The Project Gutenberg eBook of Un mot sur les postes This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook. Title: Un mot sur les postes Author: commis des Postes Ch. Dugas Release date: July 19, 2026 [eBook #79132] Language: French Original publication: FR: Other information and formats: www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/79132 Credits: Adrian Mastronardi, The Philatelic Digital Library Project and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by the Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF/Gallica)) *** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK UN MOT SUR LES POSTES *** UN MOT SUR LES POSTES. Quels sont les moyens de rendre les Postes productives, _en assurant le service_? Doit-on les affermer? Doit-on les confier à une régie intéressée? Quelle différence y a-t-il entre une ferme et une régie intéressée? Les membres de la première administration se présentent et sont acceptés de droit, quelque soit leur civisme, quelque soit leur moralité, si, par leurs offres, ils l’emportent sur leurs concurrens. Ceux de la seconde doivent être choisis avec sagesse et circonspection, par le gouvernement, parmi des hommes probes et instruits auxquels la loi aurait accordé une remise dans la recette. Les partisans de la ferme s’imaginent, et quelques-uns feignent de croire qu’elle doit présenter plus d’avantages pécuniaires au gouvernement. Je vais chercher à prouver, 1º, qu’une compagnie financière ne fournira pas plus d’argent qu’une régie intéressée. 2º. Qu’elle en fournira moins. 3º. Qu’elle n’en donnera pas plus exactement ni plus vîte. 4º. Qu’elle sera sujette à des dangers que la régie ne présente pas. 5º. L’on convient que l’activité que des fermiers apporteraient, et les améliorations qu’ils pourraient produire ne naîtraient que de l’énergie de l’intérêt personnel; croit-on qu’en excitant celle d’une régie par une remise sur la recette, l’on ne sera pas fondé à attendre autant de son zèle que de celui d’une compagnie fermière? Celle-ci sera-t-elle plus vivement stimulée? Non, puisque la régie intéressée aura comme elle une part dans la recette. Pourra-t-elle augmenter davantage cette recette? Non, puisqu’elle ne sera pas plus vivement stimulée, et puisqu’elle n’aura pas, sans doute, autant que la régie, des lumières de l’expérience, et par conséquent de moyens d’opérer de sages améliorations? Aura-t-elle plus de désir de réduire les dépenses? Non, puisqu’elle ne sera pas plus vivement stimulée, puisque les demandes d’emplois, de création de bureaux lui peuvent être faites aussi bien qu’à des régisseurs, et qu’elle aurait besoin autant qu’eux de la bienveillance des faveurs du gouvernement, soit pour des réclamations fréquentes, soit pour l’obtention d’indemnités et sur-tout du renouvellement du bail, si le cas devait s’en présenter. La ferme donc ne donnerait pas au gouvernement _plus d’argent_ qu’une régie intéressée? 2º. Les fermiers tiendront leurs engagemens, ou ne les tiendront pas.--S’ils les tiennent, les fortes portions qui leur auront été accordées dans les recettes, portions plus considérables que celles qui seraient attribuées à une régie, portions à partager, suivant l’usage, avec les associés, croupiers, etc., portions qui prendront un grand accroissement si la paix se fait pendant la durée du bail, seront autant de moins pour la république. S’ils ne tiennent pas leurs promesses, ce qui paraît probable, ou ils seront poursuivis, ou ils obtiendront de ne pas l’être. S’ils sont poursuivis, le désordre résultant nécessairement de cet état de chose, n’occasionnera-t-il pas des non-valeurs réelles pour le trésor national? S’ils ne sont pas poursuivis, l’état y perdra de même. Dans tous les cas, la ferme devra donner au gouvernement _moins d’argent_ qu’une régie intéressée. 3º. Si la ferme actuelle n’a pu remplir trois mois les conditions modérées qu’elle avoit acceptées, et si, comme on le pense généralement, c’est du retour de la paix que l’on peut attendre des bonifications, peut-on présumer qu’une ferme nouvelle, deux mois après l’obtention de la loi proposée, versera exactement _au moins un million par mois à la trésorerie_? Et s’il est reconnu que, pour mettre un nouveau tarif à exécution, rendre familière aux employés la nouvelle taxe, préparer et donner toutes les instructions et tous les matériaux nécessaires, il faut au moins un espace de temps de six mois, peut-on croire que, pendant les quatre premiers mois de leur bail, les fermiers verseront exactement _au moins un million par mois à la trésorerie_? Et s’il est reconnu que toutes les fois que les tarifs des Postes ont été augmentés, la recette s’est d’abord, et pendant quelque temps, affaiblie sensiblement, témoin l’époque où celui de 1759 fut établi, et où les produits diminuèrent d’un quart pendant la première année, doit-on penser que des fermiers, pendant la première année de leur bail, verseront exactement _au moins un million par mois à la trésorerie_? Si l’on considère, enfin, qu’il est de l’essence d’une compagnie financière de remuer, de faire travailler l’argent à mesure qu’il entre dans sa caisse, et par conséquent, de ne l’avoir pas continuellement à sa disposition, et même de risquer de le voir rentrer plus tard qu’elle ne l’avoit espéré, tandis qu’une régie n’aurait le droit ni le pouvoir d’agir ainsi, et qu’elle serait prête chaque jour, à toute heure, à remettre au gouvernement, à sa volonté, la recette de la veille; si l’on ne veut se refuser à l’évidence, croira-t-on qu’une ferme fournira _plus exactement et plus vite_ qu’une régie intéressée de l’argent au trésor public? 4º. La ferme présente des inconvéniens et des dangers réels que n’offre point l’autre administration. Elle est réprouvée par la constitution, vérité reconnue sur laquelle on glisse bien légèrement. Elle ne présente aucune garantie de moralité, aucuns motifs pour se concilier la confiance du gouvernement et des Français en général. Elle détruirait parmi les préposés une utile émulation en leur ôtant toute espérance de participer à l’administration, qui, sous la régie, n’exigerait, au lieu de richesses, que des talens et de la probité. Elle saurait moins bien remédier aux plaintes, aux abus, encore moins les prévoir; opérer, en un mot, beaucoup de bonifications que peuvent dicter une longue habitude du travail, ainsi qu’une ancienne connaissance de la moralité et de la capacité des préposés. Son inexpérience, au contraire, ne pourrait-elle pas l’entraîner dans des mesures nuisibles à la chose même; et cette remise qu’on propose de lui accorder sur les réductions des dépenses, n’est-elle pas déjà un appât impolitique qui l’exciterait à hasarder des réformes, à établir généralement une parcimonie dont elle craindrait peu les funestes effets, sur-tout s’ils se présentaient éloignés. Les Postes, enfin, n’offraient-elles pas, pour la république en général, et chaque citoyen en particulier, un intérêt et une utilité indépendans du fisc et si elles ne sont plus considérées que relativement à l’argent qu’elles pourront produire, si elles ne sont plus soumises à l’autorité du gouvernement que par rapport à l’exécution des clauses d’un marché, ne fera-t-on pas moins d’attention aux moyens de succès que des factions pourraient y trouver? Mais bientôt, sans doute, elle aura manqué à ses engagemens, et alors ce service ne pourra-t-il pas être gravement compromis? On a vu plus haut quelles peuvent être raisonnablement les causes de telles craintes. Et le cautionnement en immeubles offrirait-il une garantie suffisante au trésor public? Et si l’on étoit obligé de poursuivre les fermiers, que deviendrait, pendant ce temps, la gestion de l’administration? Et si l’on a raison de se plaindre de la mobilité des emplois; quelle apparence de solidité présenterait une administration dont toutes les bases seraient fragiles et les clauses du bail éventuelles? En un mot, il est indubitable, on reconnaît que c’est de la conclusion de la paix ou de la continuation de la guerre que dépend le sort futur des Postes, que dépendent leur prospérité ou leur décadence, la force ou la faiblesse de leurs produits. Si l’on a bientôt la paix, si son retour vient revivifier le commerce, rétablir la confiance et les relations de sentimens, alors les produits augmenteront, et après un essai d’un nouveau tarif, la quotité de la recette annuelle pourra être prévue et évaluée pour l’avenir; le prix des denrées, des chevaux, de la main-d’œuvre et de tous les objets nécessaires à l’exploitation, n’étant plus sujets à des variations, la somme des dépenses pourra être facilement déterminée; alors, comme autrefois, les clauses d’un bail pourront être justement établies et l’on pourra croire qu’elles seront exactement exécutées. Si la république doit jouir bientôt des bienfaits inapréciables de la paix, pourquoi vouloir, dès aujourd’hui, gratifier, enrichir des entrepreneurs d’une portion considérable des fruits que devra particulièrement recueillir l’administration des Postes, portion qui devrait contribuer alors à guérir quelques-unes des plaies de l’état. Si la guerre continue, si le commerce reste long-temps dans une funeste létargie, si la rareté des espèces augmente encore, si des troubles intérieurs se renouvelaient, des fermiers peuvent-ils se flatter de voir, dans ce cas qu’on suppose avec peine, mais qui est possible, les produits des Postes s’accroître et leur donner les moyens de remplir exactement leurs promesses? Peuvent-ils se flatter de ne pas risquer, en ne les remplissant pas, d’attenter à la sûreté du service? Ainsi donc, que de raisons de croire que des fermiers manqueraient à leurs engagemens? que de dangers ils doivent faire appréhender? Que d’avantages présentent des régisseurs intéressés qui n’offrent aucun de ces dangers? Est-ce sans y avoir réfléchi que le directoire a annoncé dans divers messages _que les circonstances actuelles ne permettaient point absolument d’adopter le système de la ferme, et qu’il fallait en ajourner l’idée jusqu’à la paix_. Et la première obligation du corps législatif n’est-elle pas d’assurer l’exactitude du service des Postes et de suivre le vœu de la constitution? Ch. Dugas, _ci-devant employé principal des Postes_. Vendémiaire an 8. * * * * * _Nota._ J’étais prêt à faire imprimer ces réflexions, lorsque j’ai eu connaissance de celles qui sont publiées par le citoyen Dupairié. Malgré la clarté et la force de ses raisonnemens, et quoique je me sois rencontré avec lui sur plusieurs points, persuadé que des vérités peuvent être utilement présentées plusieurs fois, et désirant servir encore une cause que j’ai déjà défendue en l’an 5, j’ai cru ne pas devoir supprimer ce nouvel écrit. *** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK UN MOT SUR LES POSTES *** Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will be renamed. 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