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CANADIAN POSTAL GUIDE:

CONTAINING THE

CHIEF REGULATIONS OF THE POST OFFICE,

THE RATES OF POSTAGE,

EVERY INFORMATION IN REGARD TO MONEY ORDERS,



COMPILED BY JOHN DEWÉ,
POST OFFICE INSPECTOR.



Published with the permission of the Postmaster General.

[Illustration:  Coat of arms]

PRICE 25 CENTS.

TORONTO:
R. & A. MILLER, 62, KING STREET;
AND 60, ST. FRANCOIS XAVIER STREET, MONTREAL.
AND FOR SALE AT THE BOOK STORES.

1863.





TORONTO:

PRINTED BY LOVELL AND GIBSON, YONGE STREET.

Reprinted 1966

DEV-SCO PUBLICATIONS LIMITED
2345 MONTÉE ST. AUBIN
CHOMEDEY, LAVAL, P.Q.


This Canadian Postal Guide is being reprinted with the hope that Postal
Historians and Collectors of Canadian stamps will benefit greatly from
the information contained therein.

CHARLES P. DEVOLPI




PREFACE.


The principal object of this little work is the dissemination of
information in regard to the Canadian Postal Service. It is published
with the kind permission of the Postmaster General, and it is hoped will
be useful to the public as well as conducive to the interests of the
Post Office.

The short and imperfect sketch of the progress of the post office in
Canada, which has been compiled from authentic sources, will be found
interesting. It extends over a period of one hundred years, and serves
to mark a rapidity of improvement which, in a country purely
agricultural, has seldom been surpassed.

As the regulations of the post office are subject to constant change, it
is proposed to issue new editions of the Canadian Postal Guide, revised
and corrected to the latest date, half-yearly, or yearly, as
circumstances may appear to require.

Toronto, January, 1863.



CONTENTS.


								  Page

A Few Facts about the Post Office in Canada                          9

Chief Officers of the Department at Quebec                          15

Post Office Inspectors                                              15

Postal Divisions                                                    16

RULES AND REGULATIONS:
  Officers                                                          17
  Post Office                                                       17
  Office Hours                                                      18
  Mails                                                             18
  Rates of Postage on Letters                                       19
  Soldiers' and Seamen's Letters                                    20
  Rates of Postage on Newspapers                                    21
  Periodical Publications                                           24
  Book Post                                                         25
  Printed Papers, Prices Current, Hand Bills, &c.                   26
  Printed Votes and Proceedings of the Imperial Parliament
    and Colonial Legislatures                                       27
  Parcel Post                                                       27
  Franking and Free Letters                                         28
  Abating and Refunding Postage                                     28
  Undelivered and Dead Letters                                      29
  Registration                                                      30
  Postage Stamps                                                    30
  Money Orders                                                      31

General Regulations                                                 33

Suggestions to the Public                                           34

Rates of Postage from Canada to British Colonies and Foreign
 Countries, by Canadian Ocean Steamers                              36

Rates of Postage from Canada to British Colonies, &c., by
  Cunard Steamers                                                   39

  Do.    do.   do.    by the United States                          40




A FEW FACTS ABOUT THE POST OFFICE IN CANADA.

COMPILED FROM AUTHENTIC SOURCES.


The earliest records of the administration of the post office in Canada
bear date 1750, at which period the celebrated Benjamin Franklin was
Deputy Postmaster General of North America. At the time of his
appointment the revenue of the department was insufficient to defray his
salary of £300 per annum; but under his judicious management not only
was the postal accommodation in the Provinces considerably extended, but
the revenue so greatly increased, that ere long the profit for one year,
which he remitted to the British treasury, amounted to £3000.

In the evidence given by Franklin before the British House of Commons in
the year 1766, in regard to the extent of the post office accommodation
in North America, he made the following statement:--

"The posts generally travel along the sea coasts, and only in a few
cases do they go back into the country. Between Quebec and Montreal
there is only one post per month. The inhabitants live so scattered and
remote from each other in that vast country that the posts cannot be
supported amongst them. The English colonies, too, along the frontier
are very thinly settled."

Franklin was removed in 1774. War broke out a few months afterwards
between the North American Provinces and the Mother Country; and the
charge of the post office in Canada was assumed by Mr. Hugh Finlay, who,
it appears, had under Franklin performed the duties of postmaster at
Quebec.

Mr. Finlay is designated in his commission as Deputy Postmaster General
of His Majesty's "Province of Canada," from which it would seem that the
Lower Provinces were not included in his charge.

An Almanac published in Quebec in the year 1791 thus describes the
condition of the Department:--

  Hugh Finlay, Esq., Deputy Postmaster General  Quebec,            L. C.
  Wm. E. Edwards, Postmaster                    Montreal,            "
  Samuel Sills,       "                         Three Rivers,        "
  Louis Aime,         "                         Berthier,            "
  Hugh Munroe,        "                         Bai edes Chaleurs,   "
  Samuel Anderson,    "                         Cornwall,          U. C.
  John Munroe,        "                         Matilda,             "
  John Jones,         "                         Augusta,             "
  Peter Clarke,       "                         Kingston,            "
  Joseph Edwards,     "                         Niagara,             "
  George Leitch,      "                         Detroit,             "
  ---- Mitchell       "                         Mickelmackinac,      "


There were thus five post offices in Lower Canada, and seven post
offices in Upper Canada.

Between Quebec and England mails were despatched once per month; between
Quebec and Halifax, twice per week in summer, and once per week in
winter; between Quebec and Montreal, twice per week; and between
Montreal and the offices above Montreal, once per month; between Quebec
and Baie des Chaleurs mails were despