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[Illustration:

  REAR-ADMIRAL RICHARD WORSAM MEADE

  FIRST PRESIDENT-GENERAL
]




                              THE JOURNAL

                                 OF THE

                             AMERICAN-IRISH
                           HISTORICAL SOCIETY


                               EDITED BY

                         THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY
                          _Secretary-General_

                                  AND

                       THOMAS BONAVENTURE LAWLER
                         _Librarian-Archivist_


                                VOLUME I


                         BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS
                              MDCCCXCVIII

------------------------------------------------------------------------




                   AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY.


The American-Irish Historical Society was founded, as its constitution
declares, for “the study of American history generally; to investigate
specially the immigration of the people of Ireland to this country,
determine its numbers, examine the sources, learn the places of its
settlement; to examine records of every character wherever found; to
endeavor to correct erroneous, distorted, and false views of history in
relation to the Irish race in America; to encourage and assist the
formation of local societies; to promote and foster an honorable and
national spirit of patriotism; to place the result of its historical
investigations and researches in acceptable literary form; to print,
publish, and distribute its documents; to sift and discriminate every
paper, sketch, document bearing on the society’s line of work, before
the same is accepted and given official sanction.” The work was
inaugurated by the issuance of the following invitation to prominent men
throughout the country:

  A CALL FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF AN AMERICAN HISTORICAL SOCIETY WHOSE
    SPECIAL LINE OF RESEARCH SHALL BE THE HISTORY OF THE IRISH ELEMENT
    IN THE COMPOSITION OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE.

  DEAR SIR,—A number of gentlemen, interested in the part taken in
  American history by people of Irish birth or lineage, are about to
  organize themselves into an historical society for the purpose of
  investigating and recording the influence of that element in the
  up-building of the nation.

  People of Irish blood have been coming to this continent,
  voluntarily and otherwise, since the date of its earliest
  settlement. While they have been a valuable addition to colony and
  republic in all departments of human activity, their work and
  contributions have received but scant recognition from chroniclers
  of American history.

  Whether this omission springs from carelessness, ignorance,
  indifference, or design, is now of little moment. The fact that such
  a condition does exist makes it imperative that it should be
  remedied not only in the interest of historical truth, but of racial
  fair play. Certain elements in the make-up of the American people
  have not hesitated on occasion to masquerade, at the expense of the
  Irish, in borrowed plumes, and to pose under plundered laurels. It
  is the duty of honest historians to look after the rights of the
  lawful owners.

  The history of Irish immigration to this country is of profound
  interest. The motive that inspired this sturdy people in coming to
  these shores was largely the one that animated and inspired all
  immigration—discontent with the existing home conditions, civil,
  religious, political, industrial, and the hope of living under
  better and nobler conditions here.

  The American of English stock has his historical society; the
  descendants of the Dutch, Huguenot, and Spaniard have associations
  which specialize the historical work of the bodies they represent;
  and we feel that the story of the Irish element should be told
  before the mass of legend and fiction now flooding the country under
  misleading designations has completely submerged historic facts.

  The work of our projected society will be influenced by no religious
  or political divisions, for with us the race stands first, its
  qualifying incidents afterwards. It matters little where the people
  came from, whether from the north, the south, the east, or the west
  of Ireland. It is of minor importance in what church they worshiped;
  we wish merely to concern ourselves with the work done by them here;
  to record the story of their settlement; to state the extent of
  their participation in the civil, military, and political activities
  of the land, and to try truthfully and fearlessly to record their
  achievements.

  The society now in process of formation must, we believe, be made up
  of men who have the patience to search, the knowledge and wisdom to
  sift and discriminate, and the ability to place the results in
  acceptable literary form. Lastly, the character of the membership
  must be such that it will command the respect and attention of the
  community, so that its work will be accepted as having a definite
  historical value which can be used in general works treating of the
  growth of the republic by historians of a future date. This, in
  brief, is the project; it is ambitious, but it is worthy; it is
  absolutely necessary if the good name and influence of an essential,
  but much neglected, chapter in American history shall be
  perpetuated.

  To place the Irish element in its true light in American history, to
  secure its correct perspective in relation to historic events on
  this soil, is the final aim of the new society. Its primal object
  will be to ascertain the facts, weigh them in relation to
  contemporary events, and estimate their historical value, avoiding
  in this process the exaggeration and extravagance of poorly informed
  writers on the one hand and the prejudice and misrepresentation of
  hostile writers on the other.

  The organization will be constructed on a broad and liberal plan. It
  will be non-political, and no religious test will be required for
  admission to membership or the holding of office. Being an American
  organization in spirit and principle, the society will welcome to
  its ranks Americans of whatever race descent who evince an interest
  in the special line of research for which the society is organized.

  Some of the projectors belong to other historical bodies, and it was
  at first believed that the work for which this new society is to be
  formed could better be done through the medium of those bodies and
  without the necessity of a separate organization. Experience,
  however, has led to the conclusion that this is not so. Hence the
  resolve to form a distinct body, with its own special object,
  program, and mode of procedure.

  There is a place for such a society in the community; its purposes
  are honorable and useful, and its work should begin while yet
  documents, records, and historical material are available. We feel
  that such a work will be valuable not only to the Irish race, but to
  the American race also, to whose fiber this element has contributed
  its share.

  We will be glad to have your good wishes and coöperation in the
  work.

  The meeting for organizing the society will be held at the Revere
  House in Boston, Mass., on Wednesday, Jan. 20, 1897, at 6.30 P.M.
  Introductory to the proceedings, a dinner will be served.

                           Very respectfully,

 JOHN C. LINEHAN,
     State Insurance Commissioner, Concord, N. H.

 JOSEPH SMITH,
     Secretary, Board of Police, Lowell, Mass.

 ROBERT ELLIS THOMPSON,
     President, Central High School, Philadelphia, Pa.

 JAMES JEFFREY ROCHE,
     Editor, _The Pilot_, Boston, Mass.

 THEODORE ROOSEVELT,
     New York City.

 THOMAS J. GARGAN,
     Boston, Mass.

 PATRICK WALSH,
     Ex-U. S. Senator; publisher, _The Chronicle_, Augusta, Ga.

 THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY,
     Editor, _Daily Sun_, Lawrence, Mass.

 THOMAS A. E. WEADOCK,
     Member of the LII.d and of the LIII.d Congress, Detroit, Mich.

 JOHN J. PHELAN,
     Late Secretary of State, Connecticut, Bridgeport, Ct.

 EDWARD A. HALL,
     Member, Connecticut Valley Historical Society, Springfield, Mass.

 HUGH J. CARROLL,
     Late a Member of the Rhode Island General Assembly; Ex-Mayor
     of the city of Pawtucket, R. I.

 J. D. O’CONNELL,
     Bureau of Statistics, Treasury Department, Washington, D. C.

 WALTER LECKY,
     Redwood, Jefferson County, N. Y.

 J. W. FOGARTY,
     Assessors Department, City Hall, Boston, Mass.; Secretary,
     Charitable Irish Society (instituted 1737).

 THOMAS ADDIS EMMET,
     New York City.

 DENNIS HARVEY SHEAHAN,
     Ex-Reading Clerk, Rhode Island House of Representatives,
     Providence, R. I.

 M. J. HARSON,
     Founder, Phi Kappa Sigma, Brown University, Providence, R. I.

 JAMES R. O’BEIRNE,
     Late Brevet Brigadier-General of Volunteers; Ex-Commander, U. S.
     Medal of Honor Legion, New York City.

 ST. CLAIR A. MULHOLLAND,
     Brevet Major-General of Volunteers; commanded Fourth Brigade,
     First Division, Second Corps, Philadelphia, Pa.

 REV. THOMAS J. CONATY, D.D.,
     Rector, Catholic University, Washington, D. C.

 REV. GEORGE C. BETTS,
     Rector, St. James Protestant Episcopal Church, Goshen, N. Y.

 REV. GEORGE W. PEPPER,
     (Methodist), Cleveland, Ohio.

 REV. ANDREW MORRISSEY, C. S. C.,
     President, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Ind.

 OSBORNE HOWES,
     (Eighth American generation), Secretary, Board of Fire
     Underwriters, Boston, Mass.

 HENRY STODDARD RUGGLES,
     (Ninth American generation), Member, Sons of the Revolution and
     Sons of the American Revolution, Wakefield, Mass.

 HENRY G. CROWELL,
     (A descendant of David O’Killia, who was a settler in Plymouth
     Colony as early as 1657), South Yarmouth, Mass.

 RICHARD W. MEADE,
     Rear Admiral, U, S. N.

 JOHN COCHRANE,
     President of the N. Y. Society of the Cincinnati, New York City.

 MATTHEW CALBRAITHE BUTLER,
     Late a Senator of the United States, Edgefield, S. C.

  _Issued at Boston, Mass.,
        Dec. 26, 1896._

In response to this call, fifty gentlemen met at the Revere House on
Wednesday, January 20, and organized the AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL
SOCIETY by signing the following agreement:

  “We, the undersigned, by our subscription herewith, agree with the
  other subscribers hereto to organize ourselves into a body to be
  known as the AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY of the United States,
  whose object shall be the study of American history and whose
  special line of work shall be the history of the Irish element in
  the composition of the American people, and the investigation,
  record and publication of the influence of that element in the
  up-building of the nation.”

              THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY, Lawrence, Mass.
              JAMES JEFFREY ROCHE, Boston, Mass.
              JOSEPH SMITH, Lowell, Mass.
              EDWARD A. HALL, Springfield, Mass.
              BERNARD E. DONIGAN, Lawrence, Mass.
              TIMOTHY P. SULLIVAN, Concord, N. H.
              JAMES F. BRENNAN, Peterboro, N. H.
              HUGH J. CARROLL, Pawtucket, R. I.
              BERNARD MCCAUGHEY, Pawtucket, R. I.
              EDWARD F. RADIKIN, Pawtucket, R. I.
              PETER J. HEFFERN, Pawtucket, R. I.
              WILLIAM FARRELL, Pawtucket, R. I.
              M. W. KELLIHER, M. D., Pawtucket, R. I.
              JOHN C. LINEHAN, Penacook, N. H.
              REV. TIMOTHY P. LINEHAN, Biddeford, Me.
              REV. M. H. EGAN, Lebanon, N. H.
              JAMES CUNNINGHAM, Portland, Me.
              M. A. TOLAND, Boston, Mass.
              GEORGE H. MOSES, Concord, N. H.
              THOMAS B. SMITH, Lowell, Mass.
              P. J. FLATLEY, Boston, Mass.
              T. CARL O’BRIEN, Boston, Mass.
              JOHN A. O’KEEFE, Lynn, Mass.
              DANIEL DONOVAN, Lynn, Mass.
              W. J. AHERN, Concord, N. H.
              DAVID E. MURPHY, Concord, N. H.
              MICHAEL J. MCNEIRNY, Gloucester, Mass.
              JAS. H. CARMICHAEL, Lowell, Mass.
              GEO. C. DEMPSEY, Lowell, Mass.
              THOS. F. HARRINGTON, M. D., Lowell, Mass.
              DR. PHILIP KILROY, Springfield, Mass.
              THOMAS B. LAWLER, Worcester, Mass.
              REV. JOHN J. MCCOY, Chicopee, Mass.
              DR. PATRICK J. TIMMINS, South Boston, Mass.
              J. W. FOGARTY, Roxbury, Mass.
              JOHN E. LYNCH, Worcester, Mass.
              FRANCIS P. MCKEON, Worcester, Mass.
              M. J. HARSON, Providence, R. I.

[Illustration:

  EDWARD A. MOSELEY

  PRESIDENT-GENERAL
]

[Illustration:

  JOHN C. LINEHAN

  TREASURER-GENERAL
]

[Illustration:

  THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY

  SECRETARY-GENERAL
]

[Illustration:

  THOMAS B. LAWLER

  LIBRARIAN-ARCHIVIST
]

Several others were also present, but, coming in later, their signatures
to this agreement were not obtained. They included Hon. Thomas J. Gargan
and Osborne Howes, of Boston, Mass.; Charles A. De Courcy, of Lawrence,
Mass.; Dennis H. Sheahan, of Providence, R. I.; and Thomas Carroll, of
Peabody, Mass. Of these, Mr. Gargan, Mr. Howes, and Mr. Sheahan were
among the signers of the call for the meeting. All expressed themselves
in favor of the organization and a desire to be identified with it.

                  *       *       *       *       *

The following constitution was adopted:


                              _Preamble._

  Believing that the part taken in the settlement, foundation, and
  up-building of these United States by the Irish race has never
  received proper recognition from historians, and inspired by love
  for the republic, a pride in our blood and forefathers, and a desire
  for historic truth, this society has met and organized.

  Its mission is to give a plain recital of facts, to correct errors,
  to supply omissions, to allay passions, to shame prejudice, and to
  labor for right and truth.

  While we, as loyal citizens of this republic, are earnestly
  interested in all the various phases of its history, we feel that we
  should be false to its honor and greatness and recreant to our own
  blood if we did not make a serious effort to leave to those
  generations which will follow us a clearer and better knowledge of
  the important work done by men and women of the Irish race on this
  continent. People of this race—men and women born on Irish soil—have
  been here from the first, prompted in their flight by the motives
  common to all immigration, dissatisfaction with the old order of
  things, and the resolve to obtain a freer and better life in the new
  land under new conditions.

  And so we have come together—natives of Ireland, American sons of
  Irish immigrants, and descendants of immigrants even unto the
  seventh, eighth, and ninth American generations—to duly set forth
  and perpetuate a knowledge of these things.

  In the days to come, that lie in the womb of the future, when all
  the various elements that have gone and are going to make the
  republic great, are united in the American,—the man who in his
  person will represent the bravest elements of all the old races of
  earth,—we desire that the deeds and accomplishments of our element
  shall be written in the book of the new race, telling what we did
  and no more; giving us our rightful place by the side of the others.

  To accomplish this is the purpose of this organization; it is a work
  worthy of the sympathy and aid of every American who can rise above
  the environment of to-day and look into the broad future. Fidelity,
  truth, honor, are the watchwords of such a purpose, and under their
  noble influence should our work be done.


                           _Article I.—Name._

  This organization shall be known as the AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL
  SOCIETY.


                  _Article II.—Objects and Purposes._

  The objects and purposes of this society are:

  (1) The study of American history generally.

  (2) To investigate, specially, the immigration of the people of
  Ireland to this country, determine its numbers, examine the sources,
  learn the places of its settlement; and estimate its influence on
  contemporary events in war, legislation, religion, education, and
  other departments of human activity.

  (3) To examine records of every character, wherever found,
  calculated to throw light on the work of the Irish element in this
  broad land.

  (4) To endeavor to correct erroneous, distorted, and false views of
  history, where they are known, and to substitute therefor the truth
  of history, based on documentary evidence and the best and most
  reasonable tradition, in relation to the Irish race in America.

  (5) To encourage and assist the formation of local societies in
  American cities and towns for the work of the parent society.

  (6) To promote and foster an honorable and national spirit of
  patriotism, which will know no lines of division, which will be
  based upon loyalty to the laws, institutions, and spirit of the
  republic to whose up-building the Irish element has unselfishly
  contributed in blood and treasure, a patriotism whose simple
  watchwords will be true Americanism and human freedom, and which has
  no concern for any man’s race, color, or creed, measuring him only
  by his conduct, effort, and achievement.

  (7) To promote by union in a common high purpose a sincere
  fraternity, a greater emulation in well-doing, a closer confidence
  and mutual respect among the various elements of the Irish race in
  America, that, by putting behind them the asperities of the past,
  they may unite in a common brotherhood with their fellow-citizens
  for the honor of the race and the glory of the republic.

  (8) To place the result of its historical investigations and
  researches in acceptable literary form; to print, publish, and
  distribute its documents to libraries, institutions of learning, and
  among its members, in order that the widest dissemination of
  historical truth may be obtained and placed within the reach of
  historians and other writers and readers.

  (9) To sift and discriminate every paper, sketch, document, bearing
  on the society’s line of work, before the same is accepted and given
  official sanction, in order that its publication may be a guarantee
  of historical accuracy; to do its work without passion or prejudice,
  to view accomplished facts in the true scientific historical spirit,
  and, having reached the truth, to give it to the world.


                       _Article III.—Membership._

  Any person, of good moral character, who is interested in the
  special work of this society, shall be deemed eligible for
  membership in the same. No tests other than that of character and
  devotion to the society’s objects shall be applied to membership.

  Every applicant for membership shall be recommended by two members
  of the society before his application shall be considered by the
  Secretary-General, and the application shall be accompanied by the
  dues in the amounts laid down in the by-laws.

  Members will be elected as follows: Candidates may send their
  applications—for which blanks will be furnished—to the
  Secretary-General, accompanied by the fee as provided in the
  by-laws, and each application must be endorsed by two members of the
  society. The Secretary-General shall submit the application to the
  Executive Council, and a three-fourths vote of that body, by ballot
  or otherwise, will be necessary to elect the candidate.


                   _Article IV.—Classes of Members._

  The society shall comprise life members and annual members who shall
  pay dues provided by the by-laws. The society may also choose
  honorary and corresponding members who shall be exempt from dues but
  shall not have the right to vote.


                         _Article V.—Officers._

  The officers of the society shall consist of:

    1. A President-General.

    2. A Vice-President for each state and territory and for the
    District of Columbia.

    3. A Secretary-General.

    4. A Treasurer-General.

    5. A Librarian and Archivist.

    6. An Historiographer.

    7. An Executive Council.

  (The word “General” herein to be considered equivalent to National.)

  The officers of the society shall be elected annually.


                  _Article VI.—The President-General._

  The duties of the President-General shall be to open and preside
  over the society during its deliberations, to see that the
  constitution is observed and the by-laws enforced, to appoint
  committees, and exercise a watchful care over the interests of the
  society, that its work may be properly done and its purposes adhered
  to. In the absence of the President-General a presiding officer _pro
  tem._ may be chosen.


                  _Article VII.—The Vice-Presidents._

  It shall be the duty of the Vice-President of each state to
  represent the President-General at all meetings of state chapters of
  the society, and for the Vice-President of the state to which the
  President-General belongs, or in which the meeting is held, to
  represent him at all meetings of the parent society when he cannot
  be present, and in his absence to act as chairman _pro tem._ In the
  absence of both the President-General and state Vice-President, a
  presiding officer _pro tem._ may be chosen from the assembled
  members of the society.


                 _Article VIII.—The Secretary-General._

  The Secretary-General shall keep a record of all the proceedings of
  the society and the Executive Council; he shall have charge of the
  seal and records; he shall issue and sign in conjunction with the
  President-General all charters granted to the subsidiary chapters,
  and shall with him certify to all acts of the society. He shall,
  upon orders from the President-General, give due notice of time and
  place of all meetings of the body; give notice to the several
  officers of all votes, resolutions, orders, and proceedings of the
  body affecting them or appertaining to their respective offices, and
  perform such other duties as may be assigned him.


                  _Article IX.—The Treasurer-General._

  The Treasurer-General shall collect and receive all dues, funds, and
  securities, and deposit the same to the credit of the AMERICAN-IRISH
  HISTORICAL SOCIETY, in such banking institution as may be approved
  by the Executive Council. This money shall be drawn to the check of
  the Treasurer-General for the purposes of the society and to pay
  such sums as may be ordered by the Executive Council of the society
  in meeting, said orders to be countersigned by the President-General
  and Secretary-General. He must keep a full and accurate account of
  all receipts and disbursements, and at each annual meeting shall
  render the same to the society when a committee shall be appointed
  by the President-General to audit his accounts. He shall present at
  annual or special meetings a list of members in arrears.


               _Article X.—The Librarian and Archivist._

  The Librarian and Archivist shall be the custodian of all published
  books, pamphlets, files of newspapers, and similar property of the
  society. He shall have charge of all documents, manuscripts, and
  other productions not assigned by this constitution to other
  officers of the society, and shall keep the same in a place or
  places easy of access and safe from loss by fire or other causes.


                   _Article XI.—The Historiographer._

  The Historiographer, or official historian, of the society shall
  perform the duties usually pertaining to that office.


                 _Article XII.—The Executive Council._

  The Executive Council shall consist of the President-General,
  Secretary-General, Treasurer-General, Librarian and Archivist,
  Historiographer, and not less than ten nor more than twenty other
  members to be elected by the society. The Executive Council shall be
  judge of the qualifications of applicants for admission, and if
  satisfactory, shall elect the same. The Council shall recommend
  plans for promoting the objects of the society, digest and prepare
  business, authorize the disbursement and expenditure of
  unappropriated money in the treasury for the current expenses of the
  society; shall prepare and edit—or cause to be prepared and
  edited—contributions of an historical or literary character bearing
  on the special work of the society, for publication and
  distribution; may appropriate funds for the expenses of special
  branches of research for historical data and for the purchase of
  works to form a library for the society whenever it shall have a
  permanent home and headquarters. The Council shall have power to
  fill vacancies in offices until the annual meeting, exercise a
  supervisory care over the affairs of the society, and perform such
  other duties as may be intrusted to them. At a meeting of the
  Executive Council five members shall constitute a quorum.


                       _Article XIII.—Meetings._

  The annual meeting of this society shall be held on the third
  Wednesday in January, at a place to be selected by the Executive
  Council. A field day of the body shall be held during the summer of
  each year at such time and place as the Executive Council shall
  select, due regard being given to the convenience of the greatest
  number, and, as far as possible, the meeting place selected shall be
  one whose historical associations are of interest to American
  citizens.

  The annual meeting shall be for the purpose of electing officers,
  hearing reports, and transacting such other business as may come
  properly before it. There shall be four stated meetings each year.

  Special meetings may be called at any time by the Executive Council.


                  _Article XIV.—Subsidiary Societies._

  Chapters of the parent society may be established in any city or
  town in the United States upon the petition of ten persons for a
  charter, and such charter shall be issued upon payment of the sum
  designated for such in the by-laws.

  The President, Secretary, Treasurer, Librarian, and Historiographer
  of all subsidiary societies shall be admitted to all meetings of the
  parent society as members during their term of office, with all the
  privilege of membership except that of voting.


                       _Article XV.—Amendments._

  Amendments to the constitution shall be submitted to the Executive
  Council through the Secretary-General at least thirty days before
  the meeting of the society. A vote of two-thirds of the members
  present at the meeting shall be necessary for the adoption of such
  amendments.


                                BY-LAWS.

  1. The initiation fee shall be three dollars.[1] The annual
  membership fee shall be three dollars, payable not later than the
  first day of February in each year.

Footnote 1:

    The requirement that an initiation fee be paid is not yet
    enforced.

  2. Payment of fifty dollars in advance at one time shall constitute
  a life membership. Life members shall be exempt from further
  membership dues.

  3. The Executive Council shall provide for each regular meeting of
  the society an address, essay, or paper dealing with some topic in
  the society’s line of work.

  4. A copy of all original productions read before the society shall
  be requested for deposit in the society’s archives.

  5. The annual field-day program shall include an oration, poem, and
  dinner. Other features of an appropriate nature may be added.

  6. A fraternal spirit shall be cultivated with other American
  historical bodies. The society shall also keep in touch with
  historical organizations in Ireland, France, and other countries.

  7. Any person elected to membership in this society who fails to pay
  his initiation fee within one year from the date of his election
  shall, having been duly notified by the Secretary-General, be
  considered as having forfeited his right to membership and his
  election shall be canceled.

  8. A member, neglecting for two years to pay his annual fee, shall
  be notified of such omission by the Secretary-General. Still
  neglecting for three months to pay the dues, such delinquent member
  shall be dropped as no longer belonging to the society.

  9. The stated meetings of the society shall be held in January,
  April, July, and October. The President-General upon receiving a
  request in writing, signed by ten members, asking for a special
  meeting, shall cause the said meeting to be convened forthwith.

  10. Ten members shall constitute a quorum at any meeting of the
  society, except stated meetings when fifteen members shall be
  necessary.

  11. The general order of business at meetings of the society shall
  be as follows:

  _a._ Minutes of previous meeting.
  _b._ Report of Executive Council on candidates for membership.
  _c._ Balloting on candidates for membership.
  _d._ Reports of officers and committees.
  _e._ Unfinished business.
  _f._ New business.
  _g._ Adjournment

  12. When not otherwise provided, _Cushing’s Manual_ shall be the
  authority on points of procedure at meetings of the society.

  13. No part of these by-laws shall be amended, altered, or repealed,
  unless proposition is submitted in writing covering the proposed
  amendment at least thirty days before the meeting when it is to be
  acted upon, when, if two-thirds of the members present and voting
  express themselves in favor of the change, the same shall be made.

After the reception and introduction of those present, dinner was
served. Hon. Thomas J. Gargan presided, having as his guest Paul B. Du
Chaillu, the noted explorer, author of _The Viking Age_, _The Land of
the Midnight Sun_, and numerous other works.

Upon the conclusion of the dinner, Mr. Gargan arose and said:

  “In the name of the committee who have issued the call for the
  organization of an American Historical Society, whose special line
  of research shall be the history of the Irish element in the
  composition of the American people, I congratulate you on the
  success of this initial movement and bid you a cordial welcome to
  this meeting.

  “But little has yet been done to show how much the sons of Ireland
  and their descendants have contributed to the settlement, to the
  civilization and reclamation of this country, as also to its
  liberation from oppression.

  “In our proposed work we will discard the legendary and the
  mythical. We recognize that we are living in a scientific age at the
  end of the nineteenth century, the age of the microscope and the
  X-ray, and we ask for the acceptance of no historical data that will
  not bear the modern search-light and that is not sufficiently
  proven.

  “We claim that due credit has not been given to the Irish
  contributions. That through prejudice or through gross ignorance
  there has grown up a myth about the Scotch-Irish. Of all the myths
  that have crept into history this is the most mythical. Why any man
  should be ashamed of his honorable Irish ancestry surpasses my
  comprehension and subjects the man who attempts to deny it to the
  scorn and contempt of all honest and intelligent men.

[Illustration:

  THOMAS J. GARGAN
  BOSTON, MASS.
]

[Illustration:

  JAMES JEFFREY ROCHE
  BOSTON, MASS.
]

[Illustration:

  JOHN D. CRIMMINS
  NEW YORK CITY
]

[Illustration:

  JOSEPH SMITH
  LOWELL, MASS.
]

                          EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

  “Descendants of Irishmen may well feel proud of the honorable part
  which the Irish race has borne in the settlement and development of
  the country. As early as 1649, Cromwell, by his cruel policy,
  transported 45,000 of them beyond the seas. A large number came to
  Barbadoes. Many of them afterwards came to the continent of North
  America.

  “The revolution of 1688 in England, and the acts of British
  Parliament to discourage manufactures in Ireland, drove 100,000
  operatives out of Ireland, and a writer of that time says multitudes
  of them went to America.

  “In 1729 a writer stated that 3000 males left Ulster yearly for the
  American colonies. And the arrivals at the port of Philadelphia for
  1729 are set down as: English and Welsh, 267; Scotch, 43; German,
  343; Irish, 5655, or a proportion of ten Irish immigrants to one
  from all other European nations. This constant influx continued,
  though not in so great proportion. So we see what an important
  factor they were in the settlement of the colonies.

  “James Logan, of Lurgan, Ire., came over with William Penn, and
  complaint was made against him that public Mass was permitted in the
  colony.

  “The name of Logan has through all our history been honorably
  identified with every step of our progress. In 1729 several families
  came from Longford, Ire., who were landed at Cape Cod, but made
  their way to New York. Among them was Charles Clinton, whose three
  children became historical men in the annals of New York. The colony
  of Maryland was largely settled from Ireland; the Carrolls, whose
  names are indissolubly associated with American history, coming to
  the colony in 1689.

  “In 1710 we find in Virginia along the Blue Ridge, in what are now
  the counties of Patrick and Rockbridge, the McDowells,
  Breckenridges, McDuffies, McGruders, and others, and the two rivers
  Mayo, and the towns called McGaheysville, Healysville,
  Kennedysville, McFarland, Lynchburg, and Kinsdale,—all names that
  tell us plainly what was the origin of the settlers.

  “In 1737 an Irish settlement was established on the Santee River in
  South Carolina, and the historian of that time says none has
  furnished so many settlers to this province as Ireland.

  “In 1746 Daniel Boone commenced the settlement of Kentucky, and had
  with him Hugh McGrady, also Harland and McBride.

  “In the Massachusetts Bay Colonies, prejudices against natives of
  Ireland existed almost from the settlement of the colony. There were
  restrictions as to land, and in 1720 the General Court warned
  settlers from Ireland to leave the colony within seven months.

  “As you all know, in 1737 the Charitable Irish Society was founded
  here in Boston by twenty-six natives of Ireland, Robert Duncan
  heading the list. William Hall was the first president, and in that
  list of names are the founders of many distinguished Boston
  families, some of whom, I am sorry to say, are not inclined to own
  their origin, or choose rather to call themselves Scotch-Irish, an
  appellation which their ancestors would have despised. We find at
  Concord the burial place of Hugh Cargill, born in Ballyshannon, who
  came to this country, in 1744, a poor emigrant, acquiring no mean
  estate, leaving as a legacy the Stratton farm to the town of Concord
  to be used for the poor.

  “There also came to Massachusetts the Limerick schoolmaster, John
  O’Sullivan, a name illustrious in our country’s annals. One of his
  sons was General Sullivan, of Revolutionary fame. One of his lineal
  descendants, Mr. Russell Sullivan, the well-known author, is one of
  the signers of our roll. There were Higginses and Reillys at
  Plymouth and along the shores of Cape Cod.

  “One of the Indian transfers of land was to one of the Reillys.

  “One of the most distinguished Irishmen who came to New England was
  George Berkely, a native of Kilkenny. Born near Thomaston, he came
  here to found a college for the civilization of the Indians. He is
  best remembered by his poems. Those of you who have visited the
  national capitol at Washington will see in fresco on the walls at
  the foot of the stairway portrayed by the brush of the artist in
  almost speaking pictures the story of the settlement and
  civilization of the United States, and you will see inscribed the
  lines which gave the artist inspiration, written by George Berkely:

              Westward the course of empire takes its way;
                The four first acts already past,
              A fifth shall close the drama with the day:
                Time’s noblest offspring is the last.

  “Yet we should not be vainglorious. We are but representatives of
  many nations who from the earliest settlement of the country have
  helped to plant here free institutions, but we are not intruders,
  nor are we here by the tolerance of any party. We live here under
  the constitution and laws of the country, and are vitally interested
  in its well-being and future prosperity. We, of this generation,
  decline to accept that series of lies which English historians and
  their imitators have agreed upon as truthful history of what the
  Irish have done in this country or any other country.

  “We propose to investigate facts and ask for their impartial
  consideration.

  “The object of this association is to call to mind those noble types
  of men and women that the Irish race have sent here, that we may
  receive credit for our fair share in the development and maintenance
  of a government founded upon manhood.”

  Hon. John C. Linehan spoke briefly, saying: “I think there is not a
  prouder title than that of American citizen. I am proud of it. I
  glory in it. But as I believe that a man who cannot love his mother
  cannot love his wife, a man who is false to the land of his birth
  can never be true to the land of his adoption. New Hampshire
  presents a rich field for the society’s research.

  “Our first governor was an Irishman. Darby Field, an Irish soldier,
  discovered the White Mountains, and there was not a battle of the
  French and Indian wars in which Irish blood was not spilt just as
  freely as in the battles of the Civil War.

  “If we do our work, the American people, of whatever birth, will put
  the present Scotch-Irish myth where it belongs.”

  Joseph Smith, secretary of the Lowell Police Board, urged work on
  the part of every member. “We cannot deal in hurrah business,” he
  said. “We must produce the cold documents and facts that no one can
  dispute, and eliminate from history its imaginary and fictitious
  bluffs. All must work in investigation in their own towns and
  vicinity. We must organize in every town and city, and every year
  have a meeting of this parent society to garner and publish our
  discovered and compiled facts. This cold documentary evidence cannot
  be disputed, and falsehood and fiction will cease.”

  Osborne Howes, the seventh in line from an Irish settler of Cape
  Cod, said it was not so much a matter of self-laudation, but to
  create a spirit in the people. He believed in the necessity of a
  race living up to its ideal, and the higher the ideal could be
  placed the better for all of the race; they will have something to
  look forward to, something to eliminate.

  Paul Du Chaillu heartily endorsed the purpose as a most laudable
  one. “But don’t be self-laudable,” he advised, “you want the facts,
  the truth; unearth the truth for truth’s sake; present it to the
  world and don’t be afraid of opposition. Defy it.”

  Charles A. De Courcey, of Lawrence, spoke of the feeling and
  experience and slurs cast upon every school child of Irish parentage
  in the past, and to some extent to-day. “We were foreign. We did not
  feel at home. But we began to know. We began to feel at home. We
  learned of our race’s participation in the up-building of the
  nation. We will prove our part in America’s history; then the
  children as Americans can feel as Americans.”

  The Rev. John J. McCoy, in an able speech, declared: “The records
  are so honorable that, although it is rather late to make the start,
  we all ought to find very pleasant work in assisting to look them
  up.”

  Editor George H. Moses, of the _Concord Monitor_, Senator Chandler’s
  paper, ex-Mayor Hugh J. Carroll, of Pawtucket, and Hon. P. J.
  Flatley, of Boston, made speeches, urging the conduct of the
  research with true historic spirit.

  Mr. Flatley, in his impromptu speech, handled the “Scotch-Irish”
  myth without gloves.

The following officers were elected:

Rear-Admiral Richard Worsam Meade, U. S. Navy (retired),
President-General; Thomas Hamilton Murray, Pawtucket, R. I.,
Secretary-General; Hon. John C. Linehan, Concord, N. H.,
Treasurer-General; Thomas B. Lawler, Worcester, Mass., Librarian
Archivist; Hon. Theodore Roosevelt, New York; James Jeffrey Roche,
Boston; Augustus St. Gaudens, New York; Hon. Thomas J. Gargan, Boston;
Dr. Thomas Dunn English, Newark, N. J.; Prof. Maurice F. Egan,
Washington; Edward A. Moseley, Washington; Robert Ellis Thompson,
Philadelphia; T. Russell Sullivan, Boston; Joseph Smith, Lowell,
Executive Committee.

The vice-presidents are: Massachusetts, Osborne Howes, Boston;
Connecticut, Joseph Swords, Hartford; Maine, James Cunningham; Rhode
Island, M. J. Harson, Providence; Vermont, T. W. Maloney; New York, Gen.
James R. O’Beirne; New Jersey, Hon. William McAdoo; District of
Columbia, J. D. O’Connell, Washington; Pennsylvania, Gen. St. Clair
Mulholland, Philadelphia; South Carolina, Hon. Matthew C. Butler;
Georgia, Hon. Patrick Walsh; Ohio, Rev. George W. Pepper, Cleveland;
Michigan, Thomas A. Weadock, Detroit; New Hampshire, T. B. Sullivan,
Concord.

The position of historiographer has been left vacant until a subsequent
meeting of the executive body.

Mr. Joseph Smith, of Lowell, in behalf of the committee appointed to
prepare a constitution and by-laws, submitted a report, and the same met
with the unanimous approval of the gathering. The preamble is as
follows:

Believing that the part taken in the settlement, foundation, and
up-building of these United States by the Irish race has never received
proper recognition from historians, and inspired by love for the
republic, a pride in our blood and forefathers, and a desire for
historic truth, this society has met and organized.

Its mission is to give a plain recital of facts, to correct errors, to
supply omissions, to allay passions, to shame prejudice, and to labor
for right and truth.

While we, as loyal citizens of this republic, are earnestly interested
in all the various phases of its history, we feel that we should be
false to its honor and greatness, and recreant to our own blood, if we
did not make a serious effort to leave to those generations which follow
us a clearer and better knowledge of the important work done by men and
women of the Irish race on this continent. People of this race—men and
women born on Irish soil—have been here from the first, prompted in
their flight by the motives common to all immigration,—dissatisfaction
with the old order of things and the resolve to obtain a freer and
better life in the new land under new conditions.

And so we have come together—natives of Ireland, American sons of Irish
immigrants, and descendants of immigrants even unto the seventh, eighth,
and ninth American generations—duly to set forth and perpetuate a
knowledge of these things.

In the days to come, that lie in the womb of the future, when all the
various elements that have gone and are going to make the republic great
are united in the American,—the man who in his person will represent the
bravest elements of all the old races of earth,—we desire that the deeds
and accomplishments of our element shall be written in the book of the
new race, telling what we did, and no more; giving us our rightful place
by the side of others.

To accomplish this is the purpose of this organization; it is a work
worthy of the sympathy and aid of every American who can rise above the
environment of to-day and look into the broad future. Fidelity, truth,
honor are the watchwords of such a purpose, and under their noble
influence should our work be done.

Thomas Hamilton Murray, secretary of the meeting, was then introduced
and stated that letters expressive of interest in the organization,
acknowledging an invitation or giving an expression of opinion, had been
received from a large number of people. The list of writers included the
following:

 HON. GEORGE F. HOAR,
     United States senator from Massachusetts.

 REAR-ADMIRAL RICHARD W. MEADE, U. S. N.
     (Retired), Philadelphia, Pa., and Washington, D. C.

 HON. THOMAS DUNN ENGLISH,
     Newark, N. J.

 DR. THOMAS ADDIS EMMET,
     New York City.

 SAMUEL SWETT GREEN,
     Worcester, Mass. (of the American Antiquarian Society).

 HENRY STODDARD RUGGLES,
     Wakefield, Mass. (of the Sons of the Revolution).

 HON. DANIEL H. HASTINGS,
     Governor of Pennsylvania.

 PRESIDENT TYLER,
     Of the college of William and Mary, Virginia.

 PRESIDENT LEE,
     Of Washington and Lee University, Virginia.

 PRESIDENT MORRISSEY,
     Of the University of Notre Dame, Indiana.

