LOVERS ***




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                  THE BOOK OF THE DUKE OF TRUE LOVERS



    NOW FIRST TRANSLATED FROM THE MIDDLE FRENCH OF CHRISTINE DE
    PISAN WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY ALICE KEMP-WELCH. THE BALLADS
    RENDERED INTO THE ORIGINAL METRES BY LAURENCE BINYON & ERIC R.
    D. MACLAGAN


                       THE MEDIEVAL LIBRARY UNDER
                       THE GENERAL EDITORSHIP OF
                 SIR ISRAEL GOLLANCZ, Litt. D., F.B.A.




[Illustration: _The Book Of The Duke Of True Lovers Now First Translated
From the Middle French of Christiné de Pisan, by Alice Kemp-Welch.
Chatto and Windus. London MCMVIII._]

    The title on the reverse of this page, engraved upon the wood,
    was designed by Miss _Blanche C. Hunter_, and embodies the only
    authentic portrait of _Christine De Pisan_, engaged in writing,
    from the MS. now in the Bibliothèque Royale, Brussels.

[Illustration: _Ci commence le liure du duc des vrays amans._]


                                NEW YORK
                        OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
                            AMERICAN BRANCH

                         _All Rights reserved_

              Printed in England at _The Ballantyne Press_
                  Spottiswoode, Ballantyne & Co. Ltd.
                      _Colchester, London & Eton_






TRANSLATOR’S NOTE


The only two known MSS., both early fifteenth century French, of the
love-story here rendered into English prose, are the one in the
Bibliothèque Nationale (836), and that in the British Museum (Harley,
4431).

The MS. in the Bibliothèque Nationale forms one of the treasures of the
famous collection of MSS. made by Jean, Duc de Berry, the Mecænas of
illuminated MSS. At his death it passed into the possession of his
daughter Marie, who, by marriage, had become Duchesse de Bourbon. When,
in the reign of François I., the Connétable de Bourbon, to whom it had
descended, was disgraced, the king seized his books and MSS., and
carried them off to Fontainebleau, well pleased to add by any means,
righteous or unrighteous, to the treasures of the royal library. Here
this MS. and others remained until the reign of Charles IX., when they
were removed to Paris, and placed in the Bibliothèque du Roi, now the
world-famous Bibliothèque Nationale.

The MS. in the British Museum has also had an interesting and chequered
career. It was originally presented by Christine de Pisan to Isabelle of
Bavaria, the queen of Charles VI. of France, whose books and MSS. were,
in 1425, acquired by John, Duke of Bedford, Regent of France. It is more
than probable that this MS. was amongst these and was brought to
England, for the various signatures on the enclosing parchment would
certainly seem to indicate that this was the case. Late in the fifteenth
century the MS. was sold to one of the most celebrated bibliophiles of
the day, Louis of Bruges. After this, there is a blank in its history,
until, in the seventeenth century, we find it once more in England, in
the possession of Henry, Duke of Newcastle, whose grand-daughter married
Edward Harley, Earl of Oxford, the founder of the splendid collection of
MSS. and books purchased in 1754 for the British Museum, and now known
as the Harleian Collection.

The writer of the story, Christine de Pisan, was one of the world’s many
famous women, and one who, by her life and work, created an ideal for
womankind—that of sweetness and strength. Born in Venice in 1363, she
was, when five years of age, taken by her mother to Paris, to join her
father, Thomas de Pisan, who had been summoned thither by the king,
Charles V., to serve as his astrologer, in which service he remained
until the king’s death. The Court of Charles V. was, in spite of the
constant warfare that troubled his kingdom, at once most cultured and
refined, and it was in such surroundings that Christine was brought up.
At the age of fifteen she was married to the king’s notary and
secretary, Etienne de Castel, a gentleman of Picardy, who, however, died
some ten years later, leaving her with three children to provide for.
Like many another, she turned to letters as both a material and a mental
support. She wrote not only purely lyrical poetry, of extraordinary
variety and abundance considering that the subject is almost invariably
the joys and sorrows of love, sometimes, as she tells us, expressing her
own sentiments, sometimes those of others at whose request she wrote,
but she also wrote sacred and scientific poems, and moral and political
prose works, and a kind of romantic fiction, of which the story of The
Duke of True Lovers is an example, although it is quite possible, and
indeed probable, that it has some historic basis.

Christine begins her story by saying that it had been confided to her by
a young prince who did not wish his name to be divulged, and who desired
only to be known as The Duke of True Lovers. It has been suggested, with
much likelihood, that this is the love story of Jean, Duc de Bourbon,
and Marie, Duchesse de Berry, who has already been alluded to as the
daughter of the famous Jean, Duc de Berry, and the inheritor of his MSS.
This Marie had been married, when quite a child, to Louis III. de
Chatillon, Comte de Dunois, and afterwards to Philippe d’Artois, Comte
d’Eu, Constable of France, whose wife she was at the time when the
incidents which have been woven into this story are supposed to have
taken place. Philippe d’Artois only survived the marriage three or four
years, and after three years of widowhood, the already much-married
Marie wedded (1400) our hero, Jean, Duc de Bourbon.

The principal facts which seem to afford strong evidence in favour of
connecting this love story with the two princely houses of Bourbon and
Berry are (1) that the MS. originally formed part of the library of the
Duc de Berry, and subsequently passed on marriage to that of the Duc de
Bourbon; (2) that although Christine’s MSS. generally were so copied and
multiplied during her lifetime that they number even now at least two
hundred, there is only one other copy—the one already referred to as
being in the British Museum—known of this particular MS., this alone
seeming to indicate that its contents were regarded as of a private
family nature; and (3) that to add to the mystery, and to ensure
secrecy, there is no definite ending to the romance. The story merely
tells us that the ducal lover, harassed by mischief-makers, and unable
to bear the pain of a separation in his own country which her position
and his own gallantry alike demanded, departs with the army for an
expedition in Spain. For ten years the lovers meet from time to time
during the intervals between journeying and war, and further solace each
other with short love-poems, expressive of pensive longing, and with
these the story ends vaguely. But if we accept the story as being
founded on real life, history supplies a more definite ending. As
already stated, soon after the death of Marie’s second husband,
Philippe, the lovers are married, and spend a few happy years in their
castle at Moulins, the chief town of the Duke’s domains, surrounded by
and enjoying rare works of art and literature, their happiness only
marred by the unsettled state of France, and by consequent calls on the
Duke to fight for his country. It was on one of such occasions—the
memorable and decisive battle of Agincourt (1415)—that the Duke was made
prisoner, and taken to London, where he died in captivity, and Marie,
his Duchess, was left to mourn, and this time in real sorrow.

Thus ends the story, which Christine has told with her wonderful gift as
painter-poet. Besides making the lovers, and that noxious growth of
civilisation, the inevitable scandal-monger, intensely living through
her womanly sympathy and psychological insight, and introducing, in the
form of a letter, a most comprehensive and remarkable treatise on
feminine morality, the dangers of illicit love, and the satisfaction of
simple wifely duty, she takes us in imagination to a royal castle of the
fifteenth century. There we seem to live the daily life of its courtly
circle, and, through the vivid description of the sumptuous pageant, to
take part in the three days’ tournament, and in the merry revels which
bring each day to a close. As we read, we realise the extraordinary
power of this woman, who seems in description to use the exact and
detailed brush of a Meissonier, whilst in her outlook on life she
possesses the broader and freer touch of a Puvis de Chavannes. Truly is
it a master-mind indeed which can see life largely, and see it well!

Much might be written about the interesting and talented Christine, but
we must bid her farewell now and here. Still she must ever be held in
remembrance for her untiring championship of two things very near to her
heart—a patriotic love for the land of her adoption, and an ardent
devotion to the cause of womankind. She had the happiness before her
death, which occurred about 1430 in the Convent of Poissy, near Paris,
to which she had retired, of seeing France aroused to patriotism, and
that, too, by a woman—Joan of Arc.




THE BOOK OF THE DUKE OF TRUE LOVERS


Here begins the Book of The Duke of True Lovers

Although I might have no desire or intent at the present time to
discourse of love, since all my mind is occupied with other matter the
which is more pleasing to me, I am willing, for the sake of others, now
to commence a wondrous story, for to this I am besought by one who,
instead of making request, has the right to give command to one even
more worthy than I. And this is a lord whom it behoves one duly to obey,
and who of his grace has desired me to make known the trouble which,
whether he has been wise, or whether he has been foolish, he has, during
many winters and summers, long been in by reason of love to the which
his heart is still in bondage. But he would not that I should make known
his name. It contents him who tells this story for their sake, to be
called the Duke of True Lovers. And it is his pleasure that I recount,
even as he has told them unto me, the grievous distresses, the joys, and
the strange adventures, through the which, during many bygone years, he
has passed. And he would that to this rehearsal I should at the same
time add other matter, the which I grant him, for I know him to be of
such disposition, and of such good sense, that his humility will take in
good part the imperfection of my little poem, and, with his consent, I
will relate on his behalf the facts even as he has set them forth.




THE DUKE OF TRUE LOVERS


I was a mere lad when I first experienced a great desire to become a
lover. And for that I heard it maintained that a lover is courteous
above other folk, and better esteemed amongst men, I desired to be one.
To this end I resorted thither where I might choose a lady whom I might
serve, but ne’ertheless I was longwhile without one, for, on my soul, I
had not the understanding to make choice, and although I had enough of
leisure, I ne’ertheless understood not how to discover the way to this.
And because of my desire, I frequented much fair company of dames and
maidens, and saw many very fair damsels, but youth still kept possession
of me, so that in nowise did I know how to determine whom to choose.
Thus I was longwhile happy, content with this gay and pleasing life. But
when the time dured too long for me, in this manner did I make sore
plaint to love:—

    Very God of Love, who art of lovers Lord,
    And Venus, thou, Love’s Lady and Goddess,
    Since in love only is set my happiness,
    Vouchsafe to turn my heart soon thitherward.

    Vouchsafe, that I be with right courage stored,
    Soon to bring unto me my heart’s mistress,
    Very God of Love, who art of lovers Lord.

    And may I choose, if thou the grace accord,
    One that shall pardon me the simpleness
    Of youth, and honour on my days impress;
    Out of a great desire have I implored,
    Very God of Love, who art of lovers Lord.

And because of the desire which I had in view, oft did I discourse thus
until that true love heard me, and gratified my longing. And I will
rehearse unto you in what manner love first took possession of my heart
and made it captive, and never after set it free.

[Illustration: _“On a day for my diversion ... we mounted on to our
horses”_]

On a day, for my diversion, with one of my kinsfolk and four others of
my gentlemen, we mounted on to our horses. A longing for the chase took
possession of me, and, to ensure success, I caused the huntsmen to take
greyhounds and ferrets. Then, without ado, we entered on a path the
which I had ofttimes followed, but not far had we gone when a wide
beaten track led us whither I knew there were many rabbits. And near by,
I assure you, there was a strong and very goodly castle, but its name I
will not make known.

At that time there was come to this place a Princess who was held of
every one as so good and beautiful, and of so great worth, that she was
had in honour of all. In nowise did we know that she was there, since we
came thither by chance. Here and there, without the castle, her
attendants amused themselves, some singing, some casting the weight, and
others, afoot, exercising with the bar. And as they remained there, we
turned our steps toward them. Then they all turned them toward us, and
when they perceived us, and recognised who we were, the chief amongst
them at once rose up. And when they had saluted us, they tarried not,
but, as it seemed to me, by twos and by threes repaired them to their
mistress. And methinks they did not hide from her that we were come
there, for as soon as we were come quite nigh unto the castle, we saw a
goodly company of ladies coming forth to meet us. And these gave us
welcome with gracious bearing.

And we straightway turned toward them, and saluted them on bended knee.
And there was amongst them both a lady and a maiden who were kinsfolk of
her who was mistress of them all. And without giving affront, and
without rebuke, I kissed the maiden with fair tresses, as well as the
lady. And my cousin and I escorted the maiden, who was high-born, and
the noble lady, and in suchwise entered the castle.

And the Lady, of whom every one spake well, had already come forth from
out her chamber, and stood there with noble mien, neither proudly, nor
haughtily, but in such manner as befitted her noble estate and royal
person. And as soon as we saw her, we duly saluted her, and, in a little
space, she came forward, and took me with ungloved hand, and kissed me,
and said, “I knew not of your coming, fair cousin. You are right
welcome, but what brings you here now?”

Then said my cousin, “Certes, my Lady, we set out for amusement, and
knew not that you were here. Chance brought us hither, but praised be
God who has so favoured us that we have found at your hands so warm a
welcome.”

And the good and gracious lady laughed at this, and made answer, “Then
let us go amuse ourselves.”

So we descended down into a green meadow, and then, accompanying us, she
went to a very fair place, and drew me to her right side to sit down
beside her. And without more ado, large cushions of gold and of silk
were brought to her, under the shade of a willow, where, beneath the
trees, the waters of a spring ran fair and clear along a straight
channel fashioned and cut with skill through the green and tender
herbage.

And no longer did she remain standing, but she seated herself with me
beside her, and then the others withdrew them to a distance from us, and
sat them down, here and there, beside the stream. Then she began to
question me, for I confess that I knew not at that time how to converse
with her or with others, for I was still somewhat young.

And she began her discourse by making enquiry of me concerning a journey
from the which I was newly come, and, in especial, of the demeanour and
the appearance of the ladies, and, further, in what manner the Court,
the which the King and Queen held, was ordered. And I made her answer
according to my knowledge. And I remember me that we discoursed together
there of many things.

[Illustration: _“And now it is time that I tell how the grievous malady
began ... for love’s sake.”_]

And now it is time that I tell of how the grievous malady began the
which has made me to suffer right cruelly for love’s sake. Truly it is a
marvel to understand how it came to pass that love of her whom I had
ofttimes seen, but whom I had never before thought on, took possession
of my heart. It is like unto one who passes over the sea, exploring many
lands to discover that which he might find close at hand, but the which
he perceives not until another makes it known unto him. Thus in truth
did it befall me, for, by reason of my want of understanding, in nowise
did I perceive the grace of my precious lady until love put me in the
way, and I had but desired to see such an one in order to yield my heart
to her. For long had I seen her oft, but, until that day, no thought had
I given to her. Thus I had ready to my hand that which I went elsewhere
to seek. But, in order to allay my passion, love at length willed to
release my heart from this strife. And now, when this perfect one, who
has caused me sore trouble, spake to me, her speech and her gentle and
gracious bearing pleased me more than ever aforetime, and made me wholly
dumb. Intently did I observe her, and right well did I contemplate her
beauty, since she seemed to me to be more distinguished, and to have
much more of grace and sweetness, than I had ever before observed.

Then love, the playful archer, who saw my silent demeanour, and that I
was inclined unto love, took the arrow with the which it is his wont to
surprise lovers, and bent his bow, and drew it silently. But I heeded it
not. The arrow of a tender glance, the which is so pleasing and so
powerful, pierced me to the heart. Then was I sore bewildered. Verily
did I think myself to be lost when I felt the loving blow, but my heart
yielded itself to the amorous wound. In nowise was the wound mortal, for
it came to pass that the sting pierced me again and again.

Then her gentle, laughing eyes, all fraught with loving fetters, so
stirred my heart, that I knew not how to make answer unto her. Truly
must she have thought my look and my manner to be foolish, since I moved
neither hand nor foot, and I so ofttimes changed colour at her glance,
that it might have been thought that my heart trembled with fear. How
shall I set the matter forth briefly? If I longed to be made captive,
then in this I failed not.

Thus ended the life of my early youth. How to live otherwise, true love
now taught me. In this manner was I made captive from that hour.

Longwhiles did I remain there, and I discoursed in a simple manner, like
unto a child, and, without ceasing, I kindled the burning fire-brand in
my heart. When I gazed on her beauty, I was caught as is the moth in the
candle, or the bird in the lime, and no heed did I take of it.

And when I had tarried in this place nigh unto the third of a summer’s
day, my cousin no longer remained in meditation, but said to me, “Take
your leave now, for, on my soul, methinks you have detained my Lady too
long here, and it is the time to sup.”

Then the noble and courteous one, who is called fair and good, besought
me much to sup with her, but I excused me. For but a short while longer
did I linger there, and then I arose, and would have taken my leave, but
it behoved us first to take wine, and so we drank. And when we had
drunken and eaten, I besought her that of her grace it might please her
that I should escort her to her dwelling, but the fair one consented
not. So, without tarrying, I took leave of her and of them all.

Then love, the more to pierce my tender heart, caused me of a sudden to
receive a loving glance from her, the which came to me like a tender
greeting as I left the place, for, whiles I was departing, I turned
towards her, and, as I turned me away, the tender, fervent look from her
fair, loving eyes, fell upon me in such wise that never, since love
lodged there, has it faded away. And thus I departed with love’s arrow.

And when we were without the walls, we straightway mounted on to our
horses, and made all haste to set forth because of the night, the which
was already come. And by the way, my cousin made great endeavour to be
merry, but as for me, certes I spake not a word, but kept silence, and
bowed my head in a very pensive way, for the burning and living flame
with the which the tender glance had pierced and wholly taken possession
of my heart, left me not, and I so thought without ceasing on the beauty
of the gentle countenance where I had left my heart in pledge, and on
her fair and faultless body and her winning eyes, that all came up
before me. Thus I rode forward in pensive mood. And my cousin conversed
much with me by the way, and spake with much good sense, but since I was
wrapped in thought, I listened not to him until he said to me, “Fair
Sir, what do you thus think on in silence, and what is the cause of
this? Have you not had great joy there from whence you come, that you
bear yourself so pensively? Certes, it seems to me, so help me God, that
whoso desires a lady, could not have one fairer and more perfect than,
without doubt, is the one from whom you but now come. What say you to
this? Do I not speak truly? Is she not courteous and kind? Have you ever
in your life seen a lady in every way more perfect? To my thinking, she
is beautiful to look on, and excels all others in discretion, in honour,
in grace, and in nobility, and, in fine, never on my soul have I seen
her like, save only the lady who is mistress of mine own heart, for her
pure heart displays such surpassing virtue that there is none other to
be compared to her, save only her of whom I have spoken, and this God
would allow.”

And when I heard another praised more than her whom I thought on,
although before I had held my peace, no longer for all the gold in the
world could I remain silent, and therefore, pondering deeply, I sighed
and said, “Certes, I will say what I think, if it be only that I believe
it certain that, if God would choose an earthly mistress and friend,
none other could he desire if he would possess the one in the world the
most beyond compare, and in pledge of this I offer my body in combat. If
you take not up this gage, then you love not this same lady of yours who
is without equal in the world, and once again do I avouch that all other
ladies are, to this one, only as are the small sparks from a candle to
the brightness of the stars.”

And when he heard me speak thus, he began to smile, and verily do I
believe that he perceived my heart to be already gone out to her.

And then he went on in front, and we, riding in all haste, came in a
short space to the place where I dwelt, and the night had already closed
in. And at the time, my father was looking out into the court, and he
sternly made enquiry where I had been all the day long, and I, who had
made great haste for that I feared and dreaded his anger, saw him at a
window, and much did I wish that he had been elsewhere. Howsoever I
dismounted, and then, without waiting, I knelt to greet him. Then said
he, turning his head, “Whence come you, fair Sir? Is it the time to
return home when the night is already come? But all is well with him who
returns.”

And I said not a word to him, and he left me, and I departed to my
chamber. And there I supped, pensive and sad, albeit there were many
youths there who were at great pains to divert me, and who related many
tales to me, but know that without ceasing my thoughts were elsewhere,
for it ever seemed to me that I saw, face to face, her who knew not how
she had made captive my heart. And when the time to retire to rest was
come, I laid me down in a well-prepared and comfortable bed, but I
believe not that I slept one hour and a half, and if there was one thing
which disquieted me more than another, it was that I was fearful lest
perchance she for whom I felt such sweet, joyous longing, might not look
upon this as I desired, for, as it seemed to me, nowhere could I obtain
solace which could give me so much pleasure, and from the which my heart
could derive such happiness, and, in this mood, I pondered, and said:—



BALLAD


    Verily, Love, I have no language, none
    Of thanksgiving sufficient for thy grace
    That moved me unto love, and such an one
    Gave me for mistress as doth all abase
    Beside her, queen of beauty and of grace
    And precious worth; O, when on her I muse,
    Truly my speech with my thought keeps no pace.
    Thanks be to thee, who mad’st me her to choose.

    Now all that I desired so dear is won,
    Having a lady to serve all my days,
    Who holds my heart in joy to think upon
    Her beauty, and in every hour and place
    Makes my heart high and glad, so to embrace
    Her soul with mine, joy that I may not lose.
    Mine was the choice, but thine shall be the praise.
    Thanks be to thee who mad’st me her to choose.

    O now, Love, into whose dominion
    I yield my heart, vouchsafe my service space
    That to my lady I suffice alone,
    Being all hers, and that her beauteous face
    And her regard that doth all pain erase,
    Bend pitying on me and not refuse
    Her tender eyes; I ask no other grace.
    Thanks be to thee, who mad’st me her to choose.

    Ah, God of Love, ere that I run my race,
    Vouchsafe I may alone content her, whose
    I am always, in good and evil case.
    Thanks be to thee, who mad’st me her to choose.

In such wise did I commune with myself, and as yet I felt not the fierce
onset of the ardent desire which assails lovers, and makes them to burn,
to grow pale, to pine away, and to fret. This was not yet come. Thus I
only bethought me at the time to consider how I might be blithe and gay,
and possess a very fine equipment and fair raiment, and give away very
freely and without stint, and behave so honourably that in all things I
might everywhere be praised of gentlefolk in such sort that my lady
might regard me with favour on account of my well-doing. Thus I desired
to perfect my conduct, and thereafter to abandon the childish ways which
until then had made me wayward, and to take heed that thoughtlessness
did not overtake me, and to learn how to have a care for that which is
worthy.

All these thoughts had I at that time, and thus I sought how, in my
bearing and conduct, I might put all this into practice. So I much
changed my ways, and now all my endeavour was to think, and to say, and
to do, that which was in every way pleasing and gracious, and on no
account to do aught that was discourteous.

And I was neither sad nor foolish, but was cheerful, happy, contented,
and prudent, and so as to become familiar with the ways of love, I took
pains to learn to sing and to dance, and also to give myself up to the
pursuit of arms, for it seemed to me that it was said truly that credit
of a surety results from the pursuit of love, of arms, and of valour.

Then forthwith I so importuned my father and my mother, that I came by
that which I sought after, the which was that I might have gold and
silver to spend freely, and that in all ways I might be richly attired;
and then I chose a device and a motto, in the which was the name of my
lady in such form that none could recognise it; and I commanded chargers
for jousting, and caused a festival to be arranged in order to make
essay at the joust, and, as I have said, other things beside did I
purpose.

So the festival was prepared, to the which many a noble lady was bidden,
but ere I had answer that my lady would come to it, I made request of
him to whom this was due, and who was distantly related to me; and he
most heartily gave consent to it, and gave me welcome to his castle. And
there I saw my lady at my leisure, but how wholly I loved her and held
her dear, I told not unto her, but my face, methinks, made it quite
manifest, for Love which, the more to arouse my passion, taught me its
devices, made me to be all silent, and to pale, and then to regain
colour, but the fair one held her peace concerning it, as if she
perceived it not, and so little did she take notice of it, that I
bethink me she in nowise perceived the cause of all that happened to me,
and that all came from love of the which she was the cause, and the one
from whom flashed the loving spark which pierced my heart which made no
complaint of it. Ne’ertheless I lived happily, and ofttimes did I see
her, and this it was that comforted my heart, the which rejoiced, and,
aside to myself, I thus addressed her whom I so loved:—



BALLAD


    My lady, and my sovereign, flower most rare,
    In whom honour and worth are glorified,
    Fountain of all things wise, gracious, and fair;
    Who art my way toward virtue, and the guide
    That over all my goings dost preside;
    Lady, to whom humbly is vowed my fate,
    Serving in that sweet service at thy side,
    All of my days to thee I dedicate.

    How else, since none could with thyself compare?
    Thou Beauty filled with sweetness, O provide
    Ensample kindling me to do and dare,
    And bring my ship in honour’s port to ride!
    So sweet my joy, Lady, it cannot hide;
    Therefore, in my simplicity elate,
    Out of my heart and body have I cried;
    All of my days to thee I dedicate.

    Most noble Duchess, surely the hours prepare
    That time, when thou shalt well be certified
    How my heart serves thee with its every prayer.
    Then shall my life be brimmed and satisfied,
    When thou its full devotion having tried
    Know’st it all truth; O honour’s path and gate!
    Fame’s flowering tree! O valour’s starry guide!
    All of my days to thee I dedicate.

    Princess, who dost in power and praise abide,
    Early I learnt to love thee; and love, being great,
    Lifts up my heart above all thought of pride,
    All my days, all, to thee I dedicate.

And now I must turn me again to the former matter.

In all haste, a great and fair festival was prepared, where many folk
had much diversion. And proclamation was made of the jousts, at the
which whosoe’er would combat lustily might win jewels of great worth and
the prize, and that to this tournament there would come twenty knights
who would joust with all comers.

And on the day appointed, the meeting was held in a fair meadow, where,
well placed at the end of a lake, was a castle the which had six high
towers. And in this meadow were set up large and spacious tents and
scaffolds, and pavilions in great number, and all was made ready for the
festival and the jousts. And without adding more of this, I tell you
that when the day named was come, my sweet lady arrived before
nightfall, and there met her a goodly company of noble folk, and,
certes, minstrels with drums, of the which there were more than three
pairs, and trumpets the which they blew so loudly that the hills and
valleys resounded.

And know that I had great joy when I saw my goddess coming toward me,
and never could aught beside happen from the which I could derive such
joy. So I met her in the way with a very noble retinue, and I approached
her litter, and saluted her, as she did me, and then my fair lady said
to me, “You take great trouble, fair cousin, for it puts you to
inconvenience to come at such a time.”

Thus holding, with joyful countenance, much converse with my sweet and
dear lady, we came nigh unto the castle, and riding beside her litter
(and, certes, it seemed to me that I had for my service sufficient
recompense, since my great joy was doubled in that it appeared to me
that she then looked on me more tenderly than she had ever done afore),
we arrived at the castle, where we found awaiting her many fair ladies,
who kneeled before her in seemly manner.

And in the courtyard she descended down from the litter, and was
received there with great rejoicing; and I forthwith escorted her
through the rooms to her tiring chamber. And all the house had been made
ready for her whom I thought on, and at whose dwelling I had sojourned.

Then those whose duty it was brought wine and comfits, and the fair one
desired that I should partake of them with her. And after this we
withdrew, and retired elsewhere, so as to suffer her to have repose for
a while, and I straightway withdrew me elsewhere, and dressed and
attired me.

And so as to dance in the German fashion, and to the end that naught
should be wanting to make the festival perfect, I had caused an hundred
rich liveries to be made according to my device, and I remember me that
the five-and-twenty of them the which the knights had on this occasion,
were of green velvet, and of cloth of gold broidered. But on the day
following the joust, the esquires and the gentlefolk, but not the
waiting-men, apparelled them, whatsoe’er it cost, in satin, broidered
with silver.

And when that we were dressed, we appeared before my mistress. And there
we found a goodly assemblage of ladies and damsels of the country who
were already come to this festival. Then, without tarrying, I saluted my
lady and them all, and verily do I believe that I changed colour.
Ne’ertheless I said, “My Lady, it is time to sup.” And straightway I
took her by the hand, and led her to the hall. Then each one descended
thither. The knights led the ladies, and the minstrels blew their
trumpets in such manner that everything re-echoed with the sound, and
the feast gave such pleasure, that it made a goodly sight to witness.

And my lady seated herself on the large raised dais, and I think not
that it was displeasing to her that next to her I placed my mother, and
that, after her, four countesses, who entertained her well, seated them
close by, following down the hall each one according to her rank. And
the gentlewomen-in-waiting all sat them down in order of rank. And the
gentlemen seated them apart. And I hope and believe that in all respects
they were well served at the supper with meats and with wine.

And, without making any excuse, I tell you that, when we had supped,
after taking comfits, we drank. Then the minstrels came forward, and
began to sound their horns in pleasing harmony. And, in a short space,
there began the dance, joyous and gay, and at it every one, because of
the happy festival, made merry.

Then no longer did I tarry, but I went straightway to beseech my lady to
dance. And for a little she made excuse, but at last she gave consent.
So I took her by the hand, and led her to the dance, and then I escorted
her back to her seat, and misdoubt not that I was so carried away by
love of her, that I seemed to myself to be altogether overcome of
delight to be near her. I bethink me that I conceived this to be indeed
the celestial paradise, and desired naught better. And that which
pleased and rejoiced me the most, was her very sweet countenance, the
which, fearlessly and without frowardness, and with a gentle, tender
glance, looked upon me so sweetly and so kindly, that it seemed to me
that all I said and did was pleasing unto her. And I observed her very
intently, and then I cried for joy, for I seemed to possess the great
happiness which I desired.

And it was right fitting that I should now approach her joyously. And so
we danced merrily a greater part of the night, and then the revel ended,
for it was time to make ready to retire to rest. Then I led her who was
as fair as amber to her chamber, and there many a courteous word was
spoken. And when she had gazed on me with her eyes the more to inflame
my passion, after partaking of comfits, I took leave of her and of all.
And we laid us down, here and there, on fair beds, with rich coverlets,
but all the night long I ceased not to think on her beauty, and I gave
utterance to these words, the which were in my heart:—



ROUNDEL


    When you are come, joy is so all complete,
    The heart leaps in my breast, beholding you,
    O flower of beauty, O rose fresh and new,
    Whose slave I am, whose servitude is sweet.

    Lady of gracious ways, whom all men greet
    Most beautiful of women and most true,
    When you are come, joy is so all complete.

    For you the happy festival shall meet
    In glee; with none else have I need to do
    For my delight; from you alone I drew
    The life and joy that make my heart to beat,
    When you are come, joy is so all complete.

And like unto one who is consumed with love, I was impatient for the
morn, when I might see my mistress. So I arose from my bed as soon as I
saw that the time was fitting. And already was the house full of brave
and valiant knights, and esquires who even now were jousting with foils
and overthrew many an one.

And when that I was ready, and mass was said, I went out, and because I
saw not my lady, I remained pensive. Then I went to meet her, and in a
short space I found her. For the nonce she was at mass, but after
hearing it, she hasted to make ready her attire.

And when, after she was come forth from the chapel, she had attired her
fair form, the which of a truth was fair above all, I courteously made
her salutation. And she said tenderly, “Welcome, fair cousin. Take good
heed, for every one who would win a fair lady will appear at the joust.”

Then I smiled, and took courage to say, “I would make a request of you,
my Lady, and if you will grant it, right glad shall I be. It is that you
give me, if so it pleases you, a sleeve from off one of your bodices,
and a chaplet of periwinkle, to wear on my helm. Methinks it would not
please me more, or give me greater joy, if that you gave me a kingdom!”

Then my lady pondered awhile, and at length she said, “Certes, fair
cousin, it would profit you more to have agreement with some other lady
for whom to adventure knightly and brave deeds. There are here many
ladies of high degree, but right certain it is that you cannot have a
lady here without jeopardy of your life if you would have of her, to
place on your helm, a token for the which it behoves you to go forth to
do deeds of chivalry. This you should receive from your mistress and
friend, and not from me, but I tell you that I am by no means willing to
refuse you your request, for even more would I do for you, though I
would not that any one should know of it.” Then she drew a knife from
beneath her bed-hangings, and cut out the sleeve with the ermine from
one of her bodices of cloth of gold, and gave it to me. And for this I
gave her much thanks, and I likewise received from her the green
chaplet, wherefore I was happy and joyous, and said that I would bear it
on my helm, and would joust for love of her, but she must be willing to
take all in good part, for I had still to learn how to do this.

Then my gracious lady was silent, without letting it be seen whether
this was pleasing unto her, or whether it gave her displeasure, and more
I dared not say. And I took my leave, for it was time to go.

And the dinner was made ready early on that summer’s day. We all dined
hastily in our chambers, and then repaired to the meadow where the
jousts were to be held, and dismounted before the gorgeous pavilions set
up around. The armour was there already, and the lances were got ready,
and the chargers were examined. And there you might see high saddles
with stirrups, and covered with devices, white, and red, and green, and
shields of many colours, and painted lances; and already there was a
great assemblage, in many rows, of the common folk, and much quarrelling
and uproar.

And then I armed me, and made me ready, in my pavilion, but I tarried
there awhile, for it fell not to me to sally forth to begin the joust.
And there were twenty of us, apparelled alike, and all akin, and we were
knights prepared to joust with all comers.


[Illustration: _“My cousin, without long waiting, found his challenge
taken up”_]

And my cousin, of whom I have before spoken, and who was very
courageous, was the first in the field. To this he was well accustomed,
and in such array did he enter the lists, that verily he looked like a
kinsman of the king. And he had his helm laced for to tourney in proper
manner; and painted lances, and banners, and much fair company were to
be seen there, and, as was fitting, many a player on the pipes was to be
heard, the which gave delight to all around. But of this we will say no
more.

And I had caused many pavilions to be set up there for the service of
strangers, where they could lodge and refresh them. And you may be
assured that before the appointed hour there came thither many valiant
knights who failed us not at the joust. Others, who came to look on,
remained on their horses.

And my cousin, without long waiting, found his challenge taken up by a
knight who touched his shield with the point of his lance, and he
avoided it not, so that if it should chance unto him to be overthrown in
the encounter, then must his blood be spilt.

And it was our part to be the first to take the field, and the heralds
might be heard making proclamation in a loud voice of the name of this
one, who was known in England and in many lands. And then five of our
company sallied forth from the tents, and in nowise did they fail to
joust with all comers, and of a truth each one did his duty there so
exceeding well, that it is indeed right that the renown of their
achievements should endure.

Then the general tourney began, and, in double file, and much increased
in numbers, our company sallied forth, and, as it behoved them,
tourneyed bravely. The trumpets sounded joyously, and the heralds made
proclamation, and the knights on noble battle horses, and according to
their several ranks, tourneyed lustily. And my lady, and many other
ladies, each one of whom was fair to look upon, twenty ladies with fair
tresses, nobly born, and adorned with chaplets, of whom the sovereign
and mistress was her who was in my thoughts, were seated apart, in order
of rank, on scaffolds richly bedecked. And, certes, they were all
apparelled in gowns of white silk, broidered with gold of special
design. They seemed like unto goddesses from heaven, or fairies
fashioned as faultlessly as one could desire.

And you may know of a surety that many a glorious course was run that
day, and, certes, it must have been not a little pleasing to those who
watched such beings, since they made great endeavour to merit their
regard, and to overcome each other, the better to win their favour. Thus
you could here see many a thrust quickly parried, and how that one
overthrew another in the shock, and another aimed at the opening of the
visor, or else struck at shield or helm. One was unhelmed, or at once
cast to the ground, and another came who carried him off. Lances were
broken, and blows resounded, and the trumpets were sounded so loudly,
that God’s thunder could not be heard. And hard blows were given on
either side.

At length, with lance in rest, I sallied forth from my pavilion swifter
than a merlin, well planted in the stirrup, and armed all in white on a
charger, the which had a white caparison. Neither red, nor green, nor
any other colour whatsoever was there, save fine gold. And there came
forth with me all those of the place, and these meted out many a good
blow, and all were armed in white, and the lances the which our folk
bare were all of white. And I had caused the sleeve, the which my lady
had given me, to be right well disposed, and fastened firmly to my helm,
so that it could not be torn off. And I placed the green chaplet on my
helm, and set me forth with a goodly company, for exceeding great desire
had I to see my very sweet goddess.

Then, all full of gladness, I arrived at the place of jousting. And I
turned my eyes to where she was, and met with her tender glance, and
thus I feared not any mischance. I passed before her, and then quickly
closed my helm and went to my place. And, in her presence, a noble count
forthwith brought me my lance, at the same time saying unto me that much
shame would it be to me if I jousted not worthily since I bare so noble
a crest.

Then, with lance lowered, being desirous that it should be rightly
placed, without ado I spurred my charger against another, and you could
see him come towards me. And we faltered not in the encounter, but,
since it is not seemly to relate one’s own deeds, I will not here tell
aught with regard to my exploits on that occasion, save that the fair
one held what I performed that day so well done, that, of her grace, she
gave me very great praise for it, and, in the end, she awarded the prize
for those who were of the place to me, and, right joyous, I took it with
the ready assent of the ladies, and thus you may know of a truth that,
according to my age, I did my duty there, all the day, as much as in me
lay. If I did aught that was valiant, no praise do I deserve for it, for
you may know of a surety that it was love, and not I myself, which was
the cause of it all. Without doubt there were to be found in this
company many proven knights more doughty than myself, for, of a truth,
as was well known, there were come there, from all parts, both nobles
and those of lesser degree who were more worthy of the prize. But I trow
that the ladies did this for that they saw how eager I was, and because
of this favourable disposition, I believe that when they awarded me the
prize, they were really desirous that I might be constrained to joust
the more readily.

And the prize which was decreed for strangers, was given to a German, an
able and skilful jouster amongst a thousand.

Thus did the tournament dure all the day, and, without ceasing, fresh
jousters came to it, and our men maintained themselves against all
comers. And how shall I sum it all up? Every one jousted well and
fairly, but the blows which were given, and by whom, and in what manner,
it concerns me not to recount, for that is not what I have in view, nor
what I purpose to tell.

And night came, and the joust ended. Then every one departed quickly,
and all returned to the castle, where the cooks made haste with the
supper. And I sent my gentlemen to those who were lodged without, as to
friends, with a message that, in the name of the noble ladies, and in my
own name, I earnestly besought of all gentlefolk, both strangers and
neighbours, that they would come and keep festival with us. Thus on all
sides I caused a knightly entertainment to be proclaimed, and that whoso
would, might come and keep the feast.

Then straightway there came those of both high and low degree. There
were barons from many lands, and it needs not to ask if there was a
great assemblage, and, certes, there were received there, with ever
increasing pleasure, so many folk, that the castle was filled. And I
received them with glad countenance. And there was a great number of
barons and of gentlefolk from many parts, and, with right goodwill, I
did honour to each one according to his rank. And the supper was
plenteous and choice.

And when that we were risen from the table, the minstrels sounded their
horns, and those of noble rank apparelled them for the dance, and none
were there amongst them who did not wear rich broidered doublets, all
sewn over with lace of beaten gold and silver, and the ladies were
arrayed in like manner; in suchwise did they make ready to dance gaily.
Then merrily commenced the glad festival, at the which many a gracious
lady and fair damozel courteously besought the strangers to dance, and
led them forth.

Then the dancing commenced throughout the hall, and every one strove to
dance gaily. But I, whom love had filled with ardent passion, thought
only of my lady, and gave no heed to this. I essayed to dance a little,
so that my longing might not be perceived or known. Then I joined the
elder knights, until word was brought to me to go without tarrying into
the hall, for that my lady, who eagerly made enquiry for me, sent for
me. And truly did I rejoice at this. So with a goodly company of
gentlefolk, I turned me to the hall, where all were merry for that they
vied with one another in the dance.

And when I was come to my lady, she said to me, “Fair Sir Cousin,
wherefore do you not dance?”

And I made answer, “Do _you_ dance, my Lady, and thus set me the
example.”

And she said that I must dance first; and so, to make commencement, I
led to the dance a fair lady with a merry countenance, and escorted her
round once or twice, and then led her back to her seat. Then I took my
lady by the hand, and with her assent, gaily led her forth to the dance.

Thus the dance dured the most part of the night, and at last it ended,
and each one retired to rest, and laid him down on fair white sheets.
But I who had lady and mistress, and who in my heart felt the torment of
the desire to be loved of her with the which I was consumed, spake thus
under my breath:—



ROUNDEL


    Laughing grey eyes, whose light in me I bear,
    Deep in my heart’s remembrance and delight,
    Remembrance is so infinite delight
    Of your brightness, O soft eyes that I fear.

    Of love-sickness my life had perished here,
    But you raise up my strength in death’s respite,
    Laughing grey eyes, whose light in me I bear.

    Certes, by you my heart, I see full clear,
    Shall of desire attain at last the height,
    Even that my lady, through your sovereign might,
    May me continue in her service dear,
    Laughing grey eyes, whose light in me I bear.

And the day dawned, and what shall I tell concerning it? Wherefore
should I longer stray from my subject without good cause? On the morrow,
throughout the whole day, the esquires, who bore them fairly and well in
every way, likewise jousted. And there were also twenty, clad all in
green, who maintained the combat, and the ladies assembled to watch
them, and to bestow the prizes. And there were twenty damsels there,
apparelled in green, and they wore golden chaplets on their tresses, and
were all very noble ladies, comely, and fair to look on. And during the
encounter, many high-saddled chargers were overthrown, and shields were
struck, and lances broken. And many a blow deserving of praise was given
and endured. But I will not stay me further to give a long account of
this, for it pleases me better to rehearse that for the sake of which I
began this story, and that which I thought and did and said in this love
affair, about the which at that time I made great dole.

For three whole days—this is no fable—the pleasing festival dured, at
the which all were made welcome and at their ease. Then the revel ended,
but my lady departed not for the space of a whole month. I besought of
him who was her lord to grant this, and he granted it, and if that I had
dared, right willingly would I have made a recompense unto him for this.

And you may know right well what joy I must needs have had from this
pleasing sojourn. Each hour my only care was to devise perfectly how I
could best give her diversion.

And on a day I caused baths to be made ready, and the stoves to be
heated, and the tubs to be placed in white pavilions in a fitting spot.
And it chanced that I went thither when my lady was in the bath, and she
received me not with pleasure, but I had perfect joy when I looked upon
her fair flesh as white as a lily. Greatly did this delight me, as you
who hear tell of it can well believe. On another day we went to the
chase, and on another we descended down to the river to fish. In
suchwise did we pass the whole month, following many gladsome pursuits.

But know that in the midst of this my happiness, love bound my heart in
its toils more firmly than ever, and laid so violent hold on it, that a
great desire to be loved was so kindled within me, that, ere the
festival was ended, never did any other miserable being endure such
stress of mind. No happiness had I if I could not see her and gaze
constantly upon her, of the which I never wearied, for, as it seemed to
me, never could I be enough in her presence, and moreover this mood made
me so to crave after her kindly goodwill, that dolour laid grievous hold
on me, and you may well believe that I was not skilled enough to know
how wholly to hide the grievous sorrow I endured. And albeit I would not
discover my thoughts to either man or woman, ne’ertheless so troubled
was I in mind, and in such great tumult, that, in spite of myself, my
face revealed my state.

I was now pensive, now merry. And like unto one forsaken, I ofttimes
wept so bitterly, that I seemed to myself like to die in grievous sorrow
from despair and from loss of the hope of ever gaining her love;
wherefore I paled, and trembled, and reddened, and oft changed colour,
and sweated from fear, and became disquieted, so that at times my
courage altogether failed me, and then it oft happened that in bed I
became quite calm. I neither drank nor ate meat with relish, nor could I
in anywise sleep, the which threw me into such state, that I grew worse
and worse. And no one knew what ailed me, for in nowise would I speak to
any one of my condition, nor for my life would I confess it even to her
whom I loved. Ne’ertheless she ofttimes enquired of me what ailed me,
and bade me tell unto her my condition, and hide it not from her, and
that I should speak to her without fear, for I must not doubt me that
she would do all that in her lay to ease me.

Thus longwhiles my lady comforted me, but ne’ertheless I dared not, for
all the gold in the world, make known or confess unto her the load which
my heart bare, and thus, in deep thought, I wept and sighed.

And at that time I became so filled with love, that I know not what more
to say concerning it, save that I had troublous and painful acquaintance
with it, and from that time lacked the quiet and pleasurable peace of
mind which aforetime I enjoyed, and plunged my heart into another peril,
for I came to reject all solace, and to make of sorrow my very pitiless
guest. Longwhiles did I remain in this state, without daring to pray for
mercy, for fear of refusal. And thus, bewailing my ill-fortune, I made
complaint in these words:—



BALLAD


    Love, I had not ever thought
    Thou would’st bid thy servant share
    Grief to which all else is naught,
    Grief whereunder I despair:
    Thus unfaltering I declare
    That in death I pass away
    If thy saving grace delay.

    In a burning passion caught
    I grow faint, and may not bear
    All the torment it hath wrought:
    Thine the fault, be thine the care!
    Loose me from this evil snare!
    Other help is none to pray,
    If thy saving grace delay.

    Rather had I death besought,
    (So without deceit I swear),
    Since my heart is all distraught
    With thy flame enkindled there.
    Murmuring is not mine to dare:
    I must perish as I may,
    If thy saving grace delay.

    Love, with gladness meet my prayer,
    Cleanse my soul and make it fair,
    Since in sorrow I must stay
    If thy saving grace delay.

[Illustration: _And at the end of the month it behoved my mistress ...
to quit the castle_]

And at the end of the month it behoved my mistress, by reason of whom I
lived in anguish, to quit the castle afore-named, for no longer could
she remain there, and so she departed. Then was I truly in grievous
plight, since I lost from sight the very perfect fair one without whom I
could not live. Now was all my happiness ended, for longwhiles had I
been used to look on her, and to be with her, at all times. But now it
befell that perchance three months or four would pass ere I should hear
of her, or see her, the which was very grievous unto me to endure. And I
so grieved over the past, and felt such dolour at her departure, that I
lost my colour, my judgment, my demeanour, and my self-command. Thus I
believe that, as it might well be, many folk perceived my yearning,
about which they made gossip, the which caused her disquiet. And so much
did this weigh upon me, that I thought to die of grief. And when I heard
it noised abroad that I loved my fair lady, my grief was the more
increased, for, because of this, I had suspicion that this great
friendship made discord between me and her friends, and this grief
caused me very dire distress, for I much feared me that she was
constrained to leave because of this, and so much did this disquiet me,
that I know not how to tell of it. Howsoever, as far as in me lay, I hid
my sorrowful anger better than was my wont, and, enduring great grief,
sighing, I uttered these words:—



BALLAD


    Now in good sooth my joy is vanished clean,
    And all my gladness changed to grievous ire:
    What profits it, dear flower! since I have seen
    Thy going hence, that I could never tire
      When thou wast here
    To greet thee every day in every year?
    Delight that was is grown disaster fell:
    Alas! How can I bid thee now farewell!

    My love, my choice, my lady and my queen,
    For whom my heart is kindled in desire,
    What shall I do when love from what hath been
    Taketh the gold and leaveth me the mire?
      Nor far nor near
    Is comfort found, nor any pleasant cheer.
    Gone is thy beauty, that did all excel:
    Alas! How can I bid thee now farewell!

    Thine is the deed, O evil tongue and keen!
    Forged for my fate upon an anvil dire:
    Fortune, that loveth not my hand, I ween,
    Nor yet my pen, did in the task conspire.
      No help is clear
    Save Death, when God shall grant him to appear;
    Else thou alone could’st win me out of hell.
    Alas! How can I bid thee now farewell!

      Ah, simple and dear!
    At least behold me and my mourning drear.
    Thy loss is torment more than I can tell.
    Alas! How can I bid thee now farewell!

And the day of departure came, and my lady set forth, and I verily
believe that she would have still delayed her going if she had dared,
but it was meet for her to do her lord’s will, since it behoved her to
guard his good name. And she gave thanks to all, and took her leave, and
set out on her way.

And I, unhappy being, who attended her, rode beside her litter, and the
fair one, who could well perceive how that, without disguise, I loved
her with a true love, looked at me fixedly with so tender a glance, that
methinks she desired to cheer my drooping heart, which was sad, and
moreover she might perchance have conversed with me but that on her left
hand there rode another, who came so nigh unto us that we were not free
to say aught which he might repeat, for the which I hated him fervently,
and I saw well that I should oft have to endure much vexation.

In such manner we rode for a day and a half, until that we were come to
her dwelling, but in nowise did the journey seem long to me, but quickly
ended, and in truth it wearied me not, albeit I verily suffered. And I
would have taken my leave of her, but her Lord, making much false
pretence of welcome, endeavoured to detain me, but I knew from his
demeanour that he was beside himself on account of me. And this jealousy
had been put into his head by one who was at our feast, and to whom I
had afterward made a recompense, and never did I think that he would
keep watch on her. This caitiff had the charge of the fair one whom I
worshipped, and for whom I was dying of grief. So I took my leave, and
went on my way, and out of regard for my sovereign lady I dissimulated,
and hid the sorrow that was mine, and never did any eye discover that
which was such grievous pain to me, and scarce could I restrain my
feelings. But this was needful for fear of the slanderer, and so I
departed, saying:—



BALLAD


    Farewell, my lady dear and dread,
    Farewell, of all sovereign and queen,
    Farewell, perfect and sacred head,
    Farewell, who dost all honour mean,
    Farewell, true heart, loyal and clean,
    Farewell, best flower the world doth bear,
    Farewell, yet not farewell, O white and fair!

    Farewell, O wise, that no ill said,
    Farewell, river that made life green,
    Farewell, in whom fame harboured,
    Farewell, voice that all ears could win,
    Farewell, solace of all my teen,
    Farewell, whose grace is wide as air,
    Farewell, yet not farewell, O white and fair!

    Farewell, soft look that through me sped,
    Farewell, more fair than Helen queen,
    Farewell, body and sweet soul wed,
    Farewell, thou most gracious demesne,
    Farewell, pole-star, joyous and keen,
    Farewell, fountain of valour rare,
    Farewell, yet not farewell, O white and fair!

    Farewell, Princess of noblest mien,
    Farewell, thou aweing smile serene,
    Farewell, without fault, sin’s despair,
    Farewell, yet not farewell, O white and fair!

Thus did I commune with myself, and, sighing, I departed, and made great
haste to reach my dwelling. And I was weighed down and troubled with
grievous sorrow when I no longer saw there her whom I had dared choose
as my lady, and whom my heart held so dear.

Now I made known at the beginning how that I desired to be a lover, and
to be gentle, and how love wounded me with his dart, of the which my
heart will never be healed, and as I have spoken of the ill that came to
me from that time, so is it meet that I tell you of the good. And this
distemper increased, by reason of which my strength diminished, so that
in a little I grew pale, and thin, and sad, and ofttimes sighed from
grief, for no solace had I, since I knew not how to discover any good
way to see my sweet lady, and, certes, so much did I fear her rebuke,
that I dared not approach her, however grievous it was, and this plunged
me into tears, and troubled me. Thus I was sick a-bed, and then I
uttered this ballad:—



BALLAD


    Since, O my Love, I may behold no more
    Thy sovereign beauty that was all my cheer,
    My heart is given up to sorrows sore:
    For though the wealth of all the world were here,
    There is no ease but in beholding thee
    Who art afar! Whence I of tears am fain
    Mourning the happy days that used to be:
    Yet unto none but thee may I complain.

    Doubt not of this, true love whom I adore,
    Thine image in my soul is ever clear:
    I think but on the blessedness of yore
    And on thy beauty, simple-sweet and dear.
    So fiercely smiteth love, I may not flee
    Nor may my soul the dread assault sustain:
    Death could not bring a sorrier weird to dree,
    Yet unto none but thee may I complain.

    Alas! one only mercy I implore.
    When I am dead (as I to death am near)
    Pray for me, and thy praying shall restore
    My wounded spirit: shed one tender tear—
    Great were my comfort if my piteous plea
    Might touch thy heart, if sorrow might constrain
    Thy lips to sigh, such need of sighs have we.
    Yet unto none but thee may I complain.

    Sweet flower, to whom I do abandon me,
    My heart is broken down with bitter pain
    For one whom Fortune would not have me see:
    Yet unto none but thee may I complain.


      Here is set forth how the Lover made Complaint
      unto his Friend

[Illustration: _Comment l’amant se complaint a son compaignon_]

Thus did my sorrow increase until my heart endured very grievous
torment, and without doubt this sore trouble would have killed me if God
had not betimes brought back my kinsman of the whom I have made mention,
and who delivered me from destruction. And when he was come back from
the country, he well perceived and understood from my countenance the
sorrow which possessed me. Thus he found me very sick and without
colour, the which caused him great disquiet. And he came to me as soon
as ever he was able, and I was o’erjoyed when I heard his voice, for
right dearly did I love him. And he wept when he saw me thus grown
worse. And I drew him near to me, and embraced him lovingly, and he said
to me, “My God, what a face! Is there cause for it? In good sooth you
must tell me truly of your state, without reserve, and naught must you
conceal from me of your condition which you would not do from a priest
to whom you would make confession, and, certes, very foolish would you
be to keep sealed up in your heart the trouble which robs you of your
peace of mind and your health. So much have I frequented the world, that
I perceive and understand your sorrow, for I have been in danger of the
like malady. This is not sickness; rather is it passion, for doubtless
such love has come to you as consumes you like as fire does straw. Of
this, naught have I to learn of you. And greatly do you misconceive our
close fellowship if you fear that in aught I would betray you, and that
I would not screen you more than I would myself. When you have told unto
me the trouble which has cruelly taken possession of you, doubtless you
will find your grief diminished, for very great hurt comes to him who
suffers from love-sickness without speaking of it to any one. Therefore
tell me the whole matter, my dear cousin, my lord and my master, without
keeping aught back, or, if you do not so, for longwhiles will I go into
Germany, for believe me that it grieves me not a little to see you thus,
and not a whit can I rest.”

And when this one, who held me dear, had thus, to the utmost of his
power, urged me to make confession unto him of my inmost thoughts, his
gentle speech so touched and melted my heart, that I began to sob and to
weep piteously enough to kill me, since it seemed as if I neither ought
nor could tell unto him the grief which everything caused me. And he,
cast down and sad by reason of the trouble from the which he saw that I
suffered, out of great compassion wept bitterly, and began freely to
make offer to me of himself and his possessions for to make me happy,
and in every way, no matter how great it was, he strove to this end, and
without ceasing he strongly counselled me rather to take comfort, and to
weep no more, since this was neither reasonable nor dignified.

In suchwise did my good friend exhort me to be happy once more. Then I
at once made him answer, “Sweet cousin and friend, I know well that you
have great love for me, even as I, forsooth, have for you, therefore it
is meet that we conceal not from one another our joys, or our
misfortunes, or aught beside. Therefore I will tell unto you truly all
my state, although to none other, however much I loved him, would I
speak of it. You know, very sweet cousin, and you have in remembrance,
how that we went together, not long since, to a place nigh unto this,
where we met with a lady whose coming I have since paid dearly for, for
from that time my very simple youthfulness has left me, and, without
intent to do me harm, love has brought this trouble upon me, from the
which I am dying, but in nowise must I blame any one, for truly no lady
is there who is her equal in beauty, in prudence, or in worth. And you
know how that I devised our festival, the which was gorgeous, and that
all this was for love of her. And after the feast was ended, I besought
of him who is her lord, to allow my sweet lady to remain all the summer
at our castle for her diversion and pleasure, and to hunt in the forest,
the which was green then, and is so still. And you know that he
willingly gave consent, but you stayed not, methinks, three whole days
after that, for you soon departed thence, but life was joyous to me
because of my lady whom I saw the while without hindrance. But, with
intent to make me sorrowful, misfortune, which busies itself with
bringing much hurt to lovers, caused one, whom may hell-fire consume, to
keep watch on my doings, and this one, like unto one full of malice,
well perceived my state (for I was very inexperienced), and that my
heart was altogether in bondage to her. In nowise do I know how he was
able to perceive it, for, to deceive every one in this affair, I took
much pains to dissemble, and so much the more frequented the company of
other ladies, and never did I discover my thoughts to any one, nor did I
even speak of them to her whose liegeman I am, and who wots not aught of
that which weighs heavily on me. And this disloyal one noised abroad
such report, that her jealous lord constrained the fair lady to depart
without more delay. Wherefore, if I had not feared me to bring dishonour
upon her, I would have made him who brought this about to feel regret
for it, and greatly to repent it, and to experience my vexation and
displeasure. Thus have I lived in distress for the space of three
months, and sooner would I die, so as to be delivered from this sad
grief, than live thus, since I can no longer see her, albeit she has
since, of her grace, made enquiry regarding my state, and has caused me
to know that in a little while I may count upon seeing her, although I
must not let this be known, and that a time will come when a change in
affairs will come about, and that I must be of good cheer. So I know, or
at least bethink me, that my dear lady perceives and knows without doubt
that I love her sincerely, but scarce can I endure the strain of the
longing which possesses me, for greatly do I long for her. Ne’ertheless
I have since seen her, though unknown to others, for I disguised me so
that I might not be recognised, and, from a distance, I have seen her
pass by. Thus you can understand that I have since lived in such grief
that a speedy death has been my only desire. But I see not how either
you or any other can succour me, for it is not possible that this
jealous one, with his spies, would not discover it, and be assured that
I must either endure this or die, but if that you will give heed for a
while, you will understand wherefore it behoves me to rejoice over this
grievous experience of love, and how I maintain this in my song.



BALLAD


    Thou, O Love, the traitor art!
    Tender once as any may,
    Then the wielder of the dart
    That is pointed but to slay.
    Thee with reason, by my fay,
    Double-visaged we declare:
    One is as the ashes grey,
    But one is as an angel fair.

    Loth am I to find my part
    In the night without a ray,
    Yet desire hath stung my heart
    And I sigh in sorrow’s sway.
    Gentle hope will never stay
    In the mansions of despair:
    One to death would point the way,
    But one is as an angel fair.

    Hope might in my spirit start,
    Death thy servant bids her nay:
    While beneath thy scourge I smart,
    Doleful still must be my lay,
    Since to set my steps astray,
    Thou at once art wheat and tare:
    One is like a devil, yea,
    But one is as an angel fair.

    Love, thou teachest me to say
    Double tribute is to pay
    For thy servants everywhere:
    One is grievous, well-a-day!
    But one is as an angel fair.

Much did this ballad charm my cousin, but greatly was he distressed at
my grief, and in this manner did I, who never wearied of, or ceased
from, weeping, make an end to my discourse. And thereby my distemper was
diminished, but my cousin was forthwith angered when he saw me thus
discomforted. And he spake thus to me: “Alack-a-day! Right well do I
perceive that you possess little discretion and courage. What reason
have you, fair Sir, to demean you thus? Certes, you should be happy,
methinks, since your lady, by her messenger, makes promise to you of
solace at a fitting time. You are foolish when you relinquish the hope
which gives you comfort, for be assured that your lady is mindful of
your love, and that she longs to give you pleasure. How can such grief
enter your foolish thoughts, so as to allow you to be thus cast down and
to die of despair? Many a lover, without any hope of being loved by his
mistress, has longwhiles served in great anguish without any solace
either of soul or body, and not a single glance from her has he
received, nor has he dared to approach her for fear of slander. If you
have patience, and believe what I say, certes, you have but to make
plaint as I have done, and you will soon be able to attain your desire.
Since your lady takes pleasure in your doings, you may be assured that
no fear will be strong enough to restrain her. But however grievous it
may be, it may lead to your undoing that you have allowed so long time
to pass by without making her acquainted with your state. Very certain
is it that never will she importune you, and I know not wherefore you
were so foolish that, when you had opportunity, and were unhindered, you
spake not to her of all the love with the which you loved her, instead
of giving yourself up longwhiles to dreams!”

Then I forthwith made answer, “Alas, Cousin! I dared not, even if I had
fitting opportunity, for I was afraid, and so much did I fear her, that
I dared not tell her of it, even if I died because of this. For this
reason I faltered, and greatly do I repent me of it, but never had I the
courage to do it, for in her presence I was greatly disquieted, although
when I was alone I thought to myself that I would speak to her. And it
ofttimes happened to me thus, but, certes, I persevered not when I was
in her presence. The delight of her loving glance, the which was so
sweet to me, filled me with such great ecstasy, that it seemed to me
that she would perceive my distress of mind without my saying aught.”

Then my cousin made answer, “Foolish is the lover who hides from a lady
the love he bears her, for, on my soul, the delay may do him sore hurt.
But since you dared not speak to her because of the fear which possessed
you, as you know well how to write, wherefore do you not send her a
letter or missive? And I am still more surprised at your folly that,
when you received her messenger, you sent not back word to her of your
state since the time when you parted from her. And wherefore did you
delay? His coming was indeed timely had not your folly held you back,
and in this I without doubt speak the truth, for, since she so desired
to give you gratification that she took thought to hear news of your
doings, you can perceive that your love was in her thoughts. She must
indeed regard you as a novice since you sent not to her! Never a day let
fall from your lips a single word in anywise touching upon sadness, but
rather be cheerful, and leave all to me, and so well shall I know how to
deceive every one, that I am willing to become a monk if there is any
one on this earth who will be able to hinder you from seeing the fair
one without this ever being noised abroad, if she so wills it, and you
desire it. So grieve no more, but make glad countenance, for, without
preaching longer to you, I make promise and swear to you that ere the
week is passed, more than once shall you see your lady. And if God
guides me in this, verily shall I find out the way to accomplish this.”

Then, even as the light illumines the darkness, and the exceeding
brightness of the sun banishes the gloom, so was the cruel torment of my
suffering subdued and ended by this one, who so truly comforted me that
he filled me with joy and gladness, and stayed my grief, so that I had
naught left of the which to make complaint.

And in nowise did he make default, but when that an hour and a half was
gone by, he set forth to my lady. To be brief, he spoke prudently to the
fair one, and right gladly did he plead on my behalf, and of his own
free will he told unto her all the truth concerning my sad trouble, and
how that he had found me nigh unto death, and knew not whether I could
recover from the sickness the which constrained me not to stir from my
bed, and he told her all, and, in a word, that he could not comfort me.
Then he counselled her that, for God’s sake, she should not suffer one
so young to be placed in peril of death by reason of too great love of
her, and that she would be to blame if she were the cause of my death.

In such manner did he, by his gentle and wise speech, entreat my lady to
feel pity for the sickness from the which I was languishing on account
of her, since never did I waver in the desire the which brought misery
unto me and made me long to see her. And he told me that when he had
ended his discourse, he saw that the fair one, who was very silent, was
pale as death, and of very sad countenance, and he well perceived from
her demeanour that my sickness grieved her, and aroused her compassion,
but she ne’ertheless desired it to appear quite otherwise. And she spake
in this wise: “This is a strange thing that you tell unto me, fair Sir,
that my cousin and yours is in this state. By the Apostle Paul, scarce
can I believe that he could ever have thought on this! Good God, that
this should have entered his thoughts! But if this be so, doubtless it
is naught but youthfulness and great lack of prudence which plunges him
into sadness, and, with God’s help, in a little while this will pass
away. Turn him from this if you can, and counsel him that he put an end
to it, and turn his thoughts elsewhere, for never could he come near me
without great ill coming of it if that he were seen. I wot not how it
came to the knowledge of that spy (God curse him), by reason of whom I
have not the courage to speak to any living man, and if he were within,
I should not dare to hold converse thus with you. Since he discovered
that this young man had the daring to love me, he has filled my lord
with bitter anger, and has aroused such jealousy of me, that in nowise
do I dare speak to any one alone, and wheresoe’er I am, there the varlet
must be, and I have him ever at my heels, for he is set to keep watch on
me. And I fear me that all this is only because of suspicion of your
cousin, for he pays close attention to that which is said to me, and
ofttimes goes to the gate to see who enters here. And by God I swear to
you that, if it were not for qualms of conscience, I would have him so
well beaten by my kinsfolk that, unless he were very foolhardy, never
would he dare return to keep watch on me. And so that this espial, the
which is so irksome to me, might come to an end, I sent word to your
cousin, and urged him much that for awhile he would refrain from coming
hither, so that this spy might not see him, and that when this
watchfulness was somewhat abated, he could come to see us, and more he
could not look for. It indeed seems to me certain that it will come to
an end by degrees, and thus I believe that doubtless my lord will no
longer give thought to jealousy, so that he will soon be able to come
here, but sincerely do I believe that, if he has a care for me, it will
be better that he keep away, and come not here. Of a truth, as every one
bears witness, the love which dwells only in the imagination, fades
away.”

Thus strangely did she make answer, and not a word more did she utter
for my comfort. And he forthwith made answer in this wise: “You are so
full of compassion, my Lady, that, whatever you may say, I tell you
truly I believe not that you will leave him, who is wholly yours, to
perish both in body and soul. You have said that I can turn him from it.
Yea, truly, by rending his soul from his body! No other way do I know.
Certes, I have made every endeavour to divert him from it, but I tell
you, forsooth, that he will die if he is left without hope, and naught
will you have profited if his days are cut off through losing you.
Worthy Lady, give me your answer, for I care not a whit for the jealous
one, and never will his spies make use of such cunning that I shall not
altogether deceive them. But, since I perceive you pity him, grant him
this favour. I speak thus much of him to you so that you may be willing
that he come here with me, and I will apparel him duly and fittingly,
and will so much concern me with this, that he shall be recognised of
none provided you tell me how you would that he should deport himself in
order to see you. So hesitate no longer, for the matter moves too slowly
for him.”

And she said: “In nowise believe that I am so much his enemy that his
grief and his sorrow do not cause me much discomfiture, for you may know
of a truth that right well do I love him, and he is right in guarding
mine honour, and without delay I shall do all that should content him,
but I am not willing to say more now concerning this matter save that he
demean himself with prudence, and come not here as yet, but _you_ may
come ofttimes provided you hold but little discourse with me before this
spy. Let me know of your doings by one who is prudent, who shall go to
you. This messenger is loyal, I give you my faith, and if you and he
trust not one another, I shall be uneasy, for none other dare approach
me. And now we have discoursed together long enough, and we know not
whether we are being watched. So tell your friend that he may be joyous
and happy, and that you have so prevailed with me that, if violence does
not intervene, he will not fail in that which he asks for. Thus you will
commend me to him, and cheer him, saying that ere a week is gone by he
will be able to see much of me. And let us hold counsel together no
longer now, and do you trouble yourself no more about the matter. We
have indeed been fortunate in that we have not been disturbed whiles
that we have so long time discoursed together at our ease. Await,
however, my lord, who, as I well know, has not for long time had such
pleasure as he will have when he knows of your coming. Meanwhiles, we
will play at chess. We may amuse ourselves in this manner for a while.”

And then, without more ado, they forthwith commenced to play at a side
table. And at the end of the game the master and lord entered the
chamber. Then my cousin went towards him, and when the latter met him,
he gave him hearty welcome, and said that his coming was very pleasing,
and that he was welcome. In a word, without detaining you longer, he
treated him with great deference, and said that all that was his was at
his command, and that whensoe’er he stayed in those parts, nowhere else
must he lodge, but he must come there. This would give him happiness
above all things, but otherwise he would be displeased. And the latter
gave him much thanks for this. And on the morrow, after meat, he took
his leave and departed thence, and he hasted his return, for he knew how
I was longing for this and that it would bring me very great delight.

And when he was returned, he related unto me all that had happened to
him on his journey, and that he believed that my affairs would prosper
right well provided it were pursued yonder quickly and with skill,
wherefore, as he had made promise to my lady, he would have all things,
both great and small, under his ordering, since he had so agreed with
her. Thus did he tell and recount all to me.

Then much joy had I in my heart, the which had erewhile been in sorrow
which harassed it. But in order the sooner to advance my affair, he
advised me that in the first place I should write a letter, in the which
I should wholly set forth my condition, and how that love of her weighed
heavily upon me, and that she should hearken to the plaint of her slave
who besought her love and asked naught beside, and that I should put all
suchlike things in a sealed letter, and he would be the bearer of it for
to assuage my grief. And I trusted in him, and so I wrote a letter in
the which I set forth how it fared with me by reason of love of her, and
all that grieved me. And I enclosed two ballads with the letter, the
which I sealed, to the rehearsal of which give heed all you who incline
unto love.



_Sealed Letter_


        _To her who surpasses all, and whom my heart fears and
        worships_

    Lady, the flower of all of high degree, very renowned and
    revered princess, the desire of my heart, and the joy of my
    eyes, who art exalted above the consideration of the lowly, my
    much loved and coveted lady, deign, for pity’s sake, to hearken
    unto and to accept the sad plaint of your servant, who, since he
    is under restraint, is like to one who is nigh unto death, and
    who takes perilous remedies in order that he may either end his
    days or live. To you, very sweet Lady, who, by your refusal, can
    slay me, or, by the tender solace of your consent, can give me
    life, I come to entreat either swift death, or a speedy cure.
    Most beautiful one, I know well that you have such discernment
    that you have been able to perceive how that, because of you,
    love has longwhiles held me, and still holds me, in its toils,
    and how that the fear and dread with the which great love has
    filled my heart, has robbed me of the courage to tell you of it,
    sweet lady. And I know that you are so gracious, that if you had
    perceived and known all the pain and the torment which I have
    since suffered, and still endure, through desire for your tender
    love, then, albeit I have not yet performed enough deeds of
    valour, and have not enough of worth, to have deserved the love
    of even one of less noble birth than yourself, the gentle pity
    of your kindly heart would not have suffered me to endure such
    disquiet. Ah, Lady, if you have regard to your worth and your
    great renown for that, by reason of my youth, I have not yet
    been counted valiant, it will be my death! But, my honoured
    Lady, know that you can so strengthen me as to give me heart and
    courage to undertake and to achieve, according to my ability,
    all honourable things that the mind of a lover dare think on or
    do for love of lady. And, sweet Lady, and my goddess on earth,
    since you can, with much ease, greatly gladden him who loves and
    worships you as his most coveted possession, deign to recognise
    how that, by your tender solace, he may be saved from death, and
    life may be restored to him. And if you would ask or would know
    what has brought him to this, I tell you that it is your very
    sweet, pleasing, beautiful, laughing, and loving eyes. Ah, Lady,
    since it is by them that this cruel wound has been inflicted, it
    seems to me but just that it should be soothed and healed by the
    delight of your compassion. Therefore may it please you, very
    winsome and honoured Lady, to make me acquainted with your good
    pleasure, and whether you would that I die or recover. By no
    means would I weary you with a long letter, and be assured that
    I know not how to tell or to write fully how matters stand with
    me, but you will indeed come to know this, whether I win your
    love or not, for, if I fail in this, you will see me die, but if
    by good fortune I win it, the result will be seen in willing
    service. So I send you these two ballads here enclosed, the
    which may it please you to receive kindly. Very beautiful and
    fair one, whose praise I am not able duly to set forth, I pray
    God that He will vouchsafe to you as many favours and delights
    as the tears the which I have shed for love of you.—Written with
    a fervent and longing heart,

        Your very humble and obedient slave.



BALLAD


    Sweet Lady, fair and gentle without peer,
    Have mercy on me, who all thy words obey
    Body and soul do I abandon here
    Unto thy will, and humbly thus I pray:
      Come quickly nigh,
    Have pity, and cure my sickness when I cry:
    Oh, I beseech thee, graciously attend
    And so consent to take me for thy friend.

    To thee I give myself, O flower most dear.
    For mercy I beseech, and wilt thou slay?
    I charge thee by that Lord whom we revere
    To lift this wrong that crushes me away.
      No help have I
    From any other: leave me not to die!
    See, faithfully I serve thee to the end,
    And so consent to take me for thy friend.

    Seest thou not how I shed full many a tear:
    And if thy help for longer shall delay
    I am but shent, what need to speak more clear?
    Ah, love me, Love so holds me in his sway!
      Then hither hie,
    Be merciful, for near to death I lie:
    'Tis truth, thou knowest, I have no hope to mend,
    And so consent to take me for thy friend.

    Lady, I thank thee, and all my duty send,
    And so consent to take me for thy friend.



ANOTHER BALLAD


    In this sad world have pity, my lady dear,
    Dear to me more than any other there:
    Their pride you know not; let not gracious cheer
    Cheer me at so great cost, oh white and fair!
    Fare I thus ill, yet canst thou bid me see
    Seasons of solace that may comfort me.

    If for unfitness I be slighted here,
    Here am I dead, and arrows of despair
    Spare not to pierce my heart, and life grows drear,
    Drear as my brooding on the doom I bear.
    Bear witness, Love withholds in obduracy
    Seasons of solace that might comfort me.

    O loveliest one and sweetest, without peer,
    Peerless in honour, of all bounties heir,
    Ere I thy servant pine in sorry fear
    Fear not a kind and gentle guise to wear.
    Where shall I find, ’mid this deep dolorous sea,
    Seasons of solace that may comfort me?

    Dear Lady, grant in gracious courtesy
    Seasons of solace that may comfort me.

Thus as you have heard did I write to my lady, and by my letter I made
known to her my trouble, for to gain her solace. And my cousin bare the
letter. For awhile he remained on his guard, and carefully watched for
the time when he could safely have speech of her. And then he told her
of my letter, at the which she in nowise made complaint, but received it
gladly. And, smiling, she read the letter and the ballads twice or
thrice, and then the fair and gracious one said, “I will write in reply
to your cousin, and more I will not say to you now, but I will set me
about it. And whiles that I am so occupied, do you divert yourself with
chess, and checkmate my kinswoman here.”

Then she withdrew to an inner chamber with her secretary, who well knew
how to keep her counsel, and than whom she had none other more
confidential, and she commenced to express her thoughts in writing, and
composed the letter the which is here set forth.



_Reply of the Lady to the Afore-Mentioned Letter_


        To my Courteous Friend—

    My fair and courteous knight, may it please you to know that I
    have received your tender and loving letter and ballads in the
    which you make known to me that, unless you have speedy succour,
    you will die. So I write you this letter in reply. If you feel
    assured that it is on account of me that you are so ill at ease,
    I am heartily sorry for it, for I would not be the cause of
    sorrow to any one, and it grieves me the more in your case than
    in that of any other, since so long time have I known you. But
    when, dear friend, you ask of me to give you solace, I
    understand not the meaning of your request, but so that you may
    know my determination, be well assured that if you asked of me,
    or I discovered that you meant, aught that would be dishonouring
    or shameful, never would you obtain your desire, and wholly
    would I banish you from me. Of this you can be certain, for
    rather would I die than that, for aught in the world, I should
    consent to soil mine honour. But if so it be that the love of a
    lady, given honourably and without evil intent, can suffice you,
    you may know that I am the one whom love has made disposed to
    hold you in esteem, both now and for aye. And once again I make
    confession unto you that, when I know of a surety that your
    desire is satisfied with that which I am willing to grant, I
    shall think on you as my one dearly loved friend, if I see your
    loving purpose and goodwill continue. And if it be, as you have
    declared in your aforesaid letter, that I can be the means of
    your advancement in valour, I would ask of God no greater
    favour. Therefore be pleased to write to me all your wishes in
    the matter, but have a care, ne’ertheless, that no desire make
    you false in aught which may hereafter prove to be anyways
    contrary to that which you avouch, or wholly shall I banish you
    from me. So I would that you put away from you all melancholy
    and sadness, and be merry and contented and cheerful, but above
    all I charge and enjoin you to be discreet, and, as far as in me
    lies, I forbid you to concern yourself with the habit common to
    many of your age, the which is, not to know how to keep aught
    secret, and to make boast of being even more favoured than
    others. And have a care that you reveal naught to friend or
    companion, however intimate you may be, save what, for your aid,
    it is needful that your best friend should know. And if you do
    thus, and hold to it, you may be sure that love will in nowise
    fail to bestow its favour on you in large measure. My dear and
    good friend, I pray God to give you all that you can wish for,
    for methinks not that this is beyond what is seemly.—Written in
    gladsome mood,

        Your friend.

When this letter was finished, my lady arose, and returned to my cousin.
And she gave it to him, and told him that, despite its contents, I must
no longer be sad, and that she would take pains to heal me of my
sickness, and ere long would appoint a day, hour, and place, when I
could without fail have speech with her, and that she sent the letter to
me with the message that she trusted herself in my hands, and charged me
to be no longer ill at ease.

Then he gave her thanks, and departed, and on his return he related unto
me how gracious and good he had found my lady to be. And I, who awaited
him with the fierceness and fervour of a great longing, held out my
hands with joy, saying, “I thank Thee, my God, for Thy mercy to me.”

And he delivered the letter to me, and I, whom this filled with great
joy, straightway took it. And as soon as I had read it, I kissed it, I
think, an hundred times, and I read it, I assure you, not once only, but
more than twenty times, for never did I tire of this when I understood
its contents, the which cheered me. Wherefore I made merry, and ceased
to grieve, for I would be joyous, since my sweet lady so ordained. Thus
was hope wholly restored to me, and no longer had I fear of refusal as
had been my wont, but I desired to make answer to her letter. So I took
pen and paper, and pounce and ink, and withdrew me. Then gladly, and
without hindrance, I wrote in suchwise as I here set forth.



_To the Fairest of All_


        My very Honoured Mistress—

    Very fair and kind, and indeed I could, from the bottom of my
    heart, say, very loved, honoured, and coveted Lady, for whose
    sake love, through the charm of your beauteous eyes, has made me
    willingly become your true bondsman, and in whose sweet service
    I would, as far as I am able, even if not as far as I should do,
    unreservedly spend all my life, I give you thanks for your very
    gracious and pleasing letter, which, through the comfort of
    sweet hope, has imparted vigour and strength to my heavy-laden
    heart, the which was sorrowful and almost broken through despair
    of ever gaining your love. And, my much longed-for and honoured
    Lady, in answer to one of the matters you treat of in it, the
    which is that you understand not the meaning of my request,
    whilst on your part you would have me to know that you would
    rather die than that your honour were soiled, I tell you truly,
    very sweet Mistress, and give you assurance, that my wish is
    altogether and entirely like unto your own. Of a truth, if I
    could desire aught but your goodwill, in nowise could I hold you
    as the lady of my heart, nor myself as your liegeman. And
    touching your warning to me to take heed that I so demean me as
    not to make boast of aught which may afterward prove to be
    untrue, I verily make promise unto you, very gentle Lady, and I
    swear faithfully on my word of honour, that all my life long you
    shall find me such an one, and if in this I make default, I am
    willing, and bind myself, to be cut off from all joy, and to be
    counted as vile. And as to concealing my secret, and refraining
    from telling it to either companion or friend, save to the one
    from whom I may not hide it, be assured, sweet Lady, that of
    this I take good heed, and, as far as in me lies, neither in
    this, nor in aught beside, shall you find me wanting, and I give
    you thanks for your good counsel, kind Lady. And since I give
    you assurance on all matters which might embroil me, may it
    please you to perform that which you make promise of in your
    letter, the which is, that of your grace you will hold me as
    your one loved friend, and if in aught you find me disobedient,
    I am willing to be banished, and to accept great disgrace as my
    due, and may God never suffer me so much as to live if at any
    time I have desire to be false or untrue to you. And when,
    moreover, you say that it would give you pleasure to be the
    cause of my advancement, know, sweet Lady, that this could never
    come to pass save through you, for none but you can either save
    me, or be my undoing. Therefore, sweet Lady, may it please you
    to comfort me, and give me perfect happiness, by according to me
    your sweet love, and may you be willing to satisfy my famished
    heart and eyes by granting them opportunity to see your loved
    and much-desired self. And may you be minded to send me the very
    joyous news concerning this the which I long for. Sweet and
    winsome one, who art renowned above all others, I plead for your
    help more often than I can tell unto you, and I pray God to
    grant you a happy life, and the will to love me well.—Written
    right joyously, in the hope of better fortune,

        Your humble slave.

Thus did I finish my letter, and, at the end, I added a short ballad, so
that she might not be wearied in the reading. Therefore listen to the
device of it, for it is after a strange manner—



BALLAD


    Kind and fair Saint,
    My heart’s repose,
    Whose sweet constraint
    Doth all enclose
    That the world knows
    Of graciousness,
    Vouchsafe me grace!

    Fresh without taint
    As the new rose,
    This my heart’s plaint
    That overflows,
    Ere my breath goes,
    Pity and bless.
    Vouchsafe me grace!

    Ah, sweet dove pent,
    Shy dove, for whose
    Dear grace I faint,
    So my heart glows
    It dares disclose
    Love, Love, nought less.
    Vouchsafe me grace!

    Save thy heart close
    To longing’s throes,
    O Loveliness,
    Vouchsafe me grace!

And I despatched my letter by my cousin, and thus sent forth on his way
him whom I loved, imploring him to entreat of my lady that it might
please her that ere long I might have speech of her, else my wretched
and weary life would soon be ended.

And he tarried not until he was come to her dwelling. And there he was
in nowise denied, but was made very welcome. And he wisely restrained
him until he saw the fitting time to report his errand. Then he spake
well and wisely in my behalf, praying her that, for God’s sake, she
would no longer suffer me, who was dying of love, so to languish that
such hurt would ensue to me that I could not recover. Then he gave her
the letter, and she read it, and scanned it quite leisurely. To be
brief, she made answer that she well believed that I spake from the
bottom of my heart when I made request for her love, since dissimulation
was not usual in one so young, and she thought it certain, and without
doubt, that the jealous one would depart within three days, and would go
far away. And it seemed that at the same time all danger would be at an
end, and then we should be able to hold converse together without
hindrance, and, when she perceived it to be the fitting time, she would
that I should come secretly with my cousin in the evening, dressed as a
varlet, although she would have me to be concealed when I was come
there, so that neither stranger, nor kinsfolk, nor any save her
secretary, should know of it. And touching this, she would not fail to
make known by this one what she would that I should do, provided he
failed not to warn me to demean me so modestly towards her as not to do
aught to provoke her displeasure or reproach.

And he gave her full assurance of this, saying that she might be certain
of it, for rather would I die than venture to do aught contrary to her
will.

Thus he returned with this news, the which was so good and pleasing unto
me, that I seemed to myself to be in a very happy dream.

And I thought on this without ceasing, but the delay seemed long to me.
And she who held my heart in bondage forgot me not on the day on which
she had made promise to send to me. Therefore it behoved me to give
hearty welcome to the very distinguished messenger who brought to me the
pleasing news for the which I was longing, the which was that I should
go at nightfall to her to whom my heart went out, and who made known to
me by this one what she would have me do, and that I should speak of it
to no one save only to him who knew of it, and that he, and I, and her
secretary, should set out, and should take none other thither.

Then we set out quickly, and parted from our followers, discreetly
telling them not to be uneasy about it, but to be of good cheer, for it
was needful for us to arrange some business between us three, the which
would occupy us the whole day, and that we should return on the morrow.

And right joyously did we ride without drawing rein, and exactly at the
hour named, we arrived at the place where my dear lady sometimes
sojourned. And we dismounted without a torch, and then I divested me of
my tunic, and put on another one.

And my kind and prudent cousin went up undisguised, and I took charge of
the horses, and was careful not to be recognised. And on the instant he
invented the excuse that he was come there at that hour upon a pressing
matter the which had just arisen, and upon which he must without fail
speak unto the lord as soon as possible, for very great need made this
urgent. And he was told that he was not there, and would not return for
some months. And he said that great hurt would happen to him in
consequence.

Then my very sweet lady made haste, and came on a sudden to a lattice
window the which overlooked the courtyard. And she said, “What chance
brings my cousin here? Go and let down the bridge quickly. Thus shall I
learn what he wants. I know not but that some one sends me urgent news
by him.”

Then was my cousin escorted to her by two damsels. And when he was come,
she asked of him, after that he had saluted her, “Is any one dead, or
what brings you here so late? I have not seen you for a week. Tell me
what you want.”

Then he said that it was of no avail for him to remain since he had not
met with the lord and master, the which grieved him. Thus it was meet
that he return.

And she made answer that he must not do so, but must without fail make
all his affair known unto her.

Then he said, “My varlet, who holds my horses at the gate, must bring me
a letter the which I gave into his charge, and some one must tell him to
come without delay.”

And my lady, in a haughty manner, gave command to her secretary to do
this, and he, with much haste, put the horses into a stable, and then
escorted me up. And my cousin, who took great precautions, came to the
door of the chamber, and he turned him to me, saying, “Give me that
letter quickly.” Then he said to the secretary, “Let him be gone at
once, for there is naught beside for him to do here, and it is not
convenient for a varlet to remain in the chamber at this present.”

My cousin said all this for that a light was shining in the chamber, by
the which I might be recognised, and thus I should be found out.

And he took a long letter the which I had placed in my bosom, and then
he drew my lady aside, and, reading it, showed how weighty a matter was
set forth in it. Meanwhiles the secretary, as my lady had commanded him,
made me to withdraw without a light into the chamber, the which
communicated with that of my sweet and fair lady, of a lady who was
prudent, reserved, and without reproach, and who was acquainted with
everything.

And as soon as the letter had been read in the presence of all, my
cousin was bent on departing, and made semblance of great regret, but
she forbade him to go, and said that without fail he must remain there,
or she would make complaint of it to her lord, and thus she made him
tarry.

And she held long converse with him, and at length, so that this might
not create wonderment, she said that it was time to rest, and that there
was no cause for any one to keep watch in her chamber. And to the end
that there might be no suspicion or doubt wherefore he was come there at
that hour, his bed was made ready in a distant chamber, to the which he
was escorted to rest, and thither was he accompanied by the most trusted
of the esquires who had the charge of her within the castle, since they
no longer waited on her because of the hour.

Then without delay she disrobed her, and laid her down in the presence
of her gentlewomen, but not long did she remain there, but arose and
apparelled her, and made complaint that she suffered somewhat, and
because of this she would that a fire were prepared in the chamber where
I was. So I was hidden until that the serving-woman had made a fire in
the chamber.

Then my lady came wrapped in a long mantle, and she brought not with her
any of her waiting-women save one, the whom was the lady before
mentioned, whom she had chosen above all, and on whose breast she
leaned, and she dismissed the serving-woman to bed, for she said she
would not that she remained up, so that she might not be wearied. And
after she was gone, the door was bolted.

Then the lady came to fetch me, and led me to my lady. And scarce did I
salute her, for so perturbed did I feel, that I knew not where I was.
Ne’ertheless I said, “Sweet Lady, may God preserve you, both body and
soul.”

“Friend,” made she answer, “you are very welcome.”

Then she made me to sit down beside her, and as soon as I looked on her,
I became like one beside himself. And well did my lady perceive this,
and she received me with a kiss, for the which I many times humbly gave
her thanks.

And my lady, revered of my fearful and doubting heart, commenced to
speak after this manner. “Have I, who have caused you to come hither
thus secretly, done your will, fair Sir? Is this the deed of a friend?
In nowise deceive me now, but I earnestly entreat of you to tell me, if
you can, and whiles that you have opportunity, all your desire.”

Then all trembling with joy, sighing, I said, “Ah, sweet Lady! by my
troth I know not how to utter that which I would. Therefore, very dear
Lady, take it in good part, and recognise how that I am wholly yours,
both body and soul, and more I cannot say.”

And she drew nearer, and put her arm around my neck, and, laughing, she
spake thus. “It behoves me, then, to speak for us both, since you cannot
call to mind aught to say, and yet I verily believe that love bestows on
me so goodly a portion of his favours, that I trust I could in nowise
utter a single word concerning that which I presume you speak of, beyond
what it is meet for me to say.”

Then the other lady who was there began to smile, and she said aloud,
“Since I see you thus already in friendly accord in this matter, truly
do I perceive and know that love makes fools of the wisest.”

And my lady said to me, “My friend, since love has made us of one mind,
no longer is it needful to enquire if we love one another, and I well
believe that love claims us, or can claim us both, as his servants, the
which grieves me not. Ne’ertheless, dear friend, however much I trust
you in this matter, I would, notwithstanding, make known to you all my
will without concealing aught, and I know not what is your purport, but
I tell you that, whatever love you perceive in me, and whatever
semblance I may make, in word or look, of being trusting, pleased, or
mirthful, and although I may kiss or embrace you, never for a moment
must you imagine that I have the mind or the desire to do aught that is
dishonouring, or in the which I may not be in every way free from
reproach. Dear friend, I give you this warning, since never would I have
you to say that in the smallest degree I had surrendered myself to you,
for I swear that never will I do aught the which may tarnish mine
honour. And so, once for all, I swear to you, of a truth, that as soon
as I perceive, either from your demeanour or your look, that you cherish
other desires, never again shall you see me. I know not whether I err in
this, but I seek not to refuse you any other pleasure by the which it is
permitted to a lady to enslave her lover, and but that I should be
acting foolishly, and doing wrong to myself, I would surrender my heart
altogether to you, and would give up all that I possess for you to use
as you will, but I make promise unto you of loyalty and true friendship,
and am willing to prefer you above all others if that this will content
you, and this do I say truly. So tell me what you desire whiles that you
have time and the opportunity, for I would understand your purpose.”

And when she whom I revered had ceased speaking, I made answer, “Ah, my
Lady! Almost does it kill me to hear you speak thus. The love, the
goodness, and the favour which you extend to me, should well content me,
and I trust that you will never imagine that I am not willing to agree
to all that you command. And believe me truly that, as I wrote in answer
to your letter, I make promise unto you on my oath—and in this I perjure
myself not—I would that I should never be had in honour, but should
always be held disgraced, if that ever, for a single day, in deed, word,
or thought, I should do or think aught, either in secret or openly, the
which could displease you, and you may put me to the proof in such
manner as you will, for never will aught that your heart desires be
unwelcome to me, nor will it befall that aught which may be your wish
can grieve me, and thus it behoves me not to distress me concerning
this, for are you not my loved one? Is it not meet that I demean me
according to your will? When I shall be moved to do otherwise, may I be
destroyed, body and soul, and brought to ruin! Good God! how satisfied I
ought to be since I perceive that you love me, and call me your dear
friend! I possess that which I coveted, and naught beside do I strive
after, and I think myself well recompensed. And as you are disposed
alway to love me thus, I indeed perceive that there is no guile or
malice in your heart, and I bethink me, moreover, that I shall do such
service, that I shall be yet more loved by you. Therefore command me
even now, for I am your liegeman, and my heart is wholly pledged to you,
fair one. Declare now your pleasure, or send me whither you will, and I
will go, and will obey in all things, without opposing your humour. Thus
you can do as you will with me more than I know how to tell, and may God
watch over you, and reward you abundantly for that you thus make promise
wholly to love me. I ought not to speak ill of love, the which puts me
in the way of attaining to such great joy. Therefore, fair and kind one,
I give you humble thanks, for henceforth I shall wear the lover’s crown,
and I shall put away from me every evil habit, and take virtue into my
service, the which I would seek above all things, in order to be like
unto the valiant. Thus will you make me a wise and prudent man. In fine,
sweet Lady, I could not be more happy, however much I might say
concerning it.”

Then my lady, in whom dwells every grace, very tenderly embraced me, and
kissed me more than an hundred times. And I remained thus happy all the
night, and be assured, you lovers who hear this, that I was very
contented. Many tender words full of delight were spoken that night, and
she, in whom is all goodness, showed me how and where, in spite of every
one, I might see her very often. Thus I asked for naught beside, for I
had all that I desired. Ne’ertheless she earnestly charged me to be very
mindful of her honour, even if at any time I had to defer seeing her,
although the delay might cause annoyance, for I should put her in peril
if that I took not careful heed beforehand of the proper time to come,
and to depart when she admonished me.

Thus we passed the time, but shortwhile dured the night for me. And when
the day was come, the which grieved me, embracing and kissing me an
hundred times, and giving me sweet loving glances, she said, “Farewell,
dear love.” And she bolted me in there all alone, and retired to her
room. And, later, dressed as a page, I was released by the astute
secretary, who was in the secret, and albeit I was not versed in the
business, I resumed my former office, for, as he well said, it was meet
for one who received so sweet a recompense, to take charge of the horses
at the gate, and doubtless I would not wish to busy myself in any other
office, and ofttimes did I take upon myself this pleasing service. Thus
you see how it is sometimes needful for a master to turn varlet, and
perchance in this manner he ofttimes comes by that which he desires.

And my cousin no longer remained dreaming, but arose betimes
noiselessly, for he would not that any who slept should be awakened, and
he had taken his leave of my lady yesternight. And he went out. And I
awaited him, and led the horses to and fro like a good and trained
varlet, and he said, “Come hither, fellow. How an-angered I could be
with you when you lean on the saddle-bow!” Thus did he speak before
those present, for some knights and men-at-arms would fain escort him to
his dwelling, and they blamed him in that he had not more of his own men
with him, but he assured them that, for a certain reason, he had done it
quite designedly. He had thought to find the lord there, for never in
his life had he had greater need or desire to speak with him. And then
he desired that none should accompany him. And he set out on his way.

And so we departed, and as we rode, we held much friendly and gracious
converse together, for the pleasing remembrance which I had on my return
of the sweet joy which had comforted me, gave me so great solace, that
no one could have had greater joy of aught. And we were quickly come to
our journey’s end, so much did we spur our horses, but I had put on my
tunic again. Then, as soon as they perceived us, my retainers, who loved
me and held me in esteem, received us with great delight, and we also
were glad, and with great joy sang, in cheerful refrain, this quite new
virelay:—



VIRELAY


    Sweet, in whom my joy must be,
    Now my heart is full of glee
    For thy love: and loosed from care
    All my song is, “Lady fair,
    Living I consume for thee.”

    But thy gentle love hath sent
    The fair comfort that I need:
    I therewith am well content.
    Gladness doth my spirit lead.

    Rightly am I glad, pardie!
    For of old my jollity
    Drowned in woes I had to bear:
    Of thy help when I was ware
    Gone was all my misery,
    Sweet, in whom my joy must be.

    Since the day that thou hast lent
    Thy dear heart, my life is freed
    From the sorrows I lament:
    Peace and gladness are my meed.

    Lady, love despatcheth me
    Succour sweet, who thus am free
    From my sickness: pale despair
    Rules no longer when I share
    Hope that I thy face may see,
    Sweet, in whom my joy must be.

Now have I recounted unto you how that in the first instance I was
surprised and subdued by love, and was afterward grievously constrained
by great longing, and how my dear kinsman gave himself much trouble,
with the result that I was delivered from my trouble by my lady, who had
mercy on me, thanks be to her. And I will tell how that from that time I
went to and fro. Thenceforth I was happy even as you have heard, and
because of the joy which I had, I devised this ballad:—



BALLAD


    In all the world is none so happy here
    Nor is there any joy to match with mine,
    Since she that hath no rival and no peer
    Doth mercifully to my suit incline.
    Her slave am I till death, for all my pain
    In very truth hath met with guerdon meet:
    She was my help on whom I called amain,
    For she hath granted me her love so sweet.

    Fair queen, in whom all nobleness is clear,
    Thou would’st not have me for thy presence pine:
    Nay, bid me cry in every lover’s ear,
    “Thirsty was I for Love’s immortal wine!”
    Not all my weeping might the gift obtain,
    Yet she, enthroned on beauty’s mercy-seat,
    Hath pardoned all: too soon did I complain
    For she hath granted me her love so sweet.

    Now to delight returns the torrent drear
    That of my mourning was the sorry sign:
    Now am I joyous and of merry cheer,
    More than aforetime in her grace divine.
    Love bade me follow in his chosen train
    Where gladness walks beside my lady’s feet,
    Nor any loss is mingled with my gain,
    For she hath granted me her love so sweet.

    Princess of love, my sorrow I disdain
    Since out of mourning cometh joy complete
    By grace of her who is love’s suzerain,
    For she hath granted me her love so sweet.

So I demeaned me prudently and wisely, and I desired to have apparel and
horses and beautiful things in much plenty, and great pains did I take
to make me acquainted with all matters which become honest folk, and, as
far as I was able, I avoided those which are unworthy, and I always had
the desire to increase my fame, to the end that my lady might hold
herself loved of a brave man. Thus I spared no pains to become rich, in
order to dispense freely, and it appeared as if I made no count of
riches.

But to shorten my story, I tell you truly that none other thought had I
than to follow in the path of true lovers, and oft, thank God, did I
come to enjoy the welcome favours the which Love and Dames dispense to
those who are faithful to them, for I well knew how to compass this,
although it became expedient to be very careful where I saw my sweet
goddess each week, so that no one, save those who were trusted, should
come to know of it. And the first time that I returned to her, I took
her this new ballad, the which greatly pleased her, and I brought back
one from her.



BALLAD


    Command of me, my Lady and my queen,
    All thy good pleasure, as I were thy slave,
    Which I shall do with glad and humble mien
    That whatsoe’er thou willest, thou may’st have.
      I owe no less
    Being bound thereto for so great pleasantness,
    More than to other lovers may betide:
    For sweeter are thy gifts than all beside.

    Thy love delivered me from dule and teen,
    All that was needful to my soul it gave:
    Is there not here in truth good reason seen
    Thy love should rule the heart thy love did save?
      Ah, what mistress
    So guerdoneth her servant with largess
    Of love’s delight? The rest have I denied,
    For sweeter are thy gifts than all beside.

    Since such a harvest of reward I glean,
    Love in my heart hath risen like a wave:
    Thy slave am I, as I thy slave have been,
    While life shall last. Ah, damsel bright and brave,
      Sweet patroness
    Of spirit and strength, and lady of noblesse,
    All other comfort doth my heart deride,
    For sweeter are thy gifts than all beside.

      Most dear princess
    Of joy thou art the fount, as I confess:
    I thirst no longer, but am satisfied,
    For sweeter are thy gifts than all beside.

Ere I parted from this very sweet being, I received an answer to my
ballad, the which gave me more than a little very ardent rapture, for
the enchanting fair one, whilst reading it, put her arms about my neck.
And here it is:—



BALLAD


    Ever blessed be the day,
    Be the place and be the dwelling,
    That hath ended my delay,
    Shown the truth I shrank from telling.
      Dear friend, behold
    My love is yours, a costlier gift than gold:
    To Love be praise, that first the bond hath knit,
    For I am filled with perfect joy from it.

    Since I yielded to thy sway
    When thy heart with grief was swelling,
    Swiftly speeding as he may
    Joy is come, my care dispelling:
      Now am I bold
    To give thee love, that guerdons manifold
    May heal thee from thy sorrow every whit,
    For I am filled with perfect joy from it.

    So my soul, with God for stay,
    The new blissful years foretelling,
    Finds in thee, for whom I pray,
    Grace and gladness all excelling.
      I that of old
    Gave thee but sorry cheer and comfort cold,
    Am straightway turned to serve thee, as is fit,
    For I am filled with perfect joy from it.

      When I had told
    My love, my heart was yours to have and hold:
    To grief I yield not, nor to blame submit,
    For I am filled with perfect joy from it.

In suchwise was happiness granted to me, even as you hear, and I pursued
it with joy and gladness. But fortune, who is ready, whensoe’er she can,
to do harm to lovers, straightway thought to do me very grievous hurt,
as I will relate in a few words.

It chanced, in a short while, that the lady who knew of our love, and
who concealed our doings, had business at home, from the which loss
would happen to her inheritance if she did not go there forthwith,
wherefore, sad and sorrowful, she departed from the Court. And as for
me, this caused me great grief, for I well knew that my lady would essay
naught without her. And on this account I was much distressed, for,
certes, I could in nowise rest without seeing her. And my lady knew this
well, and I am persuaded that it was not otherwise with her. So she then
bethought her of a lady who had likewise been in her service all her
life, and who was prudent and discreet, and good, loyal, and reserved,
although no longer did she live at Court. So she resolved to inquire of
her if she was willing to return. Therefore without delay she wrote this
letter to her, and received an answer from her.



_The Duchess_


        _To my very dear and good friend_,
          _The Lady of La Tour_.

    _Very dear and kind Friend_,—Concerning my estate, be pleased to
    know that I am in health, and I pray God to grant the same to
    you. I write to you because of the desire which I have to see
    you, and to speak with you, for I have not forgotten the good
    and faithful service which you have alway rendered me, for the
    which I hold myself so much bounden to you, that I can never
    repay it. And be sure that you have a friend in me, and you can
    put this to the proof whensoe’er you will. Dear lady and friend,
    you well know how that I am controlled, and held in great
    subjection and fear, and am harshly treated, and that my lot is
    a very hard one, and allows me but little happiness, and that I
    have no friend to whom I can make plaint and tell my secret
    thoughts, the which I would not make confession of to any save
    to you, from whom I would not hide aught any more than I would
    from my confessor, for I know you to be so loyal, that I can
    trust in you. You must know, therefore, that it is a very
    grievous sorrow to a young heart always to live in disquiet, and
    devoid of happiness. So I would that you were near me, and I
    would tell you of very pleasing things, concerning the which,
    with good reason, I do not write to you. And thus I have great
    need of your aid and good counsel, wherefore I pray you, by all
    the love you bear me, that, as soon as you have read this
    letter, you so arrange your affairs that you may be ready to
    come to me within a week from this, and I will send to fetch you
    with all due honour. And do not be in anywise troubled about
    leaving your household, for I pledge you my faith to make so
    liberal recompense, that it will alway be to the advantage of
    you and yours. And I pray you not to fail me in this, and to
    send me, by the bearer of this letter, your favourable reply. I
    commend me to your daughter-in-law. Dear, kind friend, may the
    Holy Spirit have you in His keeping.

        _Written in my Castle, the eighth day of January._

And my lady despatched a messenger, and sent this letter to the lady
whom she wholly regarded as her friend, and whom she much loved. And she
sent a reply, the which disquieted me, for it was very much to my
prejudice, and in this manner did she counsel her:—

    _My very revered Lady_,—In the first place I send you my very
    humble respects, and may it please you to know that I have
    received your very loving and tender letter, for the which, with
    all my unworthy heart, I thank you, and in the which you do me
    so great honour as to have in remembrance the trivial services,
    in nowise worthy of your honoured and noble self, which I
    rendered you in the past, and thus I am beholden to you more
    than I can ever deserve. As concerns my going to you at this
    present, I very humbly beseech you, my very dear Lady, to hold
    me excused, for, on my faith, my daughter is so grievously sick
    that on no account can I leave her, and God knows how I am
    troubled because of her sickness. But since, my very revered
    Lady, I cannot hold speech with you as soon as I would, and I am
    bound to counsel you as to your conduct, as one who has been
    under my guidance from childhood until now, however unworthy I
    have been of this, methinks I should be wrong if I kept silence
    touching that which I knew might bring any trouble upon you if I
    failed to make it known to you. Wherefore, dear Lady, I write
    what follows, for the which I very humbly entreat of you in no
    way to bear me ill-will, for you may be assured that very great
    love, and the desire that your great renown and honour may ever
    increase, moves me to this. My Lady, I have heard certain
    rumours touching your conduct which grieve me from the bottom of
    my heart because of the fear I have of the ruin of your good
    name, to the which, as it seems to me, they tend, for it is
    right and fitting for every princess and high-born lady, since
    she is exalted in honour and estate above others, to exceed all
    others in goodness, wisdom, manners, disposition, and behaviour,
    to the end that she may be an ensample by the which other dames,
    and even all womankind, should regulate their conduct. And thus
    it is meet that she be devout toward God, and have a tranquil,
    gentle, and calm demeanour, and in her diversions be restrained
    and without excess, that she laugh with moderation and not
    without cause, and have a stately carriage, modest look, and
    dignified bearing, with a kindly response and a courteous word
    for every one, her dress and attire rich but not too affected,
    gracious in her welcome of strangers, in speech restrained and
    not too familiar, not hasty in judgment or fickle, never
    appearing harsh, capricious, or ill-humoured, or too difficult
    to serve, humane and kind to her waiting-women and servants, not
    too haughty, in giving bountiful within reason, knowing how to
    recognise those who are the most worthy in goodness and
    prudence, and her best servants, and to draw all these to her,
    and recompense them according to their deserts, not trusting or
    putting faith in flatterers, but recognising them, and driving
    them from her, not lightly believing gossip, not given to the
    habit of whispering either to stranger or to intimate friend in
    any secret or solitary place, and in particular not to any of
    her retainers or serving-women, so that none may be able to
    think that he knows more than another of her private affairs,
    never saying in jest to any one whomsoever, in the presence of
    others, aught which may not be understood of all, so that those
    hearing it may not imagine there to be some foolish secret
    between them, and keeping herself neither too much confined to
    her chamber, or to herself, nor too much in the sight of other
    folk, but sometimes retiring, and at other times appearing
    before others. And although the foregoing conditions, and all
    other usages befitting a noble princess, were aforetime observed
    by you, you now act quite otherwise, it is said, for you amuse
    yourself much more, and have become more communicative and
    mirthful than was your wont, and it is when the outward signs
    are changed, that one usually judges the disposition to be
    altered, and now you desire to be alone, and withdrawn from
    others save one or two of your waiting-women, and some of your
    dependants, with whom, even in the presence of others, you
    consult privately, and titter, and talk secretly, as if you well
    understood one another, and naught but the company of such
    pleases you, and the others can in nowise serve you to your
    liking, the which things and doings arouse envy in your other
    servants, and cause them to think that your heart is enamoured
    of some one. Ah, my very sweet Lady, for God’s sake remember who
    you are, and the high position to which God has raised you, and
    consent not, for the sake of any foolish pleasure, to be
    forgetful of your soul and your honour, and do not put trust in
    the vain fancy which many young women have, who permit
    themselves to believe that there is no wrong in loving with
    tender passion provided this is not accompanied by any wrongful
    act (and I am convinced that you would prefer death to this),
    and that it makes life more pleasurable, and that one thus makes
    a man gallant and renowned for aye. Ah, my dear Lady, it is
    quite the reverse, and for God’s sake do not deceive yourself,
    or let yourself be deceived as to this, and take warning from
    such noble ladies as you have seen in your time (and such there
    are), who, through being merely suspected of such love, have,
    without the truth ever becoming known, on this account lost both
    honour and life. And yet on my soul I am satisfied that they had
    neither sinned nor done aught that was wrong. Ne’ertheless their
    children have seen them reproached and thought lightly of. And
    however dishonourable such foolish love is in any woman, be she
    rich or poor, it is still much more unbecoming and harmful in a
    princess or a high-born lady, and the more so the more exalted
    she is, and the reason of this is just, for the fame of a
    princess extends everywhere, and hence, if there is any stain on
    her good name, it is more known of in foreign lands than in the
    case of simple folk, and, moreover, gives rise to doubts
    concerning their offspring, who are destined to be rulers in the
    land, and the princes of other folk. And it is a great
    misfortune when there is any suspicion that they are not the
    rightful heirs, and much trouble may come of it, for even if
    there has been no wrong-doing, this will in nowise be believed
    by those who have but heard it reported, “This lady is in love.”
    And because of a few tender glances, perchance given
    thoughtlessly and without evil intent, malicious tongues will
    pass judgment, and will add things about it the which were never
    done or thought of, and thus the story, the which is never
    diminished, but is ever being added to, passes from mouth to
    mouth. And thus it is the more necessary for a noble lady than
    for other women to pay great attention to all her words and ways
    and demeanour, and the reason of this is, that, in the presence
    of a noble lady, every one pays attention to her, both to hear
    what she will say, and also to attentively take note of all her
    doings. And thus the lady cannot look, speak, laugh, or jest,
    without all being put together, discussed, and borne in mind of
    many, and then reported broadcast. Bethink you, therefore, my
    very dear Lady, that it may have a very bad appearance when a
    high-born lady, and indeed any woman, becomes gay and mirthful,
    and willing to listen to amorous discourse, more than is her
    wont, and then, when for any reason she changes her mind, of a
    sudden becomes discontented, ungracious, and on her defence, and
    no one can serve her to her satisfaction, and she takes no
    trouble about her dress or apparel. Certes, folk then say that
    she must have been in love, but is so no longer. My Lady, this
    is in nowise demeanour becoming to a lady, for, whate’er may be
    her intentions, she should alway have a care so to demean and
    conduct herself, that such judgments cannot be passed on her,
    and although it may well be that, in a matter of love, it is
    difficult to maintain such moderation, the most sure way to this
    end is to wholly eschew and shun it. Thus you may know, dear
    Lady, that every noble lady, and every other woman likewise,
    should be far more desirous to acquire a fair name than any
    other treasure, for this reflects honour on her, and ever dures
    to her and her children. Revered Lady, as I have erewhile
    observed, I wholly realise and bear in mind that the influence
    which can dispose a young woman to incline to such love, is that
    youth, and ease, and indolence cause her to say to herself, “You
    are young, you must enjoy yourself, you can well love without
    wrong-doing, and this is in nowise evil when it is without sin,
    you will make a man valiant, no one will know of it, you will
    live more merrily because of it, and you will have won a true
    servant and a loyal friend, and, therefore, all your desire.”
    Ah, my Lady, for God’s sake have a care that you be not deceived
    by such foolish fancies; for, as far as concerns happiness, be
    assured that in love affairs there is an hundred thousand times
    more of grief, of care, and of perilous risk, especially for the
    ladies, than there is of happiness. Moreover, whiles that love
    of itself brings in its train many divers troubles, the fear of
    the loss of honour, and that this may become known (the which
    makes such pleasure dearly bought), continually haunts the mind.
    And as to saying, “There can be no harm in this, since it will
    not result in sin,” alas, my Lady, no one can by any means be so
    sure of herself as to be certain that, however good her
    resolution may be, she will alway keep herself in restraint in
    the matter of love made in this wise, or that it will not be
    discovered, as I have said before. Of a truth, this is not
    possible, for never is there fire without smoke, but there is
    often smoke without fire. And to say, “I shall make a man
    valiant,” certes, I declare that it is very great folly to ruin
    oneself in order to advance another, even if he be made brave
    thereby, and surely does she bring ruin upon herself who
    degrades herself for the sake of exalting another. And as to
    saying, “I shall have gained a true friend and servant,” good
    God! in what manner could such a friend or servant advantage a
    lady? For if she were in any trouble, he would not dare concern
    himself in anywise on her behalf, for fear of her dishonour.
    Therefore how could such a servant, who would not risk himself
    in her service, be of profit to her? And though there are some
    who say they serve their ladies when that they achieve great
    things, either in arms or in other ways, I say that they serve
    themselves, since the honour and the profit of it remains to
    them, and in nowise to the lady. And yet again, my Lady, if you
    or any other would make excuse by saying, “Mine is a sad lot,
    the which allows me but little freedom and happiness, and
    because of this I can, without wrong-doing, have pleasure in
    another in order to dispel melancholy and to pass the time,”
    assuredly never, with submission to your honoured self and all
    others who speak thus, does such excuse avail aught, for very
    foolish is he who sets fire to his own house in order to burn
    that of his neighbour, but she who bears with such a husband
    patiently, and without discrediting herself, so much the more
    increases the good renown of herself and of her honour. And as
    to having pleasure, certes a noble lady, and indeed every woman,
    can, if she will, find, without such love as this, enough of
    lawful and fitting pleasures to the which to give herself up,
    and with the which to pass the time without melancholy. For
    those who have children, what more agreeable or delightful
    pleasure can be desired than to see them oft, and to have a care
    that they are well nourished and instructed as befits their
    noble birth and estate, and to train the daughters in suchwise
    that from childhood they may, from the example of good company,
    form the habit of living in a proper and seemly manner? But if
    the mother is not prudent in all ways, what sort of an ensample
    is she, alas, to the daughters? And for those who have no
    children, certes it is not unworthy of any noble lady, after she
    has had care for her household, to betake her to some work, in
    order to avoid idleness, either working fine linen or silken
    apparel with rare broidery, or other things of the which she can
    make fitting use, and such occupations are wise, and prevent
    idle thoughts. But in nowise do I say that a young and noble
    lady may not rightly divert herself, and laugh, and play, at
    seasonable times, even in the presence of lords and gentlemen,
    or that she may not, so far as is befitting to her position, do
    honour to strangers, to each one according to his rank, but this
    should be done so soberly, and in such modest fashion, that
    there be not a single glance, or laugh, or word, the which is
    not under due restraint, and within proper bounds, and she
    should ever be on her guard that it may not be possible to
    discover in her aught that is unworthy or unseemly, either in
    word, look, or behaviour. Ah, God! If every noble lady, and in
    truth every woman, rightly knew how such virtuous demeanour
    becomes her, the more would she be at pains to possess this
    adornment rather than any other whatsoever, for no precious
    jewel is there which can adorn her so well. And further, my very
    dear Lady, it remains to speak of the perils and difficulties
    which accompany such love, the which are without number. The
    first and greatest is that it angers God, and then if the
    husband or kinsfolk discover it, the woman is ruined, or falls
    under reproach, and never after has she any happiness. And
    again, even if this does not come to pass, let us consider the
    disposition of lovers, for though all were loyal, secret, and
    truthful (the which they by no means are, since it is well known
    that they are generally faithless, and, in order to deceive the
    ladies, say that which they neither think on nor would do),
    ne’ertheless of a surety it is true that the ardour of such love
    does not dure for long, even with the most loyal. Ah, dear Lady!
    be warned that truly you cannot conceive the troublous thought
    which dwells in her breast when it comes to pass that this love
    is at an end, and the lady, who has been blinded by the
    environment of foolish delight, grievously repents her when she
    perceives and meditates on the distractions and the divers
    perils the which she has ofttimes encountered, and how much she
    would, whatever it had cost her, that this had never chanced to
    her, and that she could not be thus reproached. And, moreover,
    you and every lady can see what folly it is to put one’s person
    and one’s honour at the mercy of the tongues, and in the power,
    of such servants, for they call themselves servants, although,
    for the most part, the ending of the service is such that,
    although they have made promise unto you, and have sworn, to
    keep the secret, they in no wise hold their peace concerning it,
    and in the end the ladies are ofttimes left with the reproach of
    such love, and the gossip of folk concerning it, or, at the very
    least, with the fear and dread in their hearts that those very
    ones in whom they have put their trust, talk of it, and make
    boast of it, to any one else who knows of the affair, and thus
    they are delivered over from freedom to bondage, and behold the
    end of such love! Do you not perceive, my Lady, that it seems to
    these servants to be greatly to their credit to say, and to make
    boast, that they are, or have been, loved of a very noble
    mistress, or a woman of high rank, and how that they suppress
    the truth concerning it? But God knows how they lie, and may He
    grant that, as regards you, my Lady, you may know it well, for
    you will have need to bear it in mind. And since, my Lady, you
    love ballads and ditties, I send you one touching on this
    subject, written by a clever master, if you will do me the
    favour to take notice of it. And the servants, too, who know
    your secret, and whom it behoves you to trust, think you, i’
    faith, that they keep silence concerning this, albeit you have
    made them swear to do so? Certes, the greater number of them are
    such that they would be very much vexed if it were not noised
    abroad that they have much greater intimacy and authority with
    you than have the others, and if they do not openly proclaim
    your secrets, they hint at them by means of divers covert signs,
    the which they think are duly observed. Good God, what a slave
    is the lady, and any other woman in the like case, who dares not
    reprove or blame her serving men or women, even if she sees that
    they behave them very ill, for that she perceives herself to be
    in their power, and that they have risen up against her in such
    arrogance that she dares not utter a word, and is thus
    constrained to endure at their hands that which she would not
    endure from any other! And what, think you, do those say who see
    and pay heed to this? These only pay attention to that which
    they see, and be sure that they ofttimes whisper it abroad, and
    if it chances that the lady is angered, or sends away her
    servant, God knows that all will be revealed, and made known
    everywhere. And yet it ofttimes happens that they are, and have
    been, the means and the cause of bringing into being this love,
    the which they have encouraged with zeal and great diligence, in
    order to gain for themselves either gifts, or offices, or other
    emoluments. Very honoured Lady, what shall I say concerning
    this? Be assured that as soon as one sifts the matter to the
    bottom, one discovers all the mischievous perils which this
    amorous life entails; and do not doubt this, for so it is. And
    because of this, very dear Lady, do not cast yourself into such
    peril, and if you have any thought of it, for God’s sake
    withdraw from it before greater evil to you comes of it, for
    better is it to do this betimes than late, and late than never,
    and already you can see what will be said about it if that you
    persevere in your unwonted ways, when even now they are
    perceived, and in consequence of this are talked of in many
    places. Thus I know not what further to write to you, save that,
    to the utmost of my power, I humbly entreat of you not to take
    this from me in bad part, but may it please you to be assured of
    the good intent which constrains me to say it, and very much
    rather would I do my duty by loyally admonishing you, and
    causing you to be an-angered, than either counsel you to your
    ruin, or keep silence concerning it in order to have your
    goodwill. My Lady, be pleased to pay heed to my ballad, the
    which I enclose herewith. Very honoured Princess, and my dear
    Lady, I pray God to give you a happy and long life, and
    paradise.—Written at La Tour, this 18th day of January

        Your very humble servant,

        _Sebille de Monthault_, Lady of La Tour.



BALLAD


    Most noble ladies, cherish your fair fame,
    And for God’s love the contrary eschew
    Of good report, lest thus you come to blame:
    Nor make your choice of all acquaintance new.
    For some might tell (such evil tongues have they),
    How wanton manners in your life they see,
    Though never yet in any fault you lay:
    And from such faithless rascals keep you free.

    For little would it serve to bear the name
    Of one whom many love, yet find for due
    Nought but dishonour that from slanderers came
    Telling abroad how in your works they knew
    Your wantonness: so well it is alway
    To hold aloof, ere any trial be,
    From ill that follows after foolish play,
    And from such faithless rascals keep you free.

    Nay, be ye rather armed against the same
    With perfect wit, so tirelessly they sue
    To stain your honour, whence full often shame
    Comes without cause, yet they to pleasure you
    Feign courtesy: my warning may not stay,
    So oft I hear how those ye hold in fee
    Blame you no less: withdraw from these, I pray,
    And from such faithless rascals keep you free.

    Most noble ladies! be not wroth to-day
    That I have ever counselled you to flee
    These traitors: trust me, though no more I say,
    And from such faithless rascals keep you free.

In such wise did the Lady of La Tour, who made me very sad by the letter
the which she wrote, make answer to my Lady, who was sore dismayed by it
albeit she was not displeased with her on account of it, but said
forthwith, “Ah! if it had pleased our lord that she had been alway with
me, she would have exhorted me wisely, and thus I should not have been
beguiled by evil counsel, but ne’ertheless I shall abandon this, and
abide me by her counsel, for I well perceive the grievous peril which
pertains to a life of love, but it is meet that he who is oft in my
thoughts should abandon it likewise.” Then she wrote a letter to me,
even as is here set forth.



_Sealed Letter_


    _My good Friend_,—It is indeed true that foolish love, the which
    deceives many, and the sincere pity which I had for your plaint,
    have led me much to forget that which I ought ever to have had
    in remembrance, the which is, to preserve my soul and mine
    honour. And I have fully come to see how that I have already
    exposed myself to many great dangers and perils in order to
    fulfil your youthful wishes and mine own. Thank God, however,
    that there has been no evil in it, nor ever will be as long as I
    live! Yet the world would in nowise believe this if any ill
    chance befell me, from the which may God preserve me! And I well
    perceive that whosoe’er pursues foolish love, is in nowise
    master of himself or of his demeanour, so that it comes to pass
    that he may be discovered, as you can see by the long letter
    which the good and prudent woman, the Lady of La Tour, has
    written to me, the which I send you in order that you may
    perceive the reason which constrains me to withdraw from it.
    For, when I gave myself up to this love, I took no thought for
    the perils into the which I rushed, but this wise lady has
    opened mine eyes to examine and consider my doings, and if I do
    this not, I shall be defamed and ruined, and this, dear friend,
    you could in nowise desire. And because of this, I beseech you
    to withdraw from it, and know that I ask this of you in spite of
    my love, and with my eyes full of tears, for none could be more
    loved than I love you. Therefore in nowise believe that this
    comes to pass through want of love, for I swear to you on my
    portion in Paradise, and make promise to you by every oath that
    can be made, that, as long as I live, you shall be my only
    friend, and you alone will I love alway, if this will content
    you, neither do I withdraw my love from you, for you have in
    nowise deserved this, nor could my heart, which loves you,
    consent to it, but it at least behoves you to cease from seeing
    me, because of the harm which might come to me through it, the
    which, I well know, will be very grievous to you, and full of
    sorrow, but whiles that your heart may be sad about it, in
    nowise will mine be happy. And I know not what more to say to
    you, nor can I write more, for my desolate heart, my eyes, and
    my face are suffused with tears, and I bid you farewell, my
    sweet Love.

        Your sorrowing Lady.

And when that I had read this sad letter, my pulse and my colour failed
me, and I became like unto one dead, and it was long ere I came to
myself again, for I swooned because of the grief which I felt to hear
that it was needful for me to keep away from my lady. Never had such a
sorrow chanced to me, and so sorely did I weep because of this, that my
heart was well nigh broken. And I read the long letter the which had set
this thing agoing, and God knows how, when I read it, I cursed the old
lady who had sent it. I would have drowned her but that this was not
possible. And when I had longwhiles borne this grievous sorrow without
that it was diminished, I wrote this letter, moistening it with my
tears.



_To the most noble of ladies_.


    Alas, my sweet and honoured Lady, my peerless love whom I serve,
    fear, obey, and worship! Where can I find words sufficing to
    declare unto you, and to make you wholly to know, my grievous
    sorrow? Tears and weeping so dull my mind and my memory, that I
    know not where I am, or what I do. Ah, my Lady! you have indeed
    discomforted me by your cruel letter, the which tells me that it
    behoves me to keep away from you! Certes it is indeed true,
    whatsoe’er the Lady of La Tour says of Lovers, that I am more to
    you than aught that you have in the world beside, and that I
    have made promise unto you (the which I will keep truly all my
    life), that, as far as in me lies, I will obey you in all
    things, without doing aught that is contrary to your wishes. But
    when your wish is that I withdraw me from this, I cannot obey,
    for I have abandoned my life to it. Thus it is not in my power
    to give it up, even if I die for this. And, dear Lady, as to
    obeying your command that I see you no more, if it is your
    pleasure that it be alway thus, it is meet that I resist this
    with all my might, since if you bid me do that which would kill
    me or drive me mad, I know of a truth that in this I cannot
    obey. And so that you may perceive that I desire your honour
    more than does she who has written so much to you concerning it,
    and to prevent any suspicion that you are the cause of my death,
    I shall go beyond the seas to end my days, and nevermore shall I
    return from thence, and I pledge you my faith that you will find
    this to be so. Alas! where has this one, in order to compass my
    ruin, discovered that already there is rumour and talk of our
    love? Truly she must have imagined it. Saving her reverence, it
    is not possible, for naught was ever conducted more prudently or
    secretly than, up to this present, our sweet love has been, and
    alway will be if God wills. For God knows that I would rather
    suffer death than do aught that would cause you dishonour. Ah,
    my Lady, my Lady! Shall I never see you again? If this must be
    so, God grant that I may lose my sight, and that I may never
    again look on anything, for naught beside could delight me. How
    could my heart dure and remain alive when it no longer has the
    joy the which it receives when it is nigh unto yours? Ah, woe is
    me! This thought, alas, is a lance which pierces right through
    my sorrowful heart. It cannot be that I must thus lose, and
    without cause, the tender comfort, the amorous delights, the
    pleasing glances, and the winsome words, the which I receive
    from you, and of which the sweet remembrance, which remained in
    my thoughts with the hope of their renewal, made me more
    gladsome and contented than aught beside. And, my very sweet
    Lady, since I must needs die without deserving it, one favour
    only do I beg of you, for the sake of all the love your tender
    and noble heart erewhiles had for me, and do not be so cruel to
    your poor servant as to deny it to him, the which is that, ere I
    take leave of you for ever, I may for once have speech with you,
    so that I may bid you farewell, and say adieu to all the
    delights the which you have so lovingly bestowed on me, for
    never, on my soul, have I thought on that which is evil, or
    contrary to your desires. Alas, my Lady! Well do I know how you
    do wrong to those desires, and unjustly cause them to endure
    misfortune, for boldly do I declare that this farewell is in
    nowise in accordance with their assent or wish. May this favour
    be vouchsafed to me, dear Lady. And I know not what more to say
    to you, but be assured that I shall obey you unto death. May it
    please you to make known to me forthwith what you would have me
    to do, and whether you would that I go beyond the seas as I have
    said, or what is your pleasure. And be pleased to pardon me that
    this letter is blotted with my tears, for, on my soul, it has
    not been possible for me to restrain them whiles that I have
    been writing it. Honoured Lady, I commend me to you more than I
    know how to say, and I pray God to grant you all good things
    that are to be desired.—Written in great grief, with tears and
    weeping.

        Your poor lover, the most unhappy of men.

And I sent this letter to my lady, and wept sorely whilst delivering it.
And I remained cast down, sad, and silent, making plaint unto myself.
And I said in my grief—



BALLAD


    Ah, Death, Death, Death, to thee I make my prayer!
    Come, rend me from this dolorous world apart!
    Life lures no longer: since my lady fair
    Would have me shun her, let my hapless heart
    Be very prey to pain and sorrow’s sword.
    Gladness I leave and all delight for aye,
    And thee alone, O Death, have I implored
    Because my lady hath bidden me good-bye.

    Alas, alas, what doleful news is there!
    Never to knight assailed with glaive or dart
    Came heavier trouble than the woes I share,
    I, who have gathered up in shame and smart
    An evil greater than I may record:
    Since now my love from all adventure high
    Must needs withdraw, and death be my reward
    Because my lady hath bidden me good-bye.

    Ah, lady of mine, can’st thou such hardness dare
    And suffer me in anguish to depart
    For love of thee? Yet Love must witness bear
    Who knoweth no age can show, nor any art,
    Servant more faithful both in deed and word
    Among all lovers that he might espy:
    But my mishaps a worser end afford
    Because my lady hath bidden me good-bye.

    Ah, God of love, why sufferest thou, fair lord,
    That thus in sorrow undeserved I die?
    All things I leave, of all to be abhorred,
    Because my lady hath bidden me good-bye.

In such manner as I have told you did I write in answer to my Lady. And
when that she had opened my letter, and saw it so covered and defaced
and blurred with tears, certes it was told unto me that she was much
discomforted, and that as she read it, she wept so much, that the tears
ran down her face. And then, of her grace, she wrote back to me in great
haste, and charged the messenger that he lose no time in conveying the
letter duly. And he pledged him not to tarry by the way until he had
brought it to me. And the messenger hasted him all the night, and stayed
him not until that he was come at daybreak to the gate of the Castle.
Then he brought me the letter, the which calmed my grievous distress,
and banished my sorrow. And great need had I of this, for certes I was
like to die or to lose my reason. So listen now to the purport of the
letter which she sent, and of the which my heart had great joy.

        _To the noblest and best of all_,
          _My true and loyal friend_.

    _My true, loyal, very kind and dear Friend_,—It is the fact
    that, although I was fearful of losing mine honour, the which I
    ought to dread above all things, as is counselled, as you have
    been able to see, in the letter of the Lady of La Tour, to whom
    I am much beholden for it (for certes I know that she has said
    this for my well-being), it was against my wish that I wrote to
    you, in my last letter, that which I made known to you therein,
    for, my kind and gracious friend, I well perceive that Love
    cannot suffer us to part from one another, and I repent me much
    that I declared this unto you, for I know that you have had, and
    still have, much sorrow because of this. Wherefore I pray you to
    forgive me, and I beseech your pardon for it. And it much
    grieves me that our good friend, your cousin, is not beside you
    to cheer you. And I regret me that he is gone on so long a
    journey. So by all the influence I may have over you, and by the
    love you bear me, I entreat you in all things to possess your
    mind in peace as aforetime, for greatly do I fear me that you
    have become so sad, that I may not be in time to comfort you,
    and that some sickness (from the which may God preserve you),
    may overtake you. Therefore I shall have no ease until I have
    news of you. So I write to you in great haste, beseeching you to
    be cheerful and happy, for I have very good news to tell you,
    and this is that our good friend, in whom we trust, will be here
    within four days. So you shall come to see me, and I will keep
    you advised concerning this, and we will welcome one another
    heartily as heretofore. For, so help me God, even if it be my
    ruin, I cannot part from you, and I have hope that, by God’s
    aid, our doings may be well hid, and also that you will alway
    guard mine honour well, for on this I rely. My sweet and dear
    Love, I pray God to give you perfect joy. Written in haste.

        Your true and loyal friend.

And when I received this letter, I was wholly freed from my grief, and
no longer did I weep, but instead I praised God for this very good news.
And I answered the letter, and gave much thanks to my sweet lady, and I
further besought of her that I might see her right soon, so that I might
tell unto her the sorrow the which the letter I had received had caused
me. And I know not wherefore I should rehearse more of this matter, for
it is time for me to end. You have heard how that I had, without
dishonour, such joy of love as I desired, and I gainsay him who would
avouch that there was ever any wrong-doing or evil whatsoever in our
love, or that there was aught in it by the which honour was violated,
wherefore our love should be the more esteemed. Moreover I have told
unto you the pain and the grief which I endured aforetime, and how that
I persevered until my lady had pity on me. And now it is time this story
were ended, for if I rehearsed all the adventures, some pleasing, and
others painful, the which chanced to me in this love, and the evil and
the good which came to me of it, perchance I should become wearisome,
for I should have much to tell, and it would be a matter without end.
But, to sum up briefly, I tell you that I ofttimes afterward with great
delight saw the fair one in whom I put my trust, and joyously did I
receive from her, in large measure, loving comfort the which still
dwells in my memory. And for full two years did this dure, for she would
not let me depart from out her country, and right well did this please
me, for so ardent was I, that I cared for naught save to be near her.
Thus I bethink me that I resorted thither more than was fitting, so that
anger, stirred up by evil speaking, burst forth on account of our
doings, and because of this, I was troubled and ill-at-ease, for I could
not stay it, and thus I was no longer able to see my lady as was my
wont, the which grieved me sorely. Moreover I was blamed by friends, and
called recreant, in that I remained so much in retirement, and only
frequented jousts and tourneys and feasts which were held near by, and
not those at a distance. This, indeed, did not become one of noble
birth, and thus I should be quite the most despicable of my lineage if
that I remained there longer, and pursued not arms in many lands for to
win praise and renown. So spake my kinsfolk, and I felt assured that
they descanted to me thus for my good, but I feared me that it might be
displeasing to my lady to do this without her consent, and my heart was
exceeding sad.

And I besought of her that she would so contrive, that I might have
speech with her, since, chiefly for the sake of her good name, it was
needful that I should depart thence for awhile, and assuredly might she
believe that never for a single day should I forget her, and thus I
would go into Spain, whatever might come of it, and it was better to do
this before worse happened to her. And moreover she should have in
remembrance that I had made promise unto her that, for love of her, I
would achieve so much, that in the end I should be known as a brave man.

And so much did I talk, that she scarce uttered a word, and for very
short whiles did she remain, for at great risk was she come to a place
where I was.

And there was much weeping and great dole and sad countenance at our
parting, and scarce would she consent that I should go to the wars. And
wetting her face and neck with tears, and kissing her in haste, I very
fervently commended her to God, and thus I commended me to her a
thousand times, and submitted myself to her will. And I made promise
unto her that wheresoe’er I went, I would send tidings unto her, and
thus she could send back word to me how it fared with her.

And thus I departed, weeping and in sad case at leaving my beloved one.
And I joined a Spanish force, and was absent, and far from the fair one,
for the space of a year, and then I came back, being moved thereto by a
longing to see her. And when she heard of my return, she so contrived,
that I had speech with her without this being known of others. And
joyously was I received, and verily did we welcome one another heartily,
and rejoice over our reunion.

Thus from time to time I went to meet her, but there was risk in my
having speech with her, and so she came stealthily, in fear and
trembling, for fear of being observed, by reason of which she was quite
cast down. Therefore when I saw her so distraught, much of my joy was
taken away, because of the peril to the which I perceived that she, for
my sake, exposed her honour, and in the which she placed herself. And
because of this, I undertook many journeys, and sailed beyond the seas
for fear of evil-speaking. And in the manner did I spend ten years, and
ofttimes did I go to and fro. And at times, when it was opportune, it
chanced that I saw my dear lady.

And in suchwise did I explore many lands. And in a severe encounter I
was made a prisoner of war, at the which my lady was disquieted. Thus I
endured many misfortunes ere the ten years passed by. Even love brought
many upon me, and saved me not from them, for albeit I never, on my
soul, saw aught in my lady the which should have caused me to mistrust
her, jealousy, which is like unto madness, brewed for me such a potion,
that I became like unto one mad, for once, on my return from afar, I
bethought me, as soon as I saw her, that her heart was changed toward
me, and that, as it seemed to me, she had wholly cast me off, the which
filled my heart with such grief, that I was mad with rage. Thus all my
happiness was gone, and for longwhiles I could not calm or appease my
heart, the which was sorely troubled, and my lady was so displeased with
me on account of this, that for awhile I somewhat lost her favour.
Moreover, if I may venture to say so, I once saw her a little jealous,
the which distressed me much, for I knew not the reason of it, for God
knows that neither in thought nor in demeanour was I ever false to her,
nor did I so much as raise mine eyes to notice any other lady. But I
well perceived that he whose heart is wholly possessed of the passion of
love much needs become a prey to jealousy, for he who bears within him a
great and perfect love, can scarce restrain him from it.

And many songs were written touching our affair, some sad, and some
joyous; and for divers occasions I devised ballads, and lays, and
plaints, and other conceits, of the which there was one that was joyous
amongst ten which were sad, for such is the wont of the foolish heart
which dissembles love; and my lady sent some to me in her turn when that
she was able. And our ditties eased our troubles when that we were far
from one another, for in such manner did we divert us in the hope of
coming by something better, however long this might be in the coming.

And I have made known everything, from first to last, touching the love
from the which, for full ten years, I had very sad and painful thoughts,
but our love is in nowise ended, nor will it pass away until that our
bodies perish. But slanderers (whom may God confound, for there are too
many of them in the world) have forced me to abandon the fellowship of
her to whom I had made promise of my whole love. And in this she shall
not find me to fail. But I perceived that dishonour came to her because
of me; wherefore I hated my life which dured so long, for every one
gossiped about her. And in order to preserve her honour and her peace of
mind, I shrank from seeing her whom I loved above all, but ne’ertheless,
sorrowful and sad, I long made lament for that she was so blamed on my
account. But notwithstanding, my body, my goods, and all that I have to
bestow, are hers, and if it were needful, I would die for her, and this
is no fable. So I pray Almighty God to give her peace, and honour, and a
happy life, and perfect joy without end. And now my story is ended.


        The Book called “The Duke of True Lovers” is set forth.


                                  ————


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                           Edinburgh & London






THE MEDIEVAL LIBRARY



                    UNDER THE GENERAL EDITORSHIP OF
                          SIR ISRAEL GOLLANCZ
                            Litt.D., F.B.A.






     Presenting a selection of the choicest literary productions of
    the Middle Ages in Europe—romances, religious works, poetry and
     manners—and including many masterpieces recently rescued from
                               obscurity.

       Post 8vo, Brown Boards, 5s. net, unless otherwise stated.




                                  ————

    1. THE BOOK OF THE DUKE OF TRUE LOVERS

    By _Christine de Pisan_; a French romance of the 15th century.
    Translated into prose and verse with an introduction by _Alice
    Kemp-Welch_, _Laurence Binyon_ and _E. R. D. Maclagan_. With 6
    photogravure plates after illuminations in the original MS.

    2. THE TUMBLER OF OUR LADY & OTHER MIRACLES

    Mainly from a collection made by _Gautier de Coinci_, a monk of
    St. Médard near Soissons; French, 13th century. Translated in
    prose with an introduction by _Alice Kemp-Welch_. With 7
    photogravure plates after contemporary MSS.

    3. THE CHATELAINE OF VERGI

    _Anonymous_; a French love-poem of the 13th century. Translated
    into prose by _Alice Kemp-Welch_. With an introduction by Prof.
    _L. Brandin_ and the original text in an Appendix. With 5
    photogravure plates after an ivory casket of the 14th century
    now in the British Museum.

    4. THE BABEES’ BOOK: MEDIEVAL MANNERS for the YOUNG.

    From the Old English texts of Dr. Furnivall; 14th and 15th
    centuries. Done into modern prose and verse with an introduction
    and notes by _Edith Rickert_. With 6 photogravure plates after
    illuminations in contemporary MSS.

    5. THE DIVINE CONSOLATION of the BLESSED ANGELA da FOLIGNO.

    By the _Same_; Italian, 14th century. Translated in prose by _M.
    G. Steegman_ and with an introduction by _Algar Thorold_. With
    photo. front, after Pierantonio Mezzastris and 4 woodcuts after
    the original edition of 1536.

    6. THE LEGEND OF THE HOLY FINA, VIRGIN of S. GEMIGNANO.

    By _Fra Giovanni di Coppo_; Italian, 14th century. Translated in
    prose with an introduction and notes by _M. Mansfield_. With the
    original text and 5 photogravures after Benozzo Gozzoli,
    Ghirlandaio, etc.

    7. EARLY ENGLISH ROMANCES OF LOVE

    _Anonymous_; 13th, 14th and 15th centuries. Containing: ‘Floris
    and Blancheflour,’ ‘Sir Degrevant,’ ‘The Squire of Low Degree,’
    etc. Done into modern prose with introduction and notes by
    _Edith Rickert_. With 5 photogravures after contemporary MSS.

    8. EARLY ENGLISH ROMANCES OF FRIENDSHIP

    _Anonymous_; 13th, 14th and 15th centuries. Containing: ‘Amis
    and Amiloun,’ ‘Sir Amadis,’ ‘The Tale of Gamelyn,’ etc. Done
    into modern prose with introduction and notes by _Edith
    Rickert_. With 6 photogravure plates after contemporary MSS.

    9. THE CELL OF SELF-KNOWLEDGE

    By _Richard of St. Victor_, _Walter Hilton_, _Margery Kempe_,
    etc.; 7 English mystical treatises of the 14th cent. Edited with
    introduction and notes by _Edmund G. Gardner_, M.A. With
    coloured collotype frontispiece.

    10. ANCIENT ENGLISH CHRISTMAS CAROLS

    _Traditional_; 1400-1700. Collected and arranged by _Edith
    Rickert_ with intro., notes and glossary. With 8 photogravure
    plates after missals of the 15th and 16th cents. _Price_ 7_s._
    6_d._ net.

    11. EIGHT TROBADOR POETS

    Containing _Bertran de Born_, _Bernart de Ventadorn_, _Guiraut
    De Bornelh_, _Arnaut Daniel_, etc.; Provençal, 11th-13th
    centuries. Selected and translated in prose with intros. and
    notes by _Barbara Smythe_. With a coloured frontispiece and
    decorative initials.

    12. CLIGÉS

    By _Chrétien de Troyes_; a French romance of the 13th century.
    Translated in prose by _L. J. Gardiner, M.A._ With photo. front.

    13. PEARL

    An English poem of the 14th century. Translated and edited by
    _Sir Israel Gollancz_, Litt.D., F.B.A. With textual and
    explanatory notes, glossary, photogravure frontispiece after
    _Holman Hunt_ and 6 illustrations after the original MS. With
    the _Olympia_ of _Boccaccio_ in an Appendix. _Price_ 7_s._ 6_d._
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    14. EARLY LIVES OF CHARLEMAGNE

    By _Eginhard_ and _The Monk of St. Gall._; German, 9th century.
    Translated from the Latin and edited with introduction and notes
    by Prof. _A. J. Grant_. With photogravure frontispiece.

    15. THE CHRONICLE OF JOCELIN OF BRAKELOND

    By the _Same_; a picture of English social and monastic life in
    the 12th century. Translated from the Latin and edited with
    notes by _L. C. Jane_, M.A. With an introduction by _Cardinal
    Gasquet_ and a photogravure frontispiece.

    16. THE VISION OF PIERS THE PLOWMAN

    By _William Langland_; English, 14th century. Done into modern
    metrical English with introduction and notes by Prof. _W. W.
    Skeat_. With frontispiece after contemporary MS.


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