnation's but decent,
  So, through my humble person, Humanity begs
  Of the friends of true freedom a loan of bad eggs."
  But Apollo let one such a look of his show forth
  As when ἤϊε νύκτι ἐοικώς, and so forth,
  And the gentleman somehow slunk out of the way,
  But, as he was going, gained courage to say,--
  "At slavery in the abstract my whole soul rebels,
  I am as strongly opposed to't as any one else."
  "Ay, no doubt, but whenever I've happened to meet
  With a wrong or a crime, it is always concrete,"
  Answered Phœbus severely; then turning to us,
  "The mistake of such fellows as just made the fuss
  Is only in taking a great busy nation
  For a part of their pitiful cotton-plantation.--
  But there comes Miranda, Zeus! where shall I flee to?
  She has such a penchant for bothering me too!
  She always keeps asking if I don't observe a
  Particular likeness 'twixt her and Minerva;
  She tells me my efforts in verse are quite clever;--
  She's been travelling now, and will be worse than ever;
  One would think, though, a sharp-sighted noter she'd be
  Of all that's worth mentioning over the sea,
  For a woman must surely see well, if she try,
  The whole of whose being's a capital I:
  She will take an old notion, and make it her own,
  By saying it o'er in her Sibylline tone,
  Or persuade you 'tis something tremendously deep,
  By repeating it so as to put you to sleep;
  And she well may defy any mortal to see through it,
  When once she has mixed up her infinite me through it.
  There is one thing she owns in her own single right,
  It is native and genuine--namely, her spite:
  Though, when acting as censor, she privately blows
  A censer of vanity 'neath her own nose."

    Here Miranda came up, and said, "Phœbus, you know
  That the infinite Soul has its infinite woe,
  As I ought to know, having lived cheek by jowl
  Since the day I was born, with the infinite Soul;
  I myself introduced, I myself, I alone,
  To my Land's better life authors solely my own,
  Who the sad heart of earth on their shoulders have taken,
  Whose works sound a depth by Life's quiet unshaken,
  Such as Shakspeare, for instance, the Bible, and Bacon,
  Not to mention my own works; Time's nadir is fleet,
  And, as for myself, I'm quite out of conceit"--

    "Quite out of conceit! I'm enchanted to hear it,"
  Cried Apollo aside, "Who'd have thought she was near it?
  To be sure one is apt to exhaust those commodities
  He uses too fast, yet in this case as odd it is
  As if Neptune should say to his turbots and whitings,
  'I'm as much out of salt as Miranda's own writings,'
  (Which, as she in her own happy manner has said,
  Sound a depth, for 'tis one of the functions of lead.)
  She often has asked me if I could not find
  A place somewhere near me that suited her mind;
  I know but a single one vacant, which she,
  With her rare talent that way, would fit to a T.
  And it would not imply any pause or cessation
  In the work she esteems her peculiar vocation,--
  She may enter on duty to-day, if she chooses,
  And remain Tiring-woman for life to the Muses."

    Miranda meanwhile has succeeded in driving
  Up into a corner, in spite of their striving,
  A small flock of terrified victims, and there,
  With an I-turn-the-crank-of-the-Universe air
  And a tone which, at least to _my_ fancy, appears
  Not so much to be entering as boxing your ears,
  Is unfolding a tale (of herself, I surmise,
  For 'tis dotted as thick as a peacock's with I's.)
  _Apropos_ of Miranda, I'll rest on my oars
  And drift through a trifling digression on bores,
  For, though not wearing ear-rings _in more majorum_,
  Our ears are kept bored just as if we still wore 'em.
  There was one feudal custom worth keeping, at least,
  Roasted bores made a part of each well-ordered feast,
  And of all quiet pleasures the very _ne plus_
  Was in hunting wild bores as the tame ones hunt us.
  Archæologians, I know, who have personal fears
  Of this wise application of hounds and of spears,
  Have tried to make out, with a zeal more than wonted,
  'Twas a kind of wild swine that our ancestors hunted;
  But I'll never believe that the age which has strewn
  Europe o'er with cathedrals, and otherwise shown
  That it knew what was what, could by chance not have known,
  (Spending, too, its chief time with its buff on, no doubt,)
  Which beast 'twould improve the world most to thin out.
  I divide bores myself, in the manner of rifles,
  Into two great divisions, regardless of trifles;--
  There's your smooth-bore and screw-bore, who do not much vary
  In the weight of cold lead they respectively carry.
  The smooth-bore is one in whose essence the mind
  Not a corner nor cranny to cling by can find;
  You feel as in nightmares sometimes, when you slip
  Down a steep slated roof where there's nothing to grip,
  You slide and you slide, the blank horror increases,
  You had rather by far be at once smashed to pieces,
  You fancy a whirlpool below white and frothing,
  And finally drop off and light upon--nothing.
  The screw-bore has twists in him, faint predilections
  For going just wrong in the tritest directions;
  When he's wrong he is flat, when he's right he can't show it,
  He'll tell you what Snooks said about the new poet,[D]
  Or how Fogrum was outraged by Tennyson's Princess;
  He has spent all his spare time and intellect since his
  Birth in perusing, on each art and science,
  Just the books in which no one puts any reliance,
  And though _nemo_, we're told, _horis omnibus sapit_,
  The rule will not fit him, however you shape it,
  For he has a perennial foison of sappiness;
  He has just enough force to spoil half your day's happiness,
  And to make him a sort of mosquito to be with,
  But just not enough to dispute or agree with.

  [Footnote D:
     (If you call Snooks an owl, he will show by his looks
     That he's morally certain you're jealous of Snooks.)]

    These sketches I made (not to be too explicit)
  From two honest fellows who made me a visit,
  And broke, like the tale of the Bear and the Fiddle,
  My reflections on Halleck short off by the middle,
  I shall not now go into the subject more deeply,
  For I notice that some of my readers look sleep'ly,
  I will barely remark that, 'mongst civilized nations,
  There's none that displays more exemplary patience
  Under all sorts of boring, at all sorts of hours,
  From all sorts of desperate persons, than ours.
  Not to speak of our papers, our State legislatures,
  And other such trials for sensitive natures,
  Just look for a moment at Congress,--appalled,
  My fancy shrinks back from the phantom it called;
  Why, there's scarcely a member unworthy to frown
  'Neath what Fourier nicknames, the Boreal crown;
  Only think what that infinite bore-pow'r could do
  If applied with a utilitarian view;
  Suppose, for example, we shipped it with care
  To Sahara's great desert and let it bore there,
  If they held one short session and did nothing else,
  They'd fill the whole waste with Artesian wells.
  But 'tis time now with pen phonographic to follow
  Through some more of his sketches our laughing Apollo:--

    "There comes Harry Franco, and, as he draws near,
  You find that's a smile which you took for a sneer;
  One half of him contradicts t'other, his wont
  Is to say very sharp things and do very blunt;
  His manner's as hard as his feelings are tender,
  And a _sortie_ he'll make when he means to surrender;
  He's in joke half the time when he seems to be sternest,
  When he seems to be joking, be sure he's in earnest;
  He has common sense in a way that's uncommon,
  Hates humbug and cant, loves his friends like a woman,
  Builds his dislikes of cards and his friendships of oak,
  Loves a prejudice better than aught but a joke,
  Is half upright Quaker, half downright Come-outer,
  Loves Freedom too well to go stark mad about her,
  Quite artless himself, is a lover of Art,
  Shuts you out of his secrets and into his heart,
  And though not a poet, yet all must admire
  In his letters of Pinto his skill on the liar.

    "There comes Poe, with his raven, like Barnaby Rudge,
  Three-fifths of him genius and two-fifths sheer fudge,
  Who talks like a book of iambs and pentameters,
  In a way to make people of common-sense damn metres,
  Who has written some things quite the best of their kind,
  But the heart somehow seems all squeezed out by the mind,
  Who--but hey-day! What's this? Messieurs Mathews and Poe,
  You mustn't fling mud-balls at Longfellow so,
  Does it make a man worse that his character's such
  As to make his friends love him (as you think) too much?
  Why, there is not a bard at this moment alive
  More willing than he that his fellows should thrive,
  While you are abusing him thus, even now
  He would help either one of you out of a slough;
  You may say that he's smooth and all that till you're hoarse,
  But remember that elegance also is force;
  After polishing granite as much as you will,
  The heart keeps its tough old persistency still;
  Deduct all you can that still keeps you at bay,--
  Why, he'll live till men weary of Collins and Gray.
  I'm not over-fond of Greek metres in English,
  To me rhyme's a gain, so it be not too jinglish,
  And your modern hexameter verses are no more
  Like Greek ones than sleek Mr. Pope is like Homer;
  As the roar of the sea to the coo of a pigeon is,
  So, compared to your moderns, sounds old Melesigenes;
  I may be too partial, the reason, perhaps, o'tis
  That I've heard the old blind man recite his own rhapsodies,
  And my ear with that music impregnate may be,
  Like the poor exiled shell with the soul of the sea,
  Or as one can't bear Strauss when his nature is cloven
  To its deeps within deeps by the stroke of Beethoven;
  But, set that aside, and 'tis truth that I speak,
  Had Theocritus written in English, not Greek,
  I believe that his exquisite sense would scarce change a line
  In that rare, tender, virgin-like pastoral Evangeline.
  That's not ancient nor modern, its place is apart
  Where time has no sway, in the realm of pure Art,
  'Tis a shrine of retreat from Earth's hubbub and strife
  As quiet and chaste as the author's own life.

    "There comes Philothea, her face all a-glow,
  She has just been dividing some poor creature's woe
  And can't tell which pleases her most, to relieve
  His want, or his story to hear and believe;
  No doubt against many deep griefs she prevails,
  For her ear is the refuge of destitute tales;
  She knows well that silence is sorrow's best food,
  And that talking draws off from the heart its black blood,
  So she'll listen with patience and let you unfold
  Your bundle of rags as 'twere pure cloth of gold,
  Which, indeed, it all turns to as soon as she's touched it,
  And, (to borrow a phrase from the nursery,) _muched_ it,
  She has such a musical taste, she will go
  Any distance to hear one who draws a long bow;
  She will swallow a wonder by mere might and main
  And thinks it geometry's fault if she's fain
  To consider things flat, inasmuch as they're plain;
  Facts with her are accomplished, as Frenchmen would say,
  They will prove all she wishes them to--either way,
  And, as fact lies on this side or that, we must try,
  If we're seeking the truth, to find where it don't lie;
  I was telling her once of a marvellous aloe
  That for thousands of years had looked spindling and sallow,
  And, though nursed by the fruitfullest powers of mud,
  Had never vouchsafed e'en so much as a bud,
  Till its owner remarked, (as a sailor, you know,
  Often will in a calm,) that it never would blow,
  For he wished to exhibit the plant, and designed
  That its blowing should help him in raising the wind;
  At last it was told him that if he should water
  Its roots with the blood of his unmarried daughter,
  (Who was born, as her mother, a Calvinist said,
  With a Baxter's effectual caul on her head,)
  It would blow as the obstinate breeze did when by a
  Like decree of her father died Iphigenia;
  At first he declared he himself would be blowed
  Ere his conscience with such a foul crime he would load,
  But the thought, coming oft, grew less dark than before,
  And he mused, as each creditor knocked at his door,
  If _this_ were but done they would dun me no more;
  I told Philothea his struggles and doubts,
  And how he considered the ins and the outs
  Of the visions he had, and the dreadful dyspepsy,
  How he went to the seer that lives at Po'keepsie,
  How the seer advised him to sleep on it first
  And to read his big volume in case of the worst,
  And further advised he should pay him five dollars
  For writing |Dum, Dum|, on his wristbands and collars;
  Three years and ten days these dark words he had studied
  When the daughter was missed, and the aloe had budded;
  I told how he watched it grow large and more large,
  And wondered how much for the show he should charge,--
  She had listened with utter indifference to this, till
  I told how it bloomed, and discharging its pistil
  With an aim the Eumenides dictated, shot
  The botanical filicide dead on the spot;
  It had blown, but he reaped not his horrible gains,
  For it blew with such force as to blow out his brains,
  And the crime was blown also, because on the wad,
  Which was paper, was writ 'Visitation of God,'
  As well as a thrilling account of the deed
  Which the coroner kindly allowed me to read.

    "Well, my friend took this story up just, to be sure,
  As one might a poor foundling that's laid at one's door;
  She combed it and washed it and clothed it and fed it,
  And as if 't were her own child most tenderly bred it,
  Laid the scene (of the legend, I mean,) far away a-
  -mong the green vales underneath Himalaya.
  And by artist-like touches, laid on here and there,
  Made the whole thing so touching, I frankly declare
  I have read it all thrice, and, perhaps I am weak,
  But I found every time there were tears on my cheek.

    "The pole, science tells us, the magnet controls,
  But she is a magnet to emigrant Poles,
  And folks with a mission that nobody knows,
  Throng thickly about her as bees round a rose;
  She can fill up the _carets_ in such, make their scope
  Converge to some focus of rational hope,
  And, with sympathies fresh as the morning, their gall
  Can transmute into honey,--but this is not all;
  Not only for those she has solace, oh, say,
  Vice's desperate nursling adrift in Broadway,
  Who clingest, with all that is left of thee human,
  To the last slender spar from the wreck of the woman,
  Hast thou not found one shore where those tired drooping feet
  Could reach firm mother-earth, one full heart on whose beat
  The soothed head in silence reposing could hear
  The chimes of far childhood throb back on the ear?
  Ah, there's many a beam from the fountain of day
  That to reach us unclouded, must pass, on its way,
  Through the soul of a woman, and hers is wide ope
  To the influence of Heaven as the blue eyes of Hope;
  Yes, a great soul is hers, one that dares to go in
  To the prison, the slave-hut, the alleys of sin,
  And to bring into each, or to find there some line
  Of the never completely out-trampled divine;
  If her heart at high floods swamps her brain now and then,
  'Tis but richer for that when the tide ebbs agen,
  As, after old Nile has subsided, his plain
  Overflows with a second broad deluge of grain;
  What a wealth would it bring to the narrow and sour
  Could they be as a Child but for one little hour!

    "What! Irving? thrice welcome, warm heart and fine brain,
  You bring back the happiest spirit from Spain,
  And the gravest sweet humor, that ever were there
  Since Cervantes met death in his gentle despair;
  Nay, don't be embarrassed, nor look so beseeching,--
  I shan't run directly against my own preaching,
  And, having just laughed at their Raphaels and Dantes,
  Go to setting you up beside matchless Cervantes;
  But allow me to speak what I honestly feel,--
  To a true poet-heart add the fun of Dick Steele,
  Throw in all of Addison, _minus_ the chill,
  With the whole of that partnership's stock and good will,
  Mix well, and while stirring, hum o'er, as a spell,
  The fine _old_ English Gentleman, simmer it well,
  Sweeten just to your own private liking, then strain
  That only the finest and clearest remain,
  Let it stand out of doors till a soul it receives
  From the warm lazy sun loitering down through green leaves,
  And you'll find a choice nature, not wholly deserving
  A name either English or Yankee,--just Irving.

    "There goes,--but _stet nominis umbra_,--his name
  You'll be glad enough, some day or other, to claim,
  And will all crowd about him and swear that you knew him
  If some English hack-critic should chance to review him.
  The old _porcos ante ne projiciatis_
  |Margaritas|, for him you have verified gratis;
  What matters his name? Why, it may be Sylvester,
  Judd, Junior, or Junius, Ulysses, or Nestor,
  For aught _I_ know or care; 'tis enough that I look
  On the author of 'Margaret,' the first Yankee book
  With the _soul_ of Down East in 't, and things farther East,
  As far as the threshold of morning, at least,
  Where awaits the fair dawn of the simple and true,
  Of the day that comes slowly to make all things new.
  'T has a smack of pine woods, of bare field and bleak hill
  Such as only the breed of the Mayflower could till;
  The Puritan's shown in it, tough to the core,
  Such as prayed, smiting Agag on red Marston Moor;
  With an unwilling humor, half-choked by the drouth
  In brown hollows about the inhospitable mouth;
  With a soul full of poetry, though it has qualms
  About finding a happiness out of the Psalms;
  Full of tenderness, too, though it shrinks in the dark,
  Hamadryad-like, under the coarse, shaggy bark;
  That sees visions, knows wrestlings of God with the Will,
  And has its own Sinais and thunderings still."

    Here,--"Forgive me, Apollo," I cried, "while I pour
  My heart out to my birthplace: O, loved more and more
  Dear Baystate, from whose rocky bosom thy sons
  Should suck milk, strong-will-giving, brave, such as runs
  In the veins of old Graylock,--who is it that dares
  Call thee peddler, a soul wrapt in bank-books and shares?
  It is false! She's a Poet. I see, as I write,
  Along the far railroad the steam-snake glide white,
  The cataract-throb of her mill-hearts I hear,
  The swift strokes of trip-hammers weary my ear,
  Sledges ring upon anvils, through logs the saw screams,
  Blocks swing to their place, beetles drive home the beams:--
  It is songs such as these that she croons to the din
  Of her fast-flying shuttles, year out and year in,
  While from earth's farthest corner there comes not a breeze
  But wafts her the buzz of her gold-gleaning bees:
  What tho' those horn hands have as yet found small time
  For painting and sculpture and music and rhyme?
  These will come in due order, the need that prest sorest
  Was to vanquish the seasons, the ocean, the forest,
  To bridle and harness the rivers, the steam,
  Making that whirl her mill-wheels, this tug in her team,
  To vassalize old tyrant Winter, and make
  Him delve surlily for her on river and lake;--
  When this New World was parted, she strove not to shirk
  Her lot in the heirdom, the tough, silent Work,
  The hero-share ever, from Herakles down
  To Odin, the Earth's iron sceptre and crown;
  Yes, thou dear, noble Mother! if ever men's praise
  Could be claimed for creating heroical lays,
  Thou hast won it; if ever the laurel divine
  Crowned the Maker and Builder, that glory is thine!
  Thy songs are right epic, they tell how this rude
  Rock-rib of our earth here was tamed and subdued;
  Thou hast written them plain on the face of the planet
  In brave, deathless letters of iron and granite;
  Thou hast printed them deep for all time; they are set
  From the same runic type-fount and alphabet
  With thy stout Berkshire hills and the arms of thy Bay,--
  They are staves from the burly old Mayflower lay.
  If the drones of the Old World, in querulous ease,
  Ask thy Art and thy Letters, point proudly to these,
  Or, if they deny these are Letters and Art,
  Toil on with the same old invincible heart;
  Thou art rearing the pedestal broad-based and grand
  Whereon the fair shapes of the Artist shall stand,
  And creating, through labors undaunted and long,
  The theme for all Sculpture and Painting and Song!

    "But my good mother Baystate wants no praise of mine,
  She learned from _her_ mother a precept divine
  About something that butters no parsnips, her _forte_
  In another direction lies, work is her sport,
  (Though she'll curtsey and set her cap straight, that she will,
  If you talk about Plymouth and one Bunker's hill.)
  Dear, notable goodwife! by this time of night,
  Her hearth is swept clean, and her fire burning bright,
  And she sits in a chair (of home plan and make) rocking,
  Musing much, all the while, as she darns on a stocking,
  Whether turkeys will come pretty high next Thanksgiving,
  Whether flour'll be so dear, for, as sure as she's living,
  She will use rye-and-injun then, whether the pig
  By this time ain't got pretty tolerable big,
  And whether to sell it outright will be best,
  Or to smoke hams and shoulders and salt down the rest,--
  At this minute, she'd swop all my verses, ah, cruel!
  For the last patent stove that is saving of fuel;
  So I'll just let Apollo go on, for his phiz
  Shows I've kept him awaiting too long as it is."

    "If our friend, there, who seems a reporter, is done
  With his burst of emotion, why, _I_ will go on,"
  Said Apollo; some smiled, and, indeed, I must own
  There was something sarcastic, perhaps, in his tone:--

    "There's Holmes, who is matchless among you for wit;
  A Leyden-jar always full-charged, from which flit
  The electrical tingles of hit after hit;
  In long poems 'tis painful sometimes and invites
  A thought of the way the new Telegraph writes,
  Which pricks down its little sharp sentences spitefully
  As if you got more than you'd title to rightfully,
  And you find yourself hoping its wild father Lightning
  Would flame in for a second and give you a fright'ning.
  He has perfect sway of what _I_ call a sham metre,
  But many admire it, the English pentameter,
  And Campbell, I think, wrote most commonly worse,
  With less nerve, swing, and fire in the same kind of verse,
  Nor e'er achieved aught in 't so worthy of praise
  As the tribute of Holmes to the grand _Marseillaise_.
  You went crazy last year over Bulwer's New Timon;--
  Why, if B., to the day of his dying, should rhyme on,
  Heaping verses on verses and tomes upon tomes,
  He could ne'er reach the best point and vigor of Holmes.
  His are just the fine hands, too, to weave you a lyric
  Full of fancy, fun, feeling, or spiced with satyric
  In a measure so kindly, you doubt if the toes
  That are trodden upon are your own or your foes'.

    "There is Lowell, who's striving Parnassus to climb
  With a whole bale of _isms_ tied together with rhyme,
  He might get on alone, spite of brambles and boulders,
  But he can't with that bundle he has on his shoulders,
  The top of the hill he will ne'er come nigh reaching
  Till he learns the distinction 'twixt singing and preaching;
  His lyre has some chords that would ring pretty well,
  But he'd rather by half make a drum of the shell,
  And rattle away till he's old as Methusalem,
  At the head of a march to the last new Jerusalem.

    "There goes Halleck, whose Fanny's a pseudo Don Juan,
  With the wickedness out that gave salt to the true one,
  He's a wit, though, I hear, of the very first order,
  And once made a pun on the words soft Recorder;
  More than this, he's a very great poet, I'm told,
  And has had his works published in crimson and gold,
  With something they call 'Illustrations,' to wit,
  Like those with which Chapman obscured Holy Writ,[E]
  Which are said to illustrate, because, as I view it,
  Like _lucus a non_, they precisely don't do it;
  Let a man who can write what himself understands
  Keep clear, if he can, of designing men's hands,
  Who bury the sense, if there's any worth having,
  And then very honestly call it engraving.
  But, to quit _badinage_, which there isn't much wit in,
  Halleck's better, I doubt not, than all he has written;
  In his verse a clear glimpse you will frequently find,
  If not of a great, of a fortunate mind,
  Which contrives to be true to its natural loves
  In a world of back-offices, ledgers, and stoves.
  When his heart breaks away from the brokers and banks,
  And kneels in its own private shrine to give thanks,
  There's a genial manliness in him that earns
  Our sincerest respect, (read, for instance, his 'Burns,')
  And we can't but regret (seek excuse where we may)
  That so much of a man has been peddled away.

  [Footnote E: (Cuts rightly called wooden, as all must admit.)]

    "But what's that? a mass-meeting? No, there come in lots
  The American Disraelis, Bulwers, and Scotts,
  And in short the American everything-elses,
  Each charging the others with envies and jealousies;--
  By the way, 'tis a fact that displays what profusions
  Of all kinds of greatness bless free institutions,
  That while the Old World has produced barely eight
  Of such poets as all men agree to call great,
  And of other great characters hardly a score,
  (One might safely say less than that rather than more,)
  With you every year a whole crop is begotten,
  They're as much of a staple as corn is, or cotton;
  Why, there's scarcely a huddle of log-huts and shanties
  That has not brought forth its own Miltons and Dantes;
  I myself know ten Byrons, one Coleridge, three Shelleys,
  Two Raphaels, six Titians, (I think) one Apelles,
  Leonardos and Rubenses plenty as lichens,
  One (but that one is plenty) American Dickens,
  A whole flock of Lambs, any number of Tennysons,--
  In short, if a man has the luck to have any sons,
  He may feel pretty certain that one out of twain
  Will be some very great person over again.
  There is one inconvenience in all this which lies
  In the fact that by contrast we estimate size,[F]
  And, where there are none except Titans, great stature
  Is only a simple proceeding of nature.
  What puff the strained sails of your praise shall you furl at, if
  The calmest degree that you know is superlative?
  At Rome, all whom Charon took into his wherry must,
  As a matter of course, be well _issimus_ed and _errimus_ed,
  A Greek, too, could feel, while in that famous boat he tost,
  That his friends would take care he was ιστος(istos-)ed and ωτατος(ôtatos-)ed,
  And formerly we, as through graveyards we past,
  Thought the world went from bad to worse fearfully fast;
  Let us glance for a moment, 'tis well worth the pains,
  And note what an average graveyard contains.
  There lie levellers levelled, duns done up themselves,
  There are booksellers finally laid on their shelves,
  Horizontally there lie upright politicians,
  Dose-a-dose with their patients sleep faultless physicians,
  There are slave-drivers quietly whipt underground,
  There bookbinders, done up in boards, are fast bound,
  There card-players wait till the last trump be played,
  There all the choice spirits get finally laid,
  There the babe that's unborn is supplied with a berth,
  There men without legs get their six feet of earth,
  There lawyers repose, each wrapt up in his case,
  There seekers of office are sure of a place,
  There defendant and plaintiff get equally cast,
  There shoemakers quietly stick to the last,
  There brokers at length become silent as stocks,
  There stage-drivers sleep without quitting their box,
  And so forth and so forth and so forth and so on,
  With this kind of stuff one might endlessly go on;
  To come to the point, I may safely assert you
  Will find in each yard every cardinal virtue;[G]
  Each has six truest patriots: four discoverers of ether,
  Who never had thought on't nor mentioned it either:
  Ten poets, the greatest who ever wrote rhyme:
  Two hundred and forty first men of their time:
  One person whose portrait just gave the least hint
  Its original had a most horrible squint:
  One critic, most (what do they call it?) reflective,
  Who never had used the phrase ob- or subjective;
  Forty fathers of Freedom, of whom twenty bred
  Their sons for the rice-swamps, at so much a head,
  And their daughters for--faugh! thirty mothers of Gracchi:
  Non-resistants who gave many a spiritual black eye:
  Eight true friends of their kind, one of whom was a jailer:
  Four captains almost as astounding as Taylor:
  Two dozen of Italy's exiles who shoot us his
  Kaisership daily, stern pen-and-ink Brutuses,
  Who, in Yankee back-parlors, with crucified smile,[H]
  Mount serenely their country's funereal pile:
  Ninety-nine Irish heroes, ferocious rebellers
  'Gainst the Saxon in cis-marine garrets and cellars,
  Who shake their dread fists o'er the sea and all that,--
  As long as a copper drops into the hat:
  Nine hundred Teutonic republicans stark
  From Vaterland's battles just won--in the Park,
  Who the happy profession of martyrdom take
  Whenever it gives them a chance at a steak:
  Sixty-two second Washingtons: two or three Jacksons:
  And so many everythings else that it racks one's
  Poor memory too much to continue the list,
  Especially now they no longer exist;--
  I would merely observe that you've taken to giving
  The puffs that belong to the dead to the living,
  And that somehow your trump-of-contemporary-doom's tones
  Is tuned after old dedications and tombstones."--

  [Footnote F:
     That is in most cases we do, but not all,
     Past a doubt, there are men who are innately small,
     Such as Blank, who, without being 'minished a tittle,
     Might stand for a type of the Absolute Little.]

  [Footnote G:
     (And at this just conclusion will surely arrive,
     That the goodness of earth is more dead than alive.)]

  [Footnote H:
      Not forgetting their tea and their toast, though, the while.]

    Here the critic came in and a thistle presented[I]--
  From a frown to a smile the god's features relented,
  As he stared at his envoy, who, swelling with pride,
  To the god's asking look, nothing daunted, replied,
  "You're surprised, I suppose, I was absent so long
  But your godship respecting the lilies was wrong;
  I hunted the garden from one end to t' other,
  And got no reward but vexation and bother,
  Till, tossed out with weeds in a corner to wither,
  This one lily I found and made haste to bring hither."

  [Footnote I:
     Turn back now to page--goodness only knows what,
     And take a fresh hold on the thread of my plot.]

    "Did he think I had given him a book to review?
  I ought to have known what the fellow would do,"
  Muttered Phœbus aside, "for a thistle will pass
  Beyond doubt for the queen of all flowers with an ass;
  He has chosen in just the same way as he'd choose
  His specimens out of the books he reviews;
  And now, as this offers an excellent text,
  I'll give 'em some brief hints on criticism next."
  So, musing a moment, he turned to the crowd,
  And, clearing his voice, spoke as follows aloud:--

    "My friends, in the happier days of the muse,
  We were luckily free from such things as reviews,
  Then naught came between with its fog to make clearer
  The heart of the poet to that of his hearer;
  Then the poet brought heaven to the people, and they
  Felt that they, too, were poets in hearing his lay;
  Then the poet was prophet, the past in his soul
  Pre-created the future, both parts of one whole;
  Then for him there was nothing too great or too small,
  For one natural deity sanctified all;
  Then the bard owned no clipper and meter of moods
  Save the spirit of silence that hovers and broods
  O'er the seas and the mountains, the rivers and woods
  He asked not earth's verdict, forgetting the clods,
  His soul soared and sang to an audience of gods.
  'Twas for them that he measured the thought and the line,
  And shaped for their vision the perfect design,
  With as glorious a foresight, a balance as true,
  As swung out the worlds in the infinite blue;
  Then a glory and greatness invested man's heart,
  The universal, which now stands estranged and apart,
  In the free individual moulded, was Art;
  Then the forms of the Artist seemed thrilled with desire
  For something as yet unattained, fuller, higher,
  As once with her lips, lifted hands, and eyes listening,
  And her whole upward soul in her countenance glistening,
  Eurydice stood--like a beacon unfired,
  Which, once touch'd with flame, will leap heav'nward inspired--
  And waited with answering kindle to mark
  The first gleam of Orpheus that pained the red Dark.
  Then painting, song, sculpture, did more than relieve
  The need that men feel to create and believe,
  And as, in all beauty, who listens with love,
  Hears these words oft repeated--'beyond and above,'
  So these seemed to be but the visible sign
  Of the grasp of the soul after things more divine;
  They were ladders the Artist erected to climb
  O'er the narrow horizon of space and of time,
  And we see there the footsteps by which men had gained
  To the one rapturous glimpse of the never-attained,
  As shepherds could erst sometimes trace in the sod
  The last spurning print of a sky-cleaving god.

    "But now, on the poet's dis-privacied moods
  With _do this_ and _do that_ the pert critic intrudes;
  While he thinks he's been barely fulfilling his duty
  To interpret 'twixt men and their own sense of beauty,
  And has striven, while others sought honor or pelf,
  To make his kind happy as he was himself,
  He finds he's been guilty of horrid offences
  In all kinds of moods, numbers, genders, and tenses;
  He's been _ob_ and _sub_jective, what Kettle calls Pot,
  Precisely, at all events, what he ought not,
  _You have done this_, says one judge; _done that_, says another;
  _You should have done this_, grumbles one; _that_, says t' other;
  Never mind what he touches, one shrieks out _Taboo!_
  And while he is wondering what he shall do,
  Since each suggests opposite topics for song,
  They all shout together _you're right!_ and _you're wrong!_

    "Nature fits all her children with something to do,
  He who would write and can't write, can surely review,
  Can set up a small booth as critic and sell us his
  Petty conceit and his pettier jealousies;
  Thus a lawyer's apprentice, just out of his teens,
  Will do for the Jeffrey of six magazines;
  Having read Johnson's lives of the poets half through,
  There's nothing on earth he's not competent to;
  He reviews with as much nonchalance as he whistles,--
  He goes through a book and just picks out the thistles,
  It matters not whether he blame or commend,
  If he's bad as a foe, he's far worse as a friend;
  Let an author but write what's above his poor scope,
  And he'll go to work gravely and twist up a rope,
  And, inviting the world to see punishment done,
  Hang himself up to bleach in the wind and the sun;
  'Tis delightful to see, when a man comes along
  Who has anything in him peculiar and strong,
  Every cockboat that swims clear its fierce (pop) gundeck at him
  And make as he passes its ludicrous Peck at him,"--

  Here Miranda came up and began, "As to that,"--
  Apollo at once seized his gloves, cane, and hat,
  And, seeing the place getting rapidly cleared,
  I, too, snatched my notes and forthwith disappeared.




                          THE BIGLOW PAPERS.




                   NOTICES OF AN INDEPENDENT PRESS.


[I have observed, reader, (bene- or male-volent, as it may happen,) that
it is customary to append to the second editions of books, and to the
second works of authors, short sentences commendatory of the first,
under the title of _Notices of the Press_. These, I have been given to
understand, are procurable at certain established rates, payment being
made either in money or advertising patronage by the publisher, or by an
adequate outlay of servility on the part of the author. Considering
these things with myself, and also that such notices are neither
intended, nor generally believed, to convey any real opinions, being a
purely ceremonial accompaniment of literature, and resembling
certificates to the virtues of various morbiferal panaceas, I conceived
that it would be not only more economical to prepare a sufficient number
of such myself, but also more immediately subservient to the end in view
to prefix them to this our primary edition rather than await the
contingency of a second, when they would seem to be of small utility. To
delay attaching the _bobs_ until the second attempt at flying the kite,
would indicate but a slender experience in that useful art. Neither has
it escaped my notice, nor failed to afford me matter of reflection,
that, when a circus or a caravan is about to visit Jaalam, the initial
step is to send forward large and highly ornamented bills of performance
to be hung in the bar-room and the post-office. These having been
sufficiently gazed at, and beginning to lose their attractiveness except
for the flies, and, truly, the boys also, (in whom I find it impossible
to repress, even during school-hours, certain oral and telegraphic
communications concerning the expected show,) upon some fine morning the
band enters in a gayly-painted wagon, or triumphal chariot, and with
noisy advertisement, by means of brass, wood, and sheepskin, makes the
circuit of our startled village-streets. Then, as the exciting sounds
draw nearer and nearer, do I desiderate those eyes of Aristarchus,
"whose looks were as a breeching to a boy." Then do I perceive, with
vain regret of wasted opportunities, the advantage of a pancratic or
pantechnic education, since he is most reverenced by my little subjects
who can throw the cleanest summerset or walk most securely upon the
revolving cask. The story of the Pied Piper becomes for the first time
credible to me, (albeit confirmed by the Hameliners dating their legal
instruments from the period of his exit,) as I behold how those strains,
without pretence of magical potency, bewitch the pupillary legs, nor
leave to the pedagogic an entire self-control. For these reasons, lest
my kingly prerogative should suffer diminution, I prorogue my restless
commons, whom I also follow into the street, chiefly lest some mischief
may chance befall them. After the manner of such a band, I send forward
the following notices of domestic manufacture, to make brazen
proclamation, not unconscious of the advantage which will accrue, if our
little craft, _cymbula sutilis_, shall seem to leave port with a
clipping breeze, and to carry, in nautical phrase, a bone in her mouth.
Nevertheless, I have chosen, as being more equitable, to prepare some
also sufficiently objurgatory, that readers of every taste may find a
dish to their palate. I have modelled them upon actually existing
specimens, preserved in my own cabinet of natural curiosities. One, in
particular, I had copied with tolerable exactness from a notice of one
of my own discourses, which, from its superior tone and appearance of
vast experience, I concluded to have been written by a man at least
three hundred years of age, though I recollected no existing instance of
such antediluvian longevity. Nevertheless, I afterwards discovered the
author to be a young gentleman preparing for the ministry under the
direction of one of my brethren in a neighboring town, and whom I had
once instinctively corrected in a Latin quantity. But this I have been
forced to omit, from its too great length.--H. W.]


                _From the Universal Littery Universe._

Full of passages which rivet the attention of the reader.... Under a
rustic garb, sentiments are conveyed which should be committed to the
memory and engraven on the heart of every moral and social being.... We
consider this a _unique_ performance.... We hope to see it soon
introduced into our common schools.... Mr. Wilbur has performed his
duties as editor with excellent taste and judgment.... This is a vein
which we hope to see successfully prosecuted.... We hail the appearance
of this work as a long stride toward the formation of a purely
aboriginal, indigenous, native, and American literature. We rejoice to
meet with an author national enough to break away from the slavish
deference, too common among us, to English grammar and orthography....
Where all is so good, we are at a loss how to make extracts.... On the
whole, we may call it a volume which no library, pretending to entire
completeness, should fail to place upon its shelves.


           _From the Higginbottomopolis Snapping-turtle._

A collection of the merest balderdash and doggerel that it was ever our
bad fortune to lay eyes on. The author is a vulgar buffoon, and the
editor a talkative, tedious old fool. We use strong language, but should
any of our readers peruse the book, (from which calamity Heaven preserve
them!) they will find reasons for it thick as the leaves of
Vallumbrozer, or, to use a still more expressive comparison, as the
combined heads of author and editor. The work is wretchedly got up....
We should like to know how much _British gold_ was pocketed by this
libeller of our country and her purest patriots.


                  _From the Oldfogrumville Mentor._

We have not had time to do more than glance through this handsomely
printed volume, but the name of its respectable editor, the Rev. Mr.
Wilbur, of Jaalam, will afford a sufficient guaranty for the worth of
its contents.... The paper is white, the type clear, and the volume of a
convenient and attractive size.... In reading this elegantly executed
work, it has seemed to us that a passage or two might have been
retrenched with advantage, and that the general style of diction was
susceptible of a higher polish.... On the whole, we may safely leave the
ungrateful task of criticism to the reader. We will barely suggest, that
in volumes intended, as this is, for the illustration of a provincial
dialect and turns of expression, a dash of humor or satire might be
thrown in with advantage.... The work is admirably got up.... This work
will form an appropriate ornament to the centre-table. It is beautifully
printed, on paper of an excellent quality.


                      _From the Dekay Bulwark._

We should be wanting in our duty as the conductor of that tremendous
engine, a public press, as an American, and as a man, did we allow such
an opportunity as is presented to us by "The Biglow Papers" to pass by
without entering our earnest protest against such attempts (now, alas!
too common) at demoralizing the public sentiment. Under a wretched mask
of stupid drollery, slavery, war, the social glass, and, in short, all
the valuable and time-honored institutions justly dear to our common
humanity and especially to republicans, are made the butt of coarse and
senseless ribaldry by this low-minded scribbler. It is time that the
respectable and religious portion of our community should be aroused to
the alarming inroads of foreign Jacobinism, sans-culottism, and
infidelity. It is a fearful proof of the wide-spread nature of this
contagion, that these secret stabs at religion and virtue are given from
under the cloak (_credite, posteri!_) of a clergyman. It is a mournful
spectacle indeed to the patriot and Christian to see liberality and new
ideas (falsely so called,--they are as old as Eden) invading the sacred
precincts of the pulpit.... On the whole, we consider this volume as one
of the first shocking results which we predicted would spring out of the
late French "Revolution" (!).


         _From the Bungtown Copper and Comprehensive Tocsin_
                   (_a try-weakly family journal_).

Altogether an admirable work.... Full of humor, boisterous, but
delicate--of wit withering and scorching, yet combined with a pathos
cool as morning dew,--of satire ponderous as the mace of Richard, yet
keen as the scymitar of Saladin.... A work full of "mountain-mirth,"
mischievous as Puck and lightsome as Ariel.... We know not whether to
admire most the genial, fresh, and discursive concinnity of the author,
or his playful fancy, weird imagination, and compass of style, at once
both objective and subjective.... We might indulge in some criticisms,
but were the author other than he is, he would be a different being. As
it is, he has a wonderful _pose_, which flits from flower to flower, and
bears the reader irresistibly along on its eagle pinions (like Ganymede)
to the "highest heaven of invention."... We love a book so purely
objective.... Many of his pictures of natural scenery have an
extraordinary subjective clearness and fidelity.... In fine, we consider
this as one of the most extraordinary volumes of this or any age. We
know of no English author who could have written it. It is a work to
which the proud genius of our country, standing with one foot on the
Aroostook and the other on the Rio Grande, and holding up the
star-spangled banner amid the wreck of matter and the crush of worlds,
may point with bewildering scorn of the punier efforts of enslaved
Europe.... We hope soon to encounter our author among those higher walks
of literature in which he is evidently capable of achieving enduring
fame. Already we should be inclined to assign him a high position in the
bright galaxy of our American bards.


           _From the Saltriver Pilot and Flag of Freedom._

A volume in bad grammar and worse taste.... While the pieces here
collected were confined to their appropriate sphere in the corners of
obscure newspapers, we considered them wholly beneath contempt, but, as
the author has chosen to come forward in this public manner, he must
expect the lash he so richly merits.... Contemptible slanders.... Vilest
Billingsgate.... Has raked all the gutters of our language.... The most
pure, upright, and consistent politicians not safe from his malignant
venom.... General Cushing comes in for a share of his vile calumnies....
The _Reverend_ Homer Wilbur is a disgrace to his cloth....