 REV. DR. CONATY,
     Rector of the Catholic University, Washington, D. C.

 PROVOST HARRISON,
     Of the University of Pennsylvania.


 H. B. ADAMS,
     Professor of American and Institutional history, Johns Hopkins
        University.

 W. M. SLOANE,
     Professor of history, Princeton College, New Jersey.

 EX-GOVERNOR WALLER,
     Of Connecticut.

 GEN. FRANCIS A. WALKER,
     Boston, Mass.

 EDWARD A. MOSELEY,
     Washington, D. C.

 REV. J. GRAY BOLTON, D. D.,
     (Presbyterian), Philadelphia, Pa.

 REV. CYRUS TOWNSEND BRADY,
     Philadelphia, Pa. (Protestant Episcopal archdeacon of Pennsylvania).

 REV. GEORGE W. PEPPER,
     (Methodist), Cleveland, O.

 REV. GEORGE C. BETTS,
     (Protestant Episcopalian), Goshen, N. Y.

 REV. THOMAS J. SHAHAN,
     Catholic University, Washington, D. C.

 HON. PATRICK WALSH,
     Augusta, Ga. (ex-United States senator).

 HON. THOMAS A. E. WEADOCK,
     Detroit, Mich. (ex-member of Congress).

 COL. D. S. LAMSON,
     Weston, Mass.

 JOHN P. DONAHUE,
     Wilmington, Del. (national commander, Union Veteran Legion).

 HON. JOHN COCHRANE,
     President of the New York Society of the Cincinnati.

 REV. W. A. MCDERMOTT,
     (“Walker Lecky”) Redwood, N. Y.


                       LETTERS OF WARM APPROVAL.

The following are the letters that were received:


                         _From Admiral Meade._

                                           PHILADELPHIA, Dec. 8, 1896.

  DEAR MR. ROCHE:—Your note of November 26 with its enclosure has only
  just reached me here. In reply I would say that you are at liberty
  to enroll my name as you desire. My ancestor, Robert Meade, who died
  in this city in August, 1754, was an Irish gentleman, who, having to
  choose between his conscience and his native land, chose to leave
  his native land for the sake of conscience and to cast in his lot
  with the people of the New World. He was one of the “Wild Geese.”
  His son, George Meade, born in this city, Feb. 27, 1741, died here
  in 1808. His life has been written for the volumes of the American
  Catholic Historical Society of this city. He was a patriot of the
  finest type, and his name is on the Roll of Honor in Independence
  Hall in this city.

  Since then four generations have borne the name of Richard Worsam
  Meade, and all, I believe, with honor. My father’s younger brother,
  George Gordon Meade, is sufficiently well known to the country in
  connection with Gettysburg. In the life of George Meade, alluded to
  above, you will see what _I_ say about “Irishmen.”

  My father’s mother was Margaret Butler, of this city, and she also
  traced her ancestry to a famous strain of Norman-Irish blood.

  No, sir! None of the Meades or Butlers are ashamed of their Irish
  lineage! Rather the contrary do we rejoice that our forefathers came
  from the Emerald Isle, the land of dauntless men and pure women, and
  that they represented the best blood of the Island.

                                Very truly yours,
                                        R. W. MEADE, 3d,
                                                Rear-Admiral, U. S. N.


                  _From the Governor of Pennsylvania._

                                                     January 11, 1897.

  MY DEAR SIR:—It would give me great pleasure to unite with yourself
  and other gentlemen who are interested in recording the relation and
  influence of Americans of Irish birth or lineage to the history of
  our country, were it possible for me to be away from the Capitol on
  the 20th inst. I am in entire sympathy with the movement and hope to
  render assistance along the lines indicated in your letter. My
  father was born in Londonderry and came to this country when a
  youth. I believe I am entitled to membership in the proposed
  organization.

                                       Very truly yours,
                                                   DANIEL H. HASTINGS.


                      _From the Rev. Dr. Shahan._

                                     WASHINGTON, D. C., Jan. 18, 1897.

  DEAR CAPTAIN TOBIN:—I regret to say that it will be practically
  impossible to go to Boston. I cannot very well leave all the work I
  have on hand, and I must go back again the following week, for
  Monday, the 25th, to Hartford. But I am entirely in favor of the
  good work, and I hope that from the beginning it will be a success.
  I regret again very much that so many duties all crowd in on the end
  of January, and make it impossible to be with so many men of one
  mind and one race next Wednesday. If members are proposed, please
  put me down as one.

                                           Yours sincerely,
                                                     THOMAS J. SHAHAN.

Judge Smith, of the Superior Court of Pennsylvania, wrote:

  “I have just read the letter which you kindly sent me, giving in
  outline the scope and purpose of the proposed Historical Society and
  bearing the names of many distinguished citizens. I am very much
  pleased with the project and gratified to see that so many eminent
  gentlemen have become interested in the movement, and regret that
  official duties will prevent my attendance at the initial meeting.
  That the undertaking is needful and timely, the letter well
  demonstrates, and the broad foundation indicated will undoubtedly
  attract the moral and material support of all American citizens who
  want nothing but the truth recorded and preserved in the archives of
  history. May success attend the noble work of vindicating the worth
  and memory of a superior race!”

Henry Stoddard Ruggles, of Wakefield, wrote:

  “Your proposal to found a society devoted to the preservation of
  records of the services of Irishmen in the colonization and
  subsequent history of America meets my approval. Although the
  biographies of some of the early pioneers of that race have been
  carefully and fully treated, owing to the devotion of their
  descendants to their memory, only a very small part has ever been
  written of the history of the stock as a whole, and some of their
  achievements have, through prejudice, been ascribed to another
  people. Many Protestants of Irish derivation are claiming a Scotch
  lineage for their immigrant ancestor, which he would have
  repudiated; and yet they are often innocent of intent to mislead; so
  thoroughly in certain quarters has the theory been nursed, that
  Protestant Irishmen, particularly those from the northern province,
  are invariably descended from the Scotch blood. As an American in
  the ninth American generation, who, by the services of three great
  grandfathers in the armies of the Revolution, holds membership in
  both the ‘Sons of the Revolution’ and ‘Sons of the American
  Revolution,’ and as a member of the ‘Essex Institute’ and ‘Roxbury
  Military Historical Society,’ both devoted to historical research, I
  naturally desire that all branches of our country’s history should
  receive the attention they deserve. That a race so prolific, so
  inwrought with the old stock of the land, so productive of men of
  mark and merit, should till now remain without a representative
  society to defend its record and its heroes, is most surprising.
  That it is soon to have such we may rest assured from the names of
  its sponsors, who are a guaranty of success.”


                      _From Rt. Rev. Dr. Conaty._

                                             WORCESTER, Nov. 20, 1896.

  MY DEAR SIR:—I am in full accord with a movement toward the
  establishment of an American Historical Society, according to the
  lines projected by you. The object is most praiseworthy, and the
  results will be most valuable. It is a shame for us that so much
  valuable matter has been lost because of no medium of salvation. Let
  us save what we can, and gather together the records of our race in
  the fields of literature, patriotism, business, and professional
  life. The story has not been fully written; but when this has been
  done, it will be found that our people have done their share in the
  work of civilization, liberty, and letters in the great Republic,
  for the preservation of which so many generously gave their lives.

  You have my best wishes, and you can depend upon my earnest
  coöperation.

                                           Yours very truly,
                                                     THOMAS J. CONATY.


                     _From Dr. Thomas Addis Emmet._

                                               NEW YORK, Jan. 4, 1897.

  DEAR SIR:—I am too much occupied with my professional engagements to
  be able to get away from home at this season, and I will therefore
  not be able to attend the meeting for organizing the society on
  January 20. But I am in close sympathy with the movement, and
  believe that there exists a large and promising field for an Irish
  Historical Society in this country. This opinion is based on the
  fact that during a long life I have devoted the greater part of my
  leisure time to the study of American history. Until recently I
  possessed probably the largest library and the largest collection of
  autographic documents bearing on American history ever held by one
  individual. From my knowledge thus gained, I am firmly of the
  conviction that the Irish, by birth or descent, have contributed
  during the past two hundred years, and from every station in life,
  more in number, more brain work and muscle for the development of
  the country at large than has been furnished by every other
  nationality of the world combined.

  With some experience in getting up such an undertaking, I will take
  the liberty of making a suggestion: The success of the proposed
  society will rest entirely, I believe, on one feature—putting it in
  the hands of young men, who must be put forward with the
  responsibility to do the work. It is but proper that the older men
  should make the first move, give it their support and contribute
  hereafter so far as they may be able to do; but unless the young men
  become interested in the undertaking, and sufficiently to be willing
  to do the work, it will prove a failure.

                                           Yours very truly,
                                                   THOMAS ADDIS EMMET.


                       _From Hon. E. A. Moseley._

                                                WASHINGTON, January 6.

  DEAR SIR:—I am very glad indeed to know that there will be an
  American Historical Society whose special line of research will be
  the history of the Irish element in this country, and I will
  cheerfully aid in the work as far as I can.

  I am ninth in descent from Lieut. Thaddeus Clark, who came from
  Ireland and died in Portland, May 16, 1690. He was lieutenant of a
  company of men engaged in the defense of Falmouth, now Portland,
  during the Indian War. He fell into ambuscade with his company while
  making a reconnoitre, and was killed with twelve of his men.

  I am eleventh in descent from Deputy-Governor George Cleeves, who
  was the founder of Portland, formerly Falmouth. I have the
  impression that he was an Irishman also.

  I am sixth in descent from Lieut. John Brown, of Belfast, Me., who
  came with his father from Londonderry, Ire., and was one of the
  settlers of Londonderry, N. H. He was chairman of the first Board of
  Selectmen of Belfast, Me., chosen Nov. 11, 1773–75. He removed from
  Londonderry, N. H. While residing in Londonderry, he had been a
  commissioned officer in the Provincial Army, and had served in the
  French War. He was one of the Committee of Safety and Inspection.

  If I had the time for research, I feel that I could find others of
  my ancestors who came from Ireland.

                            With kindest regards, sincerely yours,
                                                    EDWARD A. MOSELEY.


       _From the National Commander of the Union Veteran Legion._

                                         WILMINGTON, Del., January 20.

  RESPECTED SIR:—I am in hearty sympathy with your proposed
  organization, and should feel myself honored by being considered a
  member of it, and will work to the best of my ability to accomplish
  the desired purpose in the limited field presented to me in this
  state of Delaware. I am now engaged in convention at Dover,
  Delaware, framing a new constitution for our state, and will have
  more leisure when that has been accomplished. In the meantime I beg
  to assure you of my sincere thanks and high appreciation at the
  honor conferred upon me by yourself and honorable colleagues in so
  worthy a movement, and have the honor to remain,

                                         Very truly,
                                             JNO. P. DONAHOE,
                                                   National Commander.


           _From Samuel Swett Green, Librarian of Worcester._

  “Thank you for sending me a circular regarding the historical
  society, which it is in contemplation to form for the purpose of
  promoting the study of the work which has been done by Irishmen in
  furthering the interests of the American Colonies and the United
  States. It is natural and commendable for residents of the United
  States, born in foreign countries or descended from persons born
  outside of this country, that, while esteeming the institutions of
  this land and having a patriotic interest in its welfare, they
  should at the same time retain warm affection for the mother country
  and a strong interest in the doings of its sons. Because such
  persons love a new country, there is no reason why they should cease
  to love the old country. They would show a lack of right feeling
  were they to do so. I heartily favor the formation of societies by
  studious people interested in the history of different elements of
  our population, and should think that Americans of Irish origin
  would find the study of the history of the Irish in this country
  especially interesting and profitable. They would find, I should
  think, a rich return in striving to bring to light incidents in
  their history by forming a society with this purpose in view.”


                 _From Ex-U. S. Senator Patrick Walsh._

                                          AUGUSTA, Ga., Sept. 8, 1896.

  DEAR SIR:—I am in receipt of your favor of August 31, enclosing
  proof of an article in reference to the formation of an
  “American-Irish Historical Society.” I have read the announcement
  with pleasure, and I most cordially endorse the object in view. The
  history of the Irish race in America should be written. In peace and
  in war citizens of Irish birth have always been faithful to the
  United States. I regret to say that I do not very well see, at this
  time, how I can be present at your first meeting, but I beg to
  assure you of my most hearty approval of the proposed American-Irish
  Historical Society.

                                            Yours very sincerely,
                                                        PATRICK WALSH.


                       _From Theodore Roosevelt._

                                              NEW YORK, Jan. 13, 1897.

  MY DEAR MR. ROCHE:—I regret extremely that I cannot be present at
  the opening meeting of the Association. All these associations do
  good. We are a new people, derived from many race strains, and
  different from any one of them, and it is a good thing to have
  brought before us our diversity in race origin. Like most New
  Yorkers, whose American ancestry goes back for more than two
  centuries, I have an ancestral right to belong to several societies
  of this kind, and I enjoy equally attending the dinners of the
  Hollander, the Huguenot, the Scotchman, and the Irishman. It seems
  to me the one lesson to be remembered always by those who belong to
  these associations is that in time their descendants will most
  surely have the right to belong to many other similar associations;
  for in time the different strains of blood will all be blended
  together, English and Irish, German and French. When that time
  comes, and before it, the chief thing for all of us to keep in mind
  is that we must be good Americans, purely as such, no matter what be
  our creed or our ancestry in Europe.

                                     Very sincerely yours,
                                                   THEODORE ROOSEVELT.


                          _From Senator Hoar._

                                      WORCESTER, Mass., Nov. 12, 1896.

  DEAR MR. MURRAY:—I think your plan for an historical society is
  excellent. The facts in regard to this most important contribution
  to our national life ought to be collected and preserved. If, as I
  am sure they will, they are collected and preserved in the true
  historic spirit, without concealing or slurring over, or
  exaggerating anything, they will be of great value. Let no Irishman
  be ashamed of his origin or the humble condition from which so many
  of his countrymen came. The Irish race has done a great service to
  America. They made a splendid contribution toward saving our
  national life during the Rebellion. The story of their generosity
  and affection for the kindred they left behind is one of the most
  touching and stirring in history. But they have had, have now, and
  will continue to have for a good while to come, grave faults. To say
  this is only to say that they are human. Do not be afraid to record
  their faults as well as their virtues, and the faithful portraiture
  will be one well deserving a place in our nation’s gallery.

                       I am, with high regard, faithfully yours,
                                                       GEORGE F. HOAR.


      _From the Protestant Episcopal Archdeacon of Pennsylvania._

                                           PHILADELPHIA, Jan. 8, 1897.

  MY DEAR SIR:—I have seen a notice of the meeting called for the
  evening of the 21st of January, at the Revere House, Boston, for the
  organization of an American Historical Society, whose special line
  of research is to be the history of the Irish element in the
  composition of the American people.

  Although unable to be present, to my great regret, I very much
  desire to be counted one of the charter members of the society when
  it is organized. I am a member of the Society of the Sons of the
  Revolution, and my name, as well as my family history, indicates my
  Celtic descent, a derivation of which I am very proud.

  I think the purposes of such a society are admirable, and if I can
  do anything to further its objects I shall be delighted. Kindly
  advise me of the receipt of this letter at your convenience, and
  oblige,

                           Very sincerely yours,
                                         C. T. BRADY,
                                           Archdeacon of Pennsylvania.


                    _From Dr. Thomas Dunn English._

                                            NEWARK, N. J., January 11.

  DEAR SIR:—My age and consequent infirmities prevent me from
  attending too many night meetings in a month. I have promised to be
  present on the 16th at the annual dinner of the Alumni of the
  University of Pennsylvania, and on the 25th to attend the Burns
  celebration of the Newark Caledonian Club. This is about as much as
  I can attend to without endangering my health. I regret, however, my
  enforced absence, because I have a cordial sympathy with the
  proposed movement. As a descendant on my father’s side through over
  two centuries of American ancestors from Norman-Irish stock, and
  more immediately on my mother’s side from the Gaelic, I naturally
  take an interest in all that concerns the honor and reputation of my
  lineage. I therefore beg of you to place my name on the list of
  original members when you organize.

  I have a further interest in the matter as a native American
  desiring that our federal and state historical records should be
  accurate and complete. Writers covering the part played by Irishmen
  in this country’s history generally confine themselves to services
  rendered during a revolutionary and post-revolutionary wars; and
  these the enemies of Ireland constantly depreciate, and the friends
  of Ireland sometimes exaggerate. Both sides lose sight of the fact
  that very much is due to Irish efforts in the colonization of the
  country and in its civil and social development. The society
  proposed will be able to show how much the Quaker Irish in
  Philadelphia and its vicinity, the Catholic Irish in Maryland, and
  bodies and individuals of them elsewhere on the seaboard did to
  develop our civilization and promote our progress. The society will
  have a rich and poorly worked mine of historical wealth in another
  quarter. The Appalachian and Alleghanian ranges and their immediate
  valleys found large numbers of Irish settlers among the pioneers,
  and from Londonderry in New Hampshire to Murphy and Coleraine in
  Georgia, there extends a long line of settlements where many
  customs, terms, phrases, and modes of thought and action attest the
  country of the founders. “The dark and bloody ground” of Kentucky
  has among its residents so many with Hibernian names, though the
  sept mark of O’ has been dropped in many cases, the Macs being more
  adherent, that in calling off the assessment rolls in some quarters
  it would seem to the hearer as though he had dropped in upon the
  meeting of some Irish society.

  With my best wishes for the thorough success of the proposed
  organization,

                                      I am yours truly,
                                                  THOMAS DUNN ENGLISH.


                     _From Gen. Francis A. Walker._

                                                BOSTON, Nov. 25, 1896.

  MY DEAR SIR:—Your letter of the 18th inst., enclosing a cutting
  relating to the proposed new historical society, arrived during my
  absence from the city. As regards the desirability of thorough
  investigation into the early history of the Irish element of our
  American population, there can be no question whatever. The
  confusion that has arisen regarding the several constituents of the
  Irish immigration—as witnessed, for example, in the general use of
  the word Scotch-Irish, applied indifferently to persons of pure
  English, pure Scotch, and pure Irish blood—shows abundantly the need
  of careful dispassionate research; and all should rejoice to see the
  work undertaken in the most effective way.

  The question whether such an investigation should be begun and
  carried on through existing historical societies and agencies, or
  through the organization of a new society specifically for this
  object, is one regarding which my opinion would be of little value.
  My life has not been mainly devoted to historical investigation;
  and, even where I have worked by myself in this field, I have, I
  fear, been a very poor member of the several historical societies to
  which I belong.

                          I am, dear Sir, Faithfully yours,
                                                    FRANCIS A. WALKER.


                   _From Rev. J. Gray Bolton, D. D._

                        1906 Pine Street, PHILADELPHIA, Jan. 16, 1897.

  MY DEAR SIR:—I regret that other duties will prevent me from being
  with you on Wednesday, January 20, 1897. I assure you that I am in
  hearty accord with the purpose of your organization. The Irish race
  owe it to themselves and their successors to leave a united history
  of an undivided people in America. One of the noblest
  characteristics of the Irishman is that he is religious, and has
  enough of religion to be willing to fight for it. But God forbid
  that this should in any way hinder in telling the united story of
  our people. The Irish Catholic and the Irish Presbyterian have more
  than once stood together for liberal government in Ireland. And the
  Irish Presbyterian and Irish Catholic stood together here when
  Washington was leading the people from under the yoke of oppressive
  taxation without representation. The Irish-American has a place and
  a name in this glorious country of ours, and as we fought for our
  freedom and then for the Union we will live—and, if need be, fight
  side by side to maintain it.

                                     I am truly yours,
                                                 J. GRAY BOLTON, D. D.


                    _From Rev. John J. McCoy, P. R._

                                        CHICOPEE, Mass., Jan. 3, 1897.

  DEAR SIR:—For some twelve years and more I have been doing some work
  in looking up the records of our people here in New England,
  especially the records of their church building. During that time I
  felt the great need of some such society as you now have in
  intention, and I hail your work as most opportune and useful. Make
  me one of you and kindly tell me what is to be done to have active
  participation in the society’s work.

                                     Truly yours,
                                           (REV.) JNO. J. MCCOY, P. R.

The second meeting of the society was held in accordance with the
following invitation:

  DEAR SIR:—You are hereby notified that the second meeting of the
  American-Irish Historical Society will be held at the Revere House
  in Boston, Mass., Monday evening, April 19, 1897 (the anniversary of
  the battle of Lexington, Concord, and Cambridge).

  There will be a business session of the society at 6.30 P.M.,
  followed, at 7 o’clock, by a dinner and post-prandial exercises
  appropriate to the anniversary.

  At the business session, action will be taken on the completion of
  the constitution and by-laws, the admission of new members, and on
  such other business as may properly come before the meeting.

  The price of dinner tickets has been placed at $1.50 each. They are
  now ready.

  The after-dinner features will include:

    (1) A reading, “Paul Revere’s Ride,” by Mr. Thomas A. Santry, of
    Lawrence, Mass.

    (2) A paper by the Secretary-General on “The Irish Bacons who
    Settled at Dedham, Mass., in 1640,” one of whose descendants, John
    Bacon, was killed April 19, 1775, in the fight at West Cambridge
    (battle of Lexington).

    (3) An address by the Treasurer-General, Hon. John C. Linehan, of
    New Hampshire, on “The Seizure of the Powder at Fort William and
    Mary,” by Maj. John Sullivan and his associates, some of which
    powder was later dealt out to the patriots at Bunker Hill.

    (4) Address by Mr. Edward J. Brandon, city clerk of Cambridge,
    Mass., during which he will read a list of Irish names borne by
    minutemen or militia in the battle of the nineteenth of April,
    when the shot was fired “Heard Round the World.”

    (5) A brief essay by Mr. Joseph Smith, of Lowell, Mass., on “The
    Irishman, Ethnologically Considered.”

  Invitations to attend the dinner have been sent to the town clerks
  and selectmen of Lexington and Concord; also to descendants of the
  patriots who stood on the green at Lexington when Captain Parker
  exclaimed, “Don’t fire unless fired upon.”

  It is earnestly desired that every member of the society who can
  possibly be present at the coming meeting will attend and help make
  the event the great success this patriotic anniversary so richly
  deserves.

  If each member attending the dinner will bring with him at least one
  gentleman as his personal guest, it will add _éclat_ to the occasion
  and may be the means of acquiring a large number of very desirable
  new members for the society.

                Fraternally, and in behalf of the
                        Executive Council of the Society,
                                     THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY,
                                                    Secretary-General.

In response to the foregoing call, some thirty-five or forty gentlemen
assembled at the time and place mentioned. The business meeting was
dispensed with, and the time that would have been so occupied was
devoted to introductions and general conversation.

About 8 o’clock the company proceeded to dinner. Hon. Thomas J. Gargan,
of Boston, presided. Among those present were: John C. Linehan, State
Insurance Commissioner of New Hampshire; Joseph Smith, Secretary of the
Police Commission, Lowell, Mass.; Rev. John J. McCoy, Chicopee, Mass.;
James Jeffrey Roche, Boston, Mass.; Thomas B. Lawler, Worcester, Mass.;
Charles A. De Courcey, Lawrence, Mass.; Rev. George F. Marshall,
Milford, N. H.; Daniel Donovan, Lynn, Mass.; Lawrence J. Smith, Lowell,
Mass.; Thomas Hamilton Murray, Editor of the _Daily Sun_, Lawrence,
Mass.; Edward J. Brandon, City Clerk, Cambridge, Mass.; Thomas A.
Santry, Lawrence, Mass.; P. J. Flatley, Boston, Mass.; Robert A. Woods,
Boston, Mass.; John A. Callahan, Holyoke, Mass.; M. A. Toland, Boston,
Mass.; Dr. Eugene McCarthy, Cambridge, Mass.; Dr. M. F. Sullivan,
Lawrence, Mass.; Edward Arundel, Lawrence, Mass.; Dr. George A. Leahey,
Lowell, Mass.; Capt. P. S. Curry, Lynn, Mass.; E. B. Newhall, Lynn,
Mass.; and several other gentlemen.

In opening the after-dinner exercises, Mr. Gargan referred to the
anniversary on which this meeting is held, and read the following
communication from Rear-Admiral Meade, U. S. N.:

                                220 Winona Ave., GERMANTOWN, Pa.,
                                                        Jan. 26, 1897.

  MY DEAR SIR:—Your note of the 23d informing me that I have been
  unanimously chosen for the office of President-General of the
  American-Irish Historical Society, found me confined to my bed,
  where I have been since the 8th, with a severe attack of grippe. The
  hardships of a long naval career are beginning now to revenge
  themselves on me, and I have to take great care of my health.

  I am, of course, deeply sensible of the honor your society confers
  upon me and shall accept the office with pleasure if you think the
  duties will not try me physically beyond my strength. I am vigorous
  enough for my years, but I am peculiarly sensitive to cold, having
  spent a great part of my naval life in the tropics, and I cannot
  travel about in winter without serious risk to my health.

  I am ready to work in the ranks for the good of the new society as
  cheerfully as at the top. No organization is more needed than the
  one you have completed, and you can count on me to further its
  success.

                                          Very truly yours,
                                                      R. W. MEADE, 3d.

                                           MR. THOMAS H. MURRAY,
                                               Secretary-General, etc.

Letters of regret at inability to attend the meeting were received from
the selectmen of Concord, Mass.; the town clerk of Lexington, Mass.; and
from Governor Hastings, of Pennsylvania; Hon. Theodore Roosevelt, of New
York; Osborne Howes, of Boston; Hon. William McAdoo, of Washington, D.
C.; Augustus St. Gaudens, of New York; Patrick Donahoe, of Boston; the
Very Rev. John Hogan, D. D., president of St. John’s Seminary, Brighton,
Mass.; J. D. O’Connell, of Washington, D. C.; Robert Ellis Thompson, of
Philadelphia; and others.

The addresses mentioned in the call for the meeting were delivered, and
were appreciatively received.

Mr. Murray, in his paper on “The Irish Bacons,” noted that the family
has reflected honor on both Dedham and Needham, as it has on other towns
where representatives of it have resided.

Hon. John C. Linehan read the following paper:


       JOHN SULLIVAN AND THE CAPTURE OF THE POWDER AT NEWCASTLE.

  The province of New Hampshire was among the first to resist the
  unjust exactions of the British government, and, on the authority of
  one of the Royal Councillors, her sons were the very first to commit
  an overt act against it. From the time of its early settlement,
  under the proprietorship of Capt. John Mason, her sturdy colonists
  were bound to appropriate to their own use the first fruits of their
  labors, and, regardless of act of parliament or magisterial edict,
  they were able to accomplish their purpose. Owing to the civil
  dissensions in England between 1640 and 1700, the little band of
  adventurers who had established themselves at “Old Strawberry Bank,”
  as well as their descendants who came after them, were practically,
  so far as the home government was concerned, left to their own
  resources, and obliged to defend themselves as best they could
  against the French and Indians, who were ever on the alert to harass
  and annoy them. The establishment of William of Orange on the
  English throne, and the complete subjugation of those who supported
  the unfortunate James, changed matters, however, and gave the new
  ruler an opportunity to bestow a little of his paternal care on the
  colonists who had so long prospered greatly without it.

  One of his very first acts was to appoint, as governor of New York,
  the Earl of Bellmont, who was a native of Ireland, and a son of Sir
  Charles Coote, who earned an Irish estate fighting for Cromwell.

  Under his administration the heirs of Captain Mason, fortified by a
  proclamation from the king and parliament, endeavored to establish
  their ownership to the property left them in New Hampshire, and,
  although not authorized by the act mentioned to collect arrearages
  of rent from the descendants of the original settlers, little
  progress was made in the collection of any. The men, and the
  children of the men who had for half a century contested every inch
  of New Hampshire soil with the elements, the wild beasts, the
  Indians, and their white allies from Quebec, did not propose to pay
  tribute to the grandchildren of the man whose name was but a
  tradition. The result was the creation of a period in the records of
  New Hampshire, whose history reads strangely like a page from
  Ireland’s annals describing landlord rule.

  For in all parts of the province, and among all classes of people,
  the most determined efforts were made to prevent the impositions of
  the new proprietors. The sheriff and his officers, while engaged in
  the performance of their duties, were often confronted with the axe
  and the musket, and when opportunity offered, the women took a hand
  and tested the efficacy of hot water. The sacred person of the
  governor even was not exempt from insult and assault, for on at
  least one occasion, while endeavoring to shield Captain Mason, the
  grandson of the original proprietor, from one of his irate tenants,
  he was thrown into the fireplace on the burning coals, sat upon,
  three of his ribs broken, two teeth knocked out, and his body
  severely burned.

  William Vaughan, one of the Royal Councillors, and among the most
  influential men in the colony, for an assault upon one of the
  officers of the king, was arrested, and for several years kept in
  confinement.

  The records of the province during this period, as printed in the
  state papers, make very interesting reading. The little rock-ribbed
  province was the northern picket line of New England, and in
  consequence her sons were equally expert with the musket, the axe,
  and the spade.

  That these traits had been transmitted to their descendants is very
  clear, for the construction of the grapevine bridge across the
  Chickahominy in 1862, by the boys of the 5th New Hampshire, as well
  as the record made by the same regiment during the Civil War, is the
  evidence; the axe, the spade, and the rifle figuring in both, as
  they had in the hands of their ancestors at Bunker Hill and
  Bennington nearly a century before. But the demands of Captain Mason
  were not the only grievances. The government was bound to suppress
  any industry in the colonies which would in any way interfere with
  those already in operation at home. An elaborate project had been
  already planned by the Earl of Bellmont, for the production of tar
  and pitch in New Hampshire.

  The home government was paying Denmark one hundred thousand pounds
  annually for these two articles. Both could, with a little
  perseverance and care, be produced on this side of the water, and be
  paid for, not in cash, but in the products of the English mills and
  shops, and in this manner saving the money and finding a new market
  for goods.

  To this end, pine trees were selected and stripped, but before the
  scheme had matured, and the first step taken, the wicked New
  Hampshire men set fire to the trees, and this, with the Indian
  troubles, which were endless, put an end to the tar and pitch
  arrangement. This was not all they did, however. The governor
  claimed that not only did these lawless men of “Old Strawberry Bank”
  cut down the king’s timber which had been reserved for the Royal
  Navy, but that they had sawn it up into deals, and actually sold it
  to the enemies of the government, in the French and Spanish West
  Indies; and that no less a person than the Lieutenant-Governor of
  New Hampshire was engaged in the business, and not only engaged in
  it, but had boasted of his profits, and thus incited others to go
  and do likewise. He next tried to introduce the cultivation of flax,
  but this was a failure, labor costing three times here what it would
  in Ireland. This paternal care of the government continued under
  William’s successors. In 1749 an act of parliament, while
  encouraging the production of pig and bar iron, absolutely forbade
  its manufacture, and to carry its terms into effect, proclamation
  was made by the provincial sheriffs, and an inquiry as to the number
  of mills and forges in the province was instituted by the governor,
  to the end that steps might be taken to have them discontinued. With
  such an experience as this extending over three-quarters of a
  century, the people of New Hampshire were not only in sympathy with
  their fellow-countrymen in the other colonies, but stood ready as
  well to coöperate in any movement having for its object the welfare
  of the people as against the government.

[Illustration:

  THOMAS DUNN ENGLISH
  NEWARK, N. J.
]

[Illustration:

  ROBERT ELLIS THOMPSON
  PHILADELPHIA, PA.
]

[Illustration:

  FRANCIS C. TRAVERS
  NEW YORK CITY
]

[Illustration:

  T. RUSSELL SULLIVAN
  BOSTON, MASS.
]

                          EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

  At a meeting held in Portsmouth on Dec. 16, 1773, one of the
  resolutions adopted was, “That every virtuous and public-spirited
  freeman ought to oppose, to the utmost of his ability, every attack
  of the ministry to enslave the Americans.” Five months later, on May
  19, 1774, a committee of the town of Portsmouth sent their
  sympathies to the people of Boston on the closing of their port, and
  for their fellow-townsmen, promised to exert themselves to carry
  into effect any plan which might be concerted by the colonies for
  the general relief, and that the interests of the people of Boston
  would be considered as their own.

  From this time to the departure of the royal governor forever, it
  was a game of battledoor and shuttlecock between his excellency and
  the general assembly; the latter energetic and firm; the former
  diplomatic, but cautious and watchful, and ever on the alert to
  subserve the interest of the home government.

  To this end he refused at first to adjourn the assembly in May,
  1774, but finally acceded to the request of the members, and an
  adjournment was made to June 12 of the same year. Meantime the
  excitement increased; events at home and abroad intensifying the
  feeling against the government.

  At the adjourned meeting in May, the House of Representatives, in
  common with the assemblies of the other colonies, had appointed a
  committee of correspondence. This Governor Wentworth tried to
  prevent, and when he dissolved the assembly he was fain to believe
  the committee of correspondence would disappear with it.

  In this he was disappointed, for its very first act after the
  dissolution of the assembly was to issue a summons to the
  representatives, who again met in their own chamber. The governor,
  attended by the sheriff of the county, entered, and in accordance
  with custom they rose when he presented himself. He addressed them,
  declaring the meeting illegal, and directed the sheriff to make
  proclamation accordingly, ordering all to disperse. He then retired,
  but they resumed their seats.

  On further consideration they adjourned to another house, where it
  was resolved to hold a convention at Exeter, which should choose
  delegates to the General Congress to meet in Philadelphia, and to
  that end, letters were sent to each town and parish in the colony,
  inviting the people therein to send deputies to the Provincial
  Congress. The last business transacted by the representatives was to
  recommend a day of fasting and prayer to be observed by the people
  of the province. According to Belknap, this was observed with
  religious solemnity. A request was made at the same time for funds
  to defray the expenses of the delegates to the Continental Congress,
  and this was promptly responded to.

  The convention called at Exeter assembled on July 21, 1774, and is
  now known in history as the “First Provincial Congress” of New
  Hampshire. There were eighty-five members present, with the speaker
  of the assembly, Hon. John Wentworth, a relative of the governor in
  the chair.

  This distinguished body, composed of the best men in the province,
  many of whom had seen service in the French and Indian wars, and who
  can justly be styled the founders of the state, chose for their
  first representatives to the Continental Congress Maj. John Sullivan
  and Col. Nathaniel Folsom; and for the first time in the history of
  his native state does the name of John Sullivan officially make its
  appearance in its legislative records. It is evident to any one who
  has read closely the history of the stirring events of the period
  that some master hand was at work directing all the movements, civil
  and military, occurring at the time; and that this was the hand of
  John Sullivan later events prove clearly. The son of an Irish exile,
  and the grandson of one of the ill-fated defenders of Limerick, he
  was born in Somersworth, N. H., at a point opposite Berwick, Me., on
  February 18, 1740.

  He was educated by his father, who had himself enjoyed the benefits
  of a liberal and thorough training before he settled in America, and
  who, through a long life, extending to his one hundred and fifth
  year, was diligently employed in the education of youth. After a
  voyage to the West Indies he became a member of the family of Hon.
  Isaac Livermore, a lawyer of Portsmouth having an extensive
  practice, and under his instruction prepared himself for his
  profession. He early exhibited ability of a high order, gained the
  respect and encouragement of his instructor, and soon acquired a
  distinguished position at the bar of New Hampshire. Just before
  reaching his majority he located in the town of Durham, purchased a
  handsome residence, which is still in existence, and in which he
  lived up to the time of his death. Such was his professional
  success, that he married at the age of twenty, and for ten years
  later he was constantly employed in the most lucrative causes,
  thereby incurring the resentment of sundry persons in Durham and
  elsewhere, who petitioned the executive council in 1766, complaining
  of him for evil practices as attorney-at-law. This trouble, whatever
  its nature may have been, existed even to the end of his days, and
  was doubtless at the bottom of the scheme to injure his reputation
  years after his death; for to this day there are some who would rob
  him of the credit given him in the state records for planning the
  capture of the powder at Newcastle and leading the party that
  effected it.

  In eloquence as an advocate he won a place in the front rank, and
  earned the reputation of being a sound lawyer and a judicious
  counsellor. This character was not confined to his native state, for
  in addition to the friendship of men like the Wentworths and
  Langdons in New Hampshire, he had secured the esteem and respect of
  Lowell, Adams, Otis, and other well-known legal lights in
  Massachusetts. Although attached to his profession, he found time to
  devote to agriculture and manufactures, being one of the early
  promoters of the latter, establishing cloth and fulling mills in
  Durham, and succeeding so well that on the authority of John Adams
  he was worth ten thousand pounds before the Revolution broke out.
  From his father and mother he inherited a robust constitution, and
  was blessed with an active, lively disposition. He had a natural
  taste for military life, but except an occasional bout with the
  Indians, generally on the defensive, he had, before the
  Revolutionary War, no actual experience in warfare; but all around
  him were the veterans of the Indian and French wars, whose
  descriptions of the campaigns of Louisburg and Quebec aroused all
  the martial spirit in his fiery nature.

  To his historical studies, especially those relating to military
  movements, he was greatly devoted; and read them to such good
  purpose that he was able accurately to describe nearly all of the
  great battles of the world. It was natural, therefore, for him to
  seek the exercise of arms early; so at the age of thirty-one he held
  the commission of major in the Colonial militia, and spared no pains
  to make himself familiar with the duties connected with the
  position. From the first rumble of discontent, down to the actual
  outbreak of hostilities, he was one of the most active men engaged
  in the cause of liberty. His nature and his abhorrence of
  oppression, two traits transmitted by generations of heroic
  ancestors, marked his career from the beginning, and his extended
  influence and popularity marked him early as a leader in the coming
  contest. With a full realization of what was before him he organized
  a company numbering eighty-three men in Durham, and associated with
  him was the gallant young Scammell, who was then a law student in
  his office. With a knowledge of these facts it is not too much to
  say, especially when comparing them with the events occurring
  afterwards, that the “hidden hand” which directed the movements of
  the patriots in New Hampshire, down to the convening of the First
  Provincial Congress in July, 1774, was that of the grandson of the
  Limerick soldier, who, in little less than a century from the broken
  treaty, was paying with interest the debt due the government which
  had driven his father to the wilds of America. He was chosen by the
  First Provincial Congress to represent his province in the
  Continental Congress, being the first person to represent New
  Hampshire in that body. Two instances will be sufficient to show his
  energy and usefulness in that assemblage. On qualifying, he was at
  once placed on two of the most important committees, of one of
  which, that upon the grievances of the people, he was chairman.

  “The committee of violation of rights,” says John Adams in his
  diary, “reported a set of articles which were drawn by John
  Sullivan, of New Hampshire; and these two declarations, the one of
  rights and the other of violations, which are printed in the
  journals of Congress for 1774, were two years afterwards
  recapitulated in the Declaration of Independence on the 4th of July,
  1776.”

  “New Hampshire has perhaps not remembered that the bold hand and the
  legal training of John Sullivan are in the immortal Declaration of
  Independence.”

  On the adjournment of Congress, Sullivan returned to New Hampshire.
  During his absence the agitation had increased; nearly every town
  had its committee of safety, and many persons of note, suspected of
  a leaning towards the government, placed under arrest and kept in
  confinement, or sent out of the state, unless they took the test
  oath prescribed by the Assembly. Steps were also taken to prevent
  the sending of carpenters and other mechanics to Boston to build
  barracks for the royal troops, as men could not be secured there for
  that purpose. In one instance a man suspected of procuring workmen
  for General Gage, was waited on, and the charge being proven, he was
  obliged to go on his knees, as nothing less would be satisfactory,
  and make the following confession and promise:

  “Before this company I confess I have been aiding and assisting in
  sending men to Boston to build barracks for the soldiers to live in,
  at which you have reason to be justly offended, which I am sorry for
  and humbly ask your forgiveness. And I do affirm that for the future
  I never will be aiding or assisting in any wise whatever, in act or
  deed contrary to the constitution of the country, as witness my
  hand.”

  The military stores in Fort William and Mary at Newcastle were a
  constant source of anxiety to the governor, but he felt confident
  that no lawless act would be committed by the people without
  provocation, and as he was cautious in his course, no pretext could
  be found in that direction, but the inevitable was to happen. A
  report was circulated that General Gage was to send a body of troops
  to secure the ammunition.

  The arrival of Paul Revere from Boston gave color to the rumor, and
  on the day following, armed men from the surrounding towns assembled
  in Portsmouth, and after effecting an organization and choosing
  their leaders, marched in broad daylight, to the number of four
  hundred, for Newcastle. On arriving at the fort the commander bade
  them to enter at their peril. No heed being paid to his words, one
  volley was fired from the three-pounders in position, but before the
  guns could be reloaded the walls were scaled and the fort captured
  at three o’clock P.M. on Dec. 14, 1774. The result was the
  possession of one hundred barrels of powder, sixty muskets, sixteen
  cannon, and other valuable stores.

  In his letter to General Gage informing him of the event, Governor
  Wentworth said, “The principal persons in this enormity are well
  known.”

  He mentioned no names, but a little over two years later Peter
  Livius, who was at the time of the capture, one of the Provincial
  Councillors, wrote thus to John Sullivan in June, 1777: “You were
  the first man in active rebellion, and drew with you the province
  you live in. You will be one of the first sacrifices to the
  resentment and justice of government; your family will be ruined and
  you must die with ignominy.”

  Belknap wrote that “Maj. John Sullivan and John Langdon
  distinguished themselves as leaders in this affair.” Adams, in his
  annals of Portsmouth, said it occurred “under the direction of Maj.
  John Sullivan and Capt. John Langdon.”

  Sullivan himself said: “When I returned from Congress in 1774, and
  saw the order of the British king and council prohibiting military
  stores being sent to this country, I took alarm, clearly perceiving
  the designs of the British ministry, and wrote several pieces upon
  the necessity of securing military stores, which pieces were
  published in several papers.” Quint said: “Sullivan, bold and
  daring, then an active member of the Continental Congress, and well
  known throughout the province by his leadership at the bar, had
  great influence. The seizure of the munitions at the fort, though
  sudden at last, was doubtless not without previous thought. The
  result of this act was momentous. It was the first act of armed
  rebellion. It preceded Concord and Lexington by four months of time.
  The captors of the fort entered it against the fire of fieldpieces
  and muskets openly, and in daylight they pulled down the royal flag,
  the first time in American history. They gave three cheers in honor
  of their success. They carried off a hundred barrels of gunpowder,
  some light guns and small arms which, under the care of Sullivan,
  were taken up the river, which was at that time covered with thick
  ice, through which a channel had to be cut.”

  This bold and audacious act was deeply felt in Great Britain.
  Conciliation was now out of the question. The king’s anger was
  aroused. It was already bitter enough on account of the
  Massachusetts troubles. Governor Wentworth issued threatening
  proclamations.

  He dismissed the offending major and captain from their posts in the
  militia. In answer to his edict all persons in Durham holding civil
  or military positions under the governor, headed by Sullivan,
  assembled at the tavern on the green, and there publicly burned
  their commissions and insignia of office. There was no further need
  of secrecy. The die was cast and the leaders were well known. The
  official positions, civil or military, held by many of those who
  were principals in the affair, obliged them, up to this time, to act
  with caution. After the burning, not of his ships, but of his
  commission, Sullivan boldly stepped to the front. The very next day
  after the capture of the powder he headed a body of men numbering
  between three and four hundred from Durham and the adjoining towns,
  and, marching to the Council Chamber, demanded an answer to the
  question as to whether or not there were any ships or troops
  expected here, or if the governor had written for any.

  His excellency meekly answered: “I know of none.”

  The greater part of the powder was stored in the basement of the
  meeting-house in Durham. The balance, for safety, was distributed in
  several places, some of it going to Exeter. That stored at Durham,
  as well as another portion placed with Capt. John Demerritt, was
  taken by the latter in his own ox-cart, under Sullivan’s direction,
  to Cambridge, where it arrived barely in time to be dealt out to the
  troops at Bunker Hill. Of how much value it was there and how badly
  it was needed, is too well known to bear repetition. Without it and
  lacking the men from the old Granite State accompanying it, Bunker
  Hill would not have been such a serious affair for the British army.

  In claiming the leadership for Sullivan in this affair there is no
  desire to extol him at the expense of those with whom he was
  associated,—men like Langdon, Weare, Bartlett, Thornton, Scammell,
  Thompson, Folsom, Wentworth, Gilman, and others whose names are now
  household words. The position was freely conceded by them at the
  time, and acknowledged by the best informed to-day. After the
  Lexington fight, and while Sullivan was in attendance at the Second
  Continental Congress, the gallant young Scammell, who was in his
  office in Durham, wrote him that, “when the horrid din of civil
  carnage surprised us on the 20th of April, the universal cry was
  ‘Oh, if Major Sullivan was here!’ ‘I wish to God Major Sullivan was
  here!’ ran through the distressed multitude.”

  Capt. Eleazer Bennett, who died in Durham in 1852, at the age of one
  hundred and one, said “that at the time of the capture of the powder
  he was in the employment of General Sullivan, at his mill at
  Packer’s Falls, when word was brought in to come down to Durham, to
  go to Portsmouth, and to get anybody else he could to come with
  him.” So far as he could remember, the following persons were with
  him: Maj. John Sullivan, Capt. Winborn Adams, Ebenezer Thompson,
  John Demerritt, Alpheus and Jonathan Chesley, John Spencer, Micah
  Davis, Isaac and Benjamin Small, Alexander Scammell, John Griffin,
  James Underwood, and Eben Sullivan, the major’s brother.

  On arriving at Portsmouth they were joined by John Langdon with
  another party. They captured the fort, took the captain and bound
  him, and frightened away the soldiers. In the fort they found one
  hundred casks of powder and one hundred small arms. A portion of
  the powder was taken by Major Demerritt to his house in Madbury,
  but most of it was stored under the pulpit of the meeting-house in
  Durham. On July 19, 1775, as a final proof of Sullivan’s
  leadership in this movement, Matthew Patten, chairman of the
  committee of safety for the county of Hillsborough, wrote to
  General Sullivan congratulating him on his appointment to the rank
  of Brigadier-General, in which he said: “An appointment which, as
  it distinguishes your merit, so at the same time it reflects honor
  upon, and shows the penetrating discernment of those truly eminent
  patriots from whom you received it; nor are we less sanguine in
  our expectations of the high advantages which must result under
  God to the public by your military skill and courage, as you have
  been indefatigable in attaining the first, and have given a recent
  instance of the latter, to your great honor and reputation, in
  depriving our enemies of the means of annoying us at Castle
  William and Mary, and at the same time furnishing us with
  materials to defend our invaluable rights and privileges. This,
  sir, must ever be had in remembrance, and (amongst the actions of
  others, our heroes of 1775) handed to the latest posterity. That
  the Almighty may direct your counsels, be with you in the day of
  battle, and that you may be preserved as a pattern to this people
  for many years to come, is our frequent prayer.” In Sullivan’s
  reply he said: “It gives me great pleasure to find so respectable
  a number of the worthy sons of freedom, in the colony to which I
  belong, have so publicly given their approbation of my conduct in
  assisting to secure the warlike stores at Fort William and Mary,
  and thereby preventing these evils which must have resulted from
  our enemies having possession of them.”

  Nothing further need be said regarding the value of the powder
  captured on this occasion, or the boldness of the act itself. At
  Lexington and Concord the British were the aggressors, the Americans
  acting on the defensive; but at Newcastle the Americans were the
  aggressors, made the attack boldly in the open day, and as Quint
  said, “for the first time in American history the British flag was
  torn down by men in armed rebellion.” John Sullivan’s history is
  well known. He and his three brothers gave their best services to
  the land of their birth, and in memory of those services the state
  of New Hampshire erected a monument of Concord granite on the site
  of the church in Durham, under which was stored the powder, and in
  the presence of the governor, council, and other officials, state
  and national, and a large concourse of people on Thursday, Sept. 27,
  1894, the one hundredth anniversary of his death, dedicated it with
  appropriate exercises. The inscription reads:

                              IN MEMORY OF
                             JOHN SULLIVAN.


                         _Born Feb. 17, 1740._
                         _Died Jan. 23, 1795._

             Erected by the State of New Hampshire upon the
               site of the Meeting-house under which was
                    stored the gunpowder taken from
                         Fort William and Mary.

  The tributes paid to Sullivan’s worth on this occasion by every one
  of the speakers were ungrudging and hearty. Professor Murkland said:
  “This may never become a large community, but it will always be
  exalted by its association with John Sullivan, lawyer, soldier,
  statesman, and judge.

  “The plain granite shaft, inadequate as it may appear, will yet
  serve, when we shall have been forgotten, to recall the life of one
  who served his country so bravely and so well that he made slander
  dumb and malice impotent.”

  Gov. John B. Smith said: “It is no invidious distinction to say that
  of all the New Hampshire men of the Revolutionary period Sullivan
  was not only peer, he was preëminently chief. His life is a part of
  the country’s history, and now, by virtue of my office (an office I
  am all the more proud to hold because John Sullivan filled and
  honored it), I accept these grounds from the town of Durham, and
  this monument from the committee in behalf of the state.”

  O’Meara said:

         “Your deeds for all the land that hold your fame
         Shall link you now to love New Hampshire’s name,
         While throbs high manhood round her glistening hills—
         While patriot gleam or pristine glory thrills.”

  Dr. Quint said: “To John Sullivan, the man who in all the American
  provinces was the first to take up arms against the king, New
  Hampshire erects this monument of native granite.”

  Professor Hadley said: “Washington’s never-failing trust and
  ever-affectionate respect are of themselves sufficient to prove
  their possessor’s title clear to proud historic praise; and
  Sullivan’s name does belong of right to that choice list of eminent
  commanders which bears such other names as Greene and Knox, Steuben
  and Stark.”

  Senator Chandler said: “John Sullivan was one of the finest
  characters of the Revolution. A great general, and as a lawyer, a
  legislator, a statesman, a governor, and a judge, ranked among the
  very greatest men of the Revolutionary period. The luster in our
  annals of the gift to our early glories, bestowed by Ireland in
  sending to us the family of Sullivan, will never be obliterated or
  forgotten.”

  Senator Blair said: “There is no sphere of public life in which he
  was not eminent, nor of private life in which he was not influential
  and beloved. The whole list of Revolutionary worthies does not
  furnish one name which, on the whole, shines more resplendently in
  all the great department of public service than that of John
  Sullivan.”

  Hon. Henry M. Baker said: “The influence of such a life never dies.
  Seldom is it the fortune of any one to serve his country in such
  diverse yet responsible positions as General Sullivan held and
  honored. Still more rare to discharge every duty with such great
  energy and ability.”

  Gov. Frederick Smythe said: “Wherever the rights of man are
  recognized, and so long as government by the people shall endure,
  the name of John Sullivan must be one of the imperishable, of those
  who were not born to die.”

  Col. Daniel Hall said: “Sullivan is worthy of lasting commemoration
  as one of the most serviceable of the men it was New Hampshire’s
  great honor to contribute to the cause of American Independence.”

  Secretary of State Stearns wrote: “Sullivan was a born leader of
  men, and preëminently a man for Revolutionary times. He was not a
  slave to ancient forms and customs, ruthlessly trampling upon the
  traditions of his time. He boldly assaulted the conservative
  barriers that confined the people of New Hampshire within the pale
  of accustomed usage.

  “He early declared for a free government for a free people. In the
  march of events, when the people reached his early standpoint, the
  Constitution of 1776 was drafted on the line of his suggestions.”

  “It is a century since the life of Sullivan was ended, and the
  qualities of his character and the magnitude of his work were
  submitted to the generous estimate of his fellow-men. His fame with
  the lapse of time suffers no impairment. A brilliant and an
  accomplished civilian, a distinguished lawyer, a matchless orator, a
  brave and an able general, a senator, a magistrate, and a governor,
  he bore his accumulating honors with modesty, and served the state
  which he loved with the restless power of a vigorous and versatile
  mind. The study of his life is instructive. Through the vista,
  obscured by a century, we read the story of his time in the light of
  the undimmed luster of his achievements.”

[Illustration:

  REV. GEORGE W. PEPPER
  OHIO
]

[Illustration:

  VERY REV. ANDREW MORRISSEY
  INDIANA
]

[Illustration:

  COL. O’BRIEN MOORE
  WEST VIRGINIA
]

[Illustration:

  JOSEPH T. LAWLESS
  VIRGINIA
]

                            VICE-PRESIDENTS

  With tributes like these from the men who were associated with John
  Sullivan in the struggle for independence, as well as from their
  descendants who participated in the dedication of the monument to
  his memory, we, who are members of the American-Irish Historical
  Society, can well be proud of the character and the services of
  Maj.-Gen. John Sullivan.

Edward J. Brandon, Esq., city clerk of Cambridge, read the following
paper:

  On a certain April morning, one hundred and twenty-two years ago,
  Samuel Adams prophetically remarked, “What a glorious morning is
  this!” and, as I stand here, I cannot restrain the feeling that the
  shade of that illustrious and honored American makes use of the
  expression with much greater emphasis to-day.

  For the accomplishments of his country during the past four
  generations, her marvelous strides in acquiring and attaining a
  potent position among the world’s nations, the tremendous
  development of her magnificent natural resources, the genius and
  perseverance displayed by her children, the prosperity and
  importance of her institutions, the advance of her people in
  culture, the triumph of her principles of democracy, with its lesson
  to the world that “the people can be trusted with their own,” are
  surely causes for congratulation and satisfaction. And all this
  reality dates from an incident comparatively slight in the world’s
  history, but which is an important epoch in the story of America.

  The period of resistance by the Colonies to British tyranny
  antedates April 19, 1775, by many years, but the culmination of a
  series of oppressive acts was realized on that day, and in the
  exciting events preceding and following the fight at Concord and
  Lexington, the town of Cambridge acted well its part, and
  contributed its blood and treasure to the common weal.

  All Cambridge knows and feels a glow of patriot’s pride in the
  Declaration of Independence of the people of Cambridge, made months
  in advance of the Declaration of the Continental Congress, when the
  town instructed its representative that if the Provincial Congress
  should for the safety of the Colonies declare them independent of
  the Kingdom of Great Britain, “we, the said inhabitants, will
  solemnly engage with our lives and fortunes to support them in the
  measure.”

  In all the preliminary work of the period Cambridge was active and
  conspicuous, and the animosity aroused by the opposition of her
  citizens doubtless inspired the hatred of the retreating soldiery of
  Britain, and caused the shocking brutality which has been told and
  so often retold. But the history of the time records all these
  events, and it is needless for me to recite them.

  The British troops landed at Lechmere Point on the night of April
  18, and marched across the marshes to the Milk Row Road in
  Charlestown, now Somerville, thence by Beech Street and the present
  Massachusetts Avenue to Menotomy, Lexington, and Concord. Captain
  Thatcher and his Cambridge men were among the first to rally for the
  public safety, and the militia of Cambridge improved the opportunity
  to attest its loyalty to principle. The muster roll shows that they
  marched on the alarm, and did service as far as Concord.

  Paige, Cambridge’s historian, tells us that from Lexington line to
  Beech Street the passage of the British troops in retreat was
  “through a flame of fire.” Despite the fact that the conflict of
  this day is generally known as Concord Fight or Lexington Battle,
  the carnage in Cambridge was greater than in any other place,
  greater than in all others combined; for, according to Rev. Samuel
  Abbott Smith, in his address at West Cambridge, “at least twenty-two
  of the Americans, and more than twice that number of the British,
  fell at West Cambridge.”

  Of the fierceness of the conflict we can to-day present ocular
  proof. The large number of bullet holes in the house then owned by
  Jacob Watson, some of which may be seen at this time, is one
  indication of the amount of fighting done in Cambridge; while the
  spoliation of Cooper’s Tavern in Menotomy and the Memorial stones
  all along the line of march teach the heat and bitterness of the
  strife. In our ancient burial ground, by which Lord Percy’s
  battalion marched to the relief, will be found a neat granite
  monument over the remains of John Hicks, William Marcy, and Moses
  Richardson, and in memory of these and of Jason Russell, Jabez
  Wyman, Jason Winship, buried at Menotomy—men of Cambridge who fell
  in defense of the liberty of the people.

  These things are the inspiration which the Cambridge boy and girl
  breathe at every step, impelling influences to love of country and
  fearlessness in her defense.

  The _Journal of the Provincial Congress_ estimates the loss of
  property in Lexington at £1761, in Cambridge at £1202, and in
  Concord at £274.

  But when we consider these exciting events of that memorable day and
  read the stories of individual heroism, we feel a particular pride
  that our race was permitted to be a factor in the great result. It
  would be to us a matter of sincere regret if Ireland, who had
  contributed so much that was noble and sublime to the military
  history of other nations, had been deprived of the opportunity to
  manifest her sympathy by active participation in the “Lexington
  Fight.” More especially as the feeling of the people of Ireland was
  well known to Britain and Britain’s rulers, as is evident from the
  records of the House of Parliament in 1775, where it is of record
  that Governor Johnstone, in the debate at the opening of the session
  used these words:

  “I maintain that the sense of the best and wisest men of the country
  is on the side of the Americans; that three to one of the people of
  Ireland are on their side; that the soldiers and sailors feel an
  unwillingness to service; that you will never find the same exertion
  of spirit in this as in other wars. I am well informed that the four
  field officers in the four regiments now going from Ireland have
  desired leave to retire or sell out.”

  Again, Mr. George Washington Parke Custis, the adopted son of
  Washington, says that Ireland contributed men to the Continental
  Army at the rate of 100 to 1 of any nation before the coming of the
  French. General Lee—Light Horse Harry—said that one-half of the
  Continental Army was derived from Ireland. It is an undoubted fact
  that two hundred and fifty soldiers served in the Revolutionary War
  who bore the Christian name of Patrick. It is also undoubted that
  the rolls of the soldiers who served at Bunker Hill contained over
  one hundred and fifty typical Irish names. Verplank referred to the
  services of Irishmen in the Revolutionary War in these words: “Both
  in that glorious struggle for independence and in our more recent
  contest for American rights, England’s penal laws gave to America
  the support of hundreds of thousands of brave hearts and strong
  arms.” I might repeat many more instances did the time permit.
  Sufficient to say that the opportunity was accorded to Ireland’s
  sons to do glorious work in the first conflict of the Revolution.

  Cullen says: “The Irish came into the full light of colonial history
  at Lexington and Concord. The cry of Paul Revere roused them to take
  their share in the defense of the common cause. Among them was Hugh
  Cargill, the Ballyshannon man. To his prompt response Concord owed
  the safety of her records.”

  Rev. Mr. Maccarty is heard from in Worcester on that eventful
  morning of April 19, 1775. Lincoln’s history of Worcester states
  that as the minutemen were paraded on the green, under Capt. Timothy
  Bigelow, a fervent prayer was offered up by Rev. Mr. Maccarty, after
  which they took up their line of march.

  “Another prominent name in the accounts of Concord and Lexington is
  Dr. Thomas Welsh, who was army surgeon to the patriots. He it was
  who met brave Dr. Joseph Warren as he rode through Charlestown at
  about 10 o’clock on the morning of that April day.”

  With the evidence of participation indisputable, cannot we of Irish
  lineage feel the glory of this day as our own right, purchased by
  the self-sacrificing effort of our predecessors?

  And can we not, in fullest measure, in dwelling on the great and
  famous events of April 19, 1775, exclaim with America’s noble son,
  “Thank God, I also am an American!”

  Cullen (pp. 86, 88) gives the following names found on the rolls of
  minutemen at that period:

                          Joseph Burke,
                          Richard Burke,
                          Daniel Carey,
                          Joseph Carey,
                          Peter Carey,
                          Patrick Carroll,
                          Joseph Carroll,
                          Cornelius Cockran,
                          Daniel Connors,
                          William Connors,
                          James Dempsey,
                          Philip Donahue,
                          Joseph Donnell,
                          John Donnelly,
                          Andrew Dunnigan,
                          John Farley,
                          Michael Farley,
                          John Flood,
                          William Flood,
                          John Foley,
                          Matthew Gilligen,
                          Richard Gilpatrick,
                          James Gleason,
                          Daniel Griffin,
                          Joseph Griffin,
                          John Hacket,
                          Joseph Hacket,
                          John Haley,
                          John Kelly,
                          Patrick Kelly,
                          Peter Kelly,
                          Richard Kelly,
                          Stephen Kelly,
                          Daniel Lary,
                          John McCarty,
                          Michael McDonnell,
                          Henry McGonegal,
                          John McGrah,
                          Daniel McGuire,
                          Patrick McKeen,
                          John McMullen,
                          John Madden,
                          Daniel Mahon,
                          James Mallone,
                          John Mahoney,
                          John Murphy,
                          Patrick Newjent,
                          Patrick O’Brien,
                          Richard O’Brien,
                          Daniel Shay,
                          John Shea,
                          John Walsh,
                          Joseph Walsh.

Joseph Smith, Esq., of Lowell, read the following paper on “The Irishman
Ethnologically Considered.”

  It is almost as hopeless a task to define an Irishman as it is to
  give the dimensions of a perfume; for the Irishman is as evasive and
  delusive, as pervasive and variable in type and character as the
  sweetness rising from the glowing bed of flowers.

  If this society is to have a logical and reasonable plea for
  existence, if its title of American-Irish is to mean anything, we
  must reach some solid basis upon which to build our fabric; we must
  agree upon an acceptable definition of what is an Irishman.

  This is what I shall try to do rather than attempt to show the
  ethnical components that enter into the Irishman. I have gone past
  the point in my speculations and theories on the Irishman where I
  place much stress upon the racial elements that go to make the Irish
  nation. We must start with these facts—the race and the nation are
  two distinctly different things; the terms Celtic and Irish are not
  synonymous.

  I will state, so as to avoid the polemics of ethnology, just a few
  facts upon which all people are agreed, to explain why I attach so
  little importance to the merely racial elements that go to make up a
  nation. The islands of Ireland and Great Britain were at one time
  peopled by the one race which was known variously as the Celtic,
  Cymric, and Gaelic. By emigration, conquest, settlement, slavery,
  and intermarriage, and all those causes that mix races, Dane, Norse,
  German, Norman-French, Dutch, French, Walloon, and Flemish were
  mingled and intermingled with the original race, the constituent
  elements varying with time, place, and circumstances. So we have
  to-day in Ireland, Scotland, Wales, and England four distinct
  peoples different in characteristics, temperaments, thought, and
  methods, peoples made up practically from the very same elements. As
  the different sections of Great Britain are separated by purely
  artificial frontiers, they do not differ as profoundly as do the
  people of Ireland from those of the neighboring island. We observe
  in this republic people who claim a direct descent from English and
  other stocks producing a people as widely separated in thought,
  ideals, and physical appearance, and other distinctive features from
  the stock of the old countries as the Russian is from the Spaniard.

  It is clear to me that there are other and more potent elements that
  make and differentiate peoples than mere racial admixtures.

  The Irish, though speaking the English tongue and living under laws
  foreign to the instincts of the people, are a nation apart from the
  English, hating intensely the tie that binds them, out of sympathy
  with English ideas, ambitions, religions, and methods; and yet they
  are both the product of the same racial elements, the alleged
  preponderance of the Celt in the Irish being largely a matter of
  doubt and speculation.

  What is it, then, that makes this tremendous difference in the two
  nations? What were the forces that were at work to produce from the
  same ingredients such profoundly different results? That is the
  question we must answer; and in answering it we will reach the basic
  idea of this society. Let me try and answer it in my way, and
  endeavor to show as simply as possible what an Irishman is.

  There are in England as well as in America, among that class that
  for lack of a better term we must call Celtophobes, those who have
  an original if unsatisfactory and unscientific way of answering this
  question which adds to the accumulation of their stolen laurels and
  seems to afford them much satisfaction. If an Irishman break the
  record in science, art, literature, or any department of human
  activity, he is at once classed as an Englishman in England, an
  American in America; if, however, he merely break the Decalogue, the
  law, a bank, or his mother’s heart, he must perforce be an Irishman.
  This differentiation will not do for us, however.

  There are some things we must remember, for our work has to bear the
  closest scrutiny and the most searching criticism.

  The characteristics which we deem essentially Irish are not
  distinctly Irish; they are merely more widely distributed among the
  Irish. Wit, humor, poesy, melancholy, loyalty to faith and
  fatherland, patience under trial and hardship, daring in adventure,
  valor in battle,—these are found in all lands, among all peoples,
  though the Irish have displayed them so conspicuously in all the
  centuries that some, aye, many of our own people have come to regard
  them as exclusively theirs. While good blood will tell and bad, we
  must look to other things, we must consider other causes than race
  and blood, if we are to understand the workings of a mysterious
  Deity and learn how he makes nations and differentiates peoples.

  The crude ore lies in the mines of the hills all over the earth,
  potential in its possibilities, yet heavy, dull, inert, awaiting the
  day when man shall dig it from its hiding place, try it in the fires
  of the furnace, beat it on the anvil and transform it into the
  polished rail that ties together the ends of civilization, that will
  shape it into the massive engine that carries the fruits of industry
  and commerce to the uttermost parts of the world, that moulds it
  into the type and press that spreads intelligence and frees the
  soul, and that fashions it into the sword that frees the slave. And
  as the ore, so is man; he must be tried in the fires to be re-made
  for the work he is to do. The elements lie everywhere; circumstances
  and conditions weld and mould him into nations. He may creep on into
  the centuries dull, heavy, oppressed, carrying the thrall of the
  master, content that he shall eat and drink and sleep in the peace
  of ignorance, content that his master shall do his thinking and
  fighting, heedless who the master is, for the hands of all are
  heavy; taking his religion and his lot from him who rules and
  starves him.

  Others there are who have lived for centuries watching the tide of
  civilization and the higher life sweep by them, too hotly engaged in
  the struggle of life and death to snatch the prizes as they go by.
  Such a land for the long centuries has been Ireland. Seven hundred
  years has Ireland felt the edge of the sword, and for seven
  centuries she has shown the naked breast and empty hand to the
  oppressor, beaten but unsubdued.

  Into the fires of hate and oppression, into the hell of battle and
  persecution, into the _inferno_ of famine, misgovernment, robbery,
  torture, and all the evils that cold, deliberate malice and
  wickedness could invent, Celt and Saxon, Norman and French, Dane and
  Norse, Englishman and Scotchman were thrown, to be fused and
  mingled, that, in the cooling, God might draw from the ashes the
  Irishman.

  In all those long dark centuries his courage never failed, his hope
  never dimmed, his faith in God never faltered; he never acknowledged
  the right of might; he accepted nothing from the man who boasted
  himself the conqueror of him who is to-day unconquered; he believed
  the day would come, and it is coming, when the forces of evil would
  sink beneath the scorn of the world.

  In this terrible school the Irishman was made; here was learned the
  infinite patience of his kind; here was bred that mental alertness,
  that wit and humor, tinged with the melancholy the world calls
  typical; here he drank into his blood the courage and flame and
  battle, that marches him to death with a song and a laugh; here
  every fiber and tissue of his elemental parts were made over, and
  upon the green sod, that blood-soaked soil, he preserved the virtues
  of the man who lives with God and nature.


                         THIS IS THE IRISHMAN.

  The man born on Irish soil, breathing Irish air, drinking in the
  beauty of the hills and vales and streams and loughs of Ireland,
  listening to whispering winds of Irish seas, hearing the story and
  legend of the Irish days long gone, his heart and soul responding to
  the hopes of those around him, be his father English or Norman,
  Scotch or Welsh, Dane or Norse, French or Dutch, that man will grow
  into an Irishman. This is the verdict of history; this is the
  experience of seven centuries. Let them come from where they will,
  those who plunge into the Irish Lethe emerge on the other bank
  Irishmen, better betimes than the son of the older race, more Irish
  than the Irish.

  Conditions, climate, environment are more potent than blood; they
  are the instruments with which God works. The normal man born on
  Irish soil and growing to manhood on it is an Irishman. Carry him to
  the most remote quarter of the earth, and he is still Irish, and his
  children even to the tenth generation.

On May 4, 1897, the sad tidings reached the society of the death of
Admiral Meade, the President of the society. He was born in New York
City, 1837; appointed midshipman Oct. 2, 1850; first sea service in
sloop-of-war _Preble_, 1851; warrant as master and commission as
lieutenant, 1858; lieutenant-commander, 1862; was a commander in 1870;
commissioned captain in 1880; became a commodore in 1892, and
rear-admiral in 1894; admitted to the society at its organization, Jan.
20, 1897, and chosen President-General of the same, being the first to
hold the office.

The Meade family has been to a wonderful extent identified with the
growth and development of our national life. A glance at the societies
of which Admiral Meade was a member, will show the active and heroic
part this family has taken in every movement since the settlement of the
land.

                  *       *       *       *       *

1. The Order of the Founders and Patriots of America, 1607–57, 1775–83.
(Councillor of New York Society.)

                           _Period 1607–57._

               _Ancestors._ 1) Vincent Meigs, 1583–1658.
                            2) John Meigs, 1st, 1612–72.
                            3) John Meigs, 2d, 1640–91.

[Illustration:

  THEODORE ROOSEVELT
  NEW YORK CITY
]

[Illustration:

  PATRICK WALSH
  GEORGIA
]

[Illustration:

  THOMAS ADDIS EMMET
  NEW YORK CITY
]

Vincent Meigs and his son John, 1st, were emigrants to Connecticut in
1637–38, and in 1639 were among the founders of Guilford, Conn. John
Meigs, 2d, was one of the patentees of Guilford mentioned in the Charter
granted by James II to the town, May 25, 1685.


                           _Period 1775–83._

The patriot progeny of the above-named who made their mark in the War of
Independence were four brothers (sons of Admiral Meade’s maternal
great-great-grandfather, Return Meigs, of Middletown, Conn., born 1708,
died 1770) as follows:

1) Col. Return Jonathan Meigs, of the 6th Connecticut line, born 1740,
died 1823. He was with Montgomery at Quebec, having crossed the
wilderness with Arnold, and he commanded the expedition against Sag
Harbor, May 21, 1777, which destroyed the British vessels’ defenses and
stores. He was one of the four colonels that led the forlorn hope at the
storming of Stony Point, July 15, 1779, under General Wayne. He figures
as one of the best and most reliable soldiers of the Revolution.

2) Maj. Giles Meigs.

3) Capt. John Meigs.

4) Josiah Meigs, of Yale College. (Eighteen years of age when Revolution
broke out.)

2. The Society of Colonial Wars, 1607–1775.

Admiral Meade was the Deputy-Governor of the District of Columbia
Society.

_Ancestors._ 1) Maj. Simon Willard, born 1605, died 1676. (Son of
Richard Willard, of Horsemonden, Kent, Esquire.)

Simon Willard emigrated from England to America in 1634, and in 1635 was
one of the founders of Concord in the colony of Massachusetts Bay;
deputy to the General Court, 1636–54; assistant to governor and a
councillor from 1654–76; commander-in-chief of the expedition of the
United Colonies against Ninigret, Sachem of the Nyantics, 1655; led the
heroic relief against the Indians at the battle of Brookfield; commanded
the Middlesex Regiment of Massachusetts troops in King Philip’s War; a
magistrate of Salem.

2) Capt. Janna Meigs, born 1672, died 1739. (Son of John Meigs, 2d, of
Guilford.) Served in the Queen Anne Wars as lieutenant and captain of
the Guilford Company; deputy to the General Court of the Province of
Connecticut in 1717–26.

3. The Military Order of Foreign Wars of the United States of America.

  War of Independence.—War with Tripoli.—War of 1812.—War with Mexico.

Admiral Meade was Vice-Commander-General for Pennsylvania.

Hereditary member by right of his father, Richard Worsam Meade, 2d, who
served as a lieutenant in the U. S. Navy, during the Mexican War, on
board of the U. S. frigate _Potomac_, Captain Aulick, at Vera Cruz.

Incidentally it may be said that Richard Worsam Meade, 1st, was naval
agent of the United States abroad, during the War of Tripoli and War of
1812, and that George Meade (father of R. W. Meade, 1st) was a prominent
agitator against the Stamp Act of 1765, and was one of the signers of
the non-importation resolutions of merchants of Philadelphia, Oct. 25,
1765, and though a man of wealth, served as a private soldier in 3d
battalion of Col. Cadwalader’s regiment. He gave £2000 sterling to the
fund for Washington’s suffering army at Valley Forge. Was a member of
the Philadelphia “Associators” during the Revolutionary War. Left the
city when the British army came in and did not return until Washington’s
troops reoccupied it.

4. The Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, 1861–65.
Pennsylvania Commandery.

  Joined 1866, No. 187 on general roll.

5. The Grand Army of the Republic, 1861–65.

Commander of Lafayette Post, No. 140, Department of New York. Reelected
December, 1896, for a second term.

6. The California Pioneer Society of New York City, 1849–50.

  An ex-President of the society, 1893–94.

7. The New England Society in the city of New York. Life member.

8. The American Catholic Society of Philadelphia.

9. The Christ Church Historical Society of Philadelphia.

10. The National Geographical Society of Washington, D. C.

11. The Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, New York City.
A Vice-President of the society.

12. The Navy Mutual Aid Society. An ex-President, having held the office
five years.

13. The Society of Graduates of the U. S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md.
Class of 1850.

Admiral Meade is also a lineal descendant of John Benjamin (gentleman),
who came over from Wales, England, with Governor Winthrop in 1630, and
settled at Cambridge, Mass. His son John removed to Connecticut. Admiral
Meade’s great-great-grandfather, Col. John Benjamin, of Stratford,
served in the War of Independence and received a British musket ball in
his shoulder at the battle of Ridgefield. His brother, Col. Aaron
Benjamin, of Stratford, was with Montgomery in the expedition to Quebec,
and in the battles of White Plains, Princeton, Monmouth, Germantown,
Fort Mifflin, Stony Point, and at Valley Forge. He was more than one
hundred times under fire. At Stony Point, it is said, he was the second
man to enter the fort. He was lieutenant and adjutant during the greater
part of his service.

The Admiral is also a lineal descendant of John Hopkins, of Hartford,
Conn., who came to America in 1630. This John Hopkins is now alleged to
have been one of the children (by first wife) of Stephen Hopkins, who
came over in the _Mayflower_, 1620, and was the fourteenth signer of the
compact of the Plymouth colonists. It is alleged (see the _Signers of
Mayflower Compact_, by A. A. Haxtun) that John Hopkins (of Hartford)
having a harsh stepmother, was left behind with his dead mother’s
relatives in England, but followed his father to America in 1630, being
then only seventeen years of age.

Another line of descent is through Thomas Coates, who came over with
William Penn in 1682. The descendant of this Thomas Coates was William
Coates, of Philadelphia (a colonel in the Revolution), and the
great-great-grandfather of the admiral.

                  *       *       *       *       *

Summing up the various strains of blood, here is the result:

_Irish._—Meade, Butler.

_English._—Meigs, Willard, Hopkins, Austin, Worsam, Stretch, Hosmer,
Hamlin, Wilcox, Judd, Fry, Backus, Beckley, Sharpe, and Bronson.

_Welsh._—Benjamin.

_French._—Jacques.

                  *       *       *       *       *

_Religions._ _Catholic._—Meade.

_Church of England._—Worsam, Butler, Austin, Richard Willard.

_Non-Conformist or Puritan._—Meigs, Simon Willard, Hopkins, Hosmer,
Benjamin, Wilcox, Hamlin, Judd, Fry, Backus, Beckley, Bronson, and
Sharpe.

_Quaker._—Coates.

