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Our Little Turkish Cousin





THE Little Cousin Series

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    Each volume illustrated with six or more full page plates in
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LIST OF TITLES

    BY MARY HAZELTON WADE, MARY F.
    NIXON-ROULET, BLANCHE MCMANUS,
    CLARA V. WINLOW, FLORENCE E.
    MENDEL AND OTHERS

    Our Little African Cousin
    Our Little Alaskan Cousin
    Our Little Arabian Cousin
    Our Little Argentine Cousin
    Our Little Armenian Cousin
    Our Little Australian Cousin
    Our Little Austrian Cousin
    Our Little Belgian Cousin
    Our Little Bohemian Cousin
    Our Little Boer Cousin
    Our Little Brazilian Cousin
    Our Little Bulgarian Cousin
    Our Little Canadian Cousin
    Our Little Chinese Cousin
    Our Little Cossack Cousin
    Our Little Cuban Cousin
    Our Little Danish Cousin
    Our Little Dutch Cousin
    Our Little Egyptian Cousin
    Our Little English Cousin
    Our Little Eskimo Cousin
    Our Little French Cousin
    Our Little German Cousin
    Our Little Grecian Cousin
    Our Little Hawaiian Cousin
    Our Little Hindu Cousin
    Our Little Hungarian Cousin
    Our Little Indian Cousin
    Our Little Irish Cousin
    Our Little Italian Cousin
    Our Little Japanese Cousin
    Our Little Jewish Cousin
    Our Little Korean Cousin
    Our Little Malayan (Brown) Cousin
    Our Little Mexican Cousin
    Our Little Norwegian Cousin
    Our Little Panama Cousin
    Our Little Persian Cousin
    Our Little Philippine Cousin
    Our Little Polish Cousin
    Our Little Porto Rican Cousin
    Our Little Portuguese Cousin
    Our Little Russian Cousin
    Our Little Scotch Cousin
    Our Little Servian Cousin
    Our Little Siamese Cousin
    Our Little Spanish Cousin
    Our Little Swedish Cousin
    Our Little Swiss Cousin
    Our Little Turkish Cousin

    THE PAGE COMPANY
    53 Beacon Street,     Boston, Mass.

[Illustration: OSMAN.]





Our Little Turkish Cousin

By Mary Hazelton Wade

_Illustrated by_ L. J. Bridgman

[Illustration]


    Boston
    THE PAGE COMPANY
    _PUBLISHERS_




    _Copyright, 1904_
    BY L. C. PAGE & COMPANY
    (INCORPORATED)

    _All rights reserved_

    Published June, 1904

    Fourth Impression, July, 1908
    Fifth Impression, March, 1910
    Sixth Impression, November, 1912
    Seventh Impression, October, 1917




Preface


IN Europe and Asia there are two countries separated from each other by
a narrow strip of water. One of these is spoken of as Turkey in Europe,
and the other as Turkey in Asia. They are held together under one ruler
called the Sultan. He has absolute power over his people, and can do
with them as he likes. One word from his lips is enough to cause the
death of any of his subjects. None dare to disobey him.

It is because his rule is not the best and wisest, and also because his
kingdom is always in danger from the countries around it, that the
Sultan is often spoken of as "The Sick Man of Europe."

Our little Turkish cousin lives in the city of Constantinople, not far
from the Sultan's palace. He does not understand why some of his people
live in wealth and luxury, while so many others spend their lives in
begging for the food and clothing they must have. He has no thought but
that the Sultan of Turkey is as great and noble as the ruler of any
other land.

The child is brought up to love ease and comfort, the daintiest food and
the richest clothing. He feels sorry for the poor and the homeless, but
he does not know how to truly help them. He hears little about other
countries where every one is free and can claim just treatment as his
right. But as he grows older he may, perhaps, think for himself, and do
some noble deed to save his country and make his people better and
happier.

Let us open the doors of our hearts to him, and let him feel our love
and sympathy.




Contents


    CHAPTER                         PAGE
       I. OSMAN                        1
      II. SCHOOL                      12
     III. THE FIRE                    22
      IV. THE PICNIC                  33
       V. GIPSIES                     54
      VI. A TURKISH BATH              67
     VII. THE WEDDING                 85
    VIII. THE CHILDREN'S CARNIVAL     92
      IX. THE TWO FRIENDS            101




List of Illustrations


                                                 PAGE
    OSMAN                                   _Frontispiece_
    OSMAN AND HIS MOTHER                          17
    "IT LOOKED ALMOST LIKE A FAIRY CITY"          39
    "'SHE TOLD ME HE WOULD BE MY HUSBAND'"        58
    "THROUGH THE CROWD OF BUSY PEOPLE"            75
    "THEY CAME IN SIGHT OF THE MOSQUE AT LAST"    96




Our Little Turkish Cousin




CHAPTER I.

OSMAN


OF course Osman cannot remember his first birthday. He is a big boy now,
with brown eyes and soft, dark hair. Ten years have rolled over his head
since he lay in the little cradle by the side of his mother's grand
bedstead.

He made an odd picture,--this tiny baby in cotton shirt and quilted
dressing-gown. His head was encased in a cap of red silk. A tassel of
seed-pearls hung down at one side. Several charms were fastened to the
tassel. His mother thought they would keep harm and danger away from
this precious baby boy.

He could not have felt very comfortable. His nurse had straightened out
his arms and legs, and bound them tightly with bandages. After dressing
him, she placed him in his little bed and covered him with several
quilted wrappers. Last of all, a thin, red veil was spread over this
little Turkish baby.

Do you think he could have enjoyed himself very much? I don't.

He was ready for visitors now. First of all, the proud and delighted
father must come in to see his child. A boy, too! The grave man was
doubly pleased when he thought of this. As he looked for the first time
upon the tiny form done up in so many wrappers, he could hardly tell
whether the boy was big or little, fat or thin.

He bent down over the cradle and lifted the child into his own strong
arms. Holding him tenderly, he carried him from the room. He stopped
just outside the door. There he stood for a few moments while he
repeated a short prayer and whispered the name "Osman" three times in
the baby's ear.

This was the only christening the Turkish boy would ever receive. Osman
would be his name for the rest of his life; and a fine name it was, his
mother and friends all agreed.

When the baby was three days old, there was a grand celebration at his
home.

Certain old women, called "bringers of tidings," went from one house to
another where the lady friends of Osman's mother had their homes.
Wherever they stopped, these old women left bottles of sherbet made of
sugar-candy, spices, and water. As they presented the sherbet, they told
of the good news about the new baby, of the name his father had given
him, and of the feast to be held at Osman's home.

"Do come, do come. You will surely be welcome. You will be glad to see
the child and rejoice with his mother."

In this way the invitations were given; and so it happened that many
ladies found their way to Osman's house on the day named. No special
hour was set for their visit. But, from morning till night, people were
coming and going.

It was easy enough for passers-by to know something of interest was
taking place inside. They could hear the band of music playing lively
airs as the ladies drove up to the door and entered the house.

All the visitors wore long cloaks, with veils over their faces, hiding
everything except their soft, dark eyes. For it is still the fashion in
Turkey that no lady shall be seen away from her home with her face
uncovered.

Very few of these visitors came alone. They were attended by their
slaves and servants, laden with baskets. These baskets were very pretty.
They were trimmed with flowers and ribbons, and filled with all sorts of
delicious sweets.

Of course they were presents for the new baby's mother. She lay in her
grand state bed, smiling softly as the ladies came up, one by one, to
greet her. Before they entered her chamber, they took off their veils
and cloaks in an outside room.

"Mashallah! May the child live long and be happy," said the visitors, as
they bent over the young mother. At each kind wish, she kissed the hands
of the speaker. This was her way of thanking them. Strange to say, the
ladies seemed hardly to notice the baby himself, in whose honour they
had come to the house.

Do not think for a moment they had forgotten the tiny bundle done up in
quilted cotton. No, indeed. But the anxious mother believed some bad
fortune might come to Osman if he were examined too closely. She would
worry if her friends should fondle the child or pay him much attention.

This is the reason most of them pretended not to see him. A few,
however, were so curious they could not resist stopping for a moment at
the cradle. But, instead of saying, "Oh, the darling little fellow!" or,
"What a bright-looking child!" or other kind words, they exclaimed, "The
ugly little creature!" "What stupid eyes he has!" or some such
unpleasant thing.

Would you believe it? Osman's mother seemed really pleased as she
listened. She said to herself, "Well, if they praised my child, I should
think they were trying to hide some bad wish. That very wish would bring
an accident to my darling, sooner or later. No, I like best to hear
them speak as they do. I know they do not mean what they say."

The visitors were in no hurry to leave Osman's home. They made
themselves comfortable on the soft couches. They laughed and chatted
together while they ate ices and rich cakes, and sipped coffee or
sherbet.

The refreshments were of many kinds, for the baby's father was rich and
held a high office under the Sultan, as the ruler of Turkey is called.

If Osman had been born in a poor family, his parents would have had a
celebration just the same. The feast would not have been as rich, but
coffee and fruits would have been served, at any rate, and the visitors
would probably have enjoyed themselves just as much.

When Osman was eight days old, there was another great ceremony at his
house. He received a bath. The ladies who were invited could join in
the bath if they liked, as well as his mother. There would be music and
refreshments and a general good time.

The baby was bathed first. His mother's turn came next.

A Turkish bath is not like that of other people, as perhaps you have
heard. A long time is spent before it is finished. On this great day in
Osman's life, it was even longer than usual. Many songs were sung, and
the visitors stopped several times to eat refreshments.

All this sounds odd to us, but the rich ladies of Turkey have little to
do except to ride and make calls, bathe in their own homes or at the
public bath-houses, meet together for picnics or some entertainment.

Osman grew so fast it seemed to his mother only a short time before he
was able to toddle about without the help of his nurse. The carpets were
soft and thick, so he did not get hurt even if he fell. The beautiful
colours of the carpets amused his baby eyes.

He was awake every morning soon after sunrise, but this did not trouble
his parents. They were early risers, too. The boy's father liked to have
plenty of time for sipping coffee and smoking his pipe before leaving
home for the day.

There was no such thing as breakfast. The family ate only two real meals
in the whole day. But the early morning was a pleasant time. There was
no jumping up from the table after a hasty meal. There was no rushing
for the train after a hurried kiss and goodbye to wife and baby. Oh, no,
none of these things are done in Turkey.

Osman's father dressed himself in a comfortable, loose gown, and seated
himself cross-legged on a rug. He clapped his hands and a slave appeared
with the steaming coffee, which was placed on a low stand near by. Then
the baby's mother poured out the coffee and, handing it to her husband,
sat down on a cushion at his feet.

Osman, still in his nightclothes, toddled about, nibbling a sweet-cake.

