Produced by MFR, Les Galloway and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive)





                          Transcriber’s Notes

Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected.

The footnotes are located at the end of the sections that refer to them.

Italics are represented thus _italic_.

In the original, many of the chapters have decorative borders above the
title. These have not been indicated.




                                  THE

                       Folk-Speech of Cumberland

                     AND SOME DISTRICTS ADJACENT;

                                 BEING

                       SHORT STORIES AND RHYMES

                      IN THE DIALECTS OF THE WEST
                           BORDER COUNTIES.

                                  BY

                    ALEXANDER CRAIG GIBSON, F.S.A.

            What hempen Home-spuns have we swaggering here.

                     _A Midsummer Night’s Dream._

            Speech, manners, morals, all without disguise.

                           _The Excursion._

                      LONDON: JOHN RUSSELL SMITH;
                        CARLISLE: GEO. COWARD.
                              MDCCCLXIX.




                                  TO

                          WILLIAM DICKINSON,

                    OF NORTH MOSSES AND THORNCROFT,

                               F. L. S.,

        Author of “A Glossary of Cumberland Words and Phrases,”
          “Lamplugh Club,” “A Prize Essay on the Agriculture
                  of West Cumberland,” “The Botany of
                      Cumberland,” &c., &c., &c.,

                       THIS VOLUME IS INSCRIBED,

               IN CORDIAL RECOGNITION OF THE PRE-EMINENT
           INDUSTRY AND SKILL DISPLAYED IN HIS ELUCIDATIONS
                         OF THE HOMELY SPEECH
                 OF OUR NATIVE COUNTY, AND IN GRATEFUL
               ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF THE UNFAILING SYMPATHY
                   AND THE KINDLY HELP WITH WHICH HE
                      HAS BRIGHTENED A FRIENDSHIP
                            OF MANY YEARS.




PREFACE.


One or two of the Cumberland stories included in this volume, as well
as some of the pieces in rhyme, have already been circulated very
largely in newspapers, pamphlets, and collections. Their reappearance,
along with many hitherto unpublished additions, in this aggregated
form, is due mainly to the popularity attained by them separately.
Whether they may be as popular in this more pretentious guise as in
their humbler, and perhaps, more appropriate form, remains to be tried.

I claim superiority over most of the earlier workers in the same
philological ground in respect of the greater purity of my dialect. The
Cumberland speech as written herein is pure Cumbrian, as the speech of
the Scottish pieces, introduced for variety’s sake, is pure Scotch.
Miss Blamire, Stagg, Anderson, Rayson, and others, have all written
their dialect pieces, more or less, in the _Scoto_-Cumbrian which
prevails along the southern side of the west Border. In other respects
my inferiority to those deservedly popular writers is sufficiently
evident. But, as expositions of the folk-speech of those parts of
the County where, and where only, the unadulterated old Norse-rooted
Cumbrian vernacular is spoken, I claim for these Tales and Rhymes the
distinction of surpassing all similar productions, excepting only
the dialect writings of my friend Mr. Dickinson, and perhaps the
_Borrowdale Letter_ of Isaac Ritson, and the _Gwordie and Will_ of
Charles Graham. I should not omit to state, however, that Mr. John
Christian of London, and a writer who assumed the _nom de plume_ of
Jack Todd, have evinced in their contributions to the local press, a
mastery over the dialect of Whitehaven and its vicinity which makes us
wish that their pens had been more prolific.

For the illustrations I have attempted of the speech of High Furness
and its Westmorland border, I ask no such distinction. The dialect
there, as in the adjacent parts of Cumberland, is vitiated by an
intermixture of that of the County Palatine, of which Furness forms
a portion; and as it is spoken, so, if written at all, should it be
written. These appear here for the reason already assigned for the
introduction of the Rhymes given in the dialect of Dumfriesshire.

The work rests its claims to favourable consideration entirely on its
value as a faithfully rendered contribution to the dialect literature
of the country. No higher estimate is sought for it. The production
of its various contents has been an occasional amusement indulged in
during some of the intervals of leisure and repose afforded by pursuits
of a more important, more engrossing, and it is hoped, a more useful
character, with which, had it in any wise interfered, it had not been
proceeded with. Its composition has been a relaxation, not a task; a
divertisement, not an occupation; and had its success when published
been deemed incompatible with these conditions, it had not appeared.

  BEBINGTON,
  _December 18th, 1868_.




CONTENTS.


                                                                   PAGE

  Joe and the Geologist            (Cumberland)                        1

  T’ Reets on’t                      (Ibid.)                           7

  Bobby Banks’s Bodderment           (Ibid.)                          17

  Wise Wiff                          (Ibid.)                          27

  Lal Dinah Grayson                  (Ibid.)                          37

  Jwohnny, Git oot!                  (Ibid.)                          40

  The Runaway Wedding                (Ibid.)                          43

  Billy Watson’ Lonning              (Ibid.)                          46

  Lone and Weary                     (Ibid.)                          50

  T’ Clean Ned o’ Kes’ick            (Ibid.)                          53

  Ben Wells                          (Ibid.)                          57

  Sannter Bella                      (Ibid.)                          60

  Branthet Neùk Boggle               (Ibid.)                          63

  Mary Ray and Me                    (Ibid.)                          73

  The Bannasyde Cairns            (High Furness.)                     76

  Betty Yewdale                      (Ibid.)                          82

  The Skulls of Calgarth           (Westmorland.)                     89

  Māp’ment                         (High Furness.)                   101

  Oxenfell Dobby                     (Ibid.)                         104

  Meenie Bell                      (Dumfriesshire.)                  113

  A Lockerbye Lyck                 (Old Scotch.)                     116

  The Farmers’ Wives o’ Annandale  (Dumfriesshire.)                  128

  A Reminiscence of Corrie           (Ibid.)                         131

  Reminiscences of Lockerbie         (Ibid.)                         143

  Yan o’ t’ Elect                  (Cumberland.)                     151

  Keàtie Curbison’s Cat              (Ibid.)                         157

  Joseph Thompson’s Thumb            (Ibid.)                         160

  Cursty Benn                        (Ibid.)                         168

  Tom Railton’s White Spats          (Ibid.)                         172

  A Sneck Possett                    (Ibid.)                         180

  Remarks on the Cumberland Dialect                                  183

  Glossary                                                           189




JOE AND THE GEOLOGIST.


Ya het foorneun, when we war oa’ gaily thrang at heàm, an oald
gentleman mak’ of a fellow com’ in tul ooar foald an’ said, whyte
nateral, ’at he wantit somebody to gà wid him on’t fells. We oa’
stopt an’ teuk a gud leuk at him afoor anybody spak; at last fadder
said, middlin’ sharp-like—(he ola’s speaks that way when we’re owte
sa thrang, does fadder)—“We’ve summat else to deu here nor to gà
rakin ower t’fells iv a fine day like this, wid nèabody kens whoa.”
T’gentleman was a queerish like oald chap, wid a sharp leuk oot, grey
hair and a smo’ feàce—drist i’ black, wid a white neckcloth like a
parson, an’ a par of specks on t’top of a gay lang nwose at wasn’t
set varra fair atween t’ e’en on him, sooa ’at when he leuk’t ebbem
at yan through his specks he rayder turn’t his feàce to t’ya side. He
leuk’t that way at fadder, gev a lal chèarful bit of a laugh an’ said,
iv his oan mak’ o’ toke, ’at he dudn’t want to hinder wark, but he wad
give anybody ’at ken’t t’fells weel, a matter o’ five shillin’ to gà
wid him, an’ carry two lāl bags. “’Howay wid tha, Joe,” sez fadder to
me, “it’s a croon mair nor iver thou was wūrth at heàm!” I meàd nèa
words aboot it, but gat me-sel’ a gud lūmp of a stick, an’ away we set,
t’oald lang nwos’t man an’ me, ebbem up t’ deàl.

As we war’ climmin’ t’fell breist, he geh me two empty bags to carry,
meàd o’ ledder. Thinks I to me-sel’, “I’s gān to eddle me five shillin’
middlin’ cannily.” I niver thowte he wad finnd owte on t’ fells to full
his lal bags wid, but I was misteàn!

He turn’t oot to be a far lisher oald chap nor a body wad ha’ thowte,
to leuk at his gray hair and his white hankecher an’ his specks. He
went lowpin owre wet spots an’ gūrt steàns, an’ scrafflin across craggs
an’ screes, tul yan wad ha’ sworn he was sūmmat a kin tul a Herdwick
tip.

Efter a while he begon leukin’ hard at oa’t steàns an’ craggs we com’
at, an’ than he teuk till breckan lūmps off them wid a queer lal
hammer he hed wid him, an’ stuffin t’ bits intil t’ bags ’at he geh me
to carry. He fairly cap’t me noo. I dudn’t ken what to mak o’ sec a
customer as t’is! At last I cudn’t help axin him what meàd him cum sèa
far up on t’fell to lait bits o’ steàns when he may’d finnd sèa many
doon i’t deàls? He laugh’t a gay bit, an’ than went on knappin’ away
wid his lal hammer, an’ said he was a jolly jist. Thinks I to me-sel’,
thou’s a jolly jackass, but it maks nèa matter to me if thou no’but
pays me t’ five shillin’ thou promish’t ma.

Varra weel, he keep’t on at this feckless wark tul gaily leàt at on i’t
efter-neun, an’ be that time o’ day he’d pang’t beàth o’t ledder pwokes
as full as they wad hod wid bits o’ steàn.

I’ve nit sèa offen hed a harder darrak efter t’ sheep, owther at
clippin time or soavin time, as I hed followin’ that oald grey heidit
chap an’ carryin’ his ledder bags. But hooiver, we gat back tul oor
house afoor neeght. Mūdder gev t’ oald jolly jist, as he co’t his-sel’,
some breid an’ milk, an’ efter he’d teàn that an’ toak’t a lal bit wid
fadder aboot sheep farming an’ sec like, he pait ma me five shillin’
like a man, an’ than tel’t ma he wad gi’ ma ūdder five shillin’ if I
wad bring his pwokes full o’ steàns doon to Skeàl-hill be nine o’clock
i’t mwornin’.

He set off to woak to Skeàl-hill just as it was growin’ dark; an’ neist
mwornin’, as seun as I’d gitten me poddish, I teuk t’ seàm rwoad wid
his ledder bags ower me shoolder, thinkin’ tul me-sel’ ’at yan may’d
mak a lal fortune oot o’ thūr jolly jists if a lock mair on them wad
no’but come oor way.

It was anūdder het mwornin’, an’ I hedn’t woak’t far till I begon to
think that I was as gūrt a feul as t’oald jolly jist to carry brocken
steàns o’ t’ way to Skeàl-hill, when I may’d finnd plenty iv any rwoad
side, clwose to t’ spot I was tackin’ them tul. Sooa I shack’t them oot
o’ t’ pwokes, an’ then stept on a gay bit leeter widout them.

When I com nār to Skeàl-hill, I fūnd oald Aberram Atchisson sittin on a
steul breckan steàns to mend rwoads wid, an’ I ax’t him if I med full
my ledder pwokes frae his heap. Aberram was varra kaim’ t’ an’ tell’t ma
to tak them ’at wasn’t brocken if I wantit steàns, sooa I tell’t him
hoo it was an’ oa’ aboot it. T’ oald maizlin was like to toytle of his
steul wid laughin’, an’ said me mūdder sud tak gud care on ma, for I
was ower sharp a chap to leeve varra lang i’ this warld; but I’d better
full my pwokes as I liked, an’ mak’ on wid them.

T’ jolly jist hed just gitten his breakfast when I gat to Skeàl-hill,
an’ they teuk ma intil t’ parlour tul him. He gūrned oa’t feàce ower
when I went in wid his bags, an’ tell’t me to set them doon in a neuk,
an’ than ax’t ma if I wad hev some breakfast. I said I’d gitten me
poddish, but I dudn’t mind; sooa he tell’t them to bring in some mair
coffee, an’ eggs, an’ ham, an’ twoastit breid an’ stuff, an’ I gat sec
a breakfast as I never seed i’ my time, while t’ oald gentleman was
gittin’ his-sel’ rūddy to gang off in a carriage ’at was waitin’ at t’
dooar for him.

When he com doon stairs he geh me t’udder five shillin’ an’ pait for my
breakfast an’ what he’d gitten his-sel’. Than he tell’t ma to put t’
ledder bags wid t’ steàns in them on beside t’ driver’s feet, an’ in he
gat, an’ laugh’t an’ noddit, an’ away he went.

I niver owder seed nor heard mair of t’ oald jolly jist, but I’ve offen
thowte ther mun be parlish few steàns i’ his country, when he was sooa
pleas’t at gittin’ two lāl ledder bags full for ten shillin’, an’ sec a
breakfast as that an’. It wad be a faymish job if fadder could sell o’
t’ steàns iv oor fell at five shillin’ a pwokeful—wadn’t it?




                            T’ REETS ON’T;

                                 BEING

          _Another Supplement to “Joe and the Geologist.”_[1]

                           BY JOE HIS-SEL’.


That Tommy Towman’s a meàst serious leear—an’, like o’ leears, he’s
a desper’t feùl. By jing! if I hed a dog hoaf as daft I wad hang’t,
that wad I! He gits doon aboot Cockerm’uth an’ Wūrki’ton, noo’s an’
than’s; an’ sūm gentlemen theear, they tak’ him inta t’ Globe or t’
Green Draggin, an’ jūst for nowte at o’ else but acoase they think he
kens me, they feed him wid drink an’ they hod him i’ toak till he can
hardly tell whedder end on him’s upbank; an’ than they dro’ him on to
tell them o’ mak’s o’ teàls—o’ mak’s but true an’s—aboot me; an’ t’
pooar lāl gowk hesn’t gumption aneuf to see ’at they’re no’but makin’
ghem on him. But, loavin’ surs! if he’d hed t’ sense of a gūrse gā’n
gezlin he wad niver ha’ browte oot sec a lafter o’ lees as he’s gitten
yan o’ them Wūrki’ton gentlemen (yan ’at ken’s weel hoo to write doon
oor heàmly toke) to put inta prent; an’ what mak’s yan madder nor o’ t’
rest,—to put them i’ prent jūst as if I’d tel’t them me-sel’. I’s nūt
t’ chap to try to cum ower an oald jolly jist wid whinin’ oot “Fadder’s
deid!” when ivery body kens ’at fadder’s whicker nor meàst on us. My
sarty! he’s nin o’ t’ deein’ mak’ isn’t fadder. Wes’ hev to wūrry
fadder when his time cūms, for he’ll niver dee of his-sel’ sa lang as
ther’s any wark to hoond yan on tull. An’ I needn’t tell any body ’at
knows _me_, ’at I was niver t’ chap to tak’ in owder a jolly jist or
any udder feùl; an’ if I was, I’s nūt a likely fellow to be freeten’t
for what I’d done. But ther’s m’appen sūm ’at doesn’t; an’ mebbee
ther’s a lock ’at doesn’t know what a leear Tommy Towman is, an’ sooa,
bee t’ way o’ settin’ me-sel’ reet wid beath maks, I’ll tell yé what
_dūd_ gā forret ’atween me an’ t’ jolly jist t’ seckint time he com tul
Skeàl-hill.

I said afooar ’at I’d niver seen mair o’ t’ oald jolly jist, an’ when I
said that, I hedn’t; but yā donky neet last summer fadder hed been doon
Lorton way, an’ ’t was gaily leàt when he gat heàm. As he was sittin’
iv his oàn side o’ t’ fire, tryin’ to lowse t’ buttons of his spats, he
says to me, “Joe,” says he, “I co’t at Skeàl-hill i’ my rwoad heàm.”
Mudder was sittin’ knittin’ varra fast at hūr side o’ t’ hārth; she
hedn’t oppen’t her mooth sen fadder co’ heàm,—nay, she hedn’t sa mūch
as leuk’t at him efter t’ ya hard glowre ’at she gev him at t’ fūrst;
but when he said he’d been at Skeàl-hill, she gev a grunt, an’ said,
as if she spak till nèabody but hur-sel’, “Ey! a blinnd body med see
that.” “I was speakin’ till Joe,” says fadder. “Joe,” says he, “I was
at Skeàl-hill”—anudder grunt—“an’ they tel’t me ’at thy oald frind t’
jolly jist’s back ageàn—I think thu’d better slip doon an’ see if he
wants to buy any mair brocken steàns; oald Aberram has a fine heap or
two liggin aside Kirgat. An’, noo, ’at I’ve gitten them spats off, I’s
away to my bed.” Mudder tok a partin’ shot at him as he stacker’t off.
She said, “It wad be as weel for sūm on us if yé wad bide theear, if yé
mean to carry on i’ t’ way ye’re shappin’!” Noo, this was hardly fair
o’ mudder, for it’s no’but yance iv a way ’at fadder cū’s heàm leàt
an’ stackery; but I wasn’t sworry to see him git a lāl snape, he’s sae
rūddy wid his snapes his-sel’. I ken’t weel aneuf he was no’but mackin’
ghem o’ me aboot gittin’ mair brass oot o’ t’ oald jolly jist, but I
thowte to me-sel’, thinks I, I’ve deun many a dafter thing nor tak’ him
at his wūrd, whedder he meen’t it or nūt, an’ sooa thowte, sooa deùn;
for neist mwornin’ I woak’t me-sel’ off tull Skeàl-hill.

When I gat theear, an’ as’t if t’ jolly jist was sturrin’, they yan
snùrtit an’ anudder gurn’t, till I gat rayder maddish; but at last yan
o’ them skipjacks o’ fellows ’at ye see weearin’ a lāl jacket like a
lass’s bedgoon, sed he wad see. He com back laughin’, an’ said, “Cūm
this way, Joe.” Well, I follow’t him till he stopp’t at a room dooar,
an’ he gev a lal knock, an’ than oppen’t it, an’ says, “Joe, sur,” says
he. I wasn’t gā’n to stand that, ye know, an’ says I, “Joe, sur,” says
I, “he’ll ken it’s Joe, sur,” says I, “as seùn as he sees t’ feàce o’
me;” says I, “an’ if thoo doesn’t git oot o’ that wid thy ‘Joe, sur,’”
says I, “I’ll fetch the’ a clink under t’ lug ’at ’ll mak’ the’ laugh
at t’ wrang side o’ that ugly mug o’ thine, thoo gūrnin yap, thoo!”
Wid that he skipt oot o’ t’ way gaily sharp, an’ I stept whietly into
t’ room. Theear he was, sittin at a teàble writin—t’ grey hair, t’
specks, t’ lang nwose, t’ white hankecher, an’ t’ black cleàs, o’ just
as if he’d niver owder doff’t his-sel’ or donn’t his-sel’ sen he went
away. But afooar I cūd put oot my hand or say a civil wūrd tull him, he
glentit up at mé throo his specks, iv his oan oald sideways fashion—but
varra feùrce-like—an’ grūntit oot sum’at aboot wūnderin’ hoo I dār’t to
shew my feàce theear. Well! this pot t’ cap on t’ top of o’. I’d chow’t
ower what fadder said, an’ _hoo_ he’d said it i’ my rwoad doon, till I
fūnd me-sel’ gittin rayder mad aboot that. T’ way ’at they snurtit an’
laugh’t when I com to Skeàl-hill meàd me madder; an’ t’ bedgoon cwoatit
fellow wid his “Joe, sur,” meàd me madder nor iver; but t’ oald jolly
jist, ’at I thowte wad be sa fain to see mé agean, if t’ hed no’but
been for t’ seàk of oor sprogue on t’ fells togidder—wùnderin’ ’at I
dar’t show my feàce theear, fairly dreàv me _rantin’_ mad, an’ I _düd_
mak a brūst.

“Show my feàce!” says I, “an’ what sùd I show than?” says I. “If it
cūms to showin’ feàces, I’ve a better feàce to show nor iver belang’t
to yan o’ your breed,” says I, “if t’ rest on them’s owte like t’
sample they’ve sent us; but if yé mūn know, I’s cūm’t of a stock ’at
niver wad be freetn’t to show a feàce till a king, let aleàn an oald
newdles wid a creùkt nwose, ’at co’s his-sel’ a jolly jist: an’ I defy
t’ feàce o’ clay,” says I, “to say ’at any on us iver dūd owte we need
shām on whoariver we show’t oor feàces. Dār’ to show my feàce, eh?”
says I, “my song! but this is a bonnie welcome to give a fellow ’at’s
cum’t sa far to see yé i’ seckan a mwornin!” I said a gay deal mair
o’ t’ seàm mak’, an’ o’ t’ while I was sayin’ on’t—or, I sūd say, o’ t’
while I was shootin’ on’t, for I dudn’t spar’ t’ noise—t’ oald divel
laid his-sel’ back iv his girt chair, an’ keept twiddlin’ his thooms
an’ glimin’ ūp at mé, wid a hoaf smūrk iv his feàce, as if he’d gitten
sum’at funny afooar him. Efter a while I stopt, for I’d ron me-sel’
varra nār oot o’ winnd, an’ I begon rayder to think shām o’ shootin’
an’ bellerin’ sooa at an oald man, an’ him as whisht as a troot throo
it o’; an’ when I’d poo’t in, he just said as whietly as iver, ’at I
was a natteral cur’osity. I dùdn’t ken weel what this meen’t, but I
thowte it was soace, an’ it hed like to set mé off ageàn, but I beàtt
it doon as weel as I cūd, an’ I said, “Hev yé gitten owte ageān mé?”
says I. “If yé hev, speak it oot like a man, an’ divn’t sit theear
twiddlin yer silly oald thooms an’ coa’in fwoke oot o’ ther neàms i’
that rwoad!” Than it o’ com oot plain aneuf. O’ this illnater was just
acoase I hedn’t brong him t’ steàns ’at he’d gedder’t on t’ fells that
het day, an’ he said ’at changin’ on them was ayder a varra dūrty trick
or a varra clumsy jwoke. “Trick!” says I. “Jwoke! dud yé say? It was
rayder past a jwoke to expect me to carry a leàd o’ brocken steàns
o’ t’ way here, when ther’ was plenty at t’ spot. I’s nūt sec a feùl as
ye’ve teàn me for.” He tok off his specks, an’ he glower’t at mé adoot
them; an’ than he pot them on ageàn, an’ glower’t at mé wid them; an’
than he laugh’t an’ ax’t mé if I thowte ther’ cud be nèa difference i’
steàns. “Whey,” says I, “ye’ll hardly hev t’ feàce to tell me ’at ya
bag o’ steàns isn’t as gud as anudder bag o’ steàns—an’ suer_lye_ to
man, ye’ll niver be sa consaitit as to say yé can break steàns better
nor oald Aberram ’at breaks them for his breid, an’ breaks them o’ day
lang, an’ ivery day?” Wid that he laugh’t agean an’ tel’t mé to sit
doon, an’ than ax’t me what I thowte meàd him tak so mickle trùble
laitin’ bits o’ stean on t’ fells if he cud git what he wantit at t’
rwoad side. “Well!” says I, “if I mun tell yé t’ truth, I thowte yé
war rayder nick’t i’ t’ heid; but it meàd nea matter what I thowte sa
lang as yé pait mé sa weel for gān wid yé.” As I said this, it com
into my held ’at it’s better to flaitch a feùl nor to feight wid him;
an’ efter o’, ’at ther’ may’d be sum’at i’ t’ oald man likin steans
of his oan breakin’ better nor ūdder fwoke’s. I remember’t t’ fiddle
’at Dan Fisher meàd, an’ thowte was t’ best fiddle ’at iver squeak’t,
for o’ it meàd ivery body else badly to hear’t; an’ wad bray oald Ben
Wales at his dancing scheùl boal acoase Ben wadn’t play t’ heàm meád
fiddle asteed of his oan. We o’ think meàst o’ what we’ve hed a hand in
oorsel’s—it’s no’but natteral; an’ sooa as o’ this ron throo my heid,
I fūnd me-sel’ gitten rayder sworry for t’ oald man, an’ I says, “What
wad yé gi’ me to git yé o’ yer oan bits o’ steàn back ageàn?” He cockt
up his lugs at this, an’ ax’t mé if his speciments, as he co’t them,
was seàf. “Ey,” says I, “they’re seàf aneùf; nèabody hereaboot ’ill
think a lal lock o’ steans worth meddlin’ on, sa lang as they divn’t
lig i’ the’r rwoad.” Wid that he jūmpt ūp an’ said I mud hev sum’at
to drink. Thinks I to me-sel’, “Cūm! we’re gittin’ back to oor oan
menseful way ageàn at t’ lang last, but I willn’t stūr a peg till I ken
what I’s to hev for gittin him his rubbish back, I wad niver hear t’
last on’t if I went heàm em’ty handit.” He meád it o’ reet hooiver,
as I was tackin’ my drink; an’ he went up t’ stair an’ brong doon t’
ledder bags I kent sa weel, an’ geh mé them to carry just as if nowte
hed happen’t, an’ off we startit varra like as we dūd afooar.

T’ Skeàl-hill fwoke o’ gedder’t aboo’t dooar to leùk efter us, as if
we’d been a show. We, nowder on us, mindit for that, hooiver, but
stump’t away togidder as thick as inkle weavers till we gat till t’
feùt of oor girt meedow, whoar t’ steans was liggin, aside o’ t’
steel, just as I’d teem’t them oot o’ t’ bags, only rayder grown ower
wid gūrse. As I pick’t them up, yan by yan, and handit them to t’ oald
jolly jist, it dūd my heart gūd to see hoo pleas’t he leùkt, as he
wipet them on his cwoat cūff, an’ wettit them, an’ glower’t at them
throo his specks as if they wer’ sum’at gud to eat, an’ he was varra
hungry—an’ pack’t them away into t’ bags till they wer’ beàth chock
full ageàn.

Well! t’ bargin was, ’at I sud carry them to Skeàl-hill. Sooa back
we pot—t’ jolly jist watchin’ his bags o’ t’ way as if t’ steans was
guineas, an’ I was a thief. When we gat theear, he meàd me’ tak’ them
reet into t’ parlour; an’ t’ fūrst thing he dūd was to co’ for sum reed
wax an’ a leet, an’ clap a greet splatch of a seal on t’ top of ayder
bag; an’ than he leūkt at me, an’ gev a lal grunt of a laugh, an’ a
smartish wag of his heid, as much as to say, “Dee it agean, if thoo
can, Joe!” But efter that he says, “Here, Joe,” says he, “here five
shillin’ for restworin’ my speciments, an’ here anudder five shillin’
for showin’ mé a speciment of human natur’ ’at I didn’t believe in till
to-day.” Wid that, we shak’t hands an’ we partit; an’ I went heàm as
pleas’t as a dog wi’ two tails, jinglin’ my mūnny an’ finndin’ sūm way
as if I was hoaf a jolly jist me-sel’—an’ whoa kens but I was? For when
I gat theear, I says to fadder, “Fadder,” says I, “leùk yé here! If o’
yer jibes turn’t to sec as this, I divn’t mind if ye jibe on till yé’ve
jibed yer-sel’ intul a tip’s whorn;” says I, “but I reckon yé niver
jibed to sec an’ end for yer-sel’ as ye’ve jibed for me this time!”

FOOTNOTES:

[1] “A supplement to Joe and the Geologist, by another hand,” appeared
some time ago, in the _Whitehaven Herald_, and was afterwards published
as a pamphlet. Joe, considering himself misrepresented in that
production, able as it was, wishes to put himself right. Hence his
re-appearance before his many partial and indulgent friends.




                       BOBBY BANKS’ BODDERMENT.

                 (_A Sup of Coald Keàl het up ageàn._)


She was ola’s a top marketer was ooar Betty, she niver miss’t gittin’
t’ best price gā’n beàth for butter an’ eggs; an’ she ken’t hoo to
bring t’ ho’pennies heàm! Nūt like t’ meàst o’ fellows’ wives ’at
thinks there’s nèa hūrt i’ warin’ t’ odd brass iv a pictur’ beuk
or gūd stūff for t’ barnes or m’appen sūm’at whyte as needless for
ther’sels,—Betty ola’s brong t’ ho’pennies heàm.

Cockerm’uth’s ooar reg’lar market—it’s a gay bit t’ bainer—but at t’
time o’ year when Kes’ick’s full o’ quality ther’s better prices to be
gitten theear; an’ sooa o’ through t’ harvest time, an’ leater on, she
ola’s went to Kes’ick. Last back-end, hooiver, Betty was fashed sadly
wid t’ rheumatics iv her back, an’ yā week she cūd hardly git aboot
at o’, let alean gā to t’ market. For a while she wadn’t mak’ ūp her
mind whedder to send me iv her spot, or ooar eldest dowter, Faith; but
as Faith was hardly fowerteen—stiddy aneuf of her yeàge, but _rayder_
yūng,—Betty thowte she’d better keep Faith at heàm an’ let me tak’ t’
marketin’ to Kes’ick.

Of t’ Setterda’ mwornin’, when it com’, she hed us o’ ūp an’ stūrrin,
seùner nor sūm on us liket; an’ when I’d gitten sūm’at to eat, iv a
hūgger mūgger mak’ of a way, says Betty till me, says she—“Here’s six
an’ twenty pūnd o’ butter,” says she. “If thoo was gud for owte thoo
wad git a shilling a pūnd for’t, ivery slake. Here’s five dozen of
eggs,” says she, “_I_ wadn’t give a skell o’ them mair nor ten for
sixpence,” says she, “but _thoo_ mun git what thoo can,” says she,
“efter thu’s fūnd oot what ūdder fwoke’s axin. When thu’s meàd thy
market,” says Betty, “thu’ll gā to t’ draper’s an’ git me a yard o’
check for a brat, a knot o’ tape for strings tūl’t, an’ a hank o’
threed to sowe’t wid—if I’s gud for nowte else, I can _sowe_ yit,” says
she, wid a gurn; “than thoo mūn git hoaf a pūnd o’ tea an’ a quarter
of a steàn o’ sugger—they ken my price at Crosstet’s—an’ hoaf a steàn
o’ soat, an’ a pūnd o’ seàp, an’ hoaf a pūnd o’ starch, an’ a penn’orth
o’ steàn-blue, an’ git me a bottle o’ that stùff to rūb my back wid;
an’ than thoo ma’ git two oonces o’ ’bacca for thysel’.

If thoo leùks hoaf as sharp as thoo sūd leùk thu’ll be through wid
beàth thy marketin’ an’ thy shoppin’ by twelve o’clock; an’ thoo ma’
gā an’ git a bit o’ dinner, like ūdder fwoke, at Mistress Boo’s, an’ a
pint o’ yall. Efter that t’ seùner thoo starts for heàm an’ t’ better.
Noo thu’ll mind an’ forgit nowte? Ther’ t’ check, an’ t’ tape, an’ t’
threed, that’s three things—t’ tea, an’ t’ sugger, an’ t’ soat, an’ t’
seàp, an’ t’ starch, an’ t’ steàn-blue, an’ t’ rūbbin’ stūff, an’ t’
’bacca—I’s up-ho’d the’ nūt to forgit that!—elebben. Ten things for me,
an’ yan for thysel’! I _think_ I’ve meàd o’ plain aneùf; an’ noo, if
thoo misses owte I’ll say thoo’s a bigger clot-heid nor I’ve teàn the’
for—an’ that ’ill be sayin’ nèa lal!”

Many a fellow wad tak t’ ’frunts if his wife spak till him i’ that
way—but bliss yè I leev’t lang aneùf wid Betty to know ’at it’s no’but
a way she hes o’ shewin’ her likin’. When she wants to be t’ kindest
an’ best to yan, yan’s ola’s suer to git t’ warst wūrd iv her belly.

Well, I set off i’ gŭd fettle for Kes’ick, gat theear i’ gradely time,
an’ pot ūp at Mistress Boo’s. I hed a sharpish market, an’ seùn gat
shot o’ my būtter an’ eggs at better prices nor Betty toak’t on. I
bowte o’ t’ things at she wantit, an’ t’ ’bacca for mysel’, an’ gat a
gud dinner at Mistress Boo’s, an’ a pint o’ yall an’ a crack.

He wad be a cliverish fellow ’at went ta Kes’ick an’ gat oot on’t adoot
rain; an’ suer aneùf, by t’ time ’at I’d finished my pint an’ my crack,
it was cūmmin’ doon as it knows hoo to cūm doon at Kes’ick.

But when it rains theear, they hev to deù as they deù ūnder Skiddaw,
_let it fo’!_ an’ wet or dry, I hed to git heàm tūll Betty.

When I was aboot startin’, I begon to think ther’ was sum’at mair to
tak wid me. I coontit t’ things ower i’ my basket hoaf a dozen times.
Theear they o’ warr—ten for Betty, yan for me! Than what the dang-ment
was’t I was forgittin? I was suer it was sūm’at, but for t’ heart on me
I cūdn’t think what it med be. Efter considerin’ for a lang time, an’
gittin’ anūdder pint to help mé to consider, I set off i’ t’ rain wid
my basket an’ t’ things in’t, anonder my top-sark to keep o’ dry.

Bee t’ time I gat to Portinskeàl, I’d begon to tire! T’ wedder was
slattery, t’ rwoads was slashy, t’ basket was heavy, an’ t’ top sark
meàd me het; but t’ thowtes o’ hevin’ forgitten sūm’at tew’t mè t’
warst of o’. I rūstit theear a bit—gat anudder pint, an’ coontit my
things ower and ower, “Ten for Betty!—yan for my-sel.” I cūd mak nowder
mair nor less on them. Cockswūnters!—what hed I forgitten? Or what
was’t ’at meàd mè suer I’d forgitten sūm’at when I’d o’ t’ things wid
mè?

I teuk t’ rwoad agean mair nor hoaf crazy.

I stop’t ūnder a tree aside Springbank, an’ Dr. —— com’ ridin’ up
through t’ rain, on his black galloway. “Why, Robert,” says he, “ye
look as if ye’d lost something.” “Nay, doctor,” says I, “here t’ check
an’ t’ tape an’ t’ threed—I’ lost nowte—that’s three. Here t’ soat, an’
t’ seàp, an’ t’ starch, an’ t’ steàn-blue—that’s sebben—I’ lost nowte,
but I’ forgitten sum’at. Here t’ tea, an’ t’ sugger, an’ t’ rūbbin’
bottle—that’s ten; an’ here t’ ’bacca—that’s elebben.—Ten for Betty,
an’ yan for me! Ten for Betty, an’ yan for me!! Doctor, doctor,” says
I, “fwoke say ye ken oa things—what _hev_ I forgitten?” “I’ll tell ye
what ye haven’t forgotten,” says he, “ye haven’t forgotten the ale at
Keswick. Get home, Robert, get home,” says he, “and go to bed and sleep
it off.” I believe he thowte I was drūnk; but I wasn’t—I was no’but
maizelt wid tryin’ to finnd oot what I’d forgitten.

As I com nār to t’ Swan wid two Necks I fell in wid greet Gweordie
Howe, and says I, “Gweordie, my lad,” says I, “I’s straddelt,” says I,
“I’s fairly maiz’t,” says I. “I left sūm’at ahint me at Kes’ick, an’
I’ve thowte aboot it till my heid’s gā’n like a job-jūrnal,” says I,
“an’ what it is _I_ cannot tell.” “Can t’e nūt?” says Gweordie. “Can
t’e nūt? Whey, than, cūm in an’ see if a pint o’ yall ’ll help thé’.”
Well, I steud pints, an’ Gweordie steud pints, an’ I steud pints ageàn.
Anūdder time I wad ha’ been thinkin’ aboot what Betty wad say till o’
this pintin’, but I was gittin’ despert aboot what I’d forgitten at
Kes’ick, an’ I cūd think o’ nowte else.

T’ yall was gud aneùf, but it dùdn’t kest a morsel o’ leet on what was
bodderin’ on ma sa sair, an’ I teuk t’ rwoad ageàn finndin’ as if I was
farder off’t nor iver.

T’ rain keep’t cūmmin’ doon—t’ rwoad gat softer an’ softer—t’ basket
gat heavier an’ heavier—t’ top sark hetter an’ hetter, an’ my heid
queerer an’ queerer. If I stopt anonder ya tree i’ t’ wūd, I stopt
anonder twenty, an’ coontit ower t’ things i’ t’ basket till they begon
to shap’ theirsels intil o’ mak’s o’ barnish sangs i’ my heid, and I
fūnd mysel’ creunin’ away at sec bits of rhymes as thūrr—

    Ten things an’ yan, Bobby,
      Ten things an’ yan;
    Here five an’ five for Betty Banks,
      An’ yan for Betty’s man.

“Lord preserve oor wits—sec as they ūrr,” says I. “I mūn be gā’n wrang
i’ my heid when I’ve teàn till mackin’ sangs!” But t’ queerest break
was ’at I dūddn’t mak’ them—they meàd thersel’s—an’ they meàd me sing
them an’ o’, whedder I wad or nūt—an’ off I went ageàn till a different
teùn—

    Says Betty—says she; says Betty till me—
      “If owte thou contrives to forgit,
    “I’ll reckon thè’ daizter an’ dafter,” says she,
      “Nor iver I’ve reckon’t thè’ yit.”
    I’s daizter an’ dafter nor iver, she’ll say,
      An’ marry, she willn’t say wrang!
    But scold as she will, ey, an’ gūrn as she may,
      I’ll sing her a bonnie lāl sang, lāl sang,
        I’ll sing her a bonnie lāl sang.

“Well! It hes cūm’t till whoa wad hae thowte it,” says I, “if I cannot
stop mysel’ frae mackin’ sangs an’ singin’ them of a wet day i’ Widdup
Wūd; I’ll coont t’ things ower ageàn,” says I, “an’ see if that’ll stop
ma.” Ye ma’ believe ma or nūt, as ye like, but iv anūdder tick-tack
there was I coontin’ t’ things ower iv a sang:—

    Here t’ check an’ t’ tape an’ t’ threed, oald lad!
      Here t’ soat an’ t’ sugger an’ t’ tea—
    Seàp, starch, steàn-blue, an’ t’ bottle to rub,
      An’ t’ ’bacca by ’tsel’ on’t for me,
    Here t’ ’bacca by ’tsel’ on’t for me, me, me,
      Here t’ ’bacca by ’tsel’ on’t for me.
    I’ll niver git heàm while Bobby’s my neàm,
      But maffle an’ sing till I dee, dee, dee,
        But maffle an’ sing till I dee!

“Weel, weel,” says I, “If I _is_ oot o’ my senses—I IS oot o’ my
senses, an’ that’s oa’ aboot it,—but

    Loavins what’ll Betty think, Betty think, Betty think,
      Loavins what’ll Betty think if Bobby bide away?
    She’ll sweer he’s warin’ t’ brass i’ drink, t’ brass i’ drink,
       t’ brass i’ drink,
      She’ll sweer he’s warin’ t’ brass i’ drink this varra market-day.
    She’s thrimlin’ for her būtter-brass, her būtter-brass, her
       būtter-brass,
      She’s thrimlin’ for her būtter brass, but willn’t thrimle lang.
    For Bobby lad thū’s hūr to feàce, thū’s hūr to feàce, thū’s hūr to
       feàce,
      For Bobby lad, thū’s hūr to feàce; she’ll m’appen change thy sang.

Sang or nèa sang, t’ thowtes o’ hevin’ “hūr to feàce,” an’ that gaily
seùn, rayder brong me to my oan oald sel’ ageàn. I set off yance mair,
an’ this time, I dūdn’t stop while I gat fairly into t’ foald. Faith
seed me cūmmin’, an’ met me oot side o’ t’ hoose dooar, an’ says
Faith, “Whoar t’ meear an’ t’ car, fadder?” I dropp’t my basket, an’ I
geàp’t at her! Lal Jacop com runnin oot, an’ says Jacop, “Fadder, whoar
t’ meear an’ t’ car?” I swattit mysel’ doon on t’ stean binch, an’ I
glower’t at them—furst at yan an’ than at t’ tudder on them. Betty com
limpin’ by t’ God-speed, an’ says Betty, “What hes t’e meàd o’ t’ car
an’ t’ meear, thoo maizlin?” I gat my speech ageàn when Betty spak’,
an’, hoaf crazet an’ hoaf cryin’, I shootit oot, “’Od’s wūns an’ deeth,
that’s what I’s forgitten!” That was what _I_ said. What _Betty_ said I
think I willn’t tell yè.”




                              WISE WIFF.


It was a fine job for Wilfrid Wankelthet ’at his fadder was bworn
afooar him. If he’d cùm’t into t’ warld pooar, he wad ha’ bidden pooar,
an’ geàn pooarer an’ pooarer still, till he’d finish’t on t’ parish.

He was yan o’ t’ hafe-rock’t mack, was Wiffy, varra lāl in him but what
was putten in wid a speùn, an’ that hed run a gay deal mair to body nor
brains.

For o’ that he wasn’t a bad fellow, an’ he wasn’t badly thowte on. Many
a body said ’at Wise Wiff, if he hedn’t mūch in him, t’ lāl he hed in
him wasn’t of a bad pattren; an’ es for his manishment, if he’d nò’but
stuck till his fadder’ advice, he needn’t ha’ gitten sa varra far
wrang.

T’ way he gat his fadder’ advice was this. When t’ oald man fund ’at
he was gà’n whoar he cūdn’t carry his land an’ his morgidges, an’ his
mūnney, an’ his moiderment alang wid him—whoar they wadn’t dee him
mickle gūd if he cūd—he sent for Jobby Jinkison, o’ Jūrtinsyke, a smo’
farmer of his ’at hed deùn a gūd deal o’ bisness for him at fairs,
an’ markets, an’ seàles, an’ sec like, efter he’d growne ower frail
to git fray heàm his-sel; an’, says he, “Jobby, I’s leavin’t o’,” he
says, “I’ve meàd a fair scraffle, Jobby,” says he, “an’ I’ve gedder’t
a gay bit togidder, but I can’t tack it wid me, Jobby, an’ I’s wantin
to speak till thé’ aboot that pooar lad o’ mine, ’at it o’ hes to cūm
till. Nèabody kens better nor thee what he’s shwort on—nèabody kens
so weel hoo I’ve triet to git a bit o’ edication drūven intūl him,
an’ hoo lāl we’ve meàd on’t. Ya scheùlmaister said he was shwort o’
apprehension; anūdder, ’at he wantit ability; an’ a thūrd, ’at he hed
nèa capacity. If thúr hed been things ’at mūnny wad ha’ bowte, he sūd
hed them o’, but they warn’t. What God’s left oot we cannot o’ put
in, thoo knows, an’ we mūn sūbmit—we mūn sūbmit, Jobby,” says he,
“an’ mack t’ best o’ things as they ūrr. But I cūd súbmit better—I cūd
dee easier if thoo wad promish to leùk efter things for him when I’s
geàn. I divn’t want him to be idle o’ togidder, an’ sooa I wad wish
him to keep t’ Booin-leys iv his oan hand—it’ll give him sūm’at to
think aboot, an’ mack fwoke leùk up till him mair nor if he was deùin
nowte at o’; an’ I fancy ’at if thoo wad agree to deù o’ his buyin an’
sellin for him, an’ seàv him fray bein teán in an’ laugh’t at, I cūd
be happier noo. _Wil_’tè?” Jobby wasn’t a man o’ many wūrds, but he
said “I will, maister! I’ll dee o’ for him t’ seám as if ye wer heear
to worder it yersel’ an’ see it deùn. Wid t’ farms o’ weel set—wid t’
Booin-leys liggin i’ girse, an’ wid me to leùk efter his barg’ins,
I wad like to see t’ fellow ’at wad laugh at ooar Wiff.” “I believe
the’, Jobby—I believe the’, my lad,” says t’ deein man, “I leùk’t for
nēa less at thy hand. Fetch him in here, an’ I’ll tell him afooar the’
what I wis him to deù when I’s geàn. Wiffy, my lad,” says he, as his
son com in, leùken, as he thowte, mair sackless nor iver. “Wiffy, my
pooar lad, thy oald fadder’s gā’n to leave thee. Whey, whey, gūd lad!
it’s reet aneùf thoo sūd be sworry to lwoase sec a fadder, but divn’t
gowl i’ that way,” for Wiff hed brassen oot wid a meàst terrable rooar.
“I say I hev to leave thee, an’ that afooar lang. Hod thy noise, thoo
bellerin coaf, an’ hear what I’ve to say,” says t’ fadder, as he got
oot o’ patience at Wiff’s gowlin, an’ went back tūll his oald hard way
o’ speakin til him. “Stop thy beelin, I say, an’ lissen to me. I’ve hed
Jobby here browte ower, ebben o’ pûrpose, to mack him promish ’at he’ll
leùk efter thee when I’s away. Hod t’ noise on the’, wil’té! I’s leavin
the’ weel providit for, an’ o’ t’ land mūn be let but t’ Booin-leys;
thoo mūn keep them i’ thy oan hand—thūrty yacre o’ gûd grūnd. Ey,”
says he, hoaf till hissel, “t’ best land ’at iver laid oot o’ dooars.
Whativer way ye gang fray’t ye warsen! Thoo’ll hod them i’ thy oan
hand, for t’ seàk o’ hevin sūm’at to deù. Thoo’ll hev to leùk efter t’
fences, an’ t’ yatts, an’ t’ water-coorses. Keep _them_ i’ order; an’
keep t’ plew oot o’ t’ land; it ’ill give t’ meàst liggin t’ green side
ūp. Jobby ’ill deù thy tradin’ for the’. Dūnnot thee mell wid buyin or
sellin. Leave o’ that to Jobby, an’ pay him whativer he charges for his
trūble. He’ll deù what’s reet, will Jobby. An’ noo I’s aboot deùn. Gi’
me yer hands, beàth on yé, an’ say ye’ll deù what I tell yè. Wilfrid!
thoo’ll be advised by Jobby. Jobby! thoo’ll be true frind to my pooar
lad, as if I was theear to see. Promish!”

This was a langish noration for a body wid t’ breath leavin him, an’
when it was done he laid back on his pilliver, an’ leùk’t at them varra
wistful-like, till they promish’t, an’ it was a bit afooar they cūd,
for by this time they war beáth on them yewlin, t’ yan ower t’ ùdder,
whedder to yewl t’ hardest.

When t’ oald man was bury’t oot o’ geàt, Wilfrid an’ Jobby wūrk’t away
togidder varra cannily. Job bowte stock for t’ Booin-leys, an’ selt
them as they fatten’t off, an’ enter’t o’ iv a big beùk ’at Wiff niver
so mūch as leùk’t atween t’ backs on. He’d his fadder’s last wūrds for
Jobby deein what was reet, an’ they war aneùf.

Nowte com to put owder on them oot of his way, till Wiff gat a wife—or
mebbe I wad be narder t’ truth if I said, a wife gat Wiff—for when
ivery body seed ’at he went on i’ sec a stiddy soort of a way—gittin
heavy incomins i’ rent, an’ interest, an’ shares, an’ néabody kent
what; an’ makin varra leet ootgangins, it was plain aneùf ’at he wad
seùn be yan o’ t’ yablest men i’ thur parts, an’ t’ lasses begon to
cock ther caps at him of o’ sides—’specially them ’at thowte a man
isn’t wūrth hevin if he hesn’t gitten a bit o’ t’ feàce o’ t’ yūrth;
an’ efter a while yan o’ that mack fassen’t Wiffy.

She meàd him a fairish wife, as wives gang, an’ if she’d no’but been
wise aneùf ta tack him as he was, an’ let things gā on as they hed
deùn, o’ wad been weel; but she cūdn’t bide t’ thowtes of oanin’,
owder till hersel or ūdder fwoke, ’at she’d weddit a Tommy Moakison
for t’ seàk of his brass; an’ sooa she keept eggin him on to dee his
oan tūrns, an’ let fwoke see ’at he wasn’t sec a natteral as he was
co’t. It was this whim-wham o’ t’ wife’s ’at gat him t’ nick-neām of
Wise Wiff, an’ it com tūl him i’ this geàt. Amang t’ stock ga’n on t’
Booin-leys ya year there happen’t to be hoaf a scwore of as bonnie
Galloway Scots as iver hed yār o’ t’ ootside on them. Jobby hed bowte
them i’ t’ spring o’ t’ year at a gūddish price, acoase he seed ther
was mūnny to be gitten oot on them efter a sūmmer’s rūn iv a gūd
pastur’. Jūst as they war rūddy for a cūstomer, an’ Wiff was thinkin o’
gā’n doon to Jobby to toke aboot sellin on them, t’ wife says, “Ther’s
a butcher cūmmin fray Cockerm’uth to-day aboot buyin them Scots.”
“Whey than,” says Wilfrid, “I’s just step doon to Jobby, an’ tell him
to cūm up an’ meet t’ butcher.” “Thoo’ll dee nowte o’ t’ mack,” says
t’ mistress, “Thoo’ll set to wark, as a gentleman sūd dee, an’ let
Jobby Jinkison, an’ ivery body else, see ’at thoo wants néabody to cūm
atween thee an’ thy oan bisness.” “Well, but,” says Wiff, “I promish’t
fadder on his deith-bed ’at Jobby sūd dee o’ t’ buyin’ an’ sellin.”
“Niver thee mind that,” says she, “fadder willn’t cūm back to claim
thee promish, an’ if he dūd, I wad tell him ’at if a promish isn’t reet
it’s wrang to keep it. Thoo’ll dee as I tell thee.” “Well, but,” says
pooar Wiffy ageàn, “fadder meàd me varra nār sweear tul’t.” “Shaff o’
thee fadder!” says she, “What sense is ther i’ flingin a deid fadder
iv a leevin wife’s feàce i’ this ugly fashin. Does t’e know what t’
scriptur’ says aboot it?—’at a man mūn leave his fadder and mudder, an’
stick till his wife! I say ageàn, sell thee oan gūds thee oan sel’, an’
mack t’ best thoo can on them.” “But hoo’s I to ken what price to ex?”
says he. “Whey,” says she, “cannot thoo leuk into t’ beuk ’at Jobby
writes o’ doon in, an’ finnd t’ price he pait for them? That ’ill be a
guide for the’. But I wad rayder loase a pūnd or two, if I was thee,
nor be meàd a barne on any lang-er.” Like many a cliverer fellow, pooar
Wiff fūnd ther was nowte for’t but lettin his wife hev her way; an’
when t’ butcher com, he went reet ower wid him to t’ fields whoar t’
bullocks was gā’n, an’ sel’t them tūll him oot o’ hand.

Iv his rwoad heàm he went roond by Jūrtinsyke to tell Jobby of his
mwornin’s wark. Jobby leuk’t rayder strūcken iv a heap when he hārd
it; but efter considerin a lāl bit, he said, “Weel, maister,” (he
oalas spack respectful-like to pooar Wilfrid, dūd Jobby hissel, an’ he
wadn’t let any body else dee udder ways when he was theear.) “Weel,
maister,” says Jobby, “I willn’t oalas be here to mannish for yé, an’
yé may as weel begin noo as efter I’s geàn to try yer fist at tradin.
But what gat yé for t’ Scots?” “I dūd bravely, lad,” says Wiff, “I dūd
bravely. I gat nine pūnd ten a heid for them.” “Nine pūnd ten!” Jobby
shootit, “Whey, that’s what I geh for them, mair nor five mūnth sen!”
“I ken that,” says Wiff, “I teùk a peep into t’ girt beùk, an’ fūnd
theear what thu’d gi’én for them.” “An yé jūst gat what they cost i’ t’
spring?” says Jobby. “I think if yé carry on a trade like that owte sa
lang, yé’ll be mackin’ t’ oald maister’s mūnny bags leùk gaily wankle.”
“Mūnny bags,” says Wiff, “What’s t’ use o’ toakin aboot mūnny bags?
T’ mūnny bags is seàf aneùf sa lang as I git as mūch for beasts as I
_gi’_ for them. I think I’ve meàd a varra fair trade, whativer thoo may
think.” “Aih dear! aih dear!” says Job, “it wad mack t’ oald maister
git up oot o’ his grave, if he cūd hear this. Whoar’s t’ rent o’ t’
land to cūm fray wid yer fair trade?” “T’ rent o’ t’ land, thoo oald
neudles,” says Wiff, “t’ rent o’ what land? T’ land’s my oan!”

Sooa Mistress Wanklethet fūnd ’at her fadder-in-lo’, kent his sūn
better nor she dūd her man; an’ o’ ’at com of her middlin was to git
her husband a nickneàm an’ mack him a by-wūrd; for iver sen, when any
body theear aboots macks a queerish bargin, somebody else is suer to
say, “T’ land’s my oan, says Wise Wiff!”




                          LAL DINAH GRAYSON.


    Lal Dinah Grayson’s fresh, fewsome, an’ free,
    Wid a lilt iv her step an’ a glent iv her e’e;
    She glowers ebbem at mé whativer I say
    An’ meàstly mak’s answer wid “M’appen I may!”
      “M’appen I may,” she says, “m’appen I may;
      Thou thinks I believe the’, an’ m’appen I may!”

    Gay offen, when Dinah I mannish to meet
    O’ Mūndays, i’ t’ market i’ Cockerm’uth street,
    I whisper “Thou’s nicer nor owte here to day,”
    An’ she cocks up her chin an’ says, “M’appen I may!
      M’appen I may, my lad, m’appen I may;
      There’s nowte here to crack on, an’ m’appen I may!”

    She’s smart oot o’ dooars—she’s tidy i’ t’ hoose;
    Snod as a mowdy-warp—sleek as a moose.
    I’ blue goon, i’ black goon, i’ green goon or grey,
    I tell her she’s reeght, an’ git “M’appen I may!”
      “M’appen I may,” she’ll say, “m’appen I may,
      Thou kens lal aboot it, but m’appen I may!”

    There’s nūt mickle on her,—we ken ’at gud stuff
    Laps up i’ lal bundles, an’ she’s lal aneuf;
    There’s nowte aboot Dinah were better away
    But her comical[2] ower-wūrd “M’appen I may.”
      “M’appen I may,” it’s still, “m’appen I may.”
      Whativer yan wants yan gits “m’appen I may!”

    An’ it shaps to be smittal; whoariver I gang,
    I can’t tell a stwory—I can’t sing a sang—
    I can’t hod a crack, nay!—I can’t read nor pray
    Widout bringin’ in her dang’t “M’appen I may.”
      “M’appen I may,” it cūms, “m’appen I may;”
      Asteed of Amen, I say “m’appen I may.”

    But she met me ya neeght aside Pards’aw Lea yatt—
    I tock her seàf heàm, but I keep’t her oot leàt,
    An’ offen I said i’ my oan canny way,
    “Will t’é like me a lal bit?”—“Whey,—M’appen I may!
      M’appen I may, Harry—m’appen I may;
      Thou’s rayder a hoaf-thick, but m’appen I may!”

    I prist her to wed mé—I said I was pooar,
    But eddlin aneuf to keep hung-er frayt’ dooar.
    She leuk’t i’ my feàce, an’ than, hoaf turn’t away,
    She hung doon her heid an’ said “M’appen I may!
      M’appen I may”—(low doon)—“m’appen I may,
      I think thou means fairly, an’ m’appen I may.”

    We’re hingin’ i’ t’ bell reàps[3]—to t’ parson I’ve toak’t,
    An’ I gev him a hint as he maffelt an’ jwoak’t,
    To mind when she sud say “love, honour, OBEY,”
    ’At she doesn’t slip through wid her “M’appen I may.”
      M’appen I may, may be—m’appen I may,
      But we moont put up than wid a “m’appen I may.”

FOOTNOTES:

[2] Comical, used thus, means _Pert_, in central Cumberland.

[3] During the period required for the publication of banns, a couple
are said, figuratively, to be “hinging in t’ bell ropes.”




                           JWOHNNY, GIT OOT!


    “Git oot wid the’, Jwohnny, thou’s no’but a fash;
    Thou’ll come till thou raises a desperat clash;[4]
    Thou’s here ivery day just to put yan aboot,
    An’ thou moiders yan terrably—Jwohnny, git oot!

    What says t’e? I’s bonnie? Whey! That’s nowte ’at’s new.
    Thou’s wantin’ a sweetheart?—Thou’s hed a gay few!
    An’ thou’s cheatit them, yan efter t’ t’udder, nèa doubt;
    But I’s nūt to be cheatit sèa—Jwohnny, git oot!

    There’s plenty o’ lads i’ beàth Lamplugh an’ Dean
    As yabble as thee, an’ as weel to be seen;
    An’ I med tak’ my pick amang o’ there aboot—
    Does t’é think I’d ha’e thee, than? Hut, Jwohnny, git oot!

    What? Nūt yan amang them ’at likes mé sa weel?
    Whey, min—there’s Dick Walker an’ Jonathan Peel
    Foorsettin’ mé ola’s i’ t’ lonnins aboot,
    Beàth wantin’ to sweetheart mé—Jwohnny, git oot!

    What?—Thou will hev a kiss?—Ah, but tak’t if thou dar!
    I tell the’, I’ll squeel, if thou tries to cŭ’ nār.
    Tak’ care o’ my collar—Thou byspel, I’ll shoot.
    Nay, thou sha’n’t hev anudder—Noo Jwhonny, git oot!

    Git oot wid the’, Jwohnny—Thou’s tew’t me reet sair;
    Thou’s brocken my comb, an’ thou’s toozelt my hair.
    I willn’t be kiss’t, thou unmannerly loot!
    Was t’ere iver sec impidence! Jwohnny, git oot!

    Git oot wid the’, Jwohnny—I tell the’, be deùn.
    Does t’e think I’ll tak’ up wid Ann Dixon’s oald sheùn?
    Thou ma’ gā till Ann Dixon, an’ pu’ hur aboot,
    But thou s’alln’t pu’ me, sèa—Jwohnny, git oot!

    Well! That’s sent him off, an’ I’s sworry it hes;
    He med ken a lass niver means hoaf ’at she says.
    He’s a reet canny fellow, howiver I floot,
    An’ it’s growin o’ wark to say Jwohnny, git oot!”

FOOTNOTES:
[4] Clash—_Scandal_.




                         THE RUNAWAY WEDDING.


    My fadder said “Nay”—an’ my mudder said “Niver!”
      When Willie furst telt them we wantit to wed;
    We mud part—they said, beàth—part at yance an’ for iver,
      An’ they deavet me to deeth aboot foats ’at he hed.
    A sailor was Will, forret, free-tonguet, an’ funny,
      An’ gi’en till o’ manner o’ teulment was he;
    Rayder lowce i’ religion, an’ careless o’ money,
      But dear was my wild, thowtless Willie to me.

    His life seemed meàd up of arrivin’s an’ sailin’s—
      Rough hardship at sea, an’ fair daftness at heàm.
    I cry’t ow’r his danger—I pray’t ow’r his failin’s,
      An’ offen forgev what I cudn’t but bleàm.
    An’ many a frind, an’ relation, an’ neighbour
      Brong hints an’ queer teàls aboot Will to poor me;
    But neighbours an’ frinds gat the’r pains for the’r labour,
      For t’mair they misco’t him t’mair thowte on was he.

    An’ t’ upshot of o’ the’r fine hints an’ advices
      Was ’at, ya neet, weel happ’t i’ Will’s greet sailor cwoat,
    We dreàv, afoor dayleet, to Foster Penrice’s,
      An’ slip’t ow’r till Annan i’ t’ Skinburneese bwoat.
    An’ theer we wer’ weddit, i’ their way o’ weddin’;—
      I dudn’t hafe like’t, but they said it wad dee;
    An’ I dār-say it may’d—for a lass ’at was bred in
      Their ways—but it wasn’t like weddin’ to me.

    An’ when Will brong me back, varra shām-feàcet an’ freetent,
      Ower t’ sin an’ disgrace on’t my mūdder went wild.—
    Sair, sair dud my heart sink, but bravely it leeten’t
      When Will prist me close up beside him, an’ smil’d.
    My fadder said lāl, no’but whishtit my mudder,
      An’ pettit an’ blest me wid tears iv his e’e;
    Till beàth on us ru’t what hed gi’en him sec bodder,
      An’ shām’t of our darrak steud Willie an’ me.

    Eigh—for loave, he was kind! an’ he wad hev us weddit,
      As t’ rest of his barns hed been—menseful an’ reet—
    He leuk’t at oor Scotch weddin’-writin’ an’ read it,
      But went up to t’ Priest’s aboot t’ license that neet.
    An’ he keep’t me at heàm, though we hed a hoose riddy.
      He said he mud hev me, while Will follow’t t’ sea.
    An’ Will! weddin’ meàd him douce, careful, an’ stiddy,
      An’ he’s hoddenly been a gud husband to me.

    He seun hed a ship of his oan, an’ meàd money,
      An’ seàv’t it, what he reckoned harder by far;
    An’, ola’s weel-natur’t, free-heartit an’ funny,
      He meàd his-sel frinds wid whativer com’ nār.
    An’ es for my mūdder, ’at thowte me so silly,
      An’ lang nowte but bad i’ poor Willie wad see,
    I’s thenkful she leevet to say—“Bless thee _son_ Willie,
      “Many cūmforts we’ve hed but meàst cūmfort i’ thee.”




                        BILLY WATSON’ LONNING.


    O for Billy Watson’ lonnin’ of a lownd summer neeght!
    When t’ stars come few an’ flaytely, efter weerin’ oot day-leeght—
    When t’ black-kite blossom shews itsel’ i’ hafe-seen gliffs o’ grey,
    An’ t’ honey-suckle’s scentit mair nor iver it is i’ t’ day.
    An’ nūt a shadow, shap’ or soond, or seeght, or sign ’at tells
    ’At owte ’at’s wick comes santerin’ theer but you, yer oan two sel’s.
    Ther’ cannot be anudder spot so private an’ so sweet,
    As Billy Watson’ lonnin’ of a lownd summer neeght!

    T’ Hempgarth Broo’s a cheersome pleàce when t’ whins bloom full o’
      flooar—
    Green Hecklebank turns greener when it’s watter’t wid a shooar—
    There’s bonnie neuks about Beckside, Stocks-hill, an’ Greystone
      Green—
    High Woker Broo gi’es sec a view as isn’t offen seen—
    It’s glorious doon ont’ Sandy-beds when t’ sun’s just gān to set—
    An’ t’ Clay-Dubs isn’t far aslew when t’ wedder isn’t wet;
    But nin was meàd o’ pūrpose theer a bonnie lass to meet
    Like Billy Watson’ lonnin’ of a lownd summer neeght.

    Yan likes to trail ow’r t’ Sealand-fields an’ watch for
      t’ comin’ tide,
    Or slare whoar t’ Green hes t’ Ropery an’ t’ Shore of ayder side—
    T’ Weddriggs road’s a lāl-used road, an’ reeght for coortin toke—
    An’ Lowca’ lonnin’s reeght for them ’at like a langsome woke—
    Yan’s reeght aneuf up t’ Lime-road, or t’ Waggon-way, or t’ Ghyll,
    An’ reeght for ram’lin’s Cūnning-wood or Scattermascot hill.
    Ther’s many spots ’at’s reeght aneuf, but nin o’ ways so reeght
    As Billy Watson’ lonnin’ of a lownd summer neeght.

    Sec thowtes as thur com’ thick lang sen to yan, a lonterin’ lad,
    Wid varra lal to brag on but a sperrit niver sad,
    When he went strowlin’ far an’ free aboot his sea-side heàm,
    An’ stamp’t a mark upon his heart of ivery frind-like neàm;—
    A mark ’at seems as time drees on to deepen mair an’ mair—
    A mark ’at ola’s breeghtens meàst i’ t’ gloom o’ comin’ care;
    But nowte upon his heart has left a mark ’at hods so breeght
    As Billy Watson’ lonnin’ of a lownd summer neeght!

    Oor young days may’d be wastet days, but dār their mem’ry’s dear!
    And what wad yan not part wid noo ageàn to hev them here?
    Whativer trubles fash’t us than, though nayder leet nor few,
    They niver fash’t us hafe so lang as less an’s fash us noo;
    If want o’ thowte brong bodderment, it pass’t for want o’ luck,
    An’ what cared we for Fortun’s bats, hooiver feurce she struck?
    It mud be t’ time o’ life ’at meàd oor happiness complete
    I’ Billy Watson’ lonnin’ of a lownd summer neeght!




                            LONE AND WEARY.


    Deid winter’s nūt sa dark to me
      As t’ lang leet days o’ t’ spring;—
    I hate to see a swallow flee,
      Or hear a throssle sing;
    I greàn at t’ fresh green leaves on t’ trees;
      I turn frae t’ flooers o’ May,
    For t’ croft was white wid dog-daisies
      When Jwohn was teàn away.

    We coortit lang, dud Jwohn an’ me—
      We waitit lang an’ sair—
    He thowte oor weddin’ mūdn’t be
      While beàth war poor an’ bare;
    An’ sep’rat’, I gat past my prime,
      Jwohn barrow-back’t an’ grey;—
    Reet sair I grudg’t that wastit time,
      When Jwohn was teàn away.

    Jwohn pinch’t an’ spar’t, an’ tew’t an’ streàv,
      Till t’ heart wid-in him brak’—
    Still aimin’ brass aneuf to seàv,
      Some lal bit farm to tak’:
    An’ when he’d gitten t’ farm an’ me,
      ’Twas plain he mūdn’t stay;—
    He dwined through t’ winter dark an’ dree—
      I’ t’ spring was teàn away.

    We may’d hed many a happy year,
      If thowte to t’ winds we’d flung,
    An’ join’t oor strength life’s leàd to beear,
      When beàth war lish an’ yūng:
    But widdert was oor flooer o’ life
      Afoor oor weddin’ day;
    An’ I’d nūt been ya year a wife
      When Jwohn was teàn away.

    Sooa t’ spring o’ life na sūmmer browte,
      To my poor man or me;
    An’ t’ spring o’ t’ year noo brings me nowte
      But t’ mind o’ misery.
    I can’t see what anudder sees
      I’ t’ fields an’ t’ flooers o’ May,
    For t’ croft was white wid dog-daisies
      When Jwohn was teàn away.




                       T’ CLEAN NED O’ KES’ICK.

 This phrase is proverbial in central Cumberland, and is generally used
 in a negative sense; thus, of a person whose character for upright
 conduct will not bear the full light of day, it is said, “He’s nūt t’
 clean Ned o’ Kes’ick.”


    Lang an’ leàt we ma’ lait throo fray Fiend’s-fell[5] to Fles’ick,[6]
      Afooar we’ll finnd mair ner yā fellow or two
    Yan can fairly an’ freely co’ t’ clean Ned o’ Kes’ick;
      Oald Cūm’erlan’ t’sel’ on’t hods no’but a few!
    An’ hoo mūn us tell when we div happen on them?
      Whey, that, just off-hand, isn’t easy to say!
    But sūm of o’ yages hev marks plain upon them
      Showin’ they’re nin o’ t’ clean Ned o’ Kes’ick—nūt they!

    We ma’ leet on a barne wid t’ leùk of ill-natur’
      An’ spite glowerin’ oot of a widderful feàce;
    A lean, discontentit, slee, gyversome creetur’,
      ’At kens hoo to mak’ its-sel’ t’ maister o’ t’ pleàce—
    ’At yowls when it wants owte, an’ glumps when it gits it,
      Till o’ but it’s mūdder wad droon’t iv a kit;
    ’An’ t’ mair ’at she dantles, an’ pampers, an’ pets it,
      T’ less like to growe t’ clean Ned o’ Kes’ick growes it.

    Or mayhap, a lāl lad ’at tells teàls of his brudders,
      An’ cocks his-sel’ up, an’ example to t’ rest—
    ’At seàvs his oan laikins an’ laiks wid anudder’s,
      An’ geaps for owte gud like a gorb iv a nest;
    ’At boggles at lowpy-back, rack-ups, or shinny,
      An’ keeps his-sel’ ootside o’ t’ ruck at foot-bo’;—
    They ma’ praise him ’at hes him—I’d lay my last guinea
      He s’ niver be t’ clean Ned o’ Kes’ick for o’.

    Or a rovin’ yūng chap ’at ga’s hard efter t’ lasses,
      An’ stuffs them wid o’ maks o’ flaitchment an’ lees;
    Ol’a’s smùrkin’ an’ smilin’ an’ fair to the’r feàces,
      But skiftin’ his mattie as fancy ma’ please—
    Tackin’ up at t’ lang last, efter feùlin a duzzen,
      Wid sūmbody’s dowter he thinks weel to dee;—
    A taggelt like that sūd be hatit like puzzen—
      He’ll niver be t’ clean Ned o’ Kes’ick, nūt he!

    Or a man ’at likes brass, an’ cheats o’ maks o’ ways for’t,
      An’ clowks at advantage whoariver he can;
    An’ taks drink gaily free when anudder chap pays for’t,
      But wi’n’t stand his share iv a shot like a man:
    ’At ol’a’s for sūm dūrty profit ligs watchin’;
      ’At keeps o’ he cares for anonder ya hat;
    An’ pays what he owes fwok wid phraisin’ or fratchin’—
      He munnet be t’ clean Ned o’ Kes’ick—moon’t that!

    Or a swaddlin’ oald sneak, wid a snowk an’ a snivel,
      ’At kests up his e’en when he hears a rūff jwoke;
    Co’in’ sangs an’ queer stwories o’ ’ticements o’ t’ divel—
      An’ snirrups his nwose ūp at t’ praise o’ poor fwok:
    ’At grùnts ageàn wrusslin’s, fairs, hoond-trails an’ reàces,
      An’ sec-like divarsions, as sinful an’ vain,
    Winkin’ hard at t’ seàm time at wār sins i’ hee pleàces—
      He niver was t’ clean Ned o’ Kes’ick—that’s plain.

    Nay! for be what it may be—his yeàge, steàt or station,
      A man hollow heartit, unfrindly, unfair,
    Makin’ mair nor reet use of a lofe or occasion,—
      Grippin’ hard by his oan, ah, still grankin’ for mair;
    ’At can toak like a bishop, an’ hod back his meanin’,
      But can’t wid his neighbours or kinsfwoke agree;
    Keepin’ bleàmin’ an’ backbitin’, grudgin’ an’ pleenin’—
      He cannot be t’ clean Ned o’ Kes’ick—can’t he.

FOOTNOTES:

[5] Fiend’s-fell, an old name for Cross-fell, on the eastern verge of
the county.

[6] The beautiful secluded bay which divides the two Heads of St. Bees,
the most westerly points of Cumberland, is called Fleswick.




                              BEN WELLS.


    Kersmas is hardly Kersmas noo!—
      Nowte’s left like what it used to be—
    T’ yall’s nūt what they used to brew—
      An’ t’ fūn’s nūt what we used to see—
    T’ lasses irn’t hoaf sa smart,
      For o’ the’r fallal hats an’ veils,
    An’ music niver stūrs yan’s heart
      Like “T’ Hūnt’s Up” played by oald Ben Wales.


    “T’ Hūnt’s Up” of a Kersmas mworn,
      When stars war breet an’ frost was keen,
    Wad roose us like a hunter’s whorn,
      Whativer hakes ower neet we’d seen.
    An’ dar! ’twas nice to snūg i’ bed,
      An’ lissen oot that brave oald lilt,
    An’ hear, at ivery stave they played,
      Gud wishes shootin’ t’ chorus till ’t.

    Ben Wales’s fiddle, many a neet,
      Gev weel oiled springs to t’ heaviest heels,
    For few cud whyet hod the’r feet
      When Ben strack up his heartenin’ reels.
    Wid elbow room an’ rozel’t weel,
      Swinge! how he’d mak’ fwoke keàv an’ prance;
    An’ nowte cud match t’ sly fiddle-squeal
      ’At signall’d kiss i’ t’ cushion dance.

