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  THE MYTH IN MARRIAGE

  _by Alice Hubbard_

  _The Roycrofters
  East Aurora N.Y._




  Copyright, 1912
  By Alice Hubbard




CONTENTS


  FOREWORD                          7

  ROMANCE                          13

  THE REVELATION                   19

  FACTS                            21

  AN AWAKENING                     25

  THE NATURAL MARRIAGE             29

  THE SOCIAL MARRIAGE              33

  THE MARRIAGE OF CONVENIENCE      37

  CONCLUSION                       39

  THE BUSINESS OF MARRIAGE         41

  PRIMITIVE BONDAGE                45

  NATURE'S METHOD                  49

  ECONOMIC FREEDOM                 53

  CITIZENS                         55

  ENFORCED DEPENDENCE              63

  HOMOGENEITY                      71

  ROMANCE                          75




FOREWORD


Marriage is a subject of interest to all adults, and at one time in almost
every life it is the vision that fills the horizon.

To many it is a mirage.

To a few it proves to be the hills from whence cometh their strength. The
rising sun of romance tips every blade of grass, every leaf and flower and
twig, with the mystery and miracle of color and perfume.

The noonday light reveals truth that the half-light of the dawn could not
show.

And evening twilight garners all the richness of marriage.

The purpose of this book is to enlighten by bringing into the light of day
experiences that must come into the lives of women and men.

--_Alice Hubbard._




The Myth in Marriage


There is a time in every man's education when he arrives at the conviction
that he must take himself for better, for worse, as his portion; that
though the wide universe is full of good, no kernel of nourishing corn can
come to him but through his toil bestowed on that plot of ground which is
given to him to till.--_Emerson._




ROMANCE

    _The object of love expands and grows before us to eternity, until it
    includes all that is lovely, and we become all that can
    love.--Thoreau._


Marriage, although a most common incident in life, is understood as little
as is birth, life and death. People are perpetually ignorant on the
subject, and insist upon remaining in this state until the veil of their
temple is rent in twain, and their holy of holies has daylight thrown upon
it.

Love is a sacred mystery whose secret is as yet locked away from mortals.
We recognize a few of its manifestations and dream of its power. We
connect it in our thoughts with marriage and birth, but we assume its
presence: we do not bring proof.

Love is spirit, and can not be analyzed nor understood.

The most that man can apprehend of it is to know its absence or its
presence. Its most refined manifestations have come to us with the
development of intellect.

There are only a few examples of the manifestation of great love in
history. So rare are the people capable of its expression that the whole
world wonders and in awe has said that the Creator is Love.

And lovers have been set apart as belonging to the Great Mystery and
revered in degree as is the Source of Love.

One of the phases of this manifestation in people is the desire to give.
The lover withholds nothing from his beloved. There is one desire--to give
all. Thus is the mind expanded until it reaches truth never before seen.

Love is the enlightener of the soul. It is the all-seeing eye that
discovers the highest possibilities in man. Its eternal desire is to
fulfil these.

"I can do no ill, because I could not meet the beloved on terms of
equality if there were any stain upon my soul. My hands and my heart must
be clean."

Love's longing is to be entirely whole, clean and strong.

Love would never deceive. It is kindred only to truth and good.

All of life is sacred to the lover, and all life is sacred to him.

The lover is not so anxious that the beloved shall be perfect, as that she
herself, he himself, shall be without blemish. Love purifies the lover.
Love makes the lover clean.

There is no such thing as unrequited love, for to have loved is all the
compensation there is. The soul asks no more.

There is a sublime dignity in love--a majesty that suggests unlimited
power.

To love is an individual experience. The object of the love is only the
means to this end of awakening and purification.

When the lover asks aught from the beloved, he has descended from the
spiritual estate and begins to haggle and barter. Then it is not love, but
becomes something to buy and sell with.

Love radiates from the individual, as rays of light from its source.

When the lover wants to continue the ecstacy of the experience of
unselfishness, prolong the forgetfulness of his sordid self, he does what?
Just the opposite of what will secure for him this Nirvana! He begins to
demand. He asks her to be forever near him, she asks him to forever stay,
all in faith, believing that the soul-awakener is a person, when the
person has only reminded the soul of an ideal. For a time this person
keeps this ideal living before the soul of the lover.

Elbert Hubbard says, "I love you because you love the things I love."
There is a trinity in love. Lovers make the soul to see a similar ideal
which both love.

So long as each asks nothing from the other, makes no demand, this ideal
may continue to come before the mind, and remain there while the person is
present, and return at the thought of the beloved.




