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  How To Tell The Birds
  From The Flowers
  And Other Wood-cuts.

  A Revised Manual of Flornithology for Beginners.

[Illustration]

  Verses and Illustrations
  By Robert Williams Wood.

  Published By Duffield and Co.
  New York.


  Copyright 1917.
  By
  Duffield and Co.

[Illustration]




Contents.


  The Burr. The Bird.                 1.
  The Crow. The Crocus.               2.
  The Plover. The Clover.             3.
  Ole Gander. Oleander.               4.
  The Hen. The Lichen.                5.
  The Pelican. The Panicle.           6.
  The Pea. The Pewee.                 7.
  The Parrot. The Carrot.             8.
  The Rue. The Rooster.               9.
  The Hawk. The Hollyhock.           10.
  The Pecan. The Toucan.             11.
  The Cat-bird. The Cat-nip.         12.
  The Quail. The Kale.               13.
  The Auk. The Orchid.               14.
  The Cow-bird. The Cowslip.         15.
  The Butter-ball. The Buttercup.    16.
  The Roc. The Shamrock.             17.
  A Sparrer. Asparagus.              18.
  The Blue Mountain Lory.            19.
  The Blue Morning Glory.            19.
  The Tern. The Turnip.              20.
  The Larks. The Larkspur.           22.
  Cross Bill. Sweet William.         23.
  The Ibis. The 'Ibiscus.            24.
  The Pipe. The Snipe.               25.
  The Bay. The Jay.                  26.
  The Gent-ian. The Lady-bird.       27.
  Puffin. Nuffin.                    28.
  Bee. Beet. Beetle.                 29.
  The Bunny. The Tunny.              30.
  The Puss. The Octopus.             31.
  The Eel. The Eelephant.            32.
  The Ant. The Pheasant.             33.
  The Hare. The Harrier.             34.
  The Pen-guin. The Sword-fish.      35.
  The Gnu. The Newt.                 36.
  The Ray. The Raven.                38.
  The Ape. The Grape.                40.
  The Doe. The Dodo.                 41.
  The Pipe-fish. The Sea-gar.        42.
  The Elk. The Whelk.                43.
  The P-cock. The Q-cumber.          44.
  The Sloe. The Sloth.               45.
  The Cow. The Cowry.                46.
  The Antelope. The Cantelope.       47.
  The Pansy. The Chim-pansy.         48.
  Naught. Nautilus.                  49.




Intro-duc-tion.

[Illustration]


  By other Nature books I'm sure,
    You've often been misled,
  You've tried a wall-flower to secure.
    And "picked a hen" instead:
  You've wondered what the egg-plants lay,
    And why the chestnut's burred,
  And if the hop-vine hops away,
    It's perfectly absurd.
  I hence submit for your inspection,
    This very new and choice collection,
  Of flowers on Storks, and Phlox of birds,
    With some explanatory words.
  Not every one is always able
    To recognize a vegetable,

  For some are guided by tradition,
  While others use their intuition,
  And even I make no pretense
  Of having more than common sense.
  Indeed these strange homologies
  Are in most flornithologies,
  And I have freely drawn upon
  The works of Gray and Audubon,
  Avoiding though the frequent blunders
  Of those who study Nature's wonders.

[Illustration]




Burr. Bird.

[Illustration: Burr. Bird.]


  Who _is_ there who has never heard,
  About the Burdock and the Bird?
  And yet how very very few,
  Discriminate between the two,
  While even Mr. Burbank can't,
  Transform a Bird into a Plant.

[Illustration: Burbank.]




The Crow. The Crocus.

[Illustration: The Crow. The Crocus.]


  Some are unable, as you know,
  To tell the Crocus from the Crow;
  The reason why is just be-caws
  They are not versed in Nature's laws.
  The noisy cawing Crows all come,
  Obedient to the Cro'custom,
  A large Crow Caw-cus to convoke.
  You never hear the Crocus croak!




The Clover. The Plover.

[Illustration: The Clover. The Plover.]