_Huguenot._—Jacques.[2]

Footnote 2:

  This Jacques was Thomas Jacques, who, with his wife Elizabeth, were
  Huguenot refugees from France, settling in Leicestershire, England.
  They subsequently emigrated to America, and their daughter Beulah
  married, October, 1694, Thomas Coates (son of Henry), who was born
  1659 in Sproxton, England, emigrated, as before stated, with William
  Penn, and died in Philadelphia, July 22, 1719.

                  *       *       *       *       *

At the funeral of Admiral Meade, the society was represented by Messrs.
Edward A. Moseley, J. R. Carmody, J. D. O’Connell, and Capt. John M.
Tobin. The honorary bearers were: Rear-Admiral John G. Walker, Commodore
Charles S. Norton, Admiral George Dewey, Commodore Norman H. Farquhar,
Commodore Winfield S. Schley, Capt. A. S. Crowninshield, Capt. Charles
O’Neil, U. S. N., and Col. Charles Heywood, United States Marine Corps.
Eight stalwart seamen bore the body. A battalion of marines from the
Washington barracks, under command of Capt. E. B. Robinson, and a
delegation from Lafayette Post of New York City, escorted the body to
Arlington, preceded by the United States Marine Band.

The following letter was subsequently received:

                                               1100 Vermont Ave.,
                                       WASHINGTON, D. C., May 7, 1897.

  MY DEAR MR. MOSELEY:—Your kind and sympathetic note of the 5th was
  most gratefully received, as was also the beautiful emblem of your
  society, which now rests on my father’s grave. On behalf of my
  mother and sisters, as well as myself, I want to thank you,
  individually, and the American-Irish Historical Society, for the
  touching tributes you have paid his memory. We shall not forget how
  much this crushing blow has been lightened by the sympathy of my
  father’s associates in the organizations of which he was a member.

                               Respectfully and sincerely yours,
                                   (Signed)      RICHARD W. MEADE, Jr.

The council of the society, at its September meeting, was entertained by
the Rhode Island members at a banquet in Pawtucket, at which Hon. Hugh
J. Carroll presided. Mr. Thomas Hamilton Murray delivered the following
address of welcome on that occasion:

  Gentlemen of the Council of the American-Irish Historical
  Society,—We are glad to have the honor of your visit, and we hope
  that your stay in Pawtucket will be pleasant to you and profitable
  to the great movement in which you are engaged.

  The organization you represent seeks to write an unwritten chapter
  of American history, an essential chapter which has been too long
  ignored. Yet, until this chapter is written and its prime importance
  recognized, American history as published will be radically
  defective.

  Every American, therefore, no matter what his ancestry and no matter
  what his creed, must wish you Godspeed in your patriotic labors.

  While supplying this missing chapter in American history, you are at
  the same time helping to supply a missing chapter in Rhode Island
  history.

  The Irish chapter in the history of Rhode Island has its roots away
  back in the days of Roger Williams. But it is little known by this
  generation. In the old colonial days men of Irish blood figured
  prominently in this land of refuge. Like Williams and his
  colleagues, they found here a haven of peace, found rest and
  freedom.

  Many soldiers of Irish birth or extraction battled during King
  Philip’s War, 1675–76, in defense of the homes and lives of the
  settlers. Not a few of them participated in the Great Swamp Fight in
  Southern Rhode Island, and settled here when that war had ended. We
  may mention as an interesting fact that an Irishman, Robert Beers,
  was killed by the Indians in 1676 within a few miles of where you
  meet to-night.

  Another Irishman, Charles Macarty (McCarthy), was one of the
  founders in 1677 of our town of East Greenwich. The town of Warren
  in this state was named in honor of an Irishman, Sir Peter Warren,
  whose deeds of valor no word of ours need chronicle.

  Irish Rhode Islanders are heard from in the capture of Louisburg,
  and there the bones of some of them repose to this day.

  The Revolution found among its most ardent supporters in Rhode
  Island men of Irish lineage. The Blacks, the Dorrances, the
  Sterlings, the Larkins, and a host of other people of Hibernian
  origin are evidence of this.

  General Knox, a member of the Boston Charitable Irish Society, was
  here during the early part of the Revolution; Gen. John Sullivan,
  son of the Irish schoolmaster, commanded the Rhode Island Department
  for a considerable period, and was in command of the patriot forces
  at the siege of Newport and the battle that ensued. His brother
  James, the Governor of Massachusetts, received in after years the
  degree of LL.D. from Brown University.

  You see, therefore, gentlemen, that Rhode Island is rich in historic
  material for your society. The shaft needs but be sunk to bring the
  treasures to the surface. Your coming here on this occasion helps to
  sink it.

  We Rhode Islanders are very proud of our little state. That much of
  the Irish chapter in the history of this state is but little known
  we acknowledge and regret.

  Yet some of it we do know. We recall many noble men that Ireland has
  given us—Berkeley, McSparran, Brown, Jackson, and the rest. We
  recall the Irishman Wilson, who was head of one of the first free
  schools opened in Providence, and of those other Irish schoolmasters
  here at an early day—Kelly, Reilly, Knox, Phelan. May their memory
  be in benediction!

  We know, too, that Irish blood was not wanting in the veins of Perry
  and of Burnside. At least two of our governors could truthfully
  claim an Irish ancestry on the one side or the other, and at least
  three of our secretaries of state. We know that at the founding of
  Rhode Island College, now Brown University, the first funds for the
  institution came from Ireland, generously contributed by Irish men
  and women.

  We are aware that many people of Irish extraction have married into
  families of other extractions, some of these families representing
  the oldest in the state. Thus we learn from the colonial and state
  records that a Mahoney wedded an Olney, that a McGowan married an
  Angell, that a McCarthy married a Maxson, that a Connor became the
  wife of a Robinson, a McLoughlin the wife of a Steere, a Murphy the
  husband of a Pitman. We see, moreover, that Prudence Mathewson
  became Mrs. Kelley, that Harriet Thayer became Mrs. Patrick Brown,
  that Rachel Aldrich wedded David Flynn.

  Patrick Cunningham, the records show, was married in Providence to
  Mary Goddard; Sally Mahoney became the wife of Asa Capron. The
  records further show the marriage of persons bearing the following
  names: Heffernan and Coggeshall, Flanagan and Cornell, Riley and
  Sabin, Fallon and Cook, Connor and Odlin, Burke and Greene, Kenney
  and Chadwick, Mulholland and Hooper, Hurlihy and Thorp, Carroll and
  Slater, O’Brien and Newcome, McGee and Perkins, Donohue and Sutleff,
  Egan and Wilson, and a long list of others.

  I have already referred to the Olney name. I take it up again.
  Thomas Olney came from England in 1635, and was one of the original
  thirteen proprietors of Providence. His descendants are widespread.
  Some of them were married as follows: Benjamin Olney to Mary
  McFadyan, Sylvester Olney to Eliza McLaughlin, Sylvanus Olney to
  Joanna W. Gorman, Frances M. Olney to J. P. Mahan, George E. Olney
  to Mary E. Gilpatrick, Thomas D. Olney to Mary A. Dunagan, Bradley
  Olney to Dora Fitzgerald, William N. Olney to Mary Oday (O’Day),
  Amanda Olney to Jerry Mackay, Louis B. Olney to Kitty Sheehan,
  Hattie M. Olney to Casper McManus.

  This indicates that the process of assimilation has been progressing
  in Rhode Island for many generations, and that Irish blood courses
  to-day through the veins of thousands of the old Rhode Island stock.

  These things we know, but there are many other facts just as
  important we do not know.

  We depend upon you, gentlemen, and the society of which you are the
  official representatives, to unroll the drapery so that our
  knowledge may be greatly increased.

  Again we say, welcome to Pawtucket!

Addresses were made by Joseph Smith, of Lowell; James Jeffrey Roche, of
Boston; and Thomas B. Lawler, of Worcester.

On May 15, 1897, Hon. Edward A. Moseley, of Washington, D. C., was
chosen President-General of the society, to fill the vacancy caused by
the death of Admiral Meade.

A committee of three Washington members of the society was appointed to
wait upon Mr. Moseley and officially notify him of his selection. This
committee consisted of Mr. J. D. O’Connell of the U. S. Treasury
Department; Paymaster Carmody, U. S. N., and Capt. John M. Tobin.

The committee had waited upon Mr. Moseley as instructed, and Chairman
O’Connell thus presented the matter:

  Mr. Moseley,—Complying with the directions of the Council of the
  American-Irish Historical Society, we have come to announce to you,
  in their name, your selection as President-General of the society.

  To be the bearer of such information is generally a pleasant duty;
  and it would be a pleasure to us in this instance, were it not for
  the bereavement felt so keenly by every member of our society
  because of the death of its first President-General, the late
  Richard W. Meade, Rear-Admiral of the United States Navy—illustrious
  in name and lineage and in the annals of his country.

  It is a great honor to you, sir, to have been selected by the
  unanimous voice of our council to the highest office in our society,
  in immediate succession to such an illustrious man. Nevertheless, we
  hope that under your administration the society is destined to grow
  with the growth and strengthen with the strength of the Republic,
  and that it will eventually achieve the glorious object of its
  institution, namely, to prove to the civilized world, and especially
  to the “English-speaking peoples,” that there is no distinction of
  blood or race among the colonists and their descendants who peopled
  this part of the continent from Great Britain and Ireland; that they
  and the succeeding and ever-increasing waves of immigration, up to
  and long after the Revolutionary War, were all people of the same
  mixture of blood—Celtic and Germanic; the Celtic—and in that the
  Irish Celtic—then predominant, as it still continues to be in every
  region of the globe where the English language is spoken;
  predominant also on every ocean where floats our own flag, and the
  flag of “our kin beyond the sea,” which bears the insignia of the
  “three kingdoms”—a flag we do not now respect, and never shall while
  it is the emblem of tyranny in any land or on any sea.

[Illustration:

  GEN. JAMES R. O’BEIRNE
  NEW YORK
]

[Illustration:

  M. J. HARSON
  RHODE ISLAND
]

[Illustration:

  GEN. M. C. BUTLER
  SOUTH CAROLINA
]

[Illustration:

  GEN. ST. CLAIR A. MULHOLLAND
  PENNSYLVANIA
]

                            VICE-PRESIDENTS


                    _The President-General’s Reply._

President-General Moseley replied as follows:

  Gentlemen,—Deeply appreciative as I am of the honor conferred upon
  me by your tendering me the position of President-General of the
  American-Irish Historical Society, I feel that the compliment is
  greatly enhanced by my having been selected to fill the place so
  recently made vacant by the death of one of our most illustrious
  fellow-citizens, the late Rear-Admiral Richard W. Meade, of the
  United States Navy.

  Honored by all true patriots for the loyalty, courage, and
  professional ability which so eminently distinguished him in his
  country’s hour of trial, and throughout his whole career, no more
  fitting representative of the Irish people, to whose history our
  society is devoted, could have been chosen as its first
  President-General, than Rear-Admiral Meade, who bore a name renowned
  as well in the army as in the navy of our country.

  While fully conscious of my being all too unworthy to occupy a
  position which my predecessor so adequately filled, yet, as I am
  most earnestly and heartily in sympathy with the objects of the
  American-Irish Historical Society, and willing to share in its
  labors and responsibilities, I cannot but accede to your wishes,
  whatever misgivings I may have as to my ability to fulfill your
  expectations.

  My descent from Irish ancestry, of which I am justly proud, and also
  from the English and Welsh, not only enables me to regard myself as
  among typical Americans in respect of origin, as well as aspirations
  and pride of country, but renders me fondly sympathetic with the
  aims and purposes of this American-Irish Society.

  The main purpose of the American-Irish Historical Society is to
  elucidate the history of the Irish element in our people and the
  extent of the contributions to our development and civilization
  since the earliest colonial period,—a rich and greatly neglected
  field for historical research.

  The society intends to demonstrate the fact that this element has
  not been given the credit which is its due by the writers of
  American history, and to prove by authoritative records that from
  the earliest days of the settlement of this country up to the
  present day, it has done its part towards establishing and
  maintaining this great Republic, and in developing its greatness in
  every field of its achievements.

  But it is not solely to chronicle the deeds of Irish ancestors, or
  their descendants, and our contemporaries that we have organized an
  historical society.

  Ownership, or the right of possession, as well as pride of descent,
  tend to make one a better citizen. We, therefore, desire that as our
  young men grow up they may feel that they inherit the right of
  ownership in our great country; that their ancestors have done their
  part towards the up-building of the grandest nation upon earth—a
  part not surpassed by any other element of our people, and therefore
  that they should always exercise the right of citizenship as a
  sacred trust transmitted to them for the glory and welfare of their
  country.

  Of all those who by immigration have helped to people our country,
  the Irish have come imbued with the most intense feeling of loyalty
  towards our institutions, and it may be safely asserted that, since
  our independence of English rule was proclaimed, every true Irishman
  has felt, on landing in America, that the American shore was not a
  foreign shore for him. To perpetuate this feeling is the crowning
  object for which the society is organized.

Again sincerely thanking the society, through the committee, for the
honor conferred upon him, President-General Moseley assured them that he
would discharge the duties of the office to the very best of his
ability.

In answer to the subjoined call the third meeting was held Nov. 16,
1897.

                               OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL,
                                       PAWTUCKET, R. I., Nov. 1, 1897.

  DEAR SIR:—You are hereby notified that the third meeting of the
  American-Irish Historical Society will be held at Young’s Hotel,
  Boston, Mass., on Tuesday evening, Nov. 16, 1897.

  There will be a business session of the society at 6.30 P.M.,
  followed, at 7.30 o’clock, by a dinner and post-prandial exercises
  of an interesting nature.

  The after-dinner features will include:

    (1) An address by the presiding officer.

    (2) The reading of letters from distinguished members of the
    society unable to be present.

    (3) A paper by Mr. Dennis Harvey Sheahan, of Providence, R. I.
    (ex-clerk of the Rhode Island House of Representatives), on “The
    Need of an Organization such as the A. I. H. S., and its Scope.”

    (4) A congratulatory letter from His Excellency Elisha Dyer,
    Governor of Rhode Island.

    (5) An address by Mr. John Mackinnon Robertson, of London, author
    of _The Saxon and the Celt_.

    (6) A communication to the society from Hon. Joseph T. Lawless,
    Secretary of State, Virginia.

    (7) A paper on “The O’Briens of Machias, in the Revolution,” by
    Mr. H. W. Chaplin, of Boston, Mass., who is a descendant of the
    O’Briens.

  Invitations to attend the dinner have been extended Rear-Admiral
  Belknap, U. S. N.; Dr. John Sullivan, a descendant of Gen. John
  Sullivan of the Revolution; and President Andrews, of Brown
  University. President Andrews’s work on American history is well
  known, and his patriotic address recently, before the Twentieth
  Century Club, will not soon be forgotten.

  It is earnestly desired that every member of the society who can
  possibly be present at the coming meeting will attend and help make
  the event the great success it so richly deserves.

  Fraternally, and in behalf of the Executive Council of the Society,

                                    THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY,
                                                    Secretary-General.

The third general meeting of the American-Irish Historical Society was
held at Young’s Hotel, Boston, on the evening of November 16, about
seventy members being in attendance. Gen. James R. O’Beirne,
Vice-President for New York, presided at the business session.
Secretary-General Thomas Hamilton Murray made his official report,
saying:

  The society is steadily growing in membership, and is receiving an
  excellent class of active workers. Many of these new accessions are
  gentlemen of national reputation. Before the year closes it is
  expected that between five and six hundred members will have been
  enrolled. Since the founding of the organization last January, three
  members have died. They were Postmaster Coveney, of Boston;
  Rear-Admiral Meade, who was the first President-General of the
  society; and Lawrence J. Smith, of Lowell, Mass.

  Twenty-eight states, the District of Columbia, and two foreign
  countries are now represented in the society’s membership. Since the
  last gathering of the organization the council of the society has
  held a number of meetings, and has materially furthered the
  movement.

  The organization has enlisted widespread attention, and requests for
  genealogical information, historical data and facts relating to
  early Irish settlers in this country have been received almost
  daily. Several of the society’s members are of Revolutionary stock,
  and some are descendants of officers who served under Washington.
  Some of the members, too, trace their American ancestry back to a
  period anterior to King Philip’s War.

  Since the last meeting an excellent article descriptive of the
  society and its purposes has been contributed to the _Granite State
  Monthly_, of Concord, N. H., by the Treasurer-General, John C.
  Linehan. A committee of Washington members of the society now has in
  preparation a diploma of membership and a seal. This committee will
  probably be ready to submit its designs at the next meeting. The
  members at the national capital have extended the society a cordial
  invitation to hold its coming meeting in that city, and have, in
  fact, already begun preparations for the event, under the direction
  of President-General Moseley. Gen. James R. O’Beirne, on behalf of
  the New York members, has also tendered the organization an
  invitation to meet in the near future in that city.

  The last meeting of the society’s council was held in Pawtucket, R.
  I., as the guests of the members in that place and Providence. The
  meeting was very profitable to the cause. Several new members were
  obtained for the organization; and the entertainers’ hospitality was
  unbounded. The council has been invited to attend similar gatherings
  in Worcester, Lawrence, and other cities. This indicates the
  interest aroused. Massachusetts has at present the largest
  representation in the society; then follow in order Maine, New
  Hampshire, New York, Rhode Island, and Pennsylvania.

At the conclusion of Mr. Murray’s report a committee of three was
appointed to take suitable action on the death of Lawrence J. Smith, of
Lowell, Mass. The committee consists of Joseph Smith, Lowell; Thomas B.
Lawler, Worcester; and Capt. P. S. Curry, Lynn.

William McConway, of Pittsburg, Pa., presented a check for $50 to the
society.

It was voted to hold the next meeting of the society in New York City.

The business session then adjourned, and the company proceeded to
dinner.

Hon. Thomas J. Gargan presided; and seated on his right and left were
John Mackinnon Robertson, of London; Admiral Belknap, U. S. N.; Gen. J.
R. O’Beirne, New York; Hon. P. A. Collins, Boston; Col. John C. Linehan,
Concord, N. H.; Rev. Edward McSweeney, Bangor, Me.; James Jeffrey Roche,
of Boston; Thomas B. Lawler, of Worcester; and Joseph Smith, of Lowell.

Around the tables were noted: the Revs. William P. McQuaid, Boston; John
Harty, Pawtucket, R. I.; J. H. Lyons, Boston; Dr. W. D. Collins,
Haverhill, Mass.; Dennis H. Sheahan, Providence, R. I.; Stephen J.
Casey, Providence; Osborne Howes, Boston; Humphrey O’Sullivan, Lowell,
Mass.; J. F. Brennan, Peterboro, N. H.; Representative John Jolly,
Alderman Thomas O’Brien, and Hugh J. Lee, Pawtucket, R. I.; Daniel
Donovan, Timothy Donovan, and P. S. Curry, Lynn, Mass.; Hon. Joseph H.
O’Neil, Dr. William H. Grainger, Dr. P. J. Timmins, M. A. Toland, Edward
A. McLaughlin, M. J. Jordan, Dr. P. F. Gavin, Charles E. S. MacCorry,
Joseph P. Flatley, Jeremiah W. Fogarty, all of Boston; Edmund Reardon,
Capt. J. F. Murray, and Edward M. Manning, of Cambridge, Mass.; James
Cunningham and Frank W. Cunningham, of Portland, Me.; and many others.

After dinner a short but stirring speech was made by the presiding
officer, Hon. Thomas J. Gargan, who said in part:

  It cannot be otherwise than interesting to analyze the materials
  entering into the warp and woof of our democratic fabric. We are a
  nation receiving emigrants from almost every country on the face of
  the globe. We are endeavoring to amalgamate people of different
  races, languages, and religions into a homogeneous mass, eliminating
  all that is vicious, and so refining what is good, hoping to evolve
  the best type of manhood and womanhood to be found in the coming
  century.

  Doubtless the descendants of each race making contributions to our
  population will perform their share of the work in tracing their
  early settlements and their efforts in up-building the Republic. Our
  share of the work is to examine the data and preserve the records of
  the Irish and their descendants, and their contributions to the
  settlement of the original Colonies, the founding of the nation, the
  upholding of the Union, and the maintenance of democratic
  institutions.

  Proud of our ancestry, yet loving the United States and loyal to our
  citizenship, we desire a fair share of credit for what they have
  accomplished. We respect the Germans, the French, the Italians, and
  the genuine Scotchman; but for that masquerading misnomer, the
  Scotch-Irishman, who claims no ancestry and no country as his own,
  we have only contempt; and he will go down to posterity as he
  deserves, “unwept, unhonored, and unsung.”

  A distinguished man has said “the Irish have fought successfully the
  battles of all countries but their own.” They have also contributed
  their full share to the civilization and progress of all
  English-speaking people. That they possess brilliant qualities is
  not denied; but it is charged that they lack steadiness of purpose.
  I think a careful and critical study of the history of this country
  will refute this assertion.

  To assert that they have imperfections is but to say they are human.
  For much of their humanity, I say God bless them. I wish there was a
  little more humanity in the world in our day.

  We of this society are only asking that they may be spoken of and
  written of impartially, truthfully. “Nothing extenuate, nor set down
  aught in malice.” We will accept our share of just criticism. The
  malice and insolence of ignorance have unfortunately held the
  platform too long. It is our duty to endeavor to refute errors with
  clear statements of cold facts. For such purposes this society was
  organized; and it is very gratifying to be able to announce that in
  ten months since its organization we have already a list of nearly
  five hundred members coming from almost every state in the Union,
  representing some of the most distinguished men and families of the
  Republic. I congratulate you, fellow-members, on this signal
  success.

Mr. Gargan then introduced Mr. John Mackinnon Robertson, of London,
author of many striking books and pamphlets, but most widely and
favorably known to members of the Society and Irish-Americans generally
by his masterly work, _The Saxon and the Celt_. Mr. Robertson is a tall,
handsome man of forty, with dark hair, moustache and beard, and a
well-modulated voice, which without effort reached the furthest part of
the room. He gesticulates very seldom, and uses none of the tricks of
the practiced orator; but he held his audience in rapt attention
throughout his whole discourse, evoking applause and laughter at
frequent intervals. He is a firm believer in the ultimate and not far
distant triumph of Home Rule; and his advice to the American friends of
the cause had the merit of novelty at least.


                        MR. ROBERTSON’S ADDRESS.

Mr. Robertson expressed the satisfaction with which he found himself at
a union of an Irish society whose purpose was the systematic and
dispassionate study of a department of the history of the race. The new
movement was the more hopeful, seeing that it proceeded on democratic
lines. It was said that war could not be carried on by a committee. If
the military gentlemen present would forgive him, he would confess that
he wished it could not be done in any other way, either (laughter); but
he was sure that historical research could very well be so carried on.
In so far as the Nationalist movement had of late years lost headway, it
could fairly be said that it was because of an imperfect application of
the spirit of democracy in its ranks. A great man was at once one of the
greatest boons that could befall any cause, and one of the greatest
dangers, because where the great man was all in all, the powers of the
lesser men were undeveloped, and their faculty of coöperation was in a
measure destroyed. The Nationalist movement had been shattered somewhat
as the party of Cromwell was shattered at his death; but it would find
the cure which, in the old case, had not been forthcoming (applause).
Every development of democratic methods would make for reconstruction.

Above all, the present movement was full of promise, because it was
essentially scientific in its aim.

Dennis Harvey Sheahan, of Providence, R. I., read the following paper on
“The Need of an Organization such as the American-Irish Historical
Society, and its Scope”:

  The history of a country is dear to the heart of the lover of that
  country. By the aid of historical study we learn of the origin,
  growth, and development of a race of people; their customs,
  religions, laws, governments; their accomplishments and what they
  have contributed to the economy of the world. The historian points
  out the past to the present and future. He puts aside the veil that
  has gathered about the dim past, opens up to the gaze of the bright
  present the panorama of human achievement, and blazes the way for
  his successor in the rosy future.

  What the clergyman learns from the theological disputations of the
  past, the poring monk has gathered together; what the physician now
  acquires with comparative ease is furnished him by the knowledge
  garnered from the experience of his brethren from the time when man
  learned that pain and aches affected his being; what the lawyer
  gains from precedents is a guiding light which sheds its rays upon
  problems of jurisprudence that the legal lore of the past
  generations has taken from the leaves of experience; what formulæ
  the scientist is able to demonstrate he owes to the observations of
  men who, through the ages, have chronicled the phenomena of nature;
  the statesman is able to meet the crises of the present by being
  informed as to other crises in governmental affairs.

  The citizen of a republic who neglects to learn the fundamental
  principles upon which rest the laws of the land, who does not know
  how the country was developed and maintained, is as a blind man, and
  is not able to bring to the exercise of his suffrage the amount of
  intelligence that the country has a right to require from him.

  This obligation comes to us in a twofold capacity. We, as citizens
  of this great Republic, should study the history of our country from
  a patriotic standpoint, while as Irishmen, or descendants of that
  race, it should be not only a duty but a pleasure to learn of the
  deeds of Irishmen in America.

  Therefore, an organization such as the American-Irish Historical
  Society, if it had no other _raison d’être_, would accomplish a
  patriotic purpose if it served only as an incentive to the study of
  the deeds of Irishmen in America.

  It has become almost a maxim in historical matters that the history
  of events cannot be accepted as facts until the generation which
  lived at the time said events occurred has passed away.

  The passions, influences, and conditions which generate, shape, and
  control events lend a coloring to their recital which, deep-lined or
  faint as painted by the writer at the time, are toned down or made
  stronger by the historian of a future generation who, unmindful of
  passions, influences, or conditions, and with an eye single to the
  preservation of history by means of the truth, makes past
  occurrences stand out in their true light.

  Deeds that have received but a passing mention from writers whose
  minds were biased are rescued from an unmerited insignificance and
  placed high in the Temple of Fame, while highly extolled acts, given
  an undue prominence by a partisan writer, are consigned to a merited
  oblivion by the historian of a later but more impartial epoch.

  It is not often true of history that the stone which was rejected by
  the builder becomes the corner stone of the edifice.

  A member of the Society of Friends who desires to familiarize
  himself with the history of his sect in New England would find but
  little of the truth in the writings which have come from such
  intellectual dyspeptics as Cotton Mather and his disciples. But in
  the unwritten history of Quaker persecutions that have become
  legendary, by the purity of their lives, by their nobility of
  character and their Christianizing influences, the pioneers of that
  faith stand out in bold relief in the religious history of Puritan
  New England, with its dark background of scourging, mutilation,
  banishments, and hangings.

  By analogy, how can the Irish-American race expect that the history
  of Irishmen in New England can be presented in just proportion to
  the true merits of the case?

  In fact, who has heard much of Irishmen in New England until the
  present generation? As in New England, so throughout the Colonies.
  The Virginia Cavalier was not less hostile to the Irish than the
  Massachusetts Puritan.

  Should the American-Irish Historical Society go out of existence
  to-night, it would have already accomplished a grand mission in
  this: that it has brought forth from obscure records the deeds of
  Irishmen in America, and has laid the foundation for the erection of
  an historical monument to Irishmen that, with its base laid in
  colonial times, and still being constructed, challenges the respect
  and admiration of all lovers of American history.

  The work of this society has been thus far practically confined to
  research of New England records. This research has been fruitful of
  good results.

  Among other things we learn of the Irish as brickmakers of Rehoboth
  and settlers in Salem and Lynn in early colonial times.

  Again, we learn that the Irish in the Granite State had become so
  numerous in colonial times that the General Court of Massachusetts
  passed a law prohibiting the “wild Irishmen of New Hampshire” from
  coming across the state line, lest they should drive out the people
  of the older colony. As long as that state shall last the glory and
  the fame of the Sullivans and their contemporaries of the Irish race
  will remain illustrious.

  The history of Irishmen in Maine will be dwelt upon in the address
  of one of the gentlemen who is to follow on the program.

  This research has extracted from the records of Rhode Island the
  influence of the Irish schoolmaster, McSparren, in moulding the
  intellectual development of that colony; it has called attention to
  the work of Bishop Berkely in the promotion of education there, and
  what is to me, personally, exceedingly pleasant information, that
  Brown University, my beloved Alma Mater, in its infancy was succored
  by the contributions of worthy people residing in Ireland.

  The work of presenting to the world the achievements of Irishmen in
  America, in its just proportion to the achievements of men of other
  races in the colonization, struggle for independence, and the
  creation of a republic, the development of that republic from a
  theory into a concrete nation, and the perpetuation of that nation,
  is a duty not only to the men whose deeds are to be chronicled, but
  also a debt which we owe to ourselves, which we should cheerfully
  assume.

  The labor involved in this from its very nature is such as can only
  be performed by an organization such as the American-Irish
  Historical Society.

  The true status of the Irish in America, notwithstanding the fact
  that their brain and brawn have been interwoven in the woof and web
  of our nation’s fabric, has never been fully appreciated, by reason
  of the prejudices which have been associated with anything that bore
  an Irish name. This prejudice, in no small part, arose from
  misconception and misunderstanding of the Irish nature, temperament,
  and characteristics. There is a brand of bigotry that is sometimes
  designated as inborn. In the case of a bigot whose bigotry is
  congenital, it is well to follow the scriptural injunction to reason
  not with a fool lest he grow wise. But in the case of those persons
  who, by reason of misconception or want of acquaintance with
  Irishmen, cannot properly estimate our race, yet whose minds are
  broad enough to cherish the worth of a man when demonstrated, and
  whose patriotism counts every man a friend who has contributed to
  the glory of his country, an impartial history of the deeds of
  Irishmen in America would effectively serve to displace any
  prejudice.

  What lover of the human race, animated by that noble sentiment of
  Terence, “I am a man, and I think nothing human foreign to me,” can
  fail to appreciate the sturdy virtues of the Irish people in
  America, their patient industry, their obedience to constituted
  authority, their domestic constancy, their desire to provide homes
  for their families and education for their children?

  What patriotic American can fail to be moved by emotions of
  gratitude when he learns among other facts that the Irish in Ireland
  assisted with food and provisions the struggling settlers of Boston
  in a time of dire distress; that Irishmen of Philadelphia
  contributed large sums of money to the famished Revolutionary heroes
  at Valley Forge; that George Washington considered himself honored
  in being elected a member of an Irish society; that nine of the
  signers of the Declaration of Independence were men of Irish blood;
  that on the field of war, and in the council chamber of the nation,
  as well as in the administration of national, state, and municipal
  affairs, from the time of our earliest history to the present time,
  men of that race have given their lives and property to the nation’s
  cause? The work of this society thus far in this direction gives
  promise of either destroying the prejudices that have hitherto
  existed against the Irish people, or removing the venom from the
  fangs of bigotry.

  To my mind the most urgent need of a society of this nature is the
  means it affords of preserving Irish history in America. It would be
  a great misfortune if the history of the Irish people in America, at
  present fragmentary at best, yet gathered together under favorable
  conditions and after the most careful and painstaking labor, could
  not find some secure lodgment.

  What more suitable abiding place than the cabinet of the
  American-Irish Historical Society, from whence it could find its way
  into the private and public libraries, not only of our own country,
  but of the civilized world?

  This society in the short time it has been in existence has
  accomplished so much in its chosen field as already to have
  demonstrated quite clearly its scope. From the publications issued
  by its members, notably the work of our Secretary-General in
  Massachusetts and Rhode Island, General Linehan in New Hampshire,
  Senator Walsh in Georgia, Hon. Joseph T. Lawless in Virginia, and
  others, our society has already contributed a fund of rich
  historical value to the history of this country. It would suffice to
  cite this labor to show the scope.

  The thought has occurred to me that it might be well, however, to
  suggest a specialization of this work and to provide avenues for its
  dissemination. The society should pursue the line of procedure
  already mapped out by extending its membership to every state in the
  country. Membership should be selected from men of scholarly
  attainments devoted to historical research. This membership should
  be so catholic as to include men of all religious denominations and
  nationalities.

  Apropos of this I beg leave to call attention to the great work done
  and being done by German scholars in the study of Celtic, to
  illustrate the probable value of assistance that might be rendered
  to us by men of other nationalities. The society should coöperate
  with the movements in the other states, looking to the establishment
  of record commissions, and in states where such movements have not
  been set on foot, to labor to create such movements. In addition to
  this the products of the research of the society should be edited,
  and when preserved in book form copies of these should be
  distributed to other historical societies and placed in public and
  private libraries. Volumes could be printed from time to time, a
  number of which could be placed on the market for sale, thereby
  defraying the expenses of publishing the same.

  With such an inviting field of labor spread out before us, this
  society not only supplies a long-felt want, but also a means of
  inspiration. Each member can contribute to the common fund of
  historical data, and the sum total of these contributions will go to
  make up a work of great value.

  The need of such an organization as the American-Irish Historical
  Society being demonstrated, and its scope clearly defined, all that
  remains to be done to perpetuate its success is to continue in the
  work already so auspiciously undertaken.

The following letter was read from President Andrews of Brown
University:

                             PRESIDENT’S ROOM, BROWN UNIVERSITY,
                                     PROVIDENCE, R. I., Nov. 10, 1897.

  MY DEAR MR. MURRAY:—Your American-Irish Historical Society meeting
  is sure to be a most interesting one, and but for the condition of
  my health and the numerous engagements for this month to which I am
  already pledged, I should certainly attend. As it is, I can only
  send you this testimonial of my interest in your organization and in
  the important phase of our American history which it is designed to
  investigate and expound.

  The society can, and no doubt will, perform a most valuable work.
  The researches concerning the men whom I call the Irish Pilgrim
  fathers—the earliest representatives of the Irish race in New
  England—which you, yourself, sir, have so well begun, ought to be
  carried to the utmost attainable completion.

  In early southern history Irishmen were a factor of the utmost
  importance. The Irish settlers and settlements in North Carolina and
  early Kentucky furnish an attractive subject for historical study,
  which, I believe, has never yet been adequately dealt with.

  The American-Irish Historical Society will certainly prompt some of
  the numerous and brilliant youth of Irish descent, now coming forth
  from American colleges in such numbers, to turn their studies in the
  direction named.

                                 Yours with sincere esteem,
                                                     E. BENJ. ANDREWS.

The Friendly Sons of St. Patrick, who were in session in New York on the
previous evening, sent the following:

                                              NEW YORK, Nov. 15, 1897.

  TO THE AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

  GENTLEMEN:—The Friendly Sons of St. Patrick of New York, an
  association of Irishmen and Irish-Americans coeval with the founding
  of this government, sends to you its heartiest fraternal greeting
  through your representative, Mr. Lawler. We fully appreciate the
  great value of the work you have undertaken—a work that involves the
  preservation of the record and achievements of men of Irish blood in
  the building and preservation of the American Republic.

  The record of our race on this continent is glorious with patriotism
  and self-sacrifice; it is a record of honest toil, of love of
  freedom and religion, of devotion to God and country.

  In preserving an authentic account of these achievements, the
  American-Irish Historical Society is performing a work of justice to
  the Irish race and an invaluable service to American history.

  With every wish for your success, we remain fraternally yours,

                          MORGAN J. O’BRIEN,
              President, Friendly Sons St. Patrick, by John J. Rooney.

Hon. P. A. Collins and Gen. J. R. O’Beirne dissented, courteously but
firmly, from the proposition that justice is to be won from England by
patience and a campaign of education. Recalling Parnell’s first visit to
Boston, General Collins told with impressiveness how Wendell Phillips
attended the great meeting, in order, as he said, “to look upon the man
who had made John Bull listen.” We must make John Bull listen, was the
theme of General Collins’s eloquent address. Though he had come
unprepared to speak, he was in excellent form and showed no diminution
of his old-time vigor and clearness of expression.

General O’Beirne, whose erect, soldierly figure and noble countenance
“showed him no carpet-knight so trim, but in close fight a warrior
grim,” spoke with burning words of the cause that is defeated but not
lost, and never can be lost while Irishmen preserve their racial
character. History for seven hundred years has shown their undying
fortitude, and he predicted that it would record the same through all
the years to come, whether Freedom come soon or late.

Admiral Belknap, U. S. N., Rev. Edward McSweeney, of Bangor, Me., and
other gentlemen made brief impromptu remarks, and the meeting adjourned
after passing a vote of thanks to Mr. Robertson for his entertaining
discourse.


                        _New Members Admitted._

The following new members were admitted: His Excellency Elisha Dyer,
Governor of Rhode Island; Hon. Joseph T. Lawless, Secretary of State,
Virginia; Hon. Elisha W. Bucklin, ex-State Auditor, Pawtucket, R. I.;
Hon. Wauhope Lynn, New York City; Recorder Goff, New York City; Hon. W.
F. Reddy, Richmond, Va.; Col. James Armstrong, Charleston, S. C.; Col.
C. C. Sanders, Gainesville, Ga.; Mr. Edward Fitzpatrick, staff of the
_Courier-Journal_, Louisville, Ky.; Hon. John F. Finerty, editor the
_Citizen_, Chicago, Ill.; Mr. M. J. Dowling, secretary National
Republican League, Renville, Minn.; Mr. Michael Walsh, LL.D., Ph.D.,
editor _Sunday Democrat_, New York City; Mr. James D. Power, Washington,
D. C.; Capt. John Flannery, Savannah, Ga.; Hon. Matthew O’Doherty,
Louisville, Ky.; Mr. Edward L. Hearn, South Framingham, Mass.; Capt.
John J. Coffey, Neponset, Mass.; Mr. Stephen J. Casey, Providence, R.
I.; Mr. John B. Kehoe, Portland, Me.; Mr. Anthony J. Philpott, Boston,
Mass.; Mr. William Lyman, New York City; Dr. Daniel I. O’Keefe, Jamaica
Plain, Mass.; Dr. Thomas J. Dillon, Roxbury, Mass.; Dr. James E.
Keating, Portland, Me.; the Rev. J. Phelan, Rock Valley, Ia.; Capt.
Thomas J. Hogan, Portland, Me.; Mr. Thomas J. Lane, East Boston, Mass.;
Mr. John Ahern, Concord, N. H.; Dr. Edward J. McDonough, Portland, Me.;
Mr. Hugh J. Lee, Pawtucket, R. I.

Mr. Thomas B. Lawler, of Worcester, presented the following New York
gentlemen as candidates for the society, and they were all admitted:

Hon. Joseph F. Daly, Hon. Morgan J. O’Brien, Hon. Frederick Smyth, Hon.
E. F. O’Dwyer, Hon. Thomas S. Brennan, Col. William L. Brown, Dr.
Charles J. Perry, Dr. Constantine Macguire, Maj. John Byrne, F. C.
Travers, M. A. O’Byrne, John Crane, J. M. Fitzpatrick, D. P. Murphy,
Jr., Robert E. Danvers, Stephen J. Geoghegan, James P. Campbell, Daniel
O’Day, John J. Rooney, Laurence Winters, William Cranitch, James G.
Johnson, William F. Clare, Edward J. McGuire, Daniel F. Colahan, Edward
D. Farrell, William M. Penney.

On Feb. 1, 1898, the following invitation was issued to the members:

  DEAR SIR:—You are hereby notified that the annual meeting of the
  American-Irish Historical Society will be held at the Hotel San
  Remo, New York City, Thursday evening, Feb. 17, 1898.

  The San Remo is owned by a member of our society (Mr. Michael
  Brennan) and is located at Central Park West, Seventy-fourth and
  Seventy-fifth Streets. It is easy of access and excellently adapted
  to a gathering such as we have in view.

  There will be a business session of the society at 7 P.M., at which
  the annual election of officers will take place. At 8 o’clock the
  society and guests will proceed to dinner.

  Gen. James R. O’Beirne, Vice-President of our society for New York
  State, will preside.

  The delegation from the New England states will include the Hon.
  John C. Linehan, State Insurance Commissioner of New Hampshire; the
  Hon. Thomas J. Gargan, Boston, ex-President of the Charitable Irish
  Society (founded 1737); James Jeffrey Roche, LL.D., editor of the
  Boston _Pilot_, and other prominent gentlemen.

  At the business session an amendment to Article XII of the
  Constitution will be offered. This article at present provides that
  the executive council of the society shall consist of _ten_ members
  (in addition to the general officers). The proposed amendment, if
  passed, would change the language to read “not less than ten, nor
  more than twenty.”

  During the post-prandial exercises Mr. Joseph Smith, secretary of
  the Police Commission, Lowell, Mass., will read a paper on “American
  History as it is Falsified.”

                                Fraternally,
                                              EDWARD A. MOSELEY,
                                                    President-General.

  THOMAS HAMILTON MURRAY,
      Secretary-General.

The annual meeting of the American-Irish Historical Society was held on
Thursday evening, 17th inst., at the Hotel San Remo, New York City. A
large and representative gathering was present. Six states,—New
Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, and New
Jersey,—sent delegations. Fifteen states were represented by letters
expressing congratulations and good wishes.

President-General Moseley, of Washington, D. C., was unable to be
present owing to a press of duties as secretary of the Interstate
Commerce Commission, but his annual address was read to the society by
Gen. James R. O’Beirne, Vice-President for New York. It was an eloquent
production.

The society made its headquarters for the occasion at the San Remo, a
magnificent house, owned by a member of the organization, Mr. Michael
Brennan. It is situated at Central Park West and Seventy-Fifth Street,
and is one of the finest hotels in the world. The banquet hall where the
annual dinner of the society took place is located on the tenth floor
and was lighted by over a thousand incandescent electric lamps. The
scene was one of great brilliancy.

[Illustration:

  T. E. A. WEADOCK
  MICHIGAN
]

[Illustration:

  IGNATIUS DONNELLY
  MINNESOTA
]

[Illustration:

  JAMES E. LOWERY
  COLORADO
]

[Illustration:

  JAMES CUNNINGHAM
  MAINE
]

                            VICE-PRESIDENTS

Among the early arrivals were: Hon. John C. Linehan, Concord, N. H.;
Hon. Thomas J. Gargan, Boston, Mass.; Mr. James Jeffrey Roche, editor of
_The Pilot_; Mr. T. B. Fitzpatrick, of Brown, Durrell & Co., Boston; Mr.
Joseph P. Flatley, Boston; Mr. Joseph F. Swords, Hartford, Conn.; Dr.
Thomas Addis Emmet, grandnephew of the Irish patriot, Robert Emmet; Mr.
Thomas B. Lawler, Worcester, Mass.; Hon. John D. Crimmins, New York; Mr.
Frank C. Travers, New York; Capt. E. O’Meagher Condon, Washington, D.
C.; Mr. Stephen J. Geoghegan, New York; Thomas Dunn English, Newark; and
many others.

The business meeting and annual election took place at 7.30 P.M., and
was held in the grand ballroom of the San Remo, which was comfortably
filled.

General O’Beirne called the assemblage to order. Secretary-General
Murray read the records of the previous meeting held by the society in
Boston, and the same were approved.

It was announced that since that meeting three members of the society
had died. They were: Hon. Owen A. Galvin, Boston; Hon. Charles B.
Gafney, Rochester, N. H.; and Hon. John Cochran, New York City.

Committees were appointed to take suitable action on the deceased
members.

The committee on audit, appointed to examine the books of the
Treasurer-General, consisted of Judge Wauhope Lynn, New York; Mr. T. B.
Lawler, Worcester, Mass.; and Mr. Michael Brennan, New York. The
committee reported the books as displaying excellent system and
arrangement, and the accounts of receipts and expenditures as being in
an eminently satisfactory condition. The report was unanimously approved
and adopted.

The society then proceeded to the election of new members, and some
thirty were admitted from New York, Virginia, Texas, and other states.
Among these new members is the Rev. Dr. McComb, a Presbyterian minister
of New York City.

The proposed amendment to Article XII of the Constitution was adopted.
It provided for an increase of ten in the make-up of the council of the
society. The new members elected to the council under this provision
comprise: Hon. Morgan J. O’Brien, a Justice of the New York Supreme
Court; Hon. John D. Crimmins; Mr. Joseph F. Swords, Hartford, Conn.; Dr.
Thomas Addis Emmet, New York; Mr. Stephen J. Geoghegan, Mr. Francis
Higgins, Hon. James S. Coleman, and F. C. Travers, New York City.

In addition to the foregoing, the annual election resulted as follows:
President-General, Edward A. Moseley, Washington, D. C.;
Secretary-General, Thomas Hamilton Murray, Pawtucket, R. I.;
Treasurer-General, Hon. John C. Linehan, Concord, N. H.; Librarian and
Archivist, Thomas B. Lawler, Worcester, Mass. These are all reëlections.

After the transactions of some routine matters the business meeting
adjourned.

A short time later the line was formed and marched to the banquet hall,
which was handsomely decorated. In the rear of the presiding officer’s
chair was a glory of flags in which the star-spangled banner and the
Irish tricolor predominated. American and Irish flags of small size were
also distributed adown the tables, mingled with flowers and potted
plants. Overhead the effulgence of a thousand electric lights served to
add further brilliancy to the scene.

In a bower composed of huge palms and smaller plants was stationed an
orchestra which discoursed sweet music during the repast. The company
around the board represented, without exaggeration, several million
dollars. Catholics and Protestants were there, Democrats, Republicans,
and Independents. It was a remarkable gathering in many ways, and was
indicative of the strength and representative character already attained
by the society.

General O’Beirne presided, and seated on his right and left were Dr.
Thomas Addis Emmet, Hon. Thomas Dunn English, Hon. John D. Crimmins,
Hon. Thomas J. Gargan, James Jeffrey Roche, Joseph Smith, Judge Wauhope
Lynn, Hon. John C. Linehan, F. C. Travers, V. P. Travers, John Crane,
and T. B. Lawler.

Also present were noted: Commissioner Coleman, New York; Capt. E. T.
McCrystal, of the Sixty-Ninth Regiment, New York; Dr. T. F. Harrington
and Dr. George Leahey, Lowell, Mass.; Commissioner McSweeney, New York;
W. F. Foley, Houston, Texas; John J. Rooney; and about one hundred
others.

The menu card was especially designed for the occasion and elicited much
favorable comment. During the evening a copy of the first Yearbook of
the society was presented to each member present.

A feature of the evening was the rendition by the orchestra of “Ben
Bolt,” out of compliment to the author, Dr. Thomas Dunn English, who
was present. He is now about eighty years of age, and tears glistened
in the old man’s eyes at this thoughtful tribute. The post-prandial
exercises were opened by General O’Beirne who, after a stirring
address on the objects of the society, read the annual address of the
President-General, which was frequently applauded. He then
successively introduced the speakers of the evening, who were Dr.
Emmet, Dr. English, Mr. Gargan, Colonel Linehan, Captain Condon, Judge
Lynn, and a number of others.

A great feature of this part of the program was an able paper by Mr.
Joseph Smith, on “American History as it is Falsified.” He said:

                SOME WAYS IN WHICH HISTORY IS FALSIFIED.

  When the American-Irish Historical Society was organized a year ago
  in Boston, it declared its purpose to be the investigation into, and
  the recording of, the influence of the Irish element in the
  up-building of the American nation. We said then that the work and
  contributions of the Irish race on this soil had received scant
  recognition from the writers of American history; and we announced
  that whether that omission sprang from carelessness, ignorance,
  indifference, or design was not so important as the imperative
  necessity of remedying such a state of affairs in the interest of
  historical accuracy and racial fair play. For the past year our
  society has been in its formative stages; in the coming years I have
  ample faith that numbers, funds, earnestness, and enthusiasm will
  enable us to do our work effectively.

  American history is being rewritten; the legendary and sentimental
  method of writing it is growing in disfavor; a scientific age
  demands the truth, and under its insistence new data are coming to
  light and old myths are passing away. It is beginning to dawn on
  American minds that this republic is the child of Europe and not of
  England; that old man of buckram—the Anglo-Saxon—is having a hard
  time with that new man of straw—the Scotch-Irishman; and when
  science gets the latter on the dissecting table there won’t be much
  left of him but rags and papier-maché.

  To-night I will try to direct your attention to “Some Ways in which
  American History is Falsified”; and by falsification I do not mean
  so much the deliberate perversion of facts as I do the false effects
  produced by evasion, distortion, wrong point of view, and the
  physical and mental limitations and defects of writers, which in
  their results are quite as mischievous as those produced by
  perversion and design.

  I will for my purposes group my object lessons under four heads,
  illustrating each with a writer passing current as an historian.

  1. _Mental Invalidism._ The disease of certain literary doctrinaires
  whose natural defects have been aggravated by education and fixed by
  training. Prof. John W. Burgess, of Columbia University, is a fine
  type of this arrogant school of dogmatism.

  2. _Legend and Sentiment._ The exploitation of legends, inherited
  ideas, race and family myths, made current and passing into
  literature by the efforts of those whose faith in folklore as
  historical data is profound, and to whom facts and documentary
  evidence are unimportant. Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, an amateur
  historian, is the high priest of this cult; he is the custodian and
  incense swinger of the deified Puritan, the marvel and fountain of
  the graces of the modern age.

  3. _Imagination._ The school of writers who add to the gayety of
  nations, who make history from their own inner consciousness, and
  who record it as they imagine it ought to be, not as it is. Under
  this head comes that humorless horde of scribblers, the Scotch-Irish
  littérateurs, and the intellectual giant of Tennessee, Judge Temple,
  author of _Covenanter, Cavalier, Puritan_.

  4. _Carelessness and Credulity._ Writers who accept any evidence
  stated with solemnity and the air of authority, but who subject it
  to no tests to ascertain its verity and genuineness. Under this head
  I take exceptions to the statements made by Prof. John Fiske in a
  recent work, a writer hitherto regarded as safe and reliable.

  I will now devote a few minutes to a work entitled _Political
  Science and Constitutional Law_, written by Prof. John W. Burgess,
  of Columbia University, and designed to be a text-book for that and
  other educational institutions.

  Mr. Burgess is a rampant type of what a coldly critical and
  remorselessly correct writer, John M. Robertson, of London, calls a
  Celtophobe—a Celt hater. The learned Professor asserts dogmatically
  that the Celt never has, never can, and never will amount to
  anything nationally or politically; and that all law, order, and
  scientific government have sprung from and are due to what he calls
  the Teutonic races. Professor Burgess is a product of German
  training and education, and his views have received the cordial
  endorsement of such a calm and dispassionate authority as the London
  _Times_. The careful writer in stating his theory will fortify it
  with facts and figures and marshal his authorities before proceeding
  to erect a fabric on it; but Professor Burgess isn’t that kind of a
  man. He states his theory with an air of profound conviction and
  authority and goes ahead. His theory, like a good many other fabrics
  “made in Germany,” looks well, is calculated to deceive the unwary
  and unthinking, but under very ordinary scrutiny proves to be very
  commonplace, shoddy.

  Let me show you a few of the gems from his treasury:

  “Only the Teutonic races have produced national states.... The
  National State is thus the most modern and most complete solution of
  the whole problem of political organization which the world has as
  yet produced; and the fact that it is the creation of the Teutonic
  political genius stamps the Teutonic races as the political nations
  _par excellence_, and authorizes them in the economy of the world to
  assume the leadership in the establishment and administration of
  states.”

  This brilliant outburst winds up a series of equally impressive
  statements. Just what the Professor means by National States and
  political nations I do not know, nor am I sure he knows himself. At
  any rate, he appears to lay down a doctrine very delightful to these
  governments which bully nations and steal territories, if not quite
  so agreeable to those bullied and plundered.

  Now listen to his views on the unfortunate Celt; they have the old
  familiar ring of anti-Irish hysteria, for which familiarity has bred
  Irish contempt.

  “Personal attachment in small bodies to a chosen Chief is the
  peculiar political trait of the Celtic nations.... The effect of
  such a political character has always been the organization of the
  Celtic nations into numberless petty military States, in each of
  which individual rights have been ignored; between all of which
  civil war has been the permanent status; and against which foreign
  force has been continually successful.... Violence and Corruption
  have always marked the politics of Celtic nations.”

  Let us stop for a moment to analyze this tremendous blast from
  Columbia University, remembering that Germany and England are
  Professor Burgess’s ideal Teutonic nations.

  From the time of the Roman retrocession from England until the
  landing of William the Norman at Hastings, that unfortunate land was
  in the hands of one of the dullest, most unimaginative,
  worst-governed, and worst-governing races history mentions—the
  Saxons—for six hundred years; it had become a congeries of warring,
  military chieftainship, in which civilization was almost
  obliterated, learning had disappeared, religion was at its lowest
  ebb, life and property had no safety, the people were enslaved, and
  the coast harried by foreign and victorious foes. The advent of a
  strong conqueror—a mixed Celt and Norseman—changed all this,
  hammered England into a strong military kingdom, connected her with
  the civilization that has made the world what it is—the Latin—and
  did in six years what the pure Teutonic race had signally failed to
  do in as many centuries.

  Prior to the historic event known as the Reformation, Germany had as
  much peace as her neighbors—which wasn’t much—and all she had she
  owed to her intercourse with the Latin South, to her touch with the
  civilization and religion of Rome. After that event Germany was torn
  into factions, military chiefs sprang up, petty military states were
  made, violence and corruption were the rule, civilization
  retrogressed, the people were degraded and the land devastated.
  Germany was without unity; her mercenaries were for sale to the
  highest bidder; she was terrible only to her children, the prey of
  foreign forces, with civil war a permanent status. The advent of
  Napoleon was a blessing; he hammered a lot of petty principalities
  out of existence and formed two or three monarchies out of the
  bewildering many. The fall of Napoleon saw Germany a confederation,
  much after the fashion of pre-Reformation days, with Austria on top.
  Again came wars and dissensions, and finally the strong conqueror
  who united Germany against a common foe and made her what she is
  to-day. Germany, I take it, is the highest political expression of
  the Teutonic race, according to the dictum of Professor Burgess.
  What is it?

  A military despotism of the most mediæval type, governed by an
  autocrat of doubtful sanity, whose person is more sacred apparently
  than that of the Deity; a land whence the people fly to seek safety,
  peace, liberty; a government that is a constant threat to the peace
  and civilization of the earth and that embodies all the reactionary
  principles a free people hate.

  One does not expect the German professor, his disciple, or the mole
  in the earth to see what is going on in the sunlight.

  If we turn to Ireland we see nothing but violence, corruption, and
  plunder in the methods of the Teutonic race ruling there; and we
  observe improvement in Irish affairs only with the decrease of
  English influences and the increase of Irishmen in Irish affairs.

  It is a favorite axiom of the Teutonic writer of the Burgess type,
  wherever English and German rule is a failure, that the people ruled
  are unfit for government. Did it ever occur to them that the shoe is
  on the other foot—they are unfit to govern?

  The unfitness of the English to govern Ireland is historic; it was
  exhibited in America, as some may recall; it is notorious in India
  and round the earth. The best-governed possessions of England are
  the lands where Englishmen are least in evidence. Germany in Africa
  is producing the usual harvest of Teutonic “genius”—depopulation and
  devastation.

  But Mr. Burgess has a theory, and he does not propose to hamper it
  with facts. He asserts that the government—the political
  organization—of Spain, Italy, and Portugal are the results of
  Teutonic genius. This will probably be news to the world; but if the
  debility, decay, and general rottenness of those kingdoms are the
  result of Teutonic genius, the sooner they try the genius of the
  negro and the Chinaman the better for them. He covers whatever
  political good may exist in Greece, Bulgaria, and Roumania by
  attributing it to the impecunious German princes now adorning the
  rickety thrones in those lands. The idea is original, but not
  impressive. Why not attribute the political condition of Scandinavia
  to the presence on its throne for ninety years of Bernadotte, the
  French (Celtic) military adventurer, and his wife, the daughter of
  the Irish merchant Cleary, and their children? The logic is as good,
  or as bad, in one case as the other.

  But why go on with this tissue of professional rubbish?

  Nations are made what they are by climate, environment, peace, war,
  and economic and industrial conditions. Groups of men learn as does
  the individual, in the school of experience. Nations have no genius
  for anything; the botch work we call government to-day at its best
  is hardly a manifestation of genius. Nations may have temperaments,
  the product of experience, but only the individual has character.

  Professor Burgess is merely a mental invalid, an hysterical
  Celtophobe. He either forgets the existence of Rome and Greece, or
  he fails to understand the value of civilization and human
  experience; he is a kind of literary phonograph, repeating the
  slanders and absurdities which a school of race egotists have raised
  to a cult. He is a decidedly unsafe man to educate a coming
  generation of Americans, for the writer of solemn and dogmatic
  nonsense is unfit to train the American youth. Certainly no
  self-respecting man of Irish-Celtic blood should permit his children
  to attend a university where they are taught that the perpetrators
  of ages of outrage and wrong are divinely selected beings, chosen
  “to assume leadership in the establishment and administration of
  States.”

  If we desire that sort of rubbish taught, it is just as easy to
  secure professors at Bloomingdale as it is at Columbia.

  The legendary and sentimental makers of history seem to thrive best
  in New England; and a fine type of the cult is the so-called
  “scholar in politics,” Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, of Massachusetts
  and Nahant. There is in China a religion whose principal tenet is
  the worship of ancestors, the placation of ancestral manes. This
  religion is called Tavism; and possibly the purest type of Tavist,
  outside of China, is the junior senator from Massachusetts.

  Mr. Lodge is firmly convinced that the Puritan represents the
  perfect type of man; that the history of the world began in 1620;
  that the Puritan derived most of his excellence from being of
  English blood; and that, while Puritans were Dutch, French, Scotch,
  and even Irish, the lack of English blood somehow made them
  incomplete. While the ordinary English Puritan was a wonderful
  personage, the one who landed in Massachusetts was a genuine marvel,
  but when he settled around Boston and Nahant, he began to ooze
  genius and take on wings and halo. To this legend is added,
  sometimes by direct statement and sometimes by implication, the
  intelligence that all the great and good things that make this
  republic different from and superior to other lands are due to the
  miraculous powers of the Puritan. He is the creator of human
  freedom, the father of religion, liberty, and tolerance, the founder
  and originator of free schools, and the reputed author of so many
  ideas totally at variance with his narrow creed that were he to rise
  from his bed of clay in New England into the sunlight of to-day, he
  wouldn’t know himself.

  This is the school of historical incubation of which Mr. Lodge is
  the high priest. Mr. Lodge has many admirable qualities; but his
  mental vision is defective, strabismal, and his ancestral credulity
  amazing. I am satisfied that Mr. Lodge would not _knowingly_ do an
  unjust, intolerable, or dishonorable thing; but he is so en-webbed
  in tradition and so steeped in myth and legend that his rôle of
  historian is a decided misfit. How else can we account for the
  absurd theories he has exploited and the conception of historic
  events he has fathered in literature?

  Anybody who has even read his history of the _Thirteen Colonies_
  will learn that the success achieved in building them up was due to
  the Puritans; and one is convinced that had some wandering vagabond
  from Massachusetts been cast away on the coast of Spanish-America,
  the Latin Republics south of us would now be the model governments
  of the earth and probably be called “Anglo-Saxon” nations.
  Everything that makes for success he attributes to the Puritan; and
  he does it with such a solemn, awe-stricken lack of humor that the
  irreverent are moved to Homeric mirth.

  Now, as a matter of fact, the Puritan was a hard and fast bigot, who
  hated and persecuted everybody who differed from him religiously,
  and tolerated nobody; he was as priest-ridden as a Scotch
  Presbyterian, and he set up a system of Church and State that
  amounted almost to a theocracy. The climate and soil of New England
  made him a hard worker; his environment and neighbors, a stout
  fighter; but if his laws and records tell us any story, they say his
  morals and practices were no better than they ought to have been.

  New England in colonial days produced some shrewd and levelheaded
  men, but if she ever produced a great one, I have failed to catch
  his name. When the hour of her struggle came the same phenomenon was
  exhibited in New England as elsewhere in the Colonies; her natural
  leaders, the people of education and wealth, followed the fortunes
  of the oppressor, and the common people took up the cause of
  freedom. New England in the Revolution did her whole duty, but the
  other Colonies did not shirk, and furnished not only men and money,
  but the theater of war.

  Mr. Lodge is now furnishing “The Story of the Revolution” for
  _Scribner’s Magazine_, and already we can see his peculiar defects
  of historical vision in what he has written. Here is a hint of his
  ideas: “He [Washington] entered on the war with an army composed
  wholly of New England men. He ended the Revolution with an army,
  after seven years’ fighting, largely made up from the same New
  England people.” He does not say so in so many words, but he leads
  us to infer that the army between those two periods was made up of
  New England men. This sort of writing is as absurd as it would be to
  say New England did nothing. Has Mr. Lodge never heard of the 40,000
  men on the Revolutionary rolls of New York? Has it ever occurred to
  him that Pennsylvania, Virginia, and other Colonies furnished some
  men, money, and leaders? Have his historical researches ever led him
  far enough to learn that Yorktown might have been a waste of blood
  but for the armies and navies of France? Does he know that the
  soldiers of America’s ally were the regiments of a brigade
  immortalized on every battlefield of Europe,—the Irish Brigade?

  It is very doubtful. I sometimes wonder if Mr. Lodge knew what an
  Irishman was before he went into politics.

  In his account of Bunker Hill he hasn’t a word to say of Sullivan,
  whose capture of Fort William and Mary with its supplies of precious
  gunpowder made Bunker Hill possible; yet he has much to say of the
  lack of powder during the siege of Boston.

  He says the American soldiers engaged at Bunker Hill were “of almost
  pure English blood, with a slight mingling of Scotch-Irish from
  Londonderry.” I note among the dead killed there the following
  “Scotch-Irish” names: Broderick, Collins, Dalton, Dillon, Doyle,
  French, Haggett, McGrath; and Washington, desirous of recognizing
  this “Scotch” element in his army made St. Patrick the countersign
  on a certain evening during the siege. I recall that it was this
  same class of Irishmen with the Scotch prefix, from the New
  Hampshire town of Londonderry, called after an Irish town of that
  name, and which was originally planted by English and Irish, who
  insisted upon double rations of whiskey to celebrate St. Patrick’s
  day before Ticonderoga.

  Mr. Lodge should learn to call a spade a spade, an Irishman an
  Irishman, for we will. The desire of a certain class of people to
  call themselves “Scotch-Irish” may be passed by with a smile;
  ignorance and weakness deserve pity rather than censure; but we must
  insist that the dead of our race shall be neither miscalled nor
  misrepresented, and that their laurels shall not be filched nor
  their glory stolen by those who have neither pride nor scruples.

  Whatever Irish came from New Hampshire—and the hills were full of
  them—it would be a grave mistake to imagine that Massachusetts, so
  English and so Puritan, did not have her share. The Puritan
  Alva—Cromwell—and his villainous understrappers sent many a thousand
  Irish victims to Massachusetts Bay as bondmen and women; and
  voluntary immigration brought thousands of others. The town records
  show this; and whole districts in western Massachusetts were settled
  by them; and yet we are asked to believe that when men cease to be
  Catholic Irishmen they become Scotch-Irishmen. I can find no other
  excuse for the absurd title. Here are a few of the “Scotch-Irish”
  names on the rolls of the minute men of the day:

                          Joseph Burke,
                          Richard Burke,
                          Daniel Carey,
                          Joseph Carey,
                          Peter Carey,
                          Patrick Carroll,
                          Joseph Carroll,
                          Cornelius Cockran,
                          Daniel Connors,
                          William Connors,
                          James Dempsey,
                          Philip Donahue,
                          Joseph Donnell,
                          John Donnelly,
                          Andrew Dunnigan,
                          John Farley,
                          Michael Farley,
                          John Flood,
                          William Flood,
                          John Foley,
                          Matthew Gilligen,
                          Richard Gilpatrick,
                          James Gleason,
                          Daniel Griffin,
                          Joseph Griffin,
                          John Hacket,
                          Joseph Hacket,
                          John Haley,
                          John Kelly,
                          Patrick Kelly,
                          Peter Kelly,
                          Richard Kelly,
                          Stephen Kelly,
                          Daniel Lary,
                          Michael McDonnell,
                          Henry McGonegal,
                          John McGrah,
                          Daniel McGuire,
                          Patrick McKeen,
                          John McMullen,
                          John Mullin,
                          John Madden,
                          Daniel Mahon,
                          James Mallone,
                          John Mahoney,
                          John Murphy,
                          Patrick Newjent,
                          Patrick O’Brien,
                          Richard O’Brien,
                          Daniel Shay,
                          John Shea,
                          John Walsh,
                          Joseph Walsh.

  It is well to note that the English parliament of that day was
  looking keenly at the causes that cost England her mighty empire on
  this continent; and apparently they underrated the influence of Mr.
  Lodge’s Puritan in that struggle, and bitterly blamed the plain
  Irish without any Scotchery.

  Mr. Lodge means well; but folklore and history are two distinct
  affairs.

  The imaginative school of history finds its best exemplar in a
  gentleman from Tennessee, the home of the Cardiff giant, the
  Giascutus, and the Scotch-Irishman. He is known as Judge Temple, and
  has written a volume called _Covenanter, Cavalier, Puritan_,—a work
  which has shaken the earth and spoiled the apple crop. The Judge is
  original; he honors the Scotch-Irishman as he does all ghost
  dancers, but he has discovered that all the might of the republic
  sprang from the Covenanter. I know what a Covenanter used to be, but
  I can’t solve this covenanter of Judge Temple. I can explain him as
  he appears in this literary offspring of this intellectual Cardiff
  giant. If an Irishman a few years ago did anything extraordinary,
  wonderful, or notorious, he would have been a Scotch-Irishman; in
  the Temple history he is a Covenanter; if he breaks a bank, or a
  man’s head, or the Decalogue, he is merely an Irishman. Apply that
  rule to all men and you have history as it is hatched out in
  Tennessee. The Covenanter germ was born in Scotland and spread over
  America, creating miracles. As the natives of North Britain are not
  remarkable for national modesty and self-effacement, I am puzzled to
  learn how this conversion of the world to freedom and civilization
  has escaped the shrinking writers of Scotland. If Judge Temple is
  not restrained by an injunction at an early date, Professor Burgess
  and Senator Lodge will be compelled sorrowfully to march on
  Washington, there to deposit in the National Museum the Teutonic
  Genius and the Puritan Marvel; or they might be turned over to some
  of the Yellow Sundays which specialize the exploitation of freaks.

  Meantime we should keep our eye on Judge Temple, the young Lochinvar
  of history, who has come out of the South.

  In _Old Virginia and her Neighbors_, Vol. II, p. 391, Prof. John
  Fiske says: “Until recent years little has been written of the
  coming of the so-called Scotch-Irish to America, and yet it is an
  event of scarcely less importance than the exodus of English
  Puritans to New England and that of English Cavaliers to Virginia.
  It is impossible to understand the drift which American history,
  social and political, has taken since the time of Andrew Jackson,
  without studying the early life of the Scotch-Irish population of
  the Alleghany region, the pioneers of the American backwoods. I do
  not mean to be understood as saying that the whole of that
  population at the time of the Revolution was Scotch-Irish, for there
  was a considerable German element in it, besides an infusion of
  English moving inward from the coast. But the Scotch-Irish element
  was more numerous and far more important than all the rest.

  “Who were the people called by this rather awkward compound name
  Scotch-Irish? The answer carries us back to the year 1611, when
  James First began peopling Ulster with Colonists from Scotland and
  the North of England. The plan was to put into Ireland a Protestant
  population that might ultimately outnumber the Catholics and become
  the controlling element in the country. _The settlers were picked
  men and women of the most excellent sort._ By the middle of the
  seventeenth century there were 300,000 of them in Ulster.

  “That province had been the most neglected part of the island, a
  wilderness of bogs and fens; they transformed it into a garden. They
  also established manufactures of woolen and linens which have since
  been famous throughout the world. By the beginning of the eighteenth
  century their numbers had risen to nearly a million. Their social
  condition was not that of peasants; they were intelligent yeomanry
  and artisans. In a document, signed in 1718 by a miscellaneous group
  of 319 men, only thirteen made their mark, while 306 wrote their
  names in full. Nothing like that could have happened at that time in
  any other part of the British empire, hardly even in New England.

  “When these people began coming to America, those families that had
  been longest in Ireland had dwelt there but for three generations,
  and confusion of mind seems to lurk in any nomenclature which
  couples them with the true Irish. The antipathy between the
  Scotch-Irish as a group and the true Irish as a group is, perhaps,
  unsurpassed for bitterness and intensity. On the other hand, since
  love laughs at feuds and schisms, intermarriages between the
  Colonists of Ulster and the native Irish were by no means unusual,
  and instances occur of Murphys and McManuses of the Presbyterian
  faith. It was common in Ulster to allude to Presbyterians as
  ‘Scotch,’ to Roman Catholics as ‘Irish,’ and to members of the
  English Church as ‘Protestants,’ without much reference to pedigree.
  From this point of view the term ‘Scotch’ may be defensible,
  provided we do not let it conceal the fact that the people to whom
  it applied are for the most part Lowland-Scotch Presbyterians, very
  slightly hibernicized in blood.”

  Again, “By 1719 this hope was torn away, and from that year until
  the passage of the Toleration Act for Ireland in 1782, the people of
  Ulster kept flocking to America. Of all the migrations to America
  previous to the days of steamships this was far the largest in
  volume. One week of 1727 landed six ship loads at Philadelphia. In
  the two years 1773 and 1774 more than 30,000 came. In 1770 one-third
  of the population of Pennsylvania was Scotch-Irish. Altogether
  between 1730 and 1770, I think it probable that at least half a
  million of souls were transferred from Ulster to the American
  Colonies, making not less than one-sixth of our population at the
  time of the Revolution.”

  The merest examination of this will show that the writer is on
  uncertain ground; he is begging the question; his own training and
  education convince him that there is a false ring to the term
  “Scotch-Irish”; the statements he makes, or quotes, show the
  earmarks of that organized humbug the Scotch-Irish Society; and he
  is reluctant to face the question squarely, and, by reversing the
  conventional concealments, evasions, and falsifications which have
  marked the writing of American history in the interest of the
  English element, acknowledge the splendid work done by the Irish in
  America.

  Let us examine his statements in detail.

  Relative to Ulster settlement he says: “The settlers were picked men
  and women of the most excellent sort. By the middle of the
  seventeenth century there were 300,000 of them in Ulster. The
  province was a wilderness of bogs and fens; they transformed it into
  a garden. They also established manufactures of woolens and linens;
  ... they were intelligent yeomanry and artisans.”

  These extracts are the amusing myths of the Scotch-Irish Society. We
  have an emigration from Scotland by, say 1650, of 300,000, with no
  account of the English, French, Walloon, and German emigrants who
  were introduced, and nothing said about the original settlers of
  Ulster, the Irish. In 1659 Sir W. Petty, a government official in
  Ulster, estimated the population as follows: Irish, 63,350; English,
  Scotch, and other aliens, 40,571; a total of 103,921. It is very
  possible that Sir W. Petty’s estimate was correct; that he would
  find it very difficult to arrive at a correct estimate of the Irish;
  and much more easy to get at the numbers of those who were naturally
  the English supporters. It is well to recall that at the date of
  this estimate Ireland had gone through the horrors of twelve years
  of Civil War, marked by cruelty of the most ferocious kind; that the
  Cromwellians had added deportation and slavery in the Americas to
  their other crimes and abominations; that Cromwell had settled his
  own soldiers on confiscated lands; and that he was not particularly
  partial to the Scotch, whom he had fought and defeated, and whose
  immigration he was not likely to encourage at a time when they were
  parleying with the exiled Charles and plotting the downfall of the
  Commonwealth.

  Professor Fiske’s 300,000 seem to vanish in smoke.

  The character of the population introduced into a country where the
  natives are treated as outlaws and wild beasts by the government, is
  not hard to guess. It is not at all likely that it is going to
  consist of model farmers, expert artisans, pious, educated, peaceful
  men and women; that kind of people usually remain at home. The
  adventurer, the ne’er-do-well, the poor, the desperate, the
  homeless; those are the kind willing to face the hazards of war and
  fortune in a land where the natives are hard fighters and haters of
  the government, even though exhausted by war.

  The Rev. Andrew Stewart, Presbyterian pastor of Donaghadee from 1645
  to 1671, who was born and raised in Ulster, leaves this record of
  Professor Fiske’s selected yeomanry and artisans:

  “From Scotland came many, and from England not a few; yet all of
  them generally the scum of both nations, who for debt, or breaking,
  or fleeing from justice, or seeking shelter, came hither, hoping to
  be without fear of man’s justice in a land where there was nothing,
  or but little as yet, of the fear of God.”

  Such were the selected yeomanry; selected evidently by the king’s
  writ, by the beggarly planters who received the stolen lands from a
  beggarly king, and by the London guides whose gold went into the
  king’s pocket.

  The reverend gentleman gives us a further hint of the people who
  came thus running from the sheriff and the heavy hand of the law. He
  says: “In a few years there flocked such a multitude of people from
  Scotland that the Counties of Down, Antrim, Londonderry, etc., were
  in a good measure planted; yet most of the people made up a body—and
  it is strange—of different names, nations, dialects, tempers, and
  breeding, all void of Godliness, who seemed rather to flee God in
  this enterprise, than to follow their mercy; albeit at first it must
  be remembered that they cared little for any church.”

  People of many nations and dialects coming out of Scotland needs an
  explanation. Mr. Motley, in his history of the Dutch Republic,
  throws a great light on this subject. He says in effect that the
  religious wars of Protestant and Catholic, and the persecutions
  growing out of them of the ever-increasing sectaries, drove shoals
  of artisans from Germany, Holland, and France to England. Elizabeth
  of England had troubles of her own; and while she quarreled with the
  Pope and disputed his headship, she was jealously insistent of her
  own leadership of her state church and had no use for the pugnacious
  sectaries from across the Channel. In time, owing to the English
  jealousy of foreigners and rival manufacturers and the Queen’s
  abhorrence of rebels against divinely selected kings, Elizabeth shut
  down on the refugees and refused them asylum. In those days it was a
  much graver offense to insult the majesty of earth than heaven.
  Scotland, then in the throes of religious squabbles and the game of
  church plundering and under the practical guidance of the amiable
  John Knox, gave them a welcome as kindred spirits. When other days
  came, when Mary’s head had rolled from the block at Fotheringay,
  when her wretched son was enthroned, the foreign element found
  Scotland a poor land to live in. The settlement of Ulster gave them
  their chance, and they flocked there with Scotchmen and Englishmen,
  to settle down and intermarry and become—as all before them had
  become at that Irish crucible—Irish.

  The forms of religious dissent driven out of Europe to Great
  Britain, like Presbyterianism, had a common basis of agreement in
  their common Calvinism, and the foreigners naturally drifted into
  that form of ecclesiastical organization. Few went into the Anglican
  State Church, and many of that faith drifted away from it to
  Catholicity and Presbyterianism; and it was a special subject of
  reproach later that the state-beneficed clergy caused such a state
  of affairs by their indifference and greed.

  But it remains for American historians to find the terms race and
  religion synonymous, and to advise an astonished world that when an
  Irishman, Frenchman, Englishman, Dutchman, or Walloon, adopts
  Presbyterianism as his religious faith, he is at once transformed
  into that hyphenated hybrid, a Scotch-Irishman.

  This is one of the marvels of this inventive age.

  Before Professor Fiske—for whose talent and industry I have a very
  great respect—gives us his promised views on the Scotch-Irishman in
  his forthcoming work, _The Dutch and Quaker Settlements in America_,
  let me propound a question or two to him.

  If, as is pretended, a certain number of Lowland Scotchmen of the
  Presbyterian religion accomplished so much in Ulster and America,
  why have not the great majority of the same people accomplished as
  much in their own land and elsewhere, when all the conditions were
  in their favor? And again, if so much was accomplished by an Irish
  environment and an Irish racial admixture, and so little achieved by
  the pure Scot under more favorable circumstances, is it not a
  reasonable deduction that the Irish element was the responsible
  factor in the achievement? If not, why not?