THE REVELATION

    _The gay enchantment was undone,
    A gentle wife, but fairy none.--Emerson._


The ecstacy of feeling the presence of the ideal may continue for many
meetings and partings, until the lovers believe that each is responsible
for the beautiful ideal that is theirs.

They arrange to live permanently in each other's presence.

But this living together has induced a thousand conditions that had
nothing whatever to do with the ecstacy of the soul.

Young people do not realize how much economics has to do with every-day
living until they are face to face with every-day life.

Earning money, the drudgery in housework, the personal habits of the
individuals, intimate tastes and prejudices, are all foreign to the
awakening of ideals in the soul. The beloved, who was once an angel,
becomes a wife, a weaver, a worker, a plain human being, subject to the
shortcomings and ignorance that other human beings have.

And the lover, who is also beloved, becomes a husband, an earner of money,
in competition with other workers, subject to irritation, weariness,
discouragements, human failings.

The human qualities, the frailties and shortcomings, do not inspire the
soul to high ideals. And each looks across the impassable gulf of the
breakfast-table and wonders why they "introduced into their lives a spy."

"Where is the ideal I was to dwell with?"

"Where is the ideal that was to abide with me?"

Their souls are wrenched in anguish.




FACTS

    _You must stand up straight and put a name upon your
    actions.--Stevenson._


The business in marriage requires commonsense about ninety-nine per cent.

There is usually less romance in marriage than in any other relationship
of life.

But the general idea concerning marriage is that it is all or nearly all
romance.

There is no other business partnership so intimate and complex as that in
marriage.

And this partnership is entered into, the legal papers are drawn,
witnesses to the transaction are called, and a life agreement is made
without thought, discussion or an agreement concerning the business part
of this partnership.

Emphasis has been placed only upon the love, the part of the contract
which mortals can not control.

The business part of this contract holds the destinies of the contracting
parties as no other partnership can. Husband and wife can ruin each
other's fortunes utterly. No outsider can do this.

We would consider two men ridiculous who entered into a business
partnership, discussing with each other only the pleasure they anticipated
in seeing each other so constantly as they would, working side by side
each day.

Imagine one partner saying to the other, "With all my worldly goods I thee
endow," and slipping upon his finger a little gold ring. Then for the
duration of this partnership, the privileged partner giving to him who
wears the ring what he is inclined, varying as the joy in each other's
presence waxes or wanes. The idea is silly.

And yet a man and a woman may contract to live together, giving little
serious thought to the business part of such living, until they find that
mortals can not live on romance, and that the joy of their lives has flown
away.

Ecstacy continued, burns up life, and is not intended except for
inspiration.

Love may continue with marriage, and it may not. Civilization has drifted
us into conditions where it is difficult for romance to continue after the
lovers enter into the business of life together.

Marriage is of universal interest. The weal or woe of the race is involved
in it.

It is a natural incident in the lives of lovers; but the marriage of
lovers, although an incident in love, becomes an event in their lives
because of the business partnership, which phase they did not contemplate.

The primal purpose in the marriage of lovers is that they may be
perpetually purified, that they may live constantly their best. To do
this they must have the Ideal forever before them.

When the business part of marriage shows another "side" of their natures,
the Ideal may take wings. Then they naturally feel they are cheated. Their
first impulse is to run away from this "trouble," to get back to the Ideal
before it has been effaced.




AN AWAKENING

    _Love, indeed, is light from heaven;
    A spark of that immortal fire by Allah given.--Byron._


The expressions, "falling in love," and "making love," are terms
suggesting something that is impossible.

No one falls in love. The experience of loving may come when a person has
evolved where fine perceptions are possible. All living is an awakening
process in which there are many degrees of consciousness. At a certain
stage in his evolution, a human being is able to see and feel certain
truth.

The imagination is a power which is developed with intellect and fine
feeling. The imagination can create a world and people it. In this way,
ideals are perpetually made. Humanity's effort to realize ideals is
evolution.

When man can image a human being that fulfils the highest ideal he can
create, the soul rejoices. Man forgets the imperfect in his ecstacy when
contemplating the perfect. And when one human being sees another human
being who reminds him, more or less, of his ideal, he is said to love.

He does not "fall" nor "make," he realizes, he awakens, and sometimes
re-creates.

It may often occur that the person who awakens one to this ideal may
recall this ideal once, twice, again and yet again. Or this person may
constantly recall it, or cease altogether to recall it.

That man and woman are lovers who constantly keep before each other the
Ideal.