    Noo poor Ben Wales is deid an’ geàn—
      His marrow willn’t seùn be seen;
    But rare top dancers many a yan,
      He’s left to keep his memory green.
    Nèa mair at ball or oald-fwoke’s-neet
      We’ll see his gud reet elbow jog;
    An’ when they laid Ben oot o’ seet,
      T’ oald cushion dance went oot o’ vogue.

    Fwoke’s ways turn different, t’ langer t’ mair,
      An’ what, lang sen, was reet ’s grown wrang;
    We’re, meàst on us, owre fine to care
      For heàmly dance, teùn, teàl, or sang.
    An’ nowte ’s meàd varra lastin’ here,
      T’ best bow-hand growes oald an’ fails,
    An’ t’ lishest legs git num’ an’ queer;
      Few last sa weel as oald Ben Wales!


NOTE.

 The late Benjamin Wells was, for about half a century, the best
 known and most popular of all the dancing-masters who have plied
 their vocation amongst the country people of West Cumberland; and,
 as a teacher of the old-fashioned style of dancing, in which vigour,
 activity, and precision are, rather than gracefulness, the main
 _desiderata_, he has never been surpassed. As a violin player his
 performance was remarkably correct, distinct, and strongly marked as
 to time—in fact, the best possible fiddling to dance to. The last time
 I met with him was about twenty years ago, in the bar-parlour of an
 inn in the southern part of the Lake district, which was somewhat out
 of his ordinary beat, and where the strains of his fiddle, produced at
 my request, caused such excitement that a general and very uproarious
 dance (of males only) set in, and was kept up with such energy that,
 the space being confined, the furniture was seriously damaged, and
 Ben was at last ejected by the landlady as the readiest, indeed the
 only method of putting a stop to the riot. He was light, muscular,
 and springy, and, in his earlier years, wonderfully swift of foot, so
 much so that the late Dr. Johnstone, of Cockermouth, told me that he
 once (at Scale Hill) saw him, without any assistance, run down and
 capture a wild rabbit—a proof of activity rarely paralleled. Poor old
 Ben! It will be long ere his erect, compact little figure, his bright,
 cheery expression, his sprightly address, and his quick firm step are
 altogether forgotten in the western dales and seaward parishes of
 Cumberland. REQUIESCAT!




                            SANNTER, BELLA!


    Sannter, Bella!—Bliss the’, sannter,
      Th’u’ll be seun aneuf at heàm;
    Gā’n frae t’ chūrch at sec a cannter,
      Fwoke ’ll sweer th’u’s thinkin’ shām’—
    Shām’ ’at I sud woak aside the’!
      Does t’e, Bella, shām’ o’ me?
    Whey than, bide the’, dar it, bide the’!—
      Few’s sa leet o’ t’ feut as thee.

    Si’s t’e, Bella, nay but, si’s t’e,
      Hoo th’u’s makin’ t’ ne’bours laugh;
    Th’u’s a taistrel fair ’at is t’e,
      But I like thee weel——Hŭt, shaff!—
    Whoa can tell his stwory rūnnin?—
      Whoa can coort an’ win a reàce?—
    If th’u’s flay’t I’s foase, or fūnnin’,
      Stop, an’ leuk me fair i’ t’ feàce!

    Leuk, an’ see if I wad cheat the’—
      Leuk, I tell the’, glimes wont dee!
    Whativer wrang’t the’, I wad reet the’,
      Whoa-iver fails the’, trust i’ me.
    Wait! Nay, tak’ mair time, I pray the’—
      Shūttin’ frae yan like a dart—
    Nowte for nowte I’s axin’ frae the’—
      Nowte for nowte, but heart for heart.

    Sannter, than! Nay, Bella, sannter!
      I’ll nūt say ya wūrd ’at’s wrang,
    But th’u’s a wannter!—I’s a wannter!
      An’ nowder sud be wannters lang.
    Thoo kens what sec a heàm I’ve gitten—
      Ken’s o’ ’s reet, an’ straight, an’ square—
    Ken’s o’ wad fit the’ like a mitten;
      What the hangment wad t’e mair?

    Sannter! sannter!! sannter, Bella!!!
      Gi’ me time to tell my teàl;
    ’Tis n’t kind to mak’ a fellow
      T’ laughin-stock of hoaf o’ t’ deàl.
    Does t’e think o’ ’s nūt fairation?
      Hes t’e any foat to finnd?
    Nay! Whey than, ther’s nèa ’casion—
      Hŭh—By jing, I’s oot o’ wind!

    ’Beàt thy speed! Dar sonn, I’ll ho’d the’!
      Ho’d the’ till I’ve said my say—
    Till my heart’s ya wish I’ve shew’d the’,
      Gittin’ back for ’t ey or nay.
    Wil’ t’e than, say, wil’ t’e wed me?
      Ah! Thou wadn’t still say—no!
    Faith! a bonnie dance th’u’s led me,
      But that lāl squeeze mak’s up for o’!—

    T’ squeeze frae thy smo’ fing-ers, Bella!
      Trimlin’ here i’ my rough hand;
    It’s queer a touch sa leet can tell a
      Teàl sa plain to understand;
    It’s queerer thoo sūd be sa freeten’t,—
      Flay’t when nowte at o’ ’s amiss.
    Loavin! How thy feàce has breeten’t,
      Reedenin’ up at t’ furst fair kiss.




                         BRANTHET NEUK BOGGLE.

                     (A TEAL FOR A WINTER NEEGHT.)


    ’At Marron Beck’s a bonnie beck, what mazelin wad deny?
    An’ what compares wi’ Branthet Neùk ’at Marron Beck gā’s by?
    Wid hoozes white, an’ worchets green, an’ Marron runnin’ clear,
    Eigh! Branthet Neùk’s a heartsome spot i’ t’ sūnny time o’ year!

    But loave! it is a dowly pleàce when winter neeghts growe lang;
    For t’ lwoan ligs dark atween it’s banks,—- a flaysome rwoad to gang
    When t’ wind rwoars wild in t’ trees abeùn, an’ Marron rwoars below,—
    An’ Branthet Neuk’s a hantit spot, as I’ve some reeght to know.

    They say a heidless woman woaks at sartin neeghts o’ t’ year,
    An’ greàns an’ yewls at sec a rate as freeghtens fwoke to hear;
    I wadn’t mind sec teàls, but yance I gat a freeght me-sel’
    I’ Branthet Neùk, an’ hoo it was, just lissen an’ I’ll tell.

    Yā neeght, lang sen, at Cursmass time, wid Cursmass mak’ o’ wedder,
    A lock on us at Branthet met, to hev a glass togidder;
    We crack’t, an’ jwok’t, an’ drank, an’ smeuk’t, while hoaf
      o’ t’ neeght went by,
    For Isbel Simon’ drink was gud, an’ we war rayder dry!

    ’Twas lownd an’ leàt—past yan o’clock—wid nūt a spark o’ moon:
    An’ like a clood o’ cardit woo’, thick snow keep’t sinkin’ doon,
    When reeght up t’ Neùk three Jwohn’s an’ me went wādin’ heàm through
      t’ snow—
    Jwohn Suntan, an’ Jwohn Bell o’ t’ Rayes, an’ Jwohn o’ Craypless Ho’.

    We’d gitten hoaf o’ t’ way up t’ lwoan,—nār Edward Beeby’ yat,
    An’ theear we stopp’t, for marcy me! a parlish freeght we gat,
    Lood greàns we heard—lang hollow beels, ’at shak’t oor varra beàns,
    “For God-seàk, lads, mak on,” sez yan, “them’s t’ heidless woman’
      greàns!”

    “But nay,” sez I, “if wantin’ t’ heid, she raises sec a rout,
    I’d like to see what way she taks to fetch sec haybays oot;
    They say yan stops a woman’s noise when yan taks off her heid,
    But this, by gock! wad mak yan sweer they’re noisy whick or deid.”

    It’s Burns ’at sez Jwohn Barleycworn can mak yan bold as brass;
    An’ Isbel’ drink meàd me quite keen this greànin’ thing to feàce.
    We shootit Edward Beeby up an’ meàd ’im git a leeght—
    He grummel’t sair to be disturb’t at sec a time o’ neeght,

    But brong yan oot;—an’, led bee t’ lugs, we follow’t efter t’ soond,
    While clwose t’ swine-hull dooar we com, an’ stopt, an’ gedder’t
      roond.
    “By gockers, lads!” Jwohn Suntan said, “It’s no’but Edward’ swine!”
    “Nay, nay,” sez Edward, “mine’s i’ soat—it’s nèa pig o’ mine!”

    “Well, I’ll gā in, an’ see,” sez I. O’ t’ rest steud leukin on
    As in I creept wid t’ leeght, an’ fund greit lang Joe Nicholson
    Hoaf cover’t up wid mucky strea,—soond asleep,—and _snworin’_,
    As if o’ t’ bulls o’ Dean war theear, an’ ivery bull was rwoarin’.

    We trail’t him oot, an’ prop’t him up ageàn t’ oald swine-hull wo’—
    An’ dazet wid coald he glower’t aboot, an’ dadder’t like to fo’—
    We help’t ’im in, an’ hap’t ’im weel, on t’ squab aback o’ t’ dooar,
    He said his wife had barr’t ’im oot, as oft she’d deun afooar.

    Sez Jwohn o’ t’ Rayes, “If iv’ry neeght he maks sa gurt a din,
    It’s rayder queer a wife like his sud iver let ’im  in;
    It’s varra weel we hārd ’im  though, he med ha’ dee’t o’ coald!
    Come, let’s git yam!”—an’ laughin’ loud, we lonter’t oot o’ t’ foald.

    Jwohn Suntan’s rwoad left oor’s gay seun, an’ sooa dud Jwohn Bell’s,
    An’ Jwohn o’ Craypless Ho’ an’ me went poapin’ on oorsells,
    An’ no’but slow, for t’ snow was thick, an’ meàd it bad to woke,
    Sooa mid-leg deep we striddel’t on, but offen steud to toke.

    Jwohn hed a faymish crack in ’im,—his fadder hed afooar ’im,—
    At teàls an’ sangs, an’ sec like fun not many cud cum ower ’im;
    An’ theàr an’ than, dud Jwohn set on, at t’ furst gud rist we teuk,
    To tell me hoo ther com to be a ghost i’ Branthet Neùk.

    Sez Jwohn, sez he, “I’ Branthet Neùk, as varra weel thoo knows,
    ’Tween t’ beck an’ Edward Beeby’ hoose ther stands some brocken wo’s;
    Lang sen, when they hed roofs on them, yance, leàtish on i’ t’ year,
    Some tinkler fwoke gat leave fray t’ lword, an’ com to winter theear.

    “Two oald fwoke, wid a scrowe o’ barns, an’ yā son, jūst a man,—
    A handy chap to shap’ a speun, or cloot a pot or pan,—
    An’ this chap hed a bonnie wife, ’at dūdn’t leuk like t’ rest,
    But fair, clean-skinn’t, an’ leàdy-like, an’ ol’as nicely drest.

    ‘An’ hoo she com to be wid them was niver reeghtly known,
    But nebbers so’ she wasn’t used as if she’d been ther oan;
    For t’ oald fwoke soas’t her neet an’ day,—her man—a dūrty tike!—
    Wad bray her wid a besom-stick, a thyvel, or sec like;

    “Tull yance a nebber teùk her in, when t’ tinklers flang her oot,
    An’ she let fo’ a wūrd or two ’at brong a change aboot;
    She telt o’ sūm stown geese an’ sheep, an’ whoar they hed them
      hidden;
    Of mutton up on t’ sleeping loft, an’ skins anonder t’ midden.

    “It wasn’t many wūrds she said,—but wūrds she said anew
    To bring t’ oald tinkler and her man tull what was weel ther due;
    For lang i’ Cārel jail they laid, an’ when t’ assize com on,
    T’ Jūdge let t’ oald waistrel lowce ageàn, but hang’t his whopeful
      son.

    “An’ back frae Cārel t’ tinkler com, to Branthet reeght away,
    An’ ’ticet t’ poor lass frae t’ nebber’s hoose whoar she’d beep fain
      to stay;
    He promish’t fair to treat her weel, and dūd while t’ seckint neeght,
    An’ than, (reeght pleas’t was Branthet fwok,) he meàd a moonleeght
      fleeght.

    “An’ days went by an’ neàbody went nār to t’ tinkler’s dooar,
    At last some barns peep’t in an’ so’ some huller’t bleùd on t’ flooar,
    An’ than t’ hoose dooar was drūven in, an’ sec a seeght was theer,
    ’At sūm ’at so ’t went reid wid reàge, an’ sūm went white wid fear.

    “Squeez’t up intull a dūrty neùk, an’ bleùdy, stark, an’ deid,
    They fūnd that nice young lass’s corp, bit niver fūnd her heid;
    T’ oald tinkler hoond hed hagg’t it off afooar he meàd a fleeght
      on ’t,
    An’ teàn it wid him, fwoke suppwos’t, to gud his-sel’ wid t’ seet
      on’t.

    “An’ nin o’ t’ clan at efter that i’ t’ country side was seen.
    But iver sen a hantit spot hes that Neùk-lonning been,
    For t’ mūrder’t woman wokes aboot, an’ greàns, for o’ she’s deid,
    As lood as what we hārd to-neeght,—_they say she laits her heid_!”

    “Wey, weel deùn, Jwohn!” to Jwohn sez I, “an’ thenks ta for thy teàl,
    It’s meàd me hoaf forgit hoo t’ snow maks o’ my teeàs geàl;
    Th’u’s just at heàm,—gud neeght, my lad, but fūrst hear this fray me,
    If iv’ry teàl ’at’s telt be true, thy stwory’s neà lee!”




                           MARY RAY AN’ ME.


    Bonnie Mary Ray an’ me
      Wer’ barnish sweethearts lang,
    But I was wild an’ yūng, an’ she
      Was niver reetly strang;
    Sooa frinds o’ beàth sides threep’t it sair
      ’At partit we sud be—
    An’ life was darken’t t’ lang-er t’ mair
      To Mary Ray an’ me.

    But yance lāl Mary Ray an’ me
      Met oot on Woker Broo,
    When t’ clouds burn’t reid far oot at sea,
      An’ t’ sūn com’ bleezin’ through,
    An’ sent ya lang-droan glissenin’ ray
      Across that dowly sea,
    Like t’ promish of a happier day
      To Mary Ray an’ me.

    An’ “Sees t’e, Mary Ray,” I says,
      “That lang low line o’ leet;—
    It cūms to say oor leàter days
      May yit be fair an’ breet,
    An’ t’ cloods ’at darken owre us noo
      May rive like yon we see,
    An’ t’ sūn o’ love cūm glentin through,
      To shine on thee an’ me.”

    But Mary lean’t her sinkin heid
      Ageàn my heavin’ breist
    “Tūrn roond,” she said, “an’ say asteed,
      What reads t’e here i’ t’ East;
    For t’ East’s mair sure to guide us reet,
      If dark an’ coald it be;
    It’s liker life—nor that reid leet—
      To Mary Ray an’ thee.”

    I turn’t an’ leùk’t wid bodeful glooar,
      Whoar o’ was coald an’ gray,
    An’ like a ghost reàse t’ white church tooar,
      To freeten whope away;
    An’ Woker’s shadow heap’t a gloom
      Owre beck, an’ field, an’ tree,
    ’At said far darker days mud cūm
      To Mary Ray an’ me.

    An’ niver mair on Woker Broo
      I strowl’t wid Mary Ray;
    They partit us that winter through—
      An’ than I went away.
    An’ Mary in her grave they’d laid
      When I com’ back frae t’ sea;—
    ’Twas true what Woker’s shadow said
      To Mary Ray an’ me.




                        THE BANNASYDE “CAIRNS.”

                   (IN THE DIALECT OF HIGH FURNESS.)


I’ yer jornas ooer Wa’na Scar to Seeathet ye’ll offen aneeuf ha
nooatish’t a lot o’ round heeaps o’ steeans strinklet heear an’ theear
ooer t’ feeace o’ Bannasyde mooer: an’ if ye leuk inta them fine maps
’at t’ gūverment’s putten owt ye’ll see ’at t’ pleeace ’at’s meeant
for Bannasyde has _cairns, cairns, cairns_ dottit o’ ooer ’t. They wor
sharp fellows wor t’ surveyors ’at went ooer t’ grund ùt meeak thor
maps. Yā lot o’ them com’ efter anudder for iver so many years, sūm wi’
reed cooats an’ sūm wi’out; an’ they teeuk for iver o’ pains wi’ the’r
wark. Why, when t’ doctor gat a lile lūmp off àld Geoordie Flimming’
field ùt meeak his-sel’ a bit of a gardin, efter they’d survey’t an’
mizzer’t it, they went o’ ooer t’ grūnd a-fresh, just ùt put it in; an’
theear it is i’ t’ maps, as plain as t’ field its-sel’.

Bit about thor cairns. I mun tell yé ’at when I furst hard o’ them, I
cùdn’t meeak end nor side o’ what they cud be, an’ I went tull Rodger
Forness ut ex about them. Rodger kna’s meear about sike things nor a
deeal o’ fooak; sooa I went tull him, an’ he telt mé ’at cairns was
heeaps o’ lilely steeans ’at hed been rais’t ooer t’ graves o’ girt men
lang sen, afooer ther was any kirk-garths ut bury t’em in—’at Dunmal
Raise is t’ biggest cairn i’ t’ country, an’ ’at it was pilet up ooer a
king ’at was kil’t theear. Rodger an’ me hed a gūd laugh togidder ooer
t’ Bannasyde cairns, for we beeath kna’t gaily weel how _they_ com to
be theear, but we said t’ yan til’ t’ tudder, “Let’s hear, an’ see, an’
say nowte.”

Bit howiver, when them ’cute ordnance chaps, as they co’t thersel’s,
was teean in wi’ thor heeaps, it’s lile wūnder ’at a gentleman ’at
leev’t here—yan Mr. Rowlins, sud ha’ meead his-sel’ cock suer ’at they
wor nowder meear nor less nor sooa many lile Dunmal Raises, an’ thowte
he wod like ut see what they hed in belā’ t’em; an’ as it wodn’t be
like a gentleman ut keep o’ t’ fun till his-sel’, he ex’t a lot of
udder gentlemen, frinds o’ his, mainly what parsons, fray about Ooston,
ut come an’ see t’ cairns oppen’t, an’ t’ grūnd under t’em groven up,
ut finnd out what they cūver’t.

Well! they o’ torn’t up true to t’ day. Ald Billy Bamthet, Tommy
Thackra, an’ yan or two meear Cunniston chaps hed been hired ut due t’
wark, an’ away they o’ went, out on Bannasyde, an’ at it they set.

O’ t’ fun ’at they gat, howiver, was a bit of a laugh noos an’ thans at
āld Bamthet. He was a queer āld dog was Bamthet, an’ he keep’t exin’ on
them o’ manner o’ questions about what they wor laitin on. At ya time
he wod say till a parson varra seriously “Irr yé expectin’ ut finnd
a Bishop?” at anudder he wod ex t’em if they thowte Moses was buriet
theear. Bit nowte’s nowte, whativer may be laitit for! an’ suer aneuf
ther’ was nowte ut be fūnd under t’ heeaps o’ steeans.

It was a cāld, sleety, slattery sooart of a day o’ through, but they
steeak tull the’r wark like Britons, tull it was turnin’ sooa dark ’at
āld Bamthet says “Irr we ut hod at it any lang-er, Mr. Rowlins? Tommy
Thackra’s gittin’ terrable teer’t, an’ it’s growan sooa dark ’at we’ll
seeùn nit be yable ut say whedder what we may finnd be t’ beeans of a
bishop or t’ beeans of a billy-gooat, wi’out ther’s some amang ye ’at
knā’s beeans by greeapin’ at ’em.”

Well, they o’ thowte they mud give it up for a bad job. They’d torn’t
ooer meear nor a scooer o’ t’ steean heeaps, an’ they hedn’t fūnd sa
mich as t’ shin beean of a cracket ut egg ’em on any farder. Sooa Mr.
Rowlins tel’t his men ut gidder up the’r hacks an’ the’r speeads an’
things, an’ git away heeam.

As they wor o’ trailin away varra slā’ an’ varra whishtly, down Willy
Garnett girt intak’, āld Bamthet sidelt up till amang t’ gentlemen,
an’ says, “Now, Mr. Rowlins,” says he, “just tell us what ye thowte
was to be fūnd i’ t’ clearin’s o’ t’ Bracken-beds.” “What do you call
clearin’s of Bracken-beds, William?” Mr. Rowlins ex’t. “Why! dunnot yè
knā,” says Bamthet, “dunnot yè knā ’at t’ farmers mā’s t’ brackens i’
t’ back-end, ut bed the’r beeas’s wi’?” “Of course I know that,” says
Mr. Rowlins, “but what has mowing brackens to do with these cairns?”
“Due wi’ them?” says t’ tudder, “why, ivery thing ut due wi’ them! How
d’yè think the’r leys wad cūm on if t’ cobble steeans wor left liggin
howe-strowe amang t’ brackens when they com ut mā’ t’em? They gidder
’em off, to be suer, an’ pile ’em up into t’ heeaps ’at we’ve been
wrowkin’ amang o’ t’ day, an’ yee co’ cairns. I reckon cairns is t’
genteel wūrd for t’ clearin’s o’ t’ bracken-beds, bit I niver heer’t
’em co’t cairns afooer, an’ I’ll niver co’ t’em cairns ageean—t’ āld
neeam’s reet aneeuf for fellows like me!”

Well, when they heer’t t’is, t’ parsons leeuk’t at t’ gentlemen, an’
t’ gentlemen leeuk’t at t’ parsons, an’ than they leeuk’t t’ yan at t’
tudder o’ round as they steeud, an’ than they brast out wi’ a laugh
loud aneeuf ut raise o’ t’ ravens on t’ Bell Crag an’ o’ t’ gleads i’
Buckbarrow. Efter they’d whyeten’t down a bit, Mr. Rowlins says, “Well
but, William, why didn’t you tell us this before?” “Nay, nay,” says t’
āld thief, “I wosn’t gā’n ut spoil yer day’s spooart i’ that fashi’n,
when ye’d browte yer frinds sa far ut see’t. That wodn’t ha’ been
manners!” An’ away down t’ intak’ he went sneeakin an’ sniggerin till
Tommy Thackra an’ t’ rist o’ them. But Tommy an’ t’ rist o’ them didn’t
snigger back ageean. They o’ growl’t at him, an’ yan o’ them said,
“It’s an āld tūrkey! What for cudn’t it hod t’āld tūng on’t till we’d
gitten anudder gud day’s weeage or two, an’ plenty ut itt an’ drink
wi’t, out o’ t’ clearin’s o’ t’ bracken-beds? T’er’s anew o’ t’em left
too ha’ keep’t us gā’n for a week!”




                            BETTY YEWDALE.

 (_Extract from a Lecture on “The People of the English Lake Country,
                     in their Humorous Aspect.”_)


Still harping upon married life, I wish to draw your attention to one
of the finest passages in Wordsworth’s greatest poem—_The Excursion_,
which abounds in fine passages. In that I refer to, the poet gives a
very charming account of the daily life of a humble couple in Little
Langdale, on whose hospitality he describes himself, or his hero, as
being thrown, when benighted and lost in that narrow vale, where,
as _I_ have found occasionally, the closely encircling belt of high
mountains makes a dark night very black indeed. The poet says—

    “Dark on my road the autumnal evening fell,
    And night succeeded with unusual gloom,
    So that my feet and hands at length became
    Guides better than mine eyes—until a light
    High in the gloom appeared, too high, methought,
    For human habitation.”

Climbing the heights, however, he finds that the light proceeds from
a lantern, held out by a woman to guide her husband homewards from
the distant slate quarry. The poet proceeds to tell of his hospitable
reception, the husband’s arrival, and the unusual beauty of the
good-man’s face, adding—

                            “From a fount
    Lost, thought I, in the obscurities of time,
    But honoured once, those features and that mien
    May have descended, though I see them here.
    In such a man, so gentle and subdued,
    Withal so graceful in his gentleness,
    A race illustrious for heroic deeds,
    Humbled, but not degraded, may expire.”

Thus much for Jonathan Yewdale. His wife, Betty, is made to speak for
herself—but to speak in language very different from that she really
used, as may be seen in a still more remarkable work than that I quote
from—_The Doctor_, namely, by Robert Southey, wherein Betty Yewdale,
in her “oan mak’ o’ toke,” relates “The true story of the terrible
knitters of Dent.” In _The Excursion_, however, she is made to speak
thus—

                      “‘Three dark mid-winter months
    Pass,’ said the Matron, ‘and I never see,
    Save when the sabbath brings its kind release,
    My helpmate’s face by light of day. He quits
    His door in darkness, nor till dusk returns.
    And through Heaven’s blessing, thus we gain the bread
    For which we pray; and for the wants provide
    Of sickness, accident, and helpless age.
    Companions have I many; many friends,
    Dependants, comforters—my wheel, my fire,
    All day the house-clock ticking in mine ear,
    The cackling hen, the tender chicken brood,
    And the wild birds that gather round my porch.
    This honest sheep-dog’s countenance I read;
    With him can talk; nor seldom waste a word
    On creatures less intelligent and shrewd.
    And if the blustering wind that drives the clouds
    Care not for me, he lingers round my door,
    And makes me pastime when our tempers suit;—
    But, above all, my thoughts are my support.’”

This, no doubt is, as I have said, a very charming picture of humble
house life in a lonely home; but the picture is drawn by a poet, and,
in _his_ words—certainly not in those of the worthy dame from whose
lips they are made thus melodiously to flow.

I have conversed with many elderly people who knew this couple
familiarly, and several have told me of the almost seraphic beauty of
the old man’s features, lowered, as it was, by a lack of expression,
denoting a weakness of mind and character, which, in the opinion of
neighbours, perfectly justified Betty in maintaining full domestic
supremacy and undisputed rule.

Of the manner in which she sometimes asserted that supremacy, and
brought her husband back to his allegiance, when, as was rare, he
happened to stray from it, an amusing instance was told to me by a
respectable widow, who for many years occupied the farm of Oxenfell,
a lonely spot, amid the wild craggy uplands on the Lancashire side of
Little Langdale, and nearly opposite to Hackett, where the Yewdales
resided. Were it only to show how differently great poets and ordinary
people regard the same subject, this is worthy of preservation, and I
give it, very nearly, in my informant’s own phraseology.

“Ther’ hed been a funeral fray about t’ Ho’garth, an’ varry nār o’ t’
men fooak about hed geean wi’ ’t till Cūnniston. Nixt fooarneeun, Betty
Yewdale com’ through fray Hackett, an’ says she till me, ‘Hes yower
meeaster gitten back fray t’ funeral?’ ‘Nay,’ says I, ‘he hesn’t!’ ‘An’
irrn’t ye gān ut lait him?’ says Betty. ‘Lait him!’ says I, ‘I wodn’t
lait him if he didn’t cù heeam for a week.’ ‘Why, why!’ says she, ‘yee
ma’ due as ye like, but I mun bring mine heeam, an’ I _will_!’ An’ off
she set i’ t’ rooad till Cūnniston. On i’ t’ efterneeun, she co’ back,
driving Jonathan afooer her wi’ a lang hezle stick—an’ he sartly was
a sairy object. His Sūnda’ cleeas leeūk’t as if he’d been sleepin i’
them on t’ top of a durty fluer. T’ tye of his neckcloth hed wūrk’t
round till belā’ t’ ya lug, an’ t’ lang ends on’t hung ooer ahint his
shoulder. His hat hed gitten bulged in at t’ side, an’ t’ flipe on ’t
was cock’t up beeath back an’ frūnt. O’ togidder, it wod ha’ been a
queerly woman body ’at wod ha’ teean a fancy till Jonathan that day.

“Says I till Betty, ‘What, ye _hev_ fūnd him than?’ ‘Fūnd him!’ says
she, ‘ey, I’ fūnd him! I knā’t whār ut lait him! I fūnd him at t’ Black
Bull, wi’ yower meeaster, an’ a lock meear o’ t’ seeam sooart. They
wor just gān ut git the’r dinner, wi’ a girt pan o’ beef-steeaks set
on t’ middle o’ t’ teeable. I meead t’ frying pan an’ t’ beef-steeaks
flee gaily murrily out o’ t’ duer, an’ I set on an’ geh them o’ sike a
blackin’ as they willn’t seeun forgit. Than I hail’t Jonathan out fray
amang them; bit when I’d gitten him out wi’ mè, I shām’t ut be seen on
t’ rooads wi’ him. Dud iver yè see sike a pictur’?’ ‘Why, nay! nit sa
offen, indeed,’ says I. ‘Well,’ says Betty, ‘as I wodn’t be seen i’
t’ rooads wi’ him, we hed to teeak t’ fields for’t, an’, as it wosn’t
seeaf ut let him climm t’ wo’s, I meead him creep t’ hog-hooals.[7] I
meead him creep t’ hog-hooals,’ says Betty, ‘an’ when I gat him wi’ his
heead in an’ his legs out, I dūd switch him.’”

This true story shows Wordsworth’s humble heroine in not quite so
romantic a light as he throws round her in the passages I have quoted;
but I don’t see that it need lower her in our esteem.

FOOTNOTES:

[7] Hog-holes are small apertures left in the dry stone fences, to
allow the sheep, or _hogs_, to get through from one pasture to another.




                        THE SKULLS OF CALGARTH.

                    _A Reminiscence of Windermere._

               (CHIEFLY IN THE DIALECT OF WESTMORLAND.)


    Green verged, glancing Wynander, first, fairest of our meres,
    How potent was its fairy charm—how perfect was the spell
    That bound me to its beauty once in youth’s untrammel’d years
    And held me lingering, lingering at its Ferry’s famed Hotel.

    ’Twas ere the railway whistle ’woke the echoes of the hills,
    And Arnold[8] the vivacious perch’d as yet behind the mail,
    And that fine old English autocratic Boniface, Ben Bills,[8]
    Ruled with a wholesome despotism the Ferry and Hotel.

    And Benjamin’s chief ferryman was stalwart old John Long,
    A veteran of the wrestling ring, (its records hold his name,)
    Who yet in life’s late autumn, was a wiry wight and strong,
    Though grizzly were his elf-locks wild and bow’d his giant frame.

    Cool Michaelmas its summer brought, serene, and soft, and gray;
    The high steep wood of Harrowslack all yellow grew and sere,
    And shower’d its faded raiment o’er the Ferry’s gloom-girt bay—
    The deepest, darkest, dreamiest nook of bay-fringed Windermere.

    And listlessly and idly as the lazy mists that rest,
    Or cling with loving closeness, after summer’s heats are gone,
    And autumn’s breezes over, to Wynander’s placid breast—
    The latest guest the Ferry held, I loitered there alone.

    And there upon its calm-still’d wave, throughout the shortening day,
    And oft when daylight waned apace, and stars be-gemm’d the sky,
    By rocky nab or islet green, by slumb’ring pool or bay,
    We glided through the peacefulness—stark old John Long and I.

    Yes; though John Long was worn and wan, he still was stark and strong,
    And he plied his bending “rooers” with a boatman’s manly pride,
    As crashing past the islands, through the reed stalk, crisp and long,
    He stretch’d away far northward, where the lake spread fair and wide.

    “Now rest upon your oars, John Long,” one evening still said I,
    When shadows deepened o’er the mere from Latter-barrow Fell;
    For far beyond broad Weatherlam the sun sank in the sky,
    And bright his levell’d radiance lit the heights around Hillbell.

    “And tell me an old story,” thus I further spoke, “John Long,
    Some mournful tale or legend, of the far departed time;
    The scene is all too solemn here for lightsome lay or song,
    So tell, and, in your plain strong words, I’ll weave it into rhyme.”

    Then old John Long revolved his quid, and gaunt he look’d and grim—
    For darker still athwart the lake spread Latter-barrow’s shade—
    And pointing o’er the waters broad to fields and woodlands dim,
    He soberly and slowly spake, and this was what he said.

    “A house ligs lā’ an’ leànsome theear, doon in that oomer dark,
    Wi’ wide, heigh-risin’ chimla-heeads, lā’ roof, an’ crum’lin’ wo’,
    O’ wedder-gnā’n an’ weed-be-grown—for time hes setten t’ mark
    O’ scooers an’ scooers o’ weearin’ years on hantit Co’garth Ho’.

    “T’ āld Philipson’s o’ Windermer’ lang, lang hed theer the’r heeam;[9]
    An’ far an’ wide the’r manors spread ooer forest, field, an’ fell;
    But now ther’s nit i’ t’ cūntryside a steeatsman o’ their neeam—
    Ther’s Philipsons, but o’ work hard for breead like me mysel’.

    “For niver thinkin’ they’d aneeuf, and strivin’ still for meear,
    They wantit ivery scrap o’ land the’r nebbers held aboot;
    An’ many a pooer man’s grund they gat, by meeans nit ol’a’s fair—
    An’ lang o’ that grund-greed o’ their’s, this teeal o’ mine fell out.

    “An’ āld-ly man nār Burthet leev’t, his neeam was Kraster Cook,
    An’ whyetly his life hed ron wi’ Dorot’y his deeam.
    A conny lile bit farm was theirs, a lown an’ sunny neeuk,
    An’ t’ house ’at’s theear upon it still keeps up āld Kraster’ neeam.

    “Myles Philipson wad often toak wi’ Kraster Cook an’ t’ wife,
    An’ priss them hard the’r bit o’ land ut swap wi’ him or sell;
    But beeath o’ t’em at last spak’ oot—they’d rayder part wi’ life
    Ner sell or swap a single yird of infield land or fell.

    “‘Ye s’ part wi’ ’t than,’ said Philipson, as rantin’ mad he rooar’d,
    ‘I’ll hev that bit o’ land o’ yours, sud yee be ’live or deead.’
    An’ Kraster fūnd ’at efter that as if ther was a sooard
    ’At hed to fo’ when t’ time co’ round, still hingin’ ooer his heead.

    “Bit nowte com on’t till t’ Kersmas time, an’ than till āld Co’garth
    They went wi’ t’ tudder nebbors, kindly ex’t to t’ Kersmas feeast;
    An’ t’ best o’ t’ seeats at t’ sūpper booard, an’ warmest neeuk at t’ hearth
    Wer’ theirs, for t’ squire hed ooerder’t ’at they sud be that mitch
      greac’t.

    “Bit seeun they fūnd that Kersmas treeat mud cost ’em parlish dear,
    For Philipson pertendit ’at they’d stown a silver cūp,
    An’ Cook’s house was ratch’t through an’ through, an’ t’ silver cup
      fund theear,
    Heead theear, girt like, o’ purpose—an’ t’ āld cūpple wer’ teean up.

    “An’ for the’r lives they triet ’em beeath, an’ beeath condemn’t to
      dee.
    Myles Philipson was theear, an’ Dolly glooer’t him hard i’ t’ feeace,
    As meear ner plowmb she rais’t hersel’, an’, terrable ut see,
    She spak’ thir wūrds i’ seccan a skrike as rung through t’ justice
      pleeace:—

    “‘Ey, gūd thysel’, Myles Philipson—thou thinks th’u’s mannish’t grand;
    Thou thinks th’u’s hooal’t our lile bit grund, and gitten’t o’ for
      nowte,
    Bit, harks te’ here, Myles Philipson—that teenie lump o’ land
    Is t’ dearest grūnd a Philipson hès ayder stown or bowte;

    “‘For yee sall prosper niver meear, yersel’, nor yan o’ t’ breed;
    Whativer schemes yee set a geeat ’ill widder i’ yer hand,
    Whativer side yee tak’ ’ill lwose; an’, spite of o’ yer greed,
    A time ’ill come when t’ Philipson’s wi’ n’t awn an inch o’ land.

    “An’, while Co’garth’s strang wo’s sall stand, we’ll hā’nt it neet
      an’ day,
    Ye s’ niver mair git shot on us, whativer way yè tak’;
    Whativer plan or geeat yè try, ut banish us away,
    Ye’ll hardly knā’ we irr away afooer ye see us back.’