The slave who had brought the coffee was now busy in tidying the room.
First of all, mattresses and wadded coverlets must be stowed away in a
cupboard. There was no bedstead. Such a clumsy piece of furniture had
been used in the house but once. That was when the young mother lay in
state to receive her friends when Osman was born.

Would you believe it! the baby's mother was still wearing her wadded
night-dress. She often kept it on for hours after she got up in the
morning.

"It is so comfortable," she thought. "Why should I hurry to dress myself
for the day?"

After the coffee, the father took his pipe and lighted it with a tiny
piece of charcoal. Now for a comfortable smoke. As he puffed away at his
pipe, the room was quiet except for little Osman's prattle. He was
trying to tell his father and mother about his play-things.

After a while the sober Turk laid down his pipe, and said, "It is time
for business."

The dressing-gown was taken off, and street clothes were put on. What a
grand-looking gentleman he was now, with his long beard hanging over his
snow-white shirt-front, his embroidered vest, and wide, loose trousers.

He lifted Osman up for a kiss, and, with a deep bow to his wife, he left
home for the day.




CHAPTER II.

SCHOOL


"MAMMA, mamma, I am so glad it has come at last!" said little Osman,
early one bright spring morning.

"Yes, yes, my darling," answered his mother. "It is a good time; I am
glad, too."

What made Osman wake up sooner than usual this morning? What caused his
eyes to look so bright? Why was the nurse taking such pains with his
hair and dress?

He was going to school for the first time in his life. His sixth
birthday had come and gone, and his father had said:

"It is time for my little boy to do something besides play. He must
learn to read our good books, and understand the use of numbers."

The important day was set and the teacher was told about the new pupil.
Word was also sent to the priest.

Osman's father spent some time in choosing a pony on which his boy
should first ride to school. At last he decided on one of an iron-gray
colour and very handsome.

"What beautiful trappings!" exclaimed Osman, when the pony arrived at
the door. "Oh, you dear, kind father to get them!"

Any boy would be pleased to ride on a pony decked out in such a gay
manner.

The pony had no sooner arrived than the whole school appeared at the
door. The children were dressed in their best clothes to do honour to
the new pupil.

The priest took his place in front of the young company. They instantly
bent low while he made a short prayer. After this, Osman was lifted to
the back of the pony, the other children formed in double line, and the
procession started out for the school.

But it did not move quietly. Hymn after hymn was sung by the little ones
in strong, clear voices as they went along.

The grown-ups whom they passed smiled and said to themselves, "A child
is on his way to school for the first time. It is a glad day. May he
grow wise and be happy."

What an odd-looking schoolroom it was that Osman soon entered; neither
seats nor desks could be seen. Three divans, as the big, soft Turkish
couches are called, stood along the wall. The children squatted
cross-legged on these, side by side.

After they had taken their places, the teacher sat down in front of his
little class and began to hear their lessons.

Each child had by this time opened his book and begun to recite. Not
one of them at a time. Oh, no, indeed! They spoke together in high,
sharp voices. How could the schoolmaster understand what they said?

He did not seem to have any trouble, however, and kept the children
busy. They read from the Koran, which is the sacred book of their
people, they recited numbers, and they wrote.

You remember they had no desks. The poor little things had to hold their
copy-books in their laps, and it was tiresome work. Their pens were made
of reeds, and sponges took the place of ink-wells.

Before the children were dismissed, the master told them a story which
interested Osman very much.

[Illustration: OSMAN AND HIS MOTHER.]

"I will repeat it to my mother," he said to himself. "The story teaches
us not to seem surprised, no matter what may happen. My father has
spoken of this very thing. It is not polite to be astonished. That is
what he has often said."

As the little boy rode homeward, he saw a man sitting cross-legged at
the street corner. Two veiled women stood in front of him. They were
eagerly watching the man as he wrote. From time to time he stopped as
one of the women told him something more she wished him to put into the
letter.

"He is a street scribe," thought Osman. "They will pay him for that
letter. They do not know how to write. That is why they get him to do
it. How quickly he makes the letters, and how easily he holds his pen. I
hope it won't be long before I can write as well as he does."

Such a scribe is often seen in the streets of Constantinople, the city
where Osman lives. There are many people there who can neither read nor
write. Fine ladies are not ashamed to stop at a scribe's little stand
and ask him to write letters for them, as these people were doing.

Osman's school was only a short distance from home, and he was soon at
his own gate. The moment he arrived, the door was opened by an old black
slave, who had been watching for the darling of the house.

"I'd like to stop and tell you what I've been doing this morning, but I
can't now," said Osman. "I must tell mother first."

The little boy ran up the stairs to his mother's rooms. In another
moment he was seated on a divan beside her and talking faster than one
often hears among the quiet people of his country.

Lunch was soon brought, and, you may be sure, the little boy was ready
for it. There was a dish of pilaf, of course. It was made of nicely
cooked rice and butter, and was delicious. Then there was a juicy melon,
and fresh figs, besides cakes sweetened with honey, candy, and many
other nice things.

Osman's mother is as fond of sweet things as her little boy, and she is
ready to eat them at any time. The lunch was served at an odd little
table. Indeed, it could hardly be called a table,--it was a small, low
stand, about eight inches above the floor. The dishes were brought in
one at a time, and placed on the stand.

Osman and his mother ate the pilaf with their fingers, from the same
dish. But they did not hurry. The grains of rice were picked up so
daintily with their finger-tips, they were hardly soiled by the touch of
the food.

"We will wash now," Osman's mother said, as the lunch was finished. A
queer basin was at once brought by a servant, and held in front of the
lady. In the middle of the basin was a little stand holding a cake of
soap, while underneath was a sort of well. This was to receive the
water as it left the basin. As Osman's mother held out her hands, one
servant slowly poured the water over them, while another held an
embroidered towel ready for her use.

It was Osman's turn next. No matter how much he wished to hurry out to
play, he must not rise from his cushion till his hands were bathed.

"Wash before eating and afterward," is a law of the Koran. Osman thinks
it would be as wicked to break this rule as to tell a wrong story, or
take anything belonging to another.

As soon as the hand-washing was over, the little boy started for the
courtyard to watch his tame pigeons and play with his friend Selim.

Osman's house is divided into two parts. His father's rooms are
down-stairs. A separate door leads into them from the street. No woman
ever enters these rooms. Even the servants who take care of them are
men. The boy's father receives his gentlemen friends in this part of the
house. It is here that he talks over business with his visitors.
Sometimes he holds dinner-parties in these rooms, but they are only for
men. He even has a separate courtyard and garden. Osman may come here if
he likes, but the real home of the family is up-stairs in his mother's
rooms.

This part of the house is very beautiful. Rich curtains hang in the
doorways. Soft and heavy rugs are placed here and there on the floors.
Divans with soft cushions stretch along the sides of the walls, under
the latticed windows.

Yes, every window is covered with lattice-work, so that no one passing
along the street below can see the faces of the persons within these
upper rooms.

This is the fashion of the country. Poor women of Turkey! They seem to
us almost like prisoners, but they have been brought up to think of
their life as the most natural and best in the world. They may go
outdoors whenever they like, so long as a veil is worn over the face.
But no man, unless he is a very near relative, must enter the part of
the house where the women and children have their home.




CHAPTER III.

THE FIRE


"LISTEN, listen, Osman. What is all the noise about?" exclaimed Selim.
It was toward the end of the afternoon, and both boys were growing tired
of play.

"It's a fire. Don't you see the police? They are hurrying along with
pails of water on their heads. Then, look quickly down the street! Smoke
is coming out of that building. Let's ask nurse to go with us."

In another moment Osman had run into the house and out again, with old
black Fatima trotting after as fast as she could move. She hurriedly
pulled her veil over her face. Then, taking each boy by the hand, she
led them through the gate, and joined the crowd of people who were
going in the direction of the fire.

Everybody looked gay and happy. Why shouldn't they have a good time? The
fire did not happen through any fault of theirs. It would be a grand
sight, and the onlookers might as well enjoy it.

There were no fire-engines in the city. The policemen brought pails of
water, but these did little good.

And now, not only columns of smoke are bursting through the windows and
doorways, but flames are leaping and dancing along the openings. See!
Those who are still inside the burning house are throwing out cushions
and mats, curtains and pillows, into the street. Such furnishings can be
saved, even if the building is destroyed.

The watching crowd seize these articles and at once make themselves
comfortable. A number of women sit down on a pile of soft rugs and
prepare to enjoy the show, as if they were at the theatre. Not far off
is a group of men, who stand chatting and smoking. The balconies of
neighbouring houses are filled with gazing crowds.

The street peddlers soon begin to arrive. They bring trays of
sweetmeats, sherbets, and other good things. As they elbow their way
through the crowd, they act as though the fire had been started on
purpose to give them a chance to sell their goods.

Still the fire rages; the timbers creak; the walls begin to totter; the
roof gives way, and falls inward with a crash. In a few moments more,
only a heap of charred wood is left in the place of a fine house.

It might have been saved if firemen could have been here with their
engines. But they are unknown, as yet, in this great city of the Turks,
where many buildings are destroyed by fire every year.

"Come, come, children," said Fatima, "it is late. The shadows are
beginning to fall. Osman, your father is surely home by this time and
will wonder where you are."

While the old woman hurried the boys along, they ate fig-paste they had
bought of a peddler.

No doubt you, children of other lands, have eaten fig paste, too. But
perhaps you have never thought of the people who invented it. It is a
Turkish sweetmeat, and Osman thinks it is delicious when freshly made by
a candy merchant in his city.

"The fire has waked up every dog in this quarter," said Fatima,
fretfully, as she hurried the children along. She was right in saying
so, for "Bow-wow-wow, bow-wow-wow," could be heard in every direction.
Even as she spoke, the old nurse stumbled against a big dog that was
rushing past her and barking furiously.

"Hurry up, old fellow! Catch him, catch him!" cried Osman, turning
around to watch. "Fatima, don't you see what is the matter? He is
driving a strange dog out of the street. I hope he will succeed."

Just as Osman spoke, a half-dozen other dogs came tearing along, eager
to join in the chase. There was small chance for the stranger, who was
now running with all his might. His tongue was hanging from his mouth,
and his tail was thrashing from side to side between his legs.

Poor homeless dogs of Constantinople! There are thousands of them. Yes,
it is the very truth. There are scores of thousands of them.

Those big, gaunt, yellow creatures live in the streets and byways, under
the door-steps and in the graveyards. They feed on the garbage thrown
out from the kitchens, but sometimes get a little choicer food through
the kindness of the people.

"Kill a dog without real need of doing so! No, no," Osman's father would
say, very solemnly. "It is the law of our religion that we should kill
nothing living if we can possibly help it. Let the dogs live.

"Besides, they are useful creatures. They keep our streets clean of all
decaying matter. By doing this, fevers and many other kinds of illness
are prevented. The poor animals are a real blessing."

"I know where there are some new-born puppies," said Selim, as he was
leaving Osman for the night.