            _From the World-Harmonic-Æolian-Attachment._

Speech is silver: silence is golden. No utterance more Orphic than this.
While, therefore, as highest author, we reverence him whose works
continue heroically unwritten, we have also our hopeful word for those
who with pen (from wing of goose loud-cackling, or seraph
God-commissioned) record the thing that is revealed.... Under mask of
quaintest irony, we detect here the deep, storm-tost (nigh shipwracked)
soul, thunder-scarred, semiarticulate, but ever climbing hopefully
toward the peaceful summits of an Infinite Sorrow.... Yes, thou poor,
forlorn Hosea, with Hebrew fire-flaming soul in thee, for thee also this
life of ours has not been without its aspects of heavenliest pity and
laughingest mirth. Conceivable enough! Through coarse Thersites-cloak,
we have revelation of the heart, wild-glowing, world-clasping, that is
in him. Bravely he grapples with the life-problem as it presents itself
to him, uncombed, shaggy, careless of the "nicer proprieties," inexpert
of "elegant diction," yet with voice audible enough to whoso hath ears,
up there on the gravelly side-hills, or down on the splashy,
Indiarubber-like salt-marshes of native Jaalam. To this soul also the
_Necessity of Creating_ somewhat has unveiled its awful front. If not
Œdipuses and Electras and Alcestices, then in God's name Birdofredum
Sawins! These also shall get born into the world, and filch (if so need)
a Zingali subsistence therein, these lank, omnivorous Yankees of his. He
shall paint the Seen, since the Unseen will not sit to him. Yet in him
also are Nibelungen-lays, and Iliads, and Ulysses-wanderings, and Divine
Comedies,--if only once he could come at them! Therein lies much, nay
all; for what truly is this which we name _All_, but that which we do
_not_ possess?... Glimpses also are given us of an old father Ezekiel,
not without paternal pride, as is the wont of such. A brown,
parchment-hided old man of the geoponic or bucolic species, gray-eyed,
we fancy, _queued_ perhaps, with much weather-cunning and plentiful
September-gale memories, bidding fair in good time to become the Oldest
Inhabitant. After such hasty apparition, he vanishes and is seen no
more.... Of "Rev. Homer Wilbur, A. M., Pastor of the First Church in
Jaalam," we have small care to speak here. Spare touch in him of his
Melesigenes namesake, save, haply, the--blindness! A tolerably
caliginose, nephelegeretous elderly gentleman, with infinite faculty of
sermonizing, muscularized by long practice, and excellent digestive
apparatus, and, for the rest, well-meaning enough, and with small
private illuminations (somewhat tallowy, it is to be feared) of his own.
To him, there, "Pastor of the First Church in Jaalam," our Hosea
presents himself as a quite inexplicable Sphinx-riddle. A rich poverty
of Latin and Greek,--so far is clear enough, even to eyes peering myopic
through horn-lensed editorial spectacles,--but naught farther? O
purblind, well-meaning, altogether fuscous Melesigenes-Wilbur, there are
things in him incommunicable by stroke of birch! Did it ever enter that
old bewildered head of thine that there was the _Possibility of the
Infinite_ in him? To thee, quite wingless (and even featherless) biped,
has not so much even as a dream of wings ever come?  "Talented young
parishioner"? Among the Arts whereof thou art _Magister_, does that of
seeing happen to be one? Unhappy _Artium Magister_! Somehow a Nemean
lion, fulvous, torrid-eyed, dry-nursed in broad-howling
sand-wildernesses of a sufficiently rare spirit-Libya (it may be
supposed) has got whelped among the sheep. Already he stands
wild-glaring, with feet clutching the ground as with oak-roots,
gathering for a Remus-spring over the walls of thy little fold. In
Heaven's name, go not near him with that flybite crook of thine! In good
time, thou painful preacher, thou wilt go to the appointed place of
departed Artillery-Election Sermons, Right-Hands of Fellowship, and
Results of Councils, gathered to thy spiritual fathers with much Latin
of the Epitaphial sort; thou, too, shalt have thy reward; but on him the
Eumenides have looked, not Xantippes of the pit, snake-tressed,
finger-threatening, but radiantly calm as on antique gems; for him paws
impatient the winged courser of the gods, champing unwelcome bit; him
the starry deeps, the empyrean glooms, and far-flashing splendors await.


                   _From the Onion Grove Phœnix._

A talented young townsman of ours, recently returned from a Continental
tour, and who is already favorably known to our readers by his sprightly
letters from abroad which have graced our columns, called at our office
yesterday. We learn from him, that, having enjoyed the distinguished
privilege, while in Germany, of an introduction to the celebrated Von
Humbug, he took the opportunity to present that eminent man with a copy
of the "Biglow Papers." The next morning he received the following note,
which he has kindly furnished us for publication. We prefer to print it
_verbatim_, knowing that our readers will readily forgive the few errors
into which the illustrious writer has fallen, through ignorance of our
language.

     "|High-Worthy Mister|!

     "I shall also now especially happy starve, because I have
     more or less a work of one those aboriginal Red-Men seen in
     which I have so deaf an interest ever taken fullworthy on
     the self shelf with our Gottsched to be upset.

     "Pardon my in the English-speech unpractice!

                                                  "|Von Humbug.|"

He also sent with the above note a copy of his famous work on
"Cosmetics," to be presented to Mr. Biglow; but this was taken from our
friend by the English custom-house officers, probably through a petty
national spite. No doubt, it has by this time found its way into the
British Museum. We trust this outrage will be exposed in all our
American papers. We shall do our best to bring it to the notice of the
State Department. Our numerous readers will share in the pleasure we
experience at seeing our young and vigorous national literature thus
encouragingly patted on the head by this venerable and world-renowned
German. We love to see these reciprocations of good-feeling between the
different branches of the great Anglo-Saxon race.

[The following genuine "notice" having met my eye I gladly insert a
portion of it here, the more especially as it contains one of Mr.
Biglow's poems not elsewhere printed.--H. W.]


              _From the Jaalam Independent Blunderbuss._

... But, while we lament to see our young townsman thus mingling in the
heated contests of party politics, we think we detect in him the
presence of talents which, if properly directed, might give an innocent
pleasure to many. As a proof that he is competent to the production of
other kinds of poetry, we copy for our readers a short fragment of a
pastoral by him, the manuscript of which was loaned us by a friend. The
title of it is "The Courtin'."

  Zekle crep' up, quite unbeknown,
    An' peeked in thru the winder,
  An' there sot Huldy all alone,
   'ith no one nigh to hender.

  Agin' the chimbly crooknecks hung,
    An' in amongst 'em rusted
  The ole queen's-arm thet gran'ther Young
    Fetched back frum Concord busted.

  The wannut logs shot sparkles out
    Towards the pootiest, bless her!
  An' leetle fires danced all about
    The chiny on the dresser.

  The very room, coz she wuz in,
    Looked warm frum floor to ceilin',
  An' she looked full ez rosy agin
    Ez th' apples she wuz peelin'.

  She heerd a foot an' knowed it, tu,
    Araspin' on the scraper,--
  All ways to once her feelins flew
    Like sparks in burnt-up paper.

  He kin' o' l'itered on the mat,
    Some doubtfle o' the seekle;
  His heart kep' goin' pitypat,
    But hern went pity Zekle.

  An' yet she gin her cheer a jerk
    Ez though she wished him furder,
  An' on her apples kep' to work
    Ez ef a wager spurred her.

  "You want to see my Pa, I spose?"
   "Wal, no; I come designin'--"
  "To see my Ma? She's sprinklin' clo'es
    Agin tomorrow's i'nin'."

  He stood a spell on one foot fust
    Then stood a spell on tother,
  An' on which one he felt the wust
    He couldn't ha' told ye, nuther.

  Sez he, "I'd better call agin;"
    Sez she, "think likely, _Mister_;"
  The last word pricked him like a pin,
    An'--wal, he up and kist her.

  When Ma bimeby upon 'em slips,
    Huldy sot pale ez ashes,
  All kind o' smily round the lips
    An' teary round the lashes.

  Her blood riz quick, though, like the tide
    Down to the Bay o' Fundy,
  An' all I know is they wuz cried
    In meetin', come nex Sunday.




Satis multis sese emptores futuros libri professis, Georgius Nichols,
Cantabrigiensis, opus emittet de parte gravi sed adhuc neglecta historiæ
naturalis, cum titulo sequenti, videlicet:

_Conatus ad Delineationem naturalem nonnihil perfectiorem Scarabœi
Bombilatoris, vulgo dicti_ |Humbug|, ab |Homero Wilbur|, Artium
Magistro, Societatis historico-naturalis Jaalamensis Præside,
(Secretario, Socioque (eheu!) singulo,) multarumque aliarum Societatum
eruditarum (sive ineruditarum) tarn domesticarum quam transmarinarum
Socio--forsitan futuro.




                             PROEMIUM.

|Lectori Benevolo S.|


Toga scholastica nondum deposita, quum systemata varia entomologica, a
viris ejus scientiæ cultoribus studiosissimis summa diligentia
ædificata, penitus indagâssem, non fuit quin luctuose omnibus in iis,
quamvis aliter laude dignissimis, hiatum magni momenti perciperem. Tunc,
nescio quo motu superiore impulsus, aut qua captus dulcedine operis, ad
eum implendum (Curtius alter) me solemniter devovi. Nec ab isto labore,
δαιμονίως imposito, abstinui antequam tractatulum sufficienter
inconcinnum lingua vernacula perfeceram. Inde, juveniliter tumefactus,
et barathro ineptiæ τῶν βιβλιοπωλῶν (necnon "Publici Legentis") nusquam
explorato, me composuisse quod quasi placentas præfervidas (ut sic
dicam) homines ingurgitarent credidi. Sed, quum huic et alio bibliopolæ
MSS. mea submisissem et nihil solidius responsione valde negativa in
Musæum meum retulissem, horror ingens atque misericordia, ob
crassitudinem Lambertianam in cerebris homunculorum istius muneris
cœlesti quadam ira infixam, me invasere. Extemplo mei solius impensis
librum edere decrevi, nihil omnino dubitans quin "Mundus Scientificus"
(ut aiunt) crumenam meam ampliter repleret. Nullam, attamen, ex agro
illo meo parvulo segetem demessui, præter gaudium vacuum bene de
Republica merendi. Iste panis meus pretiosus super aquas literarias
fæculentas præfidenter jactus, quasi Harpyiarum quarundam (scilicet
bibliopolarum istorum facinorosorum supradictorum) tactu rancidus, intra
perpaucos dies mihi domum rediit. Et, quum ipse tali victu ali non
tolerarem, primum in mentem venit pistori (typographo nempe) nihilominus
solvendum esse. Animum non idcirco demisi, imo æque ac pueri naviculas
suas penes se lino retinent (eo ut e recto cursu delapsas ad ripam
retrahant), sic ego Argô meam chartaceam fluctibus laborantem a quæsitu
velleris aurei, ipse potius tonsus pelleque exutus, mente solida
revocavi. Metaphoram ut mutem, _boomarangam_ meam a scopo aberrantem
retraxi, dum majore vi, occasione ministrante, adversus Fortunam
intorquerem. Ast mihi, talia volventi, et, sicut Saturnus ille
παιδοβόρος, liberos intellectus mei depascere fidenti, casus miserandus,
nec antea inauditus, supervenit. Nam, ut ferunt Scythas pietatis causa
et parsimoniæ, parentes suos mortuos devorâsse, sic filius hic meus
primogenitus, Scythis ipsis minus mansuetus, patrem vivum totum et
calcitrantem exsorbere enixus est. Nec tamen hac de causa sobolem meam
esurientem exheredavi. Sed famem istam pro valido testimonio virilitatis
roborisque potius habui, cibumque ad eam satiandam, salva paterna mea
carne, petii. Et quia bilem illam scaturientem ad æs etiam concoquendum
idoneam esse estimabam, unde æs alienum, ut minoris pretii, haberem,
circumspexi. Rebus ita se habentibus, ab avunculo meo Johanne Doolittle,
Armigero, impetravi ut pecunias necessarias suppeditaret, ne opus esset
mihi universitatem relinquendi antequam ad gradum primum in artibus
pervenissem. Tunc ego, salvum facere patronum meum munificum maxime
cupiens, omnes libros primæ editionis operis mei non venditos una cum
privilegio in omne ævum ejusdem imprimendi et edendi avunculo meo dicto
pigneravi. Ex illo die, atro lapide notando, curæ vociferantes familiæ
singulis annis crescentis eo usque insultabant ut nunquam tam carum
pignus e vinculis istis aheneis solvere possem.

Avunculo vero nuper mortuo, quum inter alios consanguineos testamenti
ejus lectionem audiendi causa advenissem, erectis auribus verba talia
sequentia accepi:--"Quoniam persuasum habeo meum dilectum nepotem
Homerum, longa et intima rerum angustarum domi experientia, aptissimum
esse qui divitias tueatur, beneficenterque ac prudenter iis divinis
creditis utatur,--ergo, motus hisce cogitationibus, exque amore meo in
ilium magno, do, legoque nepoti caro meo supranominato omnes
singularesque istas possessiones nec ponderabiles nec computabiles meas
quæ sequuntur, scilicet: quingentos libros quos mihi pigneravit dictus
Homerus, anno lucis 1792, cum privilegio edendi et repetendi opus istud
'scientificum' (quod dicunt) suum, si sic elegerit. Tamen D. O. M.
precor oculos Homeri nepotis mei ita aperiat eumque moveat, ut libros
istos in bibliotheca unius e plurimis castellis suis Hispaniensibus tuto
abscondat."

His verbis (vix credibilibus) auditis, cor meum in pectore exsultavit.
Deinde, quoniam tractatus Anglice scriptus spem auctoris fefellerat,
quippe quum studium Historiæ Naturalis in Republica nostra inter
factionis strepitum languescat, Latine versum edere statui, et eo potius
quia nescio quomodo disciplina academica et duo diplomata proficiant,
nisi quod peritos linguarum omnino mortuarum (et damnandarum, ut dicebat
iste πανοῦργος Gulielmus Cobbett) nos faciant.

Et mihi adhuc superstes est tota ilia editio prima, quam quasi
crepitaculum per quod dentes caninos dentibam retineo.




                        OPERIS SPECIMEN.

    (_Ad exemplum Johannis Physiophili speciminis Monachologiæ._)

  12. S. B.  _Militaris_, |Wilbur|.  _Carnifex_, |Jablonsk|.  _Profanus_,
                           |Desfont|.


[Male hancce speciem _Cyclopem_ Fabricius vocat, ut qui singulo oculo ad
quod sui interest distinguitur. Melius vero Isaacus Outis nullum inter
S. milit. S. que Belzebul (Fabric. 152) discrimen esse defendit.]

Habitat civitat. Americ. austral.

Aureis lineis splendidus; plerumque tamen sordidus, utpote lanienas
valde frequentans, fœtore sanguinis allectus. Amat quoque insuper septa
apricari, neque inde, nisi maxima conatione, detruditur. _Candidatus_
ergo populariter vocatus. Caput cristam quasi pennarum ostendit. Pro
cibo vaccam publicam callide mulget; abdomen enorme; facultas suctus
haud facile estimanda. Otiosus, fatuus; ferox nihilominus, semperque
dimicare paratus. Tortuose repit.

Capite sæpe maxima cum cura dissecto, ne illud rudimentum etiam cerebri
commune omnibus prope insectis detegere poteram.

Unam de hoc S. milit. rem singularem notavi; Nam S. Guineens. (Fabric.
143) servos facit, et idcirco a multis summa in reverentia habitus,
quasi scintillas rationis pæne humanæ demonstrans.


24. S. B. _Criticus_, |Wilbur|. _Zoilus_, |Fabric|. _Pigmæus_,
|Carlsen|.

[Stultissime Johannes Stryx cum S. punctato (Fabric. 64-109) confundit.
Specimina quamplurima scrutationi microscopicæ subjeci, nunquam tamen
unum ulla indicia puncti cujusvis prorsus ostendentem inveni.]

Præcipue formidolosus, insectatusque, in proxima rima anonyma sese
abscondit, _we, we_, creberrime stridens. Ineptus, segnipes.

Habitat ubique gentium; in sicco; nidum suum terebratione indefessa
ædificans.  Cibus.  Libros depascit; siccos præcipue.




                       _MELIBŒUS-HIPPONAX._

                                THE

                          |Biglow Papers|,

                               EDITED

              WITH AN INTRODUCTION, NOTES, GLOSSARY, AND
                           COPIOUS INDEX,

                                BY

                        HOMER WILBUR, A.M.,

       PASTOR OF THE FIRST CHURCH IN JAALAM, AND (PROSPECTIVE)
           MEMBER OF MANY LITERARY, LEARNED AND SCIENTIFIC
                            SOCIETIES,

                   (_for which see page 372._)

      The ploughman's whistle, or the trivial flute,
      Finds more respect than great Apollo's lute.
                            _Quarles's Emblems_, b. ii. e. 8.

    Margaritas, munde porcine, calcâsti: en, siliquas accipe.
                            _Jac. Car. Fil. ad Pub. Leg._ § 1.




                         NOTE TO TITLE-PAGE.


It will not have escaped the attentive eye, that I have, on the
title-page, omitted those honorary appendages to the editorial name
which not only add greatly to the value of every book, but whet and
exacerbate the appetite of the reader. For not only does he surmise that
an honorary membership of literary and scientific societies implies a
certain amount of necessary distinction on the part of the recipient of
such decorations, but he is willing to trust himself more entirely to an
author who writes under the fearful responsibility of involving the
reputation of such bodies as the _S. Archœl. Dahom._, or the _Acad.
Lit. et Scient. Kamtschat._ I cannot but think that the early editions
of Shakspeare and Milton would have met with more rapid and general
acceptance, but for the barrenness of their respective title-pages; and
I believe, that, even now, a publisher of the works of either of those
justly distinguished men would find his account in procuring their
admission to the membership of learned bodies on the Continent,--a
proceeding no whit more incongruous than the reversal of the judgment
against Socrates, when he was already more than twenty centuries beyond
the reach of antidotes, and when his memory had acquired a deserved
respectability. I conceive that it was a feeling of the importance of
this precaution which induced Mr. Locke to style himself "Gent." on the
title-page of his Essay, as who should say to his readers that they
could receive his metaphysics on the honor of a gentleman.

Nevertheless, finding that, without descending to a smaller size of type
than would have been compatible with the dignity of the several
societies to be named, I could not compress my intended list within the
limits of a single page, and thinking, moreover, that the act would
carry with it an air of decorous modesty, I have chosen to take the
reader aside, as it were, into my private closet, and there not only
exhibit to him the diplomas which I already possess, but also to furnish
him with a prophetic vision of those which I may, without undue
presumption, hope for, as not beyond the reach of human ambition and
attainment. And I am the rather induced to this from the fact, that my
name has been unaccountably dropped from the last triennial catalogue of
our beloved _Alma Mater_. Whether this is to be attributed to the
difficulty of Latinizing any of those honorary adjuncts (with a complete
list of which I took care to furnish the proper persons nearly a year
beforehand), or whether it had its origin in any more culpable motives,
I forbear to consider in this place, the matter being in course of
painful investigation. But, however this may be, I felt the omission the
more keenly, as I had, in expectation of the new catalogue, enriched the
library of the Jaalam Athenæum with the old one then in my possession,
by which means it has come about that my children will be deprived of a
never-wearying winter evening's amusement in looking out the name of
their parent in that distinguished roll. Those harmless innocents had at
least committed no--but I forbear, having intrusted my reflections and
animadversions on this painful topic to the safe-keeping of my private
diary, intended for posthumous publication. I state this fact here, in
order that certain nameless individuals, who are, perhaps, overmuch
congratulating themselves on my silence, may know that a rod is in
pickle which the vigorous hand of a justly incensed posterity will apply
to their memories.

The careful reader will note, that, in the list which I have prepared, I
have included the names of several Cisatlantic societies to which a
place is not commonly assigned in processions of this nature. I have
ventured to do this, not only to encourage native ambition and genius,
but also because I have never been able to perceive in what way distance
(unless we suppose them at the end of a lever) could increase the weight
of learned bodies. As far as I have been able to extend my researches
among such stuffed specimens as occasionally reach America, I have
discovered no generic difference between the antipodal _Fogrum
Japonicum_ and the _F. Americanum_ sufficiently common in our own
immediate neighborhood. Yet, with a becoming deference to the popular
belief that distinctions of this sort are enhanced in value by every
additional mile they travel, I have intermixed the names of some
tolerably distant literary and other associations with the rest.

I add here, also, an advertisement, which, that it may be the more
readily understood by those persons especially interested therein, I
have written in that curtailed and otherwise maltreated canine Latin, to
the writing and reading of which they are accustomed.



         |Omnib. per tot. Orb. Terrar. Catalog. Academ. Edd.|

Minim. gent. diplom. ab inclytiss. acad. vest. orans, vir. honorand.
operosiss., at sol. ut sciat. quant. glor. nom. meum (dipl. fort.
concess.) catal. vest. temp. futur. affer., ill. subjec., addit. omnib.
titul. honorar. qu. adh. non tant. opt. quam probab. put.

*.* _Litt. Uncial. distinx. ut Prœs. S. Hist. Nat. Jaal._

_HOMERUS WILBUR_, Mr., Episc. Jaalam, S. T. D. 1850, et Yal. 1849, et
Neo-Cæs. et Brun. et Gulielm. 1852, et Gul. et Mar. et Bowd. et
Georgiop. et Viridimont. et Columb. Nov. Ebor. 1853, et Amherst. et
Watervill. et S. Jarlath. Hib. et S. Mar. et S. Joseph. et S. And. Scot.
1854, et Nashvill. et Dart. et Dickins. et Concord. et Wash. et
Columbian. et Charlest. et Jeff. et Dubl. et Oxon. et Cantab, et cæt.
1855, P. U. N. C. H. et J. U. D. Gott. et Osnab. et Heidelb. 1860, et
Acad. BORE US. Berolin. Soc. et SS. RR. Lugd. Bat. et Patav. et Lond. et
Edinb. et Ins. Feejee. et Null. Terr. et Pekin. Soc. Hon. et S. H. S. et
S. P. A. et A. A. S. et S. Humb. Univ. et S. Omn. Rer. Quarund. q.
Aliar. Promov. Passamaquod. et H. P. C. et I. O. H. et Α. Δ. Φ.  et
Π. Κ. Ρ. et Φ. Β. Κ. et Peucin. et Erosoph. et Philadelph. et Frat. in
Unit. et: Σ. Τ. et S. Archæolog. Athen. et Acad. Scient. et Lit. Panorm.
et SS. R. H. Matrit. et Beeloochist. et Caffrar. et Caribb. et M. S.
Reg. Paris, et S. Am. Antiserv. Soc. Hon. et P. D. Gott. et LL.D. 1852,
et D. C. L. et Mus. Doc. Oxon. 1860, et M. M. S. S. et M. D. 1854, et
Med. Fac. Univ. Harv. Soc. et S. pro Convers. Pollywog. Soc. Hon. et
Higgl. Piggl. et LL.B. 1853, et S. pro Christianiz. Moschet. Soc., et
SS. Ante-Diluv. ubiq. Gent. Soc. Hon. et Civit. Cleric. Jaalam. et S.
pro Diffus. General. Tenebr. Secret. Corr.




                            INTRODUCTION.


When, more than three years ago, my talented young parishioner, Mr.
Biglow, came to me and submitted to my animadversions the first of his
poems which he intended to commit to the more hazardous trial of a city
newspaper, it never so much as entered my imagination to conceive that
his productions would ever be gathered into a fair volume, and ushered
into the august presence of the reading public by myself. So little are
we short-sighted mortals able to predict the event! I confess that there
is to me a quite new satisfaction in being associated (though only as
sleeping partner) in a book which can stand by itself in an independent
unity on the shelves of libraries. For there is always this drawback
from the pleasure of printing a sermon, that, whereas the queasy stomach
of this generation will not bear a discourse long enough to make a
separate volume, those religious and godly-minded children (those
Samuels, if I may call them so) of the brain must at first lie buried in
an undistinguished heap, and then get such resurrection as is vouchsafed
to them, mummy-wrapt with a score of others in a cheap binding, with no
other mark of distinction than the word "_Miscellaneous_" printed upon
the back. Far be it from me to claim any credit for the quite unexpected
popularity which I am pleased to find these bucolic strains have
attained unto. If I know myself, I am measurably free from the itch of
vanity; yet I may be allowed to say that I was not backward to recognize
in them a certain wild, puckery, acidulous (sometimes even verging
toward that point which, in our rustic phrase, is termed _shut-eye_)
flavor, not wholly unpleasing, nor unwholesome, to palates cloyed with
the sugariness of tamed and cultivated fruit. It may be, also, that some
touches of my own, here and there, may have led to their wider
acceptance, albeit solely from my larger experience of literature and
authorship.[J]

  [Footnote J: The reader curious in such matters may refer
     (if he can find them) to "A Sermon preached on the
     Anniversary of the Dark Day," "An Artillery Election
     Sermon," "A Discourse on the Late Eclipse," "Dorcas, a
     Funeral Sermon on the Death of Madam Submit Tidd, Relict of
     the late Experience Tidd, Esq.," &c., &c.]

I was, at first, inclined to discourage Mr. Biglow's attempts, as
knowing that the desire to poetize is one of the diseases naturally
incident to adolescence, which, if the fitting remedies be not at once
and with a bold hand applied, may become chronic, and render one, who
might else have become in due time an ornament of the social circle, a
painful object even to nearest friends and relatives. But thinking, on a
further experience, that there was a germ of promise in him which
required only culture and the pulling up of weeds from around it, I
thought it best to set before him the acknowledged examples of English
composition in verse, and leave the rest to natural emulation. With this
view, I accordingly lent him some volumes of Pope and Goldsmith, to the
assiduous study of which he promised to devote his evenings. Not long
afterward, he brought me some verses written upon that model, a specimen
of which I subjoin, having changed some phrases of less elegancy, and a
few rhymes objectionable to the cultivated ear. The poem consisted of
childish reminiscences, and the sketches which follow will not seem
destitute of truth to those whose fortunate education began in a country
village. And, first, let us hang up his charcoal portrait of the
school-dame.

  "Propt on the marsh, a dwelling now, I see
  The humble school-house of my A, B, C,
  Where well-drilled urchins, each behind his tire,
  Waited in ranks the wished command to fire,
  Then all together, when the signal came,
  Discharged their _a-b abs_ against the dame.
  Daughter of Danaus, who could daily pour
  In treacherous pipkins her Pierian store,
  She, mid the volleyed learning firm and calm
  Patted the furloughed ferule on her palm,
  And, to our wonder, could divine at once
  Who flashed the pan, and who was downright dunce.

  "There young Devotion learned to climb with ease
  The gnarly limbs of Scripture family-trees,
  And he was most commended and admired
  Who soonest to the topmost twig perspired;
  Each name was called as many various ways
  As pleased the reader's ear on different days,
  So that the weather, or the ferule's stings,
  Colds in the head, or fifty other things,
  Transformed the helpless Hebrew thrice a week
  To guttural Pequot or resounding Greek,
  The vibrant accent skipping here and there,
  Just as it pleased invention or despair;
  No controversial Hebraist was the Dame;
  With or without the points pleased her the same;
  If any tyro found a name too tough,
  And looked at her, pride furnished skill enough;
  She nerved her larynx for the desperate thing,
  And cleared the five-barred syllables at a spring.

  "Ah, dear old times! there once it was my hap,
  Perched on a stool, to wear the long-eared cap;
  From books degraded, there I sat at ease,
  A drone, the envy of compulsory bees;
  Rewards of merit, too, full many a time,
  Each with its woodcut and its moral rhyme,
  And pierced half-dollars hung on ribbons gay
  About my neck--to be restored next day,
  I carried home, rewards as shining then
  As those which deck the lifelong pains of men,
  More solid than the redemanded praise
  With which the world beribbons later days.

  "Ah, dear old times! how brightly ye return!
  How, rubbed afresh, your phosphor traces burn!
  The ramble schoolward through dewsparkling meads;
  The willow-wands turned Cinderella steeds,
  The impromptu pinbent hook, the deep remorse
  O'er the chance-captured minnow's inchlong corse;
  The pockets, plethoric with marbles round,
  That still a space for ball and pegtop found,
  Nor satiate yet, could manage to confine
  Horsechestnuts, flagroot, and the kite's wound twine,
  And, like the prophet's carpet could take in,
  Enlarging still, the popgun's magazine;
  The dinner carried in the small tin pail,
  Shared with the dog, whose most beseeching tail
  And dripping tongue and eager ears belied
  The assumed indifference of canine pride;
  The caper homeward, shortened if the cart
  Of neighbor Pomeroy, trundling from the mart,
  O'ertook me,--then, translated to the seat
  I praised the steed, how staunch he was and fleet,
  While the bluff farmer, with superior grin,
  Explained where horses should be thick, where thin,
  And warned me (joke he always had in store)
  To shun a beast that four white stockings wore.
  What a fine natural courtesy was his!
  His nod was pleasure, and his full bow bliss;
  How did his well-thumbed hat, with ardor rapt,
  Its decorous curve to every rank adapt!
  How did it graduate with a courtly ease
  The whole long scale of social differences,
  Yet so gave each his measure running o'er,
  None thought his own was less, his neighbor's more;
  The squire was flattered, and the pauper knew
  Old times acknowledged 'neath the threadbare blue!
  Dropped at the corner of the embowered lane,
  Whistling I wade the knee-deep leaves again,
  While eager Argus, who has missed all day
  The sharer of his condescending play,
  Comes leaping onward with a bark elate
  And boisterous tail to greet me at the gate;
  That I was true in absence to our love
  Let the thick dog's-ears in my primer prove."

I add only one further extract, which will possess a melancholy interest
to all such as have endeavored to glean the materials of revolutionary
history from the lips of aged persons, who took a part in the actual
making of it, and, finding the manufacture profitable, continued the
supply in an adequate proportion to the demand.

  "Old Joe is gone, who saw hot Percy goad
  His slow artillery up the Concord road,
  A tale which grew in wonder, year by year,
  As, every time he told it, Joe drew near
  To the main fight, till, faded and grown gray,
  The original scene to bolder tints gave way;
  Then Joe had heard the foe's scared double-quick
  Beat on stove drum with one uncaptured stick,
  And, ere death came the lengthening tale to lop,
  Himself had fired, and seen a red-coat drop;
  Had Joe lived long enough, that scrambling fight
  Had squared more nearly with his sense of right,
  And vanquished Percy, to complete the tale,
  Had hammered stone for life in Concord jail."

I do not know that the foregoing extracts ought not to be called my own
rather than Mr. Biglow's, as, indeed, he maintained stoutly that my file
had left nothing of his in them. I should not, perhaps, have felt
entitled to take so great liberties with them, had I not more than
suspected an hereditary vein of poetry in myself, a very near ancestor
having written a Latin poem in the Harvard _Gratulatio_ on the accession
of George the Third. Suffice it to say, that, whether not satisfied with
such limited approbation as I could conscientiously bestow, or from a
sense of natural inaptitude, certain it is that my young friend could
never be induced to any further essays in this kind. He affirmed that it
was to him like writing in a foreign tongue,--that Mr. Pope's
versification was like the regular ticking of one of Willard's clocks,
in which one could fancy, after long listening, a certain kind of rhythm
or tune, but which yet was only a poverty-stricken _tick, tick_, after
all,--and that he had never seen a sweet-water on a trellis growing so
fairly, or in forms so pleasing to his eye, as a fox-grape over a
scrub-oak in a swamp. He added I know not what, to the effect that the
sweet-water would only be the more disfigured by having its leaves
starched and ironed out, and that Pegsus (so he called him) hardly
looked right with his mane and tail in curl-papers. These and other such
opinions I did not long strive to eradicate, attributing them rather to
a defective education and senses untuned by too long familiarity with
purely natural objects, than to a perverted moral sense. I was the more
inclined to this leniency since sufficient evidence was not to seek,
that his verses, wanting as they certainly were in classic polish and
point, had somehow taken hold of the public ear in a surprising manner.
So, only setting him right as to the quantity of the proper name
Pegasus, I left him to follow the bent of his natural genius.

Yet could I not surrender him wholly to the tutelage of the pagan
(which, literally interpreted, signifies village) muse without yet a
further effort for his conversion, and to this end I resolved that
whatever of poetic fire yet burned in myself, aided by the assiduous
bellows of correct models, should be put in requisition. Accordingly,
when my ingenious young parishioner brought to my study a copy of verses
which he had written touching the acquisition of territory resulting
from the Mexican war, and the folly of leaving the question of slavery
or freedom to the adjudication of chance, I did myself indite a short
fable or apologue after the manner of Gay and Prior, to the end that he
might see how easily even such subjects as he treated of were capable of
a more refined style and more elegant expression. Mr. Biglow's
production was as follows:--




            THE TWO GUNNERS.

                A FABLE.


  Two fellers, Isrel named and Joe,
  One Sundy mornin' 'greed to go
  Agunnin' soon's the bells wuz done
  And meetin' finally begun,
  So 'st no one wouldn't be about
  Ther Sabbath-breakin' to spy out.

  Joe didn't want to go a mite;
  He felt ez though 't warnt skeercely right,
  But, when his doubts he went to speak on,
  Isrel he up and called him Deacon,
  An' kep' apokin' fun like sin
  An' then arubbin' on it in,
  Till Joe, less skeered o' doin' wrong
  Than bein' laughed at, went along.

  Past noontime they went trampin' round
  An' nary thing to pop at found,
  Till, fairly tired o' their spree,
  They leaned their guns agin a tree,
  An' jest ez they wuz settin' down
  To take their noonin', Joe looked roun'
  And see (across lots in a pond
  That warn't more 'n twenty rod beyond,)
  A goose that on the water sot
  Ez ef awaitin' to be shot.

  Isrel he ups and grabs his gun;
  Sez he, "By ginger, here's some fun!"
  "Don't fire," sez Joe, "it aint no use,
  Thet's Deacon Peleg's tame wild-goose;"
  Sez Isrel, "I don't care a cent,
  I've sighted an' I'll let her went;"
  _Bang!_ went queen's-arm, ole gander flopped
  His wings a spell, an' quorked, an' dropped.

  Sez Joe, "I wouldn't ha' been hired
  At that poor critter to ha' fired,
  But, sence it's clean gin up the ghost,
  We'll hev the tallest kind o' roast;
  I guess our waistbands 'll be tight
  'Fore it comes ten o'clock ternight."

  "I won't agree to no such bender,"
  Sez Isrel, "keep it tell it's tender;
  'T aint wuth a snap afore it's ripe."
  Sez Joe, "I'd jest ez lives eat tripe;
  You _air_ a buster ter suppose
  I'd eat what makes me hol' my nose!"

  So they disputed to an' fro
  Till cunnin' Isrel sez to Joe,
  "Don't less stay here an' play the fool,
  Less wait till both on us git cool,
  Jest for a day or two less hide it
  An' then toss up an' so decide it."
  "Agreed!" sez Joe, an' so they did,
  An' the ole goose wuz safely hid.

  Now 't wuz the hottest kind o' weather,
  An' when at last they come together,
  It didn't signify which won,
  Fer all the mischief hed ben done:
  The goose wuz there, but, fer his soul,
  Joe wouldn't ha' tetched it with a pole;
  But Isrel kind o' liked the smell on't
  An' made _his_ dinner very well on't.

My own humble attempt was in manner and form following, and I print it
here, I sincerely trust, out of no vainglory, but solely with the hope
of doing good.




       LEAVING THE MATTER OPEN.

              A TALE.

        BY HOMER WILBUR, A.M.


  Two brothers once, an ill-matched pair,
  Together dwelt (no matter where),
  To whom an Uncle Sam, or some one,
  Had left a house and farm in common.
  The two in principles and habits
  Were different as rats from rabbits;
  Stout farmer North, with frugal care,
  Laid up provision for his heir,
  Not scorning with hard sun-browned hands
  To scrape acquaintance with his lands;
  Whatever thing he had to do
  He did, and made it pay him, too;
  He sold his waste stone by the pound,
  His drains made water-wheels spin round,
  His ice in summer-time he sold,
  His wood brought profit when 'twas cold,
  He dug and delved from morn till night,
  Strove to make profit square with right,
  Lived on his means, cut no great dash,
  And paid his debts in honest cash.

  On tother hand, his brother South
  Lived very much from hand to mouth,
  Played gentleman, nursed dainty hands,
  Borrowed North's money on his lands,
  And culled his morals and his graces
  From cock-pits, bar-rooms, fights, and races;
  His sole work in the farming line
  Was keeping droves of long-legged swine,
  Which brought great bothers and expenses
  To North in looking after fences,
  And, when they happened to break through,
  Cost him both time and temper too,
  For South insisted it was plain
  He ought to drive them home again,
  And North consented to the work
  Because he loved to buy cheap pork.

  Meanwhile, South's swine increasing fast,
  His farm became too small at last,
  So, having thought the matter over,
  And feeling bound to live in clover
  And never pay the clover's worth,
  He said one day to brother North:--

  "Our families are both increasing,
  And, though we labor without ceasing,
  Our produce soon will be too scant
  To keep our children out of want;
  They who wish fortune to be lasting
  Must be both prudent and forecasting;
  We soon shall need more land; a lot
  I know, that cheaply can be bo't;
  You lend the cash, I'll buy the acres,
  And we'll be equally partakers."

  Poor North, whose Anglo-Saxon blood
  Gave him a hankering after mud,
  Wavered a moment, then consented,
  And, when the cash was paid, repented;
  To make the new land worth a pin,
  Thought he, it must be all fenced in,
  For, if South's swine once get the run on't
  No kind of farming can be done on't;
  If that don't suit the other side,
  'Tis best we instantly divide.

  But somehow South could ne'er incline
  This way or that to run the line,
  And always found some new pretence
  'Gainst setting the division fence;
  At last he said:--

                     "For peace's sake,
  Liberal concessions I will make;
  Though I believe, upon my soul,
  I've a just title to the whole,
  I'll make an offer which I call
  Gen'rous,--we'll have no fence at all;
  Then both of us, whene'er we choose,
  Can take what part we want to use;
  If you should chance to need it first,
  Pick you the best, I'll take the worst."

  "Agreed!" cried North; thought he, this fall
  With wheat and rye I'll sow it all,
  In that way I shall get the start,
  And South may whistle for his part;
  So thought, so done, the field was sown,
  And, winter having come and gone,
  Sly North walked blithely forth to spy,
  The progress of his wheat and rye;
  Heavens, what a sight! his brother's swine
  Had asked themselves all out to dine,
  Such grunting, munching, rooting, shoving,
  The soil seemed all alive and moving,
  As for his grain, such work they'd made on't,
  He couldn't spy a single blade on't.

  Off in a rage he rushed to South,
  "My wheat and rye"--grief choked his mouth;
  "Pray don't mind me," said South, "but plant
  All of the new land that you want;"
  "Yes, but your hogs," cried North;

                                    "The grain
  Won't hurt them," answered South again;
  "But they destroy my grain;"

                               "No doubt;
  'Tis fortunate you've found it out;
  Misfortunes teach, and only they,
  You must not sow it in their way;"
  "Nay, you," says North, "must keep them out;"
  "Did I create them with a snout?"
  Asked South demurely; "as agreed,
  The land is open to your seed,
  And would you fain prevent my pigs
  From running there their harmless rigs?
  God knows I view this compromise
  With not the most approving eyes;
  I gave up my unquestioned rights
  For sake of quiet days and nights,
  I offered then, you know 'tis true,
  To cut the piece of land in two."
  "Then cut it now," growls North;

                                   "Abate
  Your heat," says South, "'tis now too late;
  I offered you the rocky corner,
  But you, of your own good the scorner,
  Refused to take it; I am sorry;
  No doubt you might have found a quarry,
  Perhaps a gold-mine, for aught I know,
  Containing heaps of native rhino;
  You can't expect me to resign
  My right"--

             "But where," quoth North, "are mine?"
  "_Your_ rights," says tother, "well, that's funny,
  _I_ bought the land"--

                        "_I_ paid the money;"
  "That," answered South, "is from the point,
  The ownership, you'll grant, is joint;
  I'm sure my only hope and trust is
  Not law so much as abstract justice,
  Though, you remember, 'twas agreed
  That so and so--consult the deed;
  Objections now are out of date,
  They might have answered once, but Fate
  Quashes them at the point we've got to;
  _Obsta principiis_, that's my motto."
  So saying, South began to whistle
  And looked as obstinate as gristle,
  While North went homeward, each brown paw
  Clenched like a knot of natural law,
  And all the while, in either ear,
  Heard something clicking wondrous clear.

To turn now to other matters, there are two things upon which it would
seem fitting to dilate somewhat more largely in this place,--the Yankee
character and the Yankee dialect. And, first, of the Yankee character,
which has wanted neither open maligners, nor even more dangerous enemies
in the persons of those unskilful painters who have given to it that
hardness, angularity, and want of proper perspective, which, in truth,
belonged, not to their subject, but to their own niggard and unskilful
pencil.

New England was not so much the colony of a mother country, as a Hagar
driven forth into the wilderness. The little self-exiled band which came
hither in 1620 came, not to seek gold, but to found a democracy. They
came that they might have the privilege to work and pray, to sit upon
hard benches and listen to painful preachers as long as they would, yea,
even unto thirty-seventhly, if the spirit so willed it. And surely, if
the Greek might boast his Thermopylæ, where three hundred men fell in
resisting the Persian, we may well be proud of our Plymouth Rock, where
a handful of men, women, and children not merely faced, but vanquished,
winter, famine, the wilderness, and the yet more invincible _storge_
that drew them back to the green island far away. These found no lotus
growing upon the surly shore, the taste of which could make them forget
their little native Ithaca; nor were they so wanting to themselves in
faith as to burn their ship, but could see the fair west wind belly the
homeward sail, and then turn unrepining to grapple with the terrible
Unknown.

As Want was the prime foe these hardy exodists had to fortress
themselves against, so it is little wonder if that traditional feud is
long in wearing out of the stock. The wounds of the old warfare were
long ahealing, and an east wind of hard times puts a new ache in every
one of them. Thrift was the first lesson in their hornbook, pointed out,
letter after letter, by the lean finger of the hard schoolmaster,
Necessity. Neither were those plump, rosy-gilled Englishmen that came
hither, but a hard-faced, atrabilious, earnest-eyed race, stiff from
long wrestling with the Lord in prayer, and who had taught Satan to
dread the new Puritan hug. Add two hundred years' influence of soil,
climate, and exposure, with its necessary result of idiosyncrasies, and
we have the present Yankee, full of expedients, half-master of all
trades, inventive in all but the beautiful, full of shifts, not yet
capable of comfort, armed at all points against the old enemy Hunger,
longanimous, good at patching, not so careful for what is best as for
what will _do_, with a clasp to his purse and a button to his pocket,
not skilled to build against Time, as in old countries, but against
sore-pressing Need, accustomed to move the world with no ποῦ στῶ but his
own two feet, and no lever but his own long forecast. A strange hybrid,
indeed, did circumstance beget, here in the New World, upon the old
Puritan stock, and the earth never before saw such mystic-practicalism,
such niggard-geniality, such calculating-fanaticism, such
cast-iron-enthusiasm, such sourfaced-humor, such
close-fisted-generosity. This new _Græculus esuriens_ will make a living
out of anything. He will invent new trades as well as tools. His brain
is his capital, and he will get education at all risks. Put him on Juan
Fernandez, and he would make a spelling-book first, and a salt-pan
afterward. _In cœlum, jusseris, ibit_,--or the other way either,--it is
all one, so anything is to be got by it. Yet, after all, thin,
speculative Jonathan is more like the Englishman of two centuries ago
than John Bull himself is. He has lost somewhat in solidity, has become
fluent and adaptable, but more of the original groundwork of character
remains. He feels more at home with Fulke Greville, Herbert of Cherbury,
Quarles, George Herbert, and Browne, than with his modern English
cousins. He is nearer than John, by at least a hundred years, to Naseby,
Marston Moor, Worcester, and the time when, if ever, there were true
Englishmen. John Bull has suffered the idea of the Invisible to be very
much fattened out of him. Jonathan is conscious still that he lives in
the world of the Unseen as well as of the Seen. To move John, you must
make your fulcrum of solid beef and pudding; an abstract idea will do
for Jonathan.