    “An’ suer aneeuf, neist Kersmas, when they’d nit been twelvemonth
      deead,
    (They’d buriet t’ pooer āld fooak wi’ lime, whār the’ wor putten doon,)
    Two skulls steead in a hooel i’ t’ wo’, aside o’ t’ wide stair heead,
    At āld Co’garth, an’ theear they gurn’t, a warnin’ fray aboon.

    “An’, ivery mak’ o’ pains they teeuk ut git ’em druven away—
    They buriet them, they born’t them weel, they bray’t them till they
      brak’,
    They sunk ’em full’t wi’ leed i’ t’ lake, they pash’t ’em deep
      i’ clay,
    But just as Dolly said they wod, they still co’ gurnin’ back.

    “An’ theear they’ve gurn’t an’ gurn’t ageean, for many a hundert
      year.
    An’ scòoars o’ fooak ha’ seen ’em theear—it’s neea lees I tell—
    Till t’ Bishop[10] wo’t ’em up i’ t’ hooal, bit still they’re
      gurnin’ theear,
    For just afooar he wo’t ’em up, I seed them theear mysel’.

    “An’ t’ Philipsons went doon an’ doon, the’r schemin’ o’ went wrang,
    Though offen for a sinkin’ coase they meead a gallant stand;
    Fray t’ steeat rowls about Windermer’ the’r neeam hes vanish’t lang,
    _I_ divn’t knā’ a Philipson ’at hods an inch o’ land.”

FOOTNOTES:

[8] Landlords of the Ferry—the first named having been previously the
well known guard of the coach that traversed the Lake district.

[9] In a foot-note to _West’s Guide to the Lakes_, published first
about 1770—its 5th edition being dated 1793—the author or editor
suggests certain other modes of accounting for the presence of
the famous skulls of Calgarth, but fails in offering anything so
satisfactory as the popular version here done into rhyme. The writer of
the note appears to have seen them himself, and I have known more than
one old person, besides John Long, who averred that in their youth,
they had seen the said remains occupying their immemorial position. The
misfortunes of the Philipsons of Calgarth and Crook are matter of local
history, and with some of their recorded exploits, make them, perhaps,
the most interesting family of the two counties.

[10] Dr. Watson, the celebrated Bishop of Llandaff, who purchased the
estate of Calgarth, and long resided upon it, but not at the old Hall.
He is always spoken of by the old people who remember him as “T’
Bishop.”




                               MAP’MENT.

                   (IN THE DIALECT OF HIGH FURNESS.)


    Māp’ment—Martha—māp’ment!
      Thow knā’sn’t what thow says—
    An’ thow fair torments my heart owt
      Wi’ thy lile contrairy ways—
    It’s oa’ a heeap o’ māp’ment
      Ut say ’at this or that,
    Sūd meeak us put it off ageean—
      Thow toaks thow knā’sn’t what!

    We irrn’t rich, an’ mayn’t be;
      What than!—wi’ time an’ keear,
    An’ pu’in’ weel togidder,
      We may meeak our little meear.
    We s’ niver, I’s insuer us,
      Be neeàk’t or clemm’d or cāld
    But spār’ a ho’penny or two
      Ut cheer us when we’re āld.

    Let’s feeace, Martha, feeace it,
      Whativer cūms behint!
    God niver sends a mowth wi’owt
      A sūm’at ut put in’t.
    We s’, happen, hev a mowth or two
      Ut feed besides owr ā’n,
    What matter—they s’ be welcome o’
      Ut share whativer’s gā’n!

    We s’ ol’a’s hing togidder weel,
      An’ beeath du what we can—
    A borden ’s leeter shared by two,
      Nor when it’s borne by yan.
    But if we’s plagued wi’ trūbble,
      (An’ whā’s fray trūbble free?)
    I’ s’ try ut lig thy share tull mine,
      An’ kep it oa’ fray thee.

    An’ if we’s pooer, we s’ sham’ nin,
      For rich fooak’s no’but fooak;
    An’ whā can tell, we s’ happen drā
      Sūm’ prize fray fortun’s pooak.
    But wrowte-for punds gā’s farder far
      Nor hundreds ’s gi’en or fūnd;
    An’ sūm’ may be to t’ fooer for t’ barnes
      When we gā ūnder t’ grūnd.

    Cūm let’s hev neā meear māp’ment,
      But gradely feeace owr chance;
    I ’s off ut put owr exin’s in,
      An’ git it deeun at yance.
    Cūm! gi’ ’s a kiss o’ t’ heead on ’t,
      An’ meeak na meear ut du;
    My hand ’s here, wi’ my heart in ’t,
      Tak’ them beeath—thou s’ niver rue!




                            OXENFELL DOBBY.

                     _A Reminiscence of Langdale._


Accompanied by the holder of a small farm in the dales, I was once
riding up Yewdale sometime beyond the middle of a winter night. The
fields on our right and the slopes and ledges of the screes and fells
to the left and in front were shrouded in a vestment of frozen snow,
which glared under the starlight with a brilliancy of reflection
that rendered the absence of the moon unnoticed and uncared for.
But the scattered groves and coppices to the eastern side, and the
perpendicular craggs elsewhere, on neither of which the snow could
rest as it fell, stood out black and dismal—blotches sable on a field
argent—(queer heraldry this, but fair description) —with an intensity
of gloom, a weird dreariness of aspect, which may hardly be realized
by those who have looked upon Yewdale only when arrayed in the light
verdure of spring, the matured leafiness of summer, or the marvellous
variegation of autumn, under any one of which conditions that fair vale
may fairly claim pre-eminence in beauty over all other minor dales of
the Lake country.

On the occasion I tell of, the solemn desolation of the scenery,
and the oppressive silence, broken only by the quick tramp of our
ponies’ feet on the crisp snow, combined to discourage all thought
of conversation or remark; and we traversed the whole length of the
vale without the interchange of sentence or word. When, however, we
had reached the point where the road to Tilberthwaite and Langdale
Head diverges from that to Skelwith, and I was about to follow the
latter, my companion laid his hand upon my rein, and said, in a rather
peremptory tone, “We s’ teeak t’ tudder rooad, if yee pleease;” and on
my objecting to quit the smoother and shorter road for the longer and
rougher, he persisted—“It may bee as yee say, beeath t’ better an’ t’
bainer, bit nowte wad hire me to teeak t’ rooad ooer Oxenfell at this
hour o’ t’ neet, an’ that’s o’ about it.” “But why?” I remonstrated,
disinclined to yield in a matter of such importance to reasoning like
this. “I s’ tell yee why,” he replied, “when we’s seeaf at my awn
fireside, if ye sud ha’e time ut lissen.” “Is it a story?” I asked with
some interest. “It’s nowte mitch of a stooary,” said he, “bit what
ther’s on’t ’s true, an’ that’s meear ner can be said for many a better
stooary. Bit cūm on, an’ ye s’ happen hear.” I resisted no longer,
and we pursued our journey through Tilberthwaite, where the piebald
dreariness of the scenery was even more marked and more depressing
than in Yewdale. We reached our destination without disaster, but not
without danger. The broad, deep ford in the stream, which there divides
the two counties, and which we had to cross, was edged on either bank
by a high, abrupt shelf of strong ice, very dangerous to slidder off
and very difficult to scramble up on. Indeed, my fellow traveller,
with his rough, clumsy little steed, more accustomed to the _stangs_
of muck-cart or peat sledge than to saddle work, had a roll on the
farther side—luckily rolling towards the land, and not into the water.
But my sagacious old “Targus,” who, as I was wont in those days to
boast, could carry me over any ground on which a mountain goat or a
Herdwick sheep could find a foot-hold, after testing the strength of
each slippery ledge by a heavy paw or two, traversed the dangerous
passage with the same steadiness with which I had known him pace over
others where a slip or a stumble would have had much more serious
results.

Seated comfortably at the grateless peat fire of my travelling
companion, now my host, and assured of the probability of leisure to
hear his story out, I reminded him of the condition under which he had
induced me to take the longer and less practicable way to his fell-girt
house; and after some coy deprecation, which sat awkwardly enough upon
his homely features and dale nurtured manner, he began.

“Jūst about ten year syne, of jūst sec anudder neet as t’is, only
t’ snā’ wasn’t frozzen, I was out efter t’ yārs.” “Poaching?” I
interpolated. “Co’t as yè like,” said he, in a tone of indifference.
“I was out efter t’ yārs. I’d gitten a yār or two ooer about Holme
grūnd way, an’ I was meeakin’ heeam alang t’ rooad atween Hodge Clooas
an’ Oxenfell, when I thowte I was gā’n ut meet sūm fellows I cud heear
toakin’, bit cudn’t see. Ye knā’, t’ rooad’s o’ heets an’ hooals theear
about, an’, for that reeason, I dudn’t think mitch o’ nit seein’ ’em;
bit whoaiver they med be, I dudn’t want them ut see _me_. Sooa I gat
ooer t’ steean fence wi’ t’ gun an’ t’ yārs, an’ croodel’t doon aback
on’t ut let ’em git whyetly by. Well, they com on, an’, as I cūd hear,
they wor fratchin cruelly o’ t’ way as t’ey com. Ther’ was two on ’em,
plain aneeuf, for sùm’times yan spak’, an’ sùm’times anudder, an’,
gaily oft, they beeath spak’ at yance. As they co’ narder till whār I
was hidin, t’ fratch gat feurcer an’ louder ner iver, an’ they shoutit,
t’ yan ooer t’ tudder, whedder ut shout t’ harder; bit for o’ that, I
cudn’t meeak out a wūrd ’at they said. When they gat ebben fornenst me,
yan o’ them let out a meeast terrable skrike, an’ I lowpt back ooer t’
wo’ ut seeav life. _Ther’ was neàbody theear!_ They wor rooarin’ an’
screeamin’ wi’in six yirds o’ mè, as I streetent mysel’ up ut lowp
t’ wo’, an’ when I gat to me feet o’ t’ tudder side ther’ was nowte!
An’ meear ner that, ther’ wasn’t a feeut-mark i’ t’ snā’ bit my awn,
an’ they co’ t’ tudder way. How I gat heeam wi’ my gun an’ my yārs
I knà’n’t, an’ I niver mun knā’—bit when I wācken’t i’ t’ mooernin’
theear was t’ gun an’ yārs atop o’ t’ teeable, an’ theear was I i’ my
bed.

“An’ now I’ve telt yé t’ reeason ’at I wodn’t cū’ heeam by Oxenfell
Cross. I niver hev been, ’cept i’ dayleet, on t’ rooad whār them
fellows woaks, an’ I niver will, sa lang as I can git anudder ’at’s
less nor a scooer o’ miles about.”

“Then is that road said to be haunted?” I enquired. “_Said_ to be
hā’ntit!” he exclaimed, in a tone of wonder and contempt. “Whār ha’e
yee been o’ yer life, if yé hevn’t hard o’ Oxenfell Dobby?” “Has it
been seen by any one besides you?” “Ey,” replied he, “by hunderts o’
fooak! Why, bliss yé! āld Ben Grave gat seckan a torn as he was cūmin’
heeam yance leeat frae Hāks’ed fair, ’at he dūd na meear gūd. He niver
wod tell what it was, bit ivery body was suer ’at it was flayin’ o’ sūm
mak’, an’ a varry sairious mak’ tue, for, as I said, āld Ben niver dūd
no meear gūd efter that neet—bit dwinet away an’ deet.”

“Is it known,” I asked, “how the place came to be haunted?” “Why! It
_is_—partly. It’s knā’n an’ it isn’t knā’n as a body may say—bit I
can tell yé o’ ’at’s knā’n about it, if yé like ut hear.” “Tell away
then,” said I, “I like to hear.” “Well!” he again began, “Ya Kersmas,
afooer I can mind, ther’ was a hake about Clappersgeeat, an’ ther’ was
a stranger at it ’at varry few knà’t owte about—bit it seeun gat out
’at he was a new Scotch gardener ’at hed just cūm’t tull Rydal Ho’. As
t’ neet went ooer fooak nooatisht ’at he was girtly teean up wi’ lile
Betty Briggs—a lively, rooesy-cheek’t bit of a winch ’at com’ frae
Tilberthet. Betty hed an’ āld sweetheart theear ’at they co’t Jack
Slipe; bit she was sa pleeas’t wi’ t’ new an’ ’at she wodn’t hev owte
ut say tull Jack. It was plain aneeuf tull o’ theear ’at he dudn’t hoaf
like’t; an when t’ Scotchman kiss’t Betty i’ t’ cushion dance, t’ fooak
aside o’ Jack cūd hear his teeth crack as he grūnd ’em togidder.

“When t’ dance brak’ ūp t’ gardener wod see Betty heeam, an’ as Betty
bed nowte ut say ageean it, they set off togidder up t’ rooad alang t’
Brathay—an’ Jack Slipe follow’t by his-sel’ a gay bit behint ’em.

“T’ Scotch gardener niver co’ back tull Rydal Ho’. He was niver
seen ageean wi’ neàbody. He partit wi’ Betty at her fadder duer i’
Tilberthet—she said—an’ that was t’ last on him!” “And was nothing ever
heard of him?” I enquired. “Why! nowte ’at was owte. Theear was a hoaf
silly lass about Chapel-Steel ’at said she’d hed t’ Scotchman’ heead iv
her brat ya meeunleet neet—bit when she was teean up an’ quees’t about
it, they cūd meeak nowte out on her, an’ they let her lowce. It _was_
said ’at Jooahn Tūrner, ’at hed t’ Oxenfell farm afooar Grave fooak,
fund t’ beeans of a Christian yance when he was cūttin’ a drain iv his
pastur’, bit it was niver leuk’t intull, an’ Jooahn said lile about it.”

“And what about Jack Slipe?” “Well! queerly aneeuf, he weddit t’ lass
’at dūd o’ t’ mischief, ān’ dee’t afooar he was an āld man, leeavin’
Betty wi’ a yūng family. He was niver knà’n ut smile or teeak part iv
any spooart. He ol’a’s hed a wild scār’tly leeuk: as he woak’t alang
a rooad he keept glimin’ fūrst ooer t’ ya shou’der an’ than ooer
t’ tudder, an’ he niver durst bide by his-sel’ efter t’ darkenin’.
He leev’t sarvant for a while wi’ āld Jooasep Tyson of Yakrow, an’
wheniver āld Joo’ep seed any o’ them signs of a bad conscience, he wod
say, ‘Cūm! Dyne the’, Jack, thou med as gūd confess. Thou knā’s thou
dud it!’ Bit whedder Jack dud it or nit neàbody can tell for suer. An’
that’s t’ way it mun rist!”




                             MEENIE BELL.


    Wull ye meet me, Meenie Bell? Wull ye tryste yince mair wi’ me?
    Where the sauchs half hide the burnie as it wimples on its way?
    When the sinking sun comes glentin’ through the feathery birken tree,
    Till ye’d trow a thousand fairy fires wer’ flichterin’ on the brae.

    Wull ye meet me, Meenie Bell? Wull ye say ye’ll meet me there?
    An’ come afore the gloamin’ fa’s to hear what I’ve to tell?
    For I’m gaun away the morn, an’ I’ll weary lang an’ sair
    ’Or I see ye’re bonnie face again—sae meet me, Meenie Bell!

    I’ll be far away frae Middlebie for monie an’ monie a day;
    An’ I want ae curl o’ gowden hair to treasure evermore.
    I’ve a keepsake braw for you, an’ I’ve something mair to say—
    Aye! a hantle mair to tell ye than I’ve ever tell’t afore.

    Thus I fleech’t wee Meenie Bell till her heart grew soft and kin’
    An’ she met me near the burnie as the simmer gloamin fell;
    We pairtit or ’twas day, an’ o’ a’ the nichts I min’
    The brichtest in my mem’ry is that nicht wi’ Meenie Bell.

    I thocht her heart was troth-fast, but my image faded oot,
    An’ a stranger took the place in’t that she said she’d keep for me;
    For time gaed creeping on, an’ her hopes changed into doobt
    An’ doobt to caul’ mistrustin’, while I toilt ayont the sea.

    I’ve warselt wi’ the worl’ weel—I’ve run a wunnin’ race,
    But, aih! I’m of’en wushin’ when I maunder by mysel’,
    An’ a’ my weary strivin’s through lang lanesome years I trace,
    I had bidden puir i’ Middlebie and mairiet Meenie Bell.




                       “A LOCKERBYE LYCKE.”[11]

                           (MODERN ANTIQUE.)


    Ye’ve aiblins heard o’ Wullye Smyth,
      Ane hosteler wychte was he;
    Quha wonn’t at the sygne o’ the bonnie Black Bull,
      I’ the toon o’ Lockerbye.

    For Wullye, he drawyt the best o’ wyne,
      An’ brewyt the best o’ yelle,
    An’ mixyt the best o’ brandye punch,
      As neebour Lairds coulde telle.

    For aft the neebour Lairds conveent
      At Wullye’s to drynke theyre wyne,
    An’ hech! quhan they yokyt the brandye punch,
      They raysyt ane unco schyne.

    An’ ance, on the nychte o’ a huntan’ tryste,
      A blythesome companye
    There lychtyt doon i’ the Black Bull closse,
      Wychte Wullye’s wyne to pree.

    An’ there war Johnstones an’ Jardines routh
      Amang that rattlan’ crewe,
    Wi’ Herbert Herryes o’ fayre Ha’ Dykes,[12]
      An’ his buirdlye byllye Hughe;

    An’ gallaunte Wullye o’ Becks was there,
      Wi’ Wullye o’ Kyrtletoone:[13]
    Sae they byrl’t awaye at the reid, reid wyne,
      As the toasts gaed roun’ an’ roun’.

    Whyle up an’ spak wylde Wullye o’ Becks,
      An’ there fusionless toasts he curst,
    “We’ll toom a glasse tylle ilk man’s lasse,
      An’ Ha’ Dykes maun name his first!”

    Than up gatte the Laird o’ bonnie Ha’ Dykes—
      “Weel! rayther nor marre fayre myrthe,
    Here’s wynsome Jean o’ the Wylye Hole,
      The flower o’ Tundergayrthe;

    “An’ he quha wunna drynke fayre to thatte
      Maun quytte thysse companye;
    An’ he quha lychtlyes thatte sweet lasse,
      Maun answer it weel tylle me.”

    Than up spak’ Wullye o’ Kyrtletoone,
      (A sleekye deevil I trowe,)
    “Folke say, up the Water o’ Mylke, that she lykes
      Ye’re byllye farre better nor yowe!”

    The reid marke brunt on the Herryes his bree,
      An’ wow but he lookyt grymme:
    “Can ye thynke that the flower o’ the Mylke suld bloom
      For a beggarlye loon lyke hymme?

    “Can ye thynke that ane haughtye dame lyke her
      Coulde looke wi’ a kyndlye e’e
    On ane quha for everye placke that he spens,
      Or wastes, maun sorn on me?”

    “An’ div ye thynke,” cryet the wrathfu’ Hughe,
      “It’s noo my turne to speer—
    That ever a leal heartyt lassie could lo’e
      A sumph for the sake o’ his gear?

    “An’ div ye thynke”—mayre scornfu’ wordes
      Younge Hughe essayet to speake,
    But his brither’s rychte han’ rase high in wrathe,
      An’ fell on his lowan’ cheeke.

    Than doon at that wanbritherly strayke
      Dyd Hughe the Herryes fa’,
    An’ for to redde this fearsome fraye,
      Uppe lappe the gentles a’:

    An’ auld Wullye Smyth cam toytlan’ benne—
      “Quhat’s wrang amang ye noo?
    It’s a wonnerfu’ thynge that ’sponsible menne
      Maun fechte or they weel be fou.”

    Fu’ slawlye did Hughe Herryes ryse,
      An’ the never a worde he sayde,
    But he gloom’t an’ he tore his gluve wi’ his teeth,
      As furthe frae the room he gaed.

    He muntyt his gude grey meare i’ the closse,
      An’ he gallopyt aff lyke wudde.
    “Eh, sirs!” quo auld Wullye Smyth, “Eh, sirs!
      This never maun come tille gude;
    For quhan ever a Herryes he chows his gluve,
      It’s ane earnest o’ deidlye feud!”

           *       *       *       *       *

    That myrthsome band they tynte theyre myrthe,
      The gude wyne tynte its power,
    An’ ilke man glower’t at his neebour’s face
      Wi’ a glum an’ eerye glower.

    The Herryes he lootyt his heid to the board,
      I’ sorrowe but an’ shame;
    The lawin’ was ca’t—ilk took tille his horse,
      An’ sochte his ain gate hame.

    Kynde Wullye o’ Becks sayde lowne tille his frien’,
      We maun ryde Ha’ Dykes his way;
    But the Herryes owreheard, an’ shook his heid,
      An’ doolfu’ did he saye—

    “Alane! alane! I maun dree my weirde
      For the deede this nychte saw dune;
    But O that the palsye had wuther’t my han’,
      Or it strooke my fayther’s sonne!”

           *       *       *       *       *

    Atweest Ha’ Dykes an’ the Water o’ Mylke
      Rosebanke lies half-waye doone,
    An’ Chayrlye Herryes laye there that nychte,
      An’ he was sleepyn’ soune.

    Quhyle he was rousyt i’ the howe o’ the nychte
      Wi’ a dynne at his wundow board,
    For his youngest bryther was dunneran there
      Wi’ the hylte o’ a sheenless sworde.

    Sayan’, “Chayrlye, I’ve mayde ye a Laird the nychte,
      An’ I maunna be here the morne,
    My blade is barken’t wi’ Herbert’s blude,
      An’ he lyes at Hurkelle Burne.”

    He muntyt his meare i’ the fayre muinlychte,
      An’ he pryckyt out owre the greene,
    But never agayne in Annandale
      Was blythe Hughe Herryes seene.

    Na! never agayne i’ Dry’s’al’ Kyrke,
      Norre ever atte Lockerbye fayre,
    The lasses quha lo’ed the blynke o’ his e’e,
      Saw that blythe e’e-blynke mayre.

    There was some folke sayde that his wynsome corse
      I’ the fathomless sea was sunke;
    Some sayde he was slayne i’ the German wars—
      An’ some that he deet a monke.

           *       *       *       *       *

    Quhanne Chayrlye Herryes had ca’t his menne,
      I’ dool but an’ i’ frychte;
    He boun’t him awaye to Hurkelle Burne,
      An’ saw ane awfu’ sychte.

    For there the chief o’ his aunciente house
      I’ waesome plychte did lye,
    Wi’ his heid on the banke, his feet i’ the burne,
      An’ his face to the sternye skye.

    Ane hastye batte wrochte unco chaynge;
      Younge Chayrlye noo was Lairde,
    An’ Herbert layde i’ the Herryeses aysle,
      I’ Dry’s’al’ auld Kirk-yayrde.

    But fearfu’ sychtes hae beene seene sinsyne,
      An’ monye a late-gaune wychte
    Quhan stayveran’ hame by Hurkelle Burne,
      Hes gotten a lyfe-lang frychte.

    A voyce ilke year as that nychte comes roun’,
      Yells a’ the plantyns throo—
    “_There never was Herryes that dreet a strayke,
      But he garr’t the smyter rue_.”

    An’ what has been seen I downa telle,
      But this I ken fu’ weel
    That rayther nor cross that burne at e’en,
      There’s monye wad face the deil.

    An’ ance quhan I was a smayke at the schule,
      I was late on Lockerbye Hylle,
    An’ sure o’ a flyte quhan I ance wan hame,
      I gaed wi’ lyttle gude wylle;

    But thynkinge on monye a fayre excuse,
      Juste aung-er awaye to turne,
    I’d got a rychte feasible storye framyt,
      As I loupit owre Hurkelle Burn.

    Quhan somethynge rase wi’ ane eldrytche skrayche,
      An’ a deevylyshe dynne it mayde,
    As doon the burn whyrre! whyrre! whyrroo!
      Lyke a flaughte o’ fyre it gaede.

    My hayre lyftit up my cap frae my heide,
      Cauld sweite ran owre my bree,
    The strengthe was reft frae my trummelan’ lymbs,
      An’ I cower’t upo’ my knee.
    ’Twas ane horryble thochte to forgayther wi’ ghaysts,
      Quhan I’d just been coynan’ a lee.

    But awaye belyve like a troute frae a gedde,
      Or a maukyn frae yammeran’ tykes,
    I fledde nor styntyt to breathe or looke backe,
      Quhyle I wan to the bonnie Ha’ Dykes.

    My tale was tauld. They leuche, an’ quo’ they,
      “A frychtyt pheasaunte spryngs
    Wi’ a skraich an’ a whyrre;”—but I threepyt them doone,
      That I kenn’t it was nae sic thyngs,
    For quhatte could pit me i’ sic mortal dreide
      That flees upo’ mortal wyngs?

    The gyrse growes greene about bonnie Ha’ Dykes,
      On meadowe, brae an’ lea;
    The corn waves wyde on its weel wrochte rygges,
      An’ its wuddes are fayre to see.

    Its auld Ha’ house ’mang the chestnut trees
      In statelye beautye stan’s;
    But I wadna gaen backe by the burne that nychte
      For Ha’ Dykes an’ a’ its lan’s.

FOOTNOTES:

[11] This phrase is generally applied to a heavy back-handed blow.
It is said to have originated at the battle of Dryfe-sands, which
was fought near to Lockerbie in 1593, between the Nithsdale and the
Annandale clans, the former being defeated with terrible slaughter.
It was found after the battle that many of the slain had been killed
by a slashing sword cut across the face, from a blow peculiar to the
Johnstones, and hence called the “Lockerbye lycke.”

[12] Halldykes, in the parish of Dryfesdale, Dumfriesshire, where the
writer passed some years of his boyhood, was formerly the seat of a
branch of the Herries family; and, with three or four adjacent farms,
formed almost the last remnant of their large border estates held by
the descendants of that anciently powerful and noble house; one member
of which is immortalized as the builder of the Tower of Repentance,
and another as Queen Mary’s “loyal and brave Lord Herries!” Sir
Robert Herries, founder of the great London banking house of Herries,
Farquhar, and Co., and the Right Hon. J. C. Herries, once Chancellor
of the Exchequer, were both scions of the old stock of Halldykes.
Like most old family seats in the same district, Halldykes possesses,
numerically speaking, a highly respectable corps of bogles (as the
writer knew to his great and frequent tribulation); the origin and mode
of developement of one of the most prominent of which is related pretty
faithfully, according to local tradition, in the preceding rhyme.

[13] Friends of the author introduced anachronically, as also is Wullie
Smyth, who flourished at Lockerbie during the author’s “school-day
time.”




                  “THE FARMERS’ WIVES O’ ANNANDALE.”

 Being shown, at Lockerbie, a printed programme of after-dinner
 proceedings at the celebration there of Mr. R. Jardine’s marriage,
 the writer noticed in the list the sentence that heads this page, and
 enquired if it were a toast or a song. When told it was the former, he
 said it deserved to be a song; and, acting on his own hint, crooned
 out the following verses on his homeward journey by rail.


    The farmers’ wives o’ Annandale!
      Gude haud them bein an’ braw;
    Ilk rules within her foothy hame,
      Like leddy in her ha’.
    Ilk yearns to guide her ain gudeman
      Wi’ love that downa fail;—
    They irr the wale o’ woman-kind—
      The wives o’ Annandale!

    The farmers’ wives o’ Annandale!
      I’ve kent their gates fu’ lang;
    They’re worthy weel the wine cup’s grace—
      Weel worthy o’ a sang.
    But ne’er to read their worth aricht,
      May toast or sang avail;
    They far transcend a’ rhymin’ skill—
      The wives o’ Annandale!

    The farmers’ wives o’ Annandale
      Shew fine at kirk an’ fair;
    But see them at their ain firesides—
      They shine the brichtest there.
    Wi’ gracious smiles an’ winsome words
      The stranger guest they hail;—
    They’re angels in a hamely sphere—
      The wives o’ Annandale!

    The farmers’ wives o’ Annandale!
      They strive frae morn till nicht,
    Without, within, through but an’ ben,
      To hand a’ rowin’ richt;
    To keep contentit their gudemen,
      Their bairnies feal an’ hale,
    Till baith rise up an’ ca’ them blest—
      The wives o’ Annandale.

    The chiel’ that hes in Annandale
      A weel-waled farm an’ wife,
    Has drawn twae glorious prizes frae
      The lucky-bag o’ life.
    An’ may they prosper, stock an’ store,
      In ever hichtinin’ scale,
    Whae treasure in their hames an’ hearts
      The wives o’ Annandale.




                       A REMINISCENCE OF CORRIE.


    Of a’ the streams o’ Annandale
      Wi’ names embalm’t i’ sang or story,
    Gin Mylke, for beauty, beer the bell,
      I think I’d gi’e the mell to Corrie.

    It’s “up by Corrie—doon by Dryfe,”
      (Gin a coortin’ ye wad toddle)
    “That’s the gate to seek a wife”—
      (Hoo daft aul’ rhymes bide in yin’s noddle!)

    But sud ye take ye’re way by Corrie,
      Till ye come gey near to Borelan’,
    Ye’ll aye see muir an’ bent afore ye—
      Scarce ochte a’ roon’ but bent an’ muirlan’.

    “There’s Corrie Lea an’ Corrie Law—
      Corrie Mains—an’ mowdies hork” there—
    “Corrie Hill an’ Corrie Ha’—
      Corrie Common, Corrie Kirk” there.

    But Corrie Kirk’s nae kirk ava—
      Corrie Hill’s nae hill to roam on—
    Snell’s the blast on Corrie Law—
      Scant the gerse on Corrie Common.

    They tell me Corrie’s alter’t now;
      It’s drain’t, they say, an’ fenced an’ plantit;
    But as I min’ ’t, lang syne, I trow,
      Drain, fence, an’ biel war sairly wantit.

    Than what is’t gars me ply my pen
      I’ scribblin’ doon this rhymin’ clatter?
    An’ what is’t mak’s me aye sae fain
      To hear or read o’ Corrie water?

    Atweel it is a simple thing
      As ever dreamer wastit time on;
    Scarce worth the while to say or sing—
      For this is what I’m boun’ to rhyme on:—

    The mem’ry o’ a denty quean,
      I couldna draw a plain-spak’ word frae;
    Scarce heard ava—no fairly seen—
      An’ never efter seen or heard frae.

    A’ day we’d stey’t at Corrie Common,
      Drinkin’, thrawin’ quoits, an’ jeerin’;
    An’ doon to Stidriggs, or the gloamin’,
      Five wil’ chiel’s we gaed careerin’.

    (Jock Porteous, An’ro Hen’erson,
      Wull Fergyson, me, Wullie Beaty.
    Twae, like mysel’, may yet leeve on—
      The ither twae—Aih me, the pity!)

    But passin’ by a wee cot-house,
      Wi’ riggin’ laigh, an’ gable suety,
    Yin cries oot sae baul’ an’ croose,
      “Come, boys, c’ way in, an’ licht the cutty!”

    I’d maist ill tricks a lad can ha’e—
      An’ _some I hadna neebors spak’ o’_—
    But naither frien’ nor foe could say
      I ever cared to blaw tobacco.

    An’ in they gaed; but I stood there
      Before the door, a tentless sentry,
    Till startled by a vision fair
      Gaun jookin’ ben across the entry.

    Blate—blate an’ backwarts aye I’ve been,
      An’ niver forrat-ways nor saucy.
    But where’s the guff at bricht nineteen
      ’At wadna chace a fleein’ lassie?

    Sae ben I slinkit—hat i’ han’—
      An’ there, beside the wee bit wunnock,
    I saw a peerless maiden stan’,
      Just pantin’ like a hare i’ panic.

    Wi’ shapely form i’ braw black silk—
      Lang curls as black’s the silk, an’ blacker—
    A changefu’ cheek—a throat like milk.
      An’ lown an’ pawkily I spak’ her.

    I pled for my companions rouch—
      I trow’t they couldna mean to fley her:
    But only heard her breath’s quick souch,
      For fient a word could I get frae her.

    I howp’t she didna think _me_ rude—
      Civility I weel intendit;
    An’, quit I naither wad nor could,
      But pardon—gin I _had_ offendit.

    I ventur’t yince to speir her name—
      I offen askit where she cam’ frae—
    (That hoosie boodna’ be her hame)
      An’ thochte I heard ae word like _Wamphray_.

    But plague licht on thae rantin’ chiel’s,
      ’At couldna let yin coort i’ quayet,
    But keepit cryin’—bletherin’ de’ils!—
      “Hoy! This is no the bit to stey at;

    Co’ way to Stidriggs!”—sae I gaed,
      But first the lassie low I herkit,
    “I’ll come again?” was what I said—
      An’ nae denial I remerkit.

    We wan to Stidriggs Bent—but haith!
      Our _bent_ was Stidriggs’ tea an’ toddy;
    An’ he that wadna roose them baith,
      Maun be a puir wanwauchtie body.

    To Whitcastles I should ha’e gaen,
      But weet!—I’ve seldom seen the like o’ ’t—
    An’ An’ro swore i’ siccan a rain
      He wadna turn a gangrel’s tyke out.

    Twae close box-beds, to five big chiel’s,
      Presentit scrimp accommodation;
    But, “heids an’ thraws, or necks an’ heels,”
      They’d haud by An’ro’s invitation.

    As they begood to think o’ bed,
      An opportunity I grippit,
    Borrow’t, no askin’, some ane’s plaid,
      An’ furth into the rain I slippit.

    An’ though the gate I hardly kent,
      I’ trustfu’ love’s instinct confidin’,
    I, darklin’, stayvelt owre the bent,
      An’ fan’ the cot, but ither guidin’.

    An’ nearin’ that wee hoose at last,
      O’ monie a fletherin’ wordie thinkin’,
    I saw, what gar’t my heart beat fast,
      A licht frae oot it’s window blinkin’.

    I keekit through, but nochte could see;
      A claith was there, half drawn, half drappit;
    But sure the licht was meen’t for me;—
      Upon the glass I lichtly chappit.

    An’ suen I heard the openin’ door;
      An’ through it’s chink I saftly glidit;
    But turnin’ on the lichted floor,
      I saw I’d been sair, sair misguidit—

    I saw what gar’t my heart stan’ still,
      An’ set my verra flesh a’ creepin’,
    While doon my limbs the sweit draps chill,
      Like thowin’ snaw gaed dreepin’, dreepin’.

    I’ place o’ braw black silken goon—
      A bed-goon an’ a drogget coatie;
    I’ place o’ ringlets clusterin’ doon—
      A reekit mutch an’ chaft-locks tawtie;

    I’ place o’ saft lid-droopin’ e’en—
      Ae wulcat spark—a winkin’ won’er;
    I’ place o’ lips wi’ bliss atween—
      Twae gums wad gar a corby scunner;

    I’ place o’ broo an’ throat o’ sna’
      An’ bosom fraucht wi’ sweet emotion—
    A face an’ figur’ ’passin’ a’
      The gruesomeness o’ earth or ocean.

    An’ sic a tongue—Gude guide a’ weel!—
      She lows’t on me—sic fearfu’ flytin’!—
    I’ sic a voice—half craik, half squeel—
      Wi’ jeers an’ jibes braid, bitter bitin’.

    “To gie yin fash,” Rob Burns declared,
      “An aul’ wife’s tongue’s a feckless matter;”
    But honest Robin never heard
      That aul’ wife’s tongue i’ Corrie water.

    An’ whan she made a calmer souch,
      An’ stey’t a wee her skirlin’ ang-er,
    I heard, far ben, a sweet wee lauch,
      An’ dowdna thole the ordeal lang-er.

    I flang the carlin fierce aside,
      An’ left her up hersel’ to gether;
    An’, frae her cot, wi’ wrathfu’ stride,
      I fled to face the midnicht w’ather.

    An’ back I took my darksome way,
      By gerse-grown dykes an’ resh-rouch heid rigs;
    By spretty knowe an’ staney brae,
      An’, sair forfowch’en, wan to Stidriggs,

    Where, hingin’ up the borrow’t plaid,
      An’ owre my queer mischanter smilin’,
    I took my share o’ ae box-bed,
      But couldna sleep for thochte’s beguilin’.

