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                             THE SNOW BABY


[Illustration: _Marie in Fur Costume_]




                             THE SNOW BABY

    _A TRUE STORY WITH TRUE PICTURES_ · By JOSEPHINE DIEBITSCH PEARY

[Illustration]

        _NEW YORK_ · FREDERICK A. STOKES COMPANY · _PUBLISHERS_




                            _Copyright, 1901
                    by Frederick A. Stokes Company_


                       _Published October, 1901_


                             FOURTH EDITION


                _The University Press, John Wilson & Son
                          Cambridge, U. S. A._




                             _Dedicated to
                           “Her Grossmamma”_




                             THE SNOW BABY


[Illustration: “_A Wonderful Land of ... Mountains, Glaciers, and
Icebergs_”]

[Illustration]

Hundreds and hundreds of miles away in the white frozen north, far
beyond where the big ships go to hunt huge black whales, there is a
wonderful land of snow and ice, mountains, glaciers, and icebergs; where
strange little brown people called Eskimos, dressed all in the skins of
animals, live in snow houses.

In summer in this wonderful land the sun never sets, but shines all the
time day and night; the snow melts off the ground; blue and white and
yellow flowers spring up; and soft-eyed, brown-coated reindeer wander
about, cropping the short grass.

[Illustration]

The ice breaks up and drifts out to sea; glaciers or rivers of ice push
forward, creaking and groaning, into the water, till enormous icebergs
break off from them and float away like white ships. The blue waves
dance and sparkle in the sun, and everywhere singing brooks rush down
the mountains or fall in silvery cascades over the cliffs, where
millions and millions of noisy seabirds come to lay their eggs.

[Illustration: “_Live in Snow Houses_”]

Big black walrus, larger than oxen, crawl out upon the ice, and sleep in
the sun, or fight with their long ivory tusks, and bellow till you can
hear them miles away.

Glossy mottled seals swim in the water, and schools of narwhal, which
used to be called unicorns, dart from place to place faster than the
fastest steam yacht; with their long white ivory horns, longer than a
man is tall, flashing like spears in and out of the water.

[Illustration: “_In Summer in this Wonderful Land_”]

Once in a while a fierce shaggy white bear goes running over the
ice-cakes, or swimming through the water in search of a poor little seal
on which to dine.

The Eskimos, paddling swiftly through the water in their strange skin
boats, or kayaks, pursue all these animals, and kill them with harpoons
and lances.

[Illustration]

In winter there is no sun at all, and for four long, long months it is
dark all the time, day and night, just as it is here in the night, only
the moon and stars giving light. The ground is covered deep with snow,
through which the poor deer have to dig with their hoofs for a few
mouthfuls of grass and moss, the sea is covered with ice five or six
feet thick, the birds have flown away, and the walrus and narwhal have
gone far off to the open water. Only a few hungry bears and the Eskimos
with their dogs are left; and the cold is so terrible that these would
freeze to death in an hour if it were not for their thick warm fur
coats, and the blanket of blubber underneath.

[Illustration: “_The Ice breaks up and drifts out to Sea_”]

Far to the north of us, beyond the Arctic Circle, lies a land inhabited
by a little tribe of Eskimos, called Arctic Highlanders. These are the
most northerly known people on the globe.

[Illustration: “_Big Ships that go to hunt Huge Whales_”]

[Illustration]

They are entirely dependent on their country for everything they need,
and as it is very cold, and part of the year entirely without sunshine,
there is very little plant life, and they live only upon the animals,
using the meat for food and the skins for their clothing. During the
short summer season when the sun shines, the grass and flowers grow
rapidly, the birds come back and build their nests, and, alas! the
mosquitoes come forth in swarms. But this lasts only a short time.

Here in this wonderful land, in a little black house, under a great
brown mountain, was found, one bright September day, a little snow-white
baby girl with big blue eyes.

[Illustration: “_With their Long Ivory Tusks_”]

And such a funny house it was where she was found. It was only one story
high, the outside was covered with thick, black tarred paper, the walls
were more than a foot thick, and there were lots of windows for such a
small house, one wide one running right across the top of the house,
just like a hot-house. This was to enable the inmates to enjoy the
sunshine just as long as it lasted.

All round the house was a close veranda, the walls of which were built
of boxes of food, biscuits, sugar, coffee, and tea; for none of these
things, in fact, nothing but meat could be bought in the country.

Inside the house the little room where the baby was found was lined with
soft warm blankets, and there was a bright carpet on the floor, and lots
of books, and a sewing-machine, and pictures on the walls. All these
things, like the boxes of food outside, had been brought in the big ship
which had brought the baby’s father and mother to this strange country.

The bed on which the baby lay was covered with soft warm reindeer skins,
through which even the terrible cold of the long dark night could not
penetrate.

[Illustration: “_Walrus Larger than Oxen_”]

One window of the baby’s room looked out upon a great glacier or river
of ice, and the other upon high red and brown mountains surrounding a
bay in which floated lots and lots of icebergs, of the strangest and
most fantastic shapes, so that you might easily imagine some of them to
be the palace of the Frost King, others white ships, and in still others
you might see the cruel white face of the Frost King himself.

[Illustration: “_White Ivory Horns Longer than a Man is Tall_”]

When the strange people of the land heard that a baby had been found in
this house, and that, wonderful to relate, this baby was perfectly
white, they came—men, women, and children—hundreds of miles, riding upon
sledges drawn by wild shaggy dogs, which looked like wolves, to see the
little stranger.

These people are brown, with black shaggy hair, and dress entirely in
furs both summer and winter.

[Illustration: “_Eskimos in their Strange Skin Boats_”]

They said “OW-NAY´” and “AH-NAN-NAN” to her, at which she stared with
wide-open eyes; and then they wanted to touch her to see if she was warm
and not made of snow, she was so white.

And if by chance she happened to smile when looking at one of them, then
there was great rejoicing, for this was counted very lucky.

[Illustration]

So they called her “AH´-POO-MIK´-A-NIN-NY” (the Snow Baby), and brought
her presents of fur mittens, little sealskin boots, walrus tusks, baby
bear and seal skins, and many other things.

It was near the end of the Snowland summer when the baby was born, and
six weeks afterwards the sun went away to be gone all through the long
winter night of four months.

[Illustration: “_Wrapped in the Stars and Stripes_”]

Just before he went baby was taken for her first outing. It was very,
very cold, the thermometer far below the freezing-point, and the ground
was covered deep with snow; but baby was tucked into a little
reindeer-skin bag, which covered her completely all except her head.
This was covered with a little foxskin hood; then baby, bag, and all
were wrapped in the stars and stripes, and taken out of doors.

[Illustration: _Ahnighito’s Birthplace_—“_Such a Funny House it was_”]

[Illustration]

Then the sun went away, and for days and weeks baby lived in the little
room where a lamp was burning night and day.

Here she had her daily bath, and slept and crowed at the lamp and the
pictures on the wall, and grew bigger and whiter every day. How she did
enjoy these baths after she got to be a little older, when her mother
closed every door in the room, put an oil stove inside the bed curtains
which were drawn close, then sponged the baby with warm water, and after
she was dry let her roll for a little while in the pile of soft warm
bear and deer skins on the bed.

[Illustration: “_A Little Snow-White Baby Girl with Big Blue Eyes_”]

Her Eskimo friends kept coming to see her whenever they could, though
they did not always come in to the room, as they were not very clean.

After a long, long time the terrible night began to draw to an end, and
every clear day at noon there was an hour or two of daylight.

[Illustration: _Bed on which Baby Lived_]

[Illustration]

It was decided that when the sun did return, no matter how cold it might
be, baby was to go out every day, so one of the Eskimo women was busy
making a little Eskimo suit for her, all of furs.

There were only two pieces in this suit,—a little hooded coat, and a
pair of little trousers and boots in one.

Boys and girls, and men and women, all wear trousers in this Snowland.

[Illustration]

The softest and warmest fox and baby-deer skins were selected for these
clothes. The little trousers or nannookies were made with the fur on the
outside, and reached from her waist, where they were fastened with a
drawstring to her ankles, where a fur boot made of the same warm
deerskin, but with the fur on the inside, next the foot, was sewed to
each leg, thus making it impossible for the cold air to get to her
little feet and legs.

[Illustration: “_They were not very Clean_”]

The kapetah, or foxskin coat, was after the same pattern as your
sweaters, that is, without any opening down the front or back, and to
the neck was sewed a round hood, the opening made to just fit about her
little face. This coat her mother pulled on over baby’s head and well
down over her nannookies, so that here too no cold air could chill the
little girl.

About the wrists and around the face opening of the hood, foxtails were
sewed, which helped very much to keep her face and hands warm. This
costume was made by a woman named AH-NI-GHI´-TO; so, when the baby was
christened, she too was called AH-NI-GHI´-TO. She was also named Marie
for her only aunt, who was waiting in the far-off home land to greet her
little niece.

[Illustration: “_There were only two Pieces in this Suit_”]

[Illustration]

At last, one day about the middle of February, the great yellow sun
popped up above the tops of the mountains and covered everything with
the brightest sunlight.

Little AH-NI-GHI´-TO was asleep when the sun first looked into the room,
but in a few minutes she woke up, and as the room had been specially
warmed to give her a sun bath, her mother took her out of her little
nest and placed her, all white and naked, in the sunlight on the bed.

[Illustration]

How the big blue eyes did open at the strange sight. How she laughed and
jumped and stretched her little hands out in the yellow light, just as
if she was bathing in perfumed golden water. It was the first time she
had ever seen the sun.

After this, every sunshiny day she had her sun bath, when she would try
to seize the sunbeams slanting through the room, and failing in this
would try to pick up bits of sunlight on the bed.

[Illustration: “_Stretched her Little Hands out in the Yellow Light_”]

On every pleasant day she was dressed in her little fur suit, tucked
into her deerskin bag, and carried out.

Do you know how the tulip and hyacinth and narcissus bulbs grow and
blossom after they are brought out of the cold, dark cellar into the
warm, sunny window?

[Illustration: “_Some Dogs were bought for Her_”]

[Illustration]

Well, little AH-NI-GHI´-TO was just a little human bulb that had been
kept in the cold and dark for five months and now was brought out into
the bright sunlight; and she grew like a tulip, and her eyes grew
brighter and bluer, and her cheeks were like “Jack” roses. So rapidly
did she grow that very soon she was too heavy for mother to carry.

Then some dogs and a little Eskimo sledge were bought for her, with a
knife and some biscuit and coffee, and a snug little box, just large
enough for her to sit in, fastened on the sledge. After that
AH-NI-GHI´-TO had a sleigh-ride every day. You should have seen her
team, with their bright eyes, sharp pointed ears, and big bushy tails.
There was “Lassie,” and “Lady,” and sometimes steady old black Panikpah,
who had been far to the north here, across the “great ice,” and had
eaten musk-ox meat.

Sometimes they would walk along with heads and tails up, every now and
then looking round at the baby.

Then at the crack of the whip they would dash off at a gallop, with the
driver running beside the sledge and guiding it past the rocks and lumps
of ice.

But they always seemed to understand that they were drawing a little
baby, for they never attempted to run away, as they often did with their
Eskimo masters.

It was very, very cold now, colder even than during the long winter
night; but, wrapped up in her warm furs, little AH-NI-GHI´-TO did not
feel it.

[Illustration: “_The Women kissed her Hands_”]

[Illustration]

A great many of the natives came to see the little white girl. The women
kissed her hands, and she made friends with all the queer little brown
babies sticking their heads out of their mothers’ hoods, for the Eskimo
babies have no cradles or anything of the kind, but are just carried all
the time by their mothers in great fur hoods on their backs.

[Illustration]

Soon AH-NI-GHI´-TO began to talk Eskimo, and would say “Ta´koo” (look),
“Atu´do” (more), and she never said yes and no, but “Ah´-py” and
“Nag´-ga.”

[Illustration: _Kood-Look´-Too_]

Then she had a playmate, a little Eskimo boy about five or six years
old, whose father had been killed by a savage walrus which he had
harpooned and which had dragged him into the water and drowned him. His
mother, too, was dead.

His name was Nip-San-Gwah, though every one called him Kood-Look´-Too,
which means “the little orphan boy.”

[Illustration]

He was very fond of AH-NI-GHI´-TO and would try to follow her when she
went in her sledge. How queer he looked with his little round fat face,
bright black eyes, and little short bearskin trousers. Then he would
make little snow igloos, or houses, for her, just like the one his
father and mother had lived in, and would get a whip and try to show her
how he would drive her dogs for her after he got a little larger.

[Illustration: “_Made believe he was a White Boy_”]

Sometimes Kood-Look´-Too would make believe he was a white boy, and
would dress himself up in cast-off clothes, to look, as he thought, like
such a boy.

Whether he succeeded or not you can see for yourself in the picture.

And E-Klay-I-Shoo—or “Miss Bill,” as she was called—must not be
forgotten.

She was an Eskimo girl, about twelve years old, who used to take care of
AH-NI-GHI´-TO.

[Illustration: “_Miss Bill_”]

“Miss Bill” never had a dress or a hat in her life, but dressed in a
sealskin coat, short foxskin trousers, or nannookies, and long-legged
kamiks, or sealskin boots. She and Kood-Look´-Too and her father
Nook-Tal, with the rest of the family, lived in a small round tent, or
tupic, of sealskins, with big stones all around the edge of it, to keep
the wind from blowing it away.

[Illustration: “_A Tupic of Sealskin_”]

The sun kept getting higher in the sky and warmer every day, till
finally it did not set at all day or night, the snow was melting, and
the rocks and ground getting dry. Such a good time as AH-NI-GHI´-TO had
now. Her furs were put away, and in thick, warm woollen gowns, with a
sunbonnet to protect her tender face—for even up here the sun and wind
in summer may burn the skin—she was out doors nearly all the time. She
could creep and roll about a little now, and she had so much to do.

[Illustration: “_In her Gray Gown she looked like a Little Monk_”]

There was the gravel slope back of the house, in which to search for
pretty round red and white pebbles. As she rolled about over this in her
gray gown, she looked like a little monk.

[Illustration: “_There were Lots of Little Puppies to feed and play
with_”]

[Illustration]

There were lots of little puppies to feed and play with, such plump,
round, soft, playful little puppies, you could not believe that when
they grew up, they would be great, strong dogs, who could draw their
masters on a sledge forty and fifty miles in a day, and even fight the
great white polar bear.

There was Hector, the big St. Bernard, who would come to have his head
patted by the baby. She was a little afraid of Hector, however, he was
so big and strong, and rough in his playfulness.

[Illustration: “_Hector, the big St. Bernard_”]

[Illustration: “_To be picked and played with_”]

Finally, there were the flowers, yellow and purple and white, which must
be picked and played with.

[Illustration: “_She rolled about, tossing the Bright Pebbles_”]

[Illustration]

Days when there was not a bit of wind, and the sun was shining brightly,
AH-NI-GHI´-TO took her sun bath out of doors. A deerskin was spread on
the gravel, to keep the sharp stones from hurting the tender little
limbs, and on this, with all her clothes taken off, she rolled about,
tossing the bright pebbles and talking to the sun, the puppies, and the
flowers, till her skin was rosy as the morning. So all through the
summer months—June, July, and well into August—AH-NI-GHI´-TO passed the
sunny days.

[Illustration: “_Baby Lake, a Beautiful Little Pond_”]

[Illustration]

Sometimes she was taken to Baby Lake, a beautiful little pond that lay
in the valley, a few hundred yards back of the house, and from which a
murmuring brook ran through moss and over rocks, down to the head of the
bay.

And during her sun baths she must have absorbed the bright summer
sunlight, for never was there a happier, sunnier-tempered, more smiling
baby than she.

[Illustration: “_Ah-ni-ghi´-to and her Mother_”]

At last, one day late in August, the same big black ship which had
brought AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S father and mother to the Snowland, came up the
bay, forcing her way through the ice and throwing it in every direction,
just the way a snow-plough drives through a big drift, and stopped just
in front of the house.

[Illustration: “_The Ship steamed away_”]

Then AH-NI-GHI´-TO and her mother took “Bill” and some of the puppies on
board the ship, and it steamed away south again, to bring AH-NI-GHI´-TO
to her grandmothers and aunt, who had never seen her.

[Illustration]

When “Miss Bill” left her Snowland to come to the United States with
AH-NI-GHI´-TO and her mother, she left her father and mother and two
sisters, who were very proud to have her go to the land of the white
man, and see the animals and trees and houses and people whose pictures
they had seen in magazines.

In a year, when the ship returned for AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S father, “Miss
Bill” would come back and tell her people all about the strange things
she had seen.

[Illustration: _Ahtungahnaksoah_]

By the time Philadelphia was reached, AH-NI-GHI´-TO had begun to talk,
and called “Miss Bill” “Billy-Bah.” By this name she is known among her
people to-day. “Billy-Bah” was about twelve years old, and never in her
life had she seen a house larger than the little one-story black house
where the stork brought AH-NI-GHI´-TO as a baby; never had she seen a
bush or a tree, and never a horse or a cow, a wagon or a carriage, a
train of cars or a steam-engine.

[Illustration: “_Then the Sun went away_”]

[Illustration]

She had never had a bath until AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S mother gave her one on
board ship, and she could not understand why she must wash herself and
brush her hair every morning.

On reaching Philadelphia, AH-NI-GHI´-TO, with her mother and
“Billy-Bah,” drove to the railroad station, and “Billy-Bah’s” eyes
nearly danced out of her head, at the sight of what she called the big
dogs (horses) which pulled the carriage, and the high igloos (Eskimo
houses) that lined the streets. The station, she said, was the largest
and finest igloo she had ever seen, and she was loath to leave it. When
she saw an engine pull out a train of cars, she clung to AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S
mother and asked what sort of an animal it was, and would it eat people.
Long after the train which was taking the little party to
AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S grandmother and aunt had started, “Billy-Bah” sat with
both hands clutching the seat in front of her, and gazed in amazement at
the trees and fences which seemed to fly past.

This little dusky maiden, who was the youngest of her people to reach
the land of sunshine and plenty, had everything to learn, just the same
as AH-NI-GHI´-TO.

First, she must learn to talk, for of course she could not speak
English; then she must learn to eat, for in the Snowland her people eat
nothing but meat.

[Illustration]

She must learn that meals were served at regular times, that we bathed
daily, and retired and arose at given times.

All this was new to her, for in her country the people eat whenever they
are hungry. They have no tables or chairs, and never prepare meals.
Sometimes, when it is very cold, they will cut slices off the chunks of
frozen meat which are lying about on the floors of their igloos, and
steep them in water heated over their lamps.

When they are sleepy, they curl up anywhere and go to sleep. Bathing was
unknown to them until they saw AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S father and mother;
indeed, they never even washed their faces, but perhaps this was because
water is very scarce during the greater part of the year. Everything is
frozen, and their only fire and light is what they get from their
ikkimer (lamp).

[Illustration]

This ikkimer, or lamp, is a shallow stone dish, on the centre of which
are heaped pieces of blubber (fat), and across the front edge is placed
dried moss. This moss acts as a wick, and as the fat melts it is
absorbed by the moss, and this is lit with flint and steel. This is the
only heat and light that is to be found in an Eskimo hut at any time.

Billy-Bah has had to learn by sad experience that she could not put her
toys down anywhere in the streets of Washington and find them again
hours afterward, as she could do in her own country.

When Santa Claus visited AH-NI-GHI´-TO, he also visited Billy-Bah for
the first time in her life. He brought her many toys and also useful
things.

[Illustration]

She was pleased with the Christmas tree and with AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S toys,
but did not seem to care for hers at all, hardly looking at them. But
when she was told it was time for her to go to bed, she asked if she
might take all of her presents to her room; permission was given, and
she trotted off, making three trips before she had all her things safely
upstairs. An hour later AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S mother noticed a bright light in
Billy-Bah’s room, and on opening the door she beheld the little Eskimo
seated on the floor with all her treasures about her, celebrating her
first Christmas.

She took great pleasure in sewing for her doll, and whenever anything
was made for AH-NI-GHI´-TO, Billy-Bah would make the same for her doll.
By the time she returned to her home she was quite a little seamstress.

Her trunk was a regular Noah’s Ark. A bit of everything that was given
her during her stay was always carefully put into it, to be carried back
home and explained to her friends.

In July it was decided the great ship should sail to the land of the
midnight sun to bring AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S father home, and Billy-Bah would
return to her family.

[Illustration: “_Riding with Eskimo Bear-Hunters_”]

She was very happy at the thought of home, but wished AH-NI-GHI´-TO
might go too.

When she reached the Snowland, there was great rejoicing among her
people, and feasts were given of fine raw walrus, seal, and bear meat,
in honor of the young member of the tribe who had seen the sun rise and
set every day for a whole year.

About two hours after landing, Billy-Bah was seen with a piece of meat
weighing about five pounds, enjoying her first meal in a year.

While AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S father remained behind in the Snowland, one day
after he had been riding on his sledge for days with some of his Eskimo
bear-hunters, he came to a mountain, where he found a great piece of
brown iron which many years ago had fallen from the sky and from which
the Eskimos had made their knives.

[Illustration: “_The Great Brown Woman_”]

The Eskimos called this piece of iron a woman, because their
great-grandfathers had told them that _their_ great-grandfathers had
said that when it first fell from the sky it looked like a great brown
woman. Now so much of it had been pounded off for knives that its shape
was gone, but the Eskimos believed that the spirit of the woman still
remained. Near by was a smaller piece of iron which had been her dog
somewhere up among the stars.

[Illustration: “_Were hauled over Rocks and Snow_”]

[Illustration: “_A Smaller Piece which had been her Dog_”]

These great pieces of iron were so wonderful that AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S father
thought he would like to take them back to America, where every one
might see them; so when the ship came back after him the brown woman and
her dog were hauled over the rocks and snow and ice to the ship, and
hoisted on board. When AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S father had brought home the two
heaven-born stones, the woman and the dog, he told several scientific
gentlemen in New York that there still remained in the Snowland another
and much larger stone which had fallen from the sky together with the
woman and her dog. This the natives call the woman’s tupic, or tent.
These gentlemen called the stones meteorites, and were very anxious to
have the largest one also.

So in 1897 AH-NI-GHI´-TO, with her father and mother and her good
colored nurse Laura, boarded the ship and sailed for the Snowland to
bring home the last of the stones.

AH-NI-GHI´-TO was now nearly four years old, and looked forward with
pleasure to seeing the Snowland and all the queer little brown people
again.

On the way north AH-NI-GHI´-TO, who was not seasick, enjoyed the brisk
cool wind, and never tired of the beautiful icebergs which floated past.
A stop was made at Godhavn in South Greenland to get a supply of
drinking water. Here the natives are almost like white people. They have
been living with the Danish families who occupy this part of Greenland
for such a long time that they have become quite civilized both in looks
and manners.

[Illustration: _Marie_]

The Danes compel them to go to school and also to church; in this way
they are growing more knowing every day.

They had seen AH-NI-GHI´-TO when she and her mother came from the
Snowland three years ago and AH-NI-GHI´-TO was only one year old; now
they were anxious to see her again, and crowded to the ship, bringing
her all sorts of presents and receiving others in return.

[Illustration: “_On the Way North_”]

The nurse Laura was the first colored woman these natives had ever seen,
and they thought her a great curiosity. She was invited everywhere with
AH-NI-GHI´-TO, but Laura was afraid to accept anything from these
queer-looking people until AH-NI-GHI´-TO and her mother went with her
and she found how kind every one was and anxious to please her.

[Illustration]

It happened that there were no Danish children in this place, but many
little Eskimos, all eager to see AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S doll and to play with
her. Only a few hours were spent here, and then AH-NI-GHI´-TO and Laura
were brought to the vessel in a little boat and the great ship pushed
toward the north again.

[Illustration: _Harpoons and Lances_]

The sun did not set at all now, and at any time AH-NI-GHI´-TO could see
his big face shining down upon her. This was very pleasant, for although
it was quite cold AH-NI-GHI´-TO, wrapped in her furs, spent most of her
time on deck watching the gulls that were circling about the ship, and
the seals that kept popping up their black heads to gaze in open-eyed
astonishment at the big black ship that came rushing through the water
toward them. These seals are funny little creatures, so full of
curiosity that when they see anything coming toward them they keep their
heads above water until the object is close to them; then they quickly
dive, but come up again at a safer distance to resume their gazing. They
are often harpooned by the natives, who fasten a white sail across the
front of the kayak (skin boat) in such a way as to make it look as if a
white piece of ice were floating along. In this sail a tiny hole is made
through which the hunter watches his chance. The seal’s curiosity gets
the best of him, and he does not dive in time to dodge the harpoon which
is thrown from behind the white cloth. The Eskimos are very fond of seal
meat, and the skins are used for their clothing.

AH-NI-GHI´-TO thought it very strange to have bedtime come when the sun
was shining brightly. She declared it would be quite impossible to sleep
at night if there was no night; so her mother made night for her in
their little stateroom by taking a big soft felt hat belonging to her
father and pushing it into the port hole through which the light came.
AH-NI-GHI´-TO was now quite satisfied, and slept soundly until breakfast
time. When it was time to rise, the hat was pulled out, and lo! the room
was flooded with sunlight. In a little while AH-NI-GHI´-TO would call,
“Mother, it is daylight, time to get up.”

A bright fire was kept burning in the cabin, and Laura thought it
wonderful that she should be quite comfortable beside a fire in
midsummer; but when she awoke one morning and found it snowing hard, she
said this was surely the most extraordinary thing she had ever known.
Snow in August! “Why, if I tell this to my home folks, they won’t
believe me, but will think I am joking,” she said.

[Illustration: “_It is no Wonder the Snow Baby is so Tall_”]

[Illustration: “_Another Boat-load of Eskimos came aboard_”]

[Illustration]

Finally the Snowland was reached, and the Eskimos were wild with joy
when they caught sight of the ship, for they all loved AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S
father, and knew he had brought them many useful presents. All wanted to
see AH-NI-GHI´-TO, and the women were particularly anxious to see how
much she had grown, and if she still looked so white. One woman brought
her baby, a wee boy, whose birthday was the same as AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S, to
compare the children. When she saw how much larger AH-NI-GHI´-TO was
than her boy, she smilingly stepped up beside AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S mother and
showed how much taller the American woman was than she, and pointing to
AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S tall father, said: “It is no wonder the Snow Baby is so
tall.” Another boat-load of Eskimos just then came aboard, and who
should be among them but “Billy-Bah”? How glad she was to see
AH-NI-GHI´-TO, and how much she had to tell her. She did not want to
stay on deck where the others were, but asked if she might go down in
the cabin with AH-NI-GHI´-TO. Once away from her people “Billy-Bah”
talked English with AH-NI-GHI´-TO, about the people she had known at
AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S home; she asked how Hector the big St. Bernard dog was,
and if AH-NI-GHI´-TO still had the little kitty “Billy-Bah” used to take
to bed every night. Then they played with the dolls and looked at the
picture books together. “Billy-Bah” gave AH-NI-GHI´-TO a number of ivory
figures of men, women, dogs, bears, walrus, and seals, which she had
carved from the teeth of walrus.

[Illustration]

AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S father now had several barrels of ship’s biscuit taken
ashore, to be distributed among the natives. Everyone on board was
anxious to get ashore, that he might get his share. “Billy-Bah” had been
told that AH-NI-GHI´-TO would give her biscuit and tea and sugar, so she
was content to remain in the cabin. Only one man refused to go, when he
was told if he did not go he would not get any biscuit. Upon talking
with him it was learned that he was “Billy-Bah’s” husband, and he was
afraid the ship might sail away with his wife and without him, if he
went ashore. AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S father assured him this would not be the
case, and he speedily followed the others in the boats.

“Billy-Bah’s” husband was very proud of his wife, for besides having
travelled to the white man’s country and seen wonderful things, she was
one of the best seamstresses in the tribe, and kept her husband’s
clothing, as well as her own, in good order, though she was now only
fifteen years old. But AH-NI-GHI´-TO was sorry to see that she kept
herself just as dirty as her companions. It seemed as though she thought
she had bathed enough, while in AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S home, to last her during
her lifetime.

After AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S father had selected the Eskimos who were to help
him move the great heaven-born stone, the old ship turned her nose
toward Meteorite Island, where this mass of iron lay. It was snowing so
thick and fast that one could not see any distance ahead, and
AH-NI-GHI´-TO thought she must be sailing through the clouds, because,
when she looked beyond the ship, she could see nothing but whirling
snow-flakes above, below, and all about her. The ship moved along very
slowly, feeling her way carefully, to avoid collision with the floating
icebergs, numbers of which were to be seen before the snow descended. At
last the island was safely reached, and AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S father, with the
help of the Eskimos, at once began his search for the great meteorite.
Everything was now buried under the snow, which was still falling fast.
The great iron rock was soon found, however, and the snow removed; then
the work of getting it alongside the ship was begun. This was no easy
thing, for it was found to weigh nearly one hundred tons.

For a week everybody worked. The Eskimos, with AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S father to
lead them, worked by night,—for you know it was daylight all the time,
even when the sun was behind the clouds,—and the captain of the ship,
with his men, worked during the day.

The great iron stone was shaped like one of the Eskimo tents, and for
that reason the natives called it “tupic.” They chatted all the time
they were at work, wondering what the woman could have done that she
should have been cast out of the sky with her dog and her tent.
“Billy-Bah” told AH-NI-GHI´-TO that she had heard her great-grandfather
say that his grandfather told him when these stones first fell from the
heavens they were red-hot, but after they had cooled, they looked just
like other rocks about them, and none of his people thought they were
any different, until one day one of the dusky hunters of the tribe had
shot his last arrow into a polar bear, and the animal, though wounded,
had managed to escape, leaving the hunter without any arrows.

He hastened to the shore, and began looking for sharp stones from which
to make new arrow-heads. As he came upon the heaven-born stones, it
occurred to him that perhaps these would give him luck, and picking up a
large stone, he began to pound down upon one of the sharp brown ridges
of the iron stone. Wherever he struck the brown coat became spotted with
silver, but instead of knocking off a splinter, the stone with which he
struck flew into fragments. He then searched far and near for a piece of
rock harder than the one he had been using, and after a long time he
found a piece. Hurrying again to the meteorite, he began to pound and
chip, and to his joy he saw that he was making an impression on the iron
stone. After hours and hours of hard work, he succeeded in getting a
splinter. How it glittered in the sunlight; and when he ran his finger
over the edge, the spurting blood taught him how sharp it was.

This was more than he had hoped for; if it cut his finger by simply
passing it over the edge, how much more apt would it be to cut into an
animal when it was sent from the bow! On and on he worked, until he had
enough splinters or scales to make the arrow-head; then forth he went to
try his luck. Not an animal escaped. Just as sure as he struck a bear,
or a fox, or a seal, with the arrow, just so sure the animal was his;
and the more he used the arrow the sharper it became, until the thought
came to him that this iron stone would make better knives than those of
stone and ivory which his people now used, if he could only succeed in
getting the pieces off.

He returned to his people, and told them of the good luck the
heaven-born stone had brought him, and then he showed them the bright,
sharp arrow-head, and they all agreed that good knives could be made of
this iron stone. Then all the natives of this village set out at once,
and travelled many miles, until they came to the front of a great river
of ice called a glacier. This great ice stream comes creeping slowly
down the mountain side, and pushes in front of it great heaps of stones
and dirt. From among these stones the natives selected the hard smooth
cobbles of what we call trap-rock, but which they knew only as very hard
stones.

[Illustration: “_Then for the Hunt_”]

Loading their sledges with their tents and as many of these stones as
they could carry, they travelled over the snow and ice to Meteorite
Island. Here they camped, and while the women put up the tents, and got
them ready, the men cleared away the snow from the stones and began to
work. For many “sleeps,” as the Eskimos say, they pounded and hammered
and worked, until they had fashioned a few arrow-heads and also some
rude knives. Then for the hunt, which lasted a week. They could hardly
believe their eyes, when at the end of that time they saw the number of
slaughtered animals,—more than had ever before fallen to their lot in a
whole season. Nearly all the hunters would be able to have new fur
clothing, and every family would have a new, soft, warm deerskin for the
bed.

[Illustration: “_Dogs that could draw their Masters on a Sledge_”]

The Eskimos living hundreds of miles up the coast from here heard of the
wonderful arrows and knives made from the heaven-sent stones; but as
they did not have dogs and sledges enough to bring all the hunters and
their families down where the stones lay, half a dozen of the strongest
men took the best dogs and sleds and started for the iron mountain,
promising to bring back a piece of the iron large enough to make knives
and arrow-heads for all. First they stopped at one of the great
glaciers, and gathered a sledge-load of the trap rocks; then on they
went to Meteorite Island. They were delighted with the knives and
arrow-heads which their friends proudly brought forth, and when they
were told how deadly the arrow-head was, and shown the pile of meat
procured in the hunt, they could wait to hear no more, but hurried over
to the iron woman, eager to begin their work. By working steadily, they
were able to secure enough scales of the metal to tip their arrow-heads
and make their knives, but it seemed impossible to pound off the large
piece which they had promised to bring back with them. Long and
patiently they worked, chipping and pounding day after day, while the
returning sun kept getting higher in the sky, the days grew longer, and
the air warmer. The great sheet of snow-covered sea-ice over which the
hunters had driven their dogs and sledges was beginning to soften under
the caresses of the summer sun. Pools of water began to collect like
cool green shadows on the white rolling surface, while numerous black
specks on the white sheet showed where sleeping seals were sunning
themselves beside their front doors, which opened into the deep sea.
Soon the ice would break up and move out, and then the hunters could not
return to their families until the Arctic winter set in again, which
would not be for three or four months. This idea did not please them, so
they redoubled their efforts to break off the large lump upon which they
had been working; and just as they were about to give up, the head of
the iron woman came off This head must have weighed five hundred pounds,
and would supply the people up the coast with all the iron they would
need for arrows and knives for a long while. The precious package was
carefully done up in sealskins, and placed on one of the sledges, and
two of the hunters rode beside it, to take care that it did not slide
off, and also to drive the dogs, ten of the finest and strongest animals
in the pack. The other sledges were loaded with the meat and furs of the
animals which had been killed during their stay at the island, and then
the little party joyfully started for home.

[Illustration: _A Short Rest_]

[Illustration: _Homeward Bound_]

They found the ice very rotten in places, and often it was covered four
or five inches deep with water, through which the dogs had almost to
swim and pull the sledges. While crossing one of these places, the dogs
drawing the sledge on which the treasured iron lay, suddenly broke
through the ice. For a brief moment they struggled to get a foothold
amid the broken ice, yelping pitifully with terror, but in the next
instant the sledge with its heavy load of men and iron came crashing
among them, and shot beneath the water, carrying men and iron and dogs
with it. The force and weight of the sledge must have carried it under
the unbroken ice, for neither men nor dogs were seen again.

This the natives considered the punishment of the spirit of the iron
woman for destroying the stone, and from that time to the present it has
been looked upon as bad luck to try to move either of the stones.

It was for this reason that the Eskimos warned AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S father,
when he told them he would take the wonderful stones to his country, not
to touch them, for something dreadful would surely happen to him. When
they found he was determined, nevertheless, to take away the meteorites,
they helped him loosen them and take them down to the ship, but refused
to assist him in putting them on board.

[Illustration: _Ah-ni-ghi´-to and One of her Brown Fur-clad Friends_]

While the work of getting the iron tent alongside the ship was going on,
AH-NI-GHI´-TO had a merry time. After the sun shone again, the snow
melted rapidly, and she spent her time on shore, picking flowers and
berries, which grew among the rocks and on the hillsides; and the Eskimo
women built her play “igloos” (houses) just like their own, and taught
her different games which she and Laura played with the brown fur-clad
children of the North.

After many days the iron tupic was ready to be put on board. Everything
in the ship had been stowed, and the ship’s hold filled with rocks, on
which the iron stone should rest.

AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S father had built a bridge from the shore to the middle
of the ship, where a big opening in the deck, called the hatch, gave an
entrance for the big stone to the hold of the ship. This bridge was
built of great oak timbers as long as a tree is tall, and on top of the
timbers a railroad track was laid. When the iron stone was dug from the
frozen bed in which it had lain so long, it was lifted high enough to
slip under it a heavy sled of strong oak timbers, bolted together with
long iron bolts and shod with iron.

To lift so heavy a mass of iron,—for the tupic weighed nearly one
hundred tons,—powerful machines called jacks were used, and with their
assistance, too, the great sledge with its heavy load was pushed on to
the end of the bridge. The rails were smeared with grease, and strong
ropes fastened from the steam-engine to the sledge to help pull, while
the powerful jacks pushed. The meteorite was chained down to the sledge
with heavy chains and then covered over with a big American flag.
AH-NI-GHI´-TO was now told that she must christen the big brown stone
with a bottle of wine as soon as it began to move. So she stood with her
father just behind the car, when the signal was given to start. Her
mother and the Captain began to pump at the jacks, the engine snorted,
the ropes straightened, and the big bridge began to groan and creak. It
seemed as if nothing could make the meteorite leave its home; but at
last a great shout from the men told that the sledge was slowly moving,
and then crash went the wine-bottle, and “I name thee AH-NI-GHI´-TO,”
said the little godmother.

Having once started, the great stone moved slowly and steadily along the
greased track, until it rested over the open hatch. Then the men gave
three cheers for AH-NI-GHI´-TO, the little godmother, and three more for
her father, who had overcome all the obstacles and at last succeeded in
getting the largest known meteorite safely on board.

The Eskimos stood on shore and watched everything with the greatest
interest, but they could not be persuaded to come on board ship. They
felt very sure the vessel would sink and all be lost, as were the men,
sledge, and dogs that were taking away the iron woman’s head.

[Illustration: _Winter in the Snowland_]

It required a few more days of labor to get the unwilling monster into
the hold of the ship, and then AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S father said they must not
tarry longer, for already the new ice was beginning to form in the bay,
and in a short time it would be too thick for the ship to force her way
through, and they would be obliged to spend the winter in the Snowland.
As no one was prepared to do this, every one felt a little anxious until
the open sea was again reached. But here a new trouble awaited
AH-NI-GHI´-TO and her friends; for a terrible storm arose, and the ship
rolled and tossed about until it seemed as if the iron stone must surely
dash through the ship’s side. Of course AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S father had men
watching all the time to notice the slightest change, but everything had
been so securely packed that nothing moved. AH-NI-GHI´-TO was very glad
when at last the storm was over and the big waves calmed down, for she
had had her first attack of seasickness, and did not like it at all.
After the storm the weather grew milder, and AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S father told
her she might visit her birthplace at the head of Bowdoin Bay, which
pleased her very much. She knew the little black house where the stork
had brought her had been burned, but Baby Lake and the gravel bank, the
big black cliffs of Mt. Bartlett, and the great white glacier were all
old friends, and AH-NI-GHI´-TO wanted to see them again. Ere the bay was
reached the snow had begun to fall, and by the time AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S
birthplace was reached several inches of snow-covered everything.
Nevertheless she was taken ashore by her father and mother, and on the
spot where the little black house once stood, she brushed the snow away
and picked a handful of big yellow poppies. Up on the gravel bank she
dug out a few white round pebbles and then paid a visit to the little
lake. Here she found three pretty ducks swimming about; but as soon as
the little fur-clad figure appeared they flew away over the hills and
only the steep brown cliffs of the great mountain frowned down upon her,
and in the distance the surface of the white glacier gleamed through the
fast-falling snow. The storm was increasing in violence, and
AH-NI-GHI´-TO was hurried back to the ship.

[Illustration: _Ah-ni-ghi´-to on the Site of the Little Black House_]

Good-bye was said to all the Eskimos, with promises of a return some
day, and the ship started for home.

This had been a very unusual summer. Much snow had fallen, and many
storms took the place of the usual sunshine. The natives laid all this
to the removing of the iron mountain, and told AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S father,
when they bade him good-bye, that they feared they would never see him
again, for they were sure the ship, with all on board, would go to the
bottom of the sea.

They were very much distressed, and begged him to put the stone ashore
here, and thus avoid the ill luck which would surely befall him. He
tried to assure them that the ship would reach home safely, but they
seemed very sad when the vessel steamed away.

For a time it seemed as if the weather had united with the evil spirit
which the Eskimos had said protected the iron stones, and the wind and
sea together tried their best to set free the great meteorite by
pounding it through the ship’s sides or turning the vessel over.

But the good ship withstood all their attacks, and finally the stormy
wind became a favoring breeze and smoothed the tumbling waves into a
smiling sea.

AH-NI-GHI´-TO was now bound for home, and the vessel steamed steadily
toward the south, stopping at one point to take on board a party of
gentlemen who had spent the summer studying the rocks and ice rivers.
Still farther south, another stop was made to gather fossils.
AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S father took her with him to the fossil-beds, as the
scientific men called the hillside where the fossils were to be found,
and showed her the flat shaly stones which when split open had pictures
of leaves and twigs upon the inner surface. He told her that many, many
years ago, it was always summer in this spot where now it was always
winter; that the ground on which she stood was then covered with ferns
and flowers instead of snow and ice; and that, just as she had seen her
mother press the flowers she had gathered, in the sunny places among the
rocks, between the leaves of books to preserve them that she might show
them to friends at home, so these ferns and leaves of long, long ago had
been pressed, by the wind and rain, between sheets of mud which have
turned to stone, so that the learned men who were now opening these
stone books, or fossils, with their hammers could see what kind of
plants and trees grew then in this country.

After a few hours AH-NI-GHI´-TO was again on her way South; and the next
stopping-place was a little town called Umanak, made up of only about a
dozen habitations. There were three Danish families in this place, but
in only one family were there children, and these children, five in
number, had never in all their lives seen another white child before.
They were delighted with AH-NI-GHI´-TO. Each one tried to do more for
her than the other, and while AH-NI-GHI´-TO could not understand one
word of their language and they could not understand a word of hers, yet
they had a happy afternoon together. AH-NI-GHI´-TO’S toys were as new to
them as their quaint and mostly homemade ones were to her. They were
dear, generous, good-hearted little ones, and wanted to make
AH-NI-GHI´-TO a present of everything she admired. They had funny little
Eskimo dolls made of rags, and dressed just like an Eskimo girl, with
long fur stockings, with the fur side next the leg, and over these,
tanned sealskin boots; short sealskin trousers, with the fur on the
outside, and trimmed down the front with bands of colored leather. The
body was covered with a woollen blouse, shaped like one of our sweaters,
and lined with eiderdown. The bottom of the blouse was trimmed with
ribbon. Seaweed was used for the hair, which was tied up in a top knot
with a broad piece of ribbon.

The dolls were not pretty, but very odd, and unlike any AH-NI-GHI´-TO
had ever seen; and these little children were just as fond of them as
AH-NI-GHI´-TO was of her beautiful bisque dolls, which have real hair
and can open and shut their eyes. They insisted on giving one of their
dolls to AH-NI-GHI´-TO to take home with her. AH-NI-GHI´-TO felt very
proud of this gift, and said she would keep it always in remembrance of
the little strangers who were so kind to her. She gave them oranges, the
first they had ever seen. It was not until she had peeled one and broken
it in pieces that she could make the eldest, a little boy who was about
seven years old, believe it was not a ball, but a fruit, and good to
eat.

When they had tasted of the orange, they could hardly wait to peel
others before eating them. When AH-NI-GHI´-TO saw that they liked this
new fruit, she sent them a basket full, all she had left, as soon as she
returned to the ship. The Eskimos in this place brought pretty little
sealskin boots and slippers decorated with bits of colored leather to
AH-NI-GHI´-TO, also toy boats and sledges patterned after the large ones
which they used. Laura, too, received her share of souvenirs, for she
was a great curiosity, both to the Eskimos as well as the white people.
Some of the natives had never even heard of colored people.

Towards evening AH-NI-GHI´-TO bade all her new friends good-bye,
promising to surely visit them if she ever made the voyage to the
Snowland again.

[Illustration: _Ah-ni-ghi´-to on Deck_]

As the good ship sailed South, she gradually came into the zone where
the sun goes down every evening and rises every morning. This
AH-NI-GHI´-TO did not like at all, for now she could not go on deck
after supper as she had been in the habit of doing, nor could she have
daylight in her cabin whenever she pleased by simply pulling the old hat
out of the tiny round window. Instead, she had the moon and stars to
keep her company through the night.

[Illustration: _Ah-ni-ghi´-to’s Birthday_]

One morning (it was the twelfth of September) AH-NI-GHI´-TO awoke and
found on a little stand by the side of her bed a beautiful cake all iced
with chocolate,—this was her favorite cake,—and upon it four colored
candles burning brightly. What do you suppose this meant? It meant that
four years ago that day the stork had brought little AH-NI-GHI´-TO to
her father and mother, in the little black house way up in the Snowland;
so this was her birthday. All the gentlemen on board ship, whom she
called her “brothers,” had remembered the little girl, and her presents
were different from any she had ever received on her other birthdays.
There were ivory rings, an ivory locket and chain, and an ivory cross;
all these had been carved by the Eskimos. Then there were two white-fox
skins, and two blue-fox skins; sealskin mittens, shoes, and slippers; a
muff and neckpiece made of eiderdown, and a lovely eiderdown quilt, with
the beautiful green and black skins of the necks of the birds used as a
border all around it. But the funniest thing of all was a big Eskimo
doll, almost as tall as AH-NI-GHI´-TO herself, dressed like an Eskimo
hunter, with his sealskin trousers and coat, and his fur hood pulled
over his face in true Eskimo style. Such a happy little girl she was
that day. In the afternoon she invited her friends, whom she called her
brothers, to share her cake and whatever else could be found in the
“goody” line. What a jolly time there was in the little cabin! Every one
wished AH-NI-GHI´-TO “many happy returns of the day;” the captain
hoisted the stars and stripes on the mainmast, and the engineer blew
four loud blasts with the whistle. This, he said, would let all the
seals and walrus, and even the polar bears, if there were any within
hearing distance, know that there was a celebration on board ship, and
that AH-NI-GHI´-TO, the Snow Baby, was four years old that day. If they
heard the whistle, they did not make any sign, for not an animal was to
be seen.

It was still a week’s sailing before the American shore would be
reached, and AH-NI-GHI´-TO began to grow eager to get home, where she
had left her family of dolls, taking only her eldest with her, for, she
said, “they must miss a mother’s care, poor things, and I am homesick
for them too. I wonder what they will say to the new Eskimo sister and
brother that I am bringing to them. I hope they will be pleased, even if
the new children are not beauties. Then, too, I am so anxious to tell
all my dear ones what a good time I have had, and to show them my new
presents and also to give them the curious things I have brought from
the Snowland for them.”

At last the shore was in sight, and toward evening it was reached. That
night AH-NI-GHI´-TO slept in a hotel with her father and mother; and
very queer it felt to sleep in a bed that did not rock to and fro, and
to wake in the night and not hear the steady, even pulsing of the
engine, together with the swish of the waves against the ship’s sides,
which had been her steady company for nearly three months.

[Illustration: _Home Again_]

There was still a long journey to be made on the railroad, and
AH-NI-GHI´-TO thought it would never end. But at last, with a clanging
of bells and a puffing of steam, the long dusty train rolled into the
station, and there among the eager crowd AH-NI-GHI´-TO saw her “Tante”
and the gentle kindly face of “dear old Grossma,” both glad to have
their baby back again safe and well.

Of course there was much to hear and much to tell; presents to give,
friends to see, and her own family of dolls to look after and the new
ones to be introduced, until when night came it was a very tired
AH-NI-GHI´-TO that mother tucked away in the little white bed.

“Good night, mother dear,” she said. “I have had a very nice time, and I
am glad to have seen the Snowland again, and ‘Billy-Bah,’ and the little
brown Eskimos, and those dear little children who gave me the Eskimo
doll, even if they could not speak English or German. The christening of
the meteorite was great fun, and I liked the big ship and our funny
little room, and I liked my big brothers on the ship; but I like
Grossma’s house the very best of all, don’t you?”

------------------------------------------------------------------------




                          TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES


 1. Silently corrected typographical errors and variations in spelling.
 2. Archaic, non-standard, and uncertain spellings retained as printed.
 3. Enclosed italics font in _underscores_.





End of Project Gutenberg's The Snow Baby, by Josephine Diebitsch Peary