"Where? Let's go and see them now. Is it near here?" cried his little
friend.

"Yes, it's only a few steps."

"No, no, children," broke in Fatima, "you ought to be in your own homes
this very moment. Wait till morning, and I will go with you before
school-time."

"Are their eyes open yet? Does their mother seem fond of them? How many
are there?" asked Osman.

But Fatima did not give Selim a chance to answer. She had already rung
the bell at the door of his house, and a servant had appeared to take
charge of him.

So, without stopping for anything except a kind wish to Selim for his
peace and happiness, she led her own little charge home. His father had
reached there before him, and was all ready to talk over the day's
doings with his only child.

As the Turk sat smoking that evening, Osman described the fire he had
seen, and told of the hunted dog he had met on the way home.

"He ought to have known better than to come into a strange quarter,"
said the boy. "It was all he could expect. Any dog that remains at home
is not troubled by the others. I love the creatures; don't you, papa?
They are gentle and quiet and clever."

"Yes, Osman, the city would not seem like home without our yellow-haired
dogs. Before you were born, however, the Sultan thought it would be wise
to clear our streets of them. Great numbers were taken to an island near
the coast."

"Did they die there from want of food, papa?"

"Oh, no. They were too wise to stay there and starve. They all swam back
to the city. Our people were so pleased, the dogs have never been
troubled since then."

"I love the dogs because they are not only gentle, but they do not
forget a kindness. They are grateful creatures," said Osman's mother. "I
have a friend who told me the story of an English lady living here in
our city. She had a small terrier she had brought back with her after a
visit to England.

"I suppose, Osman, you know that our dogs are always ready to attack one
of a different breed?"

"Yes, mamma."

"Well, it happened one day that this little terrier escaped from his
home and got out into the street among the dogs of the city."

"Did they kill him?"

"No, indeed. But they had a reason for being friendly to him. The
English lady and her family had always been kind to them, and had often
fed them. Not only this, but she had seen that pans of water were placed
in the street on hot days, so the dogs should not suffer from thirst.
They were grateful to her, and seemed to feel that her pet terrier was
also a friend.

"After this, the lady allowed her dog to play with the others as much as
he liked. He was always well treated. But he did not have sense enough
to keep in his own street One day he wandered off into another quarter,
and he was instantly attacked. His dog friends heard the noise and
rushed after him. When they got to him, he was surrounded on all sides
by his enemies.

"It would have gone hard with him, if one brave friend had not seized
him by the neck and rushed home with him. He did not stop till he
reached the lady's house, where he dropped the terrier on the door-step.

"Even then, he and his comrades did not go away. There they waited till
the owner appeared, when they tried to explain, as well as poor doggies
can, what had happened."

"What noble fellows they were," said Osman, when his mother had finished
the story. "I shall love them more than ever." Then the little boy went
on to tell of the family of puppies Selim had discovered.

"I will go to see them early to-morrow morning, and will carry some food
to the mother," he said. "I love puppies. They are beautiful little
things, and their hair is as soft as silk."

Osman loved pets as much as any other boy in the wide world, and he was
always ready to take a family of puppies into his heart. His parents
taught him, however, that it was not good to handle them. "The dog is an
unclean animal," said the boy's father. "Be kind to him and love him,
but touch him as little as possible."




CHAPTER IV.

THE PICNIC


IT was a beautiful summer day. The sun was shining brightly on the
glossy leaves of the olive-trees in Osman's garden, and the plants were
loaded with blossoms.

Osman had just picked a bunch of flowers when he heard his mother's
voice.

"How would you like a day by the Sweet Waters of Europe, my child?"

The little boy looked in the direction of the voice. His mother was
moving slowly down the garden path.

"That would be lovely, mamma, but can't Selim go with us?"

"Certainly, and I have sent word to some of my friends to join us, too.
We will have a merry time. I am tired of the house, and I long for a row
on the beautiful river. Let Fatima go for Selim, and make yourself ready
at once."

The little boy's mother was already dressed for the excursion. So, while
the servants were preparing the lunch and Osman was getting ready, she
sat down on a cushion under the trees and idly waited.

She was richly clad in a pink silk mantle with wide sleeves and deep
cape. It was so long it reached down to her ankles.

A small, bright-coloured cap, trimmed with pearls, was fitted closely to
her head. The thin muslin veil, fastened to this cap, was brought around
her face so no part of it could be seen except her soft, kind eyes.

She did not have long to wait before her friends and Selim arrived to
join in the day's outing. The slaves, with wraps and carpets, were also
ready, and, at a sign from their mistress, the party started out.

How queerly the ladies walked! They waddled along in a clumsy fashion
with their skirts tucked up under their mantles and around their waists.
They looked like shapeless bundles moving along in loose trousers and
clumsy overshoes.

It was only a few steps to the waterside, where boats were waiting for
them. The boatmen first helped the ladies to get in and seat themselves
on soft cushions; next came the two boys, and, last of all, the
servants.

When every one was comfortably settled, and umbrellas had been raised
over the ladies' heads to protect them from the strong sunlight, the men
bent to their oars and they were off.

The boats were light and very graceful. They were of a kind the Turks
call kaiks. They sped onward through the water as the men gave long,
strong pulls at the oars.

On and on they went, now rapidly as the river widened; again, they moved
more slowly as they entered a narrow stretch of water, almost filled
with the boats of other pleasure-seekers.

Sometimes they were obliged to pass under a little wooden bridge. Then
it was fun for Osman and Selim to reach up and see if they could touch
the floor of the bridge before they left it behind them.

Pretty houses stood here and there on the banks of the river, or groves
of trees that seemed to say, "Stop here and rest awhile. I will give you
shade and comfort."

But still the rowers kept on, as though their arms would never get
tired. They did not speak, these sober-faced men. Each wore a red fez on
his head, which made him look hot and uncomfortable in the strong
sunshine.

There was a time when all Turks wore soft turbans, which are the best
and most comfortable covering for the head. But times are changed now.
The great Sultan likes the fez best, and the turban is seen more and
more seldom as the years pass by.

At last the party reached a spot where Osman's mother decided to stop.
It was a favourite picnic-ground for the people of Constantinople. A
pretty grove of trees was growing close to the shore, while, near by,
tiny coffee-houses stood here and there in the meadows.

"I hear sweet music," said Osman. "Listen, mamma."

"Yes, it is a wandering player. After we get settled, we will pay him to
play for us," answered his mother.

The ladies made themselves comfortable on the rugs their servants spread
under the trees. The children wandered about as they liked.

[Illustration: "IT LOOKED ALMOST LIKE A FAIRY CITY."]

"Sweet Waters of Europe" is a good name for this part of the river. It
was a pleasant place, and everything about them looked fresh and
inviting.

"Osman, let's see what that man is showing," cried Selim, after the boys
had listened to some music and eaten the ices they had bought at a
stand.

The children joined a crowd of people gathering around a showman.

It was a puppet-show, something like the Punch and Judy one sees in
England and America. But the funny little figures acted out a very
different play. It must have been amusing, for every one laughed
heartily.

Before the day was over other showmen came along, each with a different
exhibition of his own. Then there were men who performed tricks, and
others who had candies and dainties to sell.

As for the ladies, you must not think they sat quietly on their mats all
day long. Oh, no indeed! They laughed and romped, they sang and
danced, they ate candies and cakes as freely as the children themselves.
The serious ways of the city were quite forgotten.

But at last the shadows of evening began to fall.

"Come, come, we must start for home," cried Osman's mother. "I must
certainly be home by sunset to greet my husband."

They made haste to start, and in a few minutes they had taken their
places in the boats and were moving back toward the great city.

As it came into view once more, it looked almost like a fairy city. The
soft light of the late afternoon bathed the tall spires and minarets,
which reached up toward the sky like long, slender needles.

Here and there were grand buildings of white marble, while the whole
place was dotted with groves of dark cypress-trees.

Yes, it looked very, very beautiful, but when the boats were left
behind, and the narrow, dirty streets were reached again, it did not
seem possible it could be the same place the party had seen from the
water.

There was no likeness to fairy-land now. The hungry dogs, the ragged
beggars, the tumble-down houses in the very midst of the fine buildings,
make the stranger feel sad.

But Osman is so used to these sights, they do not trouble him. This
city, the greatest one of his people, always seems grand and beautiful
to him.

On the evening after the picnic, Osman's mother said to her husband, "I
have invited a party of my friends to lunch with me to-morrow."

The Turks do little visiting after sunset. The ladies often spend the
day with each other, but are seldom away from home at dinner-time.

The next morning, after their master had gone away for the day, and
Osman had started for school, the servants began to make ready for the
party.

As soon as the first guest arrived, a pair of shoes belonging to Osman's
mother was placed outside the door of her room. If her husband should
happen to come home during the day, he would see these shoes. He would
know by this sign that his wife had lady visitors. It would not be
polite for him to enter her rooms during their stay in the house.

The lunch-hour soon came. The hostess led her friends into the
dining-room. They seated themselves on the soft cushions placed by the
servants around the low stand.

There was a spoon, and also a piece of bread, at each lady's place. On
the centre of the stand was a leather pad on which hot dishes would be
set as they were brought in. But when the ladies sat down there was no
food to be seen, except the pieces of bread, some saucers containing
olives, bits of cucumber, melons, and radishes.

And now the slaves moved from one guest to another, bringing a basin of
water and towels. Each one must bathe her hands before eating, as well
as afterward, whether alone or in the grandest company.

It was a pleasure to watch them. As the stream of clear water fell
slowly into the basin, each one rubbed her fingers gracefully and
daintily, and then dried them on the fine linen towel held out by the
watchful servant.

When this had been done by every one, Osman's mother clapped her hands,
and a tureen of thick, creamy soup was brought in and set on the leather
pad.

The hostess politely waved her hand toward her principal guest. She was
inviting her to be the first one to dip her spoon into the soup. After
this, the other ladies joined in, all eating together from the same
dish.

After a few mouthfuls, the hostess made a sign to the slave to remove
the soup and bring in another dish. Before the meal was over there would
be sixteen courses, at least, and, therefore, it would not be well to
eat much of any one of them.

The guests ate a little of every course. But, between the courses, they
nibbled at the olives, cucumbers, and different sweetmeats.

More than once, Osman's mother broke off a choice bit of food with her
fingers, and held it up to the mouth of one of her friends. It was a
very polite attention, and her visitor was pleased.

"How rude some people in the world are about eating," said one of the
ladies. "They use the most clumsy things in their hands. They call them
knives and forks. And besides, I have heard they do not wash before and
after each meal. Ugh! It makes me shiver to think of their unclean
ways."

"Yes, they are certainly not neat, and they are very awkward, if all I
have heard about them be true," said another visitor. "They should study
the ways of our people."

At last the luncheon was ended. The hostess led the way into the
drawing-room, where coffee was now served.

They were having a merry time, laughing and chatting, when Osman entered
the room. His face showed he had something he wished to tell. Making a
low bow to the ladies, he turned to his mother and said:

"Oh, mamma, I just saw a cat fall ever so far. She was on the roof of
that old building behind our house. She fell down, down to the ground.
And, mamma, I thought she would be killed. But she came down softly on
her feet and ran off as if she hadn't been hurt the least bit. How is
it that a cat can do such a thing? No other animal is like her, I'm
sure."

His mother laughed, and turned to one of her friends. "Won't you tell my
little boy the story of Mohammed and the cat?" she asked. "We should all
be pleased to listen, and perhaps there are some here who do not know
it."

The rest of the company nodded their heads. "Yes, do tell it," said one
after another.

"Very well, little Osman," said the lady whom the boy's mother had
asked. "You shall have the story. I trust you will remember it whenever
you think of the Holy Prophet.

"Mohammed once travelled a long, long distance over the desert. He
became very tired, and at last he stopped to rest. As he did so, he fell
fast asleep.

"Then, sad am I to tell it, a wicked serpent glided out from among the
rocks and drew near the Prophet. It was about to bite him, when a cat
happened to come along. She saw the serpent and what it was about to do;
she rushed upon it and struggled and fought. The serpent defended itself
with all its strength and cunning, too. Great was the battle. But the
cat killed the snake.

"As it was dying, the wicked creature hissed so horribly that the noise
awakened Mohammed, and he saw at once that the cat had saved his life.

"'Come here,' he said. As the cat obeyed him, the holy man stroked her
lovingly three times. Three times he blessed her, saying these words:

"'May peace be yours, O cat. I will reward you for your kindness to me
this day. No enemy shall conquer thee. No creature that lives shall ever
be able to throw thee on thy back. Thou art indeed thrice blessed.'"

"And is this the reason a cat always falls on her feet?" asked Osman.

"Even so, my little friend. Perhaps after this story you will feel more
loving toward those soft-footed creatures," said the lady.

Osman made a low bow and thanked her for her kindness in telling the
story. He was about to leave the room when another of the visitors
reached out her hand and softly patted his shoulder.

"Sit down beside me, my child. I have a story to tell the company. Stay
and hear it, if your dear mother is willing."

"May I, mamma?" he asked.

"Certainly, Osman, if you are good and quiet."

The little boy at once settled himself beside the lady who had asked him
to stay. This is the story he heard.


THE WOOD-CUTTER AND FORTUNE

Once upon a time there was a wood-cutter who lived in the forest with
his wife and two children. He was very poor. Day after day, and year
after year, he went out into the midst of the wood and worked hard
chopping down the trees and cutting them up for fire-wood.

After he had cut all the logs he could fasten upon the backs of his two
mules, he went with them to the nearest town and sold his wood.

As each year came to an end, the poor wood-cutter was no richer than he
was at the beginning. When twenty such years had passed by, he began to
feel quite hopeless.

"What is the use of working so hard?" he said. "Perhaps if I stay in bed
from morning until night, Fortune will take pity on me. I will try it,
at any rate."

The next morning, therefore, the wood-cutter stayed in bed, as he had
promised himself he would do. When his wife found he did not get up,
she went to wake him.

"Come, come," she cried, "the cock crowed long since. You are late."

"Late for what?" asked her husband.

"Late for your work in the forest, to be sure."

"What is the use? I should only gain enough to keep us for one day."

"But, my dear husband, we must take what Fortune gives us. She has never
been very kind to us, I must admit."

"I am tired and sick of the way she has treated us. If she wishes to
find me now, she must come here. I will not go to the wood to seek her
any more."

When she heard these words, the woodcutter's wife began to weep
bitterly. She thought of the empty cupboard. She was afraid of hunger
and cold.

Neither his wife's pleadings nor her tears had any effect on the
wood-cutter. He would not rise from the bed. In a little while a man
came to the door of the cottage, and said:

"Friend Wood-cutter, will you help me with your mules? I have a load to
move."

But the wood-cutter would not get up. "I have made a vow to stay in my
bed, and here I shall stay," he answered.

"Then, will you let me take your mules?" asked the neighbour.

"Certainly, help yourself," said the wood-cutter.

The neighbour took the mules and went away. It happened that he had
found a rich store of treasure in his field, and he needed the mules to
carry it for him to his home.

But, alas for him! The animals were safely loaded and had nearly reached
his house, when some armed policemen came that way. The man knew the law
of the Sultan, by which he claimed all treasure-trove for himself.

There was only one thing for him to do, that is, if he did not wish to
be killed for taking the treasure for himself. He must flee.

Away he ran as fast as he could move, leaving the mules to go where they
chose.

You can easily guess they turned toward their own home. They soon
reached it in safety.

When the wood-cutter's wife saw them standing in front of the door with
their heavy loads, she rushed to her husband and begged him to get up
and look into the matter.

But he still refused.

He had vowed to stay in bed till Fortune should visit him, and stay he
would.

His wife, seeing something must be done, went out to the mules and began
to cut the cords binding the sacks.

Of course you know what happened then. Out fell a perfect shower of gold
pieces. The ground was soon covered with a golden carpet, richer than
the most precious stores of the great East.

"A treasure! A treasure!" cried the woman, as she rushed to her
husband's bedside. "Fortune has truly come to our home. Husband, you did
right in waiting for her here. Look and see how rich we are now."

It was certainly time for the wood-cutter to get up, for he had kept his
vow. As he looked at the piles of gold pieces, he said:

"I was quite right, dear wife. One must wait for Fortune. She is very
fickle. You will never catch her if you run after her. But, if you wait
for her, she will surely come to you."

When the story was ended, one of the ladies pointed to the clock.

"My dear friend," she said, turning to Osman's mother, "I have had a
most delightful day. But it is now late in the afternoon. I must bid you
farewell."

As she rose to go, the other ladies followed her example, each one
thanking the hostess for the pleasant day spent with her.




CHAPTER V.

GIPSIES


"I WISH you had been with me this afternoon, Osman," said his father, as
his little boy ran to meet him.

"What did you see, papa? Please tell me all about it."

"I went to walk with a friend. We wandered on and on until we came to a
large field near the city walls. The field was alive with gipsies, who
were having some sort of a holiday. They were dressed in their gayest
colours and were having a dance."

"Outdoors in that field, papa?"

"Yes, Osman, and it was a very pretty sight. A number of the men were
squatting on the ground in a circle. Those were the musicians. They
played on different kinds of instruments. There were drums, flutes, and
mandolins.

"The players banged away with no kind of time, but the gipsies seemed to
enjoy it, notwithstanding."

"How did they dance, papa?"

"The men kept by themselves, each one moving separately. But the women
danced together. They all beat time with their hands. At the same time
they kept saying, 'Oh, Oh, Oh,' as they moved about.

"When the dance was ended, the gipsies went over to a corner of the
field where a feast was being prepared. Great fires had been kindled.
Huge kettles of rice were boiling there, and whole sheep were being
roasted.

"Many of the young gipsies were handsome. Their eyes were dark and
sparkling, and their teeth were of a pearly white. But the old women
were wrinkled and ugly. Their long, thin fingers made me think of
witches."

"The gipsies dress in the old style of our country, don't they, papa?"

"Yes, you always see them with large, baggy trousers, short jackets, and
turbans wound around their heads. The men wear bright-coloured
waistbands, stuck full of pistols and daggers."

"I feel scared, papa, only to hear you speak of such things."

"How foolish that is, Osman. The gipsies would do you no harm. They mind
their own affairs pretty well. To be sure, we do not love these people,
but there is nothing to fear from them.

"They have chosen to live among us, and, although they go away in large
companies and travel all over Europe, they are sure to come back here."

"Where did they come from in the first place, papa?"

"A long time ago, I believe, they lived in the far East, or in Egypt.
They speak a queer language, made up of Hindi and Greek, as well as
Turkish words."

Just then, Osman's mother came into the room.

"Father has just been telling me about a feast held by the gipsies this
afternoon, mamma."

"Indeed! And did any of the women offer to tell you your fortune?" asked
the lady, as she turned toward her husband.

"They were having too good a time among themselves to notice any
outsider," he answered. "At any other time I should have been bothered
by them. I can't tell you how many times this year I have been asked to
show the palm of my hand and cross it with silver."

"The silver is the pay for the fortune-telling, isn't it?" asked Osman.

[Illustration: "'SHE TOLD ME HE WOULD BE MY HUSBAND.'"]

"Certainly; a gipsy wouldn't give you a moment of her time unless she
were paid for it," said his mother.

"When I was a young girl, I loved to have my fortune told. One day a
beautiful young gipsy girl came to the door of my house. Of course, she
asked to tell my fortune.

"I spread out the palm of my hand and she looked at it a long time with
her bright black eyes. She seemed to study the lines as though she were
reading. At last, she began to speak slowly in a low voice. And, would
you believe it! she described your father, Osman, although I had never
seen him at that time. She told me he would be my husband."

Osman's father smiled a little and then said, "The less we have to do
with these strange people, my son, the better. It is very easy for these
fortune-tellers to make one or two guesses that afterward turn out to be
true. But we have talked enough about the gipsies for one day. Let us
speak of something else."

"Then tell me about our great ruler, whom you serve," said Osman. "I
like to hear about the palace and the Sultan's little children who live
in a city of their own inside of our great one."

The people of Turkey seldom speak of Osman's city as Constantinople, the
name given it by the Christians. They prefer to call it "The Town."

"Yes, the palace and the buildings belonging to it really make a city by
themselves," said his father. "It is a beautiful place, with its lovely
gardens and parks. There is a lake in the midst of the park, and the
Sultan sometimes sails around it in an elegant steam launch.

"The palace is of white marble, as you know, Osman. The furniture is of
ebony inlaid with ivory. The curtains and carpets are of the brightest
colours, and are rich and heavy."

"There is a theatre, as well as a great many other buildings, isn't
there, papa?"

"Yes, Osman. It is decorated in the richest colours. The Sultan's seat
is in the front part of the gallery."

"He has many children, hasn't he?"

"Yes, and he loves them dearly. He often spends the evening with them
and plays duets on the piano with his favourites. The building where
they live with their mothers is in the park. I have been told it is very
beautiful."

"The Sultan has many, many wives, I have heard mother say."

"It is true. And each wife has a great number of slaves as well as other
attendants. Sometimes his wives drive through the city in elegant
carriages."

"But the Sultan never leaves the palace grounds, except on the two great
times each year, does he?"

"Never, except at those times, Osman. But any one can get permission to
see him as he rides on horseback to the mosque in his grounds, where he
worships."

"It is a beautiful sight, papa. You know you have taken me there to see
him. The lines of soldiers, all in red fezzes, reach from the door of
the palace to the snow-white mosque. The Sultan himself looks so grand
as he rides along!

"The troops cheer him as he passes them and enters the mosque, but
everybody else is very, very quiet. I suppose they feel somewhat as I
do, papa. I'm not exactly afraid. But he is such a great and powerful
ruler, it doesn't seem as if I could move or make a sound while I look
at him."

Dear little Osman! Our far-away cousin has never heard how the people of
other countries speak of Turkey. They call it the "Sick Man of Europe."
They think it is a pity the Sultan has such power in the land. They
say:

"Turkey is the only country in Europe that does not believe in the
Christian faith. Its most important city is on the shores of a strait
through which a great deal of trade is carried from all parts of the
world. These are some of the reasons different countries would like to
get control of Turkey and its great city. They all look toward it with
longing eyes.

"Besides these things, the Sultan himself is not a good ruler for his
people. He has many wives and hundreds of slaves. Many of his people
follow his bad example and buy slaves, both black and white."

But little Osman knows nothing of what is said about the Sultan and the
people of his land. It has never entered his head that it is wrong to
buy and sell human beings.

His mother is kind to her slaves, and does not make them work hard.
Sometimes, too, she frees one of her slave women. They are happy, she
thinks.

"But, dear little Osman," you would say, "it is the _right_ of every one
to be free. Perhaps when you grow up you will see this, and help to make
things different in your country."

Let us go back now to the little boy and his father as they sat talking
of the Sultan and his palace.

"He dresses very plainly," said the Turk. "But in the old days, the
ruler's garments were very rich, and his fez fairly blazed with
diamonds. If you had lived then, Osman, your eyes would have been
dazzled when you looked at him."

"I wish I could have seen some of the things my grandmother has
described," answered his son. "But I'm glad I wasn't living during the
revolution of the janizaries. Everybody must have been scared then.

"Is it really true that Sultan Mahmoud's old nurse saved his life by
hiding him away in an oven?"

"Yes, but he wasn't Sultan then. He was the heir to the throne,
however."

"What made the trouble, papa?"

"Sultan Selim III. was a wise ruler. He wished to improve his country.
At one time the janizaries were the best trained and most useful troops.
They were chosen from the Christians who were taken captive in war.

"But after awhile, men with no training and with selfish motives managed
to get into their ranks. Sultan Selim knew they were harmful to the
Empire, and intended to disband them. They found out what he was about
to do, took the city and palace by surprise, and killed the good Selim.

"As soon as his son's old nurse heard the uproar, she hurried to Mahmoud
and said, 'Come with me at once; your life must be saved.' She led him
to an old furnace in the palace and begged him to get inside.

"'No matter what happens, nor who calls your name, do not make a sound
until I speak to you,' she told him.

"He did as she said. Hour after hour, he stayed quietly inside the
furnace while his father and many of his friends were being cruelly
killed.

"The Sultan's enemies hunted everywhere for him, but he was nowhere to
be found. They called his name coaxingly, but he knew better than to
answer any one else than his old nurse, so he did not make a sound.

"In the meanwhile, the old woman was patiently watching. When the
janizaries had gone away, she went to the door of the furnace and
whispered to Mahmoud. She told him he now had a chance to gather his men
about him and seize the government.

"There was not a moment to lose; Mahmoud was quite a young man, but he
had a strong nature. His wonderful eyes showed that.

"He came out from his hiding-place and succeeded in gaining control of
the city. The wicked janizaries were conquered, but Mahmoud had a sad
and troubled reign. Blessed be his memory!"




CHAPTER VI.

A TURKISH BATH


"OSMAN, you may go with me to the public bath-house," said his father,
one bright morning. "I have business at the bazaar to-day, and we will
go there afterward. You can have a good bath."

Osman was delighted. A whole day with his father was a great treat.
Besides, it pleased him to think of a visit to the public bath-house.

There was a large marble bath-room in his own home, and there were
furnaces underneath to heat it. There were servants to wait upon him as
he bathed. "Yet the public bath is better still," thought Osman, "and I
love to go there." Probably you have all heard of Turkish baths. They
are so delightful that people in America and other countries have copied
them from the Turks. They have built similar bath-houses in their
cities.

"Are we to drive or walk, papa?" asked Osman.

"We will drive. The carriage will be here in a few moments."

After a short drive they drew up in front of a large and handsome
building. It was the public bath-house.

The first room entered by Osman and his father was a large hall. It was
open overhead to let in the fresh air. There was a raised platform
around the sides. This platform was covered with a soft carpet and
divided into small dressing-rooms. Each visitor would have one of these
for himself.

A fountain was playing in the middle of the hall, making sweet music as
the water fell into the marble basin.

"Go into one of those little rooms and take off your clothing, Osman,"
said his father.

The little boy was soon ready for the bath. The attendant had wound
three bright-bordered towels around him. One of these was tied about his
waist, the second was twisted into a turban around his head, while the
third one was thrown over his shoulders. He would not catch cold, for
the towels were thick and warm. He wore wooden slippers on his feet.

Now for the warm chamber.

Osman knew what was coming. He went at once to the marble platform in
the middle of the room. There he stretched himself on a soft mattress
which the attendants placed for him.

They began to rub his feet and limbs very gently. How pleasant and
restful it was! The little boy soon began to perspire. This was the
time for moving him into a still warmer room, called the hot chamber.

Here Osman was rubbed briskly with a camel's-hair glove after a bowl of
water had been poured over his body.

"Oh, how good this is," he thought, sleepily, when scented water was
brought in, the attendant using the soft fibres of the palm in bathing
him with the fragrant water. It was very, very pleasant.

There was no hurry. Hot clothing was laid on the boy when this last
bathing was over; cold water was poured over his feet and he was taken
to the cooling-room. Here he could lie on a soft, pleasant couch as long
as he wished.

After a good rest, how the blood danced through every part of his body!
Tired! It did not seem as though he could ever be tired again in his
life. He was ready for any amount of walking and sightseeing.

"Father," he said, as they left the building and turned into one of the
busiest streets, "I think a bath is one of the pleasantest things in the
whole world."

"It almost makes a new man out of an old one," answered the serious
Turk.

He never called himself a Turk, however. He would feel insulted to hear
us speak of him in that manner. He would say, "I am an Osmanli, that is,
a subject of the empire founded by Osman."

Osman, the founder of the empire, is also called Otman, so the subjects
are sometimes spoken of as Ottomans, and their country as the Ottoman
Empire.

Now let us go back to our little Osman and his father.

"See that poor beggar," whispered the little boy. "May I give him a
coin, papa?"

It was a sickly-looking old man who filled Osman's heart with pity. He
was very dirty, and his clothes were torn and ragged, although they
were gay with bright colours. As he leaned against the side of a
fountain, he made a picture you would like to paint. He kept crying,
"Baksheesh, baksheesh," to the passers-by.

What a beautiful fountain it was! It had a wide roof, giving a pleasant
shade. There were gilded gratings all around it, worked in lovely
patterns,--roses and honeysuckles and trailing vines.

Brass drinking-cups, hanging around the sides, seemed to say, "Come,
thirsty traveller, come and drink."

What a fluttering and cooing there was over the roof. At least a hundred
pigeons were flying about, fearless and happy. No one would harm them,
not even the ragged street boys who were playing about the fountain and
ready for any mischief.

After Osman had given a silver coin to the beggar, his father pointed
to the fountain, and said, "Look, my child, at the beautiful pattern of
the grating."

"How pretty the gilded flowers are," answered Osman. "I love to see
them. But, papa, there are ever so many fountains in our city. Nearly
half of them are as pretty as this one. I believe there is hardly a
street without one."

"I knew a very good man who died a few months ago. He left his money to
be used in building a fountain. It was a kind deed. Don't you think so?"

"Yes, indeed, papa. There are always people and animals who are thirsty.
It is a comfort to have fresh water at hand, especially if it is a warm
day."

[Illustration: "THROUGH THE CROWD OF BUSY PEOPLE."]

As Osman was speaking, he heard a sound of music. Looking down the
street, he saw two gipsies coming toward him. The man was playing on a
bagpipe, and leading a tame bear. The woman was dressed in bright
colours. She was beating a tambourine.

"Isn't it pretty music, papa? Oh, do look at the bear," cried Osman. "He
is doing some tricks."

His father was in no hurry, so he and Osman joined the crowd who
gathered around the gipsies. The bear danced in time to the music, and
did other amusing things.

Osman tossed him a coin, which he carried to his master. This pleased
the others, and they threw him some more coins.

"At this rate, the gipsies will go home to-night quite rich," laughed
Osman's father, as they passed on. "We will go to the bazaar now. I must
attend to some business there before it is much later."

"See that man with the tiger's skin over his shoulders," said Osman, a
few minutes later. "He is clothed in rags, but he isn't a beggar, is
he?"

"No, indeed, Osman. He is without doubt a wise man of our own faith, who
prefers to be poor. He has probably come to the city to visit some holy
tomb, in order to keep a vow he has made. He may have travelled many
hundreds of miles. You should honour him, my little boy."

Osman and his father still moved through the crowd of busy people. They
passed many Greeks and Armenians, who carry on a large share of the
business of the city. There were also Englishmen and Americans, who were
seeing the sights of this strange, lively place.

There were serious-looking Mohammedan priests in white and green
turbans, with their eyes bent down to the ground. There were
water-carriers with big jars on their backs, and sweetmeat-sellers with
scales on which they were ever ready to weigh out the rich candies of
Turkey.

As for dogs and beggars, there were hundreds of them, without a doubt.

"There is the bazaar, papa. I can see it on the hilltop beyond us."

It was an immense building of a brownish gray colour. You might almost
call it a city in itself.

As Osman and his father began to climb the hill, they made their way
between many stands and tiny booths where goods were for sale.
Everything looked inviting, and Osman saw several things he wished to
buy.

"See those lovely grapes, papa. I should like to carry some of them
home," said the boy. But his father would not stop.

"We will not buy anything till we reach the bazaar," he said. "You will
see enough there to tempt you, I do not doubt."

They passed on, and soon reached the entrance of the great building. It
was quiet and dark inside, and there were many narrow little streets or
passages, through which hundreds of people were moving. Each narrow
passage was given up to the sale of some special thing.

The shopkeepers were from many different countries. There were shrewd
Armenians, wily Greeks, Persians with big caps on their heads, and Turks
with long beards, squatting comfortably by their counters.

The high roof was over all. Light was given by great numbers of little
domes shining in every direction through this city of shops.

It was very pleasant to Osman. He liked to watch the crowds and look at
the many lights. He enjoyed the strange odours of the East. He never
grew tired of looking at the rich and beautiful goods for sale,--the
goods of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Three continents seemed to meet in
the great bazaar of Constantinople.

"Oh, papa, please look at these lovely stones. I should like to buy
that necklace for mamma, she is so fond of amber."

But the boy's father replied, "Not to-day, Osman, not to-day."

Some queerly wrought swords now caught the boy's eye. They were made of
the finest steel, and the handles were richly ornamented.

"How I wish I could have one of those for my very own, papa. Mayn't I
please have one?"

"When you are a young man, Osman, we will look for the most elegant
sword to be bought. But not now, my child."

Osman forgot his longing for a sword when he stood in front of a stand
where perfumes were sold.

"We will buy some of this attar of roses. It will please your mother,
and you may give it to her," said the father.

The Turks are fond of delicate perfumes, and there is none they like
better than attar of roses, which is largely made in Turkey, and sent
from there to other countries.

"Why does it cost so much?" asked Osman, as his father handed a gold
coin to the shopkeeper.

"It is because only a few drops can be obtained from hundreds and
hundreds of the flowers. Next year, you shall take a journey with me,
Osman. I am going to the part of our country where the roses are raised
for this purpose. It is a beautiful sight,--the fields thickly dotted
with the sweet-smelling blossoms. You shall then see how the people get
fragrant perfume from the flowers."

"I'm getting so hungry, papa. Can't we get some lunch? That cheese makes
my mouth water."

A man with a round wicker basket containing different kinds of cheese
was going through the street and calling his wares.

"Hush, Osman." His father pointed to the tower of a small mosque.

High up in this tower stood a man crying out to all faithful believers
of Mohammed. It was the call to prayer.

Five times each day this prayer-caller mounted the tower. Each time he
cried out to the people who were within reach of his voice.

Osman and his father instantly turned toward the sacred city of Mecca,
and, kneeling down right where they stood, repeated a short prayer.

Then they slowly rose and turned their steps toward a restaurant, where
they could get a delicious lunch.

There were many other peddlers in the streets besides the cheese-seller.
Some of the shoppers bought what they wished from these peddlers. They
could get unleavened bread or biscuits, custards, ices, sherbet,
sweetmeats, hot vegetables, and many other things.

But Osman's father said, "We can be more comfortable in the restaurant.
Besides, I should like a good dish of kebaby."

Kebaby! It was an odd name and an odd dish.

"It is very, very good," thought our little Turkish cousin, as he began
to eat from the steaming soup-plate set before him.

The cook had placed tiny squares of unleavened bread in the bottom of
the dish. Over this he had poured a quantity of sour cream, and last of
all came little squares of hot meat. The dish was seasoned with salt,
pepper, cardamom, and sumach.

"Good! Yes, very good," said Osman's father, as he tasted the kebaby.
"There is nothing I like better."

When the lunch was over, he and his little son went to that part or the
bazaar where carpets were sold. After many words about the price, a
beautiful rug was purchased. Its colours were soft and rich. It was
woven so closely it would last for many years. The shopkeeper had said
it would be good for a lifetime, and he probably spoke the truth.

"Before we go home, will you take me out on the bridge of boats?" asked
Osman. "It isn't far from the bazaar."

"Aren't you too tired?"

"No, indeed; the bath this morning made me ready for anything."

A short walk brought Osman and his father to the bridge of which he had
spoken. It joins the main city of Constantinople and the suburb of Pera.

"It doesn't seem as though the bridge could be made of boats until we
look over the sides, does it?" said Osman.

"No, dear. They are firmly chained together and covered with such strong
planks that this bridge seems like any other. I must say I like to come
here, myself. We can get such a fine view of the Golden Horn."

"Why do people call our harbour the Golden Horn?"

"It is shaped somewhat like a horn. Besides this, it is the channel
through which many shiploads of the richest goods are carried. Think of
the precious things you saw in the bazaar to-day, the beautiful gems,
the spices, the silks, the shawls of camel's hair."

"I understand now. But look! There is a camel with a heavy load on his
back. His master is leading him. I love camels."

"When I was a little boy," said his father, "my mother used to tell me
stories of the old times. In those days there were none of the
new-fashioned carriages in our streets. Only the gaily trimmed arabas,
and sedan-chairs carried on men's shoulders could be seen."

"Mamma sometimes goes in a sedan-chair now," said Osman. "It must be a
warm way of riding in summer-time, though. The close curtains keep out
the air."

"You would have liked to see the camels in the old days, Osman.
Merchants often travelled through the streets with whole processions of
those animals. They went very slowly, to be sure, and they blocked up
the streets. But camels are steady, faithful creatures, and are good
beasts of burden."

"The dress of the people was much prettier long ago, wasn't it?"

"Indeed, it was. It is a shame so many of our people copy the fashions
of other countries. The dress now looks stiff and ugly beside the loose
robes and bright colours of the old times. But see, my child, the day
has left us and I am tired. We must hasten homeward."




CHAPTER VII.

THE WEDDING


"I WISH I could have been there," thought Osman.

It was Friday morning, and the little boy was sitting beside his mother
while she described the wedding-festival given in honour of two dear
friends. She and her husband had spent all day Thursday at the
bridegroom's house.

"It was a grand time, my little son. I wish you could have enjoyed it
with us, but you were too ill to leave home," said Osman's mother, as
she lovingly patted his cheek.

"Was there a great crowd, mamma?"

"Yes, indeed, for the young couple have hosts of friends. The ladies, of
course, rode in carriages, and the men were on horseback. A band of
music played lively tunes as we escorted the young bride to her new
home.

"When we reached the house, the bridegroom stood waiting in the doorway.
He led his bride to the bower in the bridal chamber, and, leaving her
there, went to the 'place of greeting' to receive his gentlemen
friends."

"You helped in making the bower, didn't you, mamma?"

"Yes. I went to the new home on Monday, with other friends and the
relatives of the bride. The wedding-outfit and the presents had already
been brought by some trusty porters.

"After we had refreshed ourselves with a lunch of coffee and sweetmeats,
we began to decorate the bridal chamber. We hung the bride's pretty
dresses, her shawls and prayer-carpet, her embroidered sheets and
towels, on cords fastened along the walls.

"Then we chose one corner of the room for the bower. We hung up fine
embroideries and festoons of gauze, and fastened numbers of artificial
flowers here and there in the draperies. When it was done it was
lovely!"

Osman's mother sighed with delight as she thought of it.

"But our work did not stop there, my dear. Oh, no. We placed the most
precious wedding-presents in glass cases, so every one could see and
admire them. Then we hung garlands of flowers on the walls of the room.
It was very beautiful now.

"When this room was finished, we went into the next one and set up the
new furniture and bedding, the beautiful candelabra, the smoking-set,
and the kitchen ware."

"What did you do on Tuesday, mamma?"

"We went with the bride to the bath. When it was over, she put on
borrowed clothing. Some bad fortune might come to her, if she did not
follow this old custom."

"You spent Wednesday with the bride, too, didn't you?"

"Certainly, Osman. That is a very important day in the wedding-festival.
I went to the bride's house quite early in the day, for we are very
close friends. I helped her in receiving the bridegroom's mother and
other relatives. All her special friends gathered there with me. We
formed in a double row and helped the other guests up the stairs.

"I hope my dear Morgiana will be good friends with her new mother. As
they sat side by side, the old lady passed sugar from her own mouth to
that of her daughter-in-law."

"Why was that, mamma?"

"It was a token of the good feeling there will be between them, Osman."

"Dear me, a wedding-festival is a grand thing, isn't it? I wish I could
have gone Thursday with you and papa. That was the greatest day of
all."

"Yes, it was a very pleasant time for every one. There was an
entertainment in the place of greeting for the men, and another for the
women in the bride's rooms. Some gipsy girls danced and sang for us and
we had refreshments."

"What was the bride doing all this time, mamma?"

"As soon as the bridegroom had led her to the bridal bower and gone
away, her veil was raised. We could now look at her beautiful face as
much as we liked, and admire her wedding-gown and presents."

"Did many poor people come in to look at the pretty things?" asked
Osman. His voice was rather sad as he said the word "poor." He pitied
those who did not have a lovely home like himself, and plenty to eat and
to wear.

"It is so hard to be poor and have to work hard from early morning till
late at night," he often thought.

"Yes, indeed, Osman. The house was filled with people all day long. No
one was turned away from the door," answered his mother. "I saw women in
shabby clothing standing beside the most richly dressed ladies. They
seemed to enjoy the festival very much."

"When did the bridegroom enter, mamma?"

"As soon as the evening prayer had been recited in the 'place of
greeting.' Then the bridegroom hurriedly left his men friends and
started for the bridal bower."

Osman began to laugh. "I know what the men did then, mamma. I have heard
papa tell about it. They pelted the bridegroom with old shoes and struck
his back many a sharp blow. No wonder he hurried up-stairs as fast as he
could go."

The boy's mother smiled. "And I can tell you what happened after the
door closed behind him, although we visitors now took our leave. I well
remember my own wedding.

"The bride kissed his hand as he entered. He knelt down on her veil and
made a short prayer. After this a mirror was held in front of the young
couple by an old woman friend of the bride, so they could see their
faces in it side by side.

"Then sugar was passed from the young man's mouth to that of the bride.
It was a symbol of the sweetness of their future life.

"But, my dear child, I have been so busy talking I did not notice the
time. I must leave you to dress for the banquet at the home of our young
friends. Run away and play with Selim."




CHAPTER VIII.

THE CHILDREN'S CARNIVAL


"SELIM, Selim, you will be late if you don't hurry," called Osman.

He himself had been ready for five whole minutes, and was becoming
impatient because his little friend was not in sight. So he ran across
the street to Selim's house to find out what was the matter.

"I will be dressed in a minute or two," said Selim. Osman sat down to
count his marbles while he waited.

The two boys were going to a children's carnival in the grand courtyard
of a certain mosque. Their mothers would go with them. Hundreds and
hundreds of children would gather there to make the most of this
glorious spring day.

Osman had looked forward to this festival for a long time.

"Isn't it beautiful?" he exclaimed, when he and Selim, with their veiled
mothers, entered the courtyard and joined the crowd of happy little
people.

The children played one game after another. The boys had their tops and
marbles, and did many wonderful things with them. Of course,
refreshments were plentiful; there were delicious sweetmeats, sherbets,
and other things the children loved. And all the time the mothers,
sitting on their gay carpets, watched the boys and girls at their play,
and seemed to enjoy it as much as the little ones themselves.

"I have had _such_ a good time," Osman told his father that evening.
"Papa, do you remember when you were a little boy like me, and went to
children's carnivals?"

"Yes, as if it were only yesterday, my dear. Yet many years have passed
away since I romped with my boy friends and played with tops and
marbles. But I have something else to speak of, Osman. Would you like to
go with me to-morrow to the mosque of Agia Sophia?"

"Oh, papa, yes, indeed. I love to go with you anywhere. But it is so
beautiful there, I shall be more glad than usual."

Osman's people use the word "mosque" as we do the word "church." Mosque
means the place of prayer. The Turks build all their mosques in the same
general way. They ornament them with domes and high-pointed spires
called minarets.

When you visit Osman's home, you will see hundreds of these domes and
minarets, for there are many mosques in his city.

"Papa, where is the oldest mosque in the world?" asked Osman.

"It is at Medina, in Arabia, on the very spot chosen by the great
Prophet himself. A part of it is kept open to this day for all homeless
people. That is, if they are believers in Mohammed. They can go there at
any time and live in its shelter. It was the Prophet's wish."

"It would be nice if every mosque were like that one," said Osman. "When
I grow up, I hope I may go to Medina and stand in the Mosque of the
Prophet. He suffered very much, didn't he, papa?"

"A great, great deal," Osman's father sighed. "He received his teachings
direct from Heaven. We find those teachings in the Koran, our sacred
book.

"Mohammed had many enemies who believed he was cheating his followers.
They did not believe that Allah (God) taught him. They even said bad
spirits were the cause of his teachings. His life was in danger many
times. But he and his teachings were saved."

[Illustration: "THEY CAME IN SIGHT OF THE MOSQUE AT LAST."]

Osman's father bent his head, saying these words very slowly: "Allah is
great, and Mohammed is his Prophet."

Osman repeated them after him. Then both father and son sat quiet for a
few minutes. When the Turk spoke again, he said:

"It is bedtime for my little boy. Good night, my child." He bent down
and kissed Osman, then motioned to his waiting nurse to go with him to
his room.

The next day was clear and beautiful. Even the street dogs seemed
quieter and happier than usual.

"It is good to be outdoors in the bright sunshine," said Osman, as he
walked down the street with his father. They came in sight of the mosque
at last. It was not beautiful to look at, but it was very, very large.

"Once there were no minarets rising from this mosque toward heaven," the
boy's father told him. "Only the great dome reached upward from the
roof. That was when the Christians ruled over our city and worshipped in
this building. But when it came into our hands, many changes were made."

"Why do we call it 'Agia Sophia,' papa?"

"It is sacred to 'Wisdom,' my child. The way to wisdom must be through
prayer. But here we are at the doorway."

Osman and his father hastily took off their shoes and put on the big,
soft slippers handed them by an attendant. Other people, who were about
to enter, did the same thing.

There was a good reason for this. The dust of the street must not be
brought in to soil the floor or carpets. They must be kept clean. During
the service the people bow their heads to the floor itself many times.

"It always makes me wish to be quiet when I go there," Osman once told
his mother. "I wonder how men could ever build such a great, great
place of worship."

There were no altars, no images, no seats. But along the walls, there
were slabs of marble of all sorts and colours. Pillars of rare and
beautiful stones held up the roof.

"They have been polished so they shine like mirrors," thought Osman,
"and they are as beautiful as gems."

The floor of the mosque was strewn with prayer-rugs. They were arranged
so the people who came to worship might all kneel toward the sacred city
of Mecca.

"It is hundreds of years since Christians worshipped here," Osman's
father had once told him. "They had altars of solid gold and shrines
sparkling with precious jewels. Pictures of their saints were on the
walls. But we, Osman, are taught not to have such paintings. A mosque
should have no pictures of human shapes, nor of any other. For it is
written: 'Thou shalt not make the likeness of anything.'

"When the great Sultan who conquered the Christians took possession of
the city, he rode through this very building. It was crowded with people
who had fled here for safety. The Sultan ordered that no blood should be
shed. But he made the Christians the slaves of himself and his people.

"He changed the building into a place of worship fit for followers of
Mohammed, saying, 'There is no God but Allah, and Mohammed is his
Prophet.'"

"What was done with the altars and the images and paintings, papa?"

"The altars and images were torn down. The walls were covered with a
coating of reddish plaster, even as you see them to-day, and this hid
the pictures from sight."

"I love to come here in Ramazan. The brightness dazzles my eyes. I wish
I could count the great wheels of light hanging from the ceiling at
that time."

Ramazan is the only part of the year when the mosque is brightly
lighted. It is a strange festival, and lasts a whole month.

The days are given up to fasting, and the nights to services in the
mosques, to feasts, and frolics. It is the only time in the year when
Osman's mamma leaves her home after the sun has set, and goes to evening
parties of her friends.

All through the month, the streets are alive each evening with lights
and processions and gay parties. But from dawn to sunset the followers
of Mohammed must eat no food whatever, although they may feast all night
long if they wish to do so.

Rich people, such as Osman and his family, enjoy turning day into night
for a while. But it is not so easy for the poor, who must work without
eating through the whole day, no matter how hungry and faint they may
become.




CHAPTER IX.

THE TWO FRIENDS


"NEVER forget your friends, Osman. I am glad you are so fond of Selim,
although his family is poor. I hope you will always love him as you do
now."

"Of course, papa. Selim is just like my brother. He always will be,
too."

Osman looked up at his father with a little surprise. Forget Selim! He
could not imagine such a thing.

"You ought to feel that way," said his father. "There is nothing so
beautiful as friendship. I will tell you a true story about two boys who
once lived in this very city."

Osman, with a happy smile, squatted on the rug by his father's side.
There was nothing he liked better than a story.

"One of these boys," said the father, "was the son of a rich
tobacconist. He was a Moslem, like ourselves, but his dearest friend was
a little Armenian, whose father was a poor bread-seller and a Christian.
The two boys were always together in work and play. After a while, their
parents began to think, 'This is not good. A Christian and a Moslem
should not be such close friends. We must not let this go on any
longer.'

"Neither reasoning nor scolding did any good.

"At last the rich boy's father, the Moslem, decided to send him out of
Turkey. 'It is the only way to make Ibrahim forget Joannes,' he said to
himself. 'Ibrahim is now fifteen years old. He is nearly a man. Yes, I
must send him so far away he will forget all about his Christian
playmate.'

"Ibrahim was told of the plan. What did he do? He rushed to Joannes's
home and said to his friend, 'I am going away, Joannes. I must bid you
good-bye.'

"'No, indeed,' answered Joannes. 'Where you go, I will go, too.'

"'But that cannot be. My father has arranged it so that I go into
another country. I am to serve the Pasha of Bagdad. But I shall never
forget you, Joannes. And when I come back to this city, I shall come as
your true and loving friend.'

"The two boys embraced and kissed each other. Then Ibrahim went away.
Soon after this he was sent far away to the city of Bagdad.

"He served the pasha so well that he soon held a high position. Years
passed away and the pasha died. A surprise was now in store for Ibrahim.
He himself was made pasha.

"But he longed for his old home. He wished to see his friend Joannes
once more, for he had never been forgotten. He sent word to the Sultan,
asking if he might visit this city for a short time.

"But the Sultan said, 'No; the country needs your care. Stay there and
keep it in order.'

"More years passed away. Again the pasha asked permission to leave
Bagdad that he might visit his old home. And again the Sultan refused.

"Soon after this, a strange thing happened. The Sultan became angry with
his chief officer, the Grand Vizier. He had his head cut off, and, would
you believe it, he sent for Ibrahim to come here to be Grand Vizier in
his place.

"Ibrahim was hardly settled in his high position before he sent two of
his body-guard to the narrow street where his old friend used to live.
They were told to find him and bring him before their master.

"When they came to the little store of the bread-seller, they went
inside and asked for Joannes.

"He came forward in a great fright. What had he done that the Grand
Vizier should send for him? He trembled as he declared he had done no
wrong to any man, neither theft nor murder,--no harm whatever.

"But the officers would not listen. Their master had ordered Joannes to
be brought to him, and they must obey his command.

"He must go. There was no help. Joannes sent a sad farewell to his wife
and children, for he fully expected he was about to meet death. His
pitying friends and neighbours crowded around as he went with the
officers from his little store.

"They brought him into the presence of the Grand Vizier. But poor
Joannes did not dare to look in his face. He threw himself face downward
on the floor, and begged that his life should be spared.

"'Arise!' said the Grand Vizier. 'I do not wish you harm. I want to talk
with you. Do you remember Ibrahim, your boy friend?'

"'Remember him! I loved him above all others. But he went away, and I
never saw him again.'

"'I am he,' answered the great man, and he fell on Joannes's neck and
kissed him. Then he reminded Ibrahim of the last words spoken before
they parted.

"'I am still your friend,' he said. 'Behold, I will show you that I am.

"He sent for his accounts, and then and there made Joannes his chief
banker. He gave him charge of all his money. He sent him home in a grand
uniform, on a fine horse, and with servants to attend him.

"You can imagine the surprise of Joannes's wife when he came home in
such style.

"No, he had not been killed, after all. The poor woman fainted with joy
at the glad sight. But she soon came to her senses, and both she and
her husband lived to enjoy the loving kindness of Joannes's old friend,
now the Sultan's highest officer.

"That was friendship worth having, indeed."

"What a lovely story, papa. Maybe I shall grow up to show Selim how much
I love him, too."

"It may be. Yes, it may be so. Or, possibly, Selim will have the chance
to show you how deeply he cares for you, Osman. Who knows what changes
will come to our country? Who knows, indeed!"

Osman's father became silent as he thought of the enemies of Turkey, and
of what might happen to his loved country if they should band together
against the Sultan and his power.


THE END.





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By HARRISON ADAMS

  _Each 12mo, cloth decorative, illustrated, per volume_       $1.25


=THE PIONEER BOYS OF THE OHIO;= OR, CLEARING THE WILDERNESS.

"Such books as this are an admirable means of stimulating among the
young Americans of to-day interest in the story of their pioneer
ancestors and the early days of the Republic."--_Boston Globe._


=THE PIONEER BOYS ON THE GREAT LAKES;= OR, ON THE TRAIL OF THE IROQUOIS.

"The recital of the daring deeds of the frontier is not only interesting
but instructive as well and shows the sterling type of character which
these days of self-reliance and trial produced."--_American Tourist,
Chicago._


=THE PIONEER BOYS OF THE MISSISSIPPI;= OR, THE HOMESTEAD IN THE
WILDERNESS.

"The story is told with spirit, and is full of adventure."--_New York
Sun._


=THE PIONEER BOYS OF THE MISSOURI;= OR, IN THE COUNTRY OF THE SIOUX.

"Vivid in style, vigorous in movement, full of dramatic situations, true
to historic perspective, this story is a capital one for
boys."--_Watchman Examiner, New York City._


=THE PIONEER BOYS OF THE YELLOWSTONE;= OR, LOST IN THE LAND OF WONDERS.

"There is plenty of lively adventure and action and the story is well
told."--_Duluth Herald, Duluth, Minn._


=THE PIONEER BOYS OF THE COLUMBIA;= OR, IN THE WILDERNESS OF THE GREAT
NORTHWEST.

"The story is full of spirited action and contains much valuable
historical information."--_Boston Herald._




THE HADLEY HALL SERIES

By LOUISE M. BREITENBACH

  _Each large 12mo, cloth decorative, illustrated, per volume_   $1.50


=ALMA AT HADLEY HALL=

"The author is to be congratulated on having written such an appealing
book for girls."--_Detroit Free Press._


=ALMA'S SOPHOMORE YEAR=

"It cannot fail to appeal to the lovers of good things in girls'
books."--_Boston Herald._


=ALMA'S JUNIOR YEAR=

"The diverse characters in the boarding-school are strongly drawn, the
incidents are well developed and the action is never dull."--The _Boston
Herald._


=ALMA'S SENIOR YEAR=

"Incident abounds in all of Miss Breitenbach's stories and a healthy,
natural atmosphere breathes from every chapter."--_Boston Transcript._





THE GIRLS OF FRIENDLY TERRACE SERIES

By HARRIET LUMMIS SMITH

  _Each large 12mo, cloth decorative, illustrated, per volume_   $1.50


=THE GIRLS OF FRIENDLY TERRACE=

"A book sure to please girl readers, for the author seems to understand
perfectly the girl character."--_Boston Globe._


=PEGGY RAYMOND'S VACATION=

"It is a wholesome, hearty story."--_Utica Observer._


=PEGGY RAYMOND'S SCHOOL DAYS=

The book is delightfully written, and contains lots of exciting
incidents.





FAMOUS LEADERS SERIES

By CHARLES H. L. JOHNSTON

  _Each large 12mo, cloth decorative, illustrated, per volume_    $1.50


=FAMOUS CAVALRY LEADERS=

"More of such books should be written, books that acquaint young readers
with historical personages in a pleasant, informal way."--_New York
Sun._

"It is a book that will stir the heart of every boy and will prove
interesting as well to the adults."--_Lawrence Daily World._


=FAMOUS INDIAN CHIEFS=

"Mr. Johnston has done faithful work in this volume, and his relation of
battles, sieges and struggles of these famous Indians with the whites
for the possession of America is a worthy addition to United States
History."--_New York Marine Journal._


=FAMOUS SCOUTS=

"It is the kind of a book that will have a great fascination for boys
and young men, and while it entertains them it will also present
valuable information in regard to those who have left their impress upon
the history of the country."--_The New London Day._


=FAMOUS PRIVATEERSMEN AND ADVENTURERS OF THE SEA=

"The tales are more than merely interesting; they are entrancing,
stirring the blood with thrilling force and bringing new zest to the
never-ending interest in the dramas of the sea."--_The Pittsburgh Post._


=FAMOUS FRONTIERSMEN AND HEROES OF THE BORDER=

This book is devoted to a description of the adventurous lives and
stirring experiences of many pioneer heroes who were prominently
identified with the opening of the Great West.

"The accounts are not only authentic, but distinctly readable, making a
book of wide appeal to all who love the history of actual
adventure."--_Cleveland Leader._





HILDEGARDE-MARGARET SERIES

By LAURA E. RICHARDS

Eleven Volumes

The Hildegarde-Margaret Series, beginning with "Queen Hildegarde" and
ending with "The Merryweathers," make one of the best and most popular
series of books for girls ever written.

  _Each large 12mo, cloth decorative, illustrated, per volume_   $1.25
  _The eleven volumes boxed as a set_                           $13.75


LIST OF TITLES


    =QUEEN HILDEGARDE=

    =HILDEGARDE'S HOLIDAY=

    =HILDEGARDE'S HOME=

    =HILDEGARDE'S NEIGHBORS=

    =HILDEGARDE'S HARVEST=

    =THREE MARGARETS=

    =MARGARET MONTFORT=

    =PEGGY=

    =RITA=

    =FERNLEY HOUSE=

    =THE MERRYWEATHERS=





THE CAPTAIN JANUARY SERIES

By LAURA E. RICHARDS

  _Each 12mo, cloth decorative, illustrated, per volume_   50 cents


=CAPTAIN JANUARY=

A charming idyl of New England coast life, whose success has been very
remarkable.


    =SAME.= _Illustrated Holiday Edition_               $1.25


    =SAME,= FRENCH TEXT. _Illustrated Holiday Edition_  $1.25


=MELODY:= THE STORY OF A CHILD.


    =SAME.= _Illustrated Holiday Edition_               $1.25


=MARIE=

A companion to "Melody" and "Captain January."


=ROSIN THE BEAU=

A sequel to "Melody" and "Marie."


=SNOW-WHITE;= OR, THE HOUSE IN THE WOOD.


=JIM OF HELLAS;= OR, IN DURANCE VILE, and a companion story, BETHESDA
POOL.


=NARCISSA=

And a companion story, IN VERONA, being two delightful short stories of
New England life.


="SOME SAY"=

And a companion story, NEIGHBORS IN CYRUS.


=NAUTILUS=

"'Nautilus' is by far the best product of the author's powers, and is
certain to achieve the wide success it so richly merits."


=ISLA HERON=

This interesting story is written in the author's usual charming manner.


=THE LITTLE MASTER=

"A well told, interesting tale of a high character."--_California
Gateway Gazette._





DELIGHTFUL BOOKS FOR LITTLE FOLKS

By LAURA E. RICHARDS


=THREE MINUTE STORIES=

Cloth decorative, 12mo, with eight plates in full color and many text
illustrations by Josephine Bruce.

    _Net_ $1.25; carriage paid $1.40

"Little ones will understand and delight in the stories and
poems."--_Indianapolis News._


=FIVE MINUTE STORIES=

    Cloth decorative, square 12mo, illustrated   $1.25

A charming collection of short stories and clever poems for children.


=MORE FIVE MINUTE STORIES=

    Cloth decorative, square 12mo, illustrated   $1.25

A noteworthy collection of short stories and poems for children, which
will prove as popular with mothers as with boys and girls.


=FIVE MICE IN A MOUSE TRAP=

    Cloth decorative, square 12mo, illustrated   $1.25

The story of their lives and other wonderful things related by the Man
in the Moon, done in the vernacular from the lunacular form by Laura E.
Richards.


=WHEN I WAS YOUR AGE=

    Cloth. 8vo, illustrated   $1.25

The title most happily introduces the reader to the charming home life
of Doctor Howe and Mrs. Julia Ward Howe, during the childhood of the
author.


=A HAPPY LITTLE TIME=

    Cloth, 8vo, illustrated      $1.25

Little Betty and the happy time she had will appeal strongly to mothers
as well as to the little ones who will have this story read to them, and
appeal all the more on account of its being such a "real" story.




THE BOYS' STORY OF THE RAILROAD SERIES

By BURTON E. STEVENSON

  _Each large 12mo, cloth decorative, illustrated, per volume_   $1.50


=THE YOUNG SECTION-HAND;= OR, THE ADVENTURES OF ALLAN WEST.

"A thrilling story, well told, clean and bright. The whole range of
section railroading is covered in the story, and it contains information
as well as interest."--_Chicago Post._


=THE YOUNG TRAIN DISPATCHER=

"A vivacious account of the varied and often hazardous nature of
railroad life, full of incident and adventure, in which the author has
woven admirable advice about honesty, manliness, self-culture, good
reading, and the secrets of success."--_Congregationalist._


=THE YOUNG TRAIN MASTER=

"It is a book that can be unreservedly commended to anyone who loves a
good, wholesome, thrilling, informing yarn."--_Passaic News._


=THE YOUNG APPRENTICE;= OR, ALLAN WEST'S CHUM.

"The story is intensely interesting, and one gains an intimate knowledge
of the methods and works in the great car shops not easily gained
elsewhere."--_Baltimore Sun._

"It appeals to every boy of enterprising spirit, and at the same
time teaches him some valuable lessons in honor, pluck, and
perseverance."--_Cleveland Plain Dealer._

"The lessons that the books teach in development of uprightness, honesty
and true manly character are sure to appeal to the reader."--_The
American Boy._




=THE LITTLE COLONEL BOOKS=

(Trade Mark)

By ANNIE FELLOWS JOHNSTON

    _Each large 12mo, cloth, illustrated, per volume_   $1.50


    =THE LITTLE COLONEL STORIES=
          (Trade Mark)

Being three "Little Colonel" stories in the Cosy Corner Series, "The
Little Colonel," "Two Little Knights of Kentucky," and "The Giant
Scissors," in a single volume.


    =THE LITTLE COLONEL'S HOUSE PARTY=
          (Trade Mark)

    =THE LITTLE COLONEL'S HOLIDAYS=
          (Trade Mark)

    =THE LITTLE COLONEL'S HERO=
          (Trade Mark)

    =THE LITTLE COLONEL AT BOARDING-SCHOOL=
          (Trade Mark)

    =THE LITTLE COLONEL IN ARIZONA=
          (Trade Mark)

    =THE LITTLE COLONEL'S CHRISTMAS VACATION=
          (Trade Mark)

    =THE LITTLE COLONEL, MAID OF HONOR=
          (Trade Mark)

    =THE LITTLE COLONEL'S KNIGHT COMES RIDING=
          (Trade Mark)

    =MARY WARE: THE LITTLE COLONEL'S CHUM=
          (Trade Mark)

    =MARY WARE IN TEXAS=

    =MARY WARE'S PROMISED LAND=

    _These twelve volumes, boxed as a set,_ $18.00.





=SPECIAL HOLIDAY EDITIONS=


    _Each small quarto, cloth decorative, per volume_   $1.25

New plates, handsomely illustrated with eight full-page drawings in
color, and many marginal sketches.


    =THE LITTLE COLONEL=
          (Trade Mark)

    =TWO LITTLE KNIGHTS OF KENTUCKY=

    =THE GIANT SCISSORS=

    =BIG BROTHER=


=THE JOHNSTON JEWEL SERIES=

  _Each small 16mo, cloth decorative, with frontispiece
         and decorative text borders, per volume_    _Net_ $0.50


=IN THE DESERT OF WAITING:= THE LEGEND OF CAMELBACK MOUNTAIN.


=THE THREE WEAVERS:= A FAIRY TALE FOR FATHERS AND MOTHERS AS WELL AS FOR
THEIR DAUGHTERS.


=KEEPING TRYST:= A TALE OF KING ARTHUR'S TIME.


=THE LEGEND OF THE BLEEDING HEART=


=THE RESCUE OF PRINCESS WINSOME:= A FAIRY PLAY FOR OLD AND YOUNG.


=THE JESTER'S SWORD=


=THE LITTLE COLONEL'S GOOD TIMES BOOK=

    Uniform in size with the Little Colonel Series   $1.50
    Bound in white kid (morocco) and gold       _Net_ 3.00

Cover design and decorations by Peter Verberg.

"A mighty attractive volume in which the owner may record the good times
she has on decorated pages, and under the directions as it were of Annie
Fellows Johnston."--_Buffalo Express._

       *       *       *       *       *

Transcriber's Notes:

Obvious punctuation errors repaired.





End of Project Gutenberg's Our Little Turkish Cousin, by Mary Hazelton Wade