  The Plover and the Clover can be told apart with ease,
  By paying close attention to the habits of the Bees,
  For En-to-molo-gists aver, the Bee can be in Clover,
  While Ety-molo-gists concur, there is no B in Plover.




The Ole Gander. The Oleander.

[Illustration: The Ole Gander. The Oleander.]


  The Gander loves to promenade,
  Around the farmer's poultry yard,
  While as we see, the Oleander
  Is quite unable to meander:
  The Gardener tied it up indeed,
  Fearing that it might run to seed.




The Hen. The Lichen.

[Illustration: The Hen. The Lichen.]


  Lichens, regardless of conventions,
  Exist in only two dimensions,
  A life restricted to a plane,
  On rocks and stones a greenish stain,
  They live upon the simplest fare,
  A drop of dew, a breath of air.
  Contrast them with the greedy Hen,
  And her most careless regimen,
  She shuns the barren stones and rocks,
  And thrives upon the garbage box.




The Pelican. The Panicle.

[Illustration: The Pelican. The Panicle.]


  The Panicle and Pelican have often been confused,
  The letters which spell Pelican, in Panicle are used.
  If you recognize this Anagram you'll never go astray,
  Or make the careless blunder that was made by Mr. Gray.




The Pea. The Pewee.

[Illustration: The Pea. The Pewee.]


  To tell the Pewee from the Pea,
  Requires great per-spi-ca-city.
  Here in the pod we see the Pea,
  While perched close by is the Pewee;
  The Pea he hears the Pewee peep,
  While Pewee sees the wee Pea weep,
  There'll be but little time to see,
  How Pewee differs from the Pea.




The Parrot. The Carrot.

[Illustration: The Parrot. The Carrot.]


  The Parrot and the Carrot one may easily confound,
  They're very much alike in looks and similar in sound,
  We recognize the Parrot by his clear articulation,
  For Carrots are unable to engage in conversation.




The Rue. The Rooster.

[Illustration: The Rue. The Rooster.]


  When you awake at half-past-two,
  And hear a "Cock-a-doodle-doo,"
  No argument need then ensue,
  It is the Rooster, not the Rue,
  Which never thus disturbs our dreams,
  With ruthless rude nocturnal screams.
  We sleep less soundly than we used ter
  And love the Rue but rue the Rooster.




The Hawk. The Hollyhock.

[Illustration: The Hawk. The Hollyhock.]


  To recognize this bird-of-prey,
  The broody hen you should survey:
  She takes her chicks on daily walks,
  Among the neighboring Hollyhocks,
  While with the Hawk association,
  Is quite beyond her toleration.




The Pecan. The Toucan.

[Illustration: The Pecan. The Toucan.]


      Very few can
      Tell the Toucan
      From the Pecan--
      Here's a new plan:
  To take the Toucan from the tree,
  Requires im-mense a-gil-i-tee,
  While anyone can pick with ease
  The Pecans from the Pecan trees.
  It's such an easy thing to do,
  That even the Toucan he can too.




The Cat-bird. The Cat-nip.

[Illustration: The Cat-bird. The Cat-nip.]


  The Cat-bird's call resembles that
  Emitted by the Pussy Cat,
  While Cat-nip growing by the wall,
  Is never known to caterwaul:
  It's odor though attracts the Kits,
  And throws them in Cat-nip-tion fits.

[Illustration]




The Quail. The Kale.

[Illustration: The Quail. The Kale.]


  The California Quail is said
  To have a tail upon his head,
  While contrary-wise we style the Kale,
  A cabbage-head upon a tail.
  It is not hard to tell the two,
  The Quail commences with a queue.




The Auk. The Orchid.

[Illustration: The Auk. The Orchid.]


  We seldom meet, when out to walk,
  Either the Orchid or the Auk.
  The awk-ward Auk is only known
  To dwellers in the Auk-tic zone,
  While Orchids can be found in legions,
  Within the equatorial regions.
  So if by chance you travel on
  The Lena or the Am-a-zon,
  Be certain of the tem-pera-ture
  Or you will make mistakes I'm sure.