[Illustration:

  GEN. A. G. MALLOY
  TEXAS
]

[Illustration:

  TIMOTHY P. SULLIVAN
  NEW HAMPSHIRE
]

                            VICE-PRESIDENTS

[Illustration:

  ANDREW ATHY
  WORCESTER, MASS.
]

[Illustration:

  CAPT. JOHN DRUM, U. S. A.
]

  That invader and invaded should hate each other bitterly is not of
  any particular importance as bearing on nationality; it is the
  experience of all lands and races. Presbyterian Murphys and
  McManuses are no argument for Scotch Murphys and McManuses; it may
  indicate intermarriage and change of religious faith; it can’t
  indicate a change of blood. The transformation of bogs and fens into
  gardens is merely a fairy story; the bogs and fens are in Ulster
  to-day. The fertile valleys of Ulster, ready to be entered on, were
  the bait to catch settlers, for the defeated and disheartened native
  Irish had been driven to the barren hills and bogs. Men as a rule
  don’t risk life and fortune for the privilege of transforming bogs
  into gardens in a hostile country; and, moreover, Motley says
  England and Scotland in that age had the rudest system of
  agriculture in Europe. The higher system of agriculture, as well as
  the woolen and linen industries, came with the skilled exiles from
  Holland and France; and even as great a plunderer as Wentworth was
  wise enough to foster them. And I might ask, why didn’t these
  marvelous Scots make their own country famous for woolen and linen
  industries, when they made their own laws and could snap their
  fingers at English jealousy?

  Finally, if these people were Scotch “slightly hibernicized,” why
  did they on their arrival in America organize “Irish societies”? Why
  did they name towns and rivers with Irish names? Why did they
  celebrate St. Patrick’s day rather than St. Andrew’s?

  It will pay Professor Fiske to examine into the Irish emigration of
  the eighteenth century and learn, as less erudite people have done,
  that as much of this stream flowed from Limerick, Cork, Waterford,
  Dublin, and English Bristol as from Ulster; and that Leinster and
  Munster poured in nearly as many Irish to Colonial America as did
  the northern provinces. What he is unwittingly doing is settling up
  the abhorrent dividing lines of religion and marking off our race
  into “Irish-Irish” and “Scotch-Irish” upon the lines of Catholicity
  and Protestantism. I as one of the Protestant Irish most strenuously
  object; the name Irish was good enough for my fathers; their son is
  proud to wear it as they did; and we must all insist that the Irish,
  without prefixes, without hyphens, without any qualification, all
  children of a common and well-loved motherland, shall be given their
  full measure of credit for the splendid work done by the race in
  America.

  If Professor Fiske is true to himself and the principles and canons
  of his calling, he will find the truth and tell it, and waste no
  valuable time chasing myths and will-o’-the-wisps.

As an indication of the great interest of the occasion it may be
remarked that the exercises were not brought to a close until 2.30
o’clock the next morning. Before adjourning, resolutions of condolence
on the loss of the U. S. S. _Maine_ were adopted by a standing vote, and
the Secretary-General was instructed to transmit a copy of the
resolutions to the President of the United States and to the Secretary
of the Navy.

On Friday afternoon the members of the society were given a reception by
Hon. John D. Crimmins, at his home, 40 East 68th Street. It was a most
charming occasion. About forty gentlemen attended, including Dr. Emmet
and his son; General O’Beirne and Captain McCrystal, of New York; and P.
J. Flatley, of Boston; Thomas Hamilton Murray, of Rhode Island; J. F.
Swords, of Hartford; O’Meagher Condon, of Washington, D. C.; Joseph
Smith, of Lowell, Mass.; James Jeffrey Roche, Thomas B. Lawler, Michael
Brennan, and many others.

The company first inspected Mr. Crimmins’s fine library and were shown
many books and manuscripts, some of them of great rarity and value. A
lunch was then served, after which the visitors were shown the
magnificent collection of paintings for which Mr. Crimmins is so well
known among lovers of art.


                 THE AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY.


                       _When and where Founded._

The American-Irish Historical Society was founded on the evening of Jan.
20, 1897, at a meeting called for that purpose, and held in the Revere
House, Boston, Mass. Over forty gentlemen were present. The Hon. Thomas
J. Gargan, of Boston, presided. Thomas Hamilton Murray, then editor of
the _Daily Sun_, Lawrence, Mass., was secretary of the meeting. The
provisional committee that had attended to the preliminary work included
Mr. Murray, just mentioned; Mr. James Jeffrey Roche, editor of the
Boston _Pilot_; Mr. Joseph Smith, Secretary of the Police Commission,
Lowell, Mass.; Mr. Thomas B. Lawler, of the publishing house, Ginn &
Company, Boston, Mass.; and Hon. John C. Linehan, State Insurance
Commissioner, Concord, N. H. Four states—Maine, New Hampshire,
Massachusetts, and Rhode Island—were represented among those in
attendance. Letters conveying good wishes were received from
Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, South
Carolina, Georgia, Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and the District of
Columbia.


                        _Objects and Purposes._

The society is organized for the special study of the Irish element in
the composition of the American people; to investigate and record the
influence of this element in the up-building of the nation, and to
collect and publish facts relating to and illustrating that influence.
People of Irish blood have been coming to this continent, voluntarily
and otherwise, since the date of its earliest settlements. While they
have been a valuable addition to colony and republic in all departments
of human activity, their work and contributions have received but scant
recognition from chroniclers of American history. Whether this omission
springs from carelessness, ignorance, indifference, or design is now of
little moment. The fact that such a condition does exist makes it
imperative that it should be remedied. The society purposes to remedy
it.


                           _More in Detail._

Speaking more in detail, it may be stated that the objects and purposes
of the society are: The study of American history generally; to
investigate, specially, the Irish immigration to this country, determine
its numbers, examine the sources, learn the places of its settlement,
and estimate its influence on contemporary events in war, legislation,
religion, education, and other departments of activity; to examine
records of every character, wherever found, calculated to throw light on
the work of the Irish element in this broad land; to endeavor to correct
erroneous, distorted, and false views of history, where they are known,
and to substitute therefor the truth of history, based on documentary
evidence and the best and most reasonable tradition in relation to the
Irish in America; to place the result of its historical investigations
and researches in acceptable literary form; to print, publish, and
distribute its documents to libraries, institutions of learning, and
among its members, in order that the widest dissemination of historical
truth may be obtained; to do its work without passion or prejudice; to
view accomplished facts in the true scientific historical spirit, and
having reached the truth to give it to the world.


                       _Membership Requirements._

Any person of good moral character who is interested in the special work
of the society shall be deemed eligible for membership in the same. No
tests other than that of character and devotion to the society’s objects
shall be applied to membership. The society comprises life members and
annual members and may also elect honorary and corresponding members.


                        _The Mode of Admission._

The society believes that for the present as little red tape as possible
should prevail in the admission of applicants. A large membership is
desired. Consequently, a request to be enrolled, addressed to the
Secretary-General, to any of the members of the Executive Council, or to
a member of the society who is located in the neighborhood of the
applicant, will generally be sufficient to effect the desired result.


                   _Non-Sectarian and Non-Political._

The society is constructed on a broad and liberal basis. It is
non-sectarian and non-political. Being an American organization in
spirit and principle, it greets and welcomes to its ranks Americans of
whatever race descent and of whatever creed who take an interest in the
special line of work for which the society is organized. It at present
includes Roman Catholics, Protestant Episcopalians, Methodists,
Presbyterians, Unitarians, and members of other denominations. Catholic
priests and Protestant ministers are on its roll. Republicans,
Democrats, and men of no political party affiliations are numbered among
its members.


                         _The Fees of Members._

Life members pay fifty dollars in advance at one time; they are exempt
from further membership dues. Annual members pay three dollars per year
each. For the present no initiation fee is required. Massachusetts, New
York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia are already represented in the
list of life members. The membership roll also contains the names of
gentlemen of the seventh, eighth, and ninth American generations.


                       _The Society’s Officers._

The officers comprise a President-General, a Secretary-General, a
Treasurer-General, a Librarian and Archivist, an Historiographer (not
yet elected), and an Executive Council. The constitution also provides
for a Vice-President for each state and territory and for the District
of Columbia. It is proposed to eventually organize state and city
chapters of the society. A list of the present officers will be found
contained herein.


                     _The First President-General._

The first President-General of the society was Richard Worsam Meade, 3d,
Rear-Admiral, U. S. N. (retired). He was born in New York City, Oct. 9,
1837, at the home of his maternal grandfather, Judge Henry Meigs, which
family has given many officers to the United States Navy. He was the
oldest son of the late Capt. Richard Worsam Meade, 2d, U. S. N., and was
a nephew of the late Gen. George Gordon Meade, who for two years
commanded the Army of the Potomac. President-General Meade died in
Washington, D. C., May 4, 1897. His obsequies took place in that city.
The Society contributed a floral harp. Among the mourners there were
present from the society: Messrs. Edward A. Moseley, J. R. Carmody, J.
D. O’Connell, and Capt. John M. Tobin. The honorary bearers were:
Rear-Admiral John G. Walker, Commodore Charles S. Norton, Admiral George
Dewey, Commodore Norman H. Farquhar, Commodore Winfield S. Schley, Capt.
A. S. Crowinshield, Capt. Charles O’Neil, U. S. N., and Col. Charles
Heywood, United States Marine Corps. Eight stalwart seamen bore the
body. A battalion of marines from the Washington barracks, under command
of Capt. E. B. Robinson, and a delegation from Lafayette Post of New
York City, escorted the body to Arlington, preceded by the United States
Marine Band.


                       _Meetings and Field Day._

Provision is made for quarterly meetings of the society and monthly
meetings of the Executive Council. As far as possible, each meeting,
especially those of the Council, is held in a city or state different
from the one where the preceding meeting was held. This prevents the
society from becoming merely local to any one state or city, and makes
it what its founders intended it to be—a national body. A general field
day of the organization is held annually in the summer or fall. The
annual meeting for the election of officers is held in January.


                        _Diploma of Membership._

Each member will be entitled to a diploma of membership, bearing the
name of the society, the date of his admission, and such other
appropriate matter as may be decided upon. These certificates will be
signed by the President-General, the Secretary-General, the
Treasurer-General, and one or two other officers, and will be suitable
for display in office, library, or study.


                     _The Society’s Publications._

The publications of the society consist of two classes—regular and
special. A copy of every regular publication will be supplied free to
each member. Special publications will be supplied at the actual cost
price. Both classes of publications will contain a record of the
society’s proceedings, papers contributed by the members as the result
of original research, extracts from old documents bearing upon the Irish
in this country, or similar matter of interest, much of it, indeed, of
priceless value for preservation and reference. These publications will
be thoroughly indexed.




                        THE SOCIETY’S OFFICERS.


                           President-General,
                          =Edward A. Moseley=,
           Interstate Commerce Commission, Washington, D. C.

                           Secretary-General,
                       =Thomas Hamilton Murray=,
              Editor, 1 Beechwood Avenue, Pawtucket, R. I.

                           Treasurer-General,
                           =John C. Linehan=,
              State Insurance Commissioner, Concord, N. H.

                        Librarian and Archivist,
                  =Thomas B. Lawler=, Worcester, Mass.
 (With Ginn & Company, Publishers, Boston, New York, Chicago, London.)


                           EXECUTIVE COUNCIL.

                           The foregoing and

 =James Jeffrey Roche=, Editor _The Pilot_, Boston, Mass.
 =Maurice F. Egan=, Catholic University, Washington, D. C.
 =Hon. Morgan J. O’Brien=, New York City.
 =Hon. John D. Crimmins=, New York City.
 =Thomas J. Gargan=, of the law firm, Gargan & Keating, Boston, Mass.
 =Joseph Smith=, Secretary of the Board of Police, Lowell, Mass.
 =Hon. James S. Coleman=, New York City.
 =Robert Ellis Thompson=, President Central High School, Philadelphia,
    Pa.
 =Frank C. Travers=, New York City.
 =Hon. Thomas Dunn English=, Newark, N. J.
 =Stephen J. Geoghegan=, New York City.
 =T. Russell Sullivan=, a descendant of Gov. James Sullivan of
    Massachusetts, Boston.
 =Francis Higgins=, New York City.
 =Augustus St. Gaudens=, New York City.
 =Joseph F. Swords=, Hartford, Ct.


                         STATE VICE-PRESIDENTS.

 Maine—=James Cunningham=, Portland.
 New Hampshire—=Timothy P. Sullivan=, Concord.
 Vermont—=T. W. Moloney=, Rutland.
 Massachusetts—=Osborne Howes=, Boston.
 Rhode Island—=M. Joseph Harson=, Providence.
 Connecticut—=Hon. Thomas M. Waller=, former Governor of Connecticut.
 New York—=Gen. James R. O’Beirne=, New York City.
 New Jersey—=Hon. William McAdoo=, Assistant Secretary of the Navy under
    President Cleveland, Washington, D. C.
 Pennsylvania—=Gen. St. Clair A. Mulholland=, Philadelphia.
 Virginia—=Hon. Joseph T. Lawless=, Richmond.
 West Virginia—=O’Brien Moore=, Charleston.
 South Carolina—=Ex-U. S. Senator M. C. Butler=, Edgefield.
 Georgia—=Ex-U. S. Senator Patrick Walsh=, Augusta.
 Ohio—=Rev. George W. Pepper=, Cleveland.
 Indiana—=Very Rev. Andrew Morrissey=, Notre Dame.
 Missouri—=Julius L. Foy=, Esq.
 Michigan—=Hon. T. A. E. Weadock=, Detroit.
 Colorado—=Dr. James E. Lowery=, Sopris.
 Utah—=Joseph Geoghegan=, Salt Lake City.
 Texas—=Gen. A. G. Malloy=, El Paso.
 District of Columbia—=J. D. O’Connell=, Washington.




                            MEMBERSHIP ROLL,
                   AMERICAN-IRISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY.


  =Abbott, F. J.=, 8 I Street, South Boston, Mass.

  =Ackland, Thomas J.=, editorial department, _The Pilot_, 630
    Washington Street, Boston, Mass.

  =Ahern, John=, 5 Highland Street, Concord, N. H.

  =Ahern, William J.=, 64 Franklin Street, Concord, N. H.; has served
    as a member of the Legislature of New Hampshire.

  =Alley, John R.= (life member of the society), 123 Heath Street,
    Roxbury (Boston), Mass.

  =Armstrong, Col. James=, Charleston, S. C.; Board of Harbor
    Commissioners.

  =Arundel, Edward L.=, ex-member City Council, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Aspell, Dr. John=, 357 West 56th Street, New York City.

  =Aylward, James F.=, 347 Tremont Building, Boston, Mass.


  =Barnes, James=, Players’ Club, New York City; grandnephew of
    Commodore Jack Barry.

  =Barrett, David L.=, Englewood, N. J.

  =Barrett, Dr. Thomas J.=, 41 Wellington Street, Worcester, Mass.;
    member State Board of Dental Registration.

  =Barry, H. Nason=, _The Pilot_ Office, 630 Washington Street,
    Boston, Mass.

  =Barry, Very Rev. John E.=, Vicar-General Roman Catholic Diocese of
    Manchester, N. H.; residence, Concord, N. H.

  =Bennett, Joseph M.= (M. D.), 186 Broad Street, Providence, R. I.; a
    brother of Secretary of State Bennett of Rhode Island.

  =Betts, Rev. George C.=, Rector St. James’s Protestant Episcopal
    Church, Goshen, N. Y.

  =Birmingham, Robert M.= (M. D.), South Lawrence, Mass.

  =Bodfish, Rev. Joshua P.=, Rector St. John’s Roman Catholic Church,
    Canton, Mass.

  =Boland, Michael J.=, Biddeford, Me.

  =Bolton, Rev. J. Gray= (D. D.) (Presbyterian), 1906 Pine Street,
    Philadelphia, Pa.

  =Boyle, Hon. Patrick J.=, Mayor of Newport, R. I.

  =Boyle, Thomas H.=, 25 Merrimack Street, Lowell, Mass.

  =Bradley, Richard E.=, 122 Monument Street, Portland, Me.

  =Bradley, William J.=, lawyer, Central Building, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Brady, Col. James D.=, Kellogg Building, Washington, D. C.;
    ex-Member of Congress from Virginia; during the war joined the
    37th N. Y. Volunteers (Irish Rifles), of which he was adjutant;
    transferred to the 69th N. Y. Volunteers (of the Irish Brigade),
    which he subsequently commanded.

  =Brady, Rev. Cyrus Townsend=, Protestant Episcopal Archdeacon of
    Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.

  =Brandon, Edward J.=, City Clerk, Cambridge, Mass.

  =Brannigan, Felix=, Assistant Attorney-General, Department of
    Justice, Washington, D. C.

  =Bree, Jr., James P.=, 820 Chapel Street, New Haven, Ct.

  =Breen, Hon. John=, Lawrence, Mass.; vice-chairman of the School
    Board; served three terms as Mayor of Lawrence.

  =Brennan, James F.=, attorney and counsellor-at-law, Peterborough,
    N. H.; delivered an address on the early Irish settlers at the
    150th anniversary of Peterborough.

  =Brennan, Michael=, 2 West 75th Street, New York City; proprietor of
    the Hotel San Remo, 74th and 75th Streets and Central Park West.

  =Brennan, Thomas S.=, 353 West 56th Street, New York City.

  =Broderick, James A.=, Opera Block, Manchester, N. H.

  =Broderick, Rev. Thos. W.=, Hartford, Ct.

  =Broe, James A.=, 478 Congress Street, Portland, Me.

  =Brophy, John P.= (Ph.D., LL.D.), 321 West 137th Street, New York
    City.

  =Brosnahan, Rev. Timothy=, Rector St. Mary’s Church, Waltham, Mass.

  =Brown, Col. William L.=, _Daily News_, New York City.

  =Bryson, John=, 677 Elm Street, Manchester, N. H.

  =Buckley, Dennis T.=, 19 Bacon Street, Biddeford, Me.

  =Bucklin, Hon. Elisha W.=, Pawtucket, R. I.; ex-State Auditor of
    Rhode Island.

  =Butler, Hon. Matthew C.=, ex-United States Senator, Edgefield, S.
    C.

  =Butler, Rev. Thomas F.=, Lewiston, Me.

  =Burke, J. E.=, Superintendent of Public Schools, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Burke, Robert E.=, recently City Solicitor, Newburyport, Mass.

  =Burke, Tobias A.=, _Argus_ Office, Portland, Me.

  =Byrne, John=, 45 Wall Street, New York City.


  =Cahill, M. J.=, dry-goods merchant, Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Callaghan, Lawrence=, manufacturer, 95 Locke Street, Haverhill,
    Mass.

  =Callahan, John A.=, School Principal, 79 Lincoln Street, Holyoke,
    Mass.

  =Callahan, John F.=, 202–206 Lincoln Street, Boston, Mass.

  =Callanan, E. J.=, of Marlier, Callanan & Co., 172 Tremont Street,
    Boston, Mass.

  =Calnin, James=, 101–107 Lakeview Avenue, Lowell, Mass.

  =Campbell, James P.=, lawyer, 20 West 70th Street, New York City.

  =Cannon, James N.=, 240 Hamilton Street, New Haven, Ct.

  =Cantwell, John J.=, Brookline, Mass.

  =Canty, T. W.=, Chicopee, Mass.

  =Carey, Jeremiah J.=, office the _Sunday Star_, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Carmichael, James H.=, Lowell, Mass.

  =Carmody, John R.=, Paymaster U. S. N.; Washington Loan and Trust
    Co., 1220 Sixteenth Street, Washington, D. C.

  =Carney, Matthew J.=, of M. Carney & Co., Lawrence, Mass.

  =Carney, Michael=, of M. Carney & Co., Lawrence, Mass.

  =Carroll, Edward=, Cashier Leavenworth National Bank, Leavenworth,
    Kansas.

  =Carroll, Hon. Hugh J.=, Pawtucket, R. I., ex-Member of the Rhode
    Island General Assembly; ex-Mayor of Pawtucket.

  =Carroll, James B.=, lawyer, 50 Temple Street, Springfield, Mass.

  =Carroll, Thomas=, director of the Public Library, Peabody, Mass.

  =Carter, Richard A.=, proprietor of the Central House, Lawrence,
    Mass.

  =Casey, Stephen J.=, lawyer, Providence, R. I.

  =Casey, William J.=, Palm Street, Bangor, Me.

  =Cashman, John=, 30 Church Street, Manchester, N. H.

  =Casman, John P.=, 34 Howard Street, Springfield, Mass.

  =Cavanagh, Michael=, 1159 Fourth Street, N. E., Washington, D. C.

  =Cavanaugh, John B.=, 924 Elm Street, Manchester, N. H.

  =Cavanaugh, Thomas Jeffrey=, 54 Stark Corporation, Manchester, N. H.

  =Chaplin, Heman W.=, a descendant of the Revolutionary O’Briens of
    Machias, Me.; attorney-at-law, 53 State Street, Boston, Mass.

  =Clare, William F.=, 39 Cortlandt Street, New York City.

  =Clark, Joseph H.=, 13 Adam Street, Lowell, Mass.

  =Clark, Rev. James F.=, New Bedford, Mass.

  =Clarke, Rev. Michael=, Rector Church of the Sacred Heart, East
    Boston, Mass.

  =Clary, Charles H.=, Hallowell, Me.; a descendant of “John Clary of
    Newcastle, province of New Hampshire, who was published to Jane
    Mahoney of Georgetown, Me., 1750.” John settled in Georgetown,
    presumably about the time of his marriage. Four children were born
    before 1760.

  =Clifford, James=, El Paso, Texas.

  =Clune, John H.=, Postmaster, Springfield, Mass.

  =Coakley, Daniel H.=, 77 Arlington Street, Brighton (Boston), Mass.;
    Member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1892–94;
    has a law office in Pemberton Square, Boston.

  =Coffey, John J.=, Neponset, Mass.

  =Cogan, D. S.=, 320 Congress Street, Portland, Me.

  =Cohalan, Daniel F.=, lawyer, 271 Broadway, New York City.

  =Coleman, Cornelius F.=, 162–164 Middle Street, Portland, Me.

  =Coleman, James S.=, 38 East 69th Street, New York City.

  =Collins, Hon. Patrick A.=, ex-Member of Congress; late United
    States Consul-General to London, England; Tremont Building,
    Boston, Mass.

  =Collins, James M.=, 6 Sexton Avenue, South Main Street, Concord, N.
    H.

  =Collins, Rev. Charles W.=, the Cathedral, Portland, Me.

  =Collins, Stephen J.=, 212 Main Street, Springfield, Mass.

  =Collins, William D.= (M. D.), 170 Winter Street, Haverhill, Mass.

  =Collison, Harvey N.=, member Massachusetts Legislature, 1887–88;
    has also served on Boston School Board and Metropolitan Sewerage
    Commission; lawyer, 5 Tremont Street, Boston, Mass.

  =Conaty, Rt. Rev. Thomas J.= (D. D.), Rector of the Catholic
    University, Washington, D. C.

  =Concannon, John S.=, 19 Crystal Cove Avenue, Winthrop, Mass., or
    City Hall, Boston, Mass.

  =Condon, Edward O’Meagher=, office U. S. Supervising Architect,
    Washington, D. C.

  =Coney, Patrick H.=, attorney-at-law, Topeka, Kansas.

  =Conley, Henry=, 7 Winthrop Street, Portland, Me.

  =Conley, John E.=, 87 Weybosset Street, Providence, R. I.; ex-Clerk
    of the Rhode Island House of Representatives.

  =Conlin, Michael=, 59 South Broadway, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Conlon, Michael=, 15 Pool Street, Biddeford, Me.

  =Connellan, James A.=, 98 Exchange Street, Portland, Me.

  =Conner, John E.=, City Marshal, Chicopee, Mass.

  =Conners, Edward=, 31 Hammond Street, Bangor, Me.; has been a member
    of the Board of Aldermen, of the Police Examining Board, and has
    filled other municipal offices.

  =Connery, William P.=, Pleasant Street, Lynn, Mass.

  =Connolly, James=, Coronado, Cal.

  =Connolly, Michael J.=, Trustee of the Public Library, Waltham,
    Mass.

  =Connolly, Rev. Arthur T.=, Rector Church of the Blessed Sacrament,
    Center and Creighton Streets, Roxbury (Boston), Mass.

  =Connolly, Richard=, 132 Boston Street, Salem, Mass.

  =Connolly, Thomas G.=, 147 L Street, South Boston, Mass.

  =Connor, J. F.=, of Connor & Tracy, Peabody, Mass.

  =Connor, John J.=, _Sunday Register_ Office, Essex Street, Lawrence,
    Mass.

  =Connor, John W.=, 93 Main Street, Nashua, N. H.

  =Connor, Michael=, 509 Beach Street, Manchester, N. H.

  =Conroy, Philip F.=, Newport Gaslight Co., Newport, R. I.

  =Corcoran, C. J.=, City Clerk, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Corcoran, Dr. Luke=, Springfield, Mass.

  =Corcoran, Hon. John W.=, recently a Judge of the Superior Court;
    Tremont Building, Boston, Mass.

  =Corr, Bernard=, Chamber of Commerce Building, Boston, Mass.

  =Corrigan, J. P.= (M. D.), Benedict House, Pawtucket, R. I.

  =Costello, Frederick H.=, Bangor, Me.; a native of that city and
    great-grandson of an Irishman.

  =Costello, J. C.=, Washington and Warren Streets, Newark, N. J.

  =Costello, John H.=, 40 East Brookline Street, Boston, Mass.

  =Coughlin, J. A.=, Manager, Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Coughlin, John=, 177 Water Street, Augusta, Me.

  =Coyle, Rev. James=, Taunton, Mass.

  =Crane, Hon. M. W.=, Attorney-General, Austin, Texas.

  =Crane, John=, 307 West 103d Street, New York City.

  =Cranitch, William=, 841 West End Avenue, New York City.

  =Crimmins, John D.=, capitalist (life member), 50 East 59th Street,
    New York City.

  =Cronin, Capt. William=, Rutland, Vt.

  =Cronin, John H.=, druggist, 317 Broadway, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Cronin, William J.=, 87 Weybosset Street, Providence, R. I.; member
    of the Pawtucket School Board.

  =Croston, Dr. J. F.=, Emerson Street, Haverhill, Mass.

  =Crowe, Edward J.=, Lamoille, Winona County, Minn.

  =Crowell, Hon. Henry G.=, South Yarmouth, Mass.; a descendant of
    David O’Killia (O’Kelly), who settled on Cape Cod as early as
    1657, and who is mentioned in the old Yarmouth, Mass., records as
    “the Irishman.” The records show that at the close of King
    Philip’s War, O’Killia was assessed his proportionate part towards
    defraying the expenses of that struggle.

  =Crowley, Bartholomew=, manufacturer, Haverhill, Mass.

  =Crowley, Jeremiah=, of the law firm, Crowley & O’Hearn, Lowell,
    Mass.

  =Crowley, John F.=, Standard Clothing Co., Bangor, Me.

  =Culhane, Thomas A.=, Marietta, Lane County, Penn.

  =Cummings, Dr. W. F.=, Rutland, Vt.

  =Cummings, Matthew J.=, Overseer of the Poor, Providence, R. I.

  =Cummins, Rev. John F.=, Roslindale, Mass.

  =Cunningham, Christopher D.=, 178 Congress Street, Portland, Me.

  =Cunningham, Francis W.=, 167 Congress Street, Portland, Me.

  =Cunningham, James=, 277 Congress Street, Portland, Me.

  =Cunningham, John E.=, Gardiner, Me.

  =Curran, Bartley J.=, 72 Exchange Street, Portland, Me.

  =Curran, James=, president the James Curran Mfg. Co., 512–514 West
    36th Street, New York City.

  =Curran, Maurice J.=, of the Curran & Joyce Co., Lawrence, Mass.

  =Curran, William F.=, 38 Fern Street, Bangor, Me.; has served three
    terms on the Board of Aldermen.

  =Curry, Capt. P. S.=, 1 Box Place, Lynn, Mass.; superintendent of
    construction for the new Federal Building in that city.

  =Curtin, Jeremiah=, Bristol, Vt.; author of _Hero Tales of Ireland_,
    _Myths and Folk-Lore of Ireland_, _Myths and Folk Tales of the
    Russians_, _Western Slavs and Magyars_; translator of works of
    Henryk Sienkiewicz.

  =Cusack, Peter=, 38 Washington Street, Newburyport, Mass.

  =Cushnahan, Rev. P. M.=, Rector of St. Joseph’s Roman Catholic
    Church, Ogden City, Utah.


  =Dailey, Peter=, real estate, etc., 209 Washington Street, Boston,
    Mass.

  =Daly, Hon. Joseph F.=, Court House, Chambers Street, New York City;
    Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.

  =Daly, John=, South Broadway, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Daly, John J.=, Salt Lake City, Utah; one of the heaviest mine
    owners in the state.

  =Daly, Rev. Patrick J.=, Rector Church of St. Francis de Sales,
    Vernon Street, Roxbury (Boston), Mass.

  =Danvers, Robert E.=, 17 West 65th Street, New York City.

  =Dasey, Charles V.=, 7 Broad Street, Boston, Mass.

  =Davidson, John A.=, Adjutant, 69th Regt. N. Y. V., 246 West 45th
    Street, New York City.

  =Davis, Dr. F. L.=, 253 Main Street, Biddeford, Me., City Physician.

  =Davis, Hon. Robert T.=, Fall River, Mass.; ex-Mayor, ex-Member of
    Congress.

  =Davis, John J.=, Greenville, Pa.

  =Day, Hon. William A.=, Washington, D. C.; recently second auditor
    of the U. S. Treasury.

  =DeCourcy, Charles A.=, of DeCourcy & Coulson, lawyers, Essex
    Street, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Dempsey, George C.=, Lowell, Mass.

  =Dempsey, Henry L.=, Stillwater, R. I.; Postmaster; member
    Smithfield Town Council.

  =Dempsey, Patrick=, Market Street, Lowell, Mass.

  =Dennison, Joseph A.=, of law firm, Coakley & Dennison, Pemberton
    Square, Boston, Mass.

  =Desmond, J. J.=, druggist, 565 Broadway, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Desmond, John F.=, civil engineer, 83 Merrimac Street, Haverhill,
    Mass.

  =Devine, P. A.=, 100 Central Street, Manchester, N. H.

  =Dignam, M. A.= (D. D. S.), 295 Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Dillon, Capt. Moses=, El Paso, Texas.

  =Dillon, Thomas J.= (M. D.), 121 Vernon Street, Roxbury (Boston),
    Mass.

  =Doherty, James L.=, 131 Bowdoin Street, Springfield, Mass.

  =Doherty, Philip J.=, 23 Court Street, Boston, Mass.; lawyer; has
    served several terms in the Massachusetts Legislature; in 1886 was
    nominee for Speaker of the House; in 1889 was appointed member of
    the Boston Water Board.

  =Dolan, Patrick J.=, 901 Garfield Building, Cleveland, O.

  =Donahoe, D. J.=, of Donahoe Brothers, manufacturers, Lynn, Mass.

  =Donahoe, Dan A.=, 285 Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Donahoe, Dr. Florence=, 1134 Eighth Street, N. W., Washington, D.
    C.

  =Donahoe, John P.=, Wilmington, Del.; National Commander, Union
    Veteran Legion; a member of the recent Constitutional Convention
    of the state.

  =Donahoe, Patrick=, publisher of _The Pilot_, Boston, Mass.

  =Donahue, Frank P.=, 9 Pynchon Street, Springfield, Mass.

  =Donahue, Hugh= (M. D.), 200 Winter Street, Haverhill, Mass.

  =Donahue, John J.=, Keene, N. H.

  =Donigan, Bernard E.=, of Donigan & O’Brien, clothiers, 322 Essex
    Street, Lawrence, Mass.; formerly Postmaster at Orono, Me.

  =Donnellan, Col. John W.=, banker, Salt Lake City, Utah.

  =Donnelly, B. J.=, of Shea & Donnelly, granite workers and
    contractors, Lynn, Mass.

  =Donnelly, Hon. Ignatius=, Nininger, Minn.; upholder of the Baconian
    theory regarding Shakespeare’s works; twice elected
    Lieutenant-Governor of Minnesota; has been a Member of Congress.

  =Donnelly, Hugh J.=, 100 Central Street, Springfield, Mass.

  =Donoghoe, Dr. D. F.=, 240 Maple Street, Holyoke, member School
    Board.

  =Donovan, Col. Henry F.=, Chicago, Ill.; late Inspector-General
    Illinois National Guard; served five terms as President of the
    County Board of Education; proprietor of the _Chicago Eagle_.

  =Donovan, Daniel=, 21 High Rock Street, Lynn, Mass.; an authority on
    heraldry, armorial bearings, etc., particularly as the same relate
    to Ireland.

  =Donovan, Daniel A.=, of D. A. Donovan & Co., manufacturers, 47–51
    Willow Street, Lynn, Mass.

  =Donovan, Dr. James A.=, Lewiston, Me.

  =Donovan, John J.=, lawyer, Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Donovan, Joseph=, lawyer, Central Building, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Donovan, M. F.=, of D. A. Donovan & Co., 47–51 Willow Street, Lynn,
    Mass.

  =Donovan, Michael R.= (M. D.), 128 South Common Street, Lynn, Mass.

  =Donovan, Timothy=, of D. A. Donovan & Co., 47–51 Willow Street,
    Lynn, Mass.

  =Donovan, William H.=, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Doogue, William=, Superintendent of public grounds, Boston, Mass.

  =Doolittle, James G.=, Salt Lake City, Utah.

  =Doran, John=, of the law firm, McGuinness & Doran, Weybosset
    Street, Providence, R. I.

  =Doran, Patrick L.=, Salt Lake City, Utah.

  =Dowd, Frederick C.=, Tremont Building, Boston, Mass.

  =Dowd, Michael=, Tacoma, Wash.

  =Dowd, Michael J.=, 31–39 Merrimack Street, Lowell, Mass.

  =Dowd, Peter A.=, 95 Milk Street, Boston, Mass.

  =Dowling, M. J.=, Renville, Minn.; Secretary of the National
    Republican League.

  =Dowling, Rev. Austin=, Editor _The Visitor_, Providence, R. I.

  =Downey, Daniel=, 50 Piedmont Street, Worcester, Mass.

  =Doyle, John F.=, 45 William Street, New York City.

  =Driscoll, C. F.=, attorney-at-law, 157 Church Street, New Haven,
    Conn.

  =Driscoll, Florence F.=, 56 Adams Street, Portland, Me.

  =Drummond, Michael J.=, 148 West 76th Street, New York City.

  =Duff, Dr. John=, 5 Dexter Row, Charlestown (Boston), Mass.

  =Duff, John=, 35 Purchase Street, New Bedford, Mass.

  =Duffy, Arthur E.=, 39 Ash Street, New Bedford, Mass.

  =Duggan, John T.= (M. D., A. M.), President Visiting Staff, St.
    Vincent’s Hospital, Worcester, Mass.

  =Dunn, Edward P.=, 12 Lincoln Street, Augusta, Me.

  =Dunne, F. L.=, 328 Washington Street, Boston, Mass.

  =Dunnigan, D. G.=, publisher, New Bedford, Mass.

  =Dwyer, Anthony=, Biddeford, Me.

  =Dwyer, M. J.=, Superintendent Marcella Street Home, Boston, Mass.

  =Dyer, Dr. William H.=, Dover, N. H.

  =Dyer, Hon. Elisha=, Governor of Rhode Island.


  =Early, James=, Deputy Sheriff, Worcester, Mass.

  =Egan, James T.=, of the law firm, Gorman & Egan, Banigan Building,
    Providence, R. I.

  =Egan, Maurice F.= (LL.D.), Catholic University, Washington, D. C.

  =Egan, Rev. M. H.=, Rector Church of the Sacred Heart, Lebanon, N.
    H.

  =Ellard, George W.=, 180 Lisbon Street, Lewiston, Me.

  =Emmet, Dr. Thomas Addis=, New York City; grandnephew of Robert
    Emmet, the Irish patriot.

  =English, Hon. Thomas Dunn= (LL.D.), 57 State Street, Newark, N. J.;
    ex-Member of Congress; a well-known and entertaining writer.


  =Fagan, Thomas J.=, Sergeant of Police, Chicago, Ill.

  =Fahey, M. J.=, P. O. box 893, New Haven, Conn.

  =Fahey, Rev. John T.=, 15 Thomas Street, Fall River, Mass.

  =Fallon, Hon. Joseph D.=, 789 Broadway, South Boston, Mass.

  =Fallon, Michael F.= (M. D.), 9 Portland Street, Worcester, Mass.

  =Farrell, Edward D.=, 329 West 50th Street, New York City.

  =Farrell, Henry W.= (M. D.), 1913 Westminster Street, Providence, R.
    I.

  =Farrell, J. T.= (M. D.), 1913 Westminster Street, Providence, R. I.

  =Farrell, John P.=, New Haven, Conn.

  =Farrell, William=, Carnation Street, Pawtucket, R. I.

  =Farrelly, Frank T.=, 424 Main Street, Springfield, Mass.

  =Fay, Joseph H.= (M. D.), 1283 Pleasant Street, Fall River, Mass.

  =Feehan, Rev. Daniel F.=, Fitchburg, Mass.

  =Feeley, William J.=, treasurer of The W. J. Feeley Co.,
    silversmiths and manufacturing jewelers, 185 Eddy Street,
    Providence, R. I.

  =Feenan, Bernard=, 85 Harbor Street, Salem, Mass.

  =Field, John H.=, 27 High Street, Nashua, N. H.