    For whae could yon sweet lassie be
      That lauch’t at that aul’ carlin’ scaul’in’?
    ’Twas plain, I’ve said afore, to see
      That cot-hoose couldna be her dwallin’.

    How cam’ she to be wonnin’ there
      I’ that aul’ muirlan’ clay-wa’t biggin?
    How could a gem sae bricht an’ rare
      Be treasur’t ’neath its crazy riggin’?

    It’s mair nor therty year sin syne—
      That maiden’s aiblins now a grannie—
    But ’mang the folk I like to min’,
      I offen see her, skeich an’ bonnie.

    An’ whiles I’ve thochte that bed she gi’en,
      An’ keep’t, her word to be sweet-heartit,
    Like ither sweethearts, she’d ha’e been
      Frae mem’ry’s hauld lang, lang depairtit.

    For weel I wat, fair favours won
      Ha’e frae men’s minds aye suener slippit
    Nor ochte we’ve set oor hearts upon,
      An’ triet to grip—but fail’t to grip it.




                      REMINISCENCES OF LOCKERBIE.


    Aul’ Lockerbie! aul’ Lockerbie! the dear wee toon to me!
    Where, never fleyed, a boy I played, an’ roved a younker free,
    Wi’ heart sae licht that life was bricht as never mair it shall,
    For never mair I’ll ramble where I drank o’ Bessie’s wal’.[14]

    Yes! dear to me is Lockerbie, its houses wee an’ big,
    Its “Up the gate,” its “Doon the gate,” its “Cross,” an’ “Through
      the brig,”
    Its closes mirk,[15] its stumpy kirk, its fu’ an’ thrang kirkyard
    Where caul’ an’ deep some dreamless sleep I wish dour death had
      spared.

    A hame to me was Lockerbie when half its roofs were theek,
    An’ jeests, an’ jaums, an’ gapin’ lums, a’ black-japann’t wi’ reek;
    Whan monie were the middens nerr the whunstane-causey’t street;
    But cosie aye its hearthstanes lay afore the stranger’s feet.

    Than Lockerbie had sichts to see at race times an’ at fairs,
    Wi’ Jocks an’ Jeans, strang chiel’s an’ queans, i’ scores an’ scores
      o’ pairs;
    An’ gledging oot the roads aboot or the fair had weel begun,
    We’d watch the braw, braw lasses a’ pu’ on their hose an’ shune.

    I wadna’ gie aul’ Lockerbie for ony toon I ken,
    For kindly were the kimmers there, an’ kindly too the men,—
    Atweel the _bouk_ were kindly folk, an’ some were gey an’ queer,
    An’ whilk remain an’ whilk are gane I downa bide to spier.

    My thochts oft flee to Lockerbie at midnicht’s waukrife hour,
    An’ thickly flock aul’ mem’ries back wi’ heart up-heesing power,
    An’ schulemates dear, an’ sweethearts fair, an’ frien’s o’ days lang
      fled,
    I’ shadowy train appear again like phantoms roun’ my bed.

    There was gude aul’ Jeanie Kennedy, an’ Jimmie Rule, the blin’,
    Whase fiddle’s squeal we liket weel though’t had nae tune but yin,
    Lizzie Dobie, Winnie Stobie, Nickie Scott an’ puir Jean Hine,
    An’ aul’ John Kerr, a lamiter, a pawkie frien’ o’mine.

    Josie Weepers, Geordie Robison, Tam Bell, an’ Cripple Peg,
    An’ the puir man nocknamed “Providence,” whae whiles gaed oot to beg.
    The Cameronian merchants twae, the wee yin an’ the lang,
    An’ Sawney Beck, wi’s aul’ white heck that scarce a fit could gang.

    There was roup-crier Awnro’ Jimmison, whae hirplet in his walk,
    An’ Wullie Smith, a carle o’ pith whae squeekit in his talk,
    An’ wi’ a pow maist like a lowe the singin’ nailer chiel,
    An’ droothy twuns, twae burniewun’s, Bob Johnston an’ Jock Steel.

    Wullie Corrie, Sandy Moray, than a licht amang the Whigs,
    An’ hairy-faced Bill Vairy, wi’ his wife gaun sellin’ pigs,
    Funny-speakin’ Peggy Meekin wi’ the meetin’ nose an’ chin,
    An’ Robie Rule,[16] aul’ noisy tule, whase drum made sic a din.

    There was winkin’ Sandy Linton, makin’ peeries roun’ an’ fine
    (Within his doors hoo monie hours o’ merriment I min’),
    The pistol-fittit cooper carle whase name was aye a myth,
    An’ the twae whase names were bye-words, Wullie White an’ Michael
      Smith.

    Wi’ mony mae than I may say, but yin I’d like to name
    (Gin I forget to him my debt, I’ll hide my heid for shame,)
    Wi’ great respec’, the maister stric’, an’ danglin’ frae his claws,
    His badge o’ rule i’ the thrang aul’ schule, the weel-worn cutty
      tawse.

    Sweethearts a score I whyles rhyme ow’r—their names, Bell, Barb’ra,
      Bess,
    Ann, Kirsty, Kate, May, Margaret, Jean, Georgie, Jamesie, Jess,
    Johanna, Helen, Hannah, Agnes, Maries twae or three,
    An’ a pauchtie dame I’m sweir to name, the dearest yince to me.

    But monie a day has passed away, ay, monie a lang dark year,
    Sin I’d the chance o’ smile or glance frae them lang syne sae dear,
    An’ hoo they’ve fared, whase lots they’ve shared, or where the hames
      they’ve blest,
    May sometime be revealed to me—but noo it’s just a mist.

    My schulemates! hoo _they’re_ squander’t noo, I haena words to say,
    Some east away, some wast away, they a’ gaed far away—
    But what-for say they’re wide away, or sunder’t far abreed?
    When, weel I wat, it’s waur be that, the feck hae lang been deid.

    Aih me! aih me! aul’ Lockerbie, my heart sinks cauld an’ wae
    At the doolfu’ thocht o’ changes wrocht sin I speel’t Mount Ulzie’s
      brae;
    But aye I’m fain to see’t again, an’ aye I hope an’ pray
    To rest a wee at Lockerbie afore I’m ca’t away.

FOOTNOTES:

[14] Bessie’s Well was not far from the foot of “Cuddie’s Lane.”
The writer has been informed that the well was drained or filled
up by operations connected with the formation of the railway. This
ancient fountain, the destruction of which is to be deplored, had the
traditional reputation of attaching all who drank of it with a lasting
affection to the town of Lockerbie.

[15] The existence of “closes mirk” in Lockerbie may be disputed; but
the writer holds one or two in his recollection well suited to the
taste of those who love the darkness rather than the light.

[16] The town drummer and bellman, one of whose functions was to parade
the streets, drumming the lieges of Lockerbie to bed at ten p.m., and
out of bed at six a.m.—a custom which some thought “more honoured in
the breach than the observance.”




                           YAN O’ T’ ELECT.


About five or six years ago a gentleman entered a station on one of our
local railways, and found the worthy station master (whose original
occupation was that of a small Cumberland farmer,) in a state of great
excitement. He inquired the cause, and received a reply of which
the following is a verbatim report, committed to paper immediately
afterwards. We must premise that Dr. —— was a well known amateur
preacher,—a really benevolent man, who did good in his way, but had
no charity for the opinions of others, and was ever intruding his
views and advice on all who came in contact with him, and believed all
who differed from him destined to perdition. The extreme Calvinistic
doctrine of election and reprobation was a perfect mania with him. On
this occasion he was accompanied by his servant, a man of sleek aspect,
who distributed tracts, etc., for his master.

“What’s t’ matter wi’ mé? Wey, theear matter plenty! That Dr. —— com’
here aboot hoaf an oor sen to tak’ t’ train. I was stan’in’ at t’ time
aback o’ t’ ticket wole, an’ what d’yé think he says;—he says, says
he, ‘Isaac, you are a very wicked old man, and will most certainly
be damned; you are worse than Cass (then under sentence of death in
Carlisle gaol)—you are worse than a murderer.’ Says I, ‘Me war’ ner
a murderer! What the sham’ an’ hangment d’yé mean be that?’ Says he,
‘I mean this, old man; it has been elected from the beginning that
certain men shall be saved, and certain shall be lost. You are among
the latter, and you will most certainly be damned.’ Says I, ‘An’ what
’ill come o’ you?’ Says he, ‘Oh, Christ elected me many years ago.’
Then, says I, ‘I think he meàd a varra feckless choice; but if it be
sooa, I wad like to know what I’ve deùn ’at I’s to be damned! I’ve
been weddit abeun forty year, an’ I’ve hed twelve barns, an’ I browte
them o’ up weel, an’ I edicated them weel, an’ they’ve o’ turn’t oot
weel; I’ve wrowte hard o’ me life, an’ I niver wrang’t a man oot of
a ho’penny—what mair can a man deu?’ Says he, ‘Isaac, you might do
much more, you might follow the teaching of the Bible; you might sell
all you have and give it to the poor.’ Says I, ‘Sell o’ ’at I hev an’
give ’t to t’ poor! Is I to sell t’ bed fray anonder me wife ’at she’s
sleept on for forty year? Is I to sell t’ chair fray anonder her ’at
she’s sitten on for forty year, an’ turn her oot intil a dike gutter?
What kind o’ religion is ther’ i’ that? Says he, ‘Oh, the Lord would
provide for you.’ Says I, ‘The Lord provide for mé! Wad t’ Lord finnd
mé wid a new bed an’ a new chair?—an’ if he dud, I wad likely hev to
sell them ower ageàn! Sell o’ ’at I hev an’ gi’ ’t to t’ poor! Do _you_
sell o’ ’at _you_ hev an’ gi’ ’t to t’ poor? I niver hard tell o’ yé
sellin’ o’ ’at you hev an’ gi’in’ ’t to t’ poor! They tell me you hev
atween fowrteen an’ fifteen hundert a year,—an’ mebbee yé may, for
owte I know, gi’e away—we’ll say, a hunder’t a year, an’ that’ll be t’
ootside be a gay bit.— Do you co’ that sellin’ o’ ’at _you_ hev an’
gi’n’ to t’ poor. I tell yè, you’re a rich man, an’ I’s no’but a poor
an’, wi’ a loosey ten shillin’ a week to leeve on; bit, accordin’ to
what I hev, I consider mysel’ to be beàth a nowbler an’ a generouser
fella ner you irr! Noo, theear a poor Irish family ’at leeves nar oor
hoose, an’ ivery week end we send them o’ t’ scraps o’ meat an’ ’taties
’at we ha’e left, forby udder things;—that’s far mair, accordin’ to
what I’ve gitten, ner your hunder’t a ’ear! You talk aboot me bein’
damned. Noo, I’s neea scholar, bit I’ve read t’ Bible for o’ that, an’
I’ve read ’at theear two mak’ o’ fwok ’at ’ill be damned—yan’s leears,
an’ t’ tudder’s hypocrites. Noo, I’ll preùv ’at you’re beàth. You’re
a leear for sayin’ ’at I was war’ ner a murderer i’ Carlisle gaol,
an’ you’re a hypocrite for sayin’ seea when you knew you were leein’!
I know hoo you mak’ o’ fwok argies—you reùt t’ Scriptur’ through an’
through to finnd owte ’at suits yé, an’ than ye throw o’ t’ tudder
owerbword. An’ I tell you what, Mr. ——, theear anudder thing ’at I’ve
read in t’ Scriptur’s—I’ve read ’at theear to be a day o’ judgment.
Noo, you chaps say ’at it’s o’ settl’t afoorhan’ what’s to cum on us,
whoa’s to be seàv’t an’ whoa’s to be damned. You say you’re to be
seàv’t an’ I’s to damned. Noo, what’s t’ use of a day o’ judgment if
it’s o’ settl’t afoorhan! Ther’ ’ill be nowte to judge aboot! I’ll tell
yé what, Mr. ——, theear _will_ be a day o’ judgment, an’ beàth you an’
me ’ill ha’e to mak’ oor appearance; an’ I doon’t know bit upon the
whol’ I’ll stan’ full oot t’ better chance o’ t’ two! An’ what’s t’
use, I wad like to know, o’ you ga’n an’ preachin’ i’ that girt leàth
o’ yours of a Sūnday neet till a parshal o’ taggelts, if it’s o’ fix’t
what’s to come on them?’ Says he, ‘Old man, I perceive you are a child
of the devil.’ Says I, ‘Wey, mebbee! Bit I’ll tell you what, Mr. ——, t’
divvel hesn’t two better frin’s in o’ Cummerlan’ ner you an’ that man
o’ yours—an’ which on yé ’s t’ bigger kneàv I’s sure I can’t tak upon
mysel’ to say.’ Just than t’ train com’ up, an’ my gentleman slipes.
Theear was a kind of a country chap stan’in’ ootside, an’ when t’ train
hed gone, he com’ intil t’ stashun hoose, an’ says, says he, ‘Is that
yan o’ thūr Methody chaps?’ ‘No,’ says I, ‘_it’s yan o’ t’ Elect_!’”


NOTE.

 The above was most kindly sent to me by a gentleman well known in west
 Cumberland who has, from boyhood, been a keen and judicious observer
 of the peculiarities of thought and speech prevailing amongst his
 unsophisticated and unlettered neighbours; and who has also favoured
 me with extensive contributions to my stock of anecdotes illustrating
 the humorous side of rustic life in our common county. This remarkable
 piece possesses a higher value than any of _my_ dialect productions,
 amongst which it appears, as being the veritable words used by one
 speaking the Cumberland vernacular and nothing else; and also as an
 exposition and powerful expression of the opinions on the doctrine
 referred to that prevails amongst his class, who are generally very
 matter-of-fact, and impatient of anything that transcends their power
 of apprehension or that goes beyond the grasp of their every-day
 sense. The old man’s self-laudation, when put upon his mettle, is
 perhaps the most characteristic point in the sketch.




                         KEATY CURBISON’S CAT.

                         AN OALD, OALD STWORY.


    Keàty Cūrbison’ cat hed a whudderin’ waow,
      A waow like a yowl, fit to freeten a man;
    An’ t’ leet iv it’ e’e was a green glentin’ lowe—
      Iv it’ _e’e_, we may say, for it no’but hed yan.
    T’ ya lūg hed been rovven an’ hung like a cloot,
      While t’ tudder stack ūp like t’ cockad’ iv a hat;
    Lang whiskers like brūssles spread o’ roond it’ snoot—
      It wosn’t a beauty—Keàte Cūrbison’ cat!

    Keàty Cūrbison’ cat was a terror to t’ toon—
      Till butt’ry an’ pantry it may’d hed a kay.
    Intil ivery hoose, ayder up t’ geàt or doon,
      By air-wole or chimla it wūmmelt it’ way.
    For thievin’ an’ reàvin’ ’twas war’ nor a fox,
      Ther’ wasn’t a hen-hoose it hedn’t been at;
    Young chickens, an’ geslins, an’ pigeons, an’ ducks
      Wer’ “ghem, gā ’way tul’t” to Keàte Cūrbison’ cat.

    Keàty Cūrbison’ cat like a tiger wad feight;—
      When it’ back was weel up an’ o’ ruddy for war
    It wad lick a cur dog mair nor ten times it’ weight,
      An’ mongrels an’ messans they dursn’t cū nār.
    It hed leet of a trap, an’ ya feùt was teàn off,
      An’ it’ tail bed been dock’t—but it dūdn’t mind that,
    It wad flee at owte whick ’at wad give it a lofe—
      A hero, i’ hair, was Keàte Cūrbison’ cat.

    Keàty Cūrbison’ cat hed of lives a lang lot—
      Yè ma’ toak aboot nine—it hed ninety an’ mair;
    It was preùf ageàn puzzen or pooder an’ shot—
      They hed buriet it yance, but it still dudn’t care.
    It was tiet iv a meal-bag an’ flung into t’ beck,
      But t’ bag it brong heàm for it’ mistress a brat,
    Limpin’, trailin’ ’t ahint it wi’ t’ string round it’ neck—
      T’ beck cūdn’t droon Keàty Cūrbison’ cat.

    Keàty Cūrbison’ cat browte oald Keàty to grief—
      Pooar body! she nowder was cūmly nor rich—
    An’ t’ neybors aboot settlet doon to t’ belief
      ’At her cat was a divil an’ she was a witch.
    An’ they said, “Let us swum her i’ t’ tarn,” an’ they dud;
      She swom a lāl bit, an’ than droon’t like a rat,
    An’ t’ cat aboot t’ spot swom as lang as it cūd;
      An’ finish’t at last was Keàte Cūrbison’ cat.


NOTE.

 I remember reading somewhere the story of one of the many old women
 so treated, in the wisdom of our ancestors, who was drowned while
 undergoing the common ordeal of being bound and thrown into deep
 water—and her cat, supposed to be her familiar spirit, swimming in
 circles over the place where she sank till it became exhausted and
 was also drowned. A story which made a lasting impression on my young
 imagination.




                       JOSEPH THOMPSON’S THUMB.

                       AN OLD HARRINGTON STORY.


    Jwosep’ Thompson leev’t lang up at Harrin’ton toon,[17]
      An’ a weel to dee, throughly oald marrow was Joe,
    Wid a neive like a neàf, an’ a feàce like a moon,
      An’ a shap’, standin’ ūp, like a tee-tak-up-o’.

    Jwosep’ Thompson hed ola’s been hearty an’ stoot,
      But trūbble o’ sūm mak’s gay sarten to cūm,
    An’ when threescwore an’ two he hed jūst coontit oot,
      He was terrably tyl’t wid a gedderin’ thūmb.

    For it feister’t an’ wark’t wid sa beàdless a stoon,
      ’At rist he gat nin for’t by neet nor by day;
    But he rantit aboot, or he reàv’t ūp an’ doon,
      Fairly greànin’ his life an’ fwokes patience away.

    Ther’ wer’ pokey oald wives aboot Harrin’ton than,
      An’ a varst of advice, o’ free gratis, he gat;
    But he gat nèa ’mends, dudn’t pooar oāld man,
      An’ he fail’t varra sair iv his leùks an’ his fat.

    He seeken’t at meat,—nay, he’d bowk at a speùn!
      An’ his beùrd he let growe like a Turk or a gwoat,
    An’ he squeak’t iv his toak like a fiddle oot o’ teùn,
      An’ like bags full o’ nowte hung his britches an’ cwoat.

    But o’ things they telt him Joe triet tūll his thūmb—
      Sec as cerat’, an’ yal-grūnds, an’ turmets an’ skarn,
    Screàp’t taties, an’ ’bacca, an’ pooder wid rūm,
      An’ reūts ’at they raik’t oot o’ t’ boddom o’ t’ tarn.

    An’ fegs, an’ bog-unnion, an’ blackberry buds,
      An’ carrots, an’ pūppies, an’ teàdsteùls, an’ sneels,
    An’ soave meàd wid rozzle an’ meal boil’t i’ sūds,
      An’ t’ fat rwoastit oot o’ beàth hag-wūrms an’ eels.

    An’ strang reisty bakin, an’ boil’t cabbish skrūnt,
      An’ broon seàp an’ sugger, an’ typstic, an’ tar,
    An’ he keept an’ oald pūltess of o’ mak’s upon’t,[18]
      Till Joe an’ his thūmb warn’t nice to cū’ nār.

    It was o’ nèa use-nūt a crūmb dūd he mend!
      An’ t’ parson co’ tūll him to pray an’ to read,
    An’ whisper, “I say, Jwosep’! think o’ thy end”—
      But he wadn’t—he thowte of a doctor asteed.

    An’ tul’ t’ doctor he dreàv iv his car—thumb an’ o’—
      An’ t’ doctor said, “Well, my lad—off this mūn cūm!”
    An’ he haggelt an’ cot at his pultess-bleach’t po’,
      Till Joe was weel shot of his mūrderin’ thumb.

    T’ doctor lapt ūp his hand varra fewsome an’ reet,
      An’ Joe, like a man, pait him weel for his job,
    An’, creùnin’, “I’s m’appen git sūm rist to-neet,”
      Joggelt heàm, pleased as Punch, wid his thumb in his fob.

    An’ to t’ wife says he, “Tak’ ’t to t’ churchyard oot o’ geàt,
      An’ bury ’t whoar I’ll lig mysel’ when I dee.”
    An’ she went wid a trooin an’ lantern, leàt,
      An’ left it i’ t’ spot whoar Joe said it mud be.

    Jwosep’ to’k till his meat, for his hand mendit weel—
      (He hed gud healin’ flesh, an’ fine natur’, hed Joe,)[19]
    He screàp’t off his beùrd—he gev ow’r wid his squeel,
      An’ was gittin’ as pūbble an’ roond as a bo’.

    But jūst when he thowte o’ his trūbble was geàn,
      A pain com’ ageàn, wār nor iver he’d fund,
    An’ theear it keept burnin’ an’ bworin’ i’ t’ beàn
      O’ t’ thumb ’at was buriet an’ coald under t’ grūnd.[20]

    Jwosep’ went back to t’ doctor, an’ t’ oald wicket teul
      H’ard his teàl, an’ says he, wid a snūrt an’ a gūrn,
    “If thy thumb’s i’ t’ churchyard, thoo pooar priest-bodder’t feùl,
      Thoo ma’ mak’ thysel’ suer while it bides it ’ill būrn.”

    He laid him sūm plaisters o’ soav on his po’,
      An’ gev him sūm stuff to lig on tūl’t at heàm;
    But nowte putten on tul’t gev easement tūll Joe,
      For t’ būrnin’ an’ bworin’ wer’ iverly t’ seàm.

    An’ it keept on sa bad, he tūrn’t maffelt an’ maiz’t,
      An’ sa wankle an’ wake ’at he to’k tull his bed,
    Whoar, liggin’ hoaf deid, ey, an’ mair nor hoaf craiz’t,
      He cūd think aboot nowte but what t’ doctor hed said.

    He triet nūt to speak on’t—He knew ’twasn’t reet,
      But it ola’s beàd by him—his uppermor’ thowte;
    An’ he yammer’t at t’ wife tull she went back at neet
      To dig ūp t’ oald thūmb, an’ brong’t heàm iv a cloot.

    They laid it i’ t’ gardin, an’ hoo ’t com’ aboot
      Nowder t’ mistress nor t’ parson cūd under-cum-stand,
    But sarten it was, fray that varra time oot,
      Sairy Jwosep’ was bodder’t na mair wid his hand.

    But Jwosep’ was niver ageàn his oald sel’.
      An’ a questi’n com’ ūp still whativer he tried,
    “If a thùmb i’ t’ churchyard was sa bad, whoa cūd tell
      What a corp’ pùtten in’t o’togidder mūd bide!”

    This he maddel’t aboot ebben endways away—
      As lang as he breath’t it was ola’s his drone;
    An’ t’ wife hed na peace till he gat her to say
      He sud lig by his-sel’ iv a field o’ the’r oan.

    An’ Joe tiet her up till her wūrd iv his will,
      For theear suer aneuf when he dee’t it was fūnd
    ’At he’d left o’ tull hūr, no’but if she’d fulfil
      His craze ageàn liggin’ i’ consecrate grūnd.

    An’ Joe hed his way, for a square roughish steàn[21]
      By t’ dike, i’ t’ Sco’-lonnin’, at this varra day,
    Tell’s whoar Jwosep’ Thompson ligs whyet an’ leàn—
      Keep us weel fray sec doctors as Jwosep’s, I pray!

    An’ keep us, I pray, fray o’ wild wicket toak,
      Bringan’ bodder an’ fashment tull oald an’ tull yūng.
    Jwosep’ Thompson wad ristit wid Christian fwoke,
      If t’ doctor he went tull hed hodden his tūng!


[17] Harrington Town, the ancient village about half a mile inland,
is so called in distinction from Harrington Harbour, the small
sea-port, which is modern. The heiress of the family which took its
name and title from Harrington was mother of the Lord Bonville and
Harrington, brother-in-law to the king-making Earl of Warwick. The
manor was forfeited by the attainder of Henry Grey, Duke of Suffolk,
great-grandson of the said Lord Bonville, and father of Lady Jane Grey,
and given by the Queen (Mary), to the Curwens of Workington, who still
hold it.

[18] Should this compendium of topical applications seem at all
overcharged, I would state that it consists of well known popular
remedies, mostly of _some_ use, and falls far short, whether in
variety, extravagance, or repulsiveness of the multifarious nostra
recommended by amateurs of the healing art in Cumberland and the
adjacent counties. The “poultice of o’ maks” is not, as its name seems
to imply, a compound, but a simple substance, which it is unnecessary
to indicate more distinctly than to mention that it was generally
turned to when pleasanter applications had failed. I have frequently
heard old people extol its virtues as a promoter of suppuration, but
I trust its use may now be classed with the “many precious rites and
customs of our rural forefathers,” which, as Wordsworth has said, “are
gone or stealing from us.“

[19] This alludes to the popular belief, not altogether unfounded, that
readiness in healing is connected with an easy disposition.

[20] A delusion common enough after amputation.

[21] The stone stood—I believe stands—behind the hedge which on the
western side fences the lane called Scaw-lonning, near High Harrington.
When I last saw it—many years ago—the subjoined inscription was quite
distinct upon it—plainer, indeed, than any of similar date in the
churchyard:—

    ”JOSEPH THOMPSON may here be found
    Who would not lie in consecrated ground
    Died May 13th 1745
    Aged 63 when he was alive”

With the traditional account of the circumstances that caused this
fancy of Joseph Thompson’s, the details given in the rhyme coincide as
closely as my recollection of a tale heard in boyhood enables me to
make them.

Since the first appearance of this, however, another version of the
matter has been reported to me by old friends near the spot—but
inasmuch as it does not account so perfectly as the old story for
Joseph’s objection to ALL consecrated ground, I feel bound to abide
by my first choice. The, to me, new story tells that Joseph Thompson
annoyed the clerk in the church so seriously by repeating the responses
in a voice that quite drowned his, that at length the said functionary
exclaimed during service—“Is thoo t’ clark, or is I t’ clark? If thoo’s
t’ clark, cūm up hèar, an’ I’ll cūm doon thèar!“—and, on Joseph’s
paying no attention to his appeal, supplemented it by assaulting him.
The clergyman taking his clerk’s side in the quarrel, Joseph Thompson
declared he would never come near the church again, dead or alive, and
kept his word.

I take leave to think that my version is the better, whichever may be
the truer tale. I have further been told that the stone formerly stood
in the centre of the field—and on the land coming into the possession
of Mr. John Christian Curwen, the farmer waited upon that distinguished
agriculturist to obtain permission to remove it to the hedge-side, and
to plough the field. When he was told the history of the monument, and
its inscription was recited to him, Mr. Curwen exclaimed, _more suo_,
”_Would not lie in consecrated ground!_ Then, plough him up! D—— him,
plough him up!”




                             CURSTY BENN.


    Cūrsty Benn of Under-Skiddaw
      Leev’t on t’ land whoar he was bworn;
    Eight-ty yacre, lea and meedow—
      Forty, green-crop, seeds an’ cworn.
    Cūrsty’ wife, a fewsome body,
      Brong him barnes, some nine or ten,
    Menseful, meat-heàl, fat an’ ruddy;—
      “Whoar’s their like?” said Cūrsty Benn.

    Cūrsty hed ya mortal failin’—
      Whoa may say they’ve less nor that?—
    Rayder fond was he o’ trailin’
      Off frae heàm an’ bidin’ leàt.
    Fray Kes’ick Kit was ola’s leàtish;
      Hoo that com’ t’ wife gat to ken,
    When i’ t’ market neets she’d nwotish
      Signs o’ drink i’ Cūrsty Benn.

    Cūrsty’ wife was kind an’ canny,
      Nowder gi’en to flyte nor fret;
    “Weel aneùf,” she said, “I ken he
      Mayn’t be cured by sulks an’ pet;
    But I moon’t sit by an’ see him,
      Gear an’ grun’ spang-hew an’ spen’,
    I mūn gang till Kes’ick wi’ him!”
      Nowte ageàn’t said Cursty Benn.

    When they dadg’t away togidder,
      O’ row’t reet a canny bit;
    Cūrsty, pleas’t to market wid her,
      Tiped his pints, but dūdn’t sit.
    No’but for a bit it lastit—
      Sooa ’t’s been afoor an’ sen!
    When fwoke thowte she’d wiled him past it,
      Tull’t ageàn went Cūrsty Benn.—

    Tull’t ageàn i’ t’ public-hooses,
      Whilk an’ Cūrsty dūdn’t care;
    Adam Gill’s, or Mistress Boose’s,
      T’ Yak, t’ Queen’s Heed, or t’ Hoonds an’ Hare.
    Through them o’ t’ wife whiles went laitin’—
      Whiles, for hours an’ hours an’ en’,
    In their shandry sat she waitin’,
      Coald on t’ street, for Cūrsty Benn.

    Ya’ fine neet when leàt she gat him—
      Fairly forced to flyte, t’ poor deàm
    Lowsed her tongue reet freely at him,
      While t’ oald yoad went stammerin’ heàm.
    Whietly Kit bore her clatter,
      Nea back-wūrd he’d gi’en her, when
    T’ mèar pu’t up aside some watter;—
      “Drink, gūd lass!” says Cūrsty Benn.

    Lang she dronk, an’ lood she grūntit,
      Till a gay gud drain she’d hed;
    Than as t’ rwoad yance mair she frūntit,
      Cūrsty’ wife tūll Cūrsty said—
    “Sees t’e, min! that pooar oald mèar,
      When she’s full, she’s t’ sense to ken;
    Can’t thoo tak’ a pattren bee her—
      _Drink an deùn wi’t_, Cūrsty Benn?”

    “Whey!” says Kit, “but tūrn that watter
      Intill yāll, wid udder yoads
    Sittin’ roond it—hoddin’ at her—
      Tellin’ her t’ time mak’s na odds—
    Shootin’ oot, ‘Here’s te the’, Cūrsty!—
      (Mèars is mèars—men’s nowte but men!)—
    But I dūrst lay a pūnd ’at dūrst Ee,
      _She_’d sit on—like Cūrsty Benn!”

NOTE.

 Of this anecdote different versions are current, and various
 localities are assigned to it—Scotch as well as English. I take leave
 to think however that the Cumberland version, as given here, is the
 best of all that have been given.




                      TOM RAILTON’S WHITE SPATS.


“Spats!” said Tom, “Nay! I niver hed a par o’ spats i’ my life; but
yance I’d as nār as a toucher gitten two par; an’ I’s tell ye hoo it
com’ aboot ’at I dudn’t.

“Nūt varra lang efter we wer’ weddit, an oald uncle o’ t’ wife’s com’
ower t’ fell frae Ireby to see us an’ stop wid us a bit. Ya ebenin’
when we wer’ sittin’ crackin’ away roond t’ fire, some way or udder,
oor toak happen’t to tūrn on men-fwoke’s driss, t’ change o’ fashions,
an’ sec like; an’ oald uncle Geordie begon to brag ’at they used to
driss far better when he was yūng nor they dūd than; an’ by way o’
clinchin’ his teàl, he says, ‘Can ye finnd me a smo’ steàtsman’s sūn
noo-a-days ’at ’ll worder six par o’ white corduroy knee britches o’
at yance!’ ‘Six par o’ corduroy britches?’ says I. ‘Ey,’ says he,
‘corduroy britches, as white as drip!’ ‘Whey, no!’ says I, ‘I wadn’t
ken whoar to leuk for a fellow ’at wad git six par o’ britches of any
mak’ o’ at yance?’ ‘Well than,’ says he, ‘jūst rūb yer een clear,
an’ leùk hard to this side o’ yer oan fire,’ says he, an’ ye’ll see
a fellow ’at beath wad an’ dud git them! When I furst begon to ride
efter t’ hoonds,’ says he, ‘I gat six par o’ white cword britches, an’
two par o’ top beùts. T’ beùts was worn oot many a year sen, but I’ve
t’ six par o’ britches yit, laid bye, an’ for owte I know, they’re as
white as iver.’ Wid that our wife spak up—she thowte a vast mair aboot
my leùks than nor she does noo—an’ she says, ‘Uncle George,’ says she,
‘will ye iver weear yer white britches agean?’ ‘Nay, my lass,’ says
he, ‘I think my white britches days is gaily weel ower, but what o’
that?’ ‘O, nowte,’ says she, ‘but I’ve a nwotion ’at Tom here wadn’t
misbecome white britches an’ top beùts, when he’s ridin’ aboot, an’ as
they’re o’ nea use till yersel’ noo, ye’d better send them ower till
him.’ ‘Whe—e—ey!’ says he, iv a dronin’ soort of a way, ‘Whey! Whey!
but m’appen they willn’t gang on him,’ says he. ‘O!’ says she, ‘but
ye know we med mebbe let them oot a bit, an’ mak’ them gang on him.’
‘Well, well,’ says her uncle, ‘I’ll send him ya par on them to try,
an’ if they fit, an’ he likes them, he may hev mair efter.’ An’ sure
aneuf, when he went back heam ageàn, he sent a par on them ower, as he
said, as white as drip; an’ we beàth thowte he mud ha’ been a parlish
oald buck if he hed o’ udder things to match when he gat sec a stock
o’ white britches. Nowte wad sarra t’ wife, when we’d leukt at them,
but I mud try them on theear an’ than, an’ see hoo they fittit. We gat
a terrible begonk when we fund ’at they wadn’t gang on at o’. He was
rayder a wizzent oald fellow than, an’ he’d been a wizzent fellow when
he’d geàn sproguein’ aboot iv his white corduroys mebbe thurty year
afoor, for t’ knees on them, wid o’ t’ buttons lowse, wadn’t come ower
t’ bo’s o’ my legs, an’, what was warse nor o’ t’ tudder, ther was
nowte left o’ t’ seam to let them oot wid. Sooa they wer laid bye be
theirsel’s at oor hoose, just as t’ tudder five par on them wer liggin’
laid bye togidder at Ireby.

A gay while efter that, when I’d forgitten o’ aboot t’ white britches,
an oald crony o’ mine chanced to be iv oor part, an’ co’t to see us,
an’ stopt o’ neet. We nwotish’t ’at he hed shoes on, an’ t’ bonniest
spats we’d ever owder on us seen; for they fittit roond his ancles
an’ ower his shoe tops widoot ayder a lirk or a lowse spot, an’ I
said, ‘Charley,’ says I, ‘whoariver did tè manish to git sec fitters
as them?’ ‘O!’ says he, ‘I hed t’ pattren on them frae Scotland, an’
my sister maks them for me as I want them.’ ‘Thy sister maks them!’
says I, ‘Whey, I wad ha’ sworn thoo’d been to t’ varra heid tailior
i’ Whitehebben for them!’ ‘Well,’ says he, ‘t’ pattren’s sa plain an’
simple ’at she cuts them oot by it, an’ mak’s them quite easy; an’, as
ye say, they fit as weel as if t’ best tailior i’ t’ land hed been at
t’ makin’ on them. But if ye like, I’ll send ye t’ pattren by post, an’
Mistress Railton may try her hand at them for thee.’