The Cow Bird. The Cowslip.

[Illustration: The Cow Bird. The Cowslip.]


  Although the Cow'slips on this plant,
  Suggest perhaps a ru-min-ant,
  One never sees the opening bud,
  Devour the grass or chew its cud.
  The Cowbird picture, I suspect,
  Is absolutely incorrect;
  We make such errors now and then,
  A sort of cow slip of the pen.




The Butter-ball. The Butter-cup.

[Illustration: The Butter-ball. The Butter-cup.]


  The little Butter-cup can sing,
  From morn 'till night like anything.
  The quacking of the Butter-ball,
  Cannot be called a song at all.
  We thus the flower may learn to know,
  Its song is reproduced below.

[Illustration]




The Roc. The Shamrock.

[Illustration: The Roc. The Shamrock.]


  Although I never took much stock,
  In Sinbad's yarn about the Roc,
  And really must confess I am
  Inclined to think the Roc a sham:
  Take notice that, the Sham-rock may
  Be seen upon St. Patrick's day.




A Sparrer. Asparagus.

[Illustration: A Sparrer. Asparagus.]


  Of the fall of the Sparrow we often have heard,
  And I've here represented the fall of the bird:
  In the case of Asparagus though, I may mention,
  A fall such as this, is quite out of the question:
  For observe that Asparagus, fat and well fed,
  Spends all of his time in the 'sparagus bed.




The Blue Mountain Lory. The Blue Morning Glory.

[Illustration: The Blue Mountain Lory. The Blue Morning Glory.]


    The Insects, to avoid surprise
  By Birds, sometimes themselves disguise
  As leaves and twigs, and thus escape
  The appetizing Insect's fate.
  Observe how cleverly this Vine
  Has forced its leaves and flowers to twine
  Themselves into a Bird design.
  And how it's artful turns and twists,
  Hides it from zealous Botanists.




The Tern. The Turnip.

[Illustration: The Tern. The Turnip.]


  To tell the Turnip from the Tern,
  A thing which everyone should learn,
  Observe the Tern up in the air,
  See how he turns, and now compare
  Him with this in-ert veg-et-able,
  Who thus to turn is quite unable,
  For he is rooted to the spot,
  While as we see, the Tern is not:
  He is not always doomed to be
  Thus bound to earth e-_tern_-ally
  For "cooked to a tern" may be inferred,
  To change the Turnip to a bird.

[Illustration]

  Observe the Turnip in the Pot.
  The Tern is glad that he is not!




The Larks. The Larkspur.

[Illustration: The Larks. The Larkspur.]


  You must not make ad-verse remarks,
  About my drawing of the Larks.
  For, by the minor poet's lore
  The Larks--per-pet-ually soar.
  While Larkspurs, bordering garden walks,
  Are perched securely on their stalks.




Cross Bill. Sweet William.

[Illustration: Cross Bill. Sweet William.]


  Nobody but an imbecile
  Mistakes Sweet William for Cross Bill:
  And even I can scarcely claim,
  The skill to make them look the same.
  Some other shrubs and vines and trees,
  Express emotion much like these,
  You've seen the mad-wort plant I guess,
  And weeping willows and sigh-press,
  The passion-flower, at it's climax,
  The glad-iolus and the smile-ax.




The Ibis. The 'Ibiscus.

[Illustration: The Ibis. The 'Ibiscus.]


  The sacred Ibis, one might say,
  Was classified a "Bird-of-Pray"
  His body, after death, was dried,
  Embalmed in pitch, and mummyfied,
  And thus was handed down to us
  In some old King's sarcophagus.
  The Mallow, growing in the bogs,
  ('Ibiscus termed by pedagogues)
  Is much opposed to dessication,
  And bears no marks of veneration.




The Pipe. The Snipe.

[Illustration: The Pipe. The Snipe.]


  Observe the hybrid Indian Pipe,
  Likewise the high-bred English Snipe,
  Who is distinguished, as we see,
  By his superior pedigree.


[Illustration:
  Two crosses botonny
  Bend sinister]

[Illustration:
  Fess Argent
  Mantlets Sable]




The Jay. The Bay.

[Illustration: The Jay. The Bay.]


  The Blue Jay, as we clearly see,
  Is so much like the green Bay tree
  That one might say the only clue,
  Lies in their dif-fer-ence of hue,
  And if you have a color sense,
  You'll see at once this difference.




The Gent-ians. The Lady-bird.

[Illustration: The Gent-ians. The Lady-bird.]


  The reason why this beetle gay,
  Is called the Lady-bird, they say,
  Is just because he wastes his hours,
  In running after pretty flowers,
  Who, quite regardless of conventions,
  Most openly invite attentions.
  (And hence are aptly termed the Gent-ians.)




Puffin. Nuffin.

[Illustration: Puffin. Nuffin.]


  Upon this cake of ice is perched,
    The paddle-footed Puffin:
  To find his double I have searched,
    But have discovered--Nuffin'.




The Bee. The Beet. The Beetle.

[Illustration: The Bee. The Beet. The Beetle.]


  Good Mr. Darwin once contended
  That Beetles were from Bees descended,
  And as my pictures show I think
  The Beet must be the missing link.
  The sugar-beet and honey-bee
  Supply the Beetle's pedigree:
  The family is now complete,--
  The Bee, the Beetle and the Beet.




The Bunny. The Tunny.

[Illustration: The Bunny. The Tunny.]


  The superficial naturalists have often been misled,
  By failing to discriminate between the tail and head:
  It really is unfortunate such carelessness prevails,
  Because the Bunnies have their heads where Tunnies have their tails.




The Puss. The Octo-pus.

[Illustration: The Puss. The Octo-pus.]


  The Octopus or Cuttle-fish!
  I'm sure that none of us would wish
  To have him scuttle 'round the house,
  Like Puss, when she espies a mouse:
  When _you_ secure your house-hold pet,
  Be very sure you do not get
  The Octopus, or there may be
  Domestic in-_felis_-ity.




The Eel. The Eelephant.

[Illustration: The Eel. The Eelephant.]


  The marked aversion which we feel,
  When in the presence of the Eel,
  Makes many view with consternation,
  The Elephant's front ele-vation.
  Such folly must be clearly due
  To their peculiar point of view.




The Ant. The Pheas-ant.

[Illustration: The Ant. The Pheas-ant.]


  The ant is known by his ant-ennae,
  Where-as the pheas-ant has'nt any,
  And that is why he wears instead,
  A small red cap upon his head:
  Without his Fez, indeed the pheasant,
  Would be quite bald and quite un-pleasant.




The Hare. The Harrier.

[Illustration: The Hare. The Harrier.]


  The Harrier, harassed by the Hare,
  Presents a picture of despair;
  Although as far as I'm concerned,
  I love to see the tables turned.
  The Harrier flies with all his might,
  It is a harum-scare'm flight:
  I'm not surprised he does not care
  To meet the fierce pursuing Hare.




The Pen-guin. The Sword-fish.

[Illustration: The Pen-guin. The Sword-fish.]


  We have for many years been bored
  By that old saw about the sword
  And pen, and now we all rejoice,
  To see how Nature made her choice:
  She made, regardless of offendin',
  The Sword-fish mightier than the Penguin.




The Gnu. The Newt.

[Illustration: The Gnu. The Newt.]


  The Gnu conspicuously wears
  His coat of gnumerous bristling hairs,
  While, as we see, the modest Newt
  Of such a coat is destitute.
  (I'm only telling this to you,
  And it is strictly "entre gnu")
  In point of fact the Newt is nude,
  And therefore he does not obtrude,
  But hides in some secluded gnook,
  Beneath the surface of the brook.
  It's almost more than he can bear,
  To issue slyly from his lair,
  And snatch a hasty breath of air,
  His need of which is absolute,
  Because, you see, he is a pneu-t.[A]


[Illustration]

[Footnote A:
  This word, of _air_ is emblematic,
  Greek, "pneumos"--air--compare Pneumatic.]