                  *.* TO THE INDULGENT READER.

     My friend, the Reverend Mr. Wilbur, having been seized with
     a dangerous fit of illness, before this Introduction had
     passed through the press, and being incapacitated for all
     literary exertion, sent to me his notes, memoranda, &c., and
     requested me to fashion them into some shape more fitting
     for the general eye. This, owing to the fragmentary and
     disjointed state of his manuscripts, I have felt wholly
     unable to do; yet, being unwilling that the reader should be
     deprived of such parts of his lucubrations as seemed more
     finished, and not well discerning how to segregate these
     from the rest, I have concluded to send them all to the
     press precisely as they are.

                                  |Columbus Nye|,
                      _Pastor of a church in Bungtown Corner._

It remains to speak of the Yankee dialect. And, first, it may be
premised, in a general way, that any one much read in the writings of
the early colonists need not be told that the far greater share of the
words and phrases now esteemed peculiar to New England, and local there,
were brought from the mother country. A person familiar with the dialect
of certain portions of Massachusetts will not fail to recognize, in
ordinary discourse, many words now noted in English vocabularies as
archaic, the greater part of which were in common use about the time of
the King James translation of the Bible. Shakspeare stands less in need
of a glossary to most New Englanders than to many a native of the Old
Country. The peculiarities of our speech, however, are rapidly wearing
out. As there is no country where reading is so universal and newspapers
are so multitudinous, so no phrase remains long local, but is
transplanted in the mail-bags to every remotest corner of the land.
Consequently our dialect approaches nearer to uniformity than that of
any other nation.

The English have complained of us for coining new words. Many of those
so stigmatized were old ones by them forgotten, and all make now an
unquestioned part of the currency, wherever English is spoken.
Undoubtedly, we have a right to make new words, as they are needed by
the fresh aspects under which life presents itself here in the New
World; and, indeed, wherever a language is alive, it grows. It might be
questioned whether we could not establish a stronger title to the
ownership of the English tongue than the mother-islanders themselves.
Here, past all question, is to be its great home and centre. And not
only is it already spoken here by greater numbers, but with a higher
popular average of correctness, than in Britain. The great writers of
it, too, we might claim as ours, were ownership to be settled by the
number of readers and lovers.

As regards the provincialisms to be met with in this volume, I may say
that the reader will not find one which is not (as I believe) either
native or imported with the early settlers, nor one which I have not,
with my own ears, heard in familiar use. In the metrical portion of the
book, I have endeavored to adapt the spelling as nearly as possible to
the ordinary mode of pronunciation. Let the reader who deems me
over-particular remember this caution of Martial:--

   "_Quem recitas, meus est, O Fidentine, libellus;
    Sed male cum recitas, incipit esse tuus._"

A few further explanatory remarks will not be impertinent.

I shall barely lay down a few general rules for the reader's guidance.

1. The genuine Yankee never gives the rough sound to the r when he can
help it, and often displays considerable ingenuity in avoiding it even
before a vowel.

2. He seldom sounds the final _g_, a piece of self-denial, if we
consider his partiality for nasals. The same of the final _d_, as _han'_
and _stan'_ for _hand_ and _stand_.

3. The _h_ in such words as _while_, _when_, _where_, he omits
altogether.

4. In regard to _a_, he shows some inconsistency, sometimes giving a
close and obscure sound, as _hev_ for _have_, _hendy_ for _handy_, _ez_
for _as_, _thet_ for _that_, and again giving it the broad sound it has
in _father_, as _hânsome_ for _handsome_.

5. To the sound _ou_ he prefixes an _e_ (hard to exemplify otherwise
than orally).

The following passage in Shakspeare he would recite thus:--

  "Neow is the winta uv eour discontent
  Med glorious summa by this sun o' Yock,
  An' all the cleouds thet leowered upun eour heouse
  In the deep buzzum o' the oshin buried;
  Neow air eour breows beound 'ith victorious wreaths;
  Eour breused arms hung up fer monimunce;
  Eour starn alarums changed to merry meetins,
  Eour dreffle marches to delightful measures.
  Grim-visaged war heth smeuthed his wrinkled front,
  An' neow, instid o' mountin' barehid steeds
  To fright the souls o' ferfle edverseries,
  He capers nimly in a lady's chmber,
  To the lascivious pleasin' uv a loot."

6. _Au_, in such words as _daughter_ and _slaughter_, he pronounces
_ah_.

7. To the dish thus seasoned add a drawl _ad libitum_.

     [Mr. Wilbur's notes here become entirely fragmentary.--C. N.]

α. Unable to procure a likeness of Mr. Biglow, I thought the curious
reader might be gratified with a sight of the editorial effigies. And
here a choice between two was offered,--the one a profile (entirely
black) cut by Doyle, the other a portrait painted by a native artist of
much promise. The first of these seemed wanting in expression, and in
the second a slight obliquity of the visual organs has been heightened
(perhaps from an over-desire of force on the part of the artist) into
too close an approach to actual _strabismus_. This slight divergence in
my optical apparatus from the ordinary model--however I may have been
taught to regard it in the light of a mercy rather than a cross, since
it enabled me to give as much of directness and personal application to
my discourses as met the wants of my congregation, without risk of
offending any by being supposed to have him or her in my eye (as the
saying is)--seemed yet to Mrs. Wilbur a sufficient objection to the
engraving of the aforesaid painting. We read of many who either
absolutely refused to allow the copying of their features, as especially
did Plotinus and Agesilaus among the ancients, not to mention the more
modern instances of Scioppius, Palæottus, Pinellus, Velserus, Gataker,
and others, or were indifferent thereto, as Cromwell.

         *     *     *     *     *

β. Yet was Cæsar desirous of concealing his baldness. _Per contra_,
my Lord Protector's carefulness in the matter of his wart might be
cited. Men generally more desirous of being _improved_ in their
portraits than characters. Shall probably find very unflattered
likenesses of ourselves in Recording Angel's gallery.

         *     *     *     *     *

γ. Whether any of our national peculiarities may be traced to our
use of stoves, as a certain closeness of the lips in pronunciation, and
a smothered smoulderingness of disposition, seldom roused to open flame?
An unrestrained intercourse with fire probably conducive to generosity
and hospitality of soul. Ancient Mexicans used stoves, as the friar
Augustin Ruiz reports, Hakluyt, III., 468,--but the Popish priests not
always reliable authority.

To-day picked my Isabella grapes. Crop injured by attacks of rose-bug in
the spring. Whether Noah was justifiable in preserving this class of
insects?

         *     *     *     *     *

δ. Concerning Mr. Biglow's pedigree. Tolerably certain that there
was never a poet among his ancestors. An ordination hymn attributed to a
maternal uncle, but perhaps a sort of production not demanding the
creative faculty.

His grandfather a painter of the grandiose or Michael Angelo school.
Seldom painted objects smaller than houses or barns, and these with
uncommon expression.

         *     *     *     *     *

ε. Of the Wilburs no complete pedigree. The crest said to be a
_wild boar_, whence, perhaps, the name.(?) A connection with the Earls
of Wilbraham (_quasi_ wild boar ham) might be made out. This suggestion
worth following up. In 1677, John W. m. Expect----, had issue, 1. John,
2. Haggai, 3. Expect, 4. Ruhamah, 5. Desire.

   "Hear lyes ye bodye of Mrs Expect Wilber,
    Ye crewell salvages they kil'd her
    Together wth other Christian soles eleaven,
    October ye ix daye, 1707.
    Ye stream of Jordan sh' as crost ore
    And now expeacts me on ye other shore:
    I live in hope her soon to join;
    Her earthlye yeeres were forty and nine."
        _From Gravestone in Pekussett, North Parish._

This is unquestionably the same John who afterward (1711) married
Tabitha Hagg or Ragg.

But if this were the case, she seems to have died early; for only three
years after, namely, 1714, we have evidence that he married Winifred,
daughter of Lieutenant Tipping.

He seems to have been a man of substance, for we find him in 1696
conveying "one undivided eightieth part of a salt-meadow" in Yabbok, and
he commanded a sloop in 1702.

Those who doubt the importance of genealogical studies _fuste potius
quam argumento erudiendi_.

I trace him as far as 1723, and there lose him. In that year he was
chosen selectman.

No gravestone. Perhaps overthrown when new hearse-house was built, 1802.

He was probably the son of John, who came from Bilham Comit. Salop.
circa 1642.

This first John was a man of considerable importance, being twice
mentioned with the honorable prefix of _Mr._ in the town records. Name
spelt with two _l-s_.

  "Here lyeth ye bod [_stone unhappily broken._]
  Mr. Ihon Willber [Esq.] [_I enclose this in brackets as doubtful. To
    me it seems clear._]
  Ob't die [_illegible; looks like xviii._] ... iii [_prob._ 1693.]
    .        .        .        .        .      paynt
    .        .        .        .      deseased seinte:
  A friend and [fath]er untoe all ye opreast,
  Hee gave ye wicked familists noe reast,
  When Sat[an bl]ewe his Antinomian blaste,
  Wee clong to [Willber as a steadf]ast maste.
  [A]gaynst ye horrid Qua[kers] ..."

It is greatly to be lamented that this curious epitaph is mutilated. It
is said that the sacrilegious British soldiers made a target of this
stone during the war of Independence. How odious an animosity which
pauses not at the grave! How brutal that which spares not the monuments
of authentic history! This is not improbably from the pen of Rev. Moody
Pyram, who is mentioned by Hubbard as having been noted for a silver
vein of poetry. If his papers be still extant, a copy might possibly be
recovered.




                              CONTENTS.

                                                                   PAGE

  No. I.--A Letter from Mr. Ezekiel Biglow of Jaalam to the Hon.
    Joseph T. Buckingham, Editor of the Boston Courier, enclosing
    a Poem of his Son, Mr. Hosea Biglow,                            388

  No. II.--A Letter from Mr. Hosea Biglow to the Hon. J. T.
    Buckingham, Editor of the Boston Courier, covering a Letter
    from Mr. B. Sawin, Private in the Massachusetts Regiment,       393

  No. III.--What Mr. Robinson thinks,                               401

  No. IV.--Remarks of Increase D. O'Phace, Esquire, at an
    Extrumpery Caucus in State Street, reported by Mr. H. Biglow,   408

  No. V.--The Debate in the Sennit. Sot to a Nusry Rhyme,           416

  No. VI.--The Pious Editor's Creed,                                421

  No. VII.--A Letter from a Candidate for the Presidency in Answer
    to suttin Questions proposed by Mr. Hosea Biglow, enclosed
    in a Note from Mr. Biglow to S. H. Gay, Esq., Editor of the
    National Anti-slavery Standard,                                 426

  No. VIII.--A Second Letter from B. Sawin, Esq.,                   433

  No. IX.--A Third Letter from B. Sawin, Esq,                       443

  |Glossary|,                                                       455

  |Index|,                                                          459




                          THE BIGLOW PAPERS.

                                No. I.

                               A LETTER

     FROM MR. EZEKIEL BIGLOW OF JAALAM TO THE HON. JOSEPH T.
     BUCKINGHAM, EDITOR OF THE BOSTON COURIER, ENCLOSING A POEM
     OF HIS SON, MR. HOSEA BIGLOW.


                                               |Jaylem|,  june 1846.

|Mister Eddyter|:--Our Hosea wuz down to Boston last week, and he see a
cruetin Sarjunt a struttin round as popler as a hen with 1 chicking,
with 2 fellers a drummin and fifin arter him like all nater. the sarjunt
he thout Hosea hedn't gut his i teeth cut cos he looked a kindo's though
he'd jest com down, so he cal'lated to hook him in, but Hosy woodn't
take none o' his sarse for all he hed much as 20 Rooster's tales stuck
onto his hat and eenamost enuf brass a bobbin up and down on his
shoulders and figureed onto his coat and trousis, let alone wut nater
hed sot in his featers, to make a 6 pounder out on.

wal, Hosea he com home considerabal riled, and arter I'd gone to bed I
heern Him a thrashin round like a short-tailed Bull in fli-time. The old
Woman ses she to me ses she, Zekle, ses she, our Hosee's gut the
chollery or suthin anuther ses she, don't yon Bee skeered, ses I, he's
oney amakin pottery[K] ses i, he's ollers on hand at that ere busynes
like Da & martin, and shure enuf, cum mornin, Hosy he cum down stares
full chizzle, hare on eend and cote tales flyin, and sot rite of to go
reed his varses to Parson Wilbur bein he haint aney grate shows o' book
larnin himself, bimeby he cum back and sed the parson wuz dreffle
tickled with 'em as i hoop you will Be, and said they wuz True grit.

     [Footnote K: _Aut insanit, aut versos facit._--H. W.]

Hosea ses taint hardly fair to call 'em hisn now, cos the parson kind o'
slicked off sum o' the last varses, but he told Hosee he didn't want to
put his ore in to tetch to the Rest on 'em, bein they wuz verry well As
thay wuz, and then Hosy ses he sed suthin a nuther about Simplex
Mundishes or sum sech feller, but I guess Hosea kind o' didn't hear him,
for I never hearn o' nobody o' that name in this villadge, and I've
lived here man and boy 76 year cum next tater diggin, and thair aint no
wheres a kitting spryer'n I be.

If you print 'em I wish you 'd jest let folks know who hosy's father is,
cos my ant Keziah used to say it's nater to be curus ses she, she aint
livin though and he's a likely kind o' lad.

                                               |Ezekiel Biglow|.


  Thrash away, you'll _hev_ to rattle
    On them kittle-drums o' yourn,--
  'T aint a knowin' kind o' cattle
    Thet is ketched with mouldy corn;
  Put in stiff, you fifer feller,
    Let folks see how spry you be,--
  Guess you'll toot till you are yeller
   'Fore you git ahold o' me!

  Thet air flag's a leetle rotten,
    Hope it aint your Sunday's best;--
  Fact! it takes a sight o' cotton
    To stuff out a soger's chest:
  Sence we farmers hev to pay fer't,
    Ef you must wear humps like these,
  Sposin' you should try salt hay fer't,
    It would du ez slick ez grease.

  'T wouldn't suit them Southun fellers,
    They're a dreffle graspin' set,
  We must ollers blow the bellers
    Wen they want their irons het;
  May be it's all right ez preachin',
    But _my_ narves it kind o' grates,
  Wen I see the overreachin'
    O' them nigger-drivin' States.

  Them thet rule us, them slave-traders,
    Haint they cut a thunderin' swarth,
  (Helped by Yankee renegaders,)
    Thru the vartu o' the North!
  We begin to think it's nater
    To take sarse an' not be riled;--
  Who'd expect to see a tater
    All on eend at bein' biled?

  Ez fer war, I call it murder,--
    There you hev it plain an' flat;
  I don't want to go no furder
    Than my Testyment fer that;
  God hez sed so plump an' fairly,
    It's ez long ez it is broad,
  An' you've gut to git up airly
    Ef you want to take in God.

  'T aint your eppyletts an' feathers
    Make the thing a grain more right;
  'T aint afollerin' your bell-wethers
    Will excuse ye in His sight;
  Ef you take a sword an' dror it,
    An' go stick a feller thru,
  Guv'ment aint to answer for it,
    God'll send the bill to you.

  Wut's the use o' meetin'-goin'
    Every Sabbath, wet or dry,
  Ef it's right to go amowin'
    Feller-men like oats an' rye?
  I dunno but wut it's pooty
    Trainin' round in bobtail coats,--
  But it's curus Christian dooty
    This 'ere cuttin' folks's throats.

  They may talk o' Freedom's airy
    Tell they're pupple in the face,--
  It's a grand gret cemetary
    Fer the barthrights of our race;
  They jest want this Californy
    So's to lug new slave-states in
  To abuse ye, an' to scorn ye,
    An' to plunder ye like sin.

  Aint it cute to see a Yankee
    Take sech everlastin' pains,
  All to git the Devil's thankee,
    Helpin' on 'em weld their chains?
  Wy, it's jest ez clear ez figgers,
    Clear ez one an' one make two,
  Chaps thet make black slaves o' niggers
    Want to make wite slaves o' you.

  Tell ye jest the eend I've come to
    Arter cipherin' plaguy smart,
  An' it makes a handy sum, tu,
    Any gump could larn by heart;
  Laborin' man an' laborin' woman
    Hev one glory an' one shame,
  Ev'y thin' thet's done inhuman
    Injers all on 'em the same.

  'T aint by turnin' out to hack folks
    You're agoin' to git your right,
  Nor by lookin' down on black folks
    Coz you're put upon by wite;
  Slavery aint o' nary color,
   'T aint the hide thet makes it wus,
  All it keers fer in a feller
   'S jest to make him fill its pus.

  Want to tackle _me_ in, du ye?
    I expect you'll hev to wait;
  Wen cold lead puts daylight thru ye
    You'll begin to kal'klate;
  'Spose the crows wun't fall to pickin'
    All the carkiss from your bones,
  Coz you helped to give a lickin'
    To them poor half-Spanish drones?

  Jest go home an' ask our Nancy
    Wether I'd be sech a goose
  Ez to jine ye,--guess you'd fancy
    The etarnal bung wuz loose!
  She wants me fer home consumption,
    Let alone the hay's to mow,--
  Ef you're arter folks o' gumption,
    You've a darned long row to hoe.

  Take them editors thet's crowin'
    Like a cockerel three months old,--
  Don't ketch any on 'em goin',
    Though they _be_ so blasted bold;
  _Aint_ they a prime lot o' fellers?
   'Fore they think on't they will sprout,
  (Like a peach thet's got the yellers,)
    With the meanness bustin' out.

  Wal, go 'long to help 'em stealin'
    Bigger pens to cram with slaves,
  Help the men thet's ollers dealin'
    Insults on your fathers' graves;
  Help the strong to grind the feeble,
    Help the many agin the few,
  Help the men thet call your people
    Witewashed slaves an' peddlin' crew!

  Massachusetts, God forgive her,
    She's akneelin' with the rest,
  She, thet ough' to ha' clung fer ever
    In her grand old eagle-nest;
  She thet ough' to stand so fearless
    Wile the wracks are round her hurled,
  Holdin' up a beacon peerless
    To the oppressed of all the world!

  Haint they sold your colored seamen?
    Haint they made your env'ys wiz?
  _Wut_'ll make ye act like freemen?
    _Wut_'ll git your dander riz?
  Come, I'll tell ye wut I'm thinkin'
    Is our dooty in this fix,
  They'd ha' done't ez quick ez winkin'
    In the days o' seventy-six.

  Clang the bells in every steeple,
    Call all true men to disown
  The tradoocers of our people,
    The enslavers o' their own;
  Let our dear old Bay State proudly
    Put the trumpet to her mouth,
  Let her ring this messidge loudly
    In the ears of all the South:--

  "I'll return ye good fer evil
    Much ez we frail mortils can,
  But I wun't go help the Devil
    Makin' man the cus o' man;
  Call me coward, call me traiter,
    Jest ez suits your mean idees,--
  Here I stand a tyrant-hater,
    An' the friend o' God an' Peace!"

  Ef I'd _my_ way I hed ruther
    We should go to work an' part,--
  They take one way, we take t'other,--
    Guess it wouldn't break my heart;
  Man hed ough' to put asunder
    Them thet God has noways jined;
  An' I shouldn't gretly wonder
    Ef there's thousands o' my mind.

     [The first recruiting sergeant on record I conceive to have
     been that individual who is mentioned in the Book of Job _as
     going to and fro in the earth, and walking up and down in
     it_. Bishop Latimer will have him to have been a bishop, but
     to me that other calling would appear more congenial. The
     sect of Cainites is not yet extinct, who esteemed the
     first-born of Adam to be the most worthy, not only because
     of that privilege of primogeniture, but inasmuch as he was
     able to overcome and slay his younger brother. That was a
     wise saying of the famous Marquis Pescara to the Papal
     Legate, that _it was impossible for men to serve Mars and
     Christ at the same time_. Yet in time past the profession of
     arms was judged to be κατ᾽ ἐξοχήν that of a gentleman, nor
     does this opinion want for strenuous upholders even in our
     day. Must we suppose, then, that the profession of
     Christianity was only intended for losels, or, at best, to
     afford an opening for plebeian ambition? Or shall we hold
     with that nicely metaphysical Pomeranian, Captain Vratz, who
     was Count Königsmark's chief instrument in the murder of Mr.
     Thynne, that the Scheme of Salvation has been arranged with
     an especial eye to the necessities of the upper classes, and
     that "God would consider a _gentleman_ and deal with him
     suitably to the condition and profession he had placed him
     in"? It may be said of us all, _Exemplo plus quam ratione
     vivimus_.--H. W.]




                                No. II.

                               A LETTER

FROM MR. HOSEA BIGLOW TO THE HON. J. T. BUCKINGHAM, EDITOR OF THE BOSTON
COURIER, COVERING A LETTER FROM MR. B. SAWIN, PRIVATE IN THE
MASSACHUSETTS REGIMENT.


     [This letter of Mr. Sawin's was not originally written in
     verse. Mr. Biglow, thinking it peculiarly susceptible of
     metrical adornment, translated it, so to speak, into his own
     vernacular tongue. This is not the time to consider the
     question, whether rhyme be a mode of expression natural to
     the human race. If leisure from other and more important
     avocations be granted, I will handle the matter more at
     large in an appendix to the present volume. In this place I
     will barely remark, that I have sometimes noticed in the
     unlanguaged prattlings of infants a fondness for
     alliteration, assonance, and even rhyme, in which natural
     predisposition we may trace the three degrees through which
     our Anglo-Saxon verse rose to its culmination in the poetry
     of Pope. I would not be understood as questioning in these
     remarks that pious theory which supposes that children, if
     left entirely to themselves, would naturally discourse in
     Hebrew. For this the authority of one experiment is claimed,
     and I could, with Sir Thomas Browne, desire its
     establishment, inasmuch as the acquirement of that sacred
     tongue would thereby be facilitated. I am aware that
     Herodotus states the conclusion of Psammeticus to have been
     in favor of a dialect of the Phrygian. But, beside the
     chance that a trial of this importance would hardly be
     blessed to a Pagan monarch whose only motive was curiosity,
     we have on the Hebrew side the comparatively recent
     investigation of James the Fourth of Scotland. I will add to
     this prefatory remark, that Mr. Sawin, though a native of
     Jaalam, has never been a stated attendant on the religious
     exercises of my congregation. I consider my humble efforts
     prospered in that not one of my sheep hath ever indued the
     wolf's clothing of war, save for the comparatively innocent
     diversion of a militia training. Not that my flock are
     backward to undergo the hardships of _defensive_ warfare.
     They serve cheerfully in the great army which fights even
     unto death _pro aris et focis_, accoutred with the spade,
     the axe, the plane, the sledge, the spelling-book, and other
     such effectual weapons against want and ignorance and
     unthrift. I have taught them (under God) to esteem our human
     institutions as but tents of a night, to be stricken
     whenever Truth puts the bugle to her lips and sounds a march
     to the heights of wider-viewed intelligence and more perfect
     organization.--H. W.]

|Mister Buckinum|, the follerin Billet was writ hum by a Yung feller of
our town that wuz cussed fool enuff to goe atrottin inter Miss Chiff
arter a Drum and fife. it ain't Nater for a feller to let on that he's
sick o' any bizness that He went intu off his own free will and a Cord,
but I rather cal'late he's middlin tired o' voluntearin By this Time. I
bleeve u may put dependunts on his statemence. For I never heered nothin
bad on him let Alone his havin what Parson Wilbur cals a _pong-shong_
for cocktales, and he ses it wuz a soshiashun of idees sot him agoin
arter the Crootin Sargient cos he wore a cocktale onto his hat.

his Folks gin the letter to me and i shew it to parson Wilbur and he ses
it oughter Bee printed.  send It to mister Buckinum, ses he, i don't
ollers agree with him, ses he, but by Time,[L] ses he, I _du_ like a
feller that ain't a Feared.

I have intusspussed a Few refleckshuns hear and thair. We're kind o'
prest with Hayin.

                        Ewers respecfly
                                               |Hosea Biglow|.

  [Footnote L: In relation to this expression, I cannot but
     think that Mr. Biglow has been too hasty in attributing it
     to me. Though Time be a comparatively innocent personage to
     swear by, and though Longinus in his discourse Περὶ ῞Υψους
     has commended timely oaths as not only a useful but sublime
     figure of speech, yet I have always kept my lips free from
     that abomination. _Odi profanum vulgus_, I hate your
     swearing and hectoring fellows.--H. W.]

  This kind o' sogerin' aint a mite like our October trainin',
  A chap could clear right out from there ef't only looked like rainin',
  An' th' Cunnles, tu, could kiver up their shappoes with bandanners,
  An' send the insines skootin' to the bar-room with their banners,
  (Fear o' gittin' on 'em spotted,) an' a feller could cry quarter
  Ef he fired away his ramrod arter tu much rum an' water.
  Recollect wut fun we hed, you'n' I an' Ezry Hollis,
  Up there to Waltham plain last fall, along o' the Cornwallis?[M]
  This sort o' thing aint _jest_ like thet,--I wish thet I wuz furder,[N]--
  Nimepunce a day fer killin' folks comes kind o' low fer murder,
  (Wy I've worked out to slarterin' some fer Deacon Cephas Billins,
  An' in the hardest times there wuz I ollers tetched ten shillins,)
  There's sutthin' gits into my throat thet makes it hard to swaller,
  It comes so nateral to think about a hempen collar;
  It's glory,--but, in spite o' all my tryin' to git callous,
  I feel a kind o' in a cart, aridin' to the gallus.
  But wen it comes to _bein'_ killed,--I tell ye I felt streakèd
  The fust time 't ever I found out wy baggonets wuz peaked;
  Here's how it wuz: I started out to go to a fandango,
  The sentinul he ups an' sez, "Thet's furder 'an you can go."
  "None o' your sarse," sez I; sez he, "Stan' back!" "Aint you a buster?"
  Sez I, "I'm up to all thet air, I guess I've ben to muster;
  I know wy sentinuls air sot; you aint agoin' to eat us;
  Caleb haint no monopoly to court the seenoreetas;
  My folks to hum air full ez good ez hisn be, by golly!"
  An' so ez I wuz goin' by, not thinkin' wut would folly,
  The everlastin' cus he stuck his one-pronged pitchfork in me
  An' made a hole right thru my close ez ef I wuz an in'my.
  Wal, it beats all how big I felt hoorawin' in ole Funnel
  Wen Mister Bolles he gin the sword to our Leftenant Cunnle,
  (It's Mister Secondary Bolles,[O] thet writ the prize peace essay;
  Thet's why he didn't list himself along o' us, I dessay,)
  An' Rantoul, tu, talked pooty loud, but don't put _his_ foot in it,
  Coz human life's so sacred thet he's principled agin it,--
  Though I myself can't rightly see it's any wus achokin' on 'em,
  Than puttin' bullets thru their lights, or with a bagnet pokin' on 'em;
  How dreffle slick he reeled it off, (like Blitz at our lyceum
  Ahaulin' ribbins from his chops so quick you skeercely see 'em,)
  About the Anglo-Saxon race (an' saxons would be handy
  To du the buryin' down here upon the Rio Grandy),
  About our patriotic pas an' our star-spangled banner,
  Our country's bird alookin' on an' singin' out hosanner,
  An' how he (Mister B. himself) wuz happy fer Ameriky,--
  I felt, ez sister Patience sez, a leetle mite histericky.
  I felt, I swon, ez though it wuz a dreffle kind o' privilege
  Atrampin' round thru Boston streets among the gutter's drivelage;
  I act'lly thought it wuz a treat to hear a little drummin',
  An' it did bonyfidy seem millanyum wuz acomin'
  Wen all on us got suits (darned like them wore in the state prison)
  An' every feller felt ez though all Mexico wuz hisn.[P]

  [Footnote M: i hait the Site of a feller with a muskit as I
     du pizn But their _is_ fun to a cornwallis I aint agoin' to
     deny it.--H. B.]

  [Footnote N: he means Not quite so fur I guess.--H. B.]

  [Footnote O: the ignerant creeter means Sekketary; but he
     ollers stuck to his books like cobbler's wax to an
     ile-stone.--H. B.]

  [Footnote P: it must be aloud that thare's a streak o' nater
     in lovin' sho, but it sartinly is 1 of the curusest things
     in nater to see a rispecktable dri goods dealer (deekon off
     a chutch mayby) ariggin' himself out in the Weigh they du
     and struttin' round in the Reign aspilin' his trowsis and
     makin' wet goods of himself. Ef any thin's foolisher and
     moor dicklus than militerry gloary it is milishy gloary.--H.
     B.]

  This 'ere's about the meanest place a skunk could wal diskiver
  (Saltillo's Mexican, I b'lieve, fer wut we call Salt-river);
  The sort o' trash a feller gits to eat doos beat all nater,
  I'd give a year's pay fer a smell o' one good blue-nose tater;
  The country here thet Mister Bolles declared to be so charmin'
  Throughout is swarmin' with the most alarmin' kind o' varmin.

  He talked about delishis froots, but then it wuz a wopper all,
  The holl on't 's mud an' prickly pears, with here an' there a chapparal;
  You see a feller peekin' out, an', fust you know, a lariat
  Is round your throat an' you a copse, 'fore you can say, "Wut air ye
    at?"[Q]
  You never see sech darned gret bugs (it may not be irrelevant
  To say I've seen a _scarabœus pilularius_[R] big ez a year old
    elephant,)
  The rigiment come up one day in time to stop a red bug
  From runnin' off with Cunnle Wright,--'t wuz jest a common _cimex
    lectularius_.

  [Footnote Q: these fellers are verry proppilly called Rank
     Heroes, and the more tha kill the ranker and more Herowick
     tha bekum.--H. B.]

  [Footnote R:  it wuz "tumblebug" as he Writ it, but the
     parson put the Latten instid. i sed tother maid better
     meeter, but he said tha was eddykated peepl to Boston and
     tha wouldn't stan' it no how. idnow as tha _wood_ and idnow
     _as_ tha wood.--H. B.]

  One night I started up on eend an' thought I wuz to hum agin,
  I heern a horn, thinks I it's Sol the fisherman hez come agin,
  _His_ bellowses is sound enough,--ez I'm a livin' creeter,
  I felt a thing go thru my leg,--'t wuz nothin' more 'n a skeeter!
  Then there's the yaller fever, tu, they call it here el vomito,--
  (Come, thet wun't du, you landcrab there, I tell ye to le' _go_ my toe!
  My gracious! it's a scorpion thet's took a shine to play with 't
  I darsn't skeer the tarnal thing fer fear he'd run away with 't.)

  Afore I come away from hum I hed a strong persuasion
  Thet Mexicans worn't human beans,[S]--an ourang outang nation,
  A sort o' folks a chap could kill an' never dream on't arter,
  No more 'n a feller 'd dream o' pigs thet he hed hed to slarter;
  I'd an idee thet they were built arter the darkie fashion all,
  An' kickin' colored folks about, you know, 's a kind o' national;
  But wen I jined I worn't so wise ez thet air queen o' Sheby,
  Fer, come to look at 'em, they aint much diff'rent from wut we be,
  An' here we air ascrougin' 'em out o' thir own dominions,
  Ashelterin' 'em, ez Caleb sez, under our eagle's pinions,
  Wich means to take a feller up jest by the slack o' 's trowsis
  An' walk him Spanish clean right out o' all his homes an' houses;
  Wal, it doos seem a curus way, but then hooraw fer Jackson!
  It must be right, fer Caleb sez it's reg'lar Anglosaxon.
  The Mex'cans don't fight fair, they say, they piz'n all the water,
  An' du amazin' lots o' things thet isn't wut they ough' to;
  Bein' they haint no lead, they make their bullets out o' copper
  An' shoot the darned things at us, tu, wich Caleb sez aint proper;
  He sez they'd ough' to stan' right up an' let us pop 'em fairly,
  (Guess wen he ketches 'em at thet he'll hev to git up airly,)
  Thet our nation's bigger'n theirn an' so its rights air bigger,
  An' thet it's all to make 'em free thet we air pullin' trigger,
  Thet Anglo Saxondom's idee 's abreakin' 'em to pieces,
  An' thet idee's thet every man doos jest wut he damn pleases;
  Ef I don't make his meanin' clear, perhaps in some respex I can,
  I know thet "every man" don't mean a nigger or a Mexican;
  An' there's another thing I know, an' thet is, ef these creeturs,
  Thet stick an Anglosaxon mask onto State-prison feeturs,
  Should come to Jaalam Centre fer to argify an' spout on't,
  The gals 'ould count the silver spoons the minnit they cleared out on't.

  [Footnote S: he means human beins, that's wut he means, i
     spose he kinder thought tha wuz human beans ware the Xisle
     Poles comes from.--H. B.]

  This goin' ware glory waits ye haint one agreeable feetur,
  An' ef it worn't fer wakin' snakes, I'd home agin short meter;
  O, wouldn't I be off, quick time, ef't worn't thet I wuz sartin
  They'd let the daylight into me to pay me fer desartin'!
  I don't approve o' tellin' tales, but jest to you I may state
  Our ossifers aint wut they wuz afore they left the Baystate;
  Then it wuz "Mister Sawin, sir, you're middlin' well now, be ye?
  Step up an' take a nipper, sir; I'm dreffle glad to see ye";
  But now it's "Ware's my eppylet? here, Sawin, step an' fetch it!
  An' mind your eye, be thund'rin' spry, or, damn ye, you shall ketch it!"
  Wal, ez the Doctor sez, some pork will bile so, but by mighty,
  Ef I hed some on 'em to hum, I 'd give 'em linkum vity,
  I'd play the rogue's march on their hides an' other music follerin'--
  But I must close my letter here, fer one on 'em 's ahollerin',
  These Anglosaxon ossifers,--wal, taint no use ajawin',
  I'm safe enlisted fer the war,

                                        Yourn,
                                               |Birdofredom Sawin|.

     [Those have not been wanting (as, indeed, when hath Satan
     been to seek for attorneys?) who have maintained that our
     late inroad upon Mexico was undertaken, not so much for the
     avenging of any national quarrel, as for the spreading of
     free institutions and of Protestantism. _Capita vix duabus
     Anticyris medenda!_ Verily I admire that no pious sergeant
     among these new Crusaders beheld Martin Luther riding at the
     front of the host upon a tamed pontifical bull, as, in that
     former invasion of Mexico, the zealous Gomara (spawn though
     he were of the Scarlet Woman) was favored with a vision of
     St. James of Compostella, skewering the infidels upon his
     apostolical lance. We read, also, that Richard of the lion
     heart, having gone to Palestine on a similar errand of
     mercy, was divinely encouraged to cut the throats of such
     Paynims as refused to swallow the bread of life (doubtless
     that they might be thereafter incapacitated for swallowing
     the filthy gobbets of Mahound) by angels of heaven, who
     cried to the king and his knights,--_Seigneurs, tuez! tuez!_
     providentially using the French tongue, as being the only
     one understood by their auditors. This would argue for the
     pantoglottism of these celestial intelligences, while, on
     the other hand, the Devil, _teste_ Cotton Mather, is
     unversed in certain of the Indian dialects. Yet must he be a
     semeiologist the most expert, making himself intelligible to
     every people and kindred by signs; no other discourse,
     indeed, being needful, than such as the mackerel-fisher
     holds with his finned quarry, who, if other bait be wanting,
     can by a bare bit of white rag at the end of a string
     captivate those foolish fishes. Such piscatorial oratory is
     Satan cunning in. Before one he trails a hat and feather, or
     a bare feather without a hat; before another, a Presidential
     chair, or a tidewaiter's stool, or a pulpit in the city, no
     matter what. To us, dangling there over our heads, they seem
     junkets dropped out of the seventh heaven, sops dipped in
     nectar, but, once in our mouths, they are all one, bits of
     fuzzy cotton.

     This, however, by the way. It is time now _revocare gradum_.
     While so many miracles of this sort, vouched by
     eyewitnesses, have encouraged the arms of Papists, not to
     speak of Echetlæus at Marathon and those _Dioscuri_ (whom we
     must conclude imps of the pit) who sundry times captained
     the pagan Roman soldiery, it is strange that our first
     American crusade was not in some such wise also signalized.
     Yet it is said that the Lord hath manifestly prospered our
     armies. This opens the question, whether, when our hands are
     strengthened to make great slaughter of our enemies, it be
     absolutely and demonstratively certain that this might is
     added to us from above, or whether some Potentate from an
     opposite quarter may not have a finger in it, as there are
     few pies into which his meddling digits are not thrust.
     Would the Sanctifier and Setter-apart of the seventh day
     have assisted in a victory gained on the Sabbath, as was one
     in the late war? Or has that day become less an object of
     his especial care since the year 1697, when so manifest a
     providence occurred to Mr. William Trowbridge, in answer to
     whose prayers, when he and all on shipboard with him were
     starving, a dolphin was sent daily, "which was enough to
     serve 'em; only on _Saturdays_ they still catched a couple,
     and on the _Lord's Days_ they could catch none at all"?
     Haply they might have been permitted, by way of
     mortification, to take some few sculpins (those banes of the
     salt-water angler), which unseemly fish would, moreover,
     have conveyed to them a symbolical reproof for their breach
     of the day, being known in the rude dialect of our mariners
     as _Cape Cod Clergymen_.

     It has been a refreshment to many nice consciences to know
     that our Chief Magistrate would not regard with eyes of
     approval the (by many esteemed) sinful pastime of dancing,
     and I own myself to be so far of that mind, that I could not
     but set my face against this Mexican Polka, though danced to
     the Presidential piping with a Gubernatorial second. If ever
     the country should be seized with another such mania _de
     propagandâ fide_, I think it would be wise to fill our
     bombshells with alternate copies of the Cambridge Platform
     and the Thirty-nine Articles, which would produce a mixture
     of the highest explosive power, and to wrap every one of our
     cannon-balls in a leaf of the New Testament, the reading of
     which is denied to those who sit in the darkness of Popery.
     Those iron evangelists would thus be able to disseminate
     vital religion and Gospel truth in quarters inaccessible to
     the ordinary missionary. I have seen lads, unimpregnate with
     the more sublimated punctiliousness of Walton, secure
     pickerel, taking their unwary _siesta_ beneath the lily-pads
     too nigh the surface, with a gun and small shot. Why not,
     then, since gunpowder was unknown in the time of the
     Apostles (not to enter here upon the question whether it
     were discovered before that period by the Chinese), suit our
     metaphor to the age in which we live, and say _shooters_ as
     well as _fishers_ of men?

     I do much fear that we shall be seized now and then with a
     Protestant fervor, as long as we have neighbor Naboths whose
     wallowings in Papistical mire excite our horror in exact
     proportion to the size and desirableness of their vineyards.
     Yet I rejoice that some earnest Protestants have been made
     by this war,--I mean those who protested against it. Fewer
     they were than I could wish, for one might imagine America
     to have been colonized by a tribe of those nondescript
     African animals the Aye-Ayes, so difficult a word is No to
     us all. There is some malformation or defect of the vocal
     organs, which either prevents our uttering it at all, or
     gives it so thick a pronunciation as to be unintelligible. A
     mouth filled with the national pudding, or watering in
     expectation thereof, is wholly incompetent to this
     refractory monosyllable. An abject and herpetic Public
     Opinion is the Pope, the Anti-Christ, for us to protest
     against _e corde cordium_. And by what College of Cardinals
     is this our God's-vicar, our binder and looser, elected?
     Very like, by the sacred conclave of Tag, Rag, and Bobtail,
     in the gracious atmosphere of the grog-shop. Yet it is of
     this that we must all be puppets. This thumps the
     pulpit-cushion, this guides the editor's pen, this wags the
     senator's tongue. This decides what Scriptures are
     canonical, and shuffles Christ away into the Apocrypha.
     According to that sentence fathered upon Solon, Οὕτω δημόσιον
     κακὸν ἔρχεται οἴκαδ' ἑκάστῳ. This unclean spirit is
     skilful to assume various shapes. I have known it to
     enter my own study and nudge my elbow of a Saturday,
     under the semblance of a wealthy member of my
     congregation. It were a great blessing, if every
     particular of what in the sum we call popular sentiment
     could carry about the name of its manufacturer stamped
     legibly upon it. I gave a stab under the fifth rib to
     that pestilent fallacy,--"Our country, right or
     wrong,"--by tracing its original to a speech of Ensign
     Cilley at a dinner of the Bungtown Fencibles.  H. W.]




                               No. III.

                      WHAT MR. ROBINSON THINKS.


     [A few remarks on the following verses will not be out of
     place. The satire in them was not meant to have any
     personal, but only a general, application. Of the gentleman
     upon whose letter they were intended as a commentary Mr.
     Biglow had never heard, till he saw the letter itself. The
     position of the satirist is oftentimes one which he would
     not have chosen, had the election been left to himself. In
     attacking bad principles, he is obliged to select some
     individual who has made himself their exponent, and in whom
     they are impersonate, to the end that what he says may not,
     through ambiguity, be dissipated _tenues in auras_. For what
     says Seneca? _Longum iter per præcepta, breve et efficace
     per exempla._ A bad principle is comparatively harmless
     while it continues to be an abstraction, nor can the general
     mind comprehend it fully till it is printed in that large
     type which all men can read at sight, namely, the life and
     character, the sayings and doings, of particular persons. It
     is one of the cunningest fetches of Satan, that he never
     exposes himself directly to our arrows, but, still dodging
     behind this neighbor or that acquaintance, compels us to
     wound him through them, if at all. He holds our affections
     as hostages, the while he patches up a truce with our
     conscience.