“Well, t’ pattren o’ t’ spats com, as Charley promish’t it sud, an’
efter she’ leùk’t it weel ower, an’ fittit it on my feùt, t’ wife
clap’t her hands an’ shootit, ‘I can dee’t, Tom! I can dee’t! an’ thoo
sall hev a par of _white_ spats. There’s nowte maks a man leùk sa like
a gentleman as clean white spats! Did t’e iver see Dr. Dick Ringer o’
Cockermouth? Well, what was’t ’at meàd him ola’s leùk cleaner, an’
breeter, an’ fresher, an’ better-like nor anybody theear? Whey, nowte
at o’ else but t’ white spats ’at he used to weear ivery day! I’ll mak
thee a par o’ spats oot o’ pooar oald uncle Geordie’s corduroys ’at
wadn’t gang on the’, an’ I’ll mak them i’ time for the’ to put on when
thoo gangs to Peerith nixt market day!’ I so’ it was nea use sayin’
she sudn’t, if I’d been that way inclined, an’ I wasn’t; sooa she set
to wark off hand, an’ ripp’t doon t’ white breeks, an’ pin’t Charley’s
pattren on t’ cleàth, an’ cot it up by ’t; an’ as her heart was set on
t’ job, she hed t’ spats finish’t lang afoor t’ time she said. When we
com to try them on, yan on them was a varra decent fit, but t’ tudder
wasn’t: it seem’t to stand off whoar it sud sit clwose, an’ to sit
clwose whoar it sudn’t, an’ it was a gay while afooar we fund oot t’
reason on’t. But I happn’t, at last, to glime up at hūr, an’ ther was
mair trūbble iv her feàce ner I’d iver seen afooar. ‘Bliss thy heart,
Mary!’ says I, ‘whativer’s t’ matter wid the’? Thoo leuks as if thy
poddish was welsh!’ ‘Doesn’t thoo see?’ she says. ‘Can tè nūt see ’at
I’ve meàd them beàth for t’ seàm feùt? Whoar’s thy eyes, thoo mafflin?’
says she, tackin’ it oot o’ me acoase she was mad at hersel’, ‘Whoar’s
t’ een on the’, I wūnder, ’at thoo doesn’t see t’ buttons is at t’
inside o’ t’ ya feùt, an’ t’ ootside o’ t’ tudder?’ ‘By jing,’ says I,
‘an’ seea they urr! Thoo _hes_ meàd a fist on’t! Thoo _hes_ tailior’t
till a bonnie end! If this be thy tailiorin’, I think thoo’d better
stick till thy hoose-keepin’ wark for t’ rist o’ thy life!’ But I so’
t’ watter gedderin’ iv her eyes, an’ I so’ ’at it no’but wantit anudder
wūrd or two to mak’ her blurt reet oot, an’ seea I said nea mair. O’ at
yance she breeten’t up ageàn, an’ pot her arm roond my neck an’ ga’e
me a kiss, an’ said, ‘Niver fret aboot it, Tom lad,’ says she, ‘ther’s
aneùf left o’ t’ oald britches to mak anudder par o’ spats. Thoo’s
gitten two for t’ reet feùt, an’ thoo sall hev two for t’ left, an’
than thoo need niver gang frae heàm adoot white spats to thy feet, for
t’ ya par ’ill wesh t’ tudder thoo sees!’

“I thowte I _was_ gā’n to be set up wi’ spats for sure, for she went at
t’ oald corduroy ageàn feùrcer nor iver, an’ hed two mair meàd afoor I
ken’t whoar I was. She hed them o’ wesh’t an’ iron’t, an’ straps putten
on them, ruddy for gā’n to chūrch o’ t’ Sunday mwornin’; but loavin’
bliss us o’ weel! if she hedn’t geàn an’ meàd o’ t’ fower for t’ reet
feùt, an’ left me just as far off hevin’ spats to my feet as iver. Mad
as we war, we beàth brast oot laughin’, an’ laugh’t tull hūr laugh hed
rayder less of a cry in’t nor it hed at t’ fūrst, an’ than says I,
‘What’s to be deùn noo, Mally?’ I says, ‘Urr we to send till Ireby for
anudder par o’ t’ drip white corduroys, an’ hev fower par o’ spats? I
is gā’n to be weel spattit i’ t’ lang run!’ ‘Nay,’ says she, ‘I’ll spat
the’ na mair spats; I’ll lig thur i’ my oan top-dro’er, an’ wheniver I
see them they’ll be a warnin’ to me nūt to mell wi’ wark at I hevn’t
been browte up till. Fwoke says it taks nine tailiors to mak’ a man,
but I divn’t think anybody hes tell’t us hoo many women it may tak’ to
mak’ a tailior; but whedder it tak’s many or few, thoo may mak’ thysel’
seàf an’ suer ’at thy wife willn’t be yan o’ them.’ An’ that was t’ way
I was deùn oot o’ my chance o’ gittin’ two par o’ spats.”




                            A SNECK POSSET.


    Niver ageàn, Eddy! Niver ageàn!
    If I moo’n’t hev a lad ’at ’ill coort me my leàn,
    ’At ’ill hod by ya sweetheart, an’ me be that yan,
            I mūn bide as I is till I dee.
    Thū’s coddel’t Keàt Crosstet, Ann Atchin, Jane Blair,
    ’Becca Rudd, Mary Mo’son, Ruth Lytle, an’ mair;
    Thoo says it’s o’ fūn, an’ sec fūn ma’ be fair,
            But it doesn’t seem jannic to me.

    I favour’t the’, ey! abeùn o’ t’ lads aboot;
    I thowte, like a feùl, ’at thū’d sing-elt me oot
    Frae t’ tūdders, an’ I’ve been reet sarra’t, na doobt,
            To trust sec a taistrel as thee.
    Reet sarra’t? Ey, mess! I was warn’t gaily weel,—
    I was tel’t hoo thū’d feùl’t an’ than left Greàcy Peile;
    An’ what reet hed I to believe thoo wad deal
            Ayder fairer or fonter wi’ me?

    Fwoke tel’t mé thoo com of a slape, sneeky breed;—
    ’At a tungue sec as thine seldom hung iv a heid;—
    ’At twice i’ three times when thoo said owte, thoo leed;
            But I fanciet that hardly cūd be.
    For ’Speàtry, I kent, was a hard-spocken pleàce,
    An’ I thowte ’at, may-hap, thū’d been wrang’t aboot Greàce;—
    God help mé!—I thowte I read t’ truth i’ thy feàce,
            When thoo swore thoo cared only for me.

    We’re silly, us lasses—We’re maizlins, I know!—
    We’re t’ meàst teàn wi’ them ’at oor frinds meàst misco’;
    An’ when we’re teàn in, we’ve to shear what we sow,
            An’ to rue sec mistaks till we dee.
    But leet com’ i’ time, an’ it o’ com’ at yance,
    I so’t fair aneùf, but, to give thee ya chance,
    I went by mysel’ to Jane Loncaster’s dance,
            Just to see if thoo dūd care for me.

    Theear, hoaf oot o’ seet, a bye corner I teùk,
    An’ thoo dūdn’t cū’ nār; nūt a smile nor a leùk
    Dūd té kest to poor me, as I dark’t i’ my neùk,
            An’ wūnder’t I’d trustit i’ thee.
    Thoo stack till Bess Bruff like a cockelty būr;
    An’ she cūtter’t wi’ thee jūst to greg Harry Scūrr;—
    When t’ cūshi’n com’ in thoo teùk t’ cūshi’n tull hur,
            An’ thoo glimed, when thoo kiss’t her, at me.

    But Harry an’ Bess meàd it up iv a crack;
    An’ noo, ’at thū’s hed a begonk, thoo cū’s back;
    But if _thū’s_ fūnd oot _thine_, I’ve fūnd oot _my_ mistak’,
            An’, I’ll ho’d mysel’ heart-heàl an’ free.
    Sooa Neddy, gud lad, dro’ thy steàk, an’ be gā’n;
    Amang thy oald chances thū’s m’appen finnd yan
    Ma’ be fain, though thū’s snaip’t her, to hev the’ ageàn,
            But, Eddy! that yan isn’t me.




                  REMARKS ON THE CUMBERLAND DIALECT.


The dialect of Cumberland, spoken in its purity only in the central
parts of the county, may be admitted to be deficient in rhythm; and
remarkable as it is for force and expression, its harshness of cadence
renders it scarcely available for any poetry except the humorous or
descriptive. By those unaccustomed or unattached to it, it may probably
be considered hard and coarse even in prose compositions.

Its principal peculiarity is to be found in its vowel and diphthongal
sounds, which, for the most part, are made either broader or deeper
than in ordinary pronunciation; and this may be indicated with
sufficient ease and distinctness, by means of phonetic spelling, when
written or printed, to enable any reader with a little practice and
care to pronounce broad Cumbrian with tolerable correctness.

The most important instance of this vowel peculiarity exists in the
pronunciation of the long A and the short U, the former of which
is sounded generally _yah_ and the latter _uh_; thus to secure the
Cumbrian pronunciation—ale must be spelled _yahl_ and ace, _yahss_,
lame is made _lyahm_, name _nyahm_, etc., etc., all monosyllabic,
or, to prevent the accent being laid upon the Y, and so making two
syllables, these words might be written _leahm_, _neahm_. As regards
the U, the first syllable of cunning is in Cumberland lengthened out
exactly to the sound of the German _kuhn_, and come is made _kuhm_.
These sounds can only be conveyed by the interposition of the H. When I
first scribbled in the folk-speech of Cumberland I wrote it after this
fashion, and the efficacy of the method was proved by the fact that
intelligent or painstaking readers, knowing nothing of the dialect as
spoken, were able to repeat the verses called “Branthet Neuk Boggle”
in a style that might have satisfied even an exigeant professor of our
Cumbrian philology.

The Cumberland dialect so written, however, had a remarkably ugly and
uncouth appearance when printed, and the remonstrances of my present
provincial publisher induced me to abandon the H orthography, and
endeavour to secure the proper pronunciations by means of accent marks,
spelling the words instanced above _leàm_, _neàm_, _cūnning_, _cūm_, et
similia similiter.

The broad O and Oa are in our Cumberland speech altered into _eà_, with
the sound of _yah_, home becoming _heàm_, broad _breàd_, etc. There
are exceptions to this as to most other rules, for lane is rendered
as _lwoan_ or _lonnin’_, choke as _chowk_, croak as _crowk_, road as
_rwoad_, and more as _mair_, while shore has its ordinary sound. Almost
in reversal of these changes the broad A as in ball, a dance, Al, as
in walk, Aw, as in awful, are sounded like the broad O or Oa, thus
_boall_, _woak_, _oaful_, etc.; but the L is preserved in _oala’s_, for
always, scalp is pronounced _scowpe_, and ball, a plaything, is _bo’_,
all, _oa’_, call, _co’_, hall, _ho’_, etc., etc.

Ea gets the pronunciation properly given to it in veal and mead; so
that bread is _breed_, head, _heed_, dead, _deed_, etc., etc.; but
when this diphthong precedes R, as in bear, wear, etc., it becomes
dissyllabic like fear, as commonly pronounced, and mare too becomes
_mee-ar_.

Ei becomes _ay_, either and neither becoming _ayder_ and _nayder_,
sometimes _owder_ and _nowder_.

The broad I in bite, write, etc., the Cumbrians deepen almost as is
done by well educated people in the southern counties, with notable
exceptions however, the first personal pronoun being made Ah; Igh,
shortened and gutturalized by the Scotch, being sounded like _Ee_,
night being _neet_, light, _leet_, etc., and find and bind pronounced
like wind, viz.—_finnd_, _binnd_.

The double O is generally pronounced _eù_, or more exactly _yuh_
shortly, fool being _feùl_, school, _scheùl_, etc., in one short
syllable. Do and too are often pronounced according to this rule,
but almost equally often are made into _dee_ and _tee_, while the
preposition to is for the most part changed into _till_ or _tull_.

With Ou and Ow Cumberland speakers are somewhat capricious, round being
made _roond_, town, _toon_, etc., but found and bound become _fūnd_ and
_būnd_, ought, _owte_, nought, _nowte_, etc.

O with the sound of the short U is treated in a very arbitrary
manner—one being called _yan_, none, _nin_, and oven, _yubben_.

Qu is generally softened into _wh_, aspirated distinctly—quick being
pronounced w_hick_, and quite, _white_, and Quaker, with old people, is
_Whaker_.

Y is sometimes converted into G, as in _garth_ for yard, _garn_ for
yarn; and again that habit is sometimes reversed, as in _yatt_ for gate.

The corruptions or variations of consonants are not so marked as those
of vowels. The most notable are the hardening of Th into Dd, making
father, _fadder_, mother, _mūdder_, etc.; and the dropping of the two
last of the three letters in the definite article, well illustrated
by the Whitehaven boy’s reply to an enquiry as to what ships had come
in:—“_T’_ ’Enry, an’ _t’_ ’Ebe, an’ _t’_ Ant, an’ _t’_ Atlas, an’ _t’_
Aurora;” i.e. the Henry, the Hebe, the Ant, the Atlas, and the Aurora.
Then we may notice the discarding of the final letter from all words
ending in ing, and changing that syllable in all present participles to
_an_, the participle of pass being in Cumberland more like the French
pass_ant_ than the English pass_ing_; also the final age being made
_ish_, as in _cabbish_ for cabbage, _manish_ for manage, etc.; the
final ous too undergoing the same change, as in _faymish_ for famous,
_parlish_ for parlous, etc.; also idge as in _poddish_ for porridge, or
primarily, potage.

V is often converted into B or Bb—evening, eleven, Whitehaven being
called _ebenin’_, _elebben_, _Whitehebben_, etc.

These corruptions and deviations comprise nearly all the points
wherein the dialect of Cumberland differs in sound and pronunciation
from ordinary English speech; and set forth roughly, as they are,
(abbreviations explaining themselves, and archaic words being given
in a concise glossary) they may, with a little attention, enable the
uninitiated reader to understand all the Cumbrian pieces contained in
this volume.

Some irregular verbs, as well as some not commonly classed as
irregular, are curiously varied in Cumbrian conjugations. I give a few
of these, written down as they rise in recollection, and arranged a la
Lindley Murray.

     _Present._          _Past._           _Past Participle._
  Break               Brack               Brocken
  Bring               Brong, and Brang    Browte
  Brust (burst)       Brast               Brossen
  Cleed (clothe)      Cleàd               Cled
  Clim’               Clam                Clim’t and Clum
  Cūm (come)          Com                 Cum’t
  Cut                 Cot and Cuttit      Cutten
  Drink               Drunk               Drucken and Drocken
  Drive               Dreàv               Druvven
  Fling               Flang               Flung
  Git (get)           Gat                 Gitten
  Gi’e (give)         Gev                 Gi’en
  Ga and Gang (go)    Went                Geàn
  Greet (weep)        Grat                Grūtten
  Hit                 Hat and Hot         Hitten
  Ho’d (hold)         Hodit               Hodden
  Let                 Let                 Letten
  Kest (cast)         Kest                Kessen
  Knead               Knod                Knodden
  May                 May’d or Med
  Mun (must)          Mūd
  Put                 Pot                 Putten
  Rive                Reàv                Ruvven
  Run                 Ron                 Run
  Rise                Reùz                Ruzzen
  Stick               Stack               Stuck and Stucken
  Set                 Set                 Setten
  Tak                 Tok and Teùk        Tocken
  Thrust              Thrustit            Throssen

Minced or modified oaths are remarkably numerous in Cumberland, and
in very common use. Most of them have descended from the old Roman
Catholic times when, as Dr. Newman in speaking of Roman Catholic
populations of the present day, avers, habitual swearing indicated
piety and reverence for things sacred, and not profaneness. As heard
now in Cumberland, these ancient expletives are as void of piety as
of profanity, being used without any knowledge of their original
signification, and merely to add force to asseveration, and to express,
as varied in tone, surprise, disgust, pleasure, or indeed almost
any feeling or emotion whatever. I append a few of these with their
probable, often obvious, etyma:—

  ’Scush or Skerse                 God’s curse
  Goy, and Goy Sonn                God, and God’s Son
  Gock, and Gock Sonn              Ibid.    Ibid.
  ’Od’s wuns an’ deeth             God’s wounds and death
  Loavin’ days                     Loving Jesus
  ’Od’s wintry wuns                God’s sundry, or wondrous, wounds
  ’Od’s wyte leet on thee          God’s blame fall on you
  ’Od rot, ’Od sink, etc., etc.    See _Dickinson’s_ Glossary
  ’ Marry                          By Mary
  ’ Mess                           By the Mass
  Dār, Dy, and Dyne                Damn
  Faix, and Faikins                Faith
  Cock’s wunters                   God’s wonders
  Loze                             Lord
  My song                          My soul
  Deil bin                         Devil be in

The peculiarities of the Scottish dialect have been explained by many
writers, much more ably, as well as more at length, than may be done by
me. Therefore the only assistance towards the understanding my Scots
rhymes that I offer the reader is to intermingle, in the glossary
appended, such Scottish words as I have used, with those proper to
Cumberland and those common to both sides the Border.

The brief glossary here given consists, then, only of the words used
in Scotland or Cumberland, or both, which appear in the foregoing
_Tales and Rhymes_; corruptions and abbreviations being omitted.
The significations I alone am answerable for, having, in nearly all
instances, adopted the sense I can recollect the words being used in
by the people speaking them in their daily talk. The quotations are
intended to make these significations more intelligible, and also,
by showing the manner in which the words so illustrated are used by
others, to prove that the meanings I have so adopted are generally
correct.




                              A GLOSSARY

                                  OF

                       SCOTCH AND CUMBRIAN WORDS

      OCCURRING IN THE RHYMES AND TALES CONTAINED IN THIS VOLUME.

C signifies that the word it follows is Cumbrian. S that it is Scotch.
S and C that it is common to both dialects.


A.

Addle, or Eddle, C, earn.

 “What, I mun tak’ my flale wimma, antres I git a job er two a
 threyshin, Ise _addle_ summat be’t.”
                                     _Rev. T. Clarke._ Johnny Shippard.

Aiblins, S, perhaps.

    “But _aiblins_ neighbour ye have not the heart,
    An’ downa eithly wi’ the cunzie part.”
                                         _Ramsay._ The Gentle Shepherd.

Aneuf, C, enough in quantity.

Anew, C, enough in number.

 “We’ve _anew_ o’ sec as thee, an’ _aneuf_ o’ what thou brings wid
 thee.”—Said to a Hawker.

Aslew, C, amiss, out of course.

 “There’s nowte sa far _aslew_ but gud manishment med set it
 streight.”—Proverb.

Atweel, S, I wot well. Used to strengthen either affirmation or denial.

    “Are they a’ Johnie’s?
      Eh! _atweel_ na;
    Twa o’ them were born
      When Johnie was awa.”
    Song—We’re a’ Noddin’.


B.

Back-end, C, late autumn.

 “T’ _back-end’s_ ola’s t’ bare-end.”—Proverb.

Bain, C, near, convenient. Used in most of the northern counties.

 “I swin’d my ways t’ _bainest_ geeat ower t’ fell into Sleddle.”
                                     _Rev. T. Clarke._ Johnny Shippard.

Bairn, S, a child; Barne, C.

 “Maidens’ _bairns_ are aye weel bred.”—Proverb.

 “They hed _barnes_ an’ bits o’ flesh persirv’d i’ bottles as fwok does
 berries.”—_Ritson._ The Borrowdale Letter.

Barken’t, S and C, encrusted.

 “For God-seak put that barne in t’ dolly-tūb an’ scrūb’t: it’s fairly
 _barken’t_ ower wid mūck.”—Said of a rarely washed infant.

Barrow-back’t, C, bent by heavy work, such as wheeling loaded _barrows_.

 “He’s gitten bow’t an’ _barrow-back’t_, an’ wizzent sair o’ t’
 feàce.”—Heard at Ullock.

Batt, S and C,

    “At ya _batt_ he fell’t me flat,
    ’Od dye! he’ll be a darter.”
                                           _Mark Lonsdale._ The Upshot.

Baul’, S, bold, fierce.

 “The first fuff o’ a fat haggis is aye the _baul’est_.”—Proverb.

Beàdless, C. This adjective is used to signify intolerable in
suffering, and also impatient of pain—thus

 “He says t’ pain’s _beàdless_, but than he’s a _beàdless_ body.”
                                                      Said to a Doctor.

Beck, C, a rivulet.

 “Change is leetsome, if it’s no’but oot o’ bed intil t’ _beck_.”
                                                               Proverb.

Beel, C, to bellow like a bull.

 “Summet tha caw’t roworgins began a _beelin’_ like a hundred mad
 bulls, an’ as many lal lads i’ ther sarks began a screamin’ murder, I
 think, for ivery _beel_ was like thunner.”
                                       _Ritson._ The Borrowdale Letter.

Begonk, Old S and C, a disappointment, “a sell.”

    “Now Cromwell’s gane to Nick; an’ ane ca’d Monk
    Has played the Rumple a richt slee _begunk_.”
                                         _Ramsay._ The Gentle Shepherd.

Begood, S, began.

    “The baronne he _begood_ to bob,
    No longer colde he stande.”
                                                 _Hogg._ Lyttil Pynkie.

Beild, S and C, shelter.

 “Better a wee buss than nae _beild_.”—Proverb. _Burns’_ Motto.

 “Weal _beealt_ frae t’ fell wind by some heeh crags.”
                                     _Rev. T Clarke._ T’ Reysh-bearin’.

Bein, S, snug, comfortable.

    “Were your _bein_ rooms as thinly stocked as mine,
    Less ye wad lose, and less wad ye repine.”
                                         _Ramsay._ The Gentle Shepherd.

Belyve, S and C, by and bye.

 “_Belyve_, the elder bairns come drapping in.”
                                      _Burns._ Cotter’s Saturday Night.

Ben, S, the inner part of a house.

 “It’s ill bringing but what’s no _ben_.”—Proverb.

Bent, S, a coarse hard grass; applied also to the sterile land where
bent grows.

    “Gin ye’ll consent to scour the _bent_
    Wi’ me, a rantin’ Hielandman.”
                                                      _Hamilton._ Song.

Billie, S, brother.

    “Be of gude cheir, now, Archie lad!
    Be of gude cheir, now, dear _billie_.”
                                             Ballad—Archie o’ Ca’field.

Bink, S, a bench for sitting upon.

 “For faut o’ wise fouk feuls sit on _binks_.”—Proverb.

Birl, S, to drink in conviviality; also to spend money in drinking.

    “When they were at the supper set
    An’ _birlin’_ at the wine.”
                                                   Ballad—Young Huntin.
    “She took me in, she set me doon,
      An’ hecht to keep me lawin’ free;
    But, cunning carlin’ that she was,
      She gar’t me _birl_ my bawbee.”
                                         Song—Andro’ wi’ his cutty gun.

 In the Lake Country the attendants who serve the drink round at
 sheep-shearings, etc., are called _burlers_.

Birkie, S, a brisk forward fellow.

    “See yon _birkie_ ca’d a lord.”
                                                  _Burns._ For a’ that.

Black-kites, C, bramble berries; in some parts called brummel-kites, in
others black-bums.

 “I wantit grog—she brong mé _black-kite_ wine.”
                                                   Heard at Harrington.

Blate, S and C, bashful.

 “A _blate_ cat maks a proud mouse.”—Proverb.

                  “I’ve wonder’t oft o’ leàte
    What made thee leùk sea skar an’ seem sea _bleàte_.”
                                            _Graham._ Gwordie and Will.

Bleeze, S and C, flame.

    “In winter when he toils through wind and rain,
    A _bleezin’_ ingle and a clean hearth-stane.”
                                         _Ramsay._ The Gentle Shepherd.

Blether, S and C, noisy silly talk, loquacity.

    “A lawyer neist, wi’ _bletherin’_ gab,
    Wha speeches wove like onie wab.”
                                               Old Song—Jenny’s Bawbee.
    “Chaps like these, like butterflees,
    Win owte wi’ pride an’ _blether_.”
                                              _Anderson._ Laird Johnie.

Blink, S, glance.

    “The evening sun was ne’er sae sweet
    As was the _blink_ o’ Phemie’s e’e.”
                                               _Burns._ Blythe was she.

Blurt, C; Blirt, S, sudden burst of weeping, etc.

      “The lassie lost her silken snood,
    Whilk cost her monie a _blirt_ an’ bleer e’e.”
                 Song.

Blythe, S, cheerful, happy.

 “A _blythe_ heart mak’s a blooming look.”—Proverb.

Bood, S, behoved to.

    “Weel leese me o’ you, Souter Jock,
      For tricks ye _bood_ be tryin’.”
                                              _Ferguson._ The Election.

Boune, Old S, to journey or go.

    “Win up! win up, now, Hynde Etin,
      Win up, an’ _boune_ wi’ me.”
                                                     Ballad—Hynde Etin.

Bowk, S and C, to retch.

    “For aye ye sup the brose at e’en
      Ye _bowk_ at in the morn, lassie.”
                Song—Ye ha’e lain wrang, lassie.

Brae, S, bank of a stream, brow.

    “’Neath the brae the burnie jooks.”
                                            _Tannahill._ Gloomy Winter.

Brackin’, C; Breckan, S, the common fern (_Pteris Aquilina_).

 A lady near Hawkshead having bought a small fern plant at a flower
 show, a neighbour exclaimed, “Three and sixpence for a lile _brackin_!
 I’d ha’ browte her a leeàd o’ them for’t!”

    “Round the sylvan fairy nooks
      Feathery _breckans_ fringe the rocks.”
                                            _Tannahill._ Gloomy Winter.

Brant, C, steep.

    “Old Man! Old Man! your sides are _brant_.”
                  The Old Man.

Brat, S and C, apron; (used frequently for clothing in general.)

    “To get them _brats_, then, ye maun toil an’ spin.”
                                         _Ramsay._ The Gentle Shepherd.
    “To see her whol’d stockings, her _brat_, an’ her gown.”
                                                 _Anderson._ Our Sukey.

Braw, S, fine, handsomely attired.

    “Upon the banks o’ flowing Clyde
      The lasses busk them _braw_.”
                                              _Burns._ Of a’ the Airts.

Break, C, a joke, a bit of fun.

 “Joe Tyson teem’t a pint o’ yall doon Danny Towson’ back. Wasn’t that
 a _break_?”—Heard at Dean.

Buirdly, S, stout, strongly made.

    “They say ill ale has been the deid
      O’ monie a _buirdly_ loon.”
                                               _Ferguson._ Leith Races.

Burn, S, a brook.

    “Beside that brig, out owre that _burn_,
    Where water bickereth bright and sheen.”
                                              Ballad—Thomas the Rhymer.

Burnewin, S, a blacksmith (burn the wind).

    “An’ _burnewin_ comes on like death
                      At every chaup.”
                                                 _Burns._ Scotch Drink.

But, S, the outer apartment of a house.

    “The auld wife cried _but_ the house, ‘Jenny, come ben!’”
                                         Song—The Yellow Hair’d Laddie.

But, S, without (probably from _be out_).

 “Beauty _but_ bounty’s but bauch.”—Proverb.

But and, Old S, also, likewise.

    “Adieu madame, my mother dear,
      _But and_ my sisters three.”
                                      Ballad—Lord Maxwell’s Good Night.

Byspel, C, a mischievous person.

 “It’s a fair _byspel_ ’at is’t. It breaks o’ ’at cūms iv it geàt.”


C.

Cabbish-skrunt, C; Kail-runt, S, the stalk of a cabbage.

 “_Cabbish-skrunt_ pultess is grand for biles.”
                                               Said by a rustic Doctor.

Canny, C, (Connie in Furness, etc.) nice, attractive, pleasant.

    “God speed ye weel! a _cannier_ pair
      Ne’er kneel’d afore a priest.”
                                        _Miss Blamire._ The Sailor Lad.

Canny, S, gentle, careful.

 “Be _cannie_ wi’ the cream.“—A common legend on tea-ware.

Canty, S, happy, cheerful.

    ”_Canty_ war we ower yere kail,
    Toddy jugs an’ draps o’ ale.”
                                        _Hogg._ The Laird o’ Lamington.

Carle, S, a vulgar man.

    “Auld gudeman ye’re a drucken _carle_, a drucken _carle_.”
                                                _Sir A. Boswell._ Song.

Carlin, S, a coarse old woman; feminine of Carle.

 On being told that the wives of the Scottish Judges claimed the title
 of “My Lady,” their husbands being “My Lord,” King James exclaimed: “I
 made the carles lords, but wha the deil made the _carlins_ leddies?”

Chafts, S and C, the jaws.

    “On Seaton crafts they buff’t their _chafts_,
      An’ garrt them rin like daft, man.”
                                               _Skirvin._ Tranent Muir.
    “At time when nowte but teeth was gawn,
      An’ aw by th’ _chafts_ was tether’t.”
                                           _Mark Lonsdale._ The Upshot.

Chap, S, rap, strike or stroke.

    “An’ quhan he cam’ to Barnard’s Ha’
      Would neither _chap_ nor ca’.”
                                                      Ballad—Gilmorice.

Chiel’, S, a man; generally applied to young men.

    “Weel we lo’e the _chiel’_ we think
    Can get us tick or gi’e us drink.”
                                            _Ferguson._ My Aul’ Breeks.

Clash, C and S, scandal, gossip.

    “The king, the laws, the reets o’ man,
    The parish _clash_, the empire’s ban.”
                                           _Stagg._ New Year’s Epistle.

Clatter, S and C, superfluous, rapid or noisy talk.

 “He that talks till himsel’ _clatters_ till a feul.”—Proverb.

Clink, C, a sounding blow.

    “An’ brong Fisher Jemmy a _clink_ i’ the lug.”
                                              _Anderson._ Burgh Reaces.

Clippin’, C, sheep-shearing. A great festival on the larger dale farms.
For a description see “The Old Man,” first edition.

Clemm’d, C, starved with hunger. A Lancashire and Cheshire word.

 Nixon, the Cheshire prophet, said he was “going to London to be
 _clemm’d_,” and was accidentally shut up in a closet without food, and
 there found dead—so fulfilling his prophecy.

Clot-heed, C, blockhead.

 “I is gà’n to be a _clot-heed_—I’s leavin’ nin for mysel’!”
                    Anthony Gasgarth, carving a goose at a hunt dinner.

Clowk, C, clutch or grasp greedily.

 “He meàd a _clowk_ at my neckcloth and missed it.”
                                                    Said after a fight.

Cobbles, C, stones rounded by water-wear.

    “Smith Lytle fell oot wi’ the _cobbles_,
    An’ peel’d o’ the bark off his shins.
                                       _Anderson._ The Codbeck Wedding.

Coddle, C, Cuddle, S, embrace.

    “I trimlin’ steud an’ dursn’t speak,
      But fain wad _coddled_ Peggy Penn.”
                                                _Anderson._ Peggy Penn.
    “I’ve seen the day ye butter’t my brose,
      An’ _cuddlet_ me late an’ early.”
                           Old Song—The Deuk’s dang owre wi’ my Daidie.

Corbie, S, the carrion crow.

 “It’s kittle shootin’ at _corbies_ or clergy.”—Proverb.

Crack, S and C, converse; also boast.

    “They _crack’t_ away like bourtree guns.”
                                           _Mark Lonsdale._ The Upshot.

 “Keep out o’ his company that _cracks_ o’ his cheatrie.”
                                                               Proverb.

Croodle, or Cruddle, S and C, crouch or shrink.

    “My bonnie wee _croodlin’_ doo.”
                                                              Old Song.

 “We sat doon an’ grat under a hedge or a wo’, o’ _cruddlea_
 togidder.”—_Betty Yewdale._ T’ terrible Knitters i’ Dent.

Crouse, S, brisk, bold, “bumptious.”

 “A cock’s aye _crouse_ on its ain midden-heed.”—Proverb.

Cushion dance, C, the finishing dance at a rural ball or merry-night.

 A young man, carrying a cushion, paces round the room in time to the
 appropriate tune, selects a girl, lays the cushion at her feet, and
 both kneel upon it and kiss, the fiddler making an extraordinary
 squeal during the operation. The girl then takes the cushion to
 another young man, who kisses her as before, and eaves her free to
 “link” with the first, and march round the room. This is repeated till
 the whole party is brought in, when they all form a circle, and “kiss
 out” in the same manner, sometimes varying it by the kissers sitting
 on two chairs, back to back, in the middle of the ring, and kissing
 over their shoulders—a trying process to bashful youth of either sex.

Cuttie, S, any thing short—as a spoon, pipe, etc.

 “Better sup wi’ a cuttie nor want a speun.”
                                                               Proverb.

    “Aul’ Simon sat luntin’ his _cuttie_,
      An’ lowsin’ his buttons for bed.”
                                       _Andrew Scott._ Simon and Janet.


D.

Dadder, C, (Dodder in Furness, etc.) tremble, shiver.

 I once heard a Cumberland youth, at a supper table, say, indicating a
 “shape” of jelly, “I’ll tak sūm o’ that _dadderin’_ stuff.”

Dadge, C, to plod along heavily.

    “Then _dadged_ we to the bog owre meedows dree,
    To plet a sword and seevy cap for thee.”
                                             _Relph._ Cursty and Peggy.

Daft, S and C, foolish, silly.

    “Glower’t at me as he’d been _daft_.”
                                     Song—The carle cam ower the craft.

 “Ses I, ‘A was niver larnt sec _daftness_.’”
                                     _Rev. T. Clarke._ Johnny Shippard.

Daized, C, stupified, benumbed.

 “Theer war we stannin’, dodderin’ an’ _daiz’t_ wi’ cauld, as neer
 deead as macks nea matter.”
                         _Betty Yewdale._ T’ terrible Knitters i’ Dent.

Dark, C, to lurk, keep unseen.

    “On her leànly bed she toss’d her,
      _Darkin’_ till the tempest ceas’d.”
                                                   _Stagg._ The Return.

Darrak, C, day’s-work.

    “An’ as for a _darrak_ in barn or in meedow,
      Whee match’d me when just i’ my prime.”
                                             _Anderson._ Twee auld Men.

Dicht, S, wipe, or cleanse.

    “An’ aye she _dichtit_ her father’s bluidy wounds,
      When the blude ran reid as wine.”
                                            Ballad—The Douglas Tragedy.

Doff, C, (do off, Old English) undress, strip.

    “The bridesmaids o’ wi’ fusslin care
      The bride, hauf-yieldin’, _doff’t_.”
                                                _Stagg._ The Bridewain.

Don, C, (do on, old English) to dress.

    “And up he rose, and he _donn’d_ on his clothes,
      And he d’upp’d the chamber door.”
                                                                Hamlet.
    “He’s nicer in his war-day duds
      Nor udders _don’t_ i’ aw their best.”
                                              _Anderson._ Geordie Gill.

Donk, C, damp.

 “It _donks_ an’ dazzles an’ does, but niver cūms iv any girt pell.”
                                   A Boatman, on the Ullswater weather.

Dool, S, sadness.

    “Lang may I weep in _dool_ an’ sorrow.”
                                       _Hamilton._ The Braes o’ Yarrow.

Douce, S and C, respectable, well-behaved.

    “An’ now I’m grown sae cursed _douce_,
    I pray and ponder but the house.”
                                                               _Burns._

 “The _douce_ dapper lanleady criet ‘Eat, an’ be welcome.’”
                                   _Anderson._ The Bleckell Murry-Neet.

Doucht, S, could; Dowe in the past tense.

    “They held the nose an’ crook’t the mou’,
      An’ _doucht_ na bide the smell.”
                                             _Hogg._ The Witch o’ Fife.

Dour, S, hard, stern.

    “I’ll set her up on yon crab-tree,
    It’s sour an’ _dour_, an’ so is she.”
                                                             Old Rhyme.

Dow, S, can, is able.

 “Gin we canna do as we wad, we maun do as we _dowe_.”
                                                               Proverb.

Dowly, C, melancholy, dismal.

 “When we turn’t round Windermere Watter heead, t’ waves blash’t seea
 _dowly_ ’at we war fairly heart-brossen.”
                         _Betty Yewdale._ T’ terrible Knitters i’ Dent.

Dree, S, suffer; C, slow, lingering, also to move slowly.

 “_Dree_ out the inch when ye’ve tholed the span.”—Proverb.

    “Six _dree_ year hed Susan languish’d
      Sen her Walter went away.”
                                                   _Stagg._ The Return.

Drook, S, drench.

    “An’ aye she took the tither sook
      To _drook_ the stoury tow.”
                                            Song—The weary pun’ o’ tow.

Drouthy, S, thirsty.

    “The well o’ life is dribbling dry,
    An’ _drouthy, drouthy’s_ kimmer an’ I.”
                                                  Song—My Kimmer and I.