They wish to abide together, because together they live their best lives,
do their best work, are most kind to their fellow-man, do no wrong, can do
no wrong. This is commonly accepted today as the basis of marriage. It is
this ideal which is vaguely or definitely in the minds of thinking people
when they wish to marry.

The poet Dante had a wonderful, complete ideal. He saw but twice the woman
who reminded him of his Perfect. He wrote in poetry of his Ideal and
called Her by this woman's name.

His wife, the mother of his children, was another woman.

Many critics say that Dante's love for Beatrice was pure. Probably they
say this, because he asked nothing of her. That he never knew Beatrice was
fortunate, for the two people had very little in common. Dante was a poet
and dreamer. Beatrice was a woman of the nobility without serious cares
and responsibilities.




THE NATURAL MARRIAGE

    _Cell seeks affinity with cell.--Reedy._


When young people meet on a natural basis our present civilization insists
that it must necessarily be followed by a permanent, life-long friendship
or disgrace.

The cosmic urge causes a meeting which, if followed by an enforced close
relationship, usually has incompatability as a sequence.

Nature has one thing forever in mind. Civilization has not counted on
this.

A youth and a maiden meet when passion is strong, the will undisciplined
and judgment undeveloped. Convention says there is but one thing to do
when young people are thus strongly attracted to each other, and that is
to get the sanction of society (church and state) and make arrangements
for a permanent intimacy.

The youth expects the perpetual beauty, smile and charm of the ballroom,
reception or parlor. The maiden expects protestation of love, and her
ideals and promises fulfilled.

Each has firmly fixed in the mind an idea of something that has none or
little of the real in it--an idea that is impossible. Yet in it there are
hope and fond desire somewhere hinted.

The facts are that a struggle has just begun with some of the unpoetic
realities of existence, of which neither has ever before dreamed.

Perhaps the wife must rise early, prepare the breakfast, keep the rooms in
order. This is work.

The husband goes to business.

Business perplexes.

"Oh, she is just like other women!"

"Oh, he is just a common man!"

They complain.

The cosmic urge has nothing to do with any of this. It has come--and
gone, perhaps.

There is left a social situation. These two young people have had
something in common, and possibly only a transitory something.

How shall they live together when she loves what he hates, and he has
hopes, ambitions, desires that are nothing to her?

"He has cheated me!" "She has fooled me!" is their heart-cry.

The truth, however, is something like this: "We have been deceived. Nature
said one thing to us, and we confused with it something else and thought
what society said was true. We have been deceived."

There was nothing in the first attraction that made these two understand
anything about hardships, disagreeable duties, discomforts, weariness,
pain.

Those who are anxious to uphold church authority are saying a good deal
about the divorce evil. They bring statistics to show that one out of
every twelve marriages results in divorce.

They have not, however, secured any statistics as to whether the people in
the other eleven marriages enjoy what our Constitution affirms to be the
rights of American citizens: life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

The Church is talking about a "cure" for the divorce evil! One bishop
earnestly recommends the Jewish anathematization, "Let neither party ever
be spoken to again." But how would this remedy the social condition of the
two?

This is punishment, but not cure. The cause of the trouble is not even
looked for by the bishop.

"Is marriage a failure?" According to the divorce-courts it is.

The Church concedes that one-twelfth of all marriages are failures.




THE SOCIAL MARRIAGE

    _I am not surprised that some make shipwreck, but that any come to
    port.--Stevenson._


A social marriage is based on the idea of a high and lofty friendship, an
indissoluble partnership, an intimacy of relationship unknown in any other
phase of existence.

Such a marriage was not intended by Nature. A new element is introduced
when a social marriage occurs of which Nature had no thought, and we
should reckon with this, not without it.

This new element is the intellect. Nature does not recognize it in the
cosmic urge. So the meeting of man and woman on an intellectual plane, on
a basis of the sweetest friendship imaginable, is the only condition by
which Nature can endure the social marriage tie--which so often binds,
imprisons, and makes slaves.

Even at this time man considers that he owns a woman; that he has
purchased her freedom, her will, her habits, her aspirations, her time,
her love, her energies, her future, every activity of her life. She is in
very truth under a master. And the woman, as well, usually considers this
true.

The woman thinks, because she is owned, that there are certain rights
connected with her husband which she also has. In the majority of cases
the wife realizes her inferior strength when might makes right, and the
husband is not trusted. He must give an account of himself, morning, noon
and night; of his money, his letters, his attentions.

The woman has certain laws which she, too, tries to enforce. He must
support her, with all that the term implies.