  =Finerty, Hon. John F.=, 69 Dearborn Street, Chicago, Ill.; Editor
    of _The Citizen_; ex-Member of Congress.

  =Finn, Rev. Thomas J.=, St. Mary’s Roman Catholic Church, Derby,
    Conn.

  =Finnigan, James C.=, 139 Broad Street, Bangor, Me.; proprietor of
    the largest cracker manufactory in the state.

  =Finnigan, Patrick J.= (M. D.), 361 Cambridge Street, East
    Cambridge, Mass.

  =Finnigan, Thomas J.=, 121 Somerset Street, Bangor, Me.; member of
    the Park Commission.

  =Fitzgerald, David E.=, 179 Church Street, New Haven, Conn.

  =Fitzgerald, Patrick J.=, manufacturer, 44 Nichols Street,
    Haverhill, Mass.

  =Fitzgerald, Rev. E. J.=, Chicopee, Mass.

  =Fitzgerald, William T.=, High Street, Nashua, N. H.

  =Fitzmaurice, Charles R.=, Rossland, British Columbia.

  =Fitzpatrick, Edward=, editorial department of _The Times_,
    Louisville, Ky.

  =Fitzpatrick, J. M.=, 120 West 59th Street, New York City.

  =Fitzpatrick, John B.=, real estate, etc., 23 Court Street, Boston,
    Mass.; has been deputy sheriff of Suffolk County, Mass.; was for
    several years an officer of the Supreme Court.

  =Fitzpatrick, Thomas B.=, of the wholesale dry goods firm of Brown,
    Durrell & Co., Boston, Mass.

  =Fitzsimons, Hon. James M.=, Chief Justice of the City Court, New
    York.

  =Flaherty, Thomas H.=, 62 Gray Street, Portland, Me.

  =Flanagan, Dr. Andrew J.=, 29 George Street, Springfield, Mass.

  =Flannery, Capt. John=, Savannah, Ga.; of John Flannery & Co.,
    cotton factors and commission merchants.

  =Flatley, Joseph P.=, 916 Beacon Street, Boston, Mass.

  =Flatley, P. J.=, lawyer, Tremont Building, Boston, Mass.

  =Flatley, Rev. John=, Rector St. Peter’s Roman Catholic Church,
    Cambridge, Mass.

  =Flynn, Hon. Joseph J.=, Opera House, Lawrence, Mass.; a State
    Senator.

  =Flynn, John C.=, _The Pilot_ Office, 630 Washington Street, Boston,
    Mass.

  =Flynn, Rev. James A.=, Biddeford, Me.

  =Flynn, Thomas J.=, 18–20 Essex Street, Boston, Mass.

  =Fogarty, James A.=, New Haven, Conn., Police Commissioner.

  =Fogarty, Jeremiah W.=, assessors’ department, City Hall, Boston,
    Mass.; Secretary of the Charitable Irish Society (founded 1737).

  =Foley, Bernard=, 39 Edgewood Street, Roxbury (Boston), Mass.

  =Foley, Frank W.=, 284 Grand Avenue, New Haven, Conn.

  =Foy, Julius L.=, lawyer, 408–409 Continental Bank Building, St.
    Louis, Mo.

  =Frawley, John P.=, 73 Main Street, Bangor, Me.

  =Furlong, Joseph D.=, 75 Westminster Street, Providence, R. I.


  =Gallagher, Cornelius J.=, 271 State Street, Bangor, Me.

  =Gallagher, Hugh T.=, 11 Birch Street, Bangor, Me.

  =Gallagher, Thomas F.=, Judge of the City Court, Fitchburg, Mass.

  =Galligan, Edward F.= (M. D.), 63 Washington Street, Taunton, Mass.

  =Gallivan, Maurice=, 58 Dracut Street, Dorchester, Mass.

  =Galvin, John E.=, 14 Bailey Street, Dorchester, Mass.

  =Galvin, Rev. John B.=, Rector St. Ann’s Church, Somerville, Mass.

  =Gargan, Thomas J.=, ex-President Boston Charitable Irish Society
    (founded 1737); delivered the oration for the city, July 4, 1885;
    served several terms in the Massachusetts Legislature; is a member
    of the law firm, Gargan & Keating, Pemberton Square, Boston,
    Mass.; member Subway Commission.

  =Garrigan, Rev. Philip J.=, Catholic University, Washington, D. C.

  =Garvan, Hon. Patrick=, President Park Commission, Hartford, Conn.

  =Garvey, Patrick J.=, lawyer, Holyoke, Mass.

  =Gavin, Michael=, of M. Gavin & Co., wholesale grocers and cotton
    factors, 232–234 Front Street, Memphis, Tenn.

  =Geoghegan, Joseph=, Salt Lake City, Utah.

  =Geoghegan, Stephen J.=, 20 East 73d Street, New York City.

  =Gibbons, T. F.=, with Theodore M. Roche & Co., 203 Broadway, New
    York City.

  =Gilbride, Patrick=, of O’Donnell & Gilbride, Lowell, Mass.

  =Gillrain, James M.=, Banigan Building, Providence, R. I.

  =Gilmartin, Denis=, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Glynn, John W.=, Manager the Mansion House, Springfield, Mass.

  =Glynn, Thomas H.=, Water and Federal Streets, Newburyport, Mass.

  =Goggin, John F.=, 57 Locust Street, New Bedford, Mass.

  =Goodwin, John= (life member), 70–72 West 23d Street, New York City.

  =Gorman, Hon. Charles E.=, Banigan Building, Providence, R. I.;
    ex-Speaker of the Rhode Island House of Representatives; ex-U. S.
    District Attorney; member of the recent Commission to Revise the
    State Constitution of Rhode Island.

  =Gorman, James J.=, 406 Spring Street, Fall River, Mass.

  =Grace, Rev. Philip= (D. D.), Newport, R. I.

  =Graham, Andrew M.=, 27 Middle Street, Newburyport, Mass.

  =Graham, Rev. John J.=, St. James’s Roman Catholic Church,
    Haverhill, Mass.

  =Grainger, William H.= (M. D.), 408 Meridian Street, East Boston,
    Mass.

  =Gregg, Matthew C.=, 213 Water Street, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Griffin, John=, 110 State Street, Portsmouth, N. H.

  =Griffin, Rt. Rev. Mgr.= (D. D.), St. John’s Church, Worcester,
    Mass.

  =Griffis, Rev. William Elliot= (D. D.), Ithaca, N. Y.; formerly
    pastor of the First Reformed Church, Schenectady, N. Y., and
    subsequently of the Shawmut Congregational Church, Boston, Mass.;
    some years ago went to Japan to organize schools on the American
    plan; held chair of physics in the Imperial University at Tokio;
    an able writer and author of note.

  =Grimes, Robert W.=, Pawtucket, R. I.

  =Grimes, Thomas=, of Grimes Bros., Providence, R. I.

  =Guiney, John=, 9 Harvey Street, Biddeford, Me.


  =Hall, Edward A.=, member of the Connecticut Valley Historical
    Society, 66 Spring Street, Springfield, Mass.

  =Halley, William=, publisher of _The Vindicator_, Austin, Ill.

  =Halpine, Lieut. N. J. F.= (U. S. N.), West Roxbury, Mass.

  =Haltigan, Patrick J.=, Government Printing Office, Washington, D.
    C.

  =Hanley, Frank L.=, Olneyville, R. I.

  =Hanrahan, Dr. John D.=, Rutland, Vt., Surgeon in U. S. Navy during
    Civil War; ex-Postmaster of Rutland; first President Rutland
    County Medical and Surgical Society.

  =Hanrahan, William J.=, 200 Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Harney, Hubert J.=, of the manufacturing firm Harney Bros., 103
    Washington Street, Lynn, Mass.

  =Harney, Patrick J.=, of Harney Bros., 103 Washington Street, Lynn,
    Mass.

  =Harney, Thomas F.=, of Harney Bros., 103 Washington Street, Lynn,
    Mass.

  =Harper, William, Jr.=, People’s Institute, Roxbury (Boston), Mass.

  =Harrington, Rev. J. C.=, Rector of St. Joseph’s Roman Catholic
    Church, Lynn, Mass.

  =Harrington, Rev. John M.=, Lewiston, Me.

  =Harrington, Thomas F.= (M. D.), Lowell, Mass.

  =Harrington, Timothy=, Water Street, Newburyport, Mass.

  =Harson, M. Joseph=, 126 Waterman Street, Providence, R. I.; a
    founder of Phi Kappa Sigma Fraternity; member of the Rhode Island
    Historical Society.

  =Harty, Rev. John=, Rector of the Church of the Sacred Heart,
    Pawtucket, R. I.

  =Hastings, Hon. Daniel H.=, Governor of Pennsylvania, Harrisburg,
    Pa.

  =Hayes, Dr. S. W.=, New Bedford, Mass.

  =Hayes, Hon. John J.=, 8 Oliver Street, Boston, Mass.; commission
    merchant; has been a member of the Boston School Board and a State
    Senator.

  =Hayes, John=, Concord Street, Manchester, N. H.

  =Heagney, Michael J.=, 2 Hancock Street, Linden district, Malden,
    Mass.

  =Healey, Col. D. F.=, Manchester, N. H.; served on the Staff of
    Governor Goodell of New Hampshire; was high sheriff of
    Hillsborough County, N. H., for over twelve years.

  =Healey, Jere=, President of the Board of Aldermen, Newburyport,
    Mass.

  =Healey, John W.=, 128 Washington Street, Lynn, Mass.

  =Healy, Col. John G.=, 117 Sherman Avenue, New Haven, Conn.; served
    in Ninth Connecticut Regiment during Civil War; has been first
    Vice-President of the Nineteenth Army Corps Association.

  =Healy, John A.=, 85 West Hollis Street, Nashua, N. H.

  =Healy, Richard=, President Bay State Savings Bank, Worcester, Mass.

  =Hearn, Edward L.=, State Deputy Knights of Columbus, South
    Framingham, Mass.

  =Heery, Col. Luke=, 99 Fairmount Street, Lowell, Mass.; recently on
    the Staff of Governor Waller of Connecticut.

  =Heery, James=, 99 Fairmount Street, Lowell, Mass.

  =Heffern, Peter J.= (D. D. S.), 255 Main Street, Pawtucket, R. I.;
    member of the State Board of Registration in Dentistry.

  =Hegerty, Stephen J.=, Hallowell, Me.

  =Hennessy, Daniel= (M. D.), 5 High Street, Bangor, Me.

  =Hickey, James G.= (life member), Manager U. S. Hotel, Boston, Mass.

  =Hickey, Michael J.=, manufacturer, 80 Emerson Street, Haverhill,
    Mass.

  =Hicks, Michael=, 147 West 121st Street, New York City.

  =Hogan, Capt. Thomas J.=, 225 Middle Street, Portland, Me.

  =Hogan, Daniel W.=, 40 Cushing Street, Medford, Mass.

  =Hogan, John W.=, 4 Weybosset Street, Providence, R. I.

  =Hogan, Very Rev. John B.= (S. S., D. D.), President of St. John’s
    Ecclesiastical Seminary, Brighton (Boston), Mass.

  =Holland, D. A.=, Opera Block, Manchester, N. H.

  =Holland, Dennis J.=, Industrial Trust Building, Providence, R. I.

  =Holland, John P.=, 141 Broadway, New York City; inventor of the
    submarine torpedo boat.

  =Hopkins, William=, Assistant Day Editor _Boston Globe_; the
    talented “Bud Brier.”

  =Horigan, Cornelius=, Biddeford, Me.; ex-Member Maine Legislature.

  =Howard, Rev. J. J.=, St. Peter’s Roman Catholic Church, Worcester,
    Mass.

  =Howard, T. J.=, lawyer, Manchester, N. H.

  =Howes, Osborne=, Secretary of the Board of Fire Underwriters, 55
    Kilby Street, Boston, Mass.; a descendant of David O’Killia
    (O’Kelly), who is heard from on Cape Cod, Mass., as early as 1657,
    and who was a participant in King Philip’s War; Mr. Howes is of
    the seventh American generation on the O’Killia side and of the
    eighth on another.

  =Howley, Edward B.=, El Paso, Texas.

  =Hoye, John A.=, 40 Third Street, Dover, N. H.

  =Hughes, Rev. Christopher=, Fall River, Mass.

  =Hurley, Rev. E. F.=, Rector of St. Dominic’s Roman Catholic Church,
    Portland, Me.

  =Hyde, William A.=, 61 Murdock Street, Brighton (Boston), Mass.


  =Jackson, Joseph=, of the Curran & Joyce Co., Lawrence, Mass.

  =Johnson, James G.=, 301 West End Avenue, New York City.

  =Jordan, M. J.=, lawyer, 42 Court Street, Boston, Mass.


  =Kane, John P.=, lawyer, Central Building, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Keating, James E.= (M. D.), 143 Pine Street, Portland, Me.

  =Keating, Patrick M.=, of the law firm, Gargan & Keating, Pemberton
    Square, Boston, Mass.

  =Keating, William H.=, 15 Vaughn Street, Portland, Me.

  =Keefe, Dennis F.= (D. D. S.), Butler Exchange, Providence, R. I.

  =Keefe, Patrick H.= (M. D.), 257 Benefit Street, Providence, R. I.

  =Keely, George=, 270 Brackett Street, Portland, Me.

  =Kehoe, John B.=, Portland, Me.

  =Keleher, T. D.=, Disbursing Clerk for office of auditor to the Post
    Office Department, Washington, D. C.

  =Kelley, Daniel B.=, 21 Windsor Street, Haverhill, Mass.

  =Kelley, J. D. Jerrold=, Lieutenant-Commander U. S. N.; was recently
    attached to the battleship _Texas_; address, care Navy Department,
    Washington, D. C.

  =Kelley, John W.=, City Solicitor, Portsmouth, N. H.

  =Kelley, Joseph J.=, 98 Otis Street, East Cambridge, Mass.

  =Kelley, Patrick=, 19 Davidson Street, Lowell, Mass.

  =Kelliher, Michael W.= (M. D.), Pawtucket, R. I.

  =Kelly, James=, 13 Greenleaf Street, Portland, Me.

  =Kelly, James E.=, Postmaster, Ogdensburg, N. Y.

  =Kelly, John P.= (D. D. S), 12 Essex Street, Newburyport, Mass.

  =Kelly, Michael= (M. D.), Fall River, Mass.

  =Kelly, William J.=, 9 Dover Street, Newburyport, Mass.

  =Kelly, William J.=, Kittery, Me.

  =Kendricken, Hon. Paul H.=, 75 Maple Street, Roxbury (Boston),
    Mass.; ex-State Senator; member of the Military Order of the Loyal
    Legion.

  =Kenefick, Owen A.=, photographer, Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Kennedy, Charles F.=, Brewer, Me.

  =Kennedy, Dr. Francis M.=, 446 County Street, New Bedford, Mass.;
    Trustee of Public Library.

  =Kennedy, Hon. P. J.=, 165 Webster Street, East Boston, Mass.; has
    been a Senator.

  =Kennedy, John=, 1129 Bedford Street, Fall River, Mass.

  =Kennedy, Joseph P.=, 311 South Water Street, New Bedford, Mass.

  =Kennedy, P. J.=, 322 and 324 Nicollet Avenue, Minneapolis, Minn.;
    of Kennedy Bros., dealers in firearms, ammunition, etc.

  =Kenney, James W.=, Treasurer Union Brewing Co., Roxbury (Boston),
    Mass.

  =Kenney, William F.=, Day Editor-in-Chief, _The Globe_, Boston,
    Mass.

  =Kent, Pierce=, 356 East 57th Street, New York City; a Lieutenant in
    the 69th Regiment.

  =Kerr, Dr. James=, 1711 H Street, N. W., Washington, D. C.

  =Kiernan, Rev. Owen=, Rector Church of the Immaculate Conception,
    Fall River, Mass.

  =Kiley, Daniel F.=, Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.; of Kiley Bros.,
    dry-goods merchants.

  =Killoren, Hon. Andrew=, Dover, N. H.; ex-State Senator.

  =Kilroy, Patrick=, lawyer, 475 Main Street, Springfield, Mass.

  =Kilroy, Philip= (M. D.), Glen-Rath; Visiting Physician Springfield
    Hospital, Springfield, Mass.

  =King, Thomas E.=, 104 Howard Street, Springfield, Mass.

  =Kinsela, John L.=, 509 Gorham Street, Lowell, Mass.

  =Kirby, John P.=, Chicopee, Mass.

  =Kirmes, Victor C.=, Melrose, Mass.

  =Kivel, Hon. John=, Dover, N. H.


  =Lalor, John J.=, Mint Bureau, U. S. Treasury Department,
    Washington, D. C.; author of the well-known _Cyclopædia of
    Political Science_, _Political Economy_, and of the _Political
    History of the United States_.

  =Lamb, Matthew B.=, 516 Main Street, Worcester, Mass.

  =Lamson, Col. Daniel S.=, Weston, Mass.; Lieutenant-Colonel
    commanding 6th Regiment (Mass.), 1861; A. A. G., Norfolk, 1862;
    served on staff of General Hooker; is a member of the Society of
    Colonial Wars, Sons of the American Revolution, and Military Order
    of the Loyal Legion; one of his ancestors landed at Ipswich,
    Mass., in 1632 and received a grant of 350 acres, which still
    remains in the family; another ancestor, Samuel, of Reading,
    Mass., participated in King Philip’s War and had a son in the
    expedition of 1711. Another member of the family, Samuel, of
    Weston, commanded a company at Concord, Mass., April 19, 1775, and
    was Major and Colonel of the 3d Middlesex Regiment for many years,
    dying in 1795.

  =Lane, Rev. Florence A.=, Chicopee, Mass.

  =Lane, Thomas J.=, 120 Havre Street, East Boston, Mass.

  =Lannan, P. H.=, _The Tribune Office_, Salt Lake City, Utah.

  =Lappin, J. J.=, 7 Grant Street, Portland, Me.

  =Larkin, James E.=, 17 Linden Street, Everett, Mass.; was
    Lieutenant-Colonel of the 5th Regiment, New Hampshire Volunteers.

  =Larkin, Very Rev. Thomas J.= (S. M.), President of All Hallows’s
    College, Salt Lake City, Utah.

  =Lawler, Thomas B.=, 39 May Street, Worcester, Mass.; with Ginn &
    Company, publishers, Tremont Place, Boston, Mass.; Librarian and
    Archivist of the society; member American Oriental Society and
    Archaeological Institute of America.

  =Lawless, Hon. Joseph T.=, Secretary of State, Richmond, Va.

  =Leahey, Dr. George A.=, Lowell, Mass.

  =Leahy, John P.=, lawyer, U. S. Trust Company Building, 30 Court
    Street. Boston, Mass.

  =Leary, Daniel E.=, lawyer, Court Square, Theatre Building,
    Springfield, Mass.

  =Leary, Denis F.=, 254 Central Street, Springfield, Mass.

  =Lee, Hugh J.=, on staff of _The Times_, Pawtucket, R. I.

  =Lee, Rev. Robert F.=, 156 Danforth Street, Portland, Me.

  =Lee, Thomas C.=, 277 Central Street, Lowell, Mass.

  =Lenihan, M. C.=, Marshalltown, Iowa.

  =Lennox, George W.=, manufacturer, Duncan Street, Haverhill, Mass.

  =Leonard, James F.=, clothier, Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.;
    recently candidate for Mayor.

  =Leonard, Thomas F.=, musical director, Essex Street, Lawrence.
    Mass.

  =Linehan, Hon. John C.=, State Insurance Commissioner, Concord, N.
    H.; ex-Member of the Governor’s Council: Commander of Brown Post
    No. 31, G. A. R., for three years; Commander of the G. A. R.,
    Department of New Hampshire, two years; President of the N. H.
    Veteran Association, two years; Junior Vice Commander-in-Chief;
    member of Pension Committee of the National Encampment; Director
    of the Gettysburg Battlefield Association, ten years; recently
    a leading candidate at Buffalo, N. Y., for National
    Commander-in-Chief; President Board of Trustees of New Hampshire
    State Industrial School; recipient of an honorary degree from
    Dartmouth College. Colonel Linehan is an authority on the early
    history of the Irish in New England, and has written many articles
    on the subject. He is the Society’s Treasurer-General; resides in
    Penacook, N. H.

  =Linehan, James C.=, 18 Foster Street, Peabody, Mass.

  =Linehan, John J.=, Springfield, Mass.; a director in the Bay State
    Corset Company.

  =Linehan, Rev. Timothy P.=, Rector of St. Mary’s Roman Catholic
    Church, Biddeford, Me.; was for ten years Rector of the Cathedral,
    Portland, Me.

  =Linehan, Timothy P.=, Wolfe Tavern, Newburyport, Mass.

  =Littleton, Stephen F.=, 10 Riverside Street, Worcester, Mass.

  =Lovell, David B.= (M. D.), 32 Pearl Street, Worcester, Mass.;
    member New England Opthalmological Society.

  =Lowery, Dr. James E.=, Sopris, Las Animas County, Colorado.

  =Lowery, William H.=, 86 Adams Street, Portland, Me.

  =Lyman, William=, 51 East 122d Street, New York City.

  =Lynch, Charles E.=, 367 Main Street, Springfield, Mass.

  =Lynch, Cornelius J.=, 331 Pine Street, Bangor, Me.

  =Lynch, Dr. M. H.=, Chicopee Falls, Mass., City Physician.

  =Lynch, Gen. John J.=, 145 Spring Street, Portland, Me.

  =Lynch, John E.=, Principal Thomas Street School, Director Free
    Public Library, Worcester, Mass.

  =Lynch, Thomas J.=, Augusta, Me.; Treasurer Augusta Board of Trade.

  =Lynn, Hon. Wauhope=, 32 Chambers Street, New York City; Justice of
    the First Judicial District.

  =Lyons, Dr. W. H. A.=, Portsmouth, N. H.

  =Lyons, Michael R.=, 243 Main Street, Fitchburg, Mass.

  =Lyons, Rev. John J.=, Manchester, N. H.


  =Macguire, Constantine J.= (M. D.), 120 East 60th Street, New York
    City.

  =Magee, John A.= (M. D.), 203 Haverhill Street, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Magenis, James P.=, Law Department of Cornell University, Ithaca,
    N. Y.; recently Deputy Collector of Internal Revenue, Boston,
    Mass.

  =Magner, Thomas=, Superintendent Metropolitan Life Insurance Co.,
    Rutland, Vt.

  =Magrane, P. B.=, dry-goods merchant, Lynn, Mass.

  =Maguire, John=, Butte City, Montana.

  =Maguire, John E.=, of Thayer & Maguire, manufacturers, Haverhill,
    Mass.

  =Maher, Dr. Stephen J.=, 212 Orange Street, New Haven, Conn.

  =Maher, James J.=, Augusta, Me.

  =Mahoney, Daniel D.=, of D. D. Mahoney & Son, Essex Street,
    Lawrence, Mass.

  =Mahoney, James=, University Club, 270 Beacon Street, Boston, Mass.

  =Mahoney, James V.=, Commissioner of the Commercial Association,
    Sioux City, Iowa.

  =Mahoney, John P. S.=, lawyer, Central Building, Lawrence, Mass.;
    recently President of the Common Council.

  =Mahoney, M. J.=, Hampshire and Bradford Streets, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Malloy, Gen. A. G.=, El Paso, Texas; a veteran of the Mexican and
    Civil Wars; during the latter conflict he was successively Major,
    Colonel, and Brigadier-General; has been Collector of the Port of
    Galveston.

  =Malone, John=, Actors’ Society of America, 1432 Broadway, New York
    City.

  =Maloney, Dr. Thomas E.=, 278 Franklin Street, Fall River, Mass.

  =Mangan, John J.= (M. D.), 55 North Common Street, Lynn, Mass.

  =Mannix, Cornelius A.=, 40 Sheridan Street, Portland, Me.

  =Marshall, Rev. George F.=, Rector of St. Paul’s Roman Catholic
    Church, Milford, N. H.

  =May, Henry A.=, 47 Florence Street, Roslindale, Mass.; a descendant
    through his mother, Roxana Butler, of Pelham, N. H., from James
    Butler, the planter of Lancaster, Mass. (1653), who came from
    Ireland, and was the largest landowner in what is now Worcester
    County. He owned land in Dunstable, Woburn, and Billerica, where
    he died in 1681. His son, Deacon John Butler, was the first child
    of Irish parentage born in Woburn, Mass., and John was the first
    settler of what is now Pelham, N. H., and lies buried there. A
    monument was erected to his memory on “Pelham Green,” in the
    center of the town of Pelham, in 1886, by his descendants, some
    1200 being present at the dedication in June of that year. McAdoo,
    Hon. William, Assistant Secretary of the Navy (under Cleveland),
    Washington, D. C. =McAleer, George=, Treasurer, Bay State Savings
    Bank, Worcester, Mass.

  =McAlevy, John F.=, 26–50 North Main Street, Pawtucket, R. I.

  =McAloon, Vincent J.=, 213 Pleasant Street, Pawtucket, R. I.

  =McAuliffe, John F.=, with the Livermore & Knight Co., Westminster
    Street, Providence, R. I.

  =McCaffrey, Hugh=, (life member), Fifth and Berks Streets,
    Philadelphia, Pa.

  =McCann, Daniel E.=, 37 Preble Street, Portland, Me.

  =McCarthy, Charles, Jr.=, Portland, Me.

  =McCarthy, Eugene T.=, lawyer, 343 Union Street, Lynn, Mass.

  =McCarthy, John T.=, 84 Lisbon Street, Lewiston, Me.

  =McCarthy, Joseph=, Editorial Department _Daily Globe_, Boston,
    Mass.

  =McCarthy, Patrick J.=, Industrial Trust Building, Providence, R. I.

  =McCarthy, T. A.= (D. D. S.), Main Street, Nashua, N. H.

  =McCaughey=, Bernard, 93–105 North Main Street, Pawtucket, R. I.

  =McClallen, Edward C.=, Rutland, Vt.; of the fifth American
    generation.

  =McClure, Rev. Edward L.=, Rector St. Patrick’s Church, Brockton,
    Mass.

  =McCluskey, James J.=, 34 School Street, Boston, Mass.

  =McConnell, James E.=, lawyer, Fitchburg, Mass.; candidate for
    Lieutenant-Governor of Massachusetts, 1896.

  =McConway, William= (life member), manufacturer, Pittsburg, Pa.

  =McCoy, Rev. John J.=, Permanent Rector of the Church of the Holy
    Name, Chicopee, Mass.

  =McCrystal, Capt. Edward T.=, 69th Regiment Infantry, N. G. N. Y.,
    New York City.

  =McCullough, Edward= (M. D.), 123 Union Street, Bangor, Me.

  =McCullough, John=, 55 Maxfield Street, New Bedford, Mass.

  =McCusker, John F.= (M. D.), 96 Broad Street, Providence, R. I.

  =McDermott, Rev. William A.=, Redwood, N. Y.; under the
    _nom-de-plume_ “Walter Lecky” he has produced much literary work.

  =McDermott, Thomas J.=, Biddeford, Me.; proprietor of Biddeford Iron
    and Brass Works.

  =McDonald, Mitchell=, Paymaster, U. S. N.; recently attached to the
    battleship _Texas_; address, care Navy Department, Washington, D.
    C.

  =McDonnell, Thomas F. I.=, 17 Custom House Street, Providence, R. I.

  =McDonough, Edward J.= (M. D.), 333 Congress Street, Portland, Me.

  =McDonough, Rev. M. C.=, Rector of the Cathedral, Portland, Me.

  =McEleney, William=, 45 Cedar Street, Portland, Me.

  =McElroy, Rev. Charles J.=, Rector St. Mary’s Roman Catholic Church,
    Derby, Conn.

  =McEvoy, John W.=, lawyer, 137 Central Street, Lowell, Mass.

  =McGauran, Michael S.= (M. D.), Lawrence, Mass.

  =McGillicuddy, Hon. D. J.=, Lewiston, Me.; Mayor 1887–90.

  =McGinnis, Lieut.-Col. John R.=, _Kennebec Arsenal_, Augusta, Me.

  =McGinnis, Rev. John J.=, Sandford, Me.

  =McGlinchy, J. H.=, 128 Danforth Street, Portland, Me.

  =McGoey, J.=, 78 Worth Street, New York City.

  =McGovern, Joseph P.=, 193 Green Street, New York City.

  =McGowan, Joseph A.=, 263 Congress Street, Portland, Me.

  =McGowan, T. P.=, 418 Congress Street, Portland, Me.

  =McGrath, Rev. Christopher=, 264 Washington Street. Somerville,
    Mass.; Rector St. Joseph’s Church.

  =McGuinness, Bernard=, 32 Westminster Street, Providence, R. I.

  =McGuinness, Hon. Edwin D.=, Providence, R. I.; has served two terms
    as Mayor of Providence, and two as Secretary of State of Rhode
    Island.

  =McGuire, Edward J.=, lawyer, 56 Pine Street, New York City.

  =McGurk, Charles J.=, City Auditor, New Bedford, Mass.

  =McGurrin, Frank E.=, Salt Lake City, Utah.

  =McIntyre, John F.=, lawyer, 220 Broadway, New York City.

  =McKechnie, William G.=, lawyer, 366 Walnut Street, Springfield,
    Mass.

  =McKellegett, George F.=, 27 Tremont Row, Boston, Mass.

  =McKeon, Francis P.=, Millbury Street School, Worcester, Mass.

  =McLaughlin, Edward A.=, lawyer, 16 Pemberton Square, Boston, Mass.;
    was for several years clerk of the Massachusetts House of
    Representatives.

  =McLaughlin, Henry V.= (M. D.), 29 Kent Street, Brookline, Mass.

  =McLaughlin, James M.=, 56 Bowdoin Street, Dorchester, Mass.;
    Supervisor of Music in Boston Public Schools; author of _The
    Educational Music System_.

  =McLaughlin, Thomas=, Hallowell, Me.

  =McLaughlin, William H.=, 24 C Street, Knightville, Portland, Me.

  =McLaughlin, William I.=, State Mutual Building, Worcester, Mass.; a
    member of the State Legislature.

  =McMahon, James H.=, 17 Main Street, Fitchburg, Mass.

  =McMahon, Rev. John W.= (D. D.), Rector St. Mary’s Church,
    Charlestown (Boston), Mass.

  =McManus, Col. John=, 145–147 Westminster Street, Providence, R. I.;
    served on the staff of Governor Davis of Rhode Island.

  =McManus, Gen. Thomas=, 333 Main Street, Hartford, Conn.; City
    Recorder.

  =McManus, Michael=, of McManus & Co., clothiers, 670 Washington
    Street, Boston, Mass.

  =McManus, Rev. Michael T.=, Rector St. Patrick’s Church, Lawrence,
    Mass.

  =McNamee, John H. H.=, 51 Frost Street, North Cambridge, Mass.

  =McNeely, Richard=, 309 East 42d Street, New York City.

  =McNeirny, Michael J.=, Gloucester, Mass.

  =McNulty, Rev. John J.=, 92 West 6th Street, South Boston, Mass.

  =McQuade, E. A.=, 75–77 Market Street, Lowell, Mass.

  =McQuaid, Rev. William P.=, Rector St. James’s Church, Harrison
    Avenue, Boston, Mass.

  =McQueeney, Henry J.=, of the Post-Office staff, Lawrence, Mass.

  =McSweeney Edward F.=, Assistant U. S. Commissioner of Immigration,
    Ellis Island, N. Y.

  =McSweeny, Rev. Edward=, Rector St. John’s Roman Catholic Church,
    Bangor, Me.

  =McVey, Edward D.=, 519 Westford Street, Lowell, Mass.

  =McVicar, P. A.=, Auburndale, Mass.

  =McWilliams, Daniel A.=, 16 Hamilton Street, New Haven, Conn.

  =Mahoney, Michael P.=, 63 East Street, Providence, R. I.

  =Manning, Timothy T.=, Springfield, Mass.

  =Meany, Thomas J.=, New Bedford, Mass.

  =Mehegan, Daniel J.= (M. D.), 31 Broadway, Taunton, Mass.

  =Melden, P. M.=, Rutland, Vt.

  =Mellen, Hon. W. M. E.=, ex-Mayor, Chicopee, Mass.

  =Middleton, Very Rev. Thomas C.= (D. D., O. S. A.), Villanova
    College, Villanova, Pa.

  =Miskella, James=, 10 Chase Street, Lowell, Mass.

  =Molloy, Hugh J.=, State Normal School, Lowell, Mass.

  =Moloney, T. W.=, of Butler & Moloney, counsellors-at-law, Mead
    Building, Rutland, Vt.

  =Mooney, J. G.=, 154 Exchange Street, Bangor, Me.

  =Mooney, John A.=, 353 West 27th Street, New York City.

  =Moore, Dr. James A.=, 223 Grand Avenue, New Haven, Conn.

  =Moore, O’Brien= (life member), recently of the Washington (D. C.)
    bureau of the _St. Louis Republic_; publisher of the _Daily
    Gazette_, Charleston, W. Va.

  =Moran, Col. James=, Providence, R. I., commanding the 2d Regiment,
    R. I. M.

  =Moran, Thomas, Jr.=, Biddeford, Me.

  =Moran, William=, Biddeford, Me.

  =Morrissey, William T.=, Portsmouth, N. H.

  =Morrissey, Very Rev. Andrew= (C. S. C.), president of the
    University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Ind.

  =Morrison, Francis M.=, 492 Main Street, Worcester, Mass.

  =Moseley, Edward A.= (President-General of the Society), Secretary
    of the Interstate Commerce Commission, Washington, D. C.; born in
    1846, at Newburyport, Mass. He is a member of the Society of
    Colonial Wars, a member of the Society of the Sons of the American
    Revolution, a member of the Society of the Sons of the Revolution,
    a member of the Bunker Hill Monument Society, where his
    great-grandfather fought as captain in General Putnam’s Brigade
    from Connecticut; has received the thanks of the Commonwealth of
    Massachusetts “for distinguished services in the cause of
    humanity”; is the great-great-grandson of Col. Jonathan Buck;
    great-grandson of Col. Ebenezer Buck; also claims descent from
    Col. William Gilmore, of New Hampshire, formerly of Coleraine,
    Ireland—all Revolutionary heroes. His father, Edward S. Moseley,
    of Newburyport, Mass., is a member of the executive committee of
    the Massachusetts Society of the Cincinnati.

  =Moses, George H.=, editor _The Monitor_, Concord, N. H. (U. S.
    Senator Chandler’s paper).

  =Moynihan, Michael A.=, Portsmouth, N. H.; U. S. Internal Revenue
    Office.

  =Mulholland, Gen. St. Clair A.=, U. S. Pension Agent, Philadelphia,
    Pa.; Major, Lieutenant-Colonel, and Colonel, 116th Regiment,
    Pennsylvania Volunteers; Brevet Brigadier-General for gallant
    conduct in Wilderness campaign; Brevet Major-General for capturing
    a fort in front of Petersburg, Va.; Congress medal of honor for
    services at battle of Chancellorsville; wounded at Fredericksburg,
    at the Wilderness, at Po River, and near Cold Harbor; served two
    years in Meagher’s Irish Brigade, and in the last year of the war
    commanded the Fourth Brigade, First Division, Second Corps
    (Hancock’s).

  =Mullaney, Rev. John F.=, Rector Church of St. John the Baptist,
    Syracuse, N. Y.

  =Mullen, Hugh=, of Brown, Durrell & Co., Boston, Mass.

  =Mulligan, B. J.=, 37 Warren Street, Salem, Mass.

  =Mundy, Rev. John F.=, 55 Norfolk Street, Cambridgeport, Mass.

  =Murphy, Chas. B.=, Augusta, Me.

  =Murphy, D. P., Jr.=, 31 Barclay Street, New York City.

  =Murphy, Daniel D.= (M. D.), Amesbury, Mass.

  =Murphy, David E.=, 8 Perley Street, Concord, N. H.

  =Murphy, Edward J.=, 327 Main Street, Springfield, Mass.

  =Murphy, Frank J.=, lock box 161, Olean, N. Y.

  =Murphy, Hon. John R.=, water commissioner, Boston, Mass.;
    ex-Senator of Massachusetts.

  =Murphy, James=, real estate and insurance, Essex Street, Lawrence,
    Mass.

  =Murphy, James=, 42 Westminster Street, Providence, R. I.

  =Murphy, James R.=, lawyer, 27 School Street, Boston, Mass.

  =Murphy, John A.=, 276 Union Street, Springfield, Mass.; Taylor,
    Nichols Company.

  =Murphy, Thomas=, 144 Elm Street, Biddeford, Me.

  =Murray, Capt. John F.=, police department, Cambridge, Mass.;
    residence, 9 Avon Street.

  =Murray, Frank E.=, 47 Park Street, Worcester, Mass.

  =Murray, Joseph T.=, 131 Pearl Street, Manchester, N. H.

  =Murray, Michael J.=, attorney-at-law, 27 School Street, Boston,
    Mass.

  =Murray, Thomas Hamilton=, Secretary-General of the Society, 1
    Beechwood Avenue, Pawtucket, R. I.; an editor of many years’
    experience on leading daily papers; is the author of numerous
    articles relating to early Irish settlers in this country.


  =Naphen, Hon. Henry F.=, lawyer, 42 Court Street, Boston, Mass.; has
    served as a member of the Boston School Board and as bail
    commissioner; was a member of the State Senate 1885–87.

  =Neagle, Rev. Richard=, Malden, Mass.

  =Neagle, Thomas J.=, 66 Franklin Street, Haverhill, Mass.

  =Neilon, John F.=, Saco, Me.

  =Nelligan, Rev. John P.=, Hallowell, Me.

  =Nicholson, George=, 40 Oak Street, Lynn, Mass.

  =Nolan, Frank F.=, 224 Thames Street, Newport, R. I.


  =O’Beirne, Gen. James R.=, 357 West 117th Street, New York City; in
    military life has held every commissioned rank up to Brevet
    Brigadier-General of Volunteers; has also been Provost Marshal, D.
    C.; Deputy U. S. Marshal, D. C.; Register of Wills, D. C.; editor
    _Sunday Gazette_, Washington, D. C.; Special Agent U. S. Indian
    affairs; Special Agent U. S. Treasury Department; Assistant U. S.
    Commissioner of Immigration at New York City; is now Commissioner
    of Charities, New York City; Past Commander U. S. Medal of Honor
    Legion.

  =O’Brien, Capt. Lawrence=, New Haven, Conn.

  =O’Brien, Charles J.=, 670 Washington Street, Boston, Mass.

  =O’Brien, Frank J.=, of Donigan & O’Brien, clothiers, 322 Essex
    Street, Lawrence, Mass.; late a member of the City Council.

  =O’Brien, Hon. C. D.=, of the law firm C. D. & Thomas D. O’Brien,
    212 Globe Building, St Paul, Minn.; ex-Mayor of St. Paul.

  =O’Brien, Hon. Morgan J.=, 42 West 44th Street, New York City; a
    Justice of the Supreme Court.

  =O’Brien, James W.=, lawyer, 23 Court Street Boston, Mass.

  =O’Brien, John Boyle=, 1 Beacon Street Boston, Mass.

  =O’Brien, John D.=, Bank of Minnesota Building, St. Paul, Minn.; of
    the law firm Stevens, O’Brien, Cole & Albrecht.

  =O’Brien, Patrick=, 399 South Broadway, Lawrence, Mass.; a member of
    the Board of Aldermen.

  =O’Brien, Rev. James J.=, Somerville, Mass.; a son of the late Hon.
    Hugh O’Brien, Mayor of Boston.

  =O’Brien, Rev. Michael= (life member), Rector St. Patrick’s Church,
    Lowell, Mass.

  =O’Brien, T. Carl=, Chamber of Commerce Building, Boston, Mass.

  =O’Brien, Thomas=, Pawtucket R. I.; a member of the Board of
    Aldermen.

  =O’Brien, Very Rev. Michael C.=, 30 Cedar Street Bangor, Me.;
    Vicar-General of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Portland.

  =O’Byrne, M. A.=, 370 West 118th Street New York City.

  =O’Callaghan, John=, editorial department _Daily Globe_, Boston,
    Mass.

  =O’Callaghan, P. J.=, Lawrence, Mass.

  =O’Callaghan, Rev. Denis=, Rector St. Augustine’s Roman Catholic
    Church, South Boston, Mass.

  =O’Connell, Dr. J. C.=, U. S. Pension Office, Washington, D. C.

  =O’Connell, J. D.=, Bureau of Statistics, U. S. Treasury Department,
    Washington, D. C.

  =O’Connell, Timothy=, 140 State Street Newburyport, Mass.

  =O’Connor, Charles A.=, 135 Lawrence Street, Manchester, N. H.;
    Member State Constitutional Convention; two terms State
    Legislature; ex-Consul to Yarmouth, N. S.

  =O’Connor, Charles J.=, 4 Weybosset Street, Providence, R. I.

  =O’Connor, D. F.=, lawyer, 341 Central Street Manchester, N. H.

  =O’Connor, Dr. Joseph M.=, 204 Main Street, Biddeford, Me.

  =O’Connor, Edward DeV.=, 4 Weybosset Street, Providence, R. I.

  =O’Connor, Francis=, Principal of Commercial College, Kansas City,
    Kan.

  =O’Connor, Francis=, 531 Washington Street, Boston, Mass.

  =O’Connor, James=, 37 Prospect Street Biddeford, Me.

  =O’Connor, John D.=, The Washington Press, 18 Essex Street, Boston,
    Mass.

  =O’Connor, Patrick=, 99 Mill Street New Haven, Conn.

  =O’Conor, P. H.=, Washington Street, Peabody, Mass.

  =O’Day, Daniel=, 128 West 72d Street, New York City.

  =O’Doherty, Hon. Matthew=, Louisville, Ky.

  =O’Doherty, John D.= (M. D.), 11 Bennett Street, Brighton (Boston),
    Mass.

  =O’Doherty, Rev. James=, Rector St James’s Roman Catholic Church,
    Haverhill, Mass.

  =O’Donnell, Rev. Philip J.=, 887 Shawmut Avenue, Boston, Mass.

  =O’Donoghue, Col. D. O’C.=, 75 Emery Street Portland, Me.

  =O’Dowd, Michael=, 922 Elm Street, Manchester, N. H.

  =O’Driscoll, Daniel M.=, Western Union Telegraph Co., Charleston, S.
    C.

  =O’Dwyer, Hon. E. F.=, 37 West 76th Street, New York City.

  =O’Farrell, Charles=, Province Court, Boston, Mass.

  =O’Farrell, Col. P. A.=, Spokane, Wash.

  =O’Farrell, Patrick=, of O’Farrell & Son, lawyers, Solicitors of
    American and Foreign Patents, 1425 New York Avenue, Washington, D.
    C.

  =O’Farrell, Rev. Denis J.=, 7 North Square, Boston, Mass.; Rector
    St. Stephen’s Church.

  =O’Flaherty, John= (M. D.), Hartford, Conn.; served during the Civil
    War in Corcoran’s Legion as a member of the 170th Regiment, N. Y.
    Volunteers.

  =O’Flynn, Thomas F.=, 25 Grosvenor Street, Worcester, Mass.

  =O’Hart, John=, 1 Woodside, Vernon Avenue, Clontarf, Ireland; author
    of _O’Hart’s Irish Pedigrees_, _The Last Princes of Tara_, etc.

  =O’Hearn, William H.= (M. D.), 283 Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.

  =O’Keefe, Daniel T.= (M. D.), 183 Green Street, Jamaica Plain
    (Boston), Mass.

  =O’Keefe, Edmund=, Inspector Buildings, New Bedford, Mass.

  =O’Keefe, John A.=, lawyer, 25 Exchange Street, Lynn, Mass.;
    formerly Principal of the High School, that city; recently
    candidate for Attorney-General of Massachusetts.

  =O’Kennedy, J. J. Karbry= (LL.D.), 111 Broadway, New York City.

  =O’Loughlin, Patrick=, lawyer, 23 Court Street, Boston, Mass.

  =O’Mahoney, Daniel J.=, Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass.;
    ex-Superintendent of Streets.

  =O’Mahoney, Michael=, of Moulton & O’Mahoney, contractors, Lawrence,
    Mass.

  =O’Malley, Rev. John=, Chicopee Falls, Mass.

  =O’Neal, Hon. Emmet=, U. S. District Attorney, Florence, Ala.

  =O’Neil, Hon. Joseph H.=, Sub-Treasurer of the United States,
    Boston, Mass.

  =O’Neil, James=, 521 7th Street, N. W., Washington, D. C.

  =O’Neil, James=, Hampshire and Common Streets, Lawrence, Mass.

  =O’Neil, Rev. J. L.= (O. P.), 871 Lexington Avenue, New York City.
    This is a life membership standing to the credit of “The Editor of
    _The Rosary Magazine_.” It is so arranged in order that successive
    editors of the publication may enjoy the rights and privileges of
    the society. Father O’Neil was the first to represent the magazine
    in the organization.

  =O’Neill, Eugene C.=, 51 Lee Avenue, Newport, R. I.

  =O’Neill, James L.=, Franklin Street, Elizabeth, N. J.

  =O’Neill, John E.=, 53 Lee Avenue, Newport, R. I.; member of the
    Board of Aldermen; cashier New York and Boston Despatch Express
    Company.

  =O’Neill, William F.=, Chicopee Falls, Mass.

  =O’Reilly, Luke F.=, 825 7th Street, N. W., Washington, D. C.

  =O’Reilly, Rev. James T.= (O. S. A.), Rector St. Mary’s Church,
    Lawrence, Mass.

  =O’Reilly, Thomas B.=, Salt Lake City, Utah.

  =O’Shea, Dennis=, of O’Shea Bros., Laconia, N. H.; Proprietors
    Laconia Knitting Company.

  =O’Shea, J. F.= (M. D), 116 Union Street, Lynn, Mass.

  =O’Sullivan, Hon. Edward F.=, City Engineer’s Office, Lawrence,
    Mass.; an ex-Senator.

  =O’Sullivan, Humphrey=, 105 Butterfield Street, Lowell, Mass.

  =O’Sullivan, James=, of O’Sullivan Bros., Merrimack Street, Lowell,
    Mass.

  =O’Sullivan, James T.=, real estate and insurance, Lawrence, Mass.;
    ex-City Marshal.


  =Palmer, Rev. Edmund B.=, 4 Peter Parley Street, Jamaica Plain
    (Boston), Mass.; great-grandson of Barnabas Palmer, of Rochester,
    N. H., who was born in Cork or Limerick, 1725, and who emigrated
    from there with two brothers, and enlisted under Sir William
    Pepperill. Barnabas sailed from Portsmouth, N. H., one of the
    force of 3000 men, 1745; and on the Isle of Cape Breton, under
    Fort Louisburg, left his right arm. Subsequently he settled in
    Rochester, N. H., married, had fourteen children, and was a member
    of the General Court of New Hampshire that ratified the
    Constitution of the United States.

  =Patterson, Rev. Geo. J.=, Rector St Vincent’s Church, South Boston,
    Mass.

  =Penney, William M.=, 34 West 26th Street, New York City.

  =Pepper, Rev. George W.= (Methodist), 1021 East Madison Avenue,
    Cleveland, Ohio; ex-U. S. Consul to Milan.

  =Perry, Dr. Charles=, P. O. Box 2977, New York City.

  =Phalen, Rev. Frank L.=, pastor Unitarian Church, Concord, N. H.;
    chaplain of the First N. H. Regiment, U. S. Volunteers (war with
    Spain).

  =Phelan, Edmund=, 32 Adams Street, Roxbury (Boston), Mass.

  =Phelan, Hon. John J.=, recently Connecticut’s Secretary of State,
    Bridgeport, Conn.

  =Phelan, Rev. J.=, Rector St. Mary’s Roman Catholic Church, Rock
    Valley, Iowa; recently editor of the _Northwestern Catholic_.

  =Philpott, Anthony J.=, editorial department of the _Daily Globe_,
    Boston, Mass.

  =Piggott, Michael=, lawyer, 1634 Vermont Street, Quincy, Ill.

  =Pigott, Hon. James P.=, 179 Church Street, New Haven, Conn.;
    ex-Member of Congress.

  =Plunkett, Thomas=, 257 6th Street, East Liverpool, Ohio.

  =Power, James D.=, 2007 G Street, N. W., Washington, D. C.

  =Pulleyn, John J.=, Treasurer Catholic Club, 171 West 94th Street,
    New York City.


  =Quinlan, Prof. Francis J.= (M. D., LL.D.), 33 West 38th Street, New
    York City; President New York Celtic Medical Society; late surgeon
    in the U. S. Indian service.

  =Quinn, Hon. John=, 66 Broadway, New York City.

  =Quinn, William H.=, Hallowell, Me.

  =Quinton, Capt. William=, 7th U. S. Infantry, 35 Kneeland Street,
    Boston, Mass.


  =Radikin, Edward F.=, of Radikin, Cooney & McNulty, dry-goods
    merchants, Pawtucket, R. I.

  =Rafferty, Dr. James J.=, Worcester, Mass.

  =Ratigan, John B.=, lawyer, Walker Building, Worcester, Mass.

  =Reardon, Edmund=, 24 Commerce Street, Boston, Mass.

  =Reardon, J. P.= (D. D. S.), Central Building, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Reddy, Hon. W. F.=, 23 Schafer Building, Richmond, Va.; a member of
    the State Legislature.

  =Reed, Henry E.=, 162 2d Street, Portland, Ore.; manager _Catholic
    Sentinel_.

  =Regan, W. P.=, architect, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Reilly, James C.=, Clement Building, Rutland, Vt.

  =Reilly, John M.=, Box 122, Columbus, Ind.

  =Reilly, W. F. B.= (D. D. S.), 72 Merrimack Street, Haverhill, Mass.

  =Rice, James D.=, 39 Hammond Street, Bangor, Me.

  =Rice, John H.=, Eastern Trust and Banking Co., Bangor, Me.

  =Riordan, John H.=, 136 Fort Hill Avenue, Lowell, Mass.

  =Robinson, Thomas W.=, Main Street, Pawtucket, R. I.

  =Roche, James Jeffrey= (LL.D.), editor of _The Pilot_, 630
    Washington Street, Boston, Mass.; author of a _Story of the
    Filibusters_, _Life of John Boyle O’Reilly_, _Songs and Satires_,
    _Ballads of Blue Water_, and other works.

  =Rock, Thomas H.=, Main Street, Pawtucket, R. I.

  =Rodwaye, Alfred J.=, 44 Kingston Street, Boston, Mass.; a member of
    the Jacobite Order of the White Rose; Fellow of the Royal
    Historical Society, England; Fellow of the Royal Society of
    Northern Antiquarians, Denmark; member of the Royal Italian
    Heraldic Academy.

  =Ronayne, Thomas H.=, lawyer, 5 Beekman Street, New York City.

  =Rooney, John J.=, of Rooney & Spence, customs brokers, 66, 68, and
    70 Beaver Street, New York City.

  =Roosevelt, Hon. Theodore=, recently Assistant Secretary of the
    Navy, Washington, D. C.

  =Ruggles, Henry Stoddard= (ninth American generation), Wakefield,
    Mass.; a member of the Sons of the Revolution and of the Sons of
    the American Revolution.

  =Rush, John=, 16th and Farnham Streets, Omaha, Neb.

  =Ryan, Felix L.=, 47 Main Street, Bangor, Me.

  =Ryan, John=, 789 Westfield Street, Lowell, Mass.

  =Ryan, John J.=, lawyer, 204 Merrimack Street, Haverhill, Mass.

  =Ryan, John J.=, 59 South Broadway, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Ryan, Patrick H.=, 789 Westfield Street, Lowell, Mass.

  =Ryan, Philip=, 79 Portland Street, Worcester, Mass.

  =Ryan, Richard=, Rutland Vt.

  =Ryan, Sylvester A.=, 565 Chestnut Street, Springfield, Mass.


  =Sanders, Col. C. C.=, Gainesville, Ga.; President of the State
    Banking Co.; commanded the 24th Georgia Regiment in the Civil War;
    grandson of an Irishman; his regiment received the famous charges
    of Meagher’s Irish Brigade at Fredericksburg.

  =Scanlan, John F.=, 4333 Indiana Avenue, Chicago, Ill.

  =Sexton, Sergt. Patrick G.=, Augusta, Me.

  =Shahan, Rev. Thomas H.=, Malden, Mass.

  =Shahan, Rev. Thomas J.= (D. D.), Catholic University, Washington,
    D. C.

  =Shanahan, Rev. Edmund T.= (Ph.D., D. D.), Catholic University,
    Washington, D. C.

  =Shea, C. J.=, of Shea & Donnelly, Lynn, Mass.

  =Shea, John T.=, 119 3d Street, East Cambridge, Mass.; member of the
    Board of Aldermen.

  =Shea, M. J.=, Piedmont Street, Canton, Ohio.

  =Shea, Richard J.=, City Hall, Lawrence, Mass.; clerk of the
    Council; City Auditor.

  =Sheahan, Dennis H.=, lawyer, Providence, R. I.; ex-clerk of the
    Rhode Island House of Representatives.

  =Sheehan, John A.=, Pickering Building, Manchester, N. H.

  =Sheran, Hugh F.=, 46 Charter Street, Boston, Mass.; formerly of the
    City Assessors’ Department.

  =Sheridan, Bernard H.=, principal of the Oliver School, Lawrence,
    Mass.

  =Shortell, Joseph P.=, 28 Cabot Street, Salem, Mass.

  =Slattery, James A.=, Pawtucket, R. I.; member of the School
    Committee.

  =Slattery, William=, Holyoke, Mass.

  =Sloane, Prof. William M.=, Columbia College, New York City; author
    of _Life of Napoleon_.

  =Smith, Dr. Thomas B.=, Wyman’s Exchange, Lowell, Mass.

  =Smith, Joseph=, Secretary of the Police Commission, Lowell, Mass.;
    a clear, vigorous writer and author of many articles of an
    ethnological and historical nature.

  =Smith, Rev. Thomas M.=, East Liverpool, Ohio.

  =Smith, William H.=, 18 Oak Street, Hartford, Conn.

  =Smyth, Eneas=, Brookline, Mass.

  =Smyth, Rev. Hugh J.=, New Bedford, Mass.

  =Smyth, Rev. Hugh P.=, Rector St. Joseph’s Church, Roxbury (Boston),
    Mass.

  =Somers, James F.=, 83 West 132d Street, New York City.

  =Somers, P. E.=, manufacturer, 17 Hermon Street, Worcester, Mass.

  =Somers, Philip M.=, 349 Broadway, New York City.

  =Somers, Thomas F.=, 349 Broadway, New York City.

  =Spillane, Jere B.=, associate editor _The Music Trade Review_;
    editor _The Keynote_; 3 East 14th Street, New York City.

  =St. Clair, Sam C.=, civil engineer, 519 Court Street, Reading, Pa.

  =St. Gaudens, Augustus=, sculptor, New York City.

  =Steele, N. C.= (M. D.), Chattanooga, Tenn.; four generations
    removed from Ireland.

  =Stevens, Walter F.=, druggist, 176 Winter Street, Haverhill, Mass.

  =Sullivan, Eugene M.=, Chicopee, Mass.

  =Sullivan, Hon. John H.=, President of the Columbian Trust Company,
    20 Meridian Street, East Boston, Mass.; a Massachusetts Senator,
    1888; a member of the Governor’s Council, 1895, 1896, 1898.

  =Sullivan, Hon. M. B.=, Dover, N. H., ex-State Senator.

  =Sullivan, James O.=, 245 Main Street, Biddeford, Me.

  =Sullivan, Jeremiah O.=, 431 Purchase Street, New Bedford, Mass.

  =Sullivan, John D.=, 113 Palm Street, Nashua, N. H.

  =Sullivan, John J.=, 140 Chestnut Street, Nashua, N. H.

  =Sullivan, H. F.= (M. D.), Oak Street, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Sullivan, M. J.=, of Buckley, McCormack & Sullivan, furniture
    salesrooms, Lawrence, Mass.

  =Sullivan, Patrick F.=, of Sullivan Bros., 9 School Street, Boston,
    Mass.

  =Sullivan, Patrick H.=, Opera Block, Manchester, N. H.

  =Sullivan, Roger G.=, 803 Elm Street, Manchester, N. H.

  =Sullivan, T. Russell=, 10 Charles Street, Boston, Mass.; a
    descendant of Gov. James Sullivan of Massachusetts.

  =Sullivan, Timothy P.=, Concord, N. H.; furnished granite from his
    New Hampshire quarries for the new National Library Building,
    Washington, D. C.

  =Sullivan, William J.= (M. D.), Lawrence, Mass.

  =Supple, Rev. James N.=, Rector St Francis de Sales’s Church,
    Charlestown (Boston), Mass.

  =Swords, Col. Henry Leonard=, The Florence, 4th Avenue and 18th
    Street, New York City.

  =Swords, Joseph Forsyth=, 250 Main Street, Hartford, Conn.; a
    descendant of Cornet George Swords, one of the A. D. 1649 officers
    in the service of Kings Charles I and Charles II in Ireland.
    Joseph F. Swords is a member of the Sons of the American
    Revolution and a life member of the Connecticut Historical
    Society. He is of the fourth American generation from Francis
    Dawson Swords, graduate of Trinity College, Dublin, 1750, who was
    exiled from Ireland, 1760, and who served in the Patriot Army
    throughout the war of the Revolution.


  =Tally, Philip=, 353 Westminster Street, Providence, R. I.

  =Teeling, Rev. Arthur J.=, Permanent Rector St. Mary’s Roman
    Catholic Church, Lynn, Mass.

  =Tennian, Rev. John C.=, Rector Church of the Assumption, Potter’s
    Avenue, Providence, R. I.

  =Thomas, Robert J.=, Water Department, Lowell, Mass.

  =Thompson, Robert Ellis= (Ph.D., S. T. D.), President Central High
    School, Philadelphia, Pa.; recently a professor in the University
    of Pennsylvania.

  =Tigh, Frederick= (M. D.), 132 High Street, Newburyport, Mass.

  =Timmins, Patrick J.= (M. D.), 487 Broadway, South Boston, Mass.

  =Tobin, Capt. John M.=, Box 524, Washington, D. C.; a commissioned
    officer during the war in the Ninth Massachusetts Regiment (The
    “Irish Ninth.”)

  =Toland, M. A.=, _The Pilot_ Office, 630 Washington Street, Boston,
    Mass.

  =Toomey, Daniel J.=, manager _Donahoe’s Magazine_, Washington
    Street, Boston, Mass.

  =Toomey, R. A.=, with Forbes & Wallace, Springfield, Mass.

  =Travers, Frank C.=, President of Travers Brothers Co., 107 Duane
    Street, New York City, cordage manufacturers.

  =Treanor, J. 0.=, 211 Union Street, Nashville, Tenn.

  =Tuckey, James F.=, 26 Grove Street, New Haven, Conn.


  =Vail, Roger=, associate editor of _The Irish Standard_,
    Minneapolis, Minn.

  =Vance, Thomas F.=, Main Street, Pawtucket, R. I.; attorney-at-law.


  =Waldron, Thomas F.=, 74 Washington Street, Haverhill, Mass.

  =Wallace, Rev. T. H.=, Lewiston, Me.

  =Waller, Hon. Thomas M.=, ex-Governor of Connecticut; member of the
    law firm of Waller & Wagner, 15 Wall Street, New York City.

  =Walsh, Hon. Patrick=, publisher of _The Chronicle_, Augusta, Ga.;
    Mayor of Augusta; recently United States Senator.

  =Walsh, James A.=, Lewiston, Me.; agent Lewiston Bleachery.

  =Walsh, Michael= (LL.D., Ph.D.), editor of _The Sunday Democrat_, 32
    Park Row, New York City.

  =Walsh, William P.=, 247 Water Street, Augusta, Me.

  =Ward, Edward=, Kennebunk, Me.

  =Ward, John=, Kennebunk, Me.

  =Ward, Michael J.=, Hotel Ilkley, Huntington Avenue, Boston, Mass.

  =Ward, Patrick=, 13 Casco Street, Portland, Me.

  =Weadock, Hon. Thomas A. E.=, lawyer, Detroit, Mich.; member of the
    52d and of the 53d Congress.

  =Welsh, John P.=, Congress Square Hotel, Portland, Me.

  =Whalen, Maurice H.=, 8 Vetronile Street, Biddeford, Me.

  =Whalen, Nicholas J.=, 97 Merrimack Street, Manchester, N. H.

  =Willis, John R.=, 1164 Elm Street, Manchester, N. H.

  =Wilson, William Power=, lawyer, Exchange Building, 53 State Street,
    Boston, Mass.

  =Winters, Lawrence=, 350 West 120th Street, New York City.

  =Woods, John J.=, 54 Federal Street, Newburyport, Mass.

  =Woods, Robert J.=, treasurer University Settlement, 6 Rollins
    Street, Boston, Mass.

  =Woods, William S.=, City Solicitor, Taunton, Mass.

  =Wright, John B.=, editor of _The Gazette_, Haverhill, Mass.

  =Wynne, Peter=, 301 East 105th Street, New York City.




                               NECROLOGY.


                          Jeremiah W. Coveney.

Born in Cambridge, Mass., 1840; during Civil War enlisted in 28th
Massachusetts Regiment; was successively commissioned Lieutenant,
Captain, Major, and Lieutenant-Colonel; seriously wounded in 1864, while
Brigade Inspector of the Second Brigade, First Division, Second Corps;
member of the Massachusetts Legislature; surveyor of the port of Boston;
private secretary to Governor Russell; postmaster of Boston; admitted to
the society March 29, 1897; died in Cambridge, Mass., April 29, 1897.


                       Richard Worsam Meade, 3d.

Born in New York City, 1837; appointed Midshipman Oct 2, 1850; first sea
service in sloop-of-war _Preble_, 1851; warrant as Master and commission
as Lieutenant, 1858; Lieutenant-Commander, 1862; was a Commander in
1870; commissioned Captain in 1880; became a Commodore in 1892, and
Rear-Admiral in 1894; admitted to the society at its organization, Jan.
20, 1897, and chosen President-General of the same, being the first to
hold the office; died in Washington, D. C., May 4, 1897.


                           Laurence J. Smith.

Born in County Meath, Ireland, 1850; member of City Council, Lowell,
Mass., 1881–86; member Lowell Public Library Board; was made a License
Commissioner of Lowell, 1894; Police Commissioner, 1895; attained the
highest rank in the Foresters of America, having been Supreme Chief
Ranger of the United States; admitted to the society Feb. 27, 1897; died
in Lowell, Mass., Oct. 23, 1897.


                            Owen A. Galvin.

Born in Boston, Mass., 1852; admitted to the bar, 1876; elected to the
Massachusetts House of Representatives, 1881; a State Senator from
Boston during 1882, 1883, and 1884; candidate for President of the
Senate, 1884; candidate for Mayor of Boston, 1889; was U. S. District
Attorney, 1887–89; admitted to the society July 15, 1897; died in
Boston, Mass., Dec. 18, 1897.


                           Charles B. Gafney.

Born in Ossipee, N. H., Sept. 17, 1843; enlisted Sept 27, 1862, as
Second Lieutenant of Co. B, 13th New Hampshire Volunteers; promoted to
the rank of First Lieutenant June 1, 1863, and to that of Captain, May
30, 1865; severely wounded in the thigh at Petersburg, June 13, 1864;
served as aid to General Ripley, General McCullom, and General Roulston;
was graduated from the law school at Columbia University, Washington, D.
C., in 1868; was Clerk to the National Senate Committee on Naval Affairs
for eight years; went to Rochester, N. H., in 1871 and formed a law
partnership with Joseph H. Worcester, which firm became Worcester,
Gafney & Snow. Mr. Gafney was private secretary to Hon. Frank Jones
during the latter’s presidency of the Boston & Maine Railroad; in April,
1896, Mr. Gafney was appointed Judge of Probate for Strafford County by
Governor Busiel, to succeed Judge Young; admitted to the society Feb. 9,
1897; died in Rochester, N. H., Jan. 25, 1898.


                          Hon. John Cochrane.

Descendant of an officer who served under Washington; President of the
N. Y. Society of the Cincinnati, 7 East 62d Street, New York City; from
1857 to 1861 was a Congressman from New York City; was commissioned
Colonel of the First U. S. Chasseurs, June 11, 1861; Brigadier-General
of Volunteers, July 17, 1862; in 1864 was nominated at Cleveland, O.,
for Vice-President of the United States; had previously been
Attorney-General of New York State; admitted to the society on its
organization, Jan. 20, 1897; died in New York City, Oct. 7, 1897.


                              Andrew Athy.

Born Jan. 1, 1832, in County Galway, Ireland, and came to this country
at the age of sixteen years; located in Worcester, Mass., about 1850;
filled public offices of trust and responsibility in Worcester almost
continuously during more than thirty years. He was first elected to the
Common Council in 1865, and served thirteen years. He represented his
city in the Legislature of 1874 and 1875. He was a member of the Board
of Aldermen from 1881 to 1886, and was a member of the commission to
build the new City Hall, having been elected by the City Council. He ran
for mayor in 1886 as a Democratic candidate, and polled a surprisingly
large vote, and in 1891, 1892, and 1893 he was chairman of the
Democratic City Committee. He was a member of the old Jackson Guards at
the time of disbandment, during the Know-Nothing administration of
Governor Gardner; admitted to the society as a life member, March 5,
1898; died in Worcester, Mass., May 15, 1898.


                            Capt. John Drum,

the hero of Santiago, was born in Ireland, May 1, 1840. Coming to this
country at an early age, he went to California, and at the outbreak of
the Civil War entered the armies of the Union. At the close of
hostilities he obtained a commission as Lieutenant in the regular army.
He did gallant service in the various Indian wars, especially in the
southwest. In 1894 he was appointed Military Instructor in St. Francis
Xavier’s College, New York City. At the close of the detail he seriously
considered the advisability of retiring from the service, but the
destruction of the battleship _Maine_ put an end to the idea. He
immediately joined his regiment at Fort Sill and subsequently landed on
Cuban soil, where he fell in the gallant charge at Santiago. Captain
Drum has been a member of this society since its inauguration and took a
deep interest in Irish historical matters. He was buried with military
honors in Boston, Sept 3, 1898.




                    PAPERS READ BEFORE THE SOCIETY.


Since its organization the society has been favored with the following
original papers:—

  Thomas Hamilton Murray, editor _Daily Sun_, Lawrence, Mass.:—“The
  Irish Bacons who Settled at Dedham, Mass., in 1640,” one of whose
  descendants, John Bacon, was killed April 19, 1775, in the fight at
  West Cambridge (battle of Lexington).

  Hon. John C. Linehan, State Insurance Commissioner, Concord, N. H.,
  on “The Seizure of the Powder at Fort William and Mary,” by Maj.
  John Sullivan and his associates, some of which powder was later
  dealt out to the patriots at Bunker Hill.

  Edward J. Brandon, City Clerk, Cambridge, Mass., a paper on the
  “Battle of Lexington, Concord, and Cambridge,” during which he read
  a list of Irish names borne by Minute-Men or militia in the battle
  of the nineteenth of April, 1775.

  Joseph Smith, Secretary of the Police Commission, Lowell, Mass., on
  “The Irishman, Ethnologically Considered.”

  Dennis Harvey Sheahan, Providence, R. I., ex-Clerk of the Rhode
  Island House of Representatives:—“The Need of an Organization such
  as the A. I. H. S., and its Scope.”

  Thomas Hamilton Murray:—“Matthew Watson, an Irish Settler of
  Barrington, R. I., 1722.”




                          ADDRESSES DELIVERED.


Addresses have been delivered before the society, or at meetings held
under its auspices, by the following:—

      Hon. Thomas J. Gargan, Boston, Mass.
      Hon. Hugh J. Carroll, Pawtucket, R. I.
      Hon. John C. Linehan, Concord, N. H.
      Charles A. De Courcey, Lawrence, Mass.
      Paul B. Du Chaillu, the traveler and author.
      Osborne Howes, Boston, Mass.
      James Cunningham, Portland, Me.
      Robert A. Woods, Boston, Mass.
      Gen. James R. O’Beirne, New York City.
      John Mackinnon Robertson, London, England.
      P. J. Flatley, Boston, Mass.
      Rev. John J. McCoy, Chicopee, Mass.
      Rev. Edward McSweeney, Bangor, Me.
      Rev. P. Farrelly, Central Falls, R. I.
      James Jeffrey Roche, Boston, Mass.
      Thomas B. Lawler, Worcester, Mass.
      M. J. Harson, Providence, R. I.
      Joseph Smith, Lowell, Mass.
      Dennis H. Sheahan, Providence, R. I.
      Rear-Admiral Belknap, U. S. N. (retired), Boston, Mass.
      Hon. Patrick A. Collins, ex-U. S. Consul-General to London.
      Judge Wauhope Lynn, New York City.
      Capt. Edward O’Meagher Condon, Washington, D. C.
      Hon. Thomas Dunn English, Newark, N. J.
      Dr. Thomas Addis Emmet, New York City.
      E. Benj. Andrews, president of Brown University.
      Prof. Alonzo Williams, Brown University, Providence, R. I.
      Rev. Arthur J. Teeling, Lynn, Mass.
      Rev. T. P. Linehan, Biddeford, Me.
      Mayor Tilton, Portsmouth, N. H.
      C. H. Clary, Hallowell, Me.
      John Griffin, Portsmouth, N. H.
      James F. Brennan, Peterborough, N. H.
      Rev. James A. Flynn, Biddeford, Me.
      Rev. John J. McGinnis, Sanford, Me.
      Bernard Corr, Boston, Mass.
      Dr. W. D. Collins, Haverhill, Mass.
      John F. Doyle, New York City.
      W. J. Kelly, Kittery, Me.
      Dr. W. H. A. Lyons, Portsmouth, N. H.
      James H. McGlinchey, Portland, Me.




                                 INDEX.


 Adams, John, Diary of, 40.

 American-Irish Historical Society,
   By-Laws, 13.
   Constitution of, 7.
   Executive Council, Duties of, 11.
   Historiographer, Duties of, 11.
   History of, 96.
   Librarian-Archivist, Duties of, 11.
   Membership in, 9.
   Officers of, 101.
   Organization of, 1.
   President-General, Duties of, 10.
   Secretary-General, Duties of, 10.
   Vice-Presidents, Duties of, 10.

 Andrews, E. Benjamin, Letter of, 74.

 Anglo-Saxons, 82, 87.


 Berkely, George, Advent of, in New England, 16.

 Bolton, J. Gray, D. D., Letter of, 31.

 Brady, Rev. C. T., Letter of, 28.

 Brandon, E. J., Address of, 47.

 Brown University, Foundation of, 61.
   Irish Contributions to, 72.

 Burgess, Prof. John W., Works of, 82.


 Cargill, Hugh, at Lexington and Concord, 50.
   Grave of, 16.

 Carroll, Hugh J., Address of, 18.

 Cavaliers, Virginia, 71.

 Collins, Patrick A., Address of, 76.

 Conaty, Rt. Rev. T. J., Letter of, 24.

 Crimmins, John D., Reception by, 96.

 Cromwell, Policy in Ireland, 15.
   Deportation of Irish to Massachusetts Bay, 89.
   Settles his soldiers in Ireland, 92.

 Custis, G. W. P., Report of, on Irish in Continental Army, 49.


 De Courcey, C. A., Address of, 18.

 Donahoe, J. P., Letter of, 26.

 Du Chaillu, Paul B., Address of, 17.


 Emmet, Dr. Thomas Addis, Letter of, 24.
   Address of, 81.

 English, Dr. Thomas Dunn, Letter of, 29.
   Address of, 81.


 Field, Darby, Discoverer of the White Mountains, 17.

 Fiske, John, Criticism of, 83.
   On advent of Scotch-Irish in America, 90.

 Flatley, P. J., Address of, 18.

 Friendly Sons of St. Patrick, Letter from, 75.


 Gargan, Thomas J., Address of, 14.
   Address of, 67.

 Green, Samuel Swett, Letter of, 26.


 Hastings, D. H., Letter of, 21.

 History, Some Ways in which, is Falsified, 81.

 Hoar, George F., Letter of, 28.


 Irishman, The, Ethnologically Considered, 50.


 James I and Ulster, 91.

 Johnstone, Governor, on Irish Friendship for American Colonists, 49.


 Knox, General, in Rhode Island, 60.

 Knox, John, Welcomes Irish Emigrants to Scotland, 94.


 Lawler, Thomas B., Address of, 62.

 Lawless, Joseph T., Work of, 73.

 Lee, Henry, on Irish Soldiers in Continental Army, 49.

 Linehan, John C., Address of, 17.
   Paper of, on John Sullivan, 34.

 Lodge, Henry Cabot, Criticism of, 82.

 Londonderry, American soldiers from, at Bunker Hill, 88.


 Macarty, Charles, Founder of East Greenwich, R. I., 60.

 Maccarty, Rev. Mr., and Colonial patriots at Worcester, 50.

 McCoy, Rev. John J., Address of, 18.
   Letter of, 31.

 Meade, Admiral, Letter of, 21.
   Letter of, 33.
   Death of, 54.

 Moseley, E. A., Letter of, 25.
   Election of, 62.

 Moses, George H., Address of, 18.

 Motley, John Lothrop, on Agriculture in England and Scotland, 95.

 Murray, Thomas Hamilton, Report of, 20.
   Address of, 59.
   Paper of, 34.
   Report of, 65.


 O’Beirne, James R., Address of, 79.

 O’Connell, J. D., Address of, 62.

 Olneys The, in Rhode Island, 61.

 O’Sullivan, John, Arrival of, in Massachusetts, 16.


 Petty, Sir W., on Population of Ulster, 92.

 Puritan, Mr. Lodge and the, 86.


 Robertson, John M., Address of, 68.

 Roche, James Jeffrey, Address of, 62.

 Roosevelt, Theodore, Letter of, 28.

 Ruggles, Henry Stoddard, Letter of, 23.


 Scotch-Irish, Myth of, 14.
   The so-called, 16.
   Thomas J. Gargan on, 68.
   Joseph Smith on, 82.
   At Bunker Hill, 88.
   Among the Minute-Men, 89.
   John Fiske on, 90.

 Shahan, Rev. T. J., Letter of, 23.

 Sheahan, Dennis H., Paper of, 69.

 Smith, Joseph, Address of, 17.
   Report of, 19.
   Paper of, 50.
   Address of, 62.
   Paper of, 81.

 Smith, Judge, Letter of, 23.

 Sullivan, James, Degree from Brown University, 60.

 Sullivan, John, in Massachusetts, 16.
   Capture of powder at Newcastle by, 34.
   Elected to Continental Congress, 38.
   In Rhode Island, 60.
   Capture of William and Mary, 88.

 Sullivan, Russell, Descendant of Gen. John Sullivan, 16.


 Tavism, Mr. Lodge and, 86.

 Temple, Judge, on Covenanter, Cavalier, and Puritan, 89.

 Toleration Act for Ireland, 91.


 Ulster, Intermarriages in, 91.
   Population of, 92.


 Walker, Francis A., Letter of, 30.

 Walsh, Patrick, Letter of, 27.

 Washington, George, and the Irish, 73.
   And his army, 88.

------------------------------------------------------------------------




                          TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES


 1. Silently corrected typographical errors.
 2. Retained anachronistic and non-standard spellings as printed.
 3. Enclosed italics font in _underscores_.
 4. Enclosed bold font in =equals=.