E.

Eerie, S, fearful, or calculated to cause superstitious fear or awe.

    “Gloomy, gloomy was the nicht,
      An’ _eerie_ was the way.”
                                              Old Ballad—Young Tamlane.

Egg, or Egg on, C, incite, urge.

 “He was a rare _egg_-battle.”—_Dickinson._ Lamplugh Club.

Eldritch, S, unearthly.

    “Quhan words he found, their _eldritch_ sound
      Was like the norlan’ blast.”
                                      _Dr. Jamieson._ The Water Kelpie.


F.

Fash, S and C, trouble, annoy, bother (noun and verb).

 “Ye’re sair _fashed_ haudin’ naething together.”—Proverb.

    “Oald clish ma clash, thou’s nowt but _fash_—
      Ga heam to bed, ’Od dye thee!”
                                           _Mark Lonsdale._ The Upshot.

Feal, S, comfortable.

    “Frae tap to tae that cleeds me weel,
      An’ haps me _feal_ an’ warm at e’en.”
                                            _Burns._ My Spinning Wheel.

Feck, S, a considerable quantity or number, most part.

    “Wae sucks for him that has nae _feck_ o’ ’t.”
                                         _Ferguson._ Gude Braid Claith.

Feckless, S and C, feeble, useless.

 “_Feckless_ fowk are aye fain.”—Proverb.

 “A thowte A sud no’but meeak a varra _feckless_ fend, if A was witch’d
 seck a parlish lang way fray heeam.”
                                     _Rev. T. Clarke._ Johnny Shippard.

Fells, C, hills.

 “If there were nea _fells_ there wad be nea deals.”—Proverb.

Few, C. This word is hardly translatable, but means to set about a task
in a manner likely to accomplish it.

    “I’ t’ chimla neùk some gay gud han’s,
      An’ gaily ill to slocken,
    Set tea wi’ porringers an’ pans,
      An’ _few’t_ weel to get drucken.”
                                           _Mark Lonsdale._ The Upshot.

Fewsome, C, capable-looking, workman-like.

              “She warm’d him up some keàl,
    An’ Ralph dud mak a varra _fewsome_ meàl.”
                                            _Graham._ Gwordie and Will.

Flaitch, C, Fleech, S, coax. Sometimes used as a noun, thus—

 “He’s a fair _flaitch_ when he wants owte.”—Said of me.

    “She _fleech’t_ him fairly to his bed
      By ca’in’ him her burdie.”
                                            Christ’s Kirk on the Green.

Flaucht, S, flash.

    “Ae fire-_flaucht_ darted through the rain,
      Where a’ was dark afore.”
                            _Kirkpatrick Sharp._ Murder of Carlaverock.

Flay, C, Fley, S, to frighten.

 “_Fleying_ a bird’s no the gate to grip it.”—Proverb.

 This word has its substantive form in _flayan_—

 A blue-devilled fellow at Coniston said he could not stay in his house
 because there was _flayan_ in it. “Ey,” said his mother, “If there
 isn’t there will be—there ’ill be empty cupboards, ther needn’t be wār
 _flayan_ nor that!”

Fletherin, S, Flattering.

 “_Fletherin_ fowk’s maistly fause fowk.“—Proverb.

Flipe, C, a hat rim.

 A retired sea-captain at Whitehaven used to be called ”_Flipy_
 Fisher,” on account of his broad brim.

Flyte, S and C, scold.

    “An’ gin she tak’ the thing amiss,
      E’en let her _flyte_ her fill, Jo.”
                                                     Song—Steer her up.

Font, C, fond, foolishly attached, “spooney.”

    “Whey, Gworge, thou’s owder feul or _font_,
      To think o’ sec a frow.”
                                               _Anderson._ Betty Brown.

Foorsett, C, to get in front of and face, to intercept.

 A ghost used to haunt the “Crossgates” in Lamplugh, of which it was
 said, “Whativer way folk turns it _foorsetts_ them.”

Footh and Foothy, S and C, abundance, well provided, plentifully
stocked.

    “He’s brought _footh_ o’ foreign trash,
      An’ dibbled it in our yairdie.”
                                       Song—The wee wee German Lairdie.

 “It’s a _foothy_ hoose is Betty Turnbull’s.”
                                Said by old Cuddy Wilson at Workington.

Foregather, S, meet.

    “To bear the milk-bowie nae pain was to me,
    When I at the buchtin’ _foregathered_ wi’ thee.”
                                         _Ramsay._ The Gentle Shepherd.

Forfouchten, S, over fatigued, exhausted.

    “I’m but like a _forfouchten_ hound
      Has been fechtin’ in a dirty syke.”
                                                  Ballad.—Hobbie Noble.

Fratch, C, quarrel.

 “He’s just a _fratchin_’, feightin’ feul.”
                                              _Anderson._ Dick Watters.

Fusionless, S, pithless, insipid.

 “God! the aul’ doited body’s as _fusionless_ as a docken!”
                                    _Michael Scott._ Tom Cringle’s Log.


G.

Ga, C; Gang, S and C, go.

    “I’ll _gang_ nae mair to yon toon.”
                                                         _Burns._ Song.

Gangrel, S, vagrant.

              “A merry core
    O’ randy _gangrel_ bodies.”
                                            _Burns._ The Jolly Beggars.

Gar, S, make, compel.

    “The first Scots kirk that they cam’ to
      They _garr’t_ the bells be rung;
    The next Scots kirk that they cam’ to
      They _garr’t_ the mass be sung.”
                                              Ballad—The Gay Goss-hawk.

Gay, C; Gey, S, (adverb form, Gaily) tolerable, considerable.

 “Here’s a _gay_ canny mwornin’.”—A common salutation.

 “No verra, but _gey_.”—By-saying.

 “Hoo irr ye preuvin?” “_Gaily, gaily_, gangin’ aboot!”
                                         A common salutation and reply.

Geàl, C, split, rend, ache severely as from cold.

 “I’ve an oald teuth, when t’ coald gits tull’t, it maks o’ _geàl_
 ageàn.”—Said to a Doctor.

Gear, S and C, wealth, substance.

    “A gleib o’ lan’—a claut o’ _gear_
      Was left me by my auntie, Tam.”
                                          _Burns._ Ane an’ twenty, Tam.
    “Bruff-side lairds bang’t aw the rest
      For braggin’ o’ their _gear_.”
                                       _Anderson._ Bleckell Murry-Neet.

Ged, S, the pike.

    “Now safe the stately saumon sail,
    An’ trouts bedropp’d wi’ crimson hail,
    An’ eels weel kenn’d for souple tail,
          An’ _geds_ for greed.”
                                                   _Burns._ Tam Samson.

Gezlin, C and S, goslin, young goose.

    “Peat’ lass, wid her yallow muffs,
      Steud kaakin like a _gezlin_.”
                                           _Mark Lonsdale._ The Upshot.

 “If I canna keep geese I’ll keep _gezlins_.”—Proverb.

Ghem, ga way tull’t, C, game, go to it; a hunting phrase; used
proverbially to signify any attractive fun or quarreling.

 “There was a fine see howe—an’ _ghem ga way tull’t_.”

Gin, S, if.

    “_Gin_ a body meet a body.”
                                           Song—Coming through the Rye.

Gledge, S, look slyly.

 “Mr. Forret, alias _Gledgin_ Gibbie, had borne the brunt of incensed
 kirk-sessions before that time.”
                                                 _Hogg._ Tibbie Hyslop.

Glent, S and C, gleam.

    “Where flowers an’ gowans wont to _glent_
    I’ bonnie blinks beside the bent.”
                                               _Ferguson._ Auld Reekie.

Gliff, C and S, glimpse.

    “Here, here it was (a wae leet on the pleace)
    ’At furst I gat a _gliff_ o’ Betty’s feace.”
                                                      _Relph._ Harvest.

Glime, C, look sideways.

    “’Twad mak a deid man laugh to see
    Them _glime_ at yen anudder.”
                                          _Anderson._ The Village Gang.

Gloamin’, S, twilight.

    “The _gloamin_’ grey out owre the welkin keeks.”
                                        _Ferguson._ The Farmer’s Ingle.

Gloom, S, frown.

    “Still away his heid was shyin’,
    _Gloomin’_ like a boxing bull.”
                                    _John Johnston._ Dear Meal Johnnie.

Glower, S and C, stare.

 “He _glower’t_ at the mune till he fell i’ the midden.”—Proverb.

 “What’s t’e _glowerin_’ at? Does t’e see any cat’ horns?”
                                                                 Sauce.

Glump, C, sulk.

    “Neist time we met he _glumpt_ and glower’t
      An’ leukt anudder way.”
                                     _Anderson._ The lass abeun thirty.

God Speed, C, a small wooden partition or screen placed within the
house door, when it opens directly upon the sitting room. It has
probably been called so from departing guests being wished “God Speed”
beside it. I first heard the word at Harrington, from a humourist who
asked a group of neighbours if they’d seen Tommy Wilson, who lived next
door to him, adding, “If ye sud see him, tell him ’at his barns an’
mine hev been feightin’ till they’ve knock’d t’ _God-speed_ doon.” The
fun of this lay in the well known fact that both were childless.

Gorb, C, an unfledged bird.

 “Geàp, _gorbie_, an’ thou’ll git a wūrm.”—Proverb.

Gowk, S and C, cuckoo, fool.

 “Ye breed o’ the _gowk_, ye’ve nae rhyme but ane.”—Proverb.

    “’Bout kings and councils _gowks_ may fratch.”
                                           _Anderson._ Gud strang yell.

Gowl, C, to weep vociferously, to howl.

    “It greànt, an’ it _gowl’t_, an’ it freetent fwoke sair.”
                                      _Dickinson._ Scallow-Beck Boggle.

Gradely, C, a Lancashire and Cheshire word, often used in Cumberland,
signifying proper or correct. I have overheard myself, in contravention
of the proverb, spoken of as “a varra _gradely_ man” in the lake
district.

Grank, C, to covet querulously.

    “Hout man! what signifies repinin’,
    Or _grankin’_, snifterin’, twistin’, twinin’.”
                                           _Stagg._ New Year’s Epistle.

Greet, S and C, weep.

 “It’s nae mair to see a woman _greet_ than to see a goose gang
 barefit.”—Proverb.

 “When we’d hed our belly full o’ _greetin_’ we gat up, an’ feel’t
 better for’t.”
                         _Betty Yewdale._ T’ terrible Knitters i’ Dent.

Greg, C, tantalize.

    “It does _greg_ yan to hear a hunt yan cannot see.”
                      Said by a veteran hunter whose sight was failing.

Gruesome, S, making the flesh creep with disgust or horror.

    “An’ though she wore a human face,
    It was a _gruesome_ sight to see.”
                                        _Hogg._ The Spirit of the Glen.

Gud his-sel’, C, felicitate, or gratify himself.

 “Gi’e me anudder kiss.” “Nay, thou mun _gud thysel’_ wid what thou’s
gitten!—thou’s git nea mair to-neet.”
                                            An over-heard conversation.

Guff, S and C, a silly fellow.

    “When sec-like guffs leame decent fwoke,
      It’s time some laws sud alter.”
                                          _Anderson._ The Village Gang.

Gumption, C, tact, cleverness.

    “Hed I thy _gumption_ or thy gift o’ gob.”
                                            _Graham._ Geordie and Will.

Gyversome, C, voracious, ravenous.

 “T’ mair ye give till greedy fwoke t’ mair _gyversome_ they
 growe.”—Proverb.


H.

Hag, C, to cut with an axe.

 “He was seun back, wid his axe ower his shooder, an’ begon to _hag_
 his way through t’ deurr.”
                                            _Dickinson._ Lamplugh Club.

Hag-worm, C, the viper.

 “Theear was beears, an’ lions, an’ tigers ... an’ girt yedtheran
 _hag-werms_, fower or five yerds lang.”
                                     _Rev. T. Clarke._ Johnny Shippard.

Hake, C, a riotous festivity, tumult.

    “They drank the yell up ivery drop,
      Wid nowder _hake_ nor quarrel.”
                                           _Mark Lonsdale._ The Upshot.

Ham-sam, C, mingled promiscuously.

    “Five or six gat on to t’ bed,
      An’ sat _ham-sam_ togidder.”
                                           _Mark Lonsdale._ The Upshot.

Hank, S and C, skein of thread or yarn; also a loop.

    “O though thy hair were _hanks_ o’ gowd,
      An’ thy lips were droppin’ hinnie.”
                                              Song—The Waukrife Minnie.
    “And when the worsted hanks she wound,
      Her skill was further proved.”
                                               _S. Bamford._ My Wynder.

Hantle, S and C, a considerable number or quantity.

 Part of the Rev. Walter Dunlop’s congregation at Dumfries having
 joined the Baptists, he alluded to the circumstance in the pulpit,
 thus—“I thocht till ha’e gethered ye under my wings, as a hen
 gethereth her chickens, but a _hantle_ o’ ye ha’e turn’t oot to be
 deuks, an’ ta’en to the water.”

    “I’ve been a sad deevil, an’ spent gowd i’ gowpens,
      But still I’ve a _hantle_ left yet.”
                                             _Anderson._ Twee Auld Men.

Hap, S and C, cover.

                  “Ance as gude
    As ever _happit_ flesh an’ blude.”
                                            _Ferguson._ My Aul’ Breeks.

Haver, (pron. Havver) C, oats, oaten.

    “Our Ellik likes fat bacon weel,
      A _haver_ bannock pleases Dick.”
                                           _Anderson._ Gud strang Yell.

Hay-bay, C, uproar.

    “Wi’ whiskey they weetit their wizzens,
      An’ seun a sad _hay-bay_ began.”
                                          _Anderson._ The Clay Daubin’.

Heartsome, S and C, cheerful, pleasant.

    “Let’s creep ower the _heartsome_ turf ingle,
      An’ laugh the wild winter away.”
                                    _Anderson._ The days that are gane.

Heeze, S, hoist, elevate.

    “Thae bonnie bairn time Heaven has sent
      Still higher may it _heeze_ ye.”
                                                      _Burns._ A Dream.

Heids an’ thraws, S, lying in irregular positions in bed or elsewhere.

 “Lie _heids an’ thraws_ like Jock an’ his mither.”—Proverb.

Herdwick, C, probably formed like bailiwick, etc., and first applied to
the portion of hill-pasture assigned to the herds of each dale farm;
now used to distinguish the hardy, active breed of sheep grazed upon
the _herdwicks_.

 “He breaks bands like a _herdwick_ tip” is a proverbial saying I have
 heard applied to a rustic scape-grace.

Herk, S, whisper.

 “When a Scotchman wants you to listen he says ‘speak,’ and when he
 wants yon to whisper he says ‘_herk_.’”—_Anon._

Hirple, S and C, limp, walk lamely.

    “The hares were _hirplin_ doon the furs.”
                                                _Burns._ The Holy Fair.
    “Jack Mar, the _hirplin_ pipers son,
      Can bang them o’ at leein’.”
                                          _Anderson._ The Village Gang.

Hoaf-thick, C, half-wit, thick-head.

    “Than Watty Ferguson, provwok’t
      To hear this _hoaf-thick_ rattle.”
                                                _Stagg._ The Bridewain.

Hoddingly, C, persistently.

 “Does your pain come and go?” “It nayder cūms ner ga’s; it’s theear
 _hoddingly_.”—Said to a Doctor.

Hooal’t, or Whoal’t, C, holed, “bagged,” applied to anything being
secured, thus—

 At a school treat in High Furness I was “scrambling” comfits, and
 having filled a paper packet with gravel, and thrown it up, it was
 caught by a great hulking fellow, who thrust it into his pocket,
 exclaiming, “I’ve _hooal’t_ that an’.” His face, when his attention
 was directed to the contents of his prize, was a sight.

Hosteler, Old S, keeper of an inn or hostel.

    “Syne pay him on a gantree,
      As _hosteler_ wives should do.”
                                                  Old Song—The Maltman.

Hork, S, to burrow.

    “The mouse is a wee merrie beastie;
      The mowdie _horks_ wantin’ the een.”
                                             Old Song—Brose and Butter.

Hound-trail, or Dog trail, C, a drag hunt.

 “Whist’s as much afooar lant (loo) as a fox-hunt’s afooar a
 _dog-trail_.”—Heard at a Merry-Night.

How, S and C, hollow, empty.

    “A house looks _how_ without a wife.”
                                       _Anderson._ Tib and her Maister.

Howk, S and C, excavate.

    “She has _howkit_ a hole baith deep and wide,
    She has putten them in baith side by side.”
                                           Old Ballad—The Cruel Mother.

How-strowe, C, in confusion.

    “Thy plew gear’s liggin’ _how-strowe_,
    An’ somebody’s stown thee thy cou’ter.”
                                              _Mark Lonsdale._ Johnnie.

Hugger-mugger, C, huddled up, out of order or system.

    “Thus in _hugger-mugger_ make a marriage.”
                                                          _Shakspeare._

 Most philologists hold that this word signifies private or
 surreptitious; but in Cumberland, where it is still in common use, the
 sense is as above.

Huller’t, C, coagulated or clotted—applied to blood.

 I have heard of an up and down fight in a public-house, where “T’
 _huller’t_ bleud laid an inch thick on t’ flooer.”


I.

Ilka, or Ilk, S, each.

    “_Ilka_ blade o’ grass keps its ain drop o’ dew.”
                                  Proverb, and Song by _J. Ballantyne_.

Intak, C, a piece of land taken in from the common.

 “T’ _intak’s_ t’ best o’ t’ grund,”—Said by a Dale-farmer.

Iverly, C, everly, continuously.

 “How often do you take your ale?” “Yall? I’ tak it _iverly_!“
 ”_Iverly?_” “Ey, ebben endways away!”
                                   Part of a professional conversation.

J.

Jannic, C, a Lancashire word, signifying fair or honest.

 “Thoo hes ower mickle jaw to be _jannic_.”
                                          Said to a voluble Auctioneer.

Jink, S, to escape suddenly, a rapid evasion.

    “Our billie’s gi’en us a’ the _jink_,
                      An’ owre the sea.”
                                                               _Burns._

Job-jurnal, C, a toy on the principle of a humming top, but made with a
shouldered stick passed through a perforated nut-shell and an apple, or
failing that, a potato stuck upon the lower end, to be spun by pulling
a string wrapped upon the shaft within the shell. In Furness this name
is applied to the pig-nut, which in central Cumberland is called a
_yowie-yorlin_, and in Dumfriesshire a _hornick_.

Joggle, C, to shake sharply, or violently.

 “He dreàv us ower rwoads ’at varra nār _joggled_ us to bits.”
                                     Said by an old lady at Loweswater.

Jook, S, to shrink, or dip the head to elude observation or missile.

 “It’s past _jooking_ when the heid’s off.”—Proverb.


K.

Kail, S; Keàl, C, broth—so called from a frequent ingredient.

 “He gat his _kail_ in a riven dish.”—Proverb.

    “Swoaps o’ drink an’ gud lythe _keàle_
                    Cheer up each day.”
                                       _Stagg._ The New Year’s Epistle.

Kaim’t, C, literally crooked, but used to signify cross, or peevish.

    “Aa boddert my brain thinkan some on them ower,
    An’ than set to wark an’ wreàtt doon three or fower
    O’ t’ _kaymtest_ an’ t’ creuktest, like ‘garrak’ an’ ‘dyke-stower,’
                Sek like as we use in oald Cummerlan’.”
                             _Dickinson._ The words of oald Cummerlan’.

Keàv, C, to dance awkwardly.

    “That barn, says Hyne, i’ Palmer’ toft,
      ’Ill dea reet weel to _keàv_ in.”
                                           _Mark Lonsdale._ The Upshot.

Keek, S and C, to peep.

 “He that _keeks_ through a keyhole may see what will vex him.”—Proverb.

    “She conquers mair nor Bonnypart
      Whene’er she _keeks_ aroun’”.
                                         _Anderson._ The Thursby Witch.

Ken, S and C, know.

 “_Ken_ yersel and yere neighbours ’ill no mis-_ken_ ye.”
                                                               Proverb.

Kirk-garth, C, church-yard.

 “They tak meear pastime e what they see i’ th’ _kirk-garth_ nor what
 they hear i’ th’ kirk.”—_Mrs. Wheeler._ Dialogues.

Kit, C, a small tub or bucket.

    “A riddlin’—a riddlin’, an oald wife striddlin’,
    An’ a _kit_ full o’ cunning things in a coald morning.”
                                                  An ancient conundrum.

Kimmer, S, a familiar designation for woman—something like gossip. The
young women who assist at christenings are called “maiden _kimmers_.”

    “How do ye, kimmer?
      An’ how do ye thrive—
    A how monie bairns ha’e ye?
      _Kimmer!_ I ha’e five.”
                                                       Song—A’ Noddin’.

Knowe, S, knoll, hillock.

    “His gear may buy him glens an’ _knowes_.”
                                                _Burns._ To Daunton me.


L.

Lafter, C, a brood of chickens, etc.; also a setting of eggs.

 “I hevn’t a ne’bour ’ill lend me a _lafter_ of eggs.”
                                               Said by a farmer’s wife.

Laik, C, play.

    “But _laiks_ at wate-not-whats within
      O’ Sunday efterneun.”
                                                 _Relph._ After Horace.

Laikins, C, playthings, toys.

    “Here’s babby-_laikins_—rowth o’ spice,
      On sto’s an’ stands extended.”
                                                  _Stagg._ Rosley Fair.

Lait, C, seek.

    “Lads i’ t’ dark meade rampin’ wark
      Or cloaks an’ clogs were _laitit_.”
                                           _Mark Lonsdale._ The Upshot.

Lal, C, (in the northern and southern parts, Lile) little.

    “I _lal_ thowte fasts sec fearful things to bide.”
                                              _Relph._ St. Agnes’ Fast.

Lap, C, wrap.

    “_Lap’t_ my cranky neckcloth round his heid.”
                                            _Graham._ Gwordie and Will.

Lave, S, the rest, remainder.

    “When a’ the _lave_ gang to their bed,
      I wander dowie up the glen.”
                                                    Song—Heelan’ Harry.

Lawin, S, a public house reckoning.

    “Gude wife, count the _lawin_,
      An’ bring a drappie mair.”
                                                         _Burns._ Song.

Leal, or Leil, S, true, pure, loyal.

    “O gi’e me a token o’ love, sweet May—
      A _leil_ love-token true.”
                                          _A. Cunningham._ The Mermaid.

Leàne, your leàne, his leàne, etc., S and C, lone, solitary.

    “An’ when, sweet lassie, you’re ye’re _leàne_,
      This heart o’ mine wad joy to know.”
                                       _Miss Blamire._ The Toiling Day.

Leàth, C, a barn.

    “Why ne had thou put the capel in the _lathe_.”
                                           _Chaucer._ The Reeve’s Tale.

Ley, C, a scythe.

    “Clogs, splinter new, bass-boddom’d chairs,
      An’ _lea_-stanes for new _lea_ses.”
                                                  _Stagg._ Rosley Fair.

Lichtly, S, to make light of.

 “The lass that _lichtlies_ may lament.”—Proverb.

Lilt, S and C, a lively tune or song; or, as a verb, to sing merrily.

    “Now haste ye turn King David ower,
      An’ _lilt_ wi’ holy clangour.”
                                                               _Burns._

It means also to rise on the toes in walking. Diomed’s walk had a
_lilt_ in it, as described by Ulysses, thus—

        “I ken the manner of his gait,
    He rises on the toe: that spirit of his
    In aspiration lifts him from the earth.”
                                    _Shakspeare._ Troilus and Cressida.

Lippen, S, to trust.

 “Ye’ll deceive nane but them that _lippen_ to ye.”—Proverb.

Lirk, S and C, a wrinkle or fold.

 “Sup sūm poddish, an’ tak’ t’ _lirks_ oot o’ thy skin.”
                                         Said to a rustic convalescent.

Lish, C, active.

    “When I was a _lish_ laughing lass o’ sixteen.”
                                         _Anderson._ Auld Robby Miller.

Loan, S; Lonning, C, lane.

    “The kye stood rowtin’ in the _loan_.”
                                                 _Burns._ The Twa Dogs.
    “The lads an’ the lasses i’ t’ _lonning_
      Wer’ pairin’ like sparrows i’ t’ spring.”
                                            _Anon._ Raffles Merry-Neet.

Lock, C, a number or quantity.

 “A gay _lock_ o’ fwoke hed gedder’t up i’ time to gang tillt’ kurk,
 an’ away they struttit.”
                                            _Dickinson._ Lamplugh Club.

Lofe, C, a chance of anything, an opportunity.

 “Yance I hed t’ _lofe_ an’ I’d luck to say no, an’ I niver hed t’
 _lofe_ ageàn.“—Said by an elderly spinster.

Lonter, C, lounge, or loiter.

 ”_Lonterin’_ fwoke’s ola’s lazy fwoke.”—Proverb.

Loon, S, rogue.

    “I tint my curch an’ baith my shoon;
    Ah! Duncan, ye’re an unco _loon_.”
                                               Duncan Gray—Old Version.

Loot, S, stoop.

    “He _lootit_ doon her lips to kiss,
      O kiss foreboding woe.”
                             _C. K. Sharpe._ The Murder of Carlaverock.

Lowe, S and C, a flame.

    “To touch the glass her hand hes touch’d
      It sets them in a _lowe_.”
                                         _Anderson._ The Thursby Witch.

Lown, or Lownd, S and C, calm, still.

    “Your chamber’s very dark, fair maid,
      The nichte is wondrous _lown_.”
                                                     Ballad—Sir Roland.

Lowp, S and C, leap.

    “_Lowp_ off the steed, says false Sir John,
      Yere bridal bed ye see.”
                                                     Ballad—May Colean.
                  “My heart keeps such a rout,
    It _lowps_ an’ _lowps_ as if it wad _lowp_ out.”
                                     _Ewan Clark._ Costard’s Complaint.

Lowpy-back, C, leap-frog.

 “Ye’ve been laikin at _lowpy-back_ o’ t’ rwoad heàm.”
                                                    Part of a scolding.

Lugs, S and C, ears.

    “I’ll lay my _lugs_ in Pindus’ spring,
      And invocate Apollo.”
                                                              _Ramsay._
    “Kursty, souple gammerstang,
    Ned Wilson brong his _lug_ a whang.”
                                        _Anderson._ The Worton Wedding.

Lum, S, chimney.

 “Sic reek as is therein maun come out at the _lum’s_ top.”
                                                               Proverb.

Laigh, S, low.

    “She lookit hiche to the bodynge hill,
      An’ _laighe_ to the darklynge deane.”
                                          _Telfer._ The Gloamin’ Bucht.


M.

Maddle, or Maffle, C, to talk or act in a silly manner.

    “O, _mafflin_ Gwordie, t’ou’s been feulish lang.”
                                            _Graham._ Gwordie and Will.

Maizelt, or Maiz’t, C, stupified.

 “We war fairly _maizel’t_ wi’ t’ cāld.”
                         _Betty Yewdale._ T’ terrible Knitters i’ Dent.

    “Whyte _maiz’d_ wi’ loungin’ on i’ th’ neuk.”
                                               _Stagg._ Auld Lang Syne.

Maizlin, C, a simpleton.

    “Banton lads grew parfet guffs,
      An’ Thursby lasses _maizlins_.”
                                           _Mark Lonsdale._ The Upshot.

Mak, C, sort, kind.

 “It taks o’ _maks_ to mak ivery mak.”
                                     _Rev. T. Clarke._ Johnny Shippard.

Māp’ment, C, imbecility; compounded of mope and ment, like manage-ment,
etc.

 “He toked for iver sa lang, but he toked a deal o’ _maapment_.”—_Ibid._

Mattie, C, the mark at quoits or pitch and toss. _Skifting his mattie_
is proverbially used for shifting position or changing policy or course.

Maukin, S, the hare.

    “The fuddlin’ bodies nowadays
    Rin _maukin_-mad i’ Bacchus’ praise.”
                                              _Ferguson._ Caller Water.

Maunder, S and C, to think, talk, or act dreamily.

    “Aw wish this wanderin’ wark were o’er,
      This _maunderin_’ to and fro.”
                                     _Edwin Waugh._ Sweetheartin’ Gate.

Meat-heàl, C, very able to eat.

 “He’s beàth _meat-heàl_ an’ drink-heàl. Ther’ can’t be mickle t’
 matter wid him.”—Said of a Hypochondriac.

Mell, C, meddle.

 “Gangin’ frae house to house hearin’ news an’ _mellin_ e ther
 nebbors.”—_Mrs. Wheeler._ Dialogues.

Mell, S, a mallet; the prize that used to be given to the last in a
race. “Winning the _Mell_” in any contest is figuratively equivalent to
taking the wooden spoon at the Cambridge examinations for honours.

Mense, S and C, propriety, creditable behaviour.

 “I’ve seàv’t beàth my meat an’ my _mense_.”
                  Proverb, used when proffered hospitality is declined.

Messan, S and C, a small dog of indefinite breed.

 “We hounds slew the hare, quo’ the bleer’d _messan_.”
                                                               Proverb.

    “A little black _messet_ danced sae like old Jenny.”
                                          _Miss Blamire._ Sec a Durdum.

Mirk, S, dark.

    “It fell about the Martinmas,
      When nichts were lang an’ _mirk_.”
                                   Old Ballad—The Wife of Usher’s Well.

Mischanter, S and C, misadventure.

    “Thou’rt welcome, wean, _mischanter_ fa’ me.”
                                                               _Burns._

Mittens, S and C, gloves.

    “He coft me a rokelay o’ blue,
      An’ a pair o’ _mittens_ o’ green.”
                              _Macneil._ I lo’e ne’er a laddie but ane.
    “Twee yards o’ red ribbon to wear for his seake,
      Forbye ledder _mittens_ he bowte me.”
                                               _Anderson._ First Luive.

Mowdie, S; Mowdie-warp, C, the mole.

  “The _mowdie_ powler’t oot o’ the yirth,
    An’ kyss’t the synger’s feet.”
                                          _Telfer._ The Gloaming Bucht.

 “An’ teeak us intil lile hooals under t’ grūnd, ameeast like
 _mowdie-warps_.”
                                     _Rev. T. Clarke._ Johnny Shippard.

Mūd, C, the past tense of must.

    “He thowte ’at he _mūd_ treat ye.”
                                           _Miss Blamire._ The Meeting.

Mutch, S, a woman’s cap.

    “She aff wi’ her apron, put on a silk goon,
    A _mutch_ wi’ reed ribbons, an’ cam’ awa’ doon.”
                                   _Lady Nairne._ The Laird o’ Cockpen.


N.

Nab, C, a promontory in a lake.

 “It’s o’ _nabs_ an’ neuks is Windermer’ Watter.”
                                                Said by a Coniston Man.

Neb, S and C, nose, beak.

    “Gae tak this bonnie _neb_ o’ mine,
      That picks amang the corn,
    An’ gi’e’t to the Duke o’ Hamilton,
      To be a touting horn.”
                                  Old Song—Robin Redbreast’s Testament.

Neàf, C, the nave of a wheel.

 “T’ fells spreead oot fray a centre like t’ spooaks of a wheel fray t’
 _neàf_.”—A Langdale Statesman.

Neif, or Neive, S and C, the hand, or fist.

    “Sweet knight I kiss thy _neif_.”
                                           _Shakspeare._ King Henry IV.

 “What’s a gowpen o’ glaur? It’s just twa _neive_ fu’s o’
 clarts!”—_Wilson._ Noctes Ambrosianæ.

Nick’t i’ t’ heid, C, non compos mentis.

 “Toakin sike mafflement! Ye mun be _nick’t i’ t’ heead_.”
  A Coniston landlady to a chattering guest.

No’but, C, nothing but, only.

    “He’s but a simplish sooart of a body,
    ’At thinks there’s _no’but_ ya kind o’ shoddy.”
                                        _W. Bowness._ Brough Hill Fair.

Nowte ’at dowe, C, nothing of ability, fit for nothing.

    “In o’ her flegmagaries donn’d,
      What is she?—_nowte ’at dowe_!”
                                               _Anderson._ Betty Brown.


O.

Oomer, C, shade.

 “Howay wi’ the’, an’ lig down i’ t’ _owmer_ o’ t’ trees till I’ve time
 ùt tak’ the’ afooar Mr. Machell.”
                         Said by a farmer at Colton to an idle servant.

Oald-folk’s neet, C, an assembly for feasting, dancing, and
card-playing, held at the rural public houses; once, probably, confined
to married people, but now open to, and attended by, young and old.


P.

Paddock rud, or rid, or ridding, C, frog spawn.

    “Auld Grizzy the witch, as some fwoke say,
      Maks _paddock-rud_ ointment for sair e’en.”
                                            _Anderson._ The Witch Wife.

Pang, C and S, to cram.

    “An’ some there wer could scarcely speak,
      Their thropples wer sae _pang’t_.”
                                                _Stagg._ The Bridewain.
    “It kindles wit, it waukens lair,
    It _pangs_ us fu’ o’ knowledge.”
                                                _Burns._ The Holy Fair.

Parlish, C, remarkable, worth speaking of.

    “An’ _parlish_ pranks ’mang Silloth banks
      They hed as they were comin’.”
                                                _Stagg._ The Bridewain.
    “A bump as big as a young cockerel’s stone,
    A _parlous_ knock.”
                                        _Shakspeare._ Romeo and Juliet.

 Said to be a corruption of _perilous_, which is certainly not its
 meaning in Cumberland.

Pash, C, to dash or thrust down forcibly.

 “Barne! I _pash’t_ them doon.“—Said by Wm. Jackson to a neighbour’s
 daughter after his first victory at the Flan wrestling.

Pauchtie, S, proud, supercilious.

    ”_Pauchtie_ damsels, bred at courts,
    Wha thraw the mou’ an’ tak’ the dorts.”
                                             _Ferguson._ The Gowdspink.

Pawkie, S, sly.

    “A thief sae _pawkie_ is my Jean.”
                                                               _Burns._

Peerie, S, a peg-top. In Cumberland called a Cas’ley.

 “He sleeps as soon’ as onie _peerie_.”—Common saying.

Phraise, S, smooth or fondling talk.

    “He’s ta’en her in his armes twa,
      Wi monie a kiss an’ _phraise_.”
                                                   Ballad—Young Huntin.

Pigs, S, pots, crockery.

 “Where the _pig’s_ brocken there let the sherds lie.”
                                                               Proverb.

Plack, S, the smallest coin of the old Scottish currency.

 “He’ll never mak his _plack_ a bawbee.”—Proverb.

Pleen, C, complain.

    “Thou’s spoil’t for o’ manner o’ wark,
    Thou no’but sits peghan an’ _pleenan_.”
                                   _Mark Lonsdale._ Love in Cumberland.

Plumb, C, (in Furness, etc., pron. Plowmb) perpendicular.

 The old landlady at the boat house on Ennerdale water said of a
 neighbouring doctor who had visited her, and who carries his head well
 back, “He was mair nor _plumb_!”

Poap, C, to walk aimlessly.

 “Sūm _poapan_ aboot as if they’d be hoaf dazed.”
                                   _Rev. T. Clarke._ T’ Reysh Beearin’.

Powe, S, head, poll.

    “There’s little wit within his _powe_
    That lichts a candle at the lowe.”
                                                               Proverb.

Pree, S, to taste.

    “An’ aye he _preed_ the lassie’s mou’
      As he gaed but an’ ben, O.”
                                                              Old Song.

 “I _preed_ her mou’.” The Scotch think this phrase a poetical way of
 saying “I kissed her.” Its literal translation into common English, “I
 tasted her mouth,” doesn’t sound like poetry; while its Cumbrian form,
 “I teàstit her feàce” sounds like anything rather _than_ poetry; and
 their different versions of the same phrase illustrate rather happily
 the difference of character on the two sides of the Border.

Proddle, C, poke, or stir up.

    “_Proddlin’_ up the smudderin’ embers.”
                                                               _Stagg._

Pubble, C, plump.

 “At Michaelmas a _pubble_ goose—at Kersmas, standin’ pie.”
                                                            Old Saying.

Putten down, C, put to death.

    “That nane may ken that ye are clerks,
      Till ye be _putten doon_.”
                                           Ballad—The Clerk’s Twa Sons.

Puzzen, C, poison.

    “The doctor he’s a parfit plague,
      An’ hauf the parish _puzzens_.”
                                          _Anderson._ The Village Gang.


R.

Rackups, C, a game at marbles where the loser has to place his knuckles
on one side of a hole to be “fired” at with the taws of the winners.
“He mun stand his _rackups_” is a proverb implying the necessity of
accepting the consequences of misconduct, defeat, or miscarriage of
plans.

Rakin, C, wandering far or wildly.

 “They ga rakin aboot widoot ayder errand or aim.”
                             Said of pedestrian tourists by a dalesman.

Rantin’, Ranty, S and C, wild, riotous.

    “The _rantin’_ dog the daidie o’ ’t.”
                                                         _Burns._ Song.

Ratch, C, to search vigorously, to ransack.

 “_Ratch_ as ye will, ye’ll mak nowte out.”
                                             Said to hunters in a wood.

Reek, S, smoke.

    “The death o’ deevils, smoor’d in brimstone _reek_.”
                                                _Burns._ The Twa Brigs.

Riggin’, S, the roof (probably from Ridging primarily).

 “Ane may like the kirk weel aneuch without aye riding on the _riggin’_
 o’ ’t.”—Proverb.

Rooers, C, (or rather Furness and Westmorland) oars.

 “Why do you call them _rooers_?” “’Coase they irr _rooers_.” “They
 call them oars elsewhere.” “They may co’ them what they will, but if
 they _roo_ wi’ them, they’re _rooers_.”
                                        Conversation on Esthwaite lake.

Roose, S, praise, exalt.

 ”_Roose_ the ford as ye find it.”—Proverb.

Rowp, S, auction; Rowp-crier, auctioneer.

 “I canna pay’t an’ ye _rowp_ me at the cross.”
                                             Said by a hopeless debtor.

Rowth, S, abundance.

 “Rich fouk ha’e _rowth_ o’ frien’s.”—Proverb.

Rowe, S, roll.

    “Where Cart rins _rowin’_ to the sea.”
                                           _Burns._ The Gallant Weaver.


S.

Sackless, C, silly (originally, innocent).

    “Our parson sweers a bonnie stick
      Amang thur _sackless_ asses.”
                                          _Anderson._ The Village Gang.

Sairy, C, sorry.

    “A _sairy_ wife I trowe she’d mak
      ’At cudn’t muck a byre.”
                                                   _Ibid._ Betty Brown.

Sark, C and S, shirt (male or female).

 “She won’t mend a _sark_, but reads novels, proud brat.”
                                          _Ibid._ Elizabeth’s Burthday.

    “Our women are nowadays a’ grown sae braw,
    Ilk maun ha’e a _sark_, an’ some maun ha’e twa.”
                                            _Ross._ The wee pickle tow.

Sarra, C, serve.

    “The witch wife begg’d i’ our back-side,
      An’ went _unsarra’d_ away i’ the pet.”
                                            _Anderson._ The Witch Wife.

Sauch, S, willow.

    “Whereby the glancing waves o’ Clyde
    Through _sauchs_ an’ hangin’ hazels glide.”
                                                Old Song—Bothwell Bank.

Scraffle, C, scramble.

 “We _scraffelt_ on i’ this fashion, an’ it was quite dark afooar we
 gat till Ammelside yatt.”
                         _Betty Yewdale._ T’ terrible Knitters i’ Dent.

Screes, C, sloping banks of fragmentary stone under precipices.

    “Whoariver there’s _screes_
    There’s mair steàns nor trees.”
                                                            Old Rhymes.

Scrimp, S, pinch, reduce.

    “For lack o’ thee I _scrimp_ my glass.”
                                               _Burns._ On a Bank Note.

Scrowe, S and C, a lot of children, etc., rough or numerous.

 “There’s sic a _scrowe_ o’ Irishmen come ower frae Skinburness.”—Said
 at Annan.

Scunner, S, shuddering disgust—noun and verb.

    “An’ yill an’ whiskey ga’e to cairds,
                  Until they _scunner_.”
                                                 _Burns._ Ep. to Smith.

Sec, C; Sic, S, such.

    “Feegh! _sec_ a yen we’ve hed at Codbeck,
      As niver was under the sun.”
                                       _Anderson._ The Codbeck Wedding.

 “_Sic_ as ye gie, _sic_ will ye get.”—Proverb.

Shap, C, to seem likely, or tend to.

 “They’re _shappin’_ to gang heàm wid empty pockets.”
                     Said of two losing whist players at a Merry Night.

 Shinny, C; Shinty, S, a rough game played with knobbed or round ended
 sticks—called in the south of England, I believe, hocky.

 “_Shinny’s_ weel aneuf if shins wer’ seàf.”—Old saying.

Sinsyne, S, since then.

    “She charm’d my heart an’ aye _sinsyne_,
      I canna think o’ onie ither.”
                                                    Song—O’er the Muir.

Skeich, S, shy, distant.

    “Maggie coost her heid fu’ heich,
    Look’d asklent an’ unco _skeich_.”
                                                  _Burns._ Duncan Gray.

Skirl, S, scream.

    “White and bludy puddings rowth
    To gar the doctor _skirl_ wi’ drowth.”
                                                _Ferguson._ St Andrews.

Skreich, S; Skrike, C, shriek.

 “It’s time aneuch to _skreich_ when ye’re strucken.”
                                                               Proverb.

Skurl, C, slide.

    “_Skurl, skurl_ the’ doon—I’ll kep the’, come thy ways,
    I’ll leuk ahint me—niver mind thy claes.”
                                                         _Ewan Clarke._

Slake, C, a light smear as of grease, etc.

 “Let’s tak’ _slake_ an’ _slake_ aboot till it’s done.”
                                     Said in licking out a treacle pot.

Slape, C, slippery.

 “I mun tell her fadder when I see him—she’s gittin’ varra _slape_,”
 old John Howe of Branthwaite Hall called out when he witnessed, by
 chance, a meeting of sweethearts on a lonely road.

Slare, C, to walk slowly.

 “He may be a sharp worker, but he’s a _slarin’_ walker.”
                     Said by a farmer’s wife of a new come man servant.

Slashy, C, sloppy.

 “It was beginnin’ to thowe, an’ was varra _slashy_ an’ cāld.”
                         _Betty Yewdale._ T’ terrible Knitters i’ Dent.

Slatter, C, slop.

    “Wi’ jaws o’ yell some durty beuts
      Pat loft seun in a _slatter_.”
                                           _Mark Lonsdale._ The Upshot.

Sleekie, or Sleekit, S, sly, smooth.

    “O we were sly, sly!
    O, we were sly an’ _sleekit_.”
                                                                  Song.

Slipe, C, to slip away, to “hook it.”

 “_Slipe_, my lad, while thou’s weel. _Slipe_, I say, an’ let neàbody
 see the’ gang.”—Said to a youth in a row.

Slocken, S and C, to slake thirst.

 “Ha’e ye any clippin’ drink left?” “No!” “Ha’e ye any common yall? No!
 Ha’e ye any smo’ beer? No! Why than, hang it—ha’e ye any pig-stuff? I
 mun be _slocken’t_ wi’ summat!”—John Kendall at Hawkshead Hall the day
 after the sheep-shearing feast.

Smaik, S, a small boy, or other small animal.

 “He’s but a _smaik_, but he’s a man at the books.”
                                                   Said of a schoolboy.

Smittal, C, infectious.

 “As _smittal_ as t’ Smo’-pox.”
           Said of a successful male animal kept for breeding purposes.

Snape, C, snub, also blight.

    “Yet tho’ sec bruolliments galwore
      Oft _snaip’t_ the whyet of our days.”
                                               _Stagg._ Auld Lang Syne.

Sneck, C, latch.

    “The Buckabank chaps are reet famous sweethearters,
      Their kisses just sound like the _sneck_ of a yett.”
                                       _Anderson._ Bleckell Murry-Neet.

 Sneck-posset, C. When a man has the door shut in his face,
 figuratively or literally, he gets a _sneck-posset_.

 “Glooar’d at me a bit, an’ than clyash’t dewar i mi feeace——He g’e ma
 a faer _sneck-posset_.”
                                     _Rev. T. Clarke_, Johnny Shippard.

Snell, S, cold and cutting.

    “There cam’ a wind oot o’ the north,
      A sharp wind and a _snell_.”
                                                  Ballad—Young Tamlane.

Snirrup, or Snirp, C, to curl up the nose, etc.

    “As seun as she fund I depended on labour,
    She _snirp’t_ up her nose an’ nae mair leuk’t at me.”
                                       _Anderson._ The Lasses o’ Carel.

Snirt, or Snurl, C, the sound of imperfectly suppressed laughter.

    “But seckan toke! nin could tell what aboot,
    I stop’t my lugs for fear o’ _snurtin’_ oot.”
                                            _Graham._ Gwordie and Will.

Snod, S and C, smooth, neat.

    “Her cockermonie _snoddit_ up fu’ sleek,
    Her haffet locks hung wavin’ owre her cheek.”
                                         _Ramsay._ The Gentle Shepherd.

 “You’re making this road rough!” “Ey, but we’ll mak it _snod_ afoor
 we’re deun wi’ ’t.”
                               Reply of the road surveyor at Hawkshead.

Snowk, C, to snuffle audibly.

 ”_Snowkin’_ like pigs at a sew.”—Common saying.

Snug (as a verb), C, to nestle.

 “We _snugg’t_ in togidder.”—Ibid.

Sonsie, S, comfortable looking, also lucky.

    “Tall and _sonsie_, frank and free,
    Lo’ed by a’, an’ dear to me.”
                                    _Lady Nairne._ Kind Robin lo’es me.

 “Whistlin’ maids an’ crawin’ hens are no _sonsie_.“—Proverb.

Sorn, S, to live on others, to sponge.

                “_Sornan_ frae place to place,
    As scrimp o’ mainners as o’ sense or grace.”
                                         _Ramsay._ The Gentle Shepherd.

Souch, S, the sound of gentle wind or breath.

    “Hark how the westlin’ win’ _souchs_ through the reeds.”
                                                                _Ibid._

Spang-hew, S and C, to fling to the winds.

 _Spang-hewing_ is a cruel mode practised by school-boys of putting
 birds, frogs, etc., to death. A stick is laid across a block, the
 victim placed on one end and the other struck sharply, throwing the
 poor animal high into the air, killing, and generally, mutilating it.

Spats, S and C, abbrev. of spatterdashes—gaiters.

    “Their stumps, erst used to philabegs,
      Are dight in _spatterdashes_.”
                                               _Ferguson._ Leith Races.

Speel, S, climb.

                              “Monie a time,
    Wi’ you I’ve _speel’d_ the braes o’ rhyme.”
                                            _Ferguson._ My Auld Breeks.

Speir, S, ask, enquire.

 “A feul may _speir_ mair questions than a doctor can answer.”
                                                               Proverb.

Spretty, S, covered with Sprett, a kind of coarse grass.

    “Till _spretty_ knowes wad rair’t an’ risket
                            An’ slypet owre.”
                                         _Burns._ The Auld Mare Maggie.

Sprogue, C, a pleasure ramble.

 “I’ve been to t’ top o’ Knock Murton.” “What took ye there?” “I just
 went for a _sprogue_!”
                                    Part of a conversation in Arlecdon.

Squab, C, a long low seat with a back.

 “Sit on t’ _squab_ till I bring ye summat to sup on.”—Said to me once
 when I reached a farm house exhausted from struggling through a snow
 storm.

Stammer, or Stummer, C, to stumble.

    “Oft wittingly I _stummer’t_, oft I fell.”
                                             _Relph._ Kursty and Peggy.

’Statesman, C, landed proprietor—Estatesman.

 “It is a bonnie job, if gentlemen an’ gentlemen’s servants is to
 ower-ride us _steàts fooak_.”
                Said by an old lady at Coniston after a vestry meeting.

Stayvel, or Stayver, S and C, to walk in a listless manner.

 “Ther was hundreds o’ fwoke _stayvelan_ aboot.”
                                       _Ritson._ The Borrowdale Letter.

Stoore, S and C, dust.

    “This day the kirk kicks up a _stoore_.”
                                               _Burns._ The Ordination.
    “The Bible ligs _stoory_ abeun the door heid.”
                                              _Anderson._ Caleb Crosby.

Stound, S and C, ache or pang.

    “An’ aye the _stound_, the deidly wound.
      Cam frae her e’en sae lovely blue.”
                                       _Burns._ A waefu’ gate yestreen.
    “It _stoundit_ sare, an’ sare it swell’d.”
                                             _Relph._ After Theocritus.

Straddel’t, C, brought to a stand.

 “I think oald P—— was varra nār _straddel’t_ iv his sarmon.”
                  Heard at the door of a Wesleyan chapel after service.

Sumph, S and C, a fool.

    “An’ onie _sumph_ that keeps up spite,
      In conscience I abhor him.”
                                       _Rev. J. Skinner._ Tullochgorum.
    “I sit like a _sumph_, nea mair mysel’.”
                                              _Anderson._ Barbary Bell.

Swap, S and C, exchange.

    “I trowe we _swappit_ for the worse,
    Ga’e the boot an’ better horse.”
                                          Song—Carle an’ the King come.
    “Lal Sim’s geane an’ _swapp’d_ the black cowt.”
                                     _Anderson._ Nichol the Newsmonger.

Swat, C, sit down, squat.

    “Come, Cuddy, _swat_ an’ tak’ a whiff.”
                                                  _Anderson._ The Cram.

Sweir, S, loath, unwilling.

    “Forsooth they cried, anither gill.
    For _sweir_ we’re aye to gang awa’.”
                                                     _Mac Phail._ Song.


T.

Taggelt, C, a scamp.

 “He mud know they wor o’ arrant _taggelts_ an’ taistrels.”
                                     _Rev. T. Clarke._ Johnny Shippard.

Taistrel, C, a good for nothing.

    “Yae son proved a _taistrel_ an’ brak up i’ Lunnon.”
                                         _Anderson._ The Twee Auld Men.

Taws, S, a strap of thick leather slit into several tails; an implement
of punishment in Scottish schools.

 “Never use the _taws_ when a gloom ’ill do the turn.”
                                                               Proverb.

Tawtie, or Tawtit, S, roughly matted (applied to hair or wool).

    “Nae _tautit_ tyke, though ne’er sae duddy.”
                                                 _Burns._ The Twa Dogs.

Teem, C; Toom, S, empty, pour out.

    “About her lank and all o’er-_teemed_ loins.”
                                                                Hamlet.
    “And there _toom_ thy brock skin bag.”
                                             Ballad—The Fray of Suport.

Teul, C and S, a bad one (probably from devil).

    “Let women deu what gud they can,
      Thur wicked _teùls_ ’ill lee.”
                                                     Jwohnny and Jenny.

Tew, C, harass, fatigue.

    “An’ while they skew’t an’ _tew’t_ an’ swet,
      Wi’ monie a weary sidle.”
                                           _Mark Lonsdale._ The Upshot.

Theek, S, thatch.

    “An’ wi’ a lock o’ his yellow hair,
      We’ll _theek_ our nest when it blows bare.”
                                                Ballad—The Twa Corbies.

Thir, S; Thur, C, these.

    “An’ sad an’ silent was the nicht
      That was atween _thir_ twa.”
                                                 Ballad—Clark Saunders.
    “_Thur_ taxes! _thur_ taxes! Lord help us, Amen!”
                                                  _Ewan Clark._ Ballad.

Thole, S, endure.

 “He that has gude crops may _thole_ some thistles.”—Proverb.

Thowless, S and C, soft, inapt.

    “Fortune aye favours the active an’ bauld,
    But ruins the wooer that’s _thowless_ an’ cauld.”
                                                   _Ramsay._ The Widow.

Threep, S and C, to aver, or argue, insistingly.

    “An’ fowk wad _threep_ that she did green
      For what wad gar her skirl
                        An’ skreich some day.”
                                  _Ramsay._ Christ’s Kirk on the Green.
    “Some _threep_ ’at the times ’ill get better.”
                                                _Anderson._ Carel Fair.

Throssle, C, the thrush.

    “The _throssle_, when cauld winter’s geane,
      Aye in our worchet welcomes spring.”
                                     _Anderson._ The Lass abeun Thirty.

Throughly, C, corpulent.

 “_Throughly?_ ey, a gud yard through an’ mair!”
                     Said of Hannah Page, who sold toffy in Whitehaven.

Thyvel, C, a porridge stick.

 “She’ll lick a lean _thyvel_ ’at weds you.”
                             Said to a poor Schoolmaster at Workington.

Tine, S, lose; Tint, lost.

 “_Tine_ thimble, _tine_ thrift.”—Proverb.

    “O have ye _tint_ at tournament
      Your sword or yet your spear?”
                                              Ballad—The Gay Goss Hawk.

Tip, S and C, a ram.

    “She was nae get o’ muirlan’ _tips_,
    Wi’ tawtit ket an’ hairy hips.”
                                                 _Burns._ Puir Maillie.

Tipe, C, to drink off.

 “_Tipe_ it up an’ hev anudder.”—Common fuddling invitation.

Toozle, S and C, to rub up, to ruffle or make untidy.

    “I ance was abused i’ the kirk
      For _toozling_ a lass i’ my daffin.”
                                            _Burns._ The Jolly Beggars.

Top-sark, C, an over-shirt, generally made of coarse woollen cloth.

 “We cannot bed ye o’, but we can lend ye _top-sarks_.”—Said to a
 weather-bound party at Cockley Beck in Seathwaite.

Towp, C, capsize.

    “The leevin surs! she _towp’t_ her ower
      Or yen cud say, ’Od bliss her.”
                                           _Mark Lonsdale._ The Upshot.

Toytle, C and S, totter.

 “Tak care thou doesn’t _toytle_ intil t’ beck.”
                          Said to a top-heavy neighbour at Branthwaite.

Tryste, S, an appointed meeting, also to appoint a meeting.

 “Crack _tryste_, crack credit.”—Proverb.

    “I daurna _tryste_ wi’ you, Willie, I daurna _tryste_ ye here,
    But I’ll meet wi’ you in heaven Willie, i’ the spring-time o’ the
      year.”
                                              _Aytoun._ Annie’s Tryste.

Tyle, C, to distress, as with pain or fatigue.

 “I’s _tyled_ to deeth wid this kurn. I’ve been kurning iver sen
 mwornin’, an’ I seem as far off butter as iver.”
                                                       A farmer’s wife.


U.

Unco, S; Unket, C, strange, remarkable.

 “A hungry care’s an _unco_ care.”—Proverb.

    “What, is there owte _unket_ i’ your country side?”
                                              _Anderson._ Bruff Reaces.

Up-bank, C, upwards.

    “Till watters run _upbank_ an’ trees they grow down-bank,
      We niver can leuk on his marrow agean.”
                                               _Anderson._ Kit Craffet.


W.

Waistrel, C, an unthrift, a useless fellow.

 The late Sergeant Wilkins, in reply to the Court, once defined
 _waistrel_, not very accurately, as “something spoiled in the
 manufacture, and sold at half price in the Lowther Arcade.”

Wale, S, choose, choice.

                            “For sake o’ gear
    Ane _wales_ a wife as he wad buy a mear.”
                                         _Ramsay._ The Gentle Shepherd.
    “The king o’ gude fellows an’ _wale_ o’ auld men.”
                                                  Song—Auld Rob Morris.

Wankle, C, weakly, flaccid.

 “As _wankle_ as a wet seck.”—Common saying.

Wanter, C, one wanting a wife or husband.

    “He leeves aw his leane, but he’s seerly to bleame,
    When a _wanter_ like me’s to be hed sa near heame.”
                                        _Anderson._ Auld Robbie Miller.

Wanwauchtie, S, unable to drink freely (wan, un, and waucht a hearty
draught.)

 “He’s unco _wanwauchtie_ that scunners at whey.”—Proverb.

War-day, C, work-day—so distinguished from the day of rest.

    “She cheerfu’ wrowte her _warday_ wark,
      Than sat down at her wheel.”
                                          _Rayson._ Ann o’ Hethersgill.

Ware, S and C, spend.

    “Jockey and Jenny they went to the fair,
    Jockey gave Jenny a penny to _ware_.”
                                                      Children’s Rhyme.

Wat, S, know.

 “She’s a wise wife that _wats_ her ain weird.”—Proverb.

Waukrife, S, wakeful, or preventing sleep.

 “Fleas and a girnin’ wife are _waukrife_ bedfellows.”
                                                               Proverb.

Weird, S, fate, destiny.

 “After word comes _weird_, fair fa’ they that ca’ me madam.”
                                                               Proverb.

Welch, C, saltless, insipid.

 “What foats may poddish hev? They may be sooar, seùty, sodden, an’
 savvorless, soat, _welsh_, brocken, an’ lumpy!”
                                                         Common Saying.

Whang, C and S, a strip of leather, a piece cut off anything.

 “The mergh o’ his shin bane has run down on his spur leather _whang_.”
                                                    The Fray of Suport.

    “Wi’ sweet milk cheese i’ monie a _whang_.”
                                                _Burns._ The Holy Fair.

Whick, C, alive, quick.

    “Sec fashions I’ll not follow while I’s _whick_,
    Lang as plain grogram and thur locks please Dick.”
                                       _Ewan Clark._ The Faithful Pair.

Whiles, S, sometimes.

    “Wha does the utmost that he can
      May _whiles_ do mair.”
                                         _Burns._ Ep. to Dr. Blacklock.

Whins, C; Whuns, S, furze, gorse.

 “When t’ _whins_ is oot o’ blossom kissing’s oot o’ fashion.”
                                                               Proverb.

Whunstane, S, a kind of hard dark stone.

    “Wha’s ragin’ flame an’ scorchin’ heat
      Wad melt the hardest _whun-stane_.”
                                                _Burns._ The Holy Fair.

Whuddering, S and C, shuddering or tremulous in sound.

    “_Whudder_ awa’ thou bitter, biting blast.”
                                       _Mactaggart._ Mary Lee’s Lament.

Widderful, C, looking withered or unthriven.

 “That barne leuks as _widderful_ as if it was its oan
 gran’-fadder.”—Said of an unhealthy child.

Wimple, S, to curl and wheel as running water.

    “But I’ll big a bower on yon green bank sae bonnie,
      That’s laved by the waters o’ Tay _wimplin’_ clear.”
                                                    Song—Bonnie Dundee.

Win, S, to make way, to get to.

 “Ye maunna think to _win_ through the world on a feather bed.”—Proverb.

Winnock, S, diminutive of window.

    “At yon farmer’s _winnock_, nichtly,
      Still he taks his eerie stan’.”
                                          _John Johnstone._ Bodkin Ben.

Winsome, S, winning, attractive.

    “She is a _winsome_ wee thing,
      That sweet wee wife o’ mine.”
                                                         _Burns._ Song.

Wizzent, C, withered, shrunk.

    “He keeps a lad’s heart in his _wizzent_ āld skin.”
                                      _Stanyan Bigg._ Granfadder Jones.

Won, S, to exist, to dwell.

    “Kissing has _wonn’d_ i’ the world
      Sin ever there were twa.”
                                                              Old Song.

Worchet, C, orchard.

    “Our meadow sud be a girt _worchet_,
      An’ growe nowte at o’ but big plums.”
                                                _Anderson._ King Roger.

Wrowke, C, to disturb roughly, or stir up.

 “I ola’s liked John, but I cared sa lāl for Grace ’at I cūd ha’ teàn
 her an’ _wrowk’t_ t’ fire wid her.”
                                 A Cumberland lady, about her children.

Wudde, S, mad.

    “I’ve ridden a horse baith wild an’ _wudde_.”
                                                 Ballad—Kinmont Willie.

Wummel, C, to enter in a sinuous manner, as an auger bores.

 “He’ll _wummel_ his-sel’ intil t’ creuktest rabbit whoal i’
 Siddick.”—Said of a terrier.


Y.

Ya, Yan, C, one; Ae and Yin in Dumfriesshire.

 _Ya_ is used when the noun indicated is named—_yan_, when it is
 understood; thus—“How many fwoke was theer?” “_Yan!_” “No’but _yan_?”
 “No’but _ya_ man!” _Ae_ and _yin_ are used in the same way. The use of
 the first is illustrated in the conversation without consonants which
 is said to have come off in a shop in Dumfries—Customer, referring
 to some cloth, asks, “A’ ’oo?” Shopman assents, “Ou aye, a’ ’oo!”
 Customer again, “A’ _ae_ ’oo?” Shopman, “Ou aye, a’ _ae_ ’oo!” That
 is, “All wool?” “O yes, all wool!” “All one (or the same) wool?” “O
 yes, all one wool!”

Yabble, C, wealthy (literally, able).

 “A varra _yabble_ man i’ heeh life was wantan ta simma.”
                                     _Rev. T. Clarke._ Johnny Shippard.

Yammer, S and C, to articulate quickly and indistinctly from any
feeling.

    “Fareweel to the bodies that _yammer_ and prowm.”
                                                      Song—Bide ye yet.
    “There’s been a lang _yammer_ in t’ papers last week.”
                                      _Dickinson._ Scallow Beck Boggle.

Yewl, C, to weep.

 “A lāl thing mak’s a barne _yewl_, an’ a lāl thing mak’s it
 laugh.”—Proverb.

Yoad and Yad, S and C, a mare.

    “Frae Tindal-fell twelve pecks she’d bring—
    She was a _yad_ fit for a king.”
                               _Anderson._ My bonnie black meer’s deed.

Yoke, S and C, to engage with, to set to, to put a horse to a vehicle,
etc.

    “At length we had a hearty _yokin_
                      At sang about.”
                                               _Burns._ Ep. to Lapraik.

 “An’ they _yoak’t_ it ageàn an’ laid at it wi’ t’ whup.”

                                    _Dickinson._ The Ore Carter’s Wife.

Yowl, S and C, to howl.

 “A dog winna _yowl_ an’ ye hit him wi’ a bane.”—Proverb.


          GEO: COWARD, PRINTER, 75, SCOTCH STREET, CARLISLE.




                            A LIST OF BOOKS

                             PUBLISHED BY

                       _GEO: COWARD, CARLISLE_.


 THE SONGS AND BALLADS OF CUMBERLAND, to which are added Dialect and
 other Poems; with Biographical Sketches, Notes, and Glossary. Edited
 by Sidney Gilpin. With Portrait of Miss Blamire. Small Crown 8vo.
 Price 7s.

  (_A New Edition in preparation._)

One of the most interesting collections of poetry which have been
lately published is the “Songs and Ballads of Cumberland.” How many
people know anything of Miss Blamire? Yet she was the author of that
most beautiful and pathetic of ballads beginning, “And ye shall walk
in silk attire.” Every one will, therefore, thank the editor for the
conscientious way in which he has issued her pieces, and given us some
account of her life. It was she, too, who wrote that other beautiful
ballad, worthy of Lady Anne Lindsay, “What ails this heart o’ mine?”
which, in our opinion, is poetry full of truth and tenderness. Indeed,
we should be disposed to look upon it as a critical touchstone, and
to say that those who did not like it could not possibly appreciate
true poetry.... We can only advise the reader to buy the book,
and we feel sure that he, like ourselves, will be thankful to the
editor.—_Westminster Review._

We like the Cumberland Songs a good deal better than the Lancashire
ones which we reviewed a fortnight back. There is more go and more
variety in them; the hill-air makes them fresher, and we do not wonder
that Mr. Gilpin feels—now he has got “tem put in prent”—

                     Aw England cannot bang them.

We certainly cannot recollect a better collection.... While the author
of “Joe and the Geologist” lives, we shall rest assured that the
Cumberland dialect will be well represented in verse as well as prose,
though we suppose he cannot love to describe the roaring scenes at
weddings and the like that his predecessors witnessed.... The dialect
is rich in reduplicated words—in good forms—in old English words;
and the volume altogether is one that should find a place on the
shelf of every reader of poetry and student of manners, customs, and
language.—_The Reader._

The truly Cumbrian minstrel towards the close of the last century seems
to have approached the Scotch in his pictures of rural courtship, and
to have been still greater in his descriptions of weddings, as of some
other festivities of a more peculiar character. He had a healthy and
robust standard of feminine beauty, and his most riotous mirth was
more athletic and less purely alcoholic than that which flourished in
Burns’s native soil.—_The Spectator._

These Cumberland lyrics—till now scattered—are on the whole well
worth the pains spent on their collection. In some cases, as in those
of Relph and Miss Blamire, there is evidence of real genius for the
ballad or the eclogue; and with respect to other writers, if the
poetic feeling be less deep, humour and keen observation are displayed
in dealing with the people and customs of a district which, in its
lingering primitiveness and time-honored traditions, is richer in
materials for fancy and character than regions which lie nearer the
metropolis.—_The Athenæum._

It is seldom that a book compiled on the local principle contains
so much good matter as this collection of the “Songs and Ballads of
Cumberland.” In the pathetic vein, Miss Blamire is a host in herself;
and the humorous and “character sketches,” as we may call them, by
various hands, are more vigorous and picturesque, and less vulgar or
coarse, than is at all common in the works of local poets. To some
readers the peculiar dialect may be objectionable; but to any one
who can read Burns, it need be no stumbling-block to the enjoyment
of the varied contents of this elegant and well-arranged volume....
The biographical and other notes are carefully and well written,
judiciously informative, and not too long.—_Scotsman._

Cumberland has a goodly store of ballads, the natural offspring of
her hills and lakes, and fells and “forces,” a wealth of ballad
literature, in fact, whereof the Southron in general knows, we fear,
but little. Miss Susanna Blamire is a name of celebrity up North, the
poetess of Cumberland; and Robert Anderson and many others hold almost
equal repute there. Mr. Sidney Gilpin, himself owning a name which
has belonged to more than one Cumberland celebrity, has collected and
edited a volume of the dialect-songs and ballads, and other specimens
of the minstrelsy of his county, and offers it to the appreciation of
the English public. The “Songs and Ballads of Cumberland” ought to be a
welcome volume to all who can relish the home-spun simple language of a
genuine muse of the hills. There is much true and tender poetry in the
book, and much rough, natural vigour.—_Morning Star._


Cumberland has found in Mr. Sidney Gilpin an able and zealous champion;
and the present collection of her Songs and Ballads, though not,
perhaps, absolutely exhaustive, will decidedly extend her poetic fame,
and no doubt surprise many even among the students of this peculiar
lore.—_Church and State Review._


_F. Cap 8vo. Price 2s. 6d., in neat Cloth binding._

 MISS BLAMIRE’S SONGS AND POEMS; together with Songs by her friend MISS
 GILPIN of Scaleby Castle. With Portrait of Miss Blamire.

She was an anomaly in literature. She had far too modest an opinion
of herself; an extreme seldom run into, and sometimes, as in this
case, attended like other extremes with disadvantages. We are
inclined, however, to think that if we have lost a great deal by
her ultra-modesty, we have gained something. Without it, it is
questionable whether she would have abandoned herself so entirely to
her inclination, and left us those exquisite lyrics which derive their
charms from the simple, undisguised thoughts which they contain. The
characteristic of her poetry is its simplicity. It is the simplicity
of genuine pathos. It enters into all her compositions, and is perhaps
pre-eminent in her Scottish songs.
  _Carlisle Journal, 1842._

In her songs, whether in pure English, or in the Cumbrian or Scottish
dialect, she is animated, simple, and tender, often touching a chord
which thrills a sympathetic string deep in the reader’s bosom. It may,
indeed, be confidently predicted of several of these lyrics, that they
will live with the best productions of their age, and longer than many
that were at first allowed to rank more highly.—_Chambers’ Journal,
1842._


_F. Cap 8vo. Price 2s., in neat Cloth binding._

 ROBERT ANDERSON’S CUMBERLAND BALLADS.

As a portrayer of rustic manners—as a relator of homely incident—as
a hander down of ancient customs, and of ways of life fast wearing or
worn out—as an exponent of the feelings, tastes, habits, and language
of the most interesting class in a most interesting district, and
in some other respects, we hold Anderson to be unequalled, not in
Cumberland only, but in England. As a description of a long, rapid,
and varied succession of scenes—every one a photograph—occurring at a
gathering of country people intent upon enjoying themselves in their
own uncouth roystering fashion, given in rattling, jingling, regularly
irregular rhymes, with a chorus that is of itself a concentration of
uproarious fun and revelry, we have never read or heard anything like
Anderson’s “Worton Wedding.”—_Whitehaven Herald._


_Just Published, F. Cap 8vo. Price 5s._

 POEMS BY MRS. WILSON TWENTYMAN, of EVENING HILL. Dedicated, by
 permission, to H. W. LONGFELLOW.

_From the ILLUSTRATED TIMES, November 7th, 1868._

Her verses are occasionally poetical, and always dictated by some
fine genuine feeling, which must come home to an honest reader. She
does not write about “Men and Women,” as Mrs. Browning calls two of
her most beautiful volumes, but about human nature—i.e., our hopes,
fears, loves, aspirations, etc., are never personified and put into
the dramatic form. The volume consists of short pieces, and the whole
domestic morality of them will be fairly appreciated in houses where
Longfellow is looked upon as the one poet.

_From the CARLISLE EXPRESS, January 8th, 1869._

A spirit of piety and domestic affection permeates all Mrs. Twentyman’s
pieces, but she has not yet attained the full power of her art which
is to inspire as Nature inspires, by reproducing that which charms the
mind. In all probability she has not made this her aim, her poems being
the simple and unaffected outflow of pure womanly thought and feeling:
the apparent aim of the volume being religious rather than literary....
Mrs. Twentyman’s best efforts are those in which her own experience as
a wife and mother have helped her most. There she rises into the region
of true poetry, drawing from Life and Nature. “Love’s Inspiration,”
in which she evidently speaks of her own wedded life, is an example.
“Our Ain Bonnie Bessie” is another flowing from the same fount—sweet,
maternal love evidently inspiring the heart of the writer.... We give
her a hearty “God-speed,” feeling that all local talent should have
its just honour and encouragement. The proper encouragement of local
literature generally improves it, and there are cases in which it
has eventually called forth gifts of no ordinary power and compass.
Sympathy and interest are the special needs of the poet who often
cannot sing at all unless prompted to faith in his own powers by some
sympathetic friend.


_Crown 8vo. Price 2s. in extra Cloth binding; or 1s. in neat Paper
Cover._

 OLD CASTLES: Including Sketches of CARLISLE, CORBY, and LINSTOCK
 CASTLES; with a Poem on Carlisle. By M.S., Author of an Essay on
 Shakspeare, &c.

_From the CARLISLE EXPRESS._

M. S., by her many thoughtful and eloquent contributions to our local
literature, has long since become favourably known to a wide circle
of readers; and the little volume before us, in which her talents are
employed on congenial themes, cannot fail to maintain and extend her
reputation. The stirring historical events connected with the ancient
Border strongholds she has selected for treatment require something
more than the dry details which are all that are presented to us in the
ordinary run of guide books to make them properly understood. Adhering
strictly to historical truth, she has clothed the dry bones of the past
with life; and the various notable actors who have played their part in
the old castles, she so well delineates, seem to live and move before
us as we read her account of them. Nor do the natural beauties which
surround most of our ancient Border keeps lose anything of their rare
charm in her hands. Her picture of Corby is, indeed, a prose poem of
much beauty. But the gem of the book is the poem on Carlisle—worthily
holding the place of honour.... We must now take our leave of this
interesting little work. It is one which should be in the hands of
every intelligent Cumbrian who cares for the honour of his native
county; and the reader who desires to improve these glorious summer
days by visiting any of the scenes it so well describes, could find no
better companion to take with him.


                        CARLISLE: GEO. COWARD.