The Ray. The Raven.

[Illustration: The Ray. The Raven.]


  I always sing the hymn of hate,
  When I perceive the Ray (or skate)
  His ugly mouth I can't abide,
  His eyes are on the other side,
  His features are all out of place
  He hasn't even any face.
  I do not mind the Raven, though
  Maligned by Edgar Allan Poe:
  By his fun-er-ial array
  We recognize him from the Ray,
  Whose epiderm is white as snow,
  Not black as night, like Mr Crow.
  Though black, morose, and quite unshaven
  I'm sure we all prefer the Raven.

[Illustration]




The Ape. The Grape.

[Illustration: The Ape. The Grape.
  To see her shape,
  Invert the Ape!]


  The Apes, from whom we are descended,
  Hang ape-x down from trees suspended,
  And since we find them in the trees,
  We term them arbor-ig-i-nes.
  This quite explains the monkey-shines
  Cut up by those who pluck from vines
  The Grape, and then subject its juices,
  To Bacchanalian abuses.




The Doe. The Dodo.

[Illustration: The Doe. The Dodo.]


  The Doe and her phonetic double,
  No longer are a source of trouble,
  Because the Dodo, it appears,
  Has been extinct for many years:
  _She_ was too haughty to embark,
  With total strangers in Noah's ark,
  And we rejoice because her pride,
  Our nature book has simplified.




The Pipe-fish. The Sea-gar.

[Illustration: The Pipe-fish. The Sea-gar.]


  To smoke a herring is to make
    A most lam-_en_-table mistake,
  Particularly since there are
    The pipe-fish and the long Sea-gar.
  Bear this in mind when next you wish
    To smoke your after-dinner fish.




The Elk. The Whelk.

[Illustration: The Elk. The Whelk.]


  A roar of welkome through the welkin
  Is certain proof you'll find the Elk in;
  But if you listen to the shell,
  In which the Whelk is said to dwell,
  And hear a roar, beyond a doubt
  It indicates the Whelk is out.




The P-Cock. The Q-Cumber.

[Illustration: The P-Cock. The Q-Cumber.]


  The striking similarity of this P-Q-liar pair,
  No longer need en-cumber us, or fill us with despair:
  The P-Cock and the Q-Cumber you never need confuse,
  If you pay attention to the Eyes and mind your P's and Q's.

[Illustration]




The Sloe. The Sloth.

[Illustration: The Sloe. The Sloth.]


  See what a fix the Sloth is in,
  He has been captured by the gin:
  This gin is not the same gin though,
  In which we sometimes find the Sloe.
  This shows how careful one must be,
  To treat the gin most gingerly.




The Cow. The Cowry.

[Illustration: The Cow. The Cowry.]


  The Cowry seems to be, somehow,
  A sort of mouth-piece for the Cow:
  A speaking likeness one might say,
  Which I've endeavored to portray.




The Antelope. The Cantelope.

[Illustration: The Antelope. The Cantelope.]


  If you will tap the Cantelope reposing on the ground
  It will not move, but just emit a melon-choly sound
  But if you try this method on the antlered antelope,
  His departure will convince you that he is a mis-an-thrope.




The Pansy. The Chim-pansy.

[Illustration: The Pansy. The Chim-pansy.]


  Observe how Nature's necromancies
  Have clearly painted on the Pansies,
  These almost human counten-ances,
  In yellow, blue and black nu-ances.
  The face however seems to me
  To be that of the Chim-pan-zee:
  A fact that makes the gentle Pansy,
  Appeal no longer to my fancy.




Naught. Nautilus.

[Illustration: Naught. Nautilus.]


  The Argo-naut or Nautilus,
  With habits quite adventurous,
  A com-bin-a-tion of a snail,
  A jelly-fish and paper sail.
  The parts of him that did not jell,
  Are packed securely in his shell.
  It is not strange that when I sought
  To find his double, I found Naught.