"Didn't he promise to do this on the wedding-day?" Certainly, yes! So far
as I know, humanity is one in its nature, and neither male nor female. No
woman naturally wants to be owned and possessed. Humanity rebels against
tyranny; and there is more discord, more heartaches, more wrangling, more
unhappiness among married people than among the unmarried.

Were it possible for men and women when they marry to realize that they
own nothing more in "rights" after marriage than they did before, and
would make no more demands upon each other, marriage even with its present
accepted meaning would not be a failure.

The import of marriage, as it is understood today, is on the basis of
intellectual friendship, a business partnership, mutuality in all
interests of life. Few people know this.

We have mixed methods. Nature makes no compulsory laws in this matter of
living together.

Society has done this. The laws man makes, man must enforce. But what God
hath joined together, no man can put asunder. What God hath not joined
together, man is not very successful in combining.

We have demonetized woman, taking away from her the natural strength,
courage and independence that belong to the mother; made of her a slave,
under which condition she does not thrive.

And neither does man thrive in being master, for the chain that holds the
one is fastened to the wrist of the other.

Woman must make herself economically free, find work that exercises her
body and her mind, and most of the cause of discord, unrest and
unhappiness will have disappeared.




THE MARRIAGE OF CONVENIENCE

    _Its only end is the principle of existence.--Disraeli._


People who marry without ideals entering in as part of the contract have
few disappointments or troubles.

If the woman expects the man simply to provide shelter, food, raiment, and
the man expects a good cook, housekeeper and valet, and each fulfils his
part of the expectation, there are few other demands.

Tenderness, kindness, attentions are asked for very moderately, and good
service brings its own reward. Each understands the situation and has
accepted this business arrangement with marriage. So there is no
disappointment, no heartache. They get out of their marriage all they had
expected. They are not guilty of experiment and folly. They have their
quota of commonsense--and use it. Their ideals are simple and easily
attained.




CONCLUSION

    _We two have climbed together,
    Maybe we shall go on yet, side by side.--Schreiner._


Lovers who marry think more of the Ideal than of all else. And if or when
the Ideal ceases to remain in the presence of the husband or the wife,
then love is gone. In its place sorrow sits.

       *       *       *       *       *

Whatever marriage may have been in the past, it has now two distinct
phases which should be definitely understood by all people.

I. The business partnership.

II. The spiritual relation.




THE BUSINESS OF MARRIAGE

    _You are dealing with something far more precious than any plant--the
    priceless soul of a child.--Burbank._


The civic recognition of marriage does not take direct cognizance of the
Ideal, or love-phase, of this unilateral contract, although it assumes
that love is the motive of the union. The state takes it for granted that
the purpose of this union is to perpetuate the race, give to the state
citizens. The permanence of the marriage is supposed to be desirable,
because the physical support and welfare of wife and children rests with
the husband, unless he become insane, sick or criminal.

Then Charity gives the pauperizing support of a tyrant. Desirable citizens
are seldom evolved in "Institutions."

Occasionally, a mother is endowed with power to maintain her family alone;
but the instances are few.

In marriage the state obtains the promise of the contracting parties to
love, honor and cherish; to love, honor and obey, through sickness,
through health, until death.

However, the state is able to enforce but one portion of the promise, "to
cherish," which, being interpreted, means that the husband must contribute
a certain portion of his income to the woman, provided she has not broken
the letter of the law in one respect, and has not deserted nor flagrantly
quarreled with her husband. If she has been acquiescent, she is still to
be "cherished." This alimony, as such tax is sometimes termed, is required
whether the wife is mother or not, or is engaged in educating citizens or
not. It may be exacted--the letter of the law--although the intent of the
marriage may not have been fulfilled.

Tacitly, the state recognizes the desirability of love in marriage,
although it has no jurisdiction over it, and can not enforce the keeping
of this promise by husband or wife.

Loving or not loving is not within the control of mortals.

It is admitted now by men and women that the laws of all countries of the
world were made by men for men. They do not discriminate against women so
seriously and so unjustly as did Moses, but the civil laws give wife and
mother no chance for independence.

Until recently, the promise to obey has been enforced; also, the wife's
promise to be true to one man and none other. So we have had the prayer
which is international: "Make our women virtuous and our men brave," the
meaning of brave being, able to fight man and beast.

"Virtue" has been interpreted as being a negation, an indifference to all
but husband.

Nothing that can transpire in wedlock is considered not virtuous.

"Oh, Liberty! Liberty! What crimes are committed in thy name!"

Woman has found submission easier than to assert and obtain the human
right of independence in the control of her own mind and body.

"It is a hard world for girls," said Martin Luther, five hundred years
ago.

It is still a hard world for girls and women.

Nature is said to love the female more than the male, for she serves Her
more devotedly, and Nature has taken care that she shall.




PRIMITIVE BONDAGE

    _Woman pays the first cost on human life.--Schreiner._


When a woman feels the first grip of her child's dependence upon her, she
has forever lost her freedom. If the child dies, a grave shackles her soul
through life. If the child lives, the welfare of that child keeps
perpetually between her and the sun.

Before her babe is born, Nature has absorbed the mother's strength and
charm that Her one purpose may be accomplished. Man finds it easy to
neglect woman then. In fact, his honor, pride, fear and loyalty to a
principle, one or all, are his safeguard and the mentor that holds him to
duty when his wife is absorbed by motherhood.

Nature demands all from the mother. She takes possession and uses her so
that the woman has no will for the time. She is Nature's, body and soul,
"Used by an unseen Power for an unknown end."

Does a woman enter into this prison-house voluntarily?

Never.

Nature blindfolds and lures her into it.

Before civilization developed a hectic super-sentiment in woman, she lived
as do the animals. Naturally, motherhood was an incident in her life. Her
children early became independent, and she had a comfortable, healthy
indifference to their welfare after they were able to get a living.

All the time she was a mother she was economically free. She had had the
strength to take care of herself from childhood, and when her child came,
she was able to care for both.

The father of her baby made no demands upon her for service as cook,
housekeeper, laundress, valet, lover or friend. He took care of himself
wholly, and so did she. All they wanted was food and shelter.

But since man's needs are multiple, the demands upon male and female are
great.




NATURE'S METHOD

    _The more intimately we attach ourselves to Nature, the more she glows
    with beauty and returns us our affection.--Froebel._


Nature does not seem to have expected man to get more than a primitive
living. She has not changed Her methods at all.

Man has changed. He makes and directs machinery that earns for one man
what fifty men can earn; so that one man is fifty times richer than a
primitive man.

Nature uses no machinery.

It takes more than twenty years of the mother's time to develop one
citizen. There are no short cuts nor quick methods in woman's special
work.

The mother of a large family has given twenty-five of the best years of
her life to the work which none but her can do.

She has given to the state citizens.

This has cost her all her strength, all her time and the ambitions of a
quarter of a century.

As our present civilization is, she has given her economic independence,
her individual ambitions.

She pays dearly for the privilege of being mother to citizens. She is
dependent upon one man for the maintenance of both herself and her
children.

       *       *       *       *       *

The man, too, is blindfolded by Nature and is led where he knows not.

The desire to give all of his earnings to the development of citizens may
never have been his. He may not know nor care about the welfare and
perpetuation of the state.

But Nature has not bound him hand and foot to Her plans. When, or if, his
affection ceases for this woman who is dependent upon him for food,
shelter and clothing, he may use his own judgment about the woman's and
the children's needs. So long as they escape the attention of the Humane
Societies, the family is at his mercy. The woman and her work are
dependent upon him just the same.

Unwilling money buys poor food, clothing and teaching. It has evolved
bargain-days and cheap goods.




ECONOMIC FREEDOM

    _She considereth a field and buyeth it. With the fruit of her hands
    she planteth a vineyard.--Solomon._


The wisdom of stateswomen and of statesmen should evolve a sure
foundation-fund, whereby mothers shall have a solid financial basis for
doing woman's work.

Civilization has placed a ban upon motherhood. There is ever the stigma
upon it which Moses placed there. It is hard, cruelly hard, to be a mother
in the United States, this "land of the free."

We anathematize and practically kill a mother who has not conformed to our
laws, irrespective of what Nature has said about it. We take her child
from her, hide it, falsify about it, and then disown the mother if she
demands the inherent rights of a mother.

We talk about the glory of motherhood, but we do not act to the glory of
motherhood.

The business of marriage is to develop citizens. The financial part of
this partnership should receive the most careful attention of all people
who are to marry. They should realize that they are assuming
responsibilities great and unknown to them. They are leaving a simple life
to enter into one vastly more complex.

Woman is fast evolving a brain. And women are thinking. Brain, not
sentiment, will be the directing power under which women live. Wisdom and
judgment will guide them. They will not give the best in their lives to
the work of rearing children, without reasonable, business assurance of
funds with which to do their work.




CITIZENS

    _It is true that I am an alien.
    But my son--my son is Themistocles.--Euterpe._


A citizen is one who has evolved from a condition where he was content to
live alone, care for himself alone, into a state where he desires to live
with others, and is interested in the welfare of others.

Women were the first human beings to qualify as citizens.

Their care for their children early extended their interest beyond their
own welfare. From protecting and providing for her immediate family, the
mother's interests naturally extended first to all children and then to
all human beings who were in need of care.

Women are potential mothers, and so are inherent citizens.

Women are citizens by natural tendency.

Men are citizens by education.

The desire to co-operate is the natural desire of an evolving, sane
people. Supremely selfish people, who care not at all for others, are
either barbaric or insane.

A city was the result of the citizen instinct.

The mother's brain was evolved through her desire to benefit her children.
She then saw that what was good for her own was good for her neighbor's
family, and for all families. All manufactories, all industries, reforms
and civic improvements have originated in woman's brain, evolved because
of the mother-instinct of love.

From the city, human interest extended into the state, from the state into
the nation. From the limitation of belonging to a nation, we shall
sometime become citizens of the world.

A stateswoman or statesman is one who is intelligently active in work
that materially benefits the citizens of a state or nation.

The rights of citizenship naturally belong to all people who wish to and
can contribute to the welfare of their fellow-man.

Formerly statesmen were businessmen of experience and ability who had
prescience. They could see what was beneficial to their own interests, and
from this their interest expanded, and they saw what was good for the
well-being of many men. They were men, like Benjamin Franklin, who were
able to project themselves into the lives of others. They were the first
monists.

Statesmen had had experience--they had lived. They knew values, what
served and what was not desirable. They also knew that no one reaches any
goal alone. No man can progress much faster than the rest of his kind.

So the statesman was a representative man, but a pioneer in progress. His
avocation was to work for his kind. His vocation was his own business,
which he minded very carefully.

Appreciative people saw the benefit to others, and gave the statesman the
recognition of honors. This was all he desired or needed. He was not a
pauper, he was not submerged in financial difficulties. The oppressed can
not see beyond their own needs--are incapable of generous thoughts or wise
judgment.

Statesmen were and are strong, successful men. People want for a savior
one who can first save himself.

There came a time when statesmen, like lawyers, received pay for services
rendered.

And lo, politicians and grafters, plums and taxes!

Today, statesmen are few and are classed as politicians.

All political offices have a little twig of laurel tied to the door, but
the pay-envelope inside is generally what lures men to enter and abide.
"The laborer is worthy of his hire," they affirm. And he is, provided he
labors for the thing for which he was hired.

"The people" are willing to pay politicians for piecework, provided the
quality is right.

When we say, "Children are the greatest asset of the nation," everybody
nods assent to the sentiment, and many applaud.

"What we do with the children decides what they will do with the nation,"
we add, and there is never a dissenting look or voice.

We affirm that the greatest work the state can do is to develop citizens.
Perpetuity of the state is synonymous with perpetuity of the race. This is
supposed to be Nature's dearest desire--to perpetuate the race.

So it should be the dearest desire of statesmen, politicians, to
perpetuate the state, and the state is the aggregation of its citizens.

We are in a dense fog with regard to the value of citizens.

We say that man is all. This is lip-service.

Politicians are interested in acquiring and holding power, in war
appliances and armies. They give some assistance in the development and
care of vegetables, fruits, trees, and the flora in general. They are also
interested in the development of all domesticated animals, the
preservation of the birds, forests and natural parks, the protection of
the fish. They have game-laws which are wise and whose results are
beneficial.

And the state hires and pays people to take care of all these interests.
It also hires and pays people who see that the laws are respected which
have been made for the protection and perpetuity of flora and fauna.

But as yet, lawmakers, politicians, reformers, and influential citizens
have not made provision for the development of citizens, except as the
institution of the school system assists in this work.




ENFORCED DEPENDENCE

    _Thou givest man bread. Let my aim be to give man himself.--Froebel._


There was a time when women, like statesmen, were economically free. They
spun and wove, manufactured, planted, harvested, cooked. Land was cheap
and needs were few. The women gave a part of their time to the state in
rearing citizens, but they did not give all. They were self-supporting, in
great measure; therefore, self-respecting and capable.

But women lost their economic independence when industries were taken from
the home.

Farming, dairying, spinning, weaving, tailoring, laundering, baking,
dressmaking, millinery, building, carpentering, are all done on a big
scale, outside of the home, where the women, because they were mothers,
could not follow their industries.

Women are left with the dependent occupations of working for the state and
working for their husbands, for neither of which can they collect money.

Husbands' policy is: Where the treasury is, there will the wives' hearts
be also.

The welfare of the women who give their time--twenty-four hours of the
day, and for twenty-five or thirty years of their lives, their prime--for
the development of citizens has been left to chance.

The state has made no provision whereby potential citizens shall be
assured of the proper care.

The mother's time has been considered of no value, that is, her service is
not paid for in money.

If, in her youth, a woman married a man who was able to make money, she
might be assured of food, clothing and shelter for her children unless
or until Fortune frowned and the property was lost.

Any woman, whose husband dies, gives her time to the care of her children,
no matter how poorly equipped she may be to earn a living for them in the
world. She tries to do her own work, and besides that, what her husband
did--maintain the family.

The state has made no provision for the care of potential citizens whose
father has died, thereby cutting off the income which was once theirs.

We say that the purpose of the home is to develop children, that the home
is established for children.

The purpose of the school is to supplement the teaching of the home, and
this is to be re-enforced by the influence of the church. The office of
the state is to wisely protect the home and safeguard the interests of its
citizens. The government is the mentor of the citizens.

The theory is admitted that the business world is organized and operated
for the one purpose of maintaining the home and its adjuncts--school,
church and government. But the fact is, that, except for the taxes which
great business institutions pay, there are very few children taken care of
directly by big businesses.

The very rich have one, possibly two, rarely three children, and these,
instead of being developed for working citizens, often evolve into
ornaments, and sometimes become a nuisance and an expense to the state.

The mothers who give their time to the care of large families have no
regular incomes. Their husbands are poor, and contribute to the
development of citizens what they can, or will.

The people who are doing the most important work for the state, for whom
all business is operated (as tradition sayeth), have no capital, and are
carrying on their more or less great work by donations, given at the
discretion of the donor. They can not receive more than their husband's
income, and never have that amount.

No matter how efficient these women may be as mothers, there is no
recognition of this excellence, except by a few friends of the family.

Nothing has been done to make a large family popular. The trend of the
whole course of civilization has been and is to do anything but evolve
citizens.

Of course, women are supposed to be too spiritually minded to want
compensation in money for work done for love.

However, is any great work done that is not done for love of the work? No
one writes, paints, plays, builds, prints, binds books, models in leather
or clay, raises cattle, fruits, grains, but him who loves his work. There
is little response in any part of life, other than to love.

All workers accept the world's custom of using money as a medium of
exchange for their time and energy--all except mothers and wives. So much
service is given for so much money, and so much money for so much service.

Women are human beings, no more and no less than are men. They are just as
human as men. They love freedom, independence and justice.

There is no natural reason why they should not have public recognition for
work and development.

The custom of the world is to use money as a medium of exchange or as a
representation of wealth. Wealth is an accumulation of energy held in
reserve. People should be very careful to use this reserve advantageously.
They are very jealous of expending time and energy unless it counts in
wealth.

All people but mothers do this. This is why motherhood has become
unpopular and a burden. The mother is in economics a pauper, a dependent,
at the mercy or bounty of one man.

The first use of a home was to care for children, to protect them. Women
built the first houses and for this one purpose.

Modern houses are made for adults more than for children. They are places
of luxury. The thought of a nursery is seldom in the minds of the makers
of houses. The architect does not have for his recurring theme, "How will
this add to the development of citizens?"

Women are human beings. They are very much like men. They need
recognition.

Self-preservation is the first law. And women, like men, are selfish. They
often stifle the instincts of Nature in one direction that they may live
in the world as it is today.

Rapid travel, the opportunity to see and know what there is to be seen and
known, lures women just the same as it does men. Independence is just as
dear to women as it is to men.




HOMOGENEITY

    _What we request of life is that the tools should be given to his hand
    or hers who can handle them.--Schreiner._


Woman is a human being before she is a mother and all the time she is a
mother. And after her active work of motherhood is finished, she will
still be a human being, subject to all the ambitions, hopes, desires and
interests that humanity has.

Daughters have inherited tendencies from their fathers as well as from
their mothers, and all daughters have done this from prehistoric times to
the present. Sons have belonged to mothers as well as to fathers. The race
is one.

Women can not be limited in the expression of this great miracle of life
which stirs her soul, as it stirs man's.

Woman and man are awakening, brain and heart.

Woman must have freedom to work, to think, to find happiness, to express
herself. She must be accepted as a part of every part of this becoming
Democracy. She must be accepted in the world as it is today. She belongs,
not to the past, but to this present.

There is work that she alone can do, and to do this she must be
economically free.

The freedom of woman is the most important of all subjects that statesmen
and citizens can consider.

Pay mothers for the work they do for the state. Give them the opportunity
for economic freedom, that they may be self-respecting, and develop on
equal terms with men.

The great need of the world is for better women and men--an evolving race.

There is just one way: we must have evolving mothers.

Servile mothers have slave sons and stupid daughters, and sometimes
criminal children.

Women must be free to choose their occupations.

If they marry, they must recognize the business in marriage and enter into
the business partnership with true intelligence.

With no less intelligence must men understand that the contract in
marriage can not be unilateral and bring benefit or happiness to either
person, nor can the purpose of marriage be best accomplished.

Democracy in marriage is the Great Imperative. We would have a democratic
form of government? Democracy must begin at the foundation of all
government--the home.




ROMANCE

    _We are ministered unto by the moonbeams and the starlight as well as
    by the god of day._


Romance is the color and the perfume of life. It is that which gives charm
to living. Romance lures us to live. It called us into being, has bound us
to life, and does not desert us at its close.

Although Romance is the most intangible thing in the world, the moonshine
of living, it is the most real.

It is the will-o'-the-wisp that has led to all invasions, all discoveries,
all victories, all heroism, all inventions, all arts, all business, all
human endeavor. Without it there would be no marriage. The human race
would cease to be.

One of the myths in marriage is to assume that the Romance is all, or
will continue under all conditions.

Business belongs to the realm of fact and deals with tangible substances.
It has to do with the practical part of life. It gives us food, clothing,
shelter. It furnishes us great problems, exercise for body and mind. It is
a great factor in the evolution of man.

One of the myths in marriage is to assume that business and business
struggles do not enter into the lives of lovers. The fact is that business
occupies much of the time of every honest man and honest woman. It is
necessary to life. Without work, romance would cease, the human race would
die.

The ideal and the real are interdependent in all phases of human life.

In marriage there is a myth that the twain are one flesh. But the two are
two, just as surely as one and one make two, unless neither is worth
counting.

It might not be such folly for a woman to trust her happiness to a man,
if any man could make any woman happy. But happiness is within the power
of the individual alone. Nature intended it to be so.

If a woman were an incompetent, unable to earn or provide for herself, it
might be well to leave her finances wholly in the hands of her husband.

But women who have the right to give children to society are capable of
taking care of themselves and financing their personal interests.

Mothers should be thus capable.

In marriage we must recognize the individuality in the partnership, just
as we must the romance and the facts.

A helpless, dependent, undeveloped, sentimental woman is not an inspirer
of ideals. The man absorbed and involved in business is not an awakener or
reminder of the Perfect.

A little time is necessary for the appreciation of the beautiful, the
charming, the wonderful in life.

Leisure to think together and work together on things of mutual interest,
is necessary to marriage, or there can be little love.

When lovers are independently dependent upon each other, it is a wonderful
privilege to meet.

When lovers are economically free, as they were before marriage, there is
no asking of favors nor demanding rights.

When lovers are grateful for the privilege of being together, and meet
only when it is a joy to do so, love will abide.

And Romance, that lured them to life, and lighted their path to marriage,
will ever illumine the way, even unto death.

If a woman's desire is to seek ease and luxury, and find oblivion, let her
not marry, for that is not the easiest way thither. A woman has neither
natural nor moral right to involve others in her selfishness.

If a man wants adoration, comfort, indulgence, cheap service and ease,
let him not marry. He probably can get them all with more certainty and
with less expense without marrying. A man has neither natural nor moral
right to marry for these.

Men and women have not evolved far. "It doth not yet appear what we shall
be."

Higher ideals will lure humanity on and on to a higher state of
intelligence, and to better living, to a more refined and nobler justice
than we have yet imagined.

Men and women will not long be looking for ease, nor want to have what
they do not earn.

When love calls, they will respond with intelligence, knowing that this is
Nature's voice, and therefore divine. They will rejoice in the most
strenuous exercise of living.

Then with deep joy we can say at the close:

"To live is glorious. I have lived!"




  THE MYTH IN MARRIAGE
  WRITTEN BY ALICE HUBBARD
  TITLE-PAGE, INITIALS AND
  ORNAMENTS ESPECIALLY
  DESIGNED FOR THIS BOOK
  BY RAYMOND NOTT
  TYPOGRAPHY BY
  A. V. INGHAM

  [Illustration]

  PRINTED BY THE ROYCROFTERS
  AT THE ROYCROFT SHOPS
  EAST AURORA, NEW YORK
  MAY, MCMXII