     Meanwhile, let us not forget that the aim of the true
     satirist is not to be severe upon persons, but only upon
     falsehood, and, as Truth and Falsehood start from the same
     point, and sometimes even go along together for a little
     way, his business is to follow the path of the latter after
     it diverges, and to show her floundering in the bog at the
     end of it. Truth is quite beyond the reach of satire. There
     is so brave a simplicity in her, that she can no more be
     made ridiculous than an oak or a pine. The danger of the
     satirist is, that continual use may deaden his sensibility
     to the force of language. He becomes more and more liable to
     strike harder than he knows or intends. He may be careful to
     put on his boxing-gloves, and yet forget, that, the older
     they grow, the more plainly may the knuckles inside be felt.
     Moreover, in the heat of contest, the eye is insensibly
     drawn to the crown of victory, whose tawdry tinsel glitters
     through that dust of the ring which obscures Truth's wreath
     of simple leaves. I have sometimes thought that my young
     friend, Mr. Biglow, needed a monitory hand laid on his
     arm,--_aliquid sufflaminandus erat_. I have never thought it
     good husbandry to water the tender plants of reform with
     _aqua fortis_, yet, where so much is to do in the beds, he
     were a sorry gardener who should wage a whole day's war with
     an iron scuffle on those ill weeds that make the
     garden-walks of life unsightly, when a sprinkle of Attic
     salt will wither them up. _Est ars etiam maledicendi_, says
     Scaliger, and truly it is a hard thing to say where the
     graceful gentleness of the lamb merges in downright
     sheepishness. We may conclude with worthy and wise Dr.
     Fuller, that "one may be a lamb in private wrongs, but in
     hearing general affronts to goodness they are asses which
     are not lions."--H. W.]

  Guvener B. is a sensible man;
    He stays to his home an' looks arter his folks;
  He draws his furrer ez straight ez he can,
    An' into nobody's tater-patch pokes;--
             But John P.
              Robinson he
     Sez he wunt vote fer Guvener B.

  My! aint it terrible? Wut shall we du?
    We can't never choose him, o' course,--thet's flat;
  Guess we shall hev to come round, (don't you?)
    An' go in fer thunder an' guns, an' all that;
              Fer John P.
              Robinson he
     Sez he wunt vote fer Guvener B.

  Gineral C. is a dreffle smart man:
    He's ben on all sides thet give places or pelf;
  But consistency still wuz a part of his plan,--
    He's been true to _one_ party and thet is himself;--
              So John P.
              Robinson he
     Sez he shall vote fer Gineral C.

  Gineral C. he goes in fer the war;
    He don't vally principle more 'n an old cud;
  Wut did God make us raytional creeturs fer,
    But glory an' gunpowder, plunder an' blood?
              So John P.
              Robinson he
     Sez he shall vote fer Gineral G.

  We were gittin' on nicely up here to our village,
    With good old idees o' wut's right an' wut aint,
  We kind o' thought Christ went agin war an' pillage,
    An' thet eppyletts worn't the best mark of a saint
              But John P.
              Robinson he
    Sez this kind o' thing's an exploded idee.

  The side of our country must ollers be took,
    An' Presidunt Polk, you know, _he_ is our country.
  An' the angel thet writes all our sins in a book
    Puts the _debit_ to him, an' to us the _per contry_;
              An' John P.
              Robinson he
     Sez this is his view o' the thing to a T.

  Parson Wilbur he calls all these argimunts lies;
    Sez they're nothin' on airth but jest _fee, faw, fum_:
  An' thet all this big talk of our destinies
    Is half on it ignorance, an' t' other half rum,
              But John P.
              Robinson he
     Sez it aint no sech thing; an', of course, so must we.

  Parson Wilbur sez _he_ never heerd in his life
    Thet th' Apostles rigged out in their swaller-tail coats,
  An' marched round in front of a drum an' a fife,
    To git some on 'em office, an' some on 'em votes,
              But John P.
              Robinson he
     Sez they didn't know everythin' down in Judee.

  Wal, it's a marcy we've gut folks to tell us
    The rights an' the wrongs o' these matters, I vow,--
  God sends country lawyers, an' other wise fellers,
    To start the world's team wen it gits in a slough;
              Fer John P.
              Robinson he
     Sez the world'll go right, ef he hollers out Gee!

     [The attentive reader will doubtless have perceived in the
     foregoing poem an allusion to that pernicious
     sentiment,--"Our country, right or wrong." It is an abuse of
     language to call a certain portion of land, much more,
     certain personages, elevated for the time being to high
     station, our country. I would not sever nor loosen a single
     one of those ties by which we are united to the spot of our
     birth, nor minish by a tittle the respect due to the
     Magistrate. I love our own Bay State too well to do the one,
     and as for the other, I have myself for nigh forty years
     exercised, however unworthily, the function of Justice of
     the Peace, having been called thereto by the unsolicited
     kindness of that most excellent man and upright patriot,
     Caleb Strong. _Patriæ fumus igne alieno luculentior_ is best
     qualified with this,--_Ubi libertas, ibi patria_. We are
     inhabitants of two worlds, and owe a double but not a
     divided, allegiance. In virtue of our clay, this little ball
     of earth exacts a certain loyalty of us, while, in our
     capacity as spirits, we are admitted citizens of an
     invisible and holier fatherland. There is a patriotism of
     the soul whose claim absolves us from our other and terrene
     fealty. Our true country is that ideal realm which we
     represent to ourselves under the names of religion, duty,
     and the like. Our terrestrial organizations are but far-off
     approaches to so fair a model, and all they are verily
     traitors who resist not any attempt to divert them from this
     their original intendment. When, therefore, one would have
     us to fling up our caps and shout with the multitude,--"_Our
     country, however bounded!_" he demands of us that we
     sacrifice the larger to the less, the higher to the lower,
     and that we yield to the imaginary claims of a few acres of
     soil our duty and privilege as liegemen of Truth. Our true
     country is bounded on the north and the south, on the east
     and the west, by Justice, and when she oversteps that
     invisible boundary-line by so much as a hair's-breadth, she
     ceases to be our mother, and chooses rather to be looked
     upon _quasi noverca_. That is a hard choice, when our
     earthly love of country calls upon us to tread one path and
     our duty points us to another. We must make as noble and
     becoming an election as did Penelope between Icarius and
     Ulysses. Veiling our faces, we must take silently the hand
     of Duty to follow her.

     Shortly after the publication of the foregoing poem, there
     appeared some comments upon it in one of the public prints
     which seemed to call for animadversion. I accordingly
     addressed to Mr. Buckingham, of the Boston Courier, the
     following letter.

                                     |Jaalam|, November 4, 1847.
     _'To the Editor of the Courier:_

     "|Respected Sir|,--Calling at the post-office this morning,
     our worthy and efficient postmaster offered for my perusal a
     paragraph in the Boston Morning Post of the 3d instant,
     wherein certain effusions of the pastoral muse are
     attributed to the pen of Mr. James Russell Lowell. For aught
     I know or can affirm to the contrary, this Mr. Lowell may be
     a very deserving person and a youth of parts (though I have
     seen verses of his which I could never rightly understand);
     and if he be such, he, I am certain, as well as I, would be
     free from any proclivity to appropriate to himself whatever
     of credit (or discredit) may honestly belong to another. I
     am confident, that, in penning these few lines, I am only
     forestalling a disclaimer from that young gentleman, whose
     silence hitherto, when rumor pointed to himward, has excited
     in my bosom mingled emotions of sorrow and surprise. Well
     may my young parishioner, Mr. Biglow, exclaim with the poet,

                      'Sic vos non vobis,' &c.;

     though, in saying this, I would not convey the impression
     that he is a proficient in the Latin tongue,--the tongue, I
     might add, of a Horace and a Tully.

     "Mr. B. does not employ his pen, I can safely say, for any
     lucre of worldly gain, or to be exalted by the carnal
     plaudits of men _digito monstrari_, &c. He does not wait
     upon Providence for mercies, and in his heart mean _merces_.
     But I should esteem myself as verily deficient in my duty
     (who am his friend and in some unworthy sort his spiritual
     _fidus Achates_, &c.), if I did not step forward to claim
     for him whatever measure of applause might be assigned to
     him by the judicious.

     "If this were a fitting occasion, I might venture here a
     brief dissertation touching the manner and kind of my young
     friend's poetry. But I dubitate whether this abstruser sort
     of speculation (though enlivened by some apposite instances
     from Aristophanes) would sufficiently interest your oppidan
     readers. As regards their satirical tone, and their
     plainness of speech, I will only say, that, in my pastoral
     experience, I have found that the Arch-Enemy loves nothing
     better than to be treated as a religious, moral, and
     intellectual being, and that there is no _apage Sathanas_!
     so potent as ridicule. But it is a kind of weapon that must
     have a button of good-nature on the point of it.

     "The productions of Mr. B. have been stigmatized in some
     quarters as unpatriotic; but I can vouch that he loves his
     native soil with that hearty, though discriminating,
     attachment which springs from an intimate social intercourse
     of many years' standing. In the ploughing season, no one has
     a deeper share in the well-being of the country than he. If
     Dean Swift were right in saying that he who makes two blades
     of grass grow where one grew before confers a greater
     benefit on the state than he who taketh a city, Mr. B. might
     exhibit a fairer claim to the Presidency than General Scott
     himself. I think that some of those disinterested lovers of
     the hard-handed democracy, whose fingers have never touched
     anything rougher than the dollars of our common country,
     would hesitate to compare palms with him. It would do your
     heart good, respected Sir, to see that young man mow. He
     cuts a cleaner and wider swarth than any in this town.

     "But it is time for me to be at my Post. It is very clear
     that my young friend's shot has struck the lintel, for the
     Post is shaken (Amos ix. 1). The editor of that paper is a
     strenuous advocate of the Mexican war, and a colonel, as I
     am given to understand. I presume, that, being necessarily
     absent in Mexico, he has left his journal in some less
     judicious hands. At any rate, the Post has been too swift on
     this occasion. It could hardly have cited a more
     incontrovertible line from any poem than that which it has
     selected for animadversion, namely,--

          'We kind o' thought Christ went agin war an' pillage.'

     "If the Post maintains the converse of this proposition, it
     can hardly be considered as a safe guide-post for the moral
     and religious portions of its party, however many other
     excellent qualities of a post it may be blessed with. There
     is a sign in London on which is painted,--'The Green Man.'
     It would do very well as a portrait of any individual who
     would support so unscriptural a thesis. As regards the
     language of the line in question, I am bold to say that He
     who readeth the hearts of men will not account any dialect
     unseemly which conveys a sound and pious sentiment. I could
     wish that such sentiments were more common, however
     uncouthly expressed. Saint Ambrose affirms, that _veritas a
     quocunque_ (why not, then, _quomodocunque_?) _dicatur, a
     spiritu sancto est_. Digest also this of Baxter:--'The
     plainest words are the most profitable oratory in the
     weightiest matters.'

     "When the paragraph in question was shown to Mr. Biglow, the
     only part of it which seemed to give him any dissatisfaction
     was that which classed him with the Whig party. He says,
     that, if resolutions are a nourishing kind of diet, that
     party must be in a very hearty and flourishing condition;
     for that they have quietly eaten more good ones of their own
     baking than he could have conceived to be possible without
     repletion. He has been for some years past (I regret to say)
     an ardent opponent of those sound doctrines of protective
     policy which form so prominent a portion of the creed of
     that party. I confess, that, in some discussions which I
     have had with him on this point in my study, he has
     displayed a vein of obstinacy which I had not hitherto
     detected in his composition. He is also (_horresco
     referens_) infected in no small measure with the peculiar
     notions of a print called the Liberator, whose heresies I
     take every proper opportunity of combating, and of which, I
     thank God, I have never read a single line.

     "I did not see Mr. B.'s verses until they appeared in print,
     and there is certainly one thing in them which I consider
     highly improper. I allude to the personal references to
     myself by name. To confer notoriety on an humble individual
     who is laboring quietly in his vocation, and who keeps his
     cloth as free as he can from the dust of the political arena
     (though _væ mihi si non evangelizavero_), is no doubt an
     indecorum. The sentiments which he attributes to me I will
     not deny to be mine. They were embodied, though in a
     different form, in a discourse preached upon the last day of
     public fasting, and were acceptable to my entire people (of
     whatever political views), except the postmaster, who
     dissented _ex officio_. I observe that you sometimes devote
     a portion of your paper to a religious summary. I should be
     well pleased to furnish a copy of my discourse for insertion
     in this department of your instructive journal. By omitting
     the advertisements, it might easily be got within the limits
     of a single number, and I venture to insure you the sale of
     some scores of copies in this town. I will cheerfully render
     myself responsible for ten. It might possibly be
     advantageous to issue it as an _extra_. But perhaps you will
     not esteem it an object, and I will not press it. My offer
     does not spring from any weak desire of seeing my name in
     print; for I can enjoy this satisfaction at any time by
     turning to the Triennial Catalogue of the University, where
     it also possesses that added emphasis of Italics with which
     those of my calling are distinguished.

     "I would simply add, that I continue to fit ingenuous youth
     for college, and that I have two spacious and airy sleeping
     apartments at this moment unoccupied. _Ingenuas didicisse_,
     &c. Terms, which vary according to the circumstances of the
     parents, may be known on application to me by letter, post
     paid. In all cases the lad will be expected to fetch his own
     towels. This rule, Mrs. W. desires me to add, has no
     exceptions.

            "Respectfully, your obedient servant,
                                          "|Homer Wilbur|, A.M.

     "P.S. Perhaps the last paragraph may look like an attempt to
     obtain the insertion of my circular gratuitously. If it
     should appear to you in that light, I desire that you would
     erase it, or charge for it at the usual rates, and deduct
     the amount from the proceeds in your hands from the sale of
     my discourse, when it shall be printed. My circular is much
     longer and more explicit, and will be forwarded without
     charge to any who may desire it. It has been very neatly
     executed on a letter sheet, by a very deserving printer, who
     attends upon my ministry, and is a creditable specimen of
     the typographic art. I have one hung over my mantelpiece in
     a neat frame, where it makes a beautiful and appropriate
     ornament, and balances the profile of Mrs. W., cut with her
     toes by the young lady born without arms.        H. W."

     I have in the foregoing letter mentioned General Scott in
     connection with the Presidency, because I have been given to
     understand that he has blown to pieces and otherwise caused
     to be destroyed more Mexicans than any other commander. His
     claim would therefore be deservedly considered the
     strongest. Until accurate returns of the Mexicans killed,
     wounded, and maimed be obtained, it will be difficult to
     settle these nice points of precedence. Should it prove that
     any other officer has been more meritorious and destructive
     than General S., and has thereby rendered himself more
     worthy of the confidence and support of the conservative
     portion of our community, I shall cheerfully insert his
     name, instead of that of General S., in a future edition. It
     may be thought, likewise, that General S. has invalidated
     his claims by too much attention to the decencies of
     apparel, and the habits belonging to a gentleman. These
     abstruser points of statesmanship are beyond my scope. I
     wonder not that successful military achievement should
     attract the admiration of the multitude. Rather do I rejoice
     with wonder to behold how rapidly this sentiment is losing
     its hold upon the popular mind. It is related of Thomas
     Warton, the second of that honored name who held the office
     of Poetry Professor at Oxford, that, when one wished to find
     him, being absconded, as was his wont, in some obscure
     alehouse, he was counselled to traverse the city with a drum
     and fife, the sound of which inspiring music would be sure
     to draw the Doctor from his retirement into the street. We
     are all more or less bitten with this martial insanity.
     _Nescio quâ dulcedine ... cunctos ducit._ I confess to some
     infection of that itch myself. When I see a
     Brigadier-General maintaining his insecure elevation in the
     saddle under the severe fire of the training-field, and when
     I remember that some military enthusiasts, through haste,
     inexperience, or an over-desire to lend reality to those
     fictitious combats, will sometimes discharge their ramrods,
     I cannot but admire, while I deplore, the mistaken devotion
     of those heroic officers. _Semel insanivimus omnes._ I was
     myself, during the late war with Great Britain, chaplain of
     a regiment, which was fortunately never called to active
     military duty. I mention this circumstance with regret
     rather than pride. Had I been summoned to actual warfare, I
     trust that I might have been strengthened to bear myself
     after the manner of that reverend father in our New England
     Israel, Dr. Benjamin Colman, who, as we are told in Turell's
     life of him, when the vessel in which he had taken passage
     for England was attacked by a French privateer, "fought like
     a philosopher and a Christian,... and prayed all the while
     he charged and fired." As this note is already long, I shall
     not here enter upon a discussion of the question, whether
     Christians may lawfully be soldiers. I think it sufficiently
     evident, that, during the first two centuries of the
     Christian era, at least, two professions were esteemed
     incompatible. Consult Jortin on this head.--H. W.]




                                No. IV.

REMARKS OF INCREASE D. O'PHACE, ESQUIRE, AT AN EXTRUMPERY CAUCUS IN
STATE STREET, REPORTED BY MR. H. BIGLOW.


     [The ingenious reader will at once understand that no such
     speech as the following was ever _totidem verbis_
     pronounced. But there are simpler and less guarded wits, for
     the satisfying of which such an explanation may be needful.
     For there are certain invisible lines, which as Truth
     successively overpasses, she becomes Untruth to one and
     another of us, as a large river, flowing from one kingdom
     into another, sometimes takes a new name, albeit the waters
     undergo no change, how small soever. There is, moreover, a
     truth of fiction more veracious than the truth of fact, as
     that of the Poet, which represents to us things and events
     as they ought to be, rather than servilely copies them as
     they are imperfectly imaged in the crooked and smoky glass
     of our mundane affairs. It is this which makes the speech of
     Antonius, though originally spoken in no wider a forum than
     the brain of Shakspeare, more historically valuable than
     that other which Appian has reported, by as much as the
     understanding of the Englishman was more comprehensive than
     that of the Alexandrian. Mr. Biglow, in the present
     instance, has only made use of a license assumed by all the
     historians of antiquity, who put into the mouths of various
     characters such words as seem to them most fitting to the
     occasion and to the speaker. If it be objected that no such
     oration could ever have been delivered, I answer, that there
     are few assemblages for speech-making which do not better
     deserve the title of _Parliamentum Indoctorum_ than did the
     sixth Parliament of Henry the Fourth, and that men still
     continue to have as much faith in the Oracle of Fools as
     ever Pantagruel had. Howell, in his letters, recounts a
     merry tale of a certain ambassador of Queen Elizabeth, who,
     having written two letters, one to her Majesty and the other
     to his wife, directed them at cross-purposes, so that the
     Queen was beducked and bedeared and requested to send a
     change of hose, and the wife was beprincessed and otherwise
     unwontedly besuperlatived, till the one feared for the wits
     of her ambassador, and the other for those of her husband.
     In like manner it may be presumed that our speaker has
     misdirected some of his thoughts, and given to the whole
     theatre what he would have wished to confide only to a
     select auditory at the back of the curtain. For it is seldom
     that we can get any frank utterance from men, who address,
     for the most part, a Buncombe either in this world or the
     next. As for their audiences, it may be truly said of our
     people, that they enjoy one political institution in common
     with the ancient Athenians: I mean a certain profitless kind
     of _ostracism_, wherewith, nevertheless, they seem hitherto
     well enough content. For in Presidential elections, and
     other affairs of the sort, whereas I observe that the
     _oysters_ fall to the lot of comparatively few, the _shells_
     (such as the privileges of voting as they are told to do by
     the _ostrivori_ aforesaid, and of huzzaing at public
     meetings) are very liberally distributed among the people,
     as being their prescriptive and quite sufficient portion.

     The occasion of the speech is supposed to be Mr. Palfrey's
     refusal to vote for the Whig candidate for the
     Speakership.--H. W.]

  No? Hez he? He haint, though? Wut? Voted agin him?
  Ef the bird of our country could ketch him, she'd skin him;
  I seem's though I see her, with wrath in each quill,
  Like a chancery lawyer, afilin' her bill,
  An' grindin' her talents ez sharp ez all nater,
  To pounce like a writ on the back o' the traitor.
  Forgive me, my friends, ef I seem to be het,
  But a crisis like this must with vigor be met;
  Wen an Arnold the star-spangled banner bestains,
  Holl Fourth o' Julys seem to bile in my veins.

  Who ever'd ha' thought sech a pisonous rig
  Would be run by a chap thet wuz chose fer a Wig?
  "We knowed wut his principles wuz 'fore we sent him?'
  Wut wuz ther in them from this vote to pervent him?
  A marciful Providunce fashioned us holler
  O' purpose thet we might our principles swaller;
  It can hold any quantity on 'em, the belly can,
  An' bring 'em up ready fer use like the pelican,
  Or more like the kangaroo, who (wich is stranger)
  Puts her family into her pouch wen there's danger.
  Aint principle precious? then, who's goin' to use it
  Wen there's resk o' some chap's gittin' up to abuse it?
  I can't tell the wy on 't, but nothin' is so sure
  Ez ther principle kind o' gits spiled by exposure;[T]
  A man thet lets all sorts o' folks git a sight on 't
  Ough' to hev it all took right away, every mite on 't;
  Ef he can't keep it all to himself wen it's wise to,
  He aint one it's fit to trust nothin' so nice to.

  [Footnote T: The speaker is of a different mind from Tully,
     who, in his recently discovered tractate _De Republicâ_,
     tells us,--_Nec vero habere virtutem satis est, quasi artem
     aliquam, nisi utare_, and from our Milton, who says,--"I
     cannot praise a fugitive and cloistered virtue, unexercised
     and unbreathed, that never sallies out and sees her
     adversary, but slinks out of the race where that immortal
     garland is to be run for, _not without dust and
     heat_."--_Areop._ He had taken the words out of the Roman's
     mouth, without knowing it, and might well exclaim with
     Austin (if a saint's name may stand sponsor for a curse.)
     _Pereant qui ante nos nostra dixerint!_--H. W.]

  Besides, ther's a wonderful power in latitude
  To shift a man's morril relations an' attitude;
  Some flossifers think thet a fakkilty's granted
  The minnit it's proved to be thoroughly wanted,
  Thet a change o' demand makes a change o' condition,
  An' thet everythin' 's nothin' except by position,
  Ez, fer instance, thet rubber-trees fust begun bearin'
  Wen p'litikle conshunces come into wearin',--
  Thet the fears of a monkey, whose holt chanced to fail,
  Drawed the vertibry out to a prehensile tail;
  So, wen one's chose to Congriss, ez soon ez he's in it,
  A collar grows right round his neck in a minnit,
  An' sartin it is thet a man cannot be strict
  In bein' himself, wen he gits to the Deestrict,
  Fer a coat thet sets wal here in ole Massachusetts,
  Wen it gits on to Washinton, somehow askew sets.

  Resolves, do you say, o' the Springfield Convention?
  Thet's percisely the pint I was goin' to mention;
  Resolves air a thing we most gen'ally keep ill,
  They're a cheap kind o' dust fer the eyes o' the people;
  A parcel o' delligits jest git together
  An' chat fer a spell o' the crops an' the weather,
  Then, comin' to order, they squabble awile
  An' let off the speeches they're ferful 'll spile;
  Then--Resolve,--Thet we wunt hev an inch o' slave territory;
  Thet President Polk's holl perceedins air very tory;
  Thet the war is a damned war, an' them thet enlist in it
  Should hev a cravat with a dreffle tight twist in it;
  Thet the war is a war fer the spreadin' o' slavery;
  Thet our army desarves our best thanks fer their bravery;
  Thet we're the original friends o' the nation,
  All the rest air a paltry an' base fabrication;
  Thet we highly respect Messrs. A, B, an' C,
  An' ez deeply despise Messrs. E, F, an' G.
  In this way they go to the eend o' the chapter,
  An' then they bust out in a kind of a raptur
  About their own vartoo, an' folks's stone-blindness
  To the men thet 'ould actilly do 'em a kindness,--
  The American eagle,--the Pilgrims thet landed,--
  Till on ole Plymouth Rock they git finally stranded.
  Wal, the people they listen and say, "Thet's the ticket;
  Ez fer Mexico, t'aint no great glory to lick it,
  But 't would be a darned shame to go pullin' o' triggers
  To extend the aree of abusin' the niggers."

  So they march in percessions, an' git up hooraws,
  An' tramp thru the mud fer the good o' the cause,
  An' think they're a kind o' fulfillin' the prophecies,
  Wen they're on'y jest changin' the holders of offices;
  Ware A sot afore, B is comf'tably seated,
  One humbug's victor'ous, an' t' other defeated,
  Each honnable doughface gits jest wut he axes,
  An' the people--their annool soft-sodder an' taxes.

  Now, to keep unimpared all these glorious feeturs
  Thet characterize morril an' reasonin' creeturs,
  Thet give every paytriot all he can cram,
  Thet oust the untrustworthy Presidunt Flam,
  And stick honest Presidunt Sham in his place,
  To the manifest gain o' the holl human race,
  An' to some indervidgewals on 't in partickler,
  Who love Public Opinion an' know now to tickle her,--
  I say thet a party with great aims like these
  Must stick jest ez close ez a hive full o' bees.

  I'm willin' a man should go tollable strong
  Agin wrong in the abstract, fer thet kind o' wrong
  Is ollers unpop'lar an' never gits pitied,
  Because it's a crime no one never committed;
  But he mus'n't be hard on partickler sins,
  Coz then he'll be kickin' the people's own shins;
  On'y look at the Demmercrats, see wut they've done
  Jest simply by stickin' together like fun;
  They've sucked us right into a mis'able war
  Thet no one on airth aint responsible for;
  They've run us a hundred cool millions in debt,
  (An' fer Demmercrat Horners ther's good plums left yet;)
  They talk agin tayriffs, but act fer a high one,
  An' so coax all parties to build up their Zion;
  To the people they're ollers ez slick ez molasses,
  An' butter their bread on both sides with The Masses,
  Half o' whom they've persuaded, by way of a joke,
  Thet Washinton's mantelpiece fell upon Polk.

  Now all o' these blessin's the Wigs might enjoy,
  Ef they'd gumption enough the right means to imploy;[U]
  Fer the silver spoon born in Dermocracy's mouth
  Is a kind of a scringe thet they hev to the South;
  Their masters can cuss 'em an' kick 'em an' wale 'em,
  An' they notice it less 'an the ass did to Balaam;
  In this way they screw into second-rate offices
  Wich the slaveholder thinks 'ould substract too much off his ease;
  The file-leaders, I mean, du, fer they, by their wiles,
  Unlike the old viper, grow fat on their files.
  Wal, the Wigs hev been tryin' to grab all this prey frum 'em
  An' to hook this nice spoon o' good fortin' away frum 'em
  An' they might ha' succeeded, ez likely ez not,
  In lickin' the Demmercrats all round the lot,
  Ef it warn't thet, wile all faithful Wigs were their knees on,
  Some stuffy old codger would holler out,--"Treason!
  You must keep a sharp eye on a dog thet hez bit you once,
  An' _I_ aint agoin' to cheat my constitoounts,"--
  Wen every fool knows thet a man represents
  Not the fellers thet sent him, but them on the fence,--
  Impartially ready to jump either side
  An' make the fust use of a turn o' the tide,--
  The waiters on Providunce here in the city,
  Who compose wut they call a State Centerl Committy.
  Constitoounts air hendy to help a man in,
  But arterwards don't weigh the heft of a pin.
  Wy, the people can't all live on Uncle Sam's pus,
  So they've nothin' to du with 't fer better or wus;
  It's the folks thet air kind o' brought up to depend on 't
  Thet hev any consarn in 't, an' thet is the end on 't.

  [Footnote U:  That was a pithy saying of Persius, and fits
     our politicians without a wrinkle,-_Magister artis,
     ingeniique largitor venter._--H. W.]

  Now here wuz New England ahevin' the honor
  Of a chance at the Speakership showered upon her;--
  Do you say,--"She don't want no more Speakers, but fewer;
  She's hed plenty o' them, wut she wants is a _doer_"?
  Fer the matter o' thet it's notorous in town
  Thet her own representatives du her quite brown.
  But thet's nothin' to du with it; wut right hed Palfrey
  To mix himself up with fanatical small fry?
  Warn't we gittin' on prime with our hot an' cold blowin',
  Acondemnin' the war wilst we kep' it agoin'?
  We'd assumed with gret skill a commandin' position,
  On this side or thet, no one couldn't tell wich one,
  So, wutever side wipped, we'd a chance at the plunder
  An' could sue fer infringin' our paytented thunder;
  We were ready to vote fer whoever wuz eligible,
  Ef on all pints at issoo he'd stay unintelligible.
  Wal, sposin' we hed to gulp down our perfessions,
  We were ready to come out next mornin' with fresh ones;
  Besides, ef we did, 'twas our business alone,
  Fer couldn't we du wut we would with our own?
  An' ef a man can, wen pervisions hev riz so,
  Eat up his own words, it's a marcy it is so.

  Wy, these chaps frum the North, with back-bones to 'em, darn 'em,
  'Ould be wuth more 'an Gennle Tom Thumb is to Barnum;
  Ther's enough thet to office on this very plan grow,
  By exhibitin' how very small a man can grow;
  But an M. C. frum here ollers hastens to state he
  Belongs to the order called invertebraty,
  Wence some gret filologists judge primy fashy
  Thet M. C. is M. T. by paronomashy;
  An' these few exceptions air _loosus naytury_
  Folks 'ould put down their quarters to stare at, like fury.

  It's no use to open the door o' success,
  Ef a member can bolt so fer nothin' or less;
  Wy, all o' them grand constitootional pillers
  Our fore-fathers fetched with 'em over the billers,
  Them pillers the people so soundly hev slep' on,
  Wile to slav'ry, invasion, an' debt they were swep' on,
  Wile our Destiny higher an' higher kep' mountin',
  (Though I guess folks'll stare wen she hends her account in,)
  Ef members in this way go kickin' agin 'em,
  They wunt hev so much ez a feather left in 'em.

  An', ez fer this Palfrey,[V] we thought wen we'd gut him in,
  He'd go kindly in wutever harness we put him in;
  Supposin' we _did_ know thet he wuz a peace man?
  Doos he think he can be Uncle Sammle's policeman,
  An' wen Sam gits tipsy an' kicks up a riot,
  Lead him off to the lockup to snooze till he's quiet?
  Wy, the war is a war thet true paytriots can bear, ef
  It leads to the fat promised land of a tayriff;
  We don't go an' fight it, nor aint to be driv on,
  Nor Demmercrats nuther, thet hev wut to live on;
  Ef it aint jest the thing thet's well pleasin' to God,
  It makes us thought highly on elsewhere abroad;
  The Rooshian black eagle looks blue in his eerie
  An' shakes both his heads wen he hears o' Monteery;
  In the Tower Victory sets, all of a fluster,
  An' reads, with locked doors, how we won Cherry Buster;
  An' old Philip Lewis--thet come an' kep' school here
  Fer the mere sake o' scorin' his ryalist ruler
  On the tenderest part of our kings _in futuro_--
  Hides his crown underneath an old shut in his bureau,
  Breaks off in his brags to a suckle o' merry kings,
  How he often hed hided young native Amerrikins,
  An', turnin' quite faint in the midst of his fooleries,
  Sneaks down stairs to bolt the front door o' the Tooleries.[W]

  [Footnote V:
       There is truth yet in this of Juvenal,--
             "Dat veniam corvis, vexat censura columbas."
                                                        H. W.]

  [Footnote W: Jortin is willing to allow of other miracles
     besides those recorded in Holy Writ, and why not of other
     prophecies? It is granting too much to Satan to suppose him,
     as divers of the learned have done, the inspirer of the
     ancient oracles. Wiser, I esteem it, to give chance the
     credit of the successful ones. What is said here of Louis
     Philippe was verified in some of its minute particulars
     within a few months' time. Enough to have made the fortune
     of Delphi or Hammon, and no thanks to Beelzebub neither!
     That of Seneca in Medea will suit here:--

             "Rapida fortuna ac levis
       Præcepsque regno eripuit, exsilio dedit."

     Let us allow, even to richly deserved misfortune, our
     commiseration, and be not over-hasty meanwhile in our
     censure of the French people, left for the first time to
     govern themselves, remembering that wise sentence of
     Æschylus,--
            Ἅπας, δὲ τραχὺς ὅστις ἂν νέον κρατῇ.
                                                 H. W.]

  You say,--"We'd ha' scared 'em by growin' in peace,
  A plaguy sight more then by bobberies like these"?
  Who is it dares say thet "our naytional eagle
  Wun't much longer be classed with the birds thet air regal,
  Coz theirn be hooked beaks, an' she, arter this slaughter,
  'll bring back a bill ten times longer 'n she ough' to"?
  Wut's your name? Come, I see ye, you up-country feller,
  You've put me out severil times with your beller;
  Out with it! Wut? Biglow? I say nothin' furder,
  Thet feller would like nothin' better 'n a murder;
  He's a traiter, blasphemer, an' wut ruther worse is,
  He puts all his ath'ism in dreffle bad verses;
  Socity aint safe till sech monsters air out on it,
  Refer to the Post, ef you hev the least doubt on it;
  Wy, he goes agin war, agin indirect taxes,
  Agin sellin' wild lands 'cept to settlers with axes,
  Agin holdin' o' slaves, though he knows it's the corner
  Our libbaty rests on, the mis'able scorner!
  In short, he would wholly upset with his ravages
  All thet keeps us above the brute critters an' savages,
  An' pitch into all kinds o' briles an' confusions
  The holl of our civilized, free institutions;
  He writes fer thet ruther unsafe print, the Courier,
  An' likely ez not hez a squintin' to Foorier;
  I'll be----, thet is, I mean I'll be blest,
  Ef I hark to a word frum so noted a pest;
  I shan't talk with _him_, my religion's too fervent.--
  Good mornin', my friends, I'm your most humble servant.

     [Into the question, whether the ability to express ourselves
     in articulate language has been productive of more good or
     evil, I shall not here enter at large. The two faculties of
     speech and of speech-making are wholly diverse in their
     natures. By the first we make ourselves intelligible, by the
     last unintelligible, to our fellows. It has not seldom
     occurred to me (noting how in our national legislature every
     thing runs to talk, as lettuces, if the season or the soil
     be unpropitious, shoot up lankly to seed, instead of forming
     handsome heads) that Babel was the first Congress, the
     earliest mill erected for the manufacture of gabble. In
     these days, what with Town Meetings, School Committees,
     Boards (lumber) of one kind and another, Congresses,
     Parliaments, Diets, Indian Councils, Palavers, and the like,
     there is scarce a village which has not its factories of
     this description driven by (milk-and-) water power. I cannot
     conceive the confusion of tongues to have been the curse of
     Babel, since I esteem my ignorance of other languages as a
     kind of Martello-tower, in which I am safe from the furious
     bombardments of foreign garrulity. For this reason I have
     ever preferred the study of the dead languages, those
     primitive formations being Ararats upon whose silent peaks I
     sit secure and watch this new deluge without fear, though it
     rain figures (_simulacra_, semblances) of speech forty days
     and nights together, as it not uncommonly happens. Thus is
     my coat, as it were, without buttons by which any but a
     vernacular wild bore can seize me. Is it not possible that
     the Shakers may intend to convey a quiet reproof and hint,
     in fastening their outer garments with hooks and eyes?

     This reflection concerning Babel, which I find in no
     Commentary, was first thrown upon my mind when an excellent
     deacon of my congregation (being infected with the Second
     Advent delusion) assured me that he had received a first
     instalment of the gift of tongues as a small earnest of
     larger possessions in the like kind to follow. For, of a
     truth, I could not reconcile it with my ideas of the Divine
     justice and mercy that the single wall which protected
     people, of other languages from the incursions of this
     otherwise well-meaning propagandist should be broken down.

     In reading Congressional debates, I have fancied, that,
     after the subsidence of those painful buzzings in the brain
     which result from such exercises, I detected a slender
     residuum of valuable information. I made the discovery that
     _nothing_ takes longer in the saying than any thing else,
     for, as _ex nihilo nihil fit_, so from one polypus _nothing_
     any number of similar ones may be produced. I would
     recommend to the attention of _vivâ voce_ debaters and
     controversialists the admirable example of the monk Copres,
     who, in the fourth century, stood for half an hour in the
     midst of a great fire, and thereby silenced a Manichæan
     antagonist who had less of the salamander in him. As for
     those who quarrel in print, I have no concern with them
     here, since the eyelids are a divinely-granted shield
     against all such. Moreover, I have observed in many modern
     books that the printed portion is becoming gradually
     smaller, and the number of blank or fly-leaves (as they are
     called) greater. Should this fortunate tendency of
     literature continue, books will grow more valuable from year
     to year, and the whole Serbonian bog yield to the advances
     of firm arable land.

     The sagacious Lacedæmonians hearing that Tesephone had
     bragged that he could talk all day long on any given
     subject, made no more ado, but forthwith banished him,
     whereby they supplied him a topic and at the same time took
     care that his experiment upon it should be tried out of
     ear-shot.

     I have wondered, in the Representatives' Chamber of our own
     Commonwealth, to mark how little impression seemed to be
     produced by that emblematic fish suspended over the heads of
     the members. Our wiser ancestors, no doubt, hung it there as
     being the animal which the Pythagoreans reverenced for its
     silence, and which certainly in that particular does not so
     well merit the epithet _cold-blooded_, by which naturalists
     distinguish it, as certain bipeds, afflicted with
     ditch-water on the brain, who take occasion to tap
     themselves in Fanueil Halls, meeting-houses, and other
     places of public resort.--H. W.]




                                No. V.

                      THE DEBATE IN THE SENNIT.

                        SOT TO A NUSRY RHYME.


     [The incident which gave rise to the debate satirized in the
     following verses was the unsuccessful attempt of Drayton and
     Sayres to give freedom to seventy men and women,
     fellow-beings and fellow-Christians. Had Tripoli, instead of
     Washington, been the scene of this undertaking, the unhappy
     leaders in it would have been as secure of the theoretic as
     they now are of the practical part of martyrdom. I question
     whether the Dey of Tripoli is blessed with a District
     Attorney so benighted as ours at the seat of government.
     Very fitly is he named Key, who would allow himself to be
     made the instrument of locking the door of hope against
     sufferers in such a cause. Not all the waters of the ocean
     can cleanse the vile smutch of the jailer's fingers from off
     that little Key. _Ahenea clavis_, a brazen Key indeed!

     Mr. Calhoun, who is made the chief speaker in this
     burlesque, seems to think that the light of the nineteenth
     century is to be put out as soon as he tinkles his little
     cow-bell curfew. Whenever slavery is touched, he sets up his
     scarecrow of dissolving the Union. This may do for the
     North, but I should conjecture that something more than a
     pumpkin-lantern is required to scare manifest and
     irretrievable Destiny out of her path. Mr. Calhoun cannot
     let go the apron-string of the Past. The Past is a good
     nurse, but we must be weaned from her sooner or later, even
     though, like Plotinus, we should run home from school to ask
     the breast, after we are tolerably well-grown youths. It
     will not do for us to hide our faces in her lap, whenever
     the strange Future holds out her arms and asks us to come to
     her.

     But we are all alike. We have all heard it said, often
     enough, that little boys must not play with fire; and yet,
     if the matches be taken away from us and put out of reach
     upon the shelf, we must needs get into our little corner,
     and scowl and stamp and threaten the dire revenge of going
     to bed without our supper. The world shall stop till we get
     our dangerous plaything again. Dame Earth, meanwhile, who
     has more than enough household matters to mind, goes
     bustling hither and thither as a hiss or a sputter tells her
     that this or that kettle of hers is boiling over and before
     bedtime we are glad to eat our porridge cold, and gulp down
     our dignity along with it.

     Mr. Calhoun has somehow acquired the name of a great
     statesman, and, if it be great statesmanship to put lance in
     rest and run a tilt at the Spirit of the Age with the
     certainty of being next moment hurled neck and heels into
     the dust amid universal laughter, he deserves the title. He
     is the Sir Kay of our modern chivalry. He should remember
     the old Scandinavian mythus. Thor was the strongest of gods,
     but he could not wrestle with Time, nor so much as lift up a
     fold of the great snake which knit the universe together;
     and when he smote the Earth, though with his terrible
     mallet, it was but as if a leaf had fallen. Yet all the
     while it seemed to Thor that he had only been wrestling with
     an old woman, striving to lift a cat, and striking a stupid
     giant on the head.

     And in old times, doubtless, the giants _were_ stupid, and
     there was no better sport for the Sir Launcelots and Sir
     Gawains than to go about cutting off their great blundering
     heads with enchanted swords. But things have wonderfully
     changed. It is the giants, now-a-days, that have the science
     and the intelligence, while the chivalrous Don Quixotes of
     Conservatism still cumber themselves with the clumsy armor
     of a by-gone age. On whirls the restless globe through
     unsounded time, with its cities and its silences, its births
     and funerals, half light, half shade, but never wholly dark,
     and sure to swing round into the happy morning at last. With
     an involuntary smile, one sees Mr. Calhoun letting slip his
     pack-thread cable with a crooked pin at the end of it to
     anchor South Carolina upon the bank and shoal of the
     Past.--H. W.]

                           TO MR. BUCKENAM.

|Mr. Editer|, As i wuz kinder prunin round, in a little nussry sot out a
year or 2 a go, the Dbait in the sennit cum inter my mine An so i took &
Sot it to wut I call a nussry rime. I hev made sum onnable Gentlemun
speak that dident speak in a Kind uv Poetikul lie sense the seeson is
dreffle backerd up This way

                           ewers as ushul
                                                 |Hosea Biglow|.

  "Here we stan' on the Constitution, by thunder!
    It's a fact o' wich ther's bushils o' proofs;
  Fer how could we trample on't so, I wonder,
    Ef 't worn't thet it's ollers under our hoofs?"
     Sez John C. Calhoun, sez he;
       "Human rights haint no more
        Right to come on this floor,
     No more'n the man in the moon," sez he.

  "The North haint no kind o' bisness with nothin',
    An' you've no idee how much bother it saves;
  We aint none riled by their frettin' an' frothin',
    We're _used_ to layin' the string on our slaves,"
     Sez John C. Calhoun, sez he;--
        Sez Mister Foote,
       "I should like to shoot
     The holl gang, by the great horn spoon," sez he.

  "Freedom's Keystone is Slavery, thet ther's no doubt on,
    It's sutthin' thet's--wha' d' ye call it?--divine,--
  An' the slaves thet we allers _make_ the most out on
    Air them north o' Mason an' Dixon's line,"
     Sez John C. Calhoun, sez he;--
       "Fer all thet," sez Mangum,
       "'T would be better to hang 'em,
     An' so git red on 'em soon," sez he.

  "The mass ough' to labor an' we lay on soffies,
    Thet's the reason I want to spread Freedom's aree;
  It puts all the cunninest on us in office,
    An' reelises our Maker's orig'nal idee,"
     Sez John C. Calhoun, sez he;--
       "Thet's ez plain," sez Cass,
       "Ez thet some one's an ass,
     It's ez clear ez the sun is at noon," sez he.

  "Now don't go to say I'm the friend of oppression,
    But keep all your spare breath fer coolin' your broth,
  Fer I ollers hev strove (at least thet's my impression)
    To make cussed free with the rights o' the North,"
     Sez John C. Calhoun, sez he;--
       "Yes," sez Davis o' Miss.,
       "The perfection o' bliss
     Is in skinnin' thet same old coon," sez he.

  "Slavery's a thing thet depends on complexion,
    It's God's law thet fetters on black skins don't chafe;
  Ef brains wuz to settle it (horrid reflection!)
    Wich of our onnable body'd be safe?"
     Sez John C. Calhoun, sez he;--
        Sez Mister Hannegan,
        Afore he began agin,
     "Thet exception is quite oppertoon," sez he.

  "Gen'nle Cass, Sir, you needn't be twitchin' your collar,
    _Your_ merit's quite clear by the dut on your knees,
  At the North we don't make no distinctions o' color,
    You can all take a lick at our shoes wen you please,"
     Sez John C. Calhoun, sez he;--
        Sez Mister Jarnagin,
       "They wunt hev to larn agin,
     They all on 'em know the old toon," sez he.

  "The slavery question aint no ways bewilderin',
    North an' South hev one int'rest, it's plain to a glance;
  No'thern men, like us patriarchs, don't sell their childrin,
    But they _du_ sell themselves, ef they git a good chance,"
     Sez John C. Calhoun, sez he;--
        Sez Atherton here,
       "This is gittin' severe,
     I wish I could dive like a loon," sez he.

  "It'll break up the Union, this talk about freedom,
    An' your fact'ry gals (soon ez we split) 'll make head,
  An' gittin' some Miss chief or other to lead 'em,
   'll go to work raisin' pr'miscoous Ned,"
     Sez John O. Calhoun, sez he;--
       "Yes, the North," sez Colquitt,
       "Ef we Southeners all quit,
     Would go down like a busted balloon," sez he.

  "Jest look wut is doin', wut annyky's brewin'
    In the beautiful clime o' the olive an' vine,
  All the wise aristoxy is tumblin' to ruin,
    An' the sankylots drorin' an' drinkin' their wine,"
     Sez John C. Calhoun, sez he;--
       "Yes," sez Johnson, "in France
        They're beginnin' to dance
     Beelzebub's own rigadoon," sez he.

  "The South's safe enough, it don't feel a mite skeery,
    Our slaves in their darkness an' dut air tu blest
  Not to welcome with proud hallylugers the ery
    Wen our eagle kicks yourn from the naytional nest,"
     Sez John C. Calhoun, sez he;--
       "O," sez Westcott o' Florida,
       "Wut treason is horrider
     Then our priv'leges tryin' to proon?" sez he.

  "It's 'coz they're so happy, thet, wen crazy sarpints
    Stick their nose in our bizness, we git so darned riled;
  We think it's our dooty to give pooty sharp hints,
    Thet the last crumb of Edin on airth shan't be spiled,"
     Sez John C. Calhoun, sez he;--
       "Ah," sez Dixon H. Lewis,
       "It perfectly true is
     Thet slavery 's airth's grettest boon," sez he.

     [It was said of old time, that riches have wings; and,
     though this be not applicable in a literal strictness to the
     wealth of our patriarchal brethren of the South, yet it is
     clear that their possessions have legs, and an unaccountable
     propensity for using them in a northerly direction. I marvel
     that the grand jury of Washington did not find a true bill
     against the North Star for aiding and abetting Drayton and
     Sayres. It would have been quite of a piece with the
     intelligence displayed by the South on other questions
     connected with slavery. I think that no ship of state was
     ever freighted with a more veritable Jonah than this same
     domestic institution of ours. Mephistopheles himself could
     not feign so bitterly, so satirically sad a sight as this of
     three millions of human beings crushed beyond help or hope
     by this one mighty argument,--_Our fathers knew no better!_
     Nevertheless, it is the unavoidable destiny of Jonahs to be
     cast overboard sooner or later. Or shall we try the
     experiment of hiding our Jonah in a safe place, that none
     may lay hands on him to make jetsam of him? Let us, then,
     with equal forethought and wisdom, lash ourselves to the
     anchor, and await, in pious confidence, the certain result.
     Perhaps our suspicious passenger is no Jonah after all,
     being black. For it is well known that a superintending
     Providence made a kind of sandwich of Ham and his
     descendants, to be devoured by the Caucasian race.

     In God's name, let all, who hear nearer and nearer the
     hungry moan of the storm and the growl of the breakers,
     speak out! But, alas! we have no right to interfere. If a
     man pluck an apple of mine, he shall be in danger of the
     justice; but if he steal my brother, I must be silent. Who
     says this? Our Constitution, consecrated by the callous
     consuetude of sixty years, and grasped in triumphant
     argument by the left hand of him whose right hand clutches
     the clotted slave-whip. Justice, venerable with the
     undethronable majesty of countless æons, says,--|Speak|! The
     Past, wise with the sorrows and desolations of ages, from
     amid her shattered fanes and wolf-housing palaces,
     echoes,--|Speak|! Nature, through her thousand trumpets of
     freedom, her stars, her sunrises, her seas, her winds, her
     cataracts, her mountains blue with cloudy pines, blows
     jubilant encouragement, and cries,--|Speak!| From the soul's
     trembling abysses the still, small voice not vaguely
     murmurs,--|Speak|! But, alas! the Constitution and the
     Honorable Mr. Bagowind, M. C., say,--|Be dumb|!

     It occurs to me to suggest, as a topic of inquiry in this
     connection, whether, on that momentous occasion when the
     goats and the sheep shall be parted, the Constitution and
     the Honorable Mr. Bagowind, M. C., will be expected to take
     their places on the left as our hircine vicars.

           _Quid sum miser tunc dicturus?
            Quem patronum rogaturus?_

     There is a point where toleration sinks into sheer baseness
     and poltroonery. The toleration of the worst leads us to
     look on what is barely better as good enough, and to worship
     what is only moderately good. Woe to that man, or that
     nation, to whom mediocrity has become an ideal!

     Has our experiment of self-government succeeded, if it
     barely manage to _rub and go_? Here, now, is a piece of
     barbarism which Christ and the nineteenth century say shall
     cease, and which Messrs. Smith, Brown, and others say shall
     _not_ cease. I would by no means deny the eminent
     respectability of these gentlemen, but I confess, that, in
     such a wrestling-match, I cannot help having my fears for
     them.

       _Discite justitiam, moniti, et non temnere divos._
                                                       H. W.]




                                No. VI.

                       THE PIOUS EDITOR'S CREED.

     [At the special instance of Mr. Biglow, I preface the
     following satire with an extract from a sermon preached
     during the past summer, from Ezekiel xxxiv. 2:--"Son of man,
     prophesy against the shepherds of Israel." Since the Sabbath
     on which this discourse was delivered, the editor of the
     "Jaalam Independent Blunderbuss" has unaccountably absented
     himself from our house of worship.

     "I know of no so responsible position as that of the public
     journalist. The editor of our day bears the same relation to
     his time that the clerk bore to the age before the invention
     of printing. Indeed, the position which he holds is that
     which the clergyman should hold even now. But the clergyman
     chooses to walk off to the extreme edge of the world, and to
     throw such seed as he has clear over into that darkness
     which he calls the Next Life. As if _next_ did not mean
     _nearest_, and as if any life were nearer than that
     immediately present one which boils and eddies all around
     him at the caucus, the ratification meeting, and the polls!
     Who taught him to exhort men to prepare for eternity, as for
     some future era of which the present forms no integral part?
     The furrow which Time is even now turning runs through the
     Everlasting, and in that must he plant, or nowhere. Yet he
     would fain believe and teach that we are _going_ to have
     more of eternity than we have now. This _going_ of his is
     like that of the auctioneer, on which _gone_ follows before
     we have made up our minds to bid,--in which manner, not
     three months back, I lost an excellent copy of Chappelow on
     Job. So it has come to pass that the preacher, instead of
     being a living force, has faded into an emblematic figure at
     christenings, weddings, and funerals. Or, if he exercise any
     other function, it is as keeper and feeder of certain
     theologic dogmas, which, when occasion offers, he unkennels
     with a _staboy_! 'to bark and bite as 'tis their nature to,'
     whence that reproach of _odium theologicum_ has arisen.

     "Meanwhile, see what a pulpit the editor mounts daily,
     sometimes with a congregation of fifty thousand within reach
     of his voice, and never so much as a nodder, even, among
     them! And from what a Bible can he choose his text,--a Bible
     which needs no translation, and which no priestcraft can
     shut and clasp from the laity,--the open volume of the
     world, upon which, with a pen of sunshine or destroying
     fire, the inspired Present is even now writing the annals of
     God! Methinks the editor who should understand his calling,
     and be equal thereto, would truly deserve that title of
     ποιμὴν λαῶν, which Homer bestows upon princes. He would be
     the Moses of our nineteenth century; and whereas the old
     Sinai, silent now, is but a common mountain stared at by the
     elegant tourist and crawled over by the hammering geologist,
     he must find his tables of the new law here among factories
     and cities in this Wilderness of Sin (Numbers xxxiii. 12)
     called Progress of Civilization, and be the captain of our
     Exodus into the Canaan of a truer social order.

     "Nevertheless, our editor will not come so far within even
     the shadow of Sinai as Mahomet did, but chooses rather to
     construe Moses by Joe Smith. He takes up the crook, not that
     the sheep may be fed, but that he may never want a warm
     woollen suit and a joint of mutton.

          _Immemor, O, fidei, pecorumque oblite tuorum!_

     For which reason I would derive the name _editor_ not so
     much from _edo_, to publish, as from _edo_, to eat, that
     being the peculiar profession to which he esteems himself
     called. He blows up the flames of political discord for no
     other occasion than that he may thereby handily boil his own
     pot. I believe there are two thousand of these mutton-loving
     shepherds in the United States, and of these, how many have
     even the dimmest perception of their immense power, and the
     duties consequent thereon? Here and there, haply, one. Nine
     hundred and ninety-nine labor to impress upon the people the
     great principles of _Tweedledum_, and other nine hundred and
     ninety-nine preach with equal earnestness the gospel
     according to _Tweedledee_."--H. W.]


  I du believe in Freedom's cause,
    Ez fur away ez Payris is;
  I love to see her stick her claws
    In them infarnal Phayrisees;
  It's wal enough agin a king
    To dror resolves an' triggers,--
  But libbaty's a kind o' thing
    Thet don't agree with niggers.

  I du believe the people want
    A tax on teas, an' coffees,
  Thet nothin' aint extravygunt,--
    Purvidin' I'm in office;
  Fer I hev loved my country sence
    My eye-teeth filled their sockets,
  An' Uncle Sam I reverence,
    Partic'larly his pockets.

  I du believe in _any_ plan
    O' levyin' the taxes,
  Ez long ez, like a lumberman,
    I git jest wut I axes:
  I go free-trade thru thick an' thin,
    Because it kind o' rouses
  The folks to vote,--an' keeps us in
    Our quiet custom-houses.

  I du believe it's wise an' good
    To sen' out furrin missions,
  Thet is, on sartin understood
    An' orthydox conditions;--
  I mean nine thousan' dolls. per ann.,
    Nine thousan' more fer outfit,
  An' me to recommend a man
    The place 'ould jest about fit.

  I du believe in special ways
    O' prayin' an' convartin';
  The bread comes back in many days,
    An' buttered, tu, fer sartin;
  I mean in prayin' till one busts
    On wut the party chooses,
  An' in convartin' public trusts
    To very privit uses.

  I du believe hard coin the stuff
    Fer 'lectioneers to spout on;
  The people's ollers soft enough
    To make hard money out on;
  Dear Uncle Sam pervides fer his,
    An' gives a good-sized junk to all,--
  I don't care _how_ hard money is,
    Ez long ez mine's paid punctooal.

  I du believe with all my soul
    In the gret Press's freedom,
  To pint the people to the goal
    An' in the traces lead 'em;
  Palsied the arm thet forges yokes
    At my fat contracts squintin',
  An' withered be the nose thet pokes
    Inter the gov'ment printin'!

  I du believe thet I should give
    Wut's his'n unto Cæsar,
  Fer it's by him I move an' live,
    Frum him my bread an' cheese air;
  I du believe thet all o' me
    Doth bear his superscription,--
  Will, conscience, honor, honesty,
  An' things o' thet description.

  I du believe in prayer an' praise
    To him that hez the grantin'
  O' jobs,--in every thin' thet pays,
    But most of all in |Cantin|';
  This doth my cup with marcies fill,
    This lays all thought o' sin to rest,--
  I _don't_ believe in princerple,
    But O, I _du_ in interest.

  I du believe in bein' this
    Or thet, ez it may happen
  One way or t' other hendiest is
    To ketch the people nappin';
  It aint by princerples nor men
    My preudunt course is steadied,--
  I scent which pays the best, an' then
    Go into it baldheaded.

  I du believe thet holdin' slaves
    Comes nat'ral tu a Presidunt,
  Let 'lone the rowdedow it saves
    To hev a wal-broke precedunt;
  Fer any office, small or gret,
    I couldn't ax with no face,
  Without I'd ben, thru dry an' wet,
    Th' unrizzest kind o' doughface.

  I du believe wutever trash
   'll keep the people in blindness,--
  Thet we the Mexicuns can thrash
    Right inter brotherly kindness,
  Thet bombshells, grape, an' powder 'n' ball
    Air good-will's strongest magnets,
  Thet peace, to make it stick at all,
    Must be druv in with bagnets.

  In short, I firmly du believe
    In Humbug generally,
  Fer it's a thing thet I perceive
    To hev a solid vally;
  This heth my faithful shepherd ben,
    In pasturs sweet heth led me,
  An' this 'll keep the people green
    To feed ez they hev fed me.

     [I subjoin here another passage from my before-mentioned
     discourse.

     "Wonderful, to him that has eyes to see it rightly, is the
     newspaper. To me, for example, sitting on the critical front
     bench of the pit, in my study here in Jaalam, the advent of
     my weekly journal is as that of a strolling theatre, or
     rather of a puppet-show, on whose stage, narrow as it is,
     the tragedy, comedy, and farce of life are played in little.
     Behold the whole huge earth sent to me hebdomadally in a
     brown-paper wrapper!

     "Hither, to my obscure corner, by wind or steam, on
     horseback or dromedary-back, in the pouch of the Indian
     runner, or clicking over the magnetic wires, troop all the
     famous performers from the four quarters of the globe.
     Looked at from a point of criticism, tiny puppets they seem
     all, as the editor sets up his booth upon my desk and
     officiates as showman. Now I can truly see how little and
     transitory is life. The earth appears almost as a drop of
     vinegar, on which the solar microscope of the imagination
     must be brought to bear in order to make out anything
     distinctly. That animalcule there, in the pea-jacket, is
     Louis Philippe, just landed on the coast of England. That
     other, in the gray surtout and cocked hat, is Napoleon
     Bonaparte Smith, assuring France that she need apprehend no
     interference from him in the present alarming juncture. At
     that spot, where you seem to see a speck of something in
     motion, is an immense mass-meeting. Look sharper and you
     will see a mite brandishing his mandibles in an excited
     manner. That is the great Mr. Soandso, defining his position
     amid tumultuous and irrepressible cheers. That infinitesimal
     creature, upon whom some score of others, as minute as he,
     are gazing in open-mouthed admiration, is a famous
     philosopher, expounding to a select audience their capacity
     for the infinite. That scarce discernible pufflet of smoke
     and dust is a revolution. That speck there is a reformer,
     just arranging the lever with which he is to move the world.
     And lo, there creeps forward the shadow of a skeleton that
     blows one breath between its grinning teeth, and all our
     distinguished actors are whisked off the slippery stage into
     the dark Beyond.

     "Yes, the little show-box has its solemner suggestions. Now
     and then we catch a glimpse of a grim old man, who lays down
     a scythe and hour-glass in the corner while he shifts the
     scenes. There, too, in the dim background, a weird shape is
     ever delving. Sometimes he leans upon his mattock, and
     gazes, as a coach whirls by, bearing the newly married on
     their wedding jaunt, or glances carelessly at a babe brought
     home from christening. Suddenly (for the scene grows larger
     and larger as we look) a bony hand snatches back a performer
     in the midst of his part, and him, whom yesterday two
     infinites (past and future) would not suffice, a handful of
     dust is enough to cover and silence forever. Nay, we see the
     same fleshless fingers opening to clutch the showman
     himself, and guess, not without a shudder, that they are
     lying in wait for spectator also.

     "Think of it: for three dollars a year I buy a season-ticket
     to this great Globe Theatre, for which God would write the
     dramas (only that we like farces, spectacles, and the
     tragedies of Apollyon better), whose scene-shifter is Time,
     and whose curtain is rung down by Death.

     "Such thoughts will occur to me sometimes as I am tearing
     off the wrapper of my newspaper. Then suddenly that
     otherwise too often vacant sheet becomes invested for me
     with a strange kind of awe. Look! deaths and marriages,
     notices of inventions, discoveries, and books, lists of
     promotions, of killed, wounded, and missing, news of fires,
     accidents, of sudden wealth and as sudden poverty;--I hold
     in my hand the ends of myriad invisible electric conductors,
     along which tremble the joys, sorrows, wrongs, triumphs,
     hopes, and despairs of as many men and women everywhere. So
     that upon that mood of mind which seems to isolate me from
     mankind as a spectator of their puppet-pranks, another
     supervenes, in which I feel that I, too, unknown and unheard
     of, am yet of some import to my fellows. For, through my
     newspaper here, do not families take pains to send me, an
     entire stranger, news of a death among them? Are not here
     two who would have me know of their marriage? And, strangest
     of all, is not this singular person anxious to have me
     informed that he has received a fresh supply of Dimitry
     Bruisgins? But to none of us does the President continue
     miraculous (even if for a moment discerned as such). We
     glance carelessly at the sunrise, and get used to Orion and
     the Pleiades. The wonder wears off, and to-morrow this
     sheet, in which a vision was let down to me from Heaven,
     shall be the wrappage to a bar of soap or the platter for a
     beggar's broken victuals."--H. W.]




                               No. VII.

                               A LETTER

FROM A CANDIDATE FOR THE PRESIDENCY IN ANSWER TO SUTTIN QUESTIONS
PROPOSED BY MR. HOSEA BIGLOW, ENCLOSED IN A NOTE FROM MR. BIGLOW TO S.
H. GAY, ESQ., EDITOR OF THE NATIONAL ANTI-SLAVERY STANDARD.


     [Curiosity may be said to be the quality which pre-eminently
     distinguishes and segregates man from the lower animals. As
     we trace the scale of animated nature downward, we find this
     faculty (as it may truly be called) of the mind diminished
     in the savage, and quite extinct in the brute. The first
     object which civilized man proposes to himself I take to be
     the finding out whatsoever he can concerning his neighbors.
     _Nihil humanum a me alienum puto_; I am curious about even
     John Smith. The desire next in strength to this (an opposite
     pole, indeed, of the same magnet) is that of communicating
     the unintelligence we have carefully picked up.

     Men in general may be divided into the inquisitive and the
     communicative. To the first class belong Peeping Toms,
     eaves-droppers, navel-contemplating Brahmins,
     metaphysicians, travellers, Empedocleses, spies, the various
     societies for promoting Rhinothism, Columbuses, Yankees,
     discoverers, and men of science, who present themselves to
     the mind as so many marks of interrogation wandering up and
     down the world, or sitting in studies and laboratories. The
     second class I should again subdivide into four. In the
     first subdivision I would rank those who have an itch to
     tell us about themselves,--as keepers of diaries,
     insignificant persons generally, Montaignes, Horace
     Walpoles, autobiographers, poets. The second includes those
     who are anxious to impart information concerning other
     people,--as historians, barbers, and such. To the third
     belong those who labor to give us intelligence about nothing
     at all,--as novelists, political orators, the large majority
     of authors, preachers, lecturers, and the like. In the
     fourth come those who are communicative from motives of
     public benevolence,--as finders of mares'-nests and bringers
     of ill news. Each of us two-legged fowls without feathers
     embraces all these subdivisions in himself to a greater or
     less degree, for none of us so much as lays an egg, or
     incubates a chalk one, but straightway the whole barn-yard
     shall know it by our cackle or our cluck. _Omnibus hoc
     vitium est._ There are different grades in all these
     classes. One will turn his telescope toward a back-yard,
     another toward Uranus; one will tell you that he dined with
     Smith, another that he supped with Plato. In one particular,
     all men may be considered as belonging to the first grand
     division, inasmuch as they all seem equally desirous of
     discovering the mote in their neighbor's eye.

     To one or another of these species every human being may
     safely be referred. I think it beyond a peradventure that
     Jonah prosecuted some inquiries into the digestive apparatus
     of whales, and that Noah sealed up a letter in an empty
     bottle, that news in regard to him might not be wanting in
     case of the worst. They had else been super or subter human.
     I conceive, also, that, as there are certain persons who
     continually peep and pry at the keyhole of that mysterious
     door through which, sooner or later, we all make our exits,
     so there are doubtless ghosts fidgetting and fretting on the
     other side of it, because they have no means of conveying
     back to this world the scraps of news they have picked up in
     that. For there is an answer ready somewhere to every
     question, the great law of _give and take_ runs through all
     nature, and if we see a hook, we may be sure that an eye is
     waiting for it. I read in every face I meet a standing
     advertisement of information wanted in regard to A. B., or
     that the friends of C. D. can hear something to his
     disadvantage by application to such a one.

     It was to gratify the two great passions of asking and
     answering that epistolary correspondence was first invented.
     Letters (for by this usurped title epistles are now commonly
     known) are of several kinds. First, there are those which
     are not letters at all,--as letters-patent, letters
     dismissory, letters enclosing bills, letters of
     administration, Pliny's letters, letters of diplomacy, of
     Cato, of Mentor, of Lords Lyttleton, Chesterfield, and
     Orrery, of Jacob Behmen, Seneca (whom St. Jerome includes in
     his list of sacred writers), letters from abroad, from sons
     in college to their fathers, letters of marque, and letters
     generally, which are in nowise letters of mark. Second, are
     real letters, such as those of Gray, Cowper, Walpole, Howel,
     Lamb, D. Y., the first letters from children, (printed in
     staggering capitals,) Letters from New York, letters of
     credit, and others, interesting for the sake of the writer
     or the thing written. I have read also letters from Europe
     by a gentleman named Pinto, containing some curious gossip,
     and which I hope to see collected for the benefit of the
     curious. There are, besides, letters addressed to
     posterity,--as epitaphs, for example, written for their own
     monuments by monarchs, whereby we have lately become
     possessed of the names of several great conquerors and kings
     of kings, hitherto unheard of and still unpronounceable, but
     valuable to the student of the entirely dark ages. The
     letter which St. Peter sent to King Pepin in the year of
     grace 755, that of the Virgin to the magistrates of Messina,
     that of St. Gregory Thaumaturgus to the D--l, and that of
     this last-mentioned active police-magistrate to a nun of
     Girgenti, I would place in a class by themselves, as also
     the letters of candidates, concerning which I shall dilate
     more fully in a note at the end of the following poem. At
     present, _sat prata biberunt_. Only, concerning the shape of
     letters, they are all either square or oblong, to which
     general figures circular letters and round-robins also
     conform themselves.--H. W.]

|Deer sir| its gut to be the fashun now to rite letters to the candid 8s
and i wus chose at a publick Meetin in Jaalam to du wut wus nessary fur
that town. i writ to 271 ginerals and gut ansers to 209. tha air called
candid 8s but I don't see nothin candid about em. this here I wich I
send wus thought satty's factory. I dunno as it's ushle to print
Poscrips, but as all the ansers I got hed the saim, I sposed it wus
best. times has gretly changed. Formaly to knock a man into a cocked hat
wus to use him up, but now it ony gives him a chance fur the cheef
madgustracy.--H. B.

  |Dear Sir|,--You wish, to know my notions
    On sartin pints thet rile the land;
  There's nothin' thet my natur so shuns
    Ez bein' mum or underhand;
  I'm a straight-spoken kind o' creetur
    Thet blurts right out wut's in his head,
  An' ef I've one pecooler feetur,
    It is a nose thet wunt be led.

  So, to begin at the beginnin',
    An' come direcly to the pint,
  I think the country's underpinnin'
    Is some consid'ble out o' jint;
  I aint agoin' to try your patience
    By tellin' who done this or thet,
  I don't make no insinooations,
    I jest let on I smell a rat.

  Thet is, I mean, it seems to me so,
    But, ef the public think I'm wrong,
  I wunt deny but wut I be so,--
    An', fact, it don't smell very strong;
  My mind's tu fair to lose its balance
    An' say wich party hez most sense;
  There may be folks o' greater talence
    Thet can't set stiddier on the fence.

  I'm an eclectic; ez to choosin'
   'Twixt this an' thet, I'm plaguy lawth;
  I leave a side thet looks like losin',
    But (wile there's doubt) I stick to both;
  I stan' upon the Constitution,
    Ez preudunt statesmun say, who've planned
  A way to git the most profusion
    O' chances ez to _ware_ they'll stand.

  Ez fer the war, I go agin it,--
    I mean to say I kind o' du,--
  Thet is, I mean thet, bein' in it,
    The best way wuz to fight it thru;
  Not but wut abstract war is horrid,
    I sign to thet with all my heart,--
  But civlyzation _doos_ git forrid
    Sometimes upon a powder-cart.

  About thet darned Proviso matter
    I never hed a grain o' doubt,
  Nor I aint one my sense to scatter
    So'st no one couldn't pick it out;
  My love fer North an' South is equil,
    So I'll jest answer plump an' frank,--
  No matter wut may be the sequil,--
    Yes, Sir, I _am_ agin a Bank.

  Ez to the answerin' o' questions,
    I'm an off ox at bein' druv,
  Though I aint one thet ary test shuns
   'll give our folks a helpin' shove;
  Kind o' pr'miscoous I go it
    Fer the holl country, an' the ground
  I take, ez nigh ez I can show it,
    Is pooty gen'ally all round.

  I don't appruve o' givin' pledges;
    You'd ough' to leave a fellar free,
  An' not go knockin' out the wedges
    To ketch his fingers in the tree;
  Pledges air awfle breachy cattle
    Thet preudunt farmers don't turn out,--
  Ez long 'z the people git their rattle,
    Wut is there fer 'm to grout about?

  Ez to the slaves, there's no confusion
    In _my_ idees consarnin' them,--
  _I_ think they air an Institution,
    A sort of--yes, jest so,--ahem:
  Do _I_ own any? Of my merit
    On thet pint you yourself may jedge.
  All is, I never drink no sperit,
    Nor I haint never signed no pledge.

  Ez to my princerples, I glory
    In hevin' nothin' o' the sort;
  I aint a Wig, I aint a Tory,
    I'm jest a candidate, in short;
  Thet's fair an' square an' parpendicler,
    But, ef the Public cares' a fig
  To hev me an'thin' in particler,
    Wy, I'm a kind o' peri-wig.

                P. S.

  Ez we're a sort o' privateerin',
    O' course, you know, it's sheer an' sheer,
  An' there is sutthin' wuth your hearin'
    I'll mention in _your_ privit ear;
  Ef you git me inside the White House,
    Your head with ile I'll kin' o' 'nint
  By gittin' you inside the Light-house
    Down to the eend o' Jaalam Pint.

  An' ez the North hez took to brustlin'
    At bein' scrouged frum off the roost,
  I'll tell ye wut'll save all tusslin'
    An' give our side a harnsome boost,--
  Tell 'em thet on the Slavery question
    I'm |right|, although to speak I'm lawth;
  This gives you a safe pint to rest on,
    An' leaves me frontin' South by North.

     [And now of epistles candidatial, which are of two
     kinds,--namely, letters of acceptance, and letters
     definitive of position. Our republic, on the eve of an
     election, may safely enough be called a republic of letters.
     Epistolary composition becomes then an epidemic, which
     seizes one candidate after another, not seldom cutting short
     the thread of political life. It has come to such a pass,
     that a party dreads less the attacks of its opponents than a
     letter from its candidate. _Litera scripta manet_, and it
     will go hard if something bad can not be made of it. General
     Harrison, it is well understood, was surrounded, during his
     candidacy, with the _cordon sanitaire_ of a vigilance
     committee. No prisoner in Spielberg was ever more cautiously
     deprived of writing materials. The soot was scraped
     carefully from the chimney-places; outposts of expert
     rifle-shooters rendered it sure death for any goose (who
     came clad in feathers) to approach within a certain limited
     distance of North Bend; and all domestic fowls about the
     premises were reduced to the condition of Plato's original
     man. By these precautions the General was saved. _Parva
     componere magnis_, I remember, that, when party-spirit once
     ran high among my people, upon occasion of the choice of a
     new deacon, I, having my preferences, yet not caring too
     openly to express them, made use of an innocent fraud to
     bring about that result which I deemed most desirable. My
     stratagem was no other than the throwing a copy of the
     Complete Letter-Writer in the way of the candidate whom I
     wished to defeat. He caught the infection, and addressed a
     short note to his constituents, in which the opposite party
     detected so many and so grave improprieties, (he had
     modelled it upon the letter of a young lady accepting a
     proposal of marriage,) that he not only lost his election,
     but, falling under a suspicion of Sabellianism and I know
     not what, (the widow Endive assured me that he was a
     Paralipomenon, to her certain knowledge,) was forced to
     leave the town. Thus it is that the letter killeth.

     The object which candidates propose to themselves in writing
     is to convey no meaning at all. And here is a quite
     unsuspected pitfall into which they successively plunge
     headlong. For it is precisely in such cryptographies that
     mankind are prone to seek for and find a wonderful amount
     and variety of significance. _Omne ignotum pro mirifico._
     How do we admire at the antique world striving to crack
     those oracular nuts from Delphi, Hammon, and elsewhere, in
     only one of which can I so much as surmise that any kernel
     had ever lodged; that, namely, wherein Apollo confessed that
     he was mortal. One Didymus is, moreover, related to have
     written six thousand books on the single subject of grammar,
     a topic rendered only more tenebrific by the labors of his
     successors, and which seems still to possess an attraction
     for authors in proportion as they can make nothing of it. A
     singular loadstone for theologians, also, is the Beast in
     the Apocalypse, whereof, in the course of my studies, I have
     noted two hundred and three several interpretations, each
     lethiferal to all the rest. _Non nostrum est tantas
     componere lites_, yet I have myself ventured upon a two
     hundred and fourth, which I embodied in a discourse preached
     on occasion of the demise of the late usurper, Napoleon
     Bonaparte, and which quieted, in a large measure, the minds
     of my people. It is true that my views on this important
     point were ardently controverted by Mr. Shearjashub Holden,
     the then preceptor of our academy, and in other particulars
     a very deserving and sensible young man, though possessing a
     somewhat limited knowledge of the Greek tongue. But his
     heresy struck down no deep root, and, he having been lately
     removed by the hand of Providence, I had the satisfaction of
     reaffirming my cherished sentiments in a sermon preached
     upon the Lord's day immediately succeeding his funeral. This
     might seem like taking an unfair advantage, did I not add
     that he had made provision in his last will (being celibate)
     for the publication of a posthumous tractate in support of
     his own dangerous opinions.

     I know of nothing in our modern times which approaches so
     nearly to the ancient oracle as the letter of a Presidential
     candidate. Now, among the Greeks, the eating of beans was
     strictly forbidden to all such as had it in mind to consult
     those expert amphibologists, and this same prohibition on
     the part of Pythagoras to his disciples is understood to
     imply an abstinence from politics, beans having been used as
     ballots. That other explication, _quod videlicet sensus eo
     cibo obtundi existimaret_, though supported _pugnis et
     calcibus_ by many of the learned, and not wanting the
     countenance of Cicero, is confuted by the larger experience
     of New England. On the whole, I think it safer to apply here
     the rule of interpretation which now generally obtains in
     regard to antique cosmogonies, myths, fables, proverbial
     expressions, and knotty points generally, which is, to find
     a common-sense meaning, and then select whatever can be
     imagined the most opposite thereto. In this way we arrive at
     the conclusion, that the Greeks objected to the questioning
     of candidates. And very properly, if, as I conceive, the
     chief point be not to discover what a person in that
     position is, or what he will do, but whether he can be
     elected. _Vos exemplaria Græca nocturna versate manu,
     versate diurna._

     But, since an imitation of the Greeks in this particular
     (the asking of questions being one chief privilege of
     freemen) is hardly to be hoped for, and our candidates will
     answer, whether they are questioned or not, I would
     recommend that these ante-electionary dialogues should be
     carried on by symbols, as were the diplomatic
     correspondences of the Scythians and Macrobii, or confined
     to the language of signs, like the famous interview of
     Panurge and Goatsnose. A candidate might then convey a
     suitable reply to all committees of inquiry by closing one
     eye, or by presenting them with a phial of Egyptian darkness
     to be speculated upon by their respective constituencies.
     These answers would be susceptible of whatever retrospective
     construction the exigencies of the political campaign might
     seem to demand, and the candidate could take his position on
     either side of the fence with entire consistency. Or, if
     letters must be written, profitable use might be made of the
     Dighton rock hieroglyphic or the cuneiform script, every
     fresh decipherer of which is enabled to educe a different
     meaning, whereby a sculptured stone or two supplies us, and
     will probably continue to supply posterity, with a very vast
     and various body of authentic history. For even the briefest
     epistle in the ordinary chirography is dangerous. There is
     scarce any style so compressed that superfluous words may
     not be detected in it. A severe critic might curtail that
     famous brevity of Cæsar's by two thirds, drawing his pen
     through the supererogatory _veni_ and _vidi_. Perhaps, after
     all, the surest footing of hope is to be found in the
     rapidly increasing tendency to demand less and less of
     qualification in candidates. Already have statesmanship,
     experience, and the possession (nay, the profession, even)
     of principles been rejected as superfluous, and may not the
     patriot reasonably hope that the ability to write will
     follow? At present, there may be death in pot-hooks as well
     as pots, the loop of a letter may suffice for a bowstring,
     and all the dreadful heresies of Anti-slavery may lurk in a
     flourish.--H. W.]




                              No. VIII.

                  A SECOND LETTER FROM B. SAWIN, ESQ.


     [In the following epistle, we behold Mr. Sawin returning, a
     _miles emeritus_, to the bosom of his family. _Quantum
     mutatus!_ The good Father of us all had doubtless intrusted
     to the keeping of this child of his certain faculties of a
     constructive kind. He had put in him a share of that vital
     force, the nicest economy of every minute atom of which is
     necessary to the perfect development of Humanity. He had
     given him a brain and heart, and so had equipped his soul
     with the two strong wings of knowledge and love, whereby it
     can mount to hang its nest under the eaves of heaven. And
     this child, so dowered, he had intrusted to the keeping of
     his vicar, the State. How stands the account of that
     stewardship? The State, or Society, (call her by what name
     you will,) had taken no manner of thought of him till she
     saw him swept out into the street, the pitiful leavings of
     last night's debauch, with cigar-ends, lemon-parings,
     tobacco-quids, slops, vile stenches, and the whole loathsome
     next-morning of the bar-room,--an own child of the Almighty
     God! I remember him as he was brought to be christened, a
     ruddy, rugged babe; and now there he wallows, reeking,
     seething,--the dead corpse, not of a man, but of a soul,--a
     putrefying lump, horrible for the life that is in it. Comes
     the wind of heaven, that good Samaritan, and parts the hair
     upon his forehead, nor is too nice to kiss those parched,
     cracked lips; the morning opens upon him her eyes full of
     pitying sunshine, the sky yearns down to him,--and there he
     lies fermenting. O sleep! let me not profane thy holy name
     by calling that stertorous unconsciousness a slumber! By and
     by comes along the State, God's vicar. Does she say,--"My
     poor, forlorn foster-child! Behold here a force which I will
     make dig and plant and build for me?" Not so, but,--"Here is
     a recruit ready-made to my hand, a piece of destroying
     energy lying unprofitably idle." So she claps an ugly gray
     suit on him, puts a musket in his grasp, and sends him off,
     with Gubernatorial and other godspeeds, to do duty as a
     destroyer.

     I made one of the crowd at the last Mechanics' Fair, and,
     with the rest, stood gazing in wonder at a perfect machine,
     with its soul of fire, its boiler-heart that sent the hot
     blood pulsing along the iron arteries, and its thews of
     steel. And while I was admiring the adaptation of means to
     end, the harmonious involutions of contrivance, and the
     never-bewildered complexity, I saw a grimed and greasy
     fellow, the imperious engine's lackey and drudge, whose sole
     office was to let fall, at intervals, a drop or two of oil
     upon a certain joint. Then my soul said within me, See there
     a piece of mechanism to which that other you marvel at is
     but as the rude first effort of a child,--a force which not
     merely suffices to set a few wheels in motion, but which can
     send an impulse all through the infinite future,--a
     contrivance, not for turning out pins, or stitching
     button-holes, but for making Hamlets and Lears. And yet this
     thing of iron shall be housed, waited on, guarded from rust
     and dust, and it shall be a crime but so much as to scratch
     it with a pin; while the other with its fire of God in it,
     shall be buffeted hither and thither, and finally sent
     carefully a thousand miles to be the target for a Mexican
     cannon-ball. Unthrifty Mother State! My heart burned within
     me for pity and indignation, and I renewed this covenant
     with my own soul,--_In aliis mansuetus ero, at, in
     blasphemiis contra Christum, non ita._--H. W.]

  I spose you wonder ware I be; I can't tell, fer the soul o' me,
  Exacly ware I be myself,--meanin' by thet the holl o' me.
  Wen I left hum, I hed two legs, an' they worn't bad ones neither,
  (The scaliest trick they ever played wuz bringin' on me hither,)
  Now one on 'm's I dunno ware;--they thought I wuz adyin',
  An' sawed it off because they said 'twuz kin' o' mortifyin';
  I'm willin' to believe it wuz, an' yit I don't see, nuther,
  Wy one should take to feelin' cheap a minnit sooner'n t' other,
  Sence both wuz equilly to blame; but things is ez they be;
  It took on so they took it off, an' thet's enough fer me:
  There's one good thing, though, to be said about my wooden new one,--
  The liquor can't git into it ez't used to in the true one;
  So it saves drink; an' then, besides, a feller couldn't beg
  A gretter blessin' then to hev one ollers sober peg;
  It's true a chap's in want o' two fer follerin' a drum,
  But all the march I'm up to now is jest to Kingdom Come.

  I've lost one eye, but thet's a loss it's easy to supply
  Out o' the glory that I've gut, fer thet is all my eye;
  An' one is big enough, I guess, by diligently usin' it,
  To see all I shall ever git by way o' pay fer losin' it;
  Off'cers, I notice, who git paid fer all our thumps an' kickins,
  Du wal by keepin' single eyes arter the fattest pickins;
  So, ez the eye's put fairly out, I'll larn to go without it,
  An' not allow _myself_ to be no gret put out about it.
  Now, le' me see, thet isn't all; I used, 'fore leavin' Jaalam,
  To count things on my finger-eends, but sutthin' seems to ail 'em:
  Ware's my left hand? O, darn it, yes, I recollect wut's come on't;
  I haint no left arm but my right, an' thet's gut jest a thumb on't;
  It aint so hendy ez it wuz to cal'late a sum on't.
  I've hed some ribs broke,--six (I b'lieve),--I haint kep' no account
    on 'em;
  Wen pensions git to be the talk, I'll settle the amount on 'em.
  An' now I'm speakin' about ribs, it kin' o' brings to mind
  One thet I couldn't never break,--the one I lef' behind;
  Ef you should see her, jest clear out the spout o' your invention
  An' pour the longest sweetnin' in about an annooal pension,
  An' kin' o' hint (in case, you know, the critter should refuse to be
  Consoled) I aint so 'xpensive now to keep ez wut I used to be;
  There's one arm less, ditto one eye, an' then the leg thet's wooden
  Can be took off an' sot away wenever ther's a puddin'.

  I spose you think I'm comin' back ez opperlunt ez thunder,
  With shiploads o' gold images an' varus sorts o' plunder;
  Wal, 'fore I vullinteered, I thought this country wuz a sort o'
  Canaan, a reg'lar Promised Land flowin' with rum an' water,
  Ware propaty growed up like time, without no cultivation,
  An' gold wuz dug ez taters be among our Yankee nation,
  Ware nateral advantages were pufficly amazin',
  Ware every rock there wuz about with precious stuns wuz blazin',
  Ware mill-sites filled the country up ez thick ez you could cram 'em,
  An' desput rivers run about abeggin' folks to dam 'em;
  Then there were meetinhouses, tu, chockful o' gold an' silver
  Thet you could take, an' no one couldn't hand ye in no bill fer;--
  Thet's wut I thought afore I went, thet's wut them fellers told us
  Thet stayed to hum an' speechified an' to the buzzards sold us;
  I thought thet gold mines could be gut cheaper than Chiny asters,
  An' see myself a comin' back like sixty Jacob Astors;
  But sech idees soon melted down an' didn't leave a grease-spot;
  I vow my holl sheer o' the spiles wouldn't come nigh a V spot;
  Although, most anywares we've ben, you needn't break no locks,
  Nor run no kin' o' risks, to fill your pocket full o' rocks.

  I guess I mentioned in my last some o' the nateral feeturs
  O' this all-fiered buggy hole in th' way o' awfle creeturs,
  But I fergut to name (new things to speak on so abounded)
  How one day you'll most die o' thust, an' 'fore the next git
    drownded.
  The clymit seems to me jest like a teapot made o' pewter
  Our Prudence hed, thet wouldn't pour (all she could du) to suit her;
  Fust place the leaves 'ould choke the spout, so's not a drop 'ould
    dreen out,
  Then Prude 'ould tip an' tip an' tip, till the holl kit bust clean out,
  The kiver-hinge-pin bein' lost, tea-leaves an' tea an' kiver
  'ould all come down _kerswosh_! ez though the dam broke in a river.
  Jest so 'tis here; holl months there aint a day o' rainy weather,
  An' jest ez th' officers 'ould be alayin' heads together
  Ez t' how they'd mix their drink at sech a milingtary deepot,--
  'T'ould pour ez though the lid wuz off the everlastin' teapot.
  The cons'quence is, thet I shall take, wen I'm allowed to leave here,
  One piece o' propaty along,--an' thet's the shakin' fever;
  It's reggilar employment, though, an' thet aint thought to harm one,
  Nor 'taint so tiresome ez it wuz with t'other leg an' arm on;
  An' it's a consolation, tu, although it doosn't pay,
  To hev it said you're some gret shakes in any kin' o' way.
  'T worn't very long, I tell ye wut, I thought o' fortin-makin',--
  One day a reg'lar shiver-de-freeze, an' next ez good ez bakin',--
  One day abrilin' in the sand, then smoth'rin' in the mashes,--
  Git up all sound, be put to bed a mess o' hacks an' smashes.
  But then, thinks I, at any rate there's glory to be hed,--
  Thet's an investment, arter all, thet mayn't turn out so bad;
  But somehow, wen we'd fit an' licked, I ollers found the thanks
  Gut kin' o' lodged afore they come ez low down ez the ranks;
  The Gin'rals gut the biggest sheer, the Cunnles next, an' so on,--
  _We_ never gut a blasted mite o' glory ez I know on;
  An' spose we hed, I wonder how you're goin' to contrive its
  Division so's to give a piece to twenty thousand privits;
  Ef you should multiply by ten the portion o' the brav'st one,
  You wouldn't git more 'n half enough to speak of on a grave-stun;
  We git the licks,--we're jest the grist thet's put into War's hoppers;
  Leftenants is the lowest grade thet helps pick up the coppers.
  It may suit folks thet go agin a body with a soul in't,
  An' aint contented with a hide without a bagnet hole in't;
  But glory is a kin' o' thing _I_ shan't pursue no furder,
  Coz thet's the off'cers parquisite,--yourn's on'y jest the murder.

  Wal, arter I gin glory up, thinks I at least there's one
  Thing in the bills we aint hed yit, an' thet's the |GLORIOUS FUN|;
  Ef once we git to Mexico, we fairly may persume we
  All day an' night shall revel in the halls o' Montezumy.
  I'll tell ye wut _my_ revels wuz, an' see how you would like 'em;
  _We_ never gut inside the hall: the nighest ever _I_ come
  Wuz stan'in' sentry in the sun (an', fact, it _seemed_ a cent'ry)
  A ketchin' smells o' biled an' roast thet come out thru the entry,
  An' hearin' ez I sweltered thru my passes an' repasses,
  A rat-tat-too o' knives an' forks, a clinkty-clink o' glasses:
  I can't tell off the bill o' fare the Gin'rals hed inside;
  All I know is, thet out o' doors a pair o' soles wuz fried,
  An' not a hunderd miles away frum ware this child wuz posted,
  A Massachusetts citizen wuz baked an' biled an' roasted;
  The on'y thing like revellin' thet ever come to me
  Wuz bein' routed out o' sleep by thet darned revelee.

  They say the quarrel's settled now; fer my part I've some doubt on't,
  'T 'll take more fish-skin than folks think to take the rile clean out
    on't;
  At any rate, I'm so used up I can't do no more fightin',
  The on'y chance thet's left to me is politics or writin';
  Now, ez the people's gut to hev a milingtary man,
  An' I aint nothin' else jest now, I've hit upon a plan;
  The can'idatin' line, you know, 'ould suit me to a T,
  An' ef I lose, 't wunt hurt my ears to lodge another flea;
  So I'll set up ez can'idate fer any kin' o' office,
  (I mean fer any thet includes good easy-cheers an' soffies;
  Fer ez to runnin' fer a place ware work's the time o' day,
  You know thet's wut I never did,--except the other way;)
  Ef it's the Presidential cheer fer wich I'd better run,
  Wut two legs anywares about could keep up with my one?
  There aint no kin' o' quality in can'idates, it's said,
  So useful ez a wooden leg,--except a wooden head;
  There's nothin' aint so poppylar--(wy, it's a parfect sin
  To think wut Mexico hez paid fer Santy Anny's pin;)--
  Then I haint gut no princerples, an', sence I wuz knee-high,
  I never _did_ hev any gret, ez you can testify;
  I'm a decided peace man, tu, an' go agin the war,--
  Fer now the holl on 't 's gone an' past, wut is there to go _for_?
  Ef, wile you're 'lectioneerin' round, some curus chaps should beg
  To know my views o' state affairs, jest answer |WOODEN LEG|!
  Ef they aint settisfied with thet, an' kin' o' pry an' doubt
  An' ax fer sutthin' deffynit, jest say |ONE EYE PUT OUT|!
  Thet kin' o' talk I guess you'll find'll answer to a charm,
  An' wen you're druv tu nigh the wall, hol' up my missin' arm;
  Ef they should nose round fer a pledge, put on a vartoous look
  An' tell 'em thet's percisely wut I never gin nor--took!

  Then you can call me "Timbertoes,"--thet's wut the people likes;
  Sutthin' combinin' morril truth with phrases sech ez strikes;
  Some say the people's fond o' this, or thet, or wut you please,--
  I tell ye wut the people want is jest correct idees;
  "Old Timbertoes," you see, 's a creed it's safe to be quite bold on,
  There's nothin' in't the other side can any ways git hold on;
  It's a good tangible idee, a sutthin' to embody
  Thet valooable class o' men who look thru brandy-toddy;
  It gives a Party Platform, tu, jest level with the mind
  Of all right-thinkin', honest folks thet mean to go it blind;
  Then there air other good hooraws to dror on ez you need 'em,
  Sech ez the |one-eyed Slarterer|, the |bloody Birdofredum|;
  Them's wut takes hold o' folks thet think, ez well ez o' the masses,
  An' makes you sartin o' the aid o' good men of all classes.

  There's one thing I'm in doubt about; in order to be Presidunt,
  It's absolutely ne'ssary to be a Southern residunt;
  The Constitution settles thet, an' also thet a feller
  Must own a nigger o' some sort, jet black, or brown, or yeller.
  Now I haint no objections agin particklar climes,
  Nor agin ownin' anythin' (except the truth sometimes),
  But, ez I haint no capital, up there among ye, maybe,
  You might raise funds enough fer me to buy a low-priced baby,
  An' then, to suit the No'thern folks, who feel obleeged to say
  They hate an' cuss the very thing they vote fer every day,
  Say you're assured I go full butt fer Liberty's diffusion
  An' made the purchis on'y jest to spite the Institootion;--
  But, golly! there's the currier's hoss upon the pavement pawin'!
  I'll be more 'xplicit in my next.

                                     Yourn,
                                               |Birdofredum Sawin|.

     [We have now a tolerably fair chance of estimating how the
     balance-sheet stands between our returned volunteer and
     glory. Supposing the entries to be set down on both sides of
     the account in fractional parts of one hundred, we shall
     arrive at something like the following result:--

          |B. Sawin|, Esq., in account with (|Blank|) |Glory|.

  Cr.                                                               Dr.
  By loss of one leg,           20  To one 675th three cheers in
  " do.  one arm,               15    Faneuil Hall,                  30
  " do.  four fingers,           5  " do. do. on occasion of
  " do.  one eye,               10    presentation of sword to
  " the breaking of six ribs,    6    Colonel Wright,                25
  " having served under Colonel     " one suit of gray clothes
      Cushing one month,        44    (ingeniously unbecoming),      15
                                    " musical  entertainments
                                      (drum  and  fife six
                                      months),                        5
                                    " one dinner after return,        1
                                    " chance of pension,              1
                                    " privilege of drawing longbow
                                      during rest of natural
                                      life,                          23
                                                                    ---
                               100                                  100
      E. E.

     It would appear that Mr. Sawin found the actual feast
     curiously the reverse of the bill of fare advertised in
     Faneuil Hall and other places. His primary object seems to
     have been the making of his fortune. _Quærenda pecunia
     primum, virtus post nummos._ He hoisted sail for Eldorado,
     and shipwrecked on Point Tribulation. _Quid non mortalia
     pectora cogis, auri sacra fames?_ The speculation has
     sometimes crossed my mind, in that dreary interval of
     drought which intervenes between quarterly stipendiary
     showers, that Providence, by the creation of a money-tree,
     might have simplified wonderfully the sometimes perplexing
     problem of human life. We read of bread-trees, the butter
     for which lies ready-churned in Irish bogs. Milk-trees we
     are assured of in South America, and stout Sir John Hawkins
     testifies to water-trees in the Canaries. Boot-trees bear
     abundantly in Lynn and elsewhere; and I have seen, in the
     entries of the wealthy, hat-trees with a fair show of fruit.
     A family-tree I once cultivated myself, and found therefrom
     but a scanty yield, and that quite tasteless and
     innutritious. Of trees bearing men we are not without
     examples; as those in the park of Louis the Eleventh of
     France. Who has forgotten, moreover, that olive-tree,
     growing in the Athenian's back-garden, with its strange
     uxorious crop, for the general propagation of which, as of a
     new and precious variety, the philosopher Diogenes, hitherto
     uninterested in arboriculture, was so zealous? In the
     _sylva_ of our own Southern States, the females of my family
     have called my attention to the china-tree. Not to multiply
     examples, I will barely add to my list the birch-tree, in
     the smaller branches of which has been implanted so
     miraculous a virtue for communicating the Latin and Greek
     languages, and which may well, therefore, be classed among
     the trees producing necessaries of life,--_venerabile donum
     fatalis virgæ_. That money-trees existed in the golden age
     there want not prevalent reasons for our believing. For does
     not the old proverb, when it asserts that money does not
     grow on _every_ bush, imply _a fortiori_ that there were
     certain bushes which did produce it? Again, there is another
     ancient saw to the effect that money is the _root_ of all
     evil. From which two adages it may be safe to infer that the
     aforesaid species of tree first degenerated into a shrub,
     then absconded underground, and finally, in our iron age,
     vanished altogether. In favorable exposures it may be
     conjectured that a specimen or two survived to a great age,
     as in the garden of the Hesperides; and, indeed, what else
     could that tree in the Sixth Æneid have been, with a branch
     whereof the Trojan hero procured admission to a territory,
     for the entering of which money is a surer passport than to
     a certain other more profitable (too) foreign kingdom?
     Whether these speculations of mine have any force in them,
     or whether they will not rather, by most readers, be deemed
     impertinent to the matter in hand, is a question which I
     leave to the determination of an indulgent posterity. That
     there were, in more primitive and happier times, shops where
     money was sold,--and that, too, on credit and at a
     bargain,--I take to be matter of demonstration. For what but
     a dealer in this article was that Æolus who supplied Ulysses
     with motive power for his fleet in bags? What that Ericus,
     king of Sweden, who is said to have kept the winds in his
     cap? What, in more recent times, those Lapland Nornas who
     traded in favorable breezes? All which will appear the more
     clearly when we consider, that, even to this day, _raising
     the wind_ is proverbial for raising money, and that brokers
     and banks were invented by the Venetians at a later period.

     And now for the improvement of this digression. I find a
     parallel to Mr. Sawin's fortune in an adventure of my own.
     For, shortly after I had first broached to myself the
     before-stated natural-historical and archæological theories,
     as I was passing, _hæc negotia penitus mecum revolvens_,
     through one of the obscure suburbs of our New England
     metropolis, my eye was attracted by these words upon a
     sign-board,--|Cheap Cash-Store|. Here was at once the
     confirmation of my speculations, and the substance of my
     hopes. Here lingered the fragment of a happier past, or
     stretched out the first tremulous organic filament of a more
     fortunate future. Thus glowed the distant Mexico to the eyes
     of Sawin, as he looked through the dirty pane of the
     recruiting-office window, or speculated from the summit of
     that mirage-Pisgah which the imps of the bottle are so
     cunning in raising up. Already had my Alnaschar-fancy (even
     during that first half-believing glance) expended in various
     useful directions the funds to be obtained by pledging the
     manuscript of a proposed volume of discourses. Already did a
     clock ornament the tower of the Jaalam meeting-house, a gift
     appropriately, but modestly, commemorated in the parish and
     town records, both, for now many years, kept by myself.
     Already had my son Seneca completed his course at the
     University. Whether, for the moment, we may not be
     considered as actually lording it over those Baratarias with
     the viceroyalty of which Hope invests us, and whether we are
     ever so warmly housed as in our Spanish castles, would
     afford matter of argument. Enough that I found that
     sign-board to be no other than a bait to the trap of a
     decayed grocer. Nevertheless, I bought a pound of dates
     (getting short weight by reason of immense flights of harpy
     flies who pursued and lighted upon their prey even in the
     very scales), which purchase I made, not only with an eye to
     the little ones at home, but also as a figurative reproof of
     that too frequent habit of my mind, which, forgetting the
     due order of chronology, will often persuade me that the
     happy sceptre of Saturn is stretched over this
     Astræa-forsaken nineteenth century.

     Having glanced at the ledger of Glory under the title
     _Sawin, B._, let us extend our investigations, and discover
     if that instructive volume does not contain some charges
     more personally interesting to ourselves. I think we should
     be more economical of our resources, did we thoroughly
     appreciate the fact, that, whenever brother Jonathan seems
     to be thrusting his hand into his own pocket, he is, in
     fact, picking ours. I confess that the late _muck_ which the
     country has been running has materially changed my views as
     to the best method of raising revenue. If, by means of
     direct taxation, the bills for every extraordinary outlay
     were brought under our immediate eye, so that, like thrifty
     housekeepers, we could see where and how fast the money was
     going, we should be less likely to commit extravagances. At
     present, these things are managed in such a hugger-mugger
     way, that we know not what we pay for; the poor man is
     charged as much as the rich; and, while we are saving and
     scrimping at the spigot, the government is drawing off at
     the bung. If we could know that a part of the money we
     expend for tea and coffee goes to buy powder and balls, and
     that it is Mexican blood which makes the clothes on our
     backs more costly, it would set some of us athinking. During
     the present fall, I have often pictured to myself a
     government official entering my study and handing me the
     following bill:--

                                        |Washington|, Sept. 30, 1848.

                 |Rev. Homer Wilbur| to |Uncle Samuel|,

                                                                  Dr.
  To his share of work done in Mexico on partnership account,
  sundry jobs, as below.

  " killing, maiming, and wounding about 5,000 Mexicans,        $2.00
  " slaughtering one woman carrying water to wounded,             .10
  " extra work on two different Sabbaths (one bombardment
     and one assault) whereby the Mexicans were prevented
     from defiling themselves with the idolatries of high mass,  3.50
  "throwing an especially fortunate and Protestant bombshell
     into the Cathedral at Vera Cruz, whereby several female
     Papists were slain at the altar,                             .50
  "his proportion of cash paid for conquered territory,          1.75
  "      do.          do.      for conquering  do.               1.50
  "manuring do. with new superior compost called "American
     Citizen,"                                                    .50
  "extending the area of freedom and Protestantism,               .01
  "glory,                                                         .01
                                                                -----
                                                                $9.87
  _Immediate payment is requested._

     N. B. Thankful for former favors, U. S. requests a
     continuance of patronage. Orders executed with neatness and
     despatch. Terms as low as those of any other contractor for
     the same kind and style of work.

     I can fancy the official answering my look of horror
     with,--"Yes, Sir, it looks like a high charge, Sir: but in
     these days slaughtering is slaughtering." Verily, I would
     that every one understood that it was; for it goes about
     obtaining money under the false pretence of being glory. For
     me, I have an imagination which plays me uncomfortable
     tricks. It happens to me sometimes to see a slaughterer on
     his way home from his day's work, and forthwith my
     imagination puts a cocked-hat upon his head and epaulettes
     upon his shoulders, and sets him up as a candidate for the
     Presidency. So, also, on a recent public occasion, as the
     place assigned to the "Reverend Clergy" is just behind that
     of "Officers of the Army and Navy" in processions, it was my
     fortune to be seated at the dinner-table over against one of
     these respectable persons. He was arrayed as (out of his own
     profession) only kings, court-officers, and footmen are in
     Europe, and Indians in America. Now what does my
     over-officious imagination but set to work upon him, strip
     him of his gay livery, and present him to me coatless, his
     trowsers thrust into the tops of a pair of boots thick with
     clotted blood, and a basket on his arm out of which lolled a
     gore-smeared axe, thereby destroying my relish for the
     temporal mercies upon the board before me!--H. W.]




                               No. IX.

                  A THIRD LETTER FROM B. SAWIN, ESQ.


     [Upon the following letter slender comment will be needful.
     In what river Selemnus has Mr. Sawin bathed, that he has
     become so swiftly oblivious of his former loves? From an
     ardent and (as befits a soldier) confident wooer of that coy
     bride, the popular favor, we see him subside of a sudden
     into the (I trust not jilted) Cincinnatus, returning to his
     plough with a goodly-sized branch of willow in his hand;
     figuratively returning, however, to a figurative plough, and
     from no profound affection for that honored implement of
     husbandry, (for which, indeed, Mr. Sawin never displayed any
     decided predilection,) but in order to be gracefully
     summoned therefrom to more congenial labors. It would seem
     that the character of the ancient Dictator had become part
     of the recognized stock of our modern political comedy,
     though, as our term of office extends to a quadrennial
     length, the parallel is not so minutely exact as could be
     desired. It is sufficiently so, however, for purposes of
     scenic representation. An humble cottage (if built of logs,
     the better) forms the Arcadian background of the stage. This
     rustic paradise is labelled Ashland, Jaalam, North Bend,
     Marshfield, Kinderhook, or Bâton Rouge, as occasion demands.
     Before the door stands a something with one handle (the
     other painted in proper perspective), which represents, in
     happy ideal vagueness, the plough. To this the defeated
     candidate rushes with delirous joy, welcomed as a father by
     appropriate groups of happy laborers, or from it the
     successful one is torn with difficulty, sustained alone by a
     noble sense of public duty. Only I have observed, that, if
     the scene be laid at Bâton Rouge or Ashland, the laborers
     are kept carefully in the background, and are heard to shout
     from behind the scenes in a singular tone resembling
     ululation, and accompanied by a sound not unlike vigorous
     clapping. This, however, may be artistically in keeping with
     the habits of the rustic population of those localities. The
     precise connection between agricultural pursuits and
     statesmanship I have not been able, after diligent inquiry,
     to discover. But, that my investigations may not be barren
     of all fruit, I will mention one curious statistical fact,
     which I consider thoroughly established, namely, that no
     real farmer ever attains practically beyond a seat in
     General Court, however theoretically qualified for more
     exalted station.

     It is probable that some other prospect has been opened to
     Mr. Sawin, and that he has not made this great sacrifice
     without some definite understanding in regard to a seat in
     the cabinet or a foreign mission. It may be supposed that we
     of Jaalam were not untouched by a feeling of villatic pride
     in beholding our townsman occupying so large a space in the
     public eye. And to me, deeply revolving the qualifications
     necessary to a candidate in these frugal times, those of Mr.
     S. seemed peculiarly adapted to a successful campaign. The
     loss of a leg, an arm, an eye, and four fingers, reduced him
     so nearly to the condition of a _vox et præterea nihil_,
     that I could think of nothing but the loss of his head by
     which his chance could have been bettered. But since he has
     chosen to baulk our suffrages, we must content ourselves
     with what we can get, remembering _lactucas non esse dandas,
     dum cardui sufficiant._--H. W.]

  I spose you recollect thet I explained my gennle views
  In the last billet thet I writ, 'way down frum Veery Cruze,
  Jest arter I'd a kind o' ben spontanously sot up
  To run unanimously fer the Presidential cup;
  O' course it worn't no wish o' mine, 'twuz ferflely distressin',
  But poppiler enthusiasm gut so almighty pressin'
  Thet, though like sixty all along I fumed an' fussed an' sorrered,
  There didn't seem no ways to stop their bringin' on me forrerd:
  Fact is, they udged the matter so, I couldn't help admittin'
  The Father o' his Country's shoes no feet but mine 'ould fit in,
  Besides the savin' o' the soles fer ages to succeed,
  Seein' thet with one wannut foot, a pair 'd be more 'n I need;
  An', tell ye wut, them shoes'll want a thund'rin' sight o' patchin',
  Ef this 'ere fashion is to last we've gut into o' hatchin'
  A pair o' second Washintons fer every new election,--
  Though, fur ez number one's consarned, I don't make no objection.

  I wuz agoin' on to say thet wen at fust I saw
  The masses would stick to 't I wuz the Country's father-'n-law,
  (They would ha' hed it _Father_, but I told 'em 't wouldn't du,
  Coz thet wuz sutthin' of a sort they couldn't split in tu,
  An' Washinton hed hed the thing laid fairly to his door,
  Nor darsn't say 't worn't his'n, much ez sixty year afore,)
  But 'taint no matter ez to thet; wen I wuz nomernated,
  'T worn't natur but wut I should feel consid'able elated,
  An' wile the hooraw o' the thing wuz kind o' noo an' fresh,
  I thought our ticket would ha' caird the country with a resh.

  Sence I've come hum, though, an' looked round, I think I seem to find
  Strong argimunts ez thick ez fleas to make me change my mind;
  It's clear to any one whose brain ain't fur gone in a phthisis,
  Thet hail Columby's happy land is goin' thru a crisis,
  An' 't wouldn't noways du to hev the people's mind distracted
  By bein' all to once by sev'ral pop'lar names attackted;
  'T would save holl haycartloads o' fuss an' three four months o' jaw,
  Ef some illustrous paytriot should back out an' withdraw;
  So, ez I aint a crooked stick, jest like--like ole (I swow,
  I dunno ez I know his name)--I'll go back to my plough.

  Wenever an Amerikin distinguished politishin
  Begins to try et wut they call definin' his posishin,
  Wal, I, fer one, feel sure he aint gut nuthin' to define;
  It's so nine cases out o' ten, but jest that tenth is mine;
  An' 'taint no more 'n is proper 'n' right in sech a sitooation
  To hint the course you think 'll be the savin' o' the nation;
  To funk right out o' p'lit'cal strife aint thought to be the thing,
  Without you deacon off the toon you want your folks should sing;
  So I edvise the noomrous friends thet's in one boat with me
  To jest up killock, jam right down their hellum hard a lee,
  Haul the sheets taut, an', laying out upon the Suthun tack,
  Make fer the safest port they can, wich, _I_ think, is Ole Zack.

  Next thing you'll want to know, I spose, wut argimunts I seem
  To see thet makes me think this ere'll be the strongest team;
  Fust place, I've ben consid'ble round in bar-rooms an' saloons
  Agethrin' public sentiment, 'mongst Demmercrats and Coons,
  An' 'taint ve'y offen thet I meet a chap but wut goes in
  Fer Rough an' Ready, fair an' square, hufs, taller, horns, an' skin;
  I don't deny but wut, fer one, ez fur ez I could see,
  I didn't like at fust the Pheladelphy nomernee:
  I could ha' pinted to a man thet wuz, I guess, a peg
  Higher than him,--a soger, tu, an' with a wooden leg;
  But every day with more an' more o' Taylor zeal I'm burnin',  s
  Seein' wich way the tide thet sets to office is aturnin';
  Wy, into Bellers's we notched the votes down on three sticks,--
  'Twuz Birdofredum _one_, Cass _aught_, an' Taylor _twenty-six_,
  An' bein' the on'y canderdate thet wuz upon the ground,
  They said 'twuz no more'n right thet I should pay the drinks all round;
  Ef I'd expected sech a trick, I wouldn't ha' cut my foot
  By goin' an' votin' fer myself like a consumed coot;
  It didn't make no diff'rence, though; I wish I may be cust,
  Ef Bellers wuzn't slim enough to say he wouldn't trust!

  Another pint thet influences the minds o' sober jedges
  Is thet the Gin'ral hezn't gut tied hand an' foot with pledges;
  He hezn't told ye wut he is, an' so there aint no knowin'
  But wut he may turn out to be the best there is agoin';
  This, at the on'y spot thet pinched, the shoe directly eases,
  Coz every one is free to 'xpect percisely what he pleases:
  I want free-trade; you don't; the Gin'ral isn't bound to neither;--
  I vote my way; you, yourn; an' both air sooted to a T there.
  Ole Rough an' Ready, tu, 's a Wig, but without bein' ultry
  (He's like a holsome hayinday, thet's warm, but isn't sultry);
  He's jest wut I should call myself, a kin' o' _scratch_, ez 'tware,
  Thet ain't exacly all a wig nor wholly your own hair;
  I've ben a Wig three weeks myself, jest o' this mod'rate sort,
  An' don't find them an' Demmercrats so different ez I thought;
  They both act pooty much alike, an' push an' scrouge an' cus;
  They're like two pickpockets in league fer Uncle Samwell's pus;
  Each takes a side, an' then they squeeze the old man in between 'em,
  Turn all his pockets wrong side out an' quick ez lightnin' clean 'em;
  To nary one on 'em I'd trust a secon'-handed rail
  No furder off 'an I could sling a bullock by the tail.

  Webster sot matters right in thet air Mashfiel' speech o' his'n;--
  "Taylor," sez he, "aint nary ways the one thet I'd a chizzen,
  Nor he aint fittin' fer the place, an' like ez not he aint
  No more'n a tough ole bullethead, an' no gret of a saint;
  But then," sez he, "obsarve my pint, he's jest ez good to vote fer
  Ez though the greasin' on him worn't a thing to hire Choate fer;
  Aint it ez easy done to drop a ballot in a box
  Fer one ez 'tis fer t'other, fer the bulldog ez the fox?"

  It takes a mind like Dannel's, fact, ez big ez all ou'doors,
  To find out thet it looks like rain arter it fairly pours;
  I 'gree with him, it aint so dreffle troublesome to vote
  Fer Taylor arter all,--it's jest to go an' change your coat;
  Wen he's once greased, you'll swaller him an' never know on't, scurce,
  Unless he scratches, goin' down, with them 'ere Gin'ral's spurs.
  I've ben a votin' Demmercrat, ez reg'lar ez a clock,
  But don't find goin' Taylor gives my narves no gret 'f a shock;
  Truth is, the cutest leadin' Wigs, ever sence fust they found
  Wich side the bread gut buttered on, hev kep' a edgin' round;
  They kin' o' slipt the planks frum out th' ole platform one by one
  An' made it gradooally noo, 'fore folks know'd wut wuz done,
  Till, fur'z I know, there aint an inch thet I could lay my han' on,
  But I, or any Demmercrat, feels comf'table to stan' on,
  An' ole Wig doctrines act'lly look, their occ'pants bein' gone,
  Lonesome ez staddles on a mash without no hayricks on.
  I spose it's time now I should give my thoughts upon the plan,
  Thet chipped the shell at Buffalo, o' settin' up ole Van.
  I used to vote fer Martin, but, I swan, I'm clean disgusted,--
  He aint the man thet I can say is fittin' to be trusted;
  He aint half antislav'ry 'nough, nor I aint sure, ez some be,
  He'd go in fer abolishin' the Deestrick o' Columby;
  An', now I come to recollect, it kin' o' makes me sick'z
  A horse, to think o' wut he wuz in eighteen thirty-six.
  An' then, another thing;--I guess, though mebby I am wrong,
  This Buff'lo plaster aint agoin' to dror almighty strong;
  Some folks, I know, hev gut th' idee thet No'thun dough'll rise,
  Though, 'fore I see it riz an' baked, I wouldn't trust my eyes;
  'T will take more emptins, a long chalk, than this noo party's gut,
  To give sech heavy cakes ez them a start, I tell ye wut.
  But even ef they caird the day, there wouldn't be no endurin'
  To stan' upon a platform with sech critters ez Van Buren;--
  An' his son John, tu, I can't think how thet 'ere chap should dare
  To speak ez he doos; wy, they say he used to cuss an' swear!
  I spose he never read the hymn thet tells how down the stairs
  A feller with long legs wuz throwed thet wouldn't say his prayers.
  This brings me to another pint: the leaders o' the party
  Aint jest sech men ez I can act along with free an' hearty;
  They aint not quite respectable, an' wen a feller's morrils
  Don't toe the straightest kin' o' mark, wy, him an' me jest quarrils.
  I went to a free soil meetin' once, an' wut d' ye think I see?
  A feller was aspoutin' there thet act'lly come to me,
  About two year ago last spring, ez nigh ez I can jedge,
  An' axed me ef I didn't want to sign the Temprunce pledge!
  He's one o' them that goes about an' sez you hedn't ough'ter
  Drink nothin', mornin', noon, or night, stronger 'an Taunton water.
  There's one rule I've ben guided by, in settlin' how to vote, ollers,--
  I take the side thet _isn't_ took by them consarned teetotallers.
  Ez fer the niggers, I've ben South, an' thet hez changed my mind;
  A lazier, more ongrateful set you couldn't nowers find.
  You know I mentioned in my last thet I should buy a nigger,
  Ef I could make a purchase at a pooty mod'rate figger;
  So, ez there's nothin' in the world I 'm fonder of 'an gunnin',
  I closed a bargin finally to take a feller runnin'.
  I shou'dered queen's-arm an' stumped out, an' wen I come t' th' swamp,
  'T worn't very long before I gut upon the nest o' Pomp;
  I come acrost a kin' o' hut, an', play in' round the door,
  Some little woolly-headed cubs, ez many 'z six or more.
  At fust I thought o' firin', but _think twice_ is safest ollers;
  There aint, thinks I, not one on 'em but's wuth his twenty dollars,
  Or would be, ef I had 'em back into a Christian land,--
  How temptin' all on 'em would look upon an auction-stand!
  (Not but wut _I_ hate Slavery in th' abstract, stem to starn,--
  I leave it ware our fathers did, a privit State consarn.)
  Soon'z they see me, they yelled an' run, but Pomp wuz out ahoein'
  A leetle patch o' corn he hed, or else there aint no knowin'
  He wouldn't ha' took a pop at me; but I had gut the start,
  An' wen he looked, I vow he groaned ez though he'd broke his heart;
  He done it like a wite man, tu, ez nat'ral ez a pictur,
  The imp'dunt, pis'nous hypocrite! wus'an a boy constrictur.
  "You can't gum _me_, I tell ye now, an' so you needn't try,
  I 'xpect my eye-teeth every mail, so jest shet up," sez I.
  "Don't go to actin' ugly now, or else I'll jest let strip,
  You'd best draw kindly, seein' 'z how I've gut ye on the hip;
  Besides, you darned ole fool, it aint no gret of a disaster
  To be benev'lently druv back to a contented master,
  Ware you hed Christian priv'ledges you don't seem quite aware of,
  Or you'd ha' never run away from bein' well took care of;
  Ez fer kin' treatment, wy, he wuz so fond on ye, he sed
  He'd give a fifty spot right out, to git ye, live or dead;
  Wite folks aint sot by half ez much; 'member I run away,
  Wen I wuz bound to Cap'n Jakes, to Mattysqumscot bay;
  Don't know him, likely? Spose not; wal, the mean ole codger went
  An' offered--wut reward, think? Wal, it worn't no _less_'n a cent."

  Wal, I jest gut 'em into line, an' druv 'em on afore me,
  The pis'nous brutes, I'd no idee o' the ill-will they bore me;
  We walked till som'ers about noon, an' then it grew so hot
  I thought it best to camp awile, so I chose out a spot
  Jest under a magnoly tree, an' there right down I sot;
  Then I unstrapped my wooden leg, coz it begun to chafe,
  An' laid it down 'long side o' me, supposin' all wuz safe;
  I made my darkies all set down around me in a ring,
  An' sot an' kin' o' ciphered up how much the lot would bring;
  But, wile I drinked the peaceful cup of a pure heart an' mind,
  (Mixed with some wiskey, now an' then,) Pomp he snaked up behind,
  An' creepin' grad'lly close tu, ez quiet ez a mink,
  Jest grabbed my leg, and then pulled foot, quicker 'an you could wink,
  An', come to look, they each on 'em hed gut behin' a tree,
  An' a poked out the leg a piece, jest so ez I could see,
  An' yelled to me to throw away my pistils an' my gun,
  Or else thet they'd cair off the leg, an' fairly cut an' run.
  I vow I didn't b'lieve there wuz a decent alligatur
  Thet hed a heart so destitoot o' common human natur;
  However, ez there worn't no help, I finally give in
  An' heft my arms away to git my leg safe back agin.
  Pomp gethered all the weapins up, an' then he come an' grinned,
  He showed his ivory some, I guess, an' sez, "You're fairly pinned;
  Jest buckle on your leg agin, an' git right up an come,
  'Twun't du fer fammerly men like me to be so long from hum."
  At fust I put my foot right down an' swore I wouldn't budge.
  "Jest ez you choose," sez he, quite cool, "either be shot or trudge."

  So this black-hearted monster took an' act'lly druv me back
  Along the very feetmarks o' my happy mornin' track,
  An' kep' me pris'ner 'bout six-months, an' worked me, tu, like sin,
  Till I hed gut his corn an' his Carliny taters in;
  He made me larn him readin', tu, (although the crittur saw
  How much it hut my morril sense to act agin the law,)
  So'st he could read a Bible he'd gut; an' axed ef I could pint
  The North Star out; but there I put his nose some out o' jint,
  Fer I weeled roun' about sou'west, an', lookin' up a bit,
  Picked out a middlin' shiny one an' tole him thet wuz it.
  Fin'lly, he took me to the door, an', givin' me a kick,
  Sez,--"Ef you know wut's best fer ye, be off, now, double-quick;
  The winter-time's a comin' on, an', though I gut ye cheap,
  You're so darned lazy, I don't think you're hardly wuth your keep;
  Besides, the childrin's growin' up, an' you aint jest the model
  I'd like to hev 'em immertate, an' so you'd better toddle!"

  Now is there any thin' on airth 'll ever prove to me
  Thet renegader slaves like him air fit fer bein' free?
  D'you think they'll suck me in to jine the Buff'lo chaps, an' them
  Rank infidels thet go agin the Scriptur'l cus o' Shem?
  Not by a jugfull! sooner 'n thet, I'd go thru fire an' water;
  Wen I hev once made up my mind, a meet'nhus aint sotter;
  No, not though all the crows thet flies to pick my bones wuz cawin',--
  I guess we're in a Christian land,--

                                Yourn,
                                      |Birdofredum Sawin|.

     [Here, patient reader, we take leave of each other, I trust
     with some mutual satisfaction. I say _patient_, for I love
     not that kind which skims dippingly over the surface of the
     page, as swallows over a pool before rain. By such no pearls
     shall be gathered. But if no pearls there be (as, indeed,
     the world is not without example of books wherefrom the
     longest-winded diver shall bring up no more than his proper
     handful of mud), yet let us hope that an oyster or two may
     reward adequate perseverance. If neither pearls nor oysters,
     yet is patience itself a gem worth diving deeply for.

     It may seem to some that too much space has been usurped by
     my own private lucubrations, and some may be fain to bring
     against me that old jest of him who preached all his hearers
     out of the meetinghouse save only the sexton, who, remaining
     for yet a little space, from a sense of official duty, at
     last gave out also, and, presenting the keys, humbly
     requested our preacher to lock the doors, when he should
     have wholly relieved himself of his testimony. I confess to
     a satisfaction in the self act of preaching, nor do I esteem
     a discourse to be wholly thrown away even upon a sleeping or
     unintelligent auditory. I cannot easily believe that the
     Gospel of Saint John, which Jacques Cartier ordered to be
     read in the Latin tongue to the Canadian savages, upon his
     first meeting with them, fell altogether upon stony ground.
     For the earnestness of the preacher is a sermon appreciable
     by dullest intellects and most alien ears. In this wise did
     Episcopius convert many to his opinions, who yet understood
     not the language in which he discoursed. The chief thing is
     that the messenger believe that he has an authentic message
     to deliver. For counterfeit messengers that mode of
     treatment which Father John de Plano Carpini relates to have
     prevailed among the Tartars would seem effectual, and,
     perhaps, deserved enough. For my own part, I may lay claim
     to so much of the spirit of martyrdom as would have led me
     to go into banishment with those clergymen whom Alphonso the
     Sixth of Portugal drave out of his kingdom for refusing to
     shorten their public eloquence. It is possible, that, having
     been invited into my brother Biglow's desk, I may have been
     too little scrupulous in using it for the venting of my own
     peculiar doctrines to a congregation drawn together in the
     expectation and with the desire of hearing him.

     I am not wholly unconscious of a peculiarity of mental
     organization which impels me, like the railroad-engine with
     its train of cars, to run backward for a short distance in
     order to obtain a fairer start. I may compare myself to one
     fishing from the rocks when the sea runs high, who,
     misinterpreting the suction of the undertow for the biting
     of some larger fish, jerks suddenly, and finds that he has
     _caught bottom_, hauling in upon the end of his line a trail
     of various _algæ_, among which, nevertheless, the naturalist
     may haply find something to repay the disappointment of the
     angler. Yet have I conscientiously endeavored to adapt
     myself to the impatient temper of the age, daily
     degenerating more and more from the high standard of our
     pristine New England. To the catalogue of lost arts I would
     mournfully add also that of listening to two-hour sermons.
     Surely we have been abridged into a race of pigmies. For,
     truly, in those of the old discourses yet subsisting to us
     in print, the endless spinal column of divisions and
     subdivisions can be likened to nothing so exactly as to the
     vertebræ of the saurians, whence the theorist may conjecture
     a race of Anakim proportionate to the withstanding of these
     other monsters. I say Anakim rather than Nephelim, because
     there seem reasons for supposing that the race of those
     whose heads (though no giants) are constantly enveloped in
     clouds (which that name imports) will never become extinct.
     The attempt to vanquish the innumerable _heads_ of one of
     those aforementioned discourses may supply us with a
     plausible interpretation of the second labor of Hercules,
     and his successful experiment with fire affords us a useful
     precedent.

     But while I lament the degeneracy of the age in this regard,
     I cannot refuse to succumb to its influence. Looking out
     through my study-window, I see Mr. Biglow at a distance busy
     in gathering his Baldwins, of which, to judge by the number
     of barrels lying about under the trees, his crop is more
     abundant than my own,--by which sight I am admonished to
     turn to those orchards of the mind wherein my labors may be
     more prospered, and apply myself diligently to the
     preparation of my next Sabbath's discourse.--H. W.]




                 GLOSSARY.


            A.

  Act'lly, _actually_.

  Air, _are_.

  Airth, _earth_.

  Airy, _area_.

  Aree, _area_.

  Arter, _after_.

  Ax, _ask_.


            B.

  Beller, _bellow_.

  Bellowses, _lungs_.

  Ben, _been_.

  Bile, _boil_.

  Bimeby, _by and by_.

  Blurt out, _to speak bluntly_.

  Bust, _burst_.

  Buster, _a roistering blade_; used also as a general superlative.



            C.

  Caird, _carried_.

  Cairn, _carrying_.

  Caleb, _a turncoat_.

  Cal'late, _calculate_.

  Cass, _a person with two lives_.

  Close, _clothes_.

  Cockerel, _a young cock_.

  Cocktail, _a kind of drink_; also, _an ornament peculiar to soldiers_.

  Convention, _a place where people are imposed on_; _a juggler's show_.

  Coons, _a cant term for a now defunct party_; derived, perhaps, from
    the fact of their being commonly _up a tree_.

  Cornwallis, _a sort of muster in masquerade_; supposed to have had its
    origin soon after the Revolution, and to commemorate the surrender
    of Lord Cornwallis. It took the place of the old Guy Fawkes
    procession.

  Crooked stick, _a perverse, froward person_.

  Cunnle, _a colonel_.

  Cus, _a curse_; also, _a pitiful fellow_.


            D.

  Darsn't, used indiscriminately, either in singular or plural number,
    for _dare not_, _dares not_, and _dared not_.

  Deacon off, _to give the cue to_; derived from a custom, once
    universal, but now extinct, in our New England Congregational
    churches. An important part of the office of deacon was to read
    aloud the hymns _given out_ by the minister, one line at a time,
    the congregation singing each line as soon as read.

  Demmercrat, leadin', _one in favor of extending slavery_; _a free-trade
    lecturer maintained in the custom-house_.

  Desput, _desperate_.

  Doos, _does_.

  Doughface, _a contented lickspittle_; a common variety of Northern
    politician.

  Dror, _draw_.

  Du, _do_.

  Dunno, _dno_, _do not_, or _does not know_.

  Dut, _dirt_.


            E.

  Eend, _end_.

  Ef, _if_.

  Emptins, _yeast_.

  Env'y, _envoy_.

  Everlasting, an intensive, without reference to duration.

  Ev'y, _every_.

  Ez, _as_.


            F.

  Fence, On the, said of one who halts between two opinions; a trimmer.

  Fer, _for_.

  Ferfle, ferful, _fearful_; also an intensive.

  Fin', _find_.

  Fish-skin, used in New England to clarify coffee.

  Fix, _a difficulty_, _a nonplus_.

  Foller, folly, _to follow_.

  Forrerd, _forward_.

  Frum, _from_.

  Fur, far.

  Furder, _farther_.

  Furrer, _furrow_. Metaphorically, _to draw a straight furrow_ is to
    live uprightly or decorously.

  Fust, _first_.


            G.

  Gin, _gave_.

  Git, _get_.

  Gret, _great_.

  Grit, _spirit_, _energy_, _pluck_.

  Grout, _to sulk_.

  Grouty, _crabbed_, _surly_.

  Gum, _to impose on_.

  Gump, _a foolish fellow_, _a dullard_.

  Gut, _got_.


            H.

  Hed, _had_.

  Heern, _heard_.

  Hellum, _helm_.

  Hendy, _handy_.

  Het, _heated_.

  Hev, _have_.

  Hez, _has_.

  Holl, _whole_.

  Holt, _hold_.

  Huf, _hoof_.

  Hull, _whole_.

  Hum, _home_.

  Humbug, _General Taylor's antislavery_.

  Hut, _hurt_.


            I.

  Idno, _I do not know_.

  In'my, _enemy_.

  Insines, _ensigns_; used to designate both the officer who carries
    the standard, and the standard itself.

  Inter, intu, _into_.


            J.

  Jedge, _judge_.

  Jest, _just_.

  Jine, _join_.

  Jint, _joint_.

  Junk, _a fragment of any solid substance_.


            K.

  Keer, _care_.

  Kep', _kept_.

  Killock, _a small anchor_.

  Kin', kin' o, kinder, _kind_, _kind of_.


            L.

  Lawth, _loath_.

  Less, _let's_, _let us_.

  Let daylight into, _to shoot_.

  Let on, _to hint_, _to confess_, _to own_.

  Lick, _to beat_, _to overcome_.

  Lights, _the bowels_.

  Lily-pads, _leaves of the water-lily_.

  Long-sweetening, _molasses_.


            M.

  Mash, _marsh_.

  Mean, _stingy_, _ill-natured_.

  Min', _mind_.


            N.

  Nimepunce, _ninepence_, _twelve and a half cents_.

  Nowers, _nowhere_.


            O.

  Offen, _often_.

  Ole, _old_.

  Ollers, olluz, _always_.

  On, _of_; used before _it_ or _them_, or at the end of a sentence,
    as _on't_, _on 'em,_ _nut ez ever I heerd on_.

  On'y, _only_.

  Ossifer, _officer_ (seldom heard).


            P.

  Peaked, _pointed_.

  Peek, _to peep_.

  Pickerel, _the pike_, _a fish_.

  Pint, _point_.

  Pocket full of rocks, _plenty of money_.

  Pooty, _pretty_.

  Pop'ler, _conceited_, _popular_.

  Pus, _purse_.

  Put out, _troubled_, _vexed_.


            Q.

  Quarter, _a quarter-dollar_.

  Queen's arm, _a musket_.


            R.

  Resh, _rush_.

  Revelee, _the réveillé_.

  Rile, _to trouble_.

  Riled, _angry_; _disturbed_, as the sediment in any liquid.

  Riz, _risen_.

  Row, a long row to hoe, _a difficult task_.

  Rugged, _robust_.


            S.

  Sarse, _abuse_, _impertinence_.

  Sartin, _certain_.

  Saxton, _sacristan_, _sexton_.

  Scaliest, _worst_.

  Scringe, _cringe_.

  Scrouge, _to crowd_.

  Sech, _such_.

  Set by, _valued_.

  Shakes, great, _of considerable consequence_.

  Shappoes, _chapeaux_, _cocked-hats_.

  Sheer, _share_.

  Shet, _shut_.

  Shut, _shirt_.

  Skeered, _scared_.

  Skeeter, _mosquito_.

  Skootin', _running_, or _moving swiftly_.

  Slarterin', _slaughtering_.

  Slim, _contemptible_.

  Snaked, _crawled like a snake_; but _to snake any one out_ is to
    track him to his hiding-place; _to snake a thing out_ is to snatch it
    out.

  Soffles, _sofas_.

  Sogerin', _soldiering_; a barbarous amusement common among men in the
    savage state.

  Som'ers, _somewhere_.

  So'st, _so as that_.

  Sot, _set_, _obstinate_, _resolute_.

  Spiles, _spoils_; _objects of political ambition_.

  Spry, _active_.

  Staddles, _stout stakes driven into the salt marshes_, on which the
    hay-ricks are set and thus raised out of the reach of high tides.

  Streaked, _uncomfortable_, _discomfited_.

  Suckle, _circle_.

  Sutthin', _something_.

  Suttin, _certain_.


            T.

  Take on, _to sorrow_.

  Talents, _talons_.

  Taters, _potatoes_.

  Tell, _till_.

  Tetch, _touch_.

  Tetch tu, _to be able_; used always after a negative in this sense.

  Thru, _through_.

  Thundering, a euphemism common in New England for the profane English
    expression _devilish_. Perhaps derived from the belief, common
    formerly, that thunder was caused by the Prince of the Air, for some
    of whose accomplishments consult Cotton Mather.

  Tollable, _tolerable_.

  Toot, used derisively for _playing on any wind instrument_.

  Tu, _to_, _too_; commonly has this sound when used emphatically, or at
    the end of a sentence. At other times it has the sound of _t_ in
    _tough_, as, _Ware ye goin' tu? Goin' t' Boston_.


            U.

  Ugly, _ill-tempered_, _intractable_.

  Uncle Sam, _United States_; the largest boaster of liberty and owner
    of slaves.

  Unrizzest, applied to dough or bread; _heavy_, _most unrisen_, or _most
    incapable of rising_.


            V.

  V-spot, _a five-dollar bill_.

  Vally, _value_.


            W.

  Wake snakes, _to get into trouble_.

  Wal, _well_; spoken with great deliberation, and sometimes with the
    _a_ very much flattened, sometimes (but more seldom) very much
    broadened.

  Wannut, _walnut_ (_hickory_).

  Ware, _where_.

  Ware, _were_.

  Whopper, _an uncommonly large lie_; as, that General Taylor is in favor
    of the Wilmot Proviso.

  Wig, _Whig_; a party now dissolved.

  Wunt, _will not_.

  Wus, _worse_.

  Wut, _what_.

  Wuth, _worth_; as, _Antislavery perfessions 'fore 'lection aint wuth
    a Bungtown copper_.

  Wuz, _was_, sometimes _were_.


            Y.

  Yaller, _yellow_.

  Yeller, _yellow_.

  Yellers,_ a disease of peach-trees_.


            Z.

  Zack, Ole, _a second Washington, an antislavery slaveholder, a humane
    buyer and seller of men and women, a Christian hero generally_.




                 INDEX.


            A.

  A. B., information wanted concerning, 427.

  Adam, eldest son of, respected, 393.

  Æneas goes to hell, 441.

  Æolus, a seller of money, as is supposed by some, 441.

  Æschylus, a saying of, 414, _note_.

  Alligator, a decent one conjectured to be, in some sort, humane, 451.

  Alphonso the Sixth of Portugal, tyrannical act of, 453.

  Ambrose, Saint, excellent (but rationalistic) sentiment of, 406.

  "American Citizen," new compost so called, 442.

  American Eagle, a source of inspiration, 410
    hitherto wrongly classed, 414
    long bill of, _ib._

  Amos, cited, 405.

  Anakim, that they formerly existed, shown, 453.

  Angels, providentially speak French, 400
    conjectured to be skilled in all tongues, _ib._

  Anglo-Saxondom, its idea, what, 398.

  Anglo-Saxon mask, 399.

  Anglo-Saxon race, 396.

  Anglo-Saxon verse, by whom carried to perfection, 393.

  Antonius, a speech of, 408
    by whom best reported, _ib._

  Apocalypse, beast in, magnetic to theologians, 431.

  Apollo, confessed mortal by his own oracle, 431.

  Apollyon, his tragedies popular, 426.

  Appian, an Alexandrian, not equal to Shakspeare as an orator, 408.

  Ararat, ignorance of foreign tongues is an, 415.

  Arcadian background, 443.

  Aristophanes, 405.

  Arms, profession of, once esteemed especially that of gentleman, 393.

  Arnold, 409.

  Ashland, 443.

  Astor, Jacob, a rich man, 436.

  Astraea, nineteenth century forsaken by, 442.

  Athenians, ancient, an institution of, 408.

  Atherton, Senator, envies the loon, 419.

  Austin, Saint, profane wish of, 409, _note_.

  Aye-Aye, the, an African animal, America supposed to be settled by, 401.


            B.

  Babel, probably the first Congress, 415
    a gabble-mill, _ib._

  Baby, a low-priced one, 440.

  Bagowind, Hon. Mr., whether to be damned, 421.

  Baldwin apples, 454.

  Baratarias, real or imaginary, which most pleasant, 442.

  Barnum, a great natural curiosity recommended to, 413.

  Barrels, an inference from seeing, 454.

  Bâton Rouge, 443
    strange peculiarities of laborers at, _ib._

  Baxter, R., a saying of, 406.

  Bay, Mattysqumscot, 450.

  Bay State, singular effect produced on military officers by leaving
      it, 399.

  Beast in Apocalypse, a loadstone for whom, 431.

  Beelzebub, his rigadoon, 419.

  Behmen, his letters not letters, 427.

  Bellevs, a saloon-keeper, 446
    inhumanly refuses credit to a presidential candidate, _ib._

  Biglow, Ezekiel, his letter to Hon. J. T. Buckingham, 388
    never heard of any one named Mundishes, _ib._
    nearly fourscore years old, _ib._
    his aunt Keziah, a notable saying of, 389.

  Biglow, Hosea, excited by composition, 388
    a poem by, 389, 422
    his opinion of war, 390
    wanted at home by Nancy, 391
    recommends a forcible enlistment of warlike editors, _ib._
    would not wonder, if generally agreed with, _ib._
    versifies letter of Mr. Sawin, 393
    a letter from, 394, 417
    his opinion of Mr. Sawin, 394
    does not deny fun at Cornwallis, 395, _note_
    his idea of militia glory, 396, _note_
    a pun of, 397, _note_
    is uncertain in regard to people of Boston, _ib._
    had never heard of Mr. John P. Robinson, 401
    _aliquid sufflaminandus_, 402
    his poems attributed to a Mr. Lowell, 405
    is unskilled in Latin, 405
    his poetry maligned by some, _ib._
    his disinterestedness, _ib._
    his deep share in commonweal, 405
    his claim to the presidency, _ib._
    his mowing, _ib._
    resents being called Whig, 406
    opposed to tariff, _ib._
    obstinate, _ib._
    infected with peculiar notions, _ib._
    reports a speech, 408
    emulates historians of antiquity, _ib._
    his character sketched from a hostile point of view, 415
    a request of his complied with, 421
    appointed at a public meeting in Jaalam, 428
    confesses ignorance, in one minute particular, of propriety, _ib._
    his opinion of cocked hats, _ib._
    letter to, _ib._
    called "Dear Sir," by a general, _ib._
    probably receives same compliment from two hundred and nine, _ib._
    picks his apples, 454
    his crop of Baldwins conjecturally large, _ib._

  Billings, Dea. Cephas, 395.

  Birch, virtue of, in instilling certain of the dead languages, 441.

  Bird of our country sings hosanna, 396.

  Blind, to go it, 439.

  Blitz, pulls ribbons from his mouth, 396.

  Bluenose potatoes, smell of, eagerly desired, 396.

  Bobtail obtains a cardinal's hat, 401.

  Bolles, Mr. Secondary, author of prize peace essay, 396
    presents sword to Lieutenant Colonel, _ib._
    a fluent orator, _ib._
    found to be in error, 397.

  Bonaparte, N., a usurper, 431.

  Boot-trees, productive, where, 441.

  Boston, people of, supposed educated, 397, _note_.

  Brahmins, navel-contemplating, 427.

  Bread-trees, 440.

  Brigadier Generals in militia, devotion of, 407.

  Brown, Mr., engages in an unequal contest, 421.

  Browne, Sir T., a pious and wise sentiment of, cited and commended, 394.

  Buckingham, Hon. J. T., editor of the Boston Courier, letters to, 388,
      394, 402, 417
    not afraid, 394.

  Buffalo, a plan hatched there, 448
    plaster, a prophecy in regard to, _ib._

  Buncombe, in the other world supposed, 408.

  Bung, the eternal, thought to be loose, 391.

  Bungtown Fencibles, dinner of, 401.

  Butter in Irish bogs, 440.


            C.

  C., General, commended for parts, 402
    for ubiquity, _ib._
    for consistency, _ib._
    for fidelity, _ib._
    is in favor of war, _ib._
    his curious valuation of principle, _ib._

  Cæsar, tribute to, 424
    his _veni, vidi, vici_, censured for undue prolixity, 432.

  Cainites, sect of, supposed still extant, 393.

  Caleb, a monopoly of his denied, 395
    curious notions of, as to meaning of "shelter," 398
    his definition of Anglo-Saxon, _ib._   charges Mexicans (not with
      bayonets but) with improprieties, _ib._

  Calhoun, Hon. J. C., his cow-bell curfew, light of the nineteenth
      century to be extinguished at sound of, 416
    cannot let go apron-string of the Past, 417
    his unsuccessful tilt at Spirit of the Age, _ib._
    the Sir Kay of modern chivalry, _ib._
    his anchor made of a crooked pin, 417
    mentioned, 417-420.

  Cambridge Platform, use discovered for, 400.

  Canary Islands, 441.

  Candidate, presidential, letter from, 428
    smells a rat, _ib._
    against a bank, 429
    takes a revolving position, _ib._
    opinion of pledges, _ib._
    is a periwig, 430
    fronts south by north, _ib._
    qualifications of, lessening, 432
    wooden leg (and head) useful to, 439.

  Cape Cod clergymen, what, 400
    Sabbath-breakers, perhaps, reproved by, _ib._

  Carpini, Father John de Plano, among the Tartars, 453.

  Cartier, Jacques, commendable zeal of, 453.

  Cass, General, 418
    clearness of his merit, 419
    limited popularity at "Bellers's," 446.

  Castles, Spanish, comfortable accommodations in, 442.

  Cato, letters of, so-called, suspended _naso adunco_, 427.

  C. D., friends of, can hear of him, 427.

  Chalk egg, we are proud of incubation of, 427.

  Chappelow on Job, a copy of, lost, 421.

  Cherubusco, news of, its effects on English royalty, 414.

  Chesterfield, no letter-writer, 427.

  Chief Magistrate, dancing esteemed sinful by, 400.

  Children naturally speak Hebrew, 394.

  China-tree, 441.

  Chinese, whether they invented gunpowder before the Christian era
      _not_ considered, 401.

  Choate, hired, 447.

  Christ shuffled into Apocrypha, 401
    conjectured to disapprove of slaughter and pillage, 403
    condemns a certain piece of barbarism, 421.

  Christianity, profession of, plebeian, whether, 393.

  Christian soldiers, perhaps inconsistent, whether, 407.

  Cicero, an opinion of, disputed, 432.

  Cilley, Ensign, author of nefarious sentiment, 401.

  _Cimex lectularius_, 397.

  Cincinnatus, a stock character in modern comedy, 443.

  Civilization, progress of, an _alias_, 422
    rides upon a powder-cart, 429.

  Clergymen, their ill husbandry, 421
    their place in processions, 443
    some, cruelly banished for the soundness of their lungs, 453.

  Cocked-hat, advantages of being knocked into, 428.

  College of Cardinals, a strange one, 401.

  Colman, Dr. Benjamin, anecdote of, 407.

  Colored folks, curious national diversion of kicking, 398.

  Colquitt, a remark of, 419
    acquainted with some principles of aerostation, _ib._

  Columbia, District of, its peculiar climatic effects, 410
    not certain that Martin is for abolishing it, 448.

  Columbus, a Paul Pry of genius, 427.

  Columby, 445.

  Complete Letter-Writer, fatal gift of, 431.

  Compostella, St. James of, seen, 399.

  Congress, singular consequence of getting into, 410.

  Congressional debates, found instructive, 416.

  Constituents, useful for what, 411.

  Constitution trampled on, 417
    to stand upon, what, 429.

  Convention, what, 410.

  Convention, Springfield, 410.

  Coon, old, pleasure in skinning, 418.

  Coppers, _caste_ in picking up of, 437.

  Copres, a monk, his excellent method of arguing, 416.

  Cornwallis, a, 395
    acknowledged entertaining, _ib._, _note_.

  Cotton Mather, summoned as witness, 400.

  Country lawyers, sent providentially, 404.

  Country, our, its boundaries more exactly defined, 404
    right or wrong, nonsense about exposed, _ib._

  Courier, The Boston, an unsafe print, 415.

  Court, General, farmers sometimes attain seats in, 444.

  Cowper, W., his letters commended, 427.

  Creed, a safe kind of, 439.

  Crusade, first American, 400.

  Cuneiform script recommended, 432.

  Curiosity distinguishes man from brutes, 426.


            D.

  Davis, Mr., of Mississippi, a remark of his, 418.

  Day and Martin, proverbially "on hand," 388.

  Death, rings down curtain, 426.

  Delphi, oracle of, surpassed, 414, _note_
    alluded to, 431.

  Destiny, her account, 413.

  Devil, the, unskilled in certain Indian tongues, 400
    letters to and from, 428.

  Dey of Tripoli, 416.

  Didymus, a somewhat voluminous grammarian, 431.

  Dighton rock character might be usefully employed in some
      emergencies, 432.

  Dimitry Bruisgins, fresh supply of, 426.

  Diogenes, his zeal for propagating certain variety of olive, 441.

  Dioscuri, imps of the pit, 400.

  District-Attorney, contemptible conduct of one, 416.

  Ditchwater on brain, a too common ailing, 416.

  Doctor, the, a proverbial saying of, 399.

  Doughface, yeast-proof, 424.

  Drayton, a martyr, 416
    north star, culpable for aiding, whether, 420.

  D. Y., letter of, 427.


            E.

  Earth, Dame, a peep at her housekeeping, 417.

  Eating words, habit of, convenient in time of famine, 413.

  Eavesdroppers, 427.

  Echetlæus, 400.

  Editor, his position, 421
    commanding pulpit of, 422
    large congregation of, _ib._
    name derived from what, _ib._
    fondness for mutton, _ib._
    a pious one, his creed, _ib._
    a showman, 425
    in danger of sudden arrest, without bail, 426.

  Editors, certain ones who crow like cockerels, 391.

  Egyptian darkness, phial of, use for, 432.

  Eldorado, Mr. Sawin sets sail for, 440.

  Elizabeth, Queen, mistake of her ambassador, 408.

  Empedocles, 427.

  Employment, regular, a good thing, 436.

  Epaulets, perhaps no badge of saintship, 403.

  Episcopius, his marvellous oratory, 453.

  Eric, king of Sweden, his cap, 441.

  Evangelists, iron ones, 400.

  Eyelids, a divine shield against authors, 416.

  Ezekiel, text taken from, 421.


            F.

  Factory-girls, expected rebellion of, 419.

  Family-trees, fruit of jejune, 441.

  Faneuil Hall, a place where persons tap themselves for a species of
      hydrocephalus, 416
    a bill of fare mendaciously advertised in, 440.

  Father of country, his shoes, 444.

  Female Papists, cut off in midst of idolatry, 442.

  Fire, we all like to play with it, 417.

  Fish, emblematic, but disregarded, where, 416.

  Flam, President, untrustworthy, 411.

  Fly-leaves, providential increase of, 416.

  Foote, Mr., his taste for field-sports, 418.

  Fourier, a squinting toward, 415.

  Fourth of Julys, boiling, 409.

  France, a strange dance begun in, 419.

  Fuller, Dr. Thomas, a wise saying of, 402.

  Funnel, Old, hurraing in, 396.


            G.

  Gawain, Sir, his amusements, 417.

  Gay, S. H., Esquire, editor of National Antislavery Standard, letter
      to, 426.

  Getting up early, 390, 398.

  Ghosts, some, presumed fidgetty (but see Stilling's Pneumatology), 427.

  Giants formerly stupid, 417.

  Gift of tongues, distressing case of, 415.

  Globe Theatre, cheap season ticket to, 426.

  Glory, a perquisite of officers, 437
    her account with B. Sawin, Esq., 440.

  Goatsnose, the celebrated, interview with, 432.

  Gomara, has a vision, 399
    his relationship to the Scarlet Woman, _ib._

  Gray's letters _are_ letters, 427.

  Great horn spoon, sworn by, 418.

  Greeks, ancient, whether they questioned candidates, 432.

  Green Man, sign of, 406.


            H.

  Ham, sandwich, an orthodox (but peculiar) one, 420.

  Hamlets, machine for making, 433.

  Hammon, 414, _note_, 431.

  Hannegan, Mr., something said by, 419.

  Harrison, General, how preserved, 431.

  Hat-trees, in full bearing, 441.

  Hawkins, Sir John, stout, something he saw, 440.

  Henry the Fourth of England, a Parliament of, how named, 408.

  Hercules, his second labor probably what, 454.

  Herodotus, story from, 394.

  Hesperides, an inference from, 441.

  Holden, Mr. Shearjashub, Preceptor of Jaalam Academy, 431
    his knowledge of Greek limited, _ib._
    a heresy of his, _ib._
    leaves a fund to propagate it, 432.

  Hollis, Ezra, goes to a Cornwallis, 395.

  Hollow, why men providentially so constructed, 409.

  Homer, a phrase of, cited, 422.

  Horners, democratic ones, plums left for, 411.

  Howell, James, Esq., story told by, 408
    letters of, commended, 427.

  Human rights out of order on the floor of Congress, 418.

  Humbug, ascription of praise to, 425
    generally believed in, _ib._

  Husbandry, instance of bad, 402.


            I.

  Icarius, Penelope's father, 404.

  Infants, prattlings of, curious observation concerning, 393.

  Information wanted (universally, but especially at page) 427.


            J.

  Jaalam Centre, Anglo-Saxons unjustly suspected by the young ladies
      there, 399
   "Independent Blunderbuss," strange conduct of editor of, 421
    public meeting at, 428
    meeting-house ornamented with imaginary clock, 441.

  Jaalam Point, light-house on, charge of prospectively offered to
      Mr. H. Biglow, 430.

  Jakes, Captain, 450
    reproved for avarice, _ib._

  James the Fourth of Scots, experiment by, 394.

  Jarnegin, Mr., his opinion of the completeness of Northern
      education, 419.

  Jerome, Saint, his list of sacred writers, 427.

  Job, Book of, 393
    Chappelow on, 421.

  Johnson, Mr., communicates some intelligence, 419.

  Jonah, the inevitable destiny of, 420
    probably studied internal economy of the cetacea, 427.

  Jortin, Dr., cited, 407, 414, _note_.

  Judea, everything not known there, 404.

  Juvenal, a saying of, 413, _note_.


            K.

  Kay, Sir, the, of modern chivalry who, 417.

  Key, brazen one, 416.

  Keziah, Aunt, profound observation of, 389.

  Kinderhook, 443.

  Kingdom Come, march to, easy, 434.

  Königsmark, Count, 393.


            L.

  Lacedæmonians, banish a great talker, 416.

  Lamb, Charles, his epistolary excellence, 427.

  Latimer, Bishop, episcopizes Satan, 393.

  Latin tongue, curious information concerning, 405.

  Launcelot, Sir, a trusser of giants formerly, perhaps would find less
      sport therein now, 417.

  Letters classed, 427
    their shape, 428
    of candidates, 431
    often fatal, _ib._

  Lewis, Philip, a scourger of young native Americans, 414
    commiserated (though not deserving it), _ib._, _note_.

  Liberator, a newspaper, condemned by implication, 406.

  Liberty, unwholesome for men of certain complexions, 422.

  Lignum vitæ, a gift of this valuable wood proposed, 399.

  Longinus recommends swearing, 394, _note_ (Fuseli did same thing).

  Long sweetening recommended, 435.

  Lost arts, one sorrowfully added to list of, 453.

  Louis the Eleventh of France, some odd trees of his, 441.

  Lowell, Mr. J. R., unaccountable silence of, 405.

  Luther, Martin, his first appearance as Europa, 399.

  Lyttelton, Lord, his letters an imposition, 427.


            M.

  Macrobii, their diplomacy, 432.

  Mahomet, got nearer Sinai than some, 422.

  Mahound, his filthy gobbets, 400.

  Mangum, Mr., speaks to the point, 418.

  Manichæan, excellently confuted, 416.

  Man-trees, grew where, 441.

  Mares'-nests, finders of, benevolent, 427.

  Marshfield, 443, 447.

  Martin, Mr. Sawin used to vote for him, 448.

  Mason and Dixon's line, slaves north of, 418.

  Mass, the, its duty defined, 418.

  Massachusetts on her knees, 392
    something mentioned in connection with, worthy the attention of
      tailors, 410
    citizen of, baked, boiled, and roasted (_nefandum!_), 438.

  Masses, the, used as butter by some, 411.

  M. C., an invertebrate animal, 413.

  Mechanics' Fair, reflections suggested at, 433.

  Mentor, letters of, dreary, 427.

  Mephistopheles at a nonplus, 420.

  Mexican blood, its effect in raising price of cloth, 442.

  Mexican polka, 400.

  Mexicans charged with various breaches of etiquette, 398
    kind feelings beaten into them, 425.

  Mexico, no glory in overcoming, 410.

  Military glory spoken disrespectfully of, 396, _note_
    militia treated still worse, _ib._

  Milk-trees, growing still, 440.

  Mills for manufacturing gabble, how driven, 415.

  Milton, an unconscious plagiary, 409, _note_
    a Latin verse of, cited, 422.

  Missions, a profitable kind of, 423.

  Monarch, a pagan, probably not favored in philosophical
      experiments, 394.

  Money-trees desirable, 441
    that they once existed shown to be variously probable, _ib._

  Montaigne, a communicative old Gascon, 427.

  Monterey, battle of, its singular chromatic effect on a species of
      two-headed eagle, 414.

  Moses held up vainly as an example, 422
    construed by Joe Smith, _ib._

  Myths, how to interpret readily, 432.


            N.

  Naboths, Popish ones, how distinguished, 401.

  Nation, rights of, proportionate to size, 398.

  National pudding, its effect on the organs of speech, a curious
      physiological fact, 401.

  Nephelim, not yet extinct, 453.

  New England overpoweringly honored, 412
    wants no more speakers, _ib._
    done brown by whom, _ib._
    her experience in beans beyond Cicero's, 432.

  Newspaper, the, wonderful, 425
    a strolling theatre, _ib._
    thoughts suggested by tearing wrapper of, 426
    a vacant sheet, _ib._
    a sheet in which a vision was let down, _ib._
    wrapper to a bar of soap, _ib._
    a cheap impromptu platter, _ib._

  New York, letters from, commended, 427.

  Next life, what, 421.

  Niggers, 390
    area of abusing, extended, 410
    Mr. Sawin's opinions of, 449.

  Ninepence a day low for murder, 395.

  No, a monosyllable, 401
    hard to utter, _ib._

  Noah, enclosed letter in bottle, probably, 427.

  Nornas, Lapland, what, 441.

  North, has no business, 419
    bristling, crowded off roost, 430.

  North Bend, geese inhumanly treated at, 431
    mentioned, 443.

  North star, a proposition to indict, 420.


            O.

  Off ox, 429.

  Officers, miraculous transformation in character of, 399
    Anglo-Saxon, come very near being anathematized, _ib._

  O'Phace, Increase D., Esq., speech of, 408.

  Oracle of Fools, still respectfully consulted, 408.

  Orion, becomes commonplace, 426.

  Orrery, Lord, his letters (lord!), 427.

  Ostracism, curious species of, 408.


            P.

  Palestine, 399.

  Palfrey, Hon. J. G., 408, 412, 413 (a worthy representative of
    Massachusetts).

  Pantagruel recommends a popular oracle, 408.

  Panurge, his interview with Goatsnose, 432.

  Papists, female, slain by zealous Protestant bomb-shell, 442.

  Paralipomenon, a man suspected of being, 431.

  Paris, liberal principles safe as far away as, 422.

  _Parliamentum Indoctorum_ sitting in permanence, 408.

  Past, the, a good nurse, 417.

  Patience, sister, quoted, 396.

  Paynims, their throats propagandistically cut, 400.

  Penelope, her wise choice, 404.

  People, soft enough, 423
    want correct ideas, 439.

  Pepin, King, 428.

  Periwig, 430.

  Persius, a pithy saying of, 411, _note_.

  Pescara, Marquis, saying of, 393.

  Peter, Saint, a letter of (_post-mortem_), 428.

  Pharisees, opprobriously referred to, 422.

  Philippe, Louis, in pea-jacket, 425.

  Phlegyas, quoted, 421.

  Phrygian language, whether Adam spoke it, 394.

  Pilgrims, the, 410.

  Pillows, constitutional, 413.

  Pinto, Mr., some letters of his commended, 428.

  Pisgah, an impromptu one, 441.

  Platform, party, a convenient one, 439.

  Plato, supped with, 427
    his man, 431.

  Pleiades, the, not enough esteemed, 426.

  Pliny, his letters not admired, 427.

  Plotinus, a story of, 417.

  Plymouth Rock, Old, a Convention wrecked on, 410.

  Point Tribulation, Mr. Sawin wrecked on, 440.

  Poles, exile, whether crop of beans depends on, 397, _note_.

  Polk, President, synonymous with our country, 403
    censured, 410
    in danger of being crushed, 411.

  Polka, Mexican, 400.

  Pomp, a runaway slave, his nest, 450
    hypocritically groans like white man, _ib._
    blind to Christian privileges, _ib._
    his society valued at fifty dollars, _ib._
    his treachery, 451
    takes Mr. Sawin prisoner, 452
    cruelly makes him work, _ib._
    puts himself illegally under his tuition, _ib._
    dismisses him with contumelious epithets, _ib._

  Pontifical bull, a tamed one, 399.

  Pope, his verse excellent, 393.

  Pork, refractory in boiling, 399.

  Portugal, Alphonso the Sixth of, a monster, 453.

  Post, Boston, 174  shaken visibly, 405
    bad guide-post, _ib._
    too swift, _ib._
    edited by a colonel, _ib._
    who is presumed officially in Mexico, _ib._
    referred to, 415.

  Pot-hooks, death in, 432.

  Preacher, an ornamental symbol, 421
    a breeder of dogmas, _ib._
    earnestness of, important, 453.

  Present, considered as an annalist, 422
    not long wonderful, 426.

  President, slaveholding natural to, 424
    must be a Southern resident, 439
    must own a nigger, _ib._

  Principle, exposure spoils it, 409.

  Principles, bad, when less harmful, 401.

  Prophecy, a notable one, 414.

  Proviso, bitterly spoken of, 429.

  Prudence, sister, her idiosyncratic teapot, 436.

  Psammeticus, an experiment of, 394.

  Public opinion, a blind and drunken guide, 401
    nudges Mr. Wilbur's elbow, _ib._
    ticklers of, 411.

  Pythagoras a bean-hater, why, 432.

  Pythagoreans, fish reverenced by, why, 416.


            Q.

  Quixote, Don, 417.


            R.

  Rag, one of sacred college, 401.

  Rantoul, Mr., talks loudly, 396
    pious reason for not enlisting, _ib._

  Recruiting sergeant, Devil supposed the first, 393.

  Representatives' Chamber, 416.

  Rhinothism, society for promoting, 427.

  Rhyme, whether natural _not_ considered, 393.

  Rib,  an infrangible one, 435.

  Richard the First of England, his Christian fervor, 399.

  Riches conjectured to have legs as well as wings, 420.

  Robinson, Mr. John P., his opinions fully stated, 402-404.

  Rocks, pocket full of, 436.

  Rough and Ready, 446  a wig, 447  a kind of scratch, _ib._

  Russian eagle turns Prussian blue, 414.


            S.

  Sabbath, breach of, 400.

  Sabellianism, one accused of, 431.

  Saltillo, unfavorable view of, 396.

  Salt-river, in Mexican, what, 396.

  Samuel, Uncle, riotous, 414
    yet has qualities demanding reverence, 423
    a good provider for his family, _ib._
    an exorbitant bill of, 442.

  Sansculottes, draw their wine before drinking, 419.

  Santa Anna, his expensive leg, 438.

  Satan, never wants attorneys, 400
    an expert talker by signs, _ib._
    a successful fisherman with little or no bait, _ib._
    cunning fetch of, 402
    dislikes ridicule, 405
    ought not to have credit of ancient oracles, 414, _note_.

  Satirist, incident to certain dangers, 401.

  Savages, Canadian, chance of redemption offered to, 453.

  Sawin, B., Esquire, his letter not written in verse, 393
    a native of Jaalam, 394
    not regular attendant on Rev. Mr. Wilbur's preaching, _ib._
    a fool, _ib._
    his statements trustworthy, _ib._
    his ornithological tastes, _ib._
    letter from, _ib._, 433, 443
    his curious discovery in regard to bayonets, 395, 396
    displays proper family pride, 395
    modestly confesses himself less wise than the Queen of Sheba, 398
    the old Adam in, peeps out, 399
    a _miles emeritus_, 433
    is made text for a sermon, _ib._
    loses a leg, 434
    an eye, _ib._
    left hand, _ib._
    four fingers of right hand, _ib._
    has six or more ribs broken, _ib._
    a rib. of his infrangible, _ib._
    allows a certain amount of preterite greenness in himself, 435, 436
    his share of spoil limited, 436
    his opinion of Mexican climate, _ib._
    acquires property of a certain sort, _ib._
    his experience of glory, 437
    stands sentry, and puns thereupon, 438
    undergoes martyrdom in some of its most painful forms, _ib._
    enters the candidating business, _ib._
    modestly states the (avail) abilities which qualify him for high
      political station, 438-440
    has no principles, 438
    a peace man, _ib._
    unpledged, _ib._
    has no objections to owning _peculiar_ property, but would not like
      to monopolize the truth, 439
    his account with glory, 440
    a selfish motive hinted in, _ib._
    sails for Eldorado, _ib._
    shipwrecked on a metaphorical promontory, _ib._
    parallel between, and Rev. Mr. Wilbur (not Plutarchian), 442
    conjectured to have bathed in river Selemnus, 443
    loves plough wisely, but not too well, _ib._
    a foreign mission probably expected by, 444
    unanimously nominated for presidency, _ib._
    his country's father-in-law, _ib._
    nobly emulates Cincinnatus, 445
    is not a crooked stick, _ib._
    advises his adherents, _ib._
    views of, on present state of politics, 445-449
    popular enthusiasm for, at Bellers's, and its disagreeable
      consequences, 446
    inhuman treatment of, by Bellers, _ib._
    his opinion of the two parties, 447
    agrees with Mr. Webster, 448
    his antislavery zeal, _ib._
    his proper self-respect, _ib._
    his unaffected piety, _ib._
    his not intemperate temperance, 449
    a thrilling adventure of, 449-452
    his prudence and economy, 450
    bound to Captain Jakes, but regains his freedom, _ib._
    is taken prisoner, 451, 452
    ignominiously treated, 452
    his consequent resolution, _ib._

  Sayres, a martyr, 416.

  Scaliger, saying of, 402.

  _Scarabæus pilularius_, 397.

  Scott, General, his claims to the presidency, 405, 407.

  Scythians, their diplomacy commended, 432.

  Seamen, colored, sold, 392.

  Selemnus, a sort of Lethean river, 443.

  Senate, debate in, made readable, 416.

  Seneca, saying of, 401
    another, 414, _note_
    overrated by a saint (but see Lord Bolingbroke's opinion of, in a
      letter to Dean Swift), 427
    his letters not commended, _ib._
    a son of Rev. Mr. Wilbur, 442.

  Serbonian bog of literature, 416.

  Sextons, demand for, 396  heroic official devotion of one, 453.

  Shaking fever, considered as an employer, 436.

  Shakspeare, a good reporter, 408.

  Sham, President, honest, 411.

  Sheba, Queen of, 398.

  Sheep, none of Rev. Mr. Wilbur's turned wolves, 394.

  Shem, Scriptural curse of, 452.

  Show, natural to love it, 396, _note_.

  Silver spoon born in Democracy's mouth, what, 411.

  Sinai, suffers outrages, 422.

  Sin, wilderness of, modern, what, 422.

  Skin, hole in, strange taste of some for, 437.

  Slaughter, whether God strengthen us for, 400.

  Slaughterers and soldiers compared, 443.

  Slaughtering nowadays is slaughtering, 443.

  Slavery, of no color, 391
    cornerstone of liberty, 415
    also keystone, 418
    last crumb of Eden, 420
    a Jonah, _ib._  an institution, 431
    a private State concern, 450.

  Smith, Joe, used as a translation, 422.

  Smith, John, an interesting character, 426.

  Smith, Mr., fears entertained for, 421
    dined with, 427.

  Smith, N. B., his magnanimity, 425.

  Soandso, Mr., the great, defines his position, 425.

  Sol the fisherman, 397
    soundness of respiratory organs hypothetically attributed to, _ib._

  Solon, a saying of, 401.

  South Carolina, futile attempt to anchor, 417.

  Spanish, to walk, what, 398.

  Speech-making, an abuse of gift of speech, 415.

  Star, north, subject to indictment, whether, 420.

  Store, cheap cash, a wicked fraud, 441.

  Strong, Governor Caleb, a patriot, 404.

  Swearing commended as a figure of speech, 394, _note_.

  Swift, Dean, threadbare saying of, 405.


            T.

  Tag, elevated to the Cardinalate, 401.

  Taxes, direct, advantages of, 442.

  Taylor zeal, its origin, 446
    General, greased by Mr. Choate, 448.

  Tesephone, banished for long-windedness, 416.

  Thanks, get lodged, 437.

  Thaumaturgus, St. Gregory, letter of, to the Devil, 428.

  Thirty-nine articles might be made serviceable, 400.

  Thor, a foolish attempt of, 417.

  Thumb, General Thomas, a valuable member of society, 413.

  Thunder, supposed in easy circumstances, 435.

  Thynne, Mr., murdered, 393.

  Time, an innocent personage to swear by, 394
    a scene-shifter 426.

  Toms, Peeping, 426.

  Trees, various kinds of extraordinary ones, 440, 441.

  Trowbridge, William, mariner, adventure of, 400.

  Truth and falsehood start from same point, 402
    truth invulnerable to satire, _ib._
    compared to a river, 408
    of fiction sometimes truer than fact, _ib._
    told plainly, _passim_.

  Tuileries, exciting scene at, 414.

  Tully, a saying of, 409, _note_.

  Tweedledee, gospel according to, 422.

  Tweedledum, great principles of, 422.


            U.

  Ulysses, husband of Penelope, 404  borrows money, 441.
    (For full particulars of, see Homer and Dante.)

  University, triennial catalogue of, 406.


            V.

  Van Buren fails of gaining Mr. Sawin's confidence, 448
    his son John reproved, _ib._

  Van, Old, plan to set up, 449.

  Venetians, invented something once, 441.

  Vices, cardinal, sacred conclave of, 401.

  Victoria, Queen, her natural terror, 414.

  Virgin, the, letter of, to Magistrates of Messina, 428.

  Vratz, Captain, a Pomeranian, singular views of, 393.


            W.

  Walpole, Horace, classed, 427
    his letters praised, _ib._

  Waltham Plain, Cornwallis at, 395.

  Walton, punctilious in his intercourse with fishes, 400.

  War, abstract, horrid, 429
    its hoppers, grist of, what, 437.

  Warton, Thomas, a story of, 407.

  Washington, charge brought against, 445.

  Washington, city of, climatic influence of, on coats, 410
    mentioned, 416
    grand jury of, 420.

  Washingtons, two hatched at a time by improved machine, 444.

  Water, Taunton, proverbially weak, 449.

  Water-trees, 440.

  Webster, some sentiments of, commended by Mr. Sawin, 447, 448.

  Westcott, Mr., his horror, 420.

  Whig party, has a large throat, 406
    but query as to swallowing spurs, 448.

  White-house, 430.

  Wife-trees, 441.

  Wilbur, Rev. Homer, A. M., consulted, 388
    his instructions to his flock, 394
    a proposition of his for Protestant bomb-shells, 400
    his elbow nudged, 401
    his notions of satire, _ib._
    some opinions of his quoted with apparent approval by Mr. Biglow, 403
    geographical speculations of, 404
    a justice of the peace, _ib._
    a letter of, _ib._
    a Latin pun of, 405
    runs against a post without injury, _ib._
    does not seek notoriety (whatever some malignants may affirm), 406
    fits youths for college, _ib._
    a chaplain during late war with England, 407
    a shrewd observation of, 408
    some curious speculations of, 415-416
    his martillo-tower, 415
    forgets he is not in pulpit, 420, 433
    extracts from sermon of, 421, 425
    interested in John Smith, 426
    his iews concerning present state of letters, 426-428
    a stratagem of, 431
    ventures two hundred and fourth interpretation of Beast in
      Apocalypse, 431
    christens Hon. B. Sawin, then an infant, 433
    an addition to our _sylva_ proposed by, 441
    curious and instructive adventure of, 441-442
    his account with an unnatural uncle, 442
    his uncomfortable imagination, 443
    speculations concerning Cincinnatus, _ib._
    confesses digressive tendency of mind, 453
    goes to work on sermon (not without fear that his readers will dub
      him with a reproachful epithet like that with which Isaac Allerton,
      a Mayflower man, revenges himself on a delinquent debtor of his,
      calling him in his will, and thus holding him up to posterity, as
      "John Peterson, |The Bore|"), 454.

  Wilbur, Mrs., an invariable rule of, 406
    her profile, 407.

  Wildbore, a vernacular one, how to escape, 415.

  Wind, the, a good Samaritan, 433.

  Wooden leg, remarkable for sobriety, 434
    never eats pudding, 435.

  Wright, Colonel, providentially rescued, 397.

  Wrong, abstract, safe to oppose, 411.


       Z.

  Zack, Old, 446.




    THE UNHAPPY LOT OF MR. KNOTT.

              1850.




    THE UNHAPPY LOT OF MR. KNOTT.


              PART I.

  SHOWING HOW HE BUILT HIS HOUSE AND HIS WIFE
           MOVED INTO IT.


  My worthy friend, A. Gordon Knott,
    From business snug withdrawn,
  Was much contented with a lot
  That would contain a Tudor cot
  'Twixt twelve feet square of garden-plot,
    And twelve feet more of lawn.

  He had laid business on the shelf
    To give his taste expansion,
  And, since no man, retired with pelf.
    The building mania can shun,
  Knott, being middle-aged himself,
  Resolved to build (unhappy elf!)
    A mediæval mansion.

  He called an architect in counsel;
   "I want," said he, "a--you know what
    (You are a builder, I am Knott,)
    A thing complete from chimney-pot
  Down to the very grounsel;
    Here's a half-acre of good land;
    Just have it nicely mapped and planned
  And make your workmen drive on;
    Meadow there is, and upland too,
    And I should like a water-view,
  D' you think you could contrive one?
    (Perhaps the pump and trough would do.
    If painted a judicious blue?)
    The woodland I've attended to;"
    (He meant three pines stuck up askew,
  Two dead ones and a live one.)

   "A pocket-full of rocks 't would take
  To build a house of free-stone,
    But then it is not hard to make
  What now-a-days is _the_ stone;
    The cunning painter in a trice
    Your house's outside petrifies,
    And people think it very gneiss
  Without inquiring deeper;
    _My_ money never shall be thrown
    Away on such a deal of stone,
  When stone of deal is cheaper."

  And so the greenest of antiques
    Was reared for Knott to dwell in;
  The architect worked hard for weeks
  In venting all his private peaks
  Upon the roof, whose crop of leaks
    Had satisfied Fluellen;
  Whatever any body had
  Out of the common, good or bad,
    Knott had it all worked well in,
  A donjon-keep, where clothes might dry,
  A porter's lodge that was a sty,
  A campanile slim and high,
    Too small to hang a bell in;
  All up and down and here and there,
  With Lord-knows-whats of round and square
  Stuck on at random every where,--
  It was a house to make one stare,
    All corners and all gables;
  Like dogs let loose upon a bear,
  Ten emulous styles _staboyed_ with care,
  The whole among them seemed to tear,
  And all the oddities to spare
    Were set upon the stables.

  Knott was delighted with a pile
    Approved by fashion's leaders;
  (Only he made the builder smile,
  By asking, every little while,
  Why that was called the Twodoor style,
    Which certainly had _three_ doors?)
  Yet better for this luckless man
  If he had put a downright ban
    Upon the thing _in limine_;
  For, though to quit affairs his plan,
  Ere many days, poor Knott began
  Perforce, accepting draughts that ran
    All ways--except up chimney;
  The house, though painted stone to mock,
  With nice white lines round every block,
    Some trepidation stood in,
  When tempests (with petrific shock,
  So to speak,) made it really rock,
    Though not a whit less wooden;
  And painted stone, howe'er well done,
  Will not take in the prodigal sun
  Whose beams are never quite at one
    With our terrestrial lumber;
  So the wood shrank around the knots,
  And gaped in disconcerting spots,
  And there were lots of dots and rots
    And crannies without number,
  Wherethrough, as you may well presume,
  The wind, like water through a flume,
    Came rushing in ecstatic,
  Leaving, in all three floors, no room
    That was not a rheumatic;
  And, what with points and squares and rounds
    Grown shaky on their poises,
  The house at night was full of pounds,
  Thumps, bumps, creaks, scratchings, raps--till--"Zounds!"
  Cried Knott, "this goes beyond all bounds,
  I do not deal in tongues and sounds,
  Nor have I let my house and grounds
    To a family of Noyeses!"

  But, though Knott's house was full of airs,
    _He_ had but one--a daughter;
  And, as he owned much stocks and shares,
  Many who wished to render theirs
  Such vain, unsatisfying cares,
  And needed wives to sew their tears,
    In matrimony sought her;
  They vowed her gold they wanted not,
    Their faith would never falter,
  They longed to tie this single Knott
    In the Hymenæal halter;
  So daily at the door they rang,
    Cards for the belle delivering,
  Or in the choir at her they sang,
  Achieving such a rapturous twang
    As set her nerves a-shivering.

  Now Knott had quite made up his mind
    That Colonel Jones should have her;
  No beauty he, but oft we find
  Sweet kernels 'neath a roughish rind,
  So hoped his Jenny'd be resigned
    And make no more palaver;
  Glanced at the fact that love was blind,
  That girls were ratherish inclined
    To pet their little crosses,
  Then nosologically defined
  The rate at which the system pined
  In those unfortunates who dined
  Upon that metaphoric kind
    Of dish--their own proboscis.

  But she, with many tears and moans,
    Besought him not to mock her,
  Said 'twas too much for flesh and bones
  To marry mortgages and loans,
  That fathers' hearts were stocks and stones
  And that she'd go, when Mrs. Jones,
    To Davy Jones's locker;
  Then gave her head a little toss
  That said as plain as ever was,
  If men are always at a loss
    Mere womankind to bridle--
  To try the thing on woman cross,
    Were fifty times as idle;
  For she a strict resolve had made
    And registered in private,
  That either she would die a maid,
  Or else be Mrs. Doctor Slade,
    If woman could contrive it;
  And, though the wedding-day was set,
    Jenny was more so, rather,
  Declaring, in a pretty pet,
  That, howsoe'er they spread their net,
  She would out-Jennyral them yet,
    The colonel and her father.

  Just at this time the Public's eyes
    Were keenly on the watch, a stir
  Beginning slowly to arise
  About those questions and replies,
  Those raps that unwrapped mysteries
    So rapidly at Rochester,
  And Knott, already nervous grown
  By lying much awake alone,
  And listening, sometimes to a moan,
    And sometimes to a clatter,
  Whene'er the wind at night would rouse
  The gingerbread-work on his house,
  Or when some hasty-tempered mouse,
  Behind the plastering, made a towse
    About a family matter,
  Began to wonder if his wife,
  A paralytic half her life,
    Which made it more surprising,
  Might not to rule him from her urn,
  Have taken a peripatetic turn
    For want of exorcising.

  This thought, once nestled in his head,
  Ere long contagious grew, and spread
  Infecting all his mind with dread,
  Until at last he lay in bed
  And heard his wife, with well-known tread,
  Entering the kitchen through the shed,
    (Or was't his fancy, mocking?)
  Opening the pantry, cutting bread,
  And then (she'd been some ten years dead)
    Closets and drawers unlocking;
  Or, in his room (his breath grew thick)
  He heard the long-familiar click
  Of slender needles flying quick,
    As if she knit a stocking;
  For whom?--he prayed that years might flit
    With pains rheumatic shooting,
  Before those ghostly things she knit
  Upon his unfleshed sole might fit,
  He did not fancy it a bit,
    To stand upon that footing;
  At other times, his frightened hairs
    Above the bedclothes trusting,
  He heard her, full of household cares,
  (No dream entrapped in supper's snares,
  The foal of horrible nightmares,
  But broad awake, as he declares,)
  Go bustling up and down the stairs,
  Or setting back last evening's chairs,
    Or with the poker thrusting
  The raked-up sea-coal's hardened crust--
  And--what! impossible! it must!
  He knew she had returned to dust,
  And yet could scarce his senses trust,
  Hearing her as she poked and fussed
    About the parlor, dusting!

  Night after night he strove to sleep
    And take his ease in spite of it;
  But still his flesh would chill and creep,
  And, though two night-lamps he might keep,
    He could not so make light of it.
  At last, quite desperate, he goes
  And tells his neighbors all his woes,
    Which did but their amount enhance;
  They made such mockery of his fears
  That soon his days were of all jeers,
    His nights of the rueful countenance;
  "I thought most folks," one neighbor said,
  "Gave up the ghost when they were dead,"
  Another gravely shook his head,
    Adding, "from all we hear, it's
  Quite plain poor Knott is going mad--
  For how can he at once be sad
    And think he's full of spirits?"
  A third declared he knew a knife
    Would cut this Knott much quicker,
  "The surest way to end all strife,
  And lay the spirit of a wife,
    Is just to take and lick her!"
  A temperance man caught up the word,
  "Ah, yes," he groaned, "I've always heard
    Our poor friend somewhat slanted
  Tow'rd taking liquor over-much;
  I fear these spirits may be Dutch,
  (A sort of gins, or something such,)
    With which his house is haunted;
  I see the thing as clear as light--
  If Knott would give up getting tight,
    Naught farther would be wanted:"
  So all his neighbors stood aloof
  And, that the spirits 'neath his roof
  Were not entirely up to proof,
    Unanimously granted.

  Knott knew that cocks and sprites were foes,
  And so bought up, Heaven only knows
  How many, though he wanted crows
  To give ghosts caws, as I suppose,
    To think that day was breaking;
  Moreover what he called his park,
  He turned into a kind of ark
  For dogs, because a little bark
  Is a good tonic in the dark,
    If one is given to waking;
  But things went on from bad to worse,
  His curs were nothing but a curse,
    And, what was still more shocking,
  Foul ghosts of living fowl made scoff
  And would not think of going off
    In spite of all his cocking.

  Shanghais, Bucks-counties, Dominiques,
  Malays (that didn't lay for weeks).
    Polanders, Bantams, Dorkings,
  (Waiving the cost, no trifling ill,
  Since each brought in his little bill,)
  By day or night were never still,
  But every thought of rest would kill
    With cacklings and with quorkings;
  Henry the Eighth of wives got free
    By a way he had of axing;
  But poor Knott's Tudor henery
  Was not so fortunate, and he
    Still found his trouble waxing;
  As for the dogs, the rows they made,
  And how they howled, snarled, barked and bayed,
    Beyond all human knowledge is;
  All night, as wide awake as gnats,
  The terriers rumpused after rats,
  Or, just for practice, taught their brats
  To worry cast-off shoes and hats,
  The bull-dogs settled private spats,
  All chased imaginary cats,
  Or raved behind the fence's slats
  At real ones, or, from their mats,
  With friends, miles off, held pleasant chats,
  Or, like some folks in white cravats,
  Contemptuous of sharps and flats,
    Sat up and sang dogsologies.
  Meanwhile the cats set up a squall,
  And, safe upon the garden-wall,
    All night kept cat-a-walling;
  As if the feline race were all,
  In one wild cataleptic sprawl,
    Into love's tortures falling.


                 PART II.

  SHOWING WHAT IS MEANT BY A FLOW OF SPIRITS.

  At first the ghosts were somewhat shy,
  Coming when none but Knott was nigh,
  And people said 'twas all their eye,
  (Or rather his) a flam, the sly
    Digestion's machination;
  Some recommended a wet sheet,
  Some a nice broth of pounded peat,
  Some a cold flat-iron to the feet,
  Some a decoction of lamb's-bleat,
  Some a southwesterly grain of wheat;
  Meat was by some pronounced unmeet,
  Others thought fish most indiscreet,
  And that 'twas worse than all to eat
  Of vegetables, sour or sweet,
  (Except, perhaps, the skin of beat,)
    In such a concatenation:
  One quack his button gently plucks
  And murmurs "biliary ducks!"
    Says Knott, "I never ate one;"
  But all, though brimming full of wrath,
  Homœo, Allo, Hydropath,
  Concurred in this--that t' other's path
    To death's door was the straight one
  Still, spite of medical advice,
  The ghosts came thicker, and a spice
    Of mischief grew apparent;
  Nor did they only come at night,
  But seemed to fancy broad daylight,
  Till Knott, in horror and affright,
    His unoffending hair rent;
  Whene'er with handkerchief on lap,
  He made his elbow-chair a trap,
  To catch an after-dinner nap,
  The spirits, always on the tap,
  Would, make a sudden _rap, rap, rap_,
  The half-spun cord of sleep to snap,
  (And what is life without its nap
  But threadbareness and mere mishap?)
  As 't were with a percussion cap
    The trouble's climax capping;
  It seemed a party dried and grim
  Of mummies had come to visit him,
  Each getting off from every limb
    Its multitudinous wrapping;
  Scratchings sometimes the walls ran round,
  The merest penny-weights of sound;
  Sometimes 'twas only by the pound
    They carried on their dealing,
  A thumping 'neath the parlor floor,
  Thump-bump-thump-bumping o'er and o'er,
  As if the vegetables in store,
  (Quiet and orderly before,)
    Were all together pealing;
  You would have thought the thing was done
  By the spirit of some son of a gun,
    And that a forty-two pounder,
  Or that the ghost which made such sounds
  Could be none other than John Pounds,
    Of Ragged Schools the founder.

  Through three gradations of affright,
  The awful noises reached their height;
    At first they knocked nocturnally,
  Then, for some reason, changing quite,
  (As mourners, after six months' flight,
  Turn suddenly from dark to light,)
    Began to knock diurnally,
  And last, combining all their stocks,
  (Scotland was ne'er so full of Knox,)
  Into one Chaos (father of Nox,)
  _Nocte pluit_--they showered knocks,
    And knocked, knocked, knocked eternally
  Ever upon the go, like buoys,
  (Wooden sea-urchins,) all Knott's joys,
  They turned to troubles and a noise
    That preyed on him internally.

  Soon they grew wider in their scope;
  Whenever Knott a door would ope,
  It would ope not, or else elope
  And fly back (curbless as a trope
  Once started down a stanza's slope
  By a bard that gave it too much rope--)
    Like a clap of thunder slamming;
  And, when kind Jenny brought his hat,
  (She always, when he walked, did that,)
  Just as upon his head it sat,
  Submitting to his settling pat--
  Some unseen hand would jam it flat,
  Or give it such a furious bat
    That eyes and nose went cramming
  Up out of sight, and consequently,
  As when in life it paddled free,
    His beaver caused much damning;
  If these things seemed o'erstrained to be,
  Read the account of Docter Dee,
  'Tis in our college library;
  Read Wesley's circumstantial plea,
  And Mrs. Crowe, more like a bee,
  Sucking the nightshade's honeyed fee,
  And Stilling's Pneumatology;
  Consult Scot, Glanvil, and grave Wierus,
  and both Mathers; further, see
  Webster, Gasaubon, James First's treatise,
  a right royal Q. E. D.
  Writ with the moon in perigee,
  Bodin de Demonomanie--
  (Accent that last line gingerly)
  All full of learning as the sea
  Of fishes, and all disagree,
  Save in _Sathanas apage_!
  Or, what will surely put a flea
  In unbelieving ears--with glee,
  Out of a paper (sent to me
  By some friend who forgot to P...
  A... Y...,--I use cryptography
  Lest I his vengeful pen should dree--
  His P... O... S... T... A... G... E...)
    Things to the same effect I cut,
  About the tantrums of a ghost,
  Not more than three weeks since, at most,
    Near Stratford, in Connecticut.

  Knott's Upas daily spread its roots,
  Sent up on all sides livelier shoots,
  And bore more pestilential fruits;
  The ghosts behaved like downright brutes,
  They snipped holes in his Sunday suits,
  Practised all night on octave flutes,
  Put peas (not peace) into his boots,
    Whereof grew corns in season,
  They scotched his sheets, and, what was worse,
  Stuck his silk night-cap full of burs,
  Till he, in language plain and terse,
  (But much unlike a Bible verse,)
    Swore he should lose his reason.

  The tables took to spinning, too,
  Perpetual yarns, and arm-chairs grew
    To prophets and apostles;
  One footstool vowed that only he
  Of law and gospel held the key,
  That teachers of whate'er degree
  To whom opinion bows the knee
  Weren't fit to teach Truth's a. b. c.
  And were (the whole lot) to a T.
    Mere fogies all and fossils;
  A teapoy, late the property
    Of Knox's Aunt Keziah,
  (Whom Jenny most irreverently
  Had nicknamed her aunt-tipathy)
  With tips emphatic claimed to be
    The prophet Jeremiah;
  The tins upon the kitchen-wall,
  Turned tintinnabulators all,
  And things that used to come at call
    For simple household services,
  Began to hop and whirl and prance,
  Fit to put out of countenance
  The _Commis_ and _Grisettes_ of France
    Or Turkey's dancing Dervises.

  Of course such doings, far and wide,
  With rumors filled the country-side,
  And (as it is our nation's pride
  To think a Truth not verified
  Till with majorities allied,)
  Parties sprang up, affirmed, denied,
  And candidates with questions plied
  Who, like the circus-riders, tried
  At once both hobbies to bestride,
  And each with his opponent vied
    In being inexplicit.
  Earnest inquirers multiplied;
  Folks, whose tenth cousins lately died,
  Wrote letters long, and Knott replied.
  All who could either walk or ride,
  Gathered to wonder or deride,
    And paid the house a visit;
  Horses were at his pine-trees tied,
  Mourners in every corner sighed,
  Widows brought children there that cried,
  Swarms of lean Seekers, eager-eyed,
  (People Knott never could abide,)
  Into each hole and cranny pried
  With strings of questions cut and dried
  From the Devout Inquirer's Guide,
  For the wise spirits to decide--
    As, for example, is it
  True that the damned are fried or boiled?
  Was the Earth's axis greased or oiled?
  Who cleaned the moon when it was soiled?
  How baldness might be cured or foiled?
    How heal diseased potatoes?
  Did spirits have the sense of smell?
  Where would departed spinsters dwell?
  If the late Zenas Smith were well?
  If Earth were solid or a shell?
  Were spirits fond of Doctor Fell?
  _Did_ the bull toll Cock-Robin's knell?
  What remedy would bugs expel?
  If Paine's invention were a sell?
  Did spirits by Webster's system spell?
  Was it a sin to be a belle?
  Did dancing sentence folks to hell?
  If so, then where most torture fell--
    On little toes or great toes?
  If life's true seat were in the brain?
  Did Ensign mean to marry Jane?
  By whom, in fact, was Morgan slain?
  Could matter ever suffer pain?
  What would take out a cherry-stain?
  Who picked the pocket of Seth Crane,
  Of Waldo precinct, State of Maine?
  Was Sir John Franklin sought in vain?
  Did primitive Christians ever train?
  What was the family-name of Cain?
  Them spoons, were they by Betty ta'en?
  Would earth-worm poultice cure a sprain?
  Was Socrates so dreadful plain?
  What teamster guided Charles's wain?
  Was Uncle Ethan mad or sane,
  And could his will in force remain?
  If not, what counsel to retain?
  Did Le Sage steal Gil Bias from Spain?
  Was Junius writ by Thomas Paine?
  Were ducks discomforted by rain?
  _How_ did Britannia rule the main?
  Was Jonas coming back again?

  Was vital truth upon the wane?
  Did ghosts, to scare folks, drag a chain?
  Who was our Huldah's chosen swain?
  Did none have teeth pulled without payin'
    Ere ether was invented?
  Whether mankind would not agree,
  If the universe were tuned in C.?
  What was it ailed Lucindy's knee?
  Whether folks eat folks in Feejee?
  Whether _his_ name would end with T.?
  If Saturn's rings were two or three,
  And what bump in Phrenology
    They truly represented?
  These problems dark, wherein they groped,
  Wherewith man's reason vainly coped,
  Now that the spirit-world was oped,
  In all humility they hoped
    Would be resolved _instanter_;
  Each of the miscellaneous rout
  Brought his, or her, own little doubt,
  And wished to pump the spirits out,
  Through his, or her, own private spout,
    Into his, or her decanter.


                 PART III.

  WHEREIN IT IS SHOWN THAT THE MOST ARDENT SPIRITS
         ARE MORE ORNAMENTAL THAN USEFUL.

  Many a speculating wight
  Came by express-trains, day and night,
  To see if Knott would "sell his right,"
  Meaning to make the ghosts a sight--
    What they call a "meenaygerie;"
  One threatened, if he would not "trade,"
  His run of custom to invade,
  (He could not these sharp folks persuade
  That he was not, in some way, paid,)
    And stamp him as a plagiary,
  By coming down at one fell swoop,
  With |THE| ORIGINAL |KNOCKING TROUPE|,
    Come recently from Hades,
  Who (for a quarter-dollar heard)
  Would ne'er rap out a hasty word
  Whence any blame might be incurred
    From the most fastidious ladies;
  The late lamented Jesse Soule
  To stir the ghosts up with a pole
  And be director of the whole,
    Who was engaged the rather
  For the rare merits he'd combine,
  Having been in the spirit line,
  Which trade he only did resign,
  With general applause, to shine,
  Awful in mail of cotton fine,
    As ghost of Hamlet's father!
  Another a fair plan reveals
  Never yet hit on, which, he feels,
  To Knott's religious sense appeals--
  "We'll have your house set up on wheels,
    A speculation pious;
  For music, we can shortly find
  A barrel-organ that will grind
  Psalm-tunes--an instrument designed
  For the New England tour--refined
  From secular drosses, and inclined
  To an unworldly turn, (combined
    With no sectarian bias;)
  Then, travelling by stages slow,
  Under the style of Knott & Co.,
  I would accompany the show
  As moral lecturer, the foe
  Of nationalism; you could throw
  The rappings in, and make them go
  Strict Puritan principles, you know,
  (How _do_ you make 'em? with your toe?)
  And the receipts which thence might flow,
    We could divide between us;
  Still more attractions to combine,
  Beside these services of mine,
  I will throw in a very fine
  (It would do nicely for a sign)
    Original Titian's Venus."
  Another offered handsome fees
  If Knott would get Demosthenes,
  (Nay, his mere knuckles, for more ease,)
  To rap a few short sentences;
  Or if, for want of proper keys,
    His Greek might make confusion,
  Then just to get a rap from Burke,
  To recommend a little work
    On Public Elocution.
  Meanwhile, the spirits made replies
  To all the reverent _whats_ and _whys_
  Resolving doubts of every size,
  And giving seekers grave and wise,
  Who came to know their destinies,
    A rap-turous reception;
  When unbelievers void of grace
  Came to investigate the place,
  (Creatures of Sadducistic race,
  With grovelling intellects and base),
  They could not find the slightest trace
    To indicate deception;
  Indeed, it is declared by some
  That spirits (of this sort) are glum,
  Almost, or wholly, deaf and dumb,
  And (out of self-respect) quite mum
  To sceptic natures cold and numb,
  Who of _this_ kind of Kingdom Come
    Have not a just conception;
  True, there were people who demurred
  That, though the raps no doubt were heard
    Both under them and o'er them,
  Yet, somehow, when a search they made,
  They found Miss Jenny sore afraid,
  Or Jenny's lover, Doctor Slade,
  Equally awe-struck and dismayed,
  Or Deborah, the chamber-maid,
  Whose terrors, not to be gainsaid,
  In laughs hysteric were displayed,
    Was always there before them;
  This had its due effect with some
  Who straight departed, muttering, Hum!
    Transparent hoax! and Gammon!
  But these were few: believing souls
  Came, day by day, in larger shoals,
  As the ancients to the windy holes
  'Neath Delphi's tripod brought their doles,
    Or to the shrine of Ammon.

  The spirits seemed exceeding tame,
  Call whom you fancied, and he came;
  The shades august of eldest fame
    You summoned with an awful ease;
  As grosser spirits gurgled out
  From chair and table with a spout,
  In Auerbach's cellar once, to flout
  The senses of the rabble rout,
  Where'er the gimlet twirled about
    Of cunning Mephistophiles--
  So did these spirits seem in store,
  Behind the wainscot or the door,
  Ready to thrill the being's core
  Of every enterprising bore
    With their astounding glamour;
  Whatever ghost one wished to hear,
  By strange coincidence, was near
  To make the past or future clear,
    (Sometimes in shocking grammar,)
  By raps and taps, now there, now here--
  It seemed as if the spirit queer
  Of some departed auctioneer
  Were doomed to practise by the year
    With the spirit of his hammer;
  Whate'er you asked was answered, yet
  One could not very deeply get
  Into the obliging spirits' debt,
  Because they used the alphabet
    In all communications,
  And new revealings (though sublime)
  Rapped out, one letter at a time,
    With boggles, hesitations,
  Stoppings, beginnings o'er again,
  And getting matters into train,
  Could hardly overload the brain
    With too excessive rations,
  Since just to ask _if two and two_
  _Really make four?_ or, _How d' ye do?_
  And get the fit replies thereto
  In the tramundane rat-tat-too,
    Might ask a whole day's patience.

  'Twas strange ('mongst other things) to find
  In what odd sets the ghosts combined,
    Happy forthwith to thump any
  Piece of intelligence inspired,
  The truth whereof had been inquired
    By some one of the company;
  For instance, Fielding, Mirabeau,
  Orator Henley, Cicero,
  Paley, John Zisca, Marivaux,
  Melancthon, Robertson, Junot,
  Scaliger, Chesterfield, Rousseau,
  Hakluyt, Boccaccio, South, De Foe,
  Diaz, Josephus, Richard Roe,
  Odin, Arminius, Charles _le gros_,
  Tiresias, the late James Crow,
  Casabianca, Grose, Prideaux,
  Old Grimes, Young Norval, Swift, Brissot,
  Maimonides, the Chevalier D'O,
  Socrates, Fénelon, Job, Stow,
  The inventor of _Elixir pro_,
  Euripides, Spinoza, Poe,
  Confucius, Hiram Smith, and Fo,
  Came (as it seemed, somewhat _de trop_)
  With a disembodied Esquimaux,
  To say that it was so and so,
    With Franklin's expedition;
  One testified to ice and snow,
  One that the mercury was low,
  One that his progress was quite slow,
  One that he much desired to go,
  One that the cook had frozen his toe,
  (Dissented from by Dandolo,
  Wordsworth, Cynaegirus, Boileau,
  La Hontan, and Sir Thomas Roe,)
  One saw twelve white bears in a row,
  One saw eleven and a crow,
  With other things we could not know
  (Of great statistic value, though)
    By our mere mortal vision.

  Sometimes the spirits made mistakes,
  And seemed to play at ducks and drakes
  With bold inquiry's heaviest stakes
    In science or in mystery;
  They knew so little (and that wrong)
  Yet rapped it out so bold and strong,
  One would have said the entire throng
    Had been Professors of History;
  What made it odder was, that those
  Who, you would naturally suppose,
  Could solve a question, if they chose,
  As easily as count their toes,
    Were just the ones that blundered;
  One day, Ulysses, happening down,
  A reader of Sir Thomas Browne
    And who (with him) had wondered
  What song it was the Sirens sang,
  Asked the shrewd Ithacan--_bang! bang!_
  With this response the chamber rang,
   "I guess it was Old Hundred."
  And Franklin, being asked to name
  The reason why the lightning came,
    Replied, "Because it thundered."

  On one sole point the ghosts agreed,
  One fearful point, than which, indeed,
    Nothing could seem absurder;
  Poor Colonel Jones they all abused,
  And finally downright accused
    The poor old man of murder;
  'Twas thus; by dreadful raps was shown.
  Some spirit's longing to make known
  A bloody fact, which he alone
  Was privy to, (such ghosts more prone
    In Earth's affairs to meddle are;)
  _Who are you?_ with awe-stricken looks,
  All ask: his airy knuckles he crooks,
  And raps, "I _was_ Eliab Snooks,
    That used to be a peddler;
  Some on ye still are on my books!"
  Whereat, to inconspicuous nooks,
  (More fearing this than common spooks,)
    Shrank each indebted meddler;
  Further the vengeful ghost declared
  That while his earthly life was spared,
  About the country he had fared,
    A duly licensed follower
  Of that much-wandering trade that wins
  Slow profit from the sale of tins
    And various kinds of hollow-ware;
  That Colonel Jones enticed him in,
  Pretending that he wanted tin,
  There slew him with a rolling-pin,
  Hid him in a potatoe-bin,
    And (the same night) him ferried
  Across Great Pond to t' other shore,
  And there, on land of Widow Moore,
  Just where you turn to Larkin's store,
    Under a rock him buried;
  Some friends (who happened, to be by)
  He called upon to testify
  That what he said was not a lie,
    And that he did not stir this
  Foul matter, out of any spite
  But from a simple love of right;--
    Which statements the Nine Worthies,
  Rabbi Akiba, Charlemagne,
  Seth, Colley Cibber, General Wayne,
  Cambyses, Tasso, Tubal-Cain,
  The owner of a castle in Spain,
  Jehanghire, and the Widow of Nain,
  (The friends aforesaid) made more plain
    And by loud raps attested;
  To the same purport testified
  Plato, John Wilkes, and Colonel Pride
  Who knew said Snooks before he died,
    Had in his wares invested,
  Thought him entitled to belief
  And freely could concur, in brief,
    In everything the rest did.

  Eliab this occasion seized,
  (Distinctly here the spirit sneezed,)
  To say that he should ne'er be eased
  Till Jenny married whom she pleased,
    Free from all checks and urgin's,
  (This spirit dropt his final g's)
  And that, unless Knott quickly sees
  This done, the spirits to appease,
  They would come back his life to tease,
  As thick as mites in ancient cheese,
  And let his house on an endless lease
  To the ghosts (terrific rappers these
  And veritable Eumenides)
    Of the Eleven Thousand Virgins!

  Knott was perplexed and shook his head.
  He did not wish his child to wed
    With a suspected murderer,
  (For, true or false, the rumor spread)
  But as for this roiled life he led,
  "It would not answer," so he said,
   "To have it go no furderer."

  At last, scarce knowing what it meant,
  Reluctantly he gave consent
  That Jenny, since 'twas evident
  That she _would_ follow her own bent,
    Should make her own election.
  For that appeared the only way
  These frightful noises to allay
  Which had already turned him gray
    And plunged him in dejection.

  Accordingly, this artless maid
  Her father's ordinance obeyed,
  And, all in whitest crape arrayed,
  (Miss Pulsifer the dresses made
  And wishes here the fact displayed
  That she still carries on the trade,
  The third door south from Bagg's Arcade,)
  A very faint "I do" essayed
  And gave her hand to Hiram Slade,
  From which time forth, the ghosts were laid,
    And ne'er gave trouble after;
  But the Selectmen, be it known,
  Dug underneath the aforesaid stone,
  Where the poor peddler's corpse was thrown,
  And found thereunder a jaw-bone,
  Though, when the crowner sat thereon,
  He nothing hatched, except alone
    Successive broods of laughter;
  It was a frail and dingy thing,
  In which a grinder or two did cling,
    In color like molasses,
  Which surgeons, called from far and wide,
  Upon the horror to decide,
    Having put on their glasses,
  Reported thus--"To judge by looks,
  These bones, by some queer hooks or crooks,
  _May_ have belonged to Mr. Snooks,
  But, as men deepest-read in books
    Are perfectly aware, bones,
  If buried, fifty years or so,
  Lose their identity and grow
    From human bones to bare bones."

  Still, if to Jaalam you go down,
  You'll find two parties in the town,
  One headed by Benaiah Brown,
    And one by Perez Tinkham;
  The first believe the ghosts all through
  And vow that they shall never rue
  The happy chance by which they knew
  That people in Jupiter are blue,
  And very fond of Irish stew,
  Two curious facts which Prince Lee Boo
  Rapped clearly to a chosen few--
    Whereas the others think 'em
  A trick got up by Doctor Slade
  With Deborah the chamber-maid
    And that sly cretur Jinny,
  That all the revelations wise,
  At which the Brownites made big eyes,
  Might have been given by Jared Keyes,
    A natural fool and ninny,
  And, last week, didn't Eliab Snooks
  Come back with never better looks,
  As sharp as new-bought mackerel hooks,
    And bright as a new pin, eh?
  Good Parson Wilbur, too, avers
  (Though to be mixed in parish stirs
  Is worse than handling chestnut-burs)
  That no case to his mind occurs
  Where spirits ever did converse
  Save in a kind of guttural Erse.
    (So say the best authorities;)
  And that a charge by raps conveyed,
  Should be most scrupulously weighed
    And searched into, before it is
  Made public, since it may give pain
  That cannot soon be cured again,
  And one word may infix a stain
    Which ten cannot gloss over,
  Though speaking for his private part,
  He is rejoiced with all his heart
    Miss Knott missed not her lover.




            AN ORIENTAL APOLOGUE.


                     I.

    Somewhere in India, upon a time,
  (Read it not Injah, or you spoil the verse)
    There dwelt two saints whose privilege sublime
  It was to sit and watch the world grow worse,
    Their only care (in that delicious clime)
  At proper intervals to pray and curse;
    Pracrit the dialect each prudent brother
    Used for himself, Damnonian for the other.


                    II.

    One half the time of each was spent in praying
  For blessings on his own unworthy head,
    The other half in fearfully portraying
  Where certain folks would go when they were dead;
    This system of exchanges--there's no saying
  To what more solid barter 'twould have led,
    But that a river, vext with boils and swellings
    At rainy times, kept peace between their dwellings,


                    III.

    So they two played at wordy battledore
  And kept a curse forever in the air,
    Flying this way or that from shore to shore;
  No other labor did this holy pair,
    Clothed and supported from the lavish store
  Which crowds lanigerous brought with daily care;
    They toiled not neither did they spin; their bias
    Was tow'rd the harder task of being pious.


                    IV.

    Each from his hut rushed six score times a day,
  Like a great canon of the Church full-rammed
    With cartridge theologic, (so to say,)
  Touched himself off, and then, recoiling, slammed
    His hovel's door behind him in a way
  That to his foe said plainly--_you'll_ be damned;
    And so like Potts and Wainwright, shrill and strong
    The two D--D'd each other all day long.


                     V.

    One was a dancing Dervise, a Mohammedan,
  The other was a Hindoo, a gymnosophist;
    One kept his whatd'yecallit and his Ramadan,
  Laughing to scorn the sacred rites and laws of his
    Transfluvial rival, who, in turn, called Ahmed an
  Old top, and, as a clincher, shook across a fist
    With nails six inches long, yet lifted not
    His eyes from off his navel's mystic knot.


                    VI.

   "Who whirls not round six thousand times an hour
  Will go," screamed Ahmed, "to the evil place;
    May he eat dirt, and may the dog and Giaour
  Defile the graves of him and all his race;
    Allah loves faithful souls and gives them power
  To spin till they are purple in the face;
    Some folks get you know what, but he that pure is
    Earns Paradise and ninety thousand houries."


                   VII.

   "Upon the silver mountain, South by East,
  Sits Brahma fed upon the sacred bean;
    He loves those men whose nails are still increased,
  Who all their lives keep ugly, foul and lean;
   'Tis of his grace that not a bird or beast
  Adorned with claws like mine was ever seen;
    The suns and stars are Brahma's thoughts divine
    Even as these trees I seem to see are mine."


                   VIII.

   "Thou seem'st to see, indeed!" roared Ahmed back.
  "Were I but once across this plaguy stream,
    With a stout sapling in my hand, one whack
  On those lank ribs would rid thee of that Dream!
    Thy Brahma-blasphemy is ipecac
  To my soul's stomach; could'st thou grasp the scheme
    Of true redemption, thou would'st know that Deity
    Whirls by a kind of blessed spontaneity.


                     IX.

   "And this it is which keeps our earth here going
  With all the stars."--"O, vile! but there's a place
    Prepared for such; to think of Brahma throwing
  Worlds like a juggler's balls up into Space!
    Why, not so much as a smooth lotos blowing
  Is e'er allowed that silence to efface
    Which broods around Brahma, and our earth, 'tis known,
    Rests on a tortoise, moveless as this stone."

                      X.

    So they kept up their banning amebean,
  When suddenly came floating down the stream
    A youth whose face like an incarnate pæan
  Glowed, 'twas so full of grandeur and of gleam;
   "If there _be_ gods, then, doubtless, this must be one."
  Thought both at once, and then began to scream,
   "Surely, whate'er immortals know, thou knowest,
  Decide between us twain before thou goest!"

                     XI.

    The youth was drifting in a slim canoe
  Most like a huge white waterlily's petal,
    But neither of our theologians knew
  Whereof 'twas made; whether of heavenly metal
    Unknown, or of a vast pearl split in two
  And hollowed, was a point they could not settle;
   'Twas good debate-seed, though, and bore large fruit
    In after years of many a tart dispute.

                     XII.

    There were no wings upon the stranger's shoulders
  And yet he seemed so capable of rising
    That, had he soared like thistledown, beholders
  Had thought the circumstance noways surprising;
    Enough that he remained, and, when the scolders
  Hailed him as umpire in their vocal prize-ring,
    The painter of his boat he lightly threw
    Around a lotos-stem, and brought her to.


                    XIII.

    The strange youth had a look as if he might
  Have trod far planets where the atmosphere,
    (Of nobler temper) steeps the face with light,
  Just as our skins are tanned and freckled here;
    His air was that of a cosmopolite
  In the wide universe from sphere to sphere;
    Perhaps he was (his face had such grave beauty)
    An officer of Saturn's guards off duty.


                     XIV.

    Both saints began to unfold their tales at once,
  Both wished their tales, like simial ones, prehensile,
    That they might seize his ear; _fool!_ _knave!_ and _dunce!_
  Flew zigzag back and forth, like strokes of pencil
    In a child's fingers; voluble as duns,
  They jabbered like the stones on that immense hill
    In the Arabian Nights; until the stranger
    Began to think his ear-drum in some danger.


                     XV.

    In general those who nothing have to say
  Contrive to spend the longest time in doing it;
    They turn and vary it in every way,
  Hashing it, stewing it, mincing it, _ragouting_ it;
    Sometimes they keep it purposely at bay,
  Then let it slip to be again pursuing it;
    They drone it, groan it, whisper it and shout it,
    Refute it, flout it, swear to't, prove it, doubt it.


                    XVI.

    Our saints had practised for some thirty years;
  Their talk, beginning with a single stem,
    Spread like a banyan, sending down live piers,
  Colonies of digression, and, in them,
    Germs of yet new migrations; once by the ears,
  They could convey damnation in a hem,
    And blow the pitch of premise-priming off
    Long syllogistic batteries, with a cough.


                    XVII.

    Each had a theory that the human ear
  A providential tunnel was, which led
    To a huge vacuum, (and surely here
  They showed some knowledge of the general head,)
    For cant to be decanted through, a mere
  Auricular canal or raceway to be fed
    All day and night, in sunshine and in shower,
    From their vast heads of milk-and-water-power.


                    XVIII.

    The present being a peculiar case,
  Each with unwonted zeal the other scouted,
    Put his spurred hobby through its very pace,
  Pished, pshawed, poohed, horribled, bahed, jeered, sneered, flouted,
    Sniffed, nonsensed, infideled, fudged, with his face
  Looked scorn too nicely shaded, to be shouted,
    And, with each inch of person and of vesture,
    Contrived to hint some most disdainful gesture.


                      XIX.

    At length, when their breath's end was come about,
  And both could, now and then, just gasp "impostor!"
    Holding their heads thrust menacingly out,
  As staggering cocks keep up their fighting posture,
    The stranger smiled and said, "Beyond a doubt
  'Tis fortunate, my friends, that you have lost your
    United parts of speech, or it had been
    Impossible for me to get between.


                       XX.

   "Produce! says Nature,--what have you produced?
  A new straitwaistcoat for the human mind;
    Are you not limbed, nerved, jointed, arteried, juiced
  As other men? yet, faithless to your kind,
    Rather like noxious insects you are used
  To puncture life's fair fruit, beneath the rind
    Laying your creed-eggs whence in time there spring
    Consumers new to eat and buzz and sting.


                      XXI.

   "Work! you have no conception how 'twill sweeten
  Your views of Life and Nature, God and Man;
    Had you been forced to earn what you have eaten,
  Your heaven had shown a less dyspeptic plan;
    At present your whole function is to eat ten
  And talk ten times as rapidly as you can;
    Were your shape true to cosmogonic laws,
    You would be nothing but a pair of jaws.


                     XXII.

   "Of all the useless beings in creation
  The earth could spare most easily you bakers
    Of little clay gods, formed in shape and fashion
  Precisely in the image of their makers;
    Why, it would almost move a saint to passion,
  To see these blind and deaf, the hourly breakers
    Of God's own image in their brother men,
    Set themselves up to tell the how, where, when,


                     XXIII.

   "Of God's existence; one's digestion's worse--
  So makes a god of vengeance and of blood;
    Another--but no matter, they reverse
  Creation's plan, out of their own vile mud
    Pat up a god, and burn, drown, hang, or curse
  Whoever worships not; each keeps his stud
    Of texts which wait with saddle on and bridle
    To hunt down atheists to their ugly idol.


                      XXIV.

   "This, I perceive, has been your occupation;
  You should have been more usefully employed;
    All men are bound to earn their daily ration,
  Where States make not that primal contract void
    By cramps and limits; simple devastation
  Is the worm's task, and what he has destroyed
    His monument; creating is man's work
    And that, too, something more than mist and murk."


                      XXV.

    So having said, the youth was seen no more,
  And straightway our sage Brahmin, the philosopher,
    Cried, "That was aimed at thee, thou endless bore,
  Idle and useless as the growth of moss over
    A rotting tree-trunk!" "I would square that score
  Full soon," replied the Dervise, "could I cross over
    And catch thee by the beard! Thy nails I'd trim
    And make thee work, as was advised by him."


                      XXVI.

   "Work? Am I not at work from morn till night
  Sounding the deeps of oracles umbilical
    Which for man's guidance never come to light,
  With all their various aptitudes, until I call?"
   "And I, do I not twirl from left to right
  For conscience' sake? Is that no work? Thou silly gull,
    He had thee in his eye; 'twas Gabriel
    Sent to reward my faith, I know him well."


                     XXVII.

   "'Twas Vishnu, thou vile whirligig!" and so
  The good old quarrel was begun anew;
    One would have sworn the sky was black as sloe,
  Had but the other darned to call it blue;
    Nor were the followers who fed them slow
  To treat each other with their curses, too,
    Each hating t'other (moves it tears or laughter?)
    Because he thought him sure of hell hereafter.


                     XXVIII.

    At last some genius built a bridge of boats
  Over the stream, and Ahmed's zealots filed
    Across, upon a mission to (cut throats
  And) spread religion pure and undefiled;
    They sowed the propagandist's wildest oats,
  Cutting off all, down to the smallest child,
    And came back, giving thanks for such fat mercies,
    To find their harvest gone past prayers or curses.


                      XXIX.

    All gone except their saint's religious hops,
  Which he kept up with more than common flourish;
    But these, however satisfying crops
  For the inner man, were not enough to nourish
    The body politic, which quickly drops
  Reserve in such sad juncture, and turns currish;
    So Ahmed soon got cursed for all the famine
    Where'er the popular voice could edge a damn in.


                      XXX.

    At first he pledged a miracle quite boldly,
  And, for a day or two, they growled and waited:
    But, finding that this kind of manna coldly
  Sat on their stomachs, they ere long berated
    The saint for still persisting in that old lie,
  Till soon the whole machine of saintship grated,
    Ran slow, creaked, stopped, and, wishing him in Tophet,
    They gathered strength enough to stone the prophet.


                      XXXI.

    Some stronger ones contrived, (by eating leather,
  Their weaker friends, and one thing or another,)
    The winter months of scarcity to weather;
  Among these was the late saint's younger brother,
    Who, in the spring, collecting them together,
  Persuaded them that Ahmed's holy pother
    Had wrought in their behalf, and that the place
    Of Saint should be continued to his race.


                     XXXII.

    Accordingly 'twas settled on the spot
  That Allah favored that peculiar breed;
    Beside, as all were satisfied, 'twould not
  Be quite respectable to have the need
    Of public spiritual food forgot;
  And so the tribe, with proper forms decreed
    That he, and, failing him, his next of kin,
    Forever for the people's good should spin.




Transcriber's Notes:

Italic formatting is indicated by text enclosed in _underscores_ and
small caps and blackletter font by text enclosed in |pipes|.

Stand-alone Greek letters are not transliterated. Transliteration of
words and phrases in Greek are as follows:

    ἀλγεινὰ μέν μοι καὶ λέγειν ἐστὶν τάδε ἄλγος δὲ σιγᾷν -
      algeina men moi kai legein estin tade algos de sigan
    τὸ πᾶν - tò pân
    ἤϊε νύκτι ἐοικώς - êïe nukti eoikôs
    δαιμονίως - daimoniôs
    τῶν βιβλιοπωλῶν - tôn bibliopolôn
    παιδοβόρος - paidoboros
    πανοῦργος - panourgos
    ποῦ στῶ - pou stô
    κατ᾽ ἐξοχήν - kat exochên
    Περὶ ῞Υψους - Peri Hypsous
    Οὕτω δημόσιον κακὸν ἔρχεται οἴκαδ' ἑκάστῳ -
      Houtô dêmosion kakon erchetai oikad' hekastô
    Ἅπας, δὲ τραχὺς ὅστις ἂν νέον κρατῇ -
      Hapas de trachus hostis an neon kratê
    ποιμὴν λαῶν - poimên laôn

Asterisms are rendered as *.* or .*.

Footnotes are moved to the end of the paragraph or stanza in which they
occur.

Additional alterations:

  added semicolon at end of line ... hands not theirs;...
  added comma after poor ...The poor, the outcast,...
  added period at end of stanza ... with the central glow....
  added space between words 'mud puddle' ...on that little mud puddle...
  added end quote mark ... for itself a home above."
  added end quote mark ... And we'll be equally partakers."
  removed apostrophe before 'the ...thet's wut the people likes;...
  removed comma after Hapas, ... Hapas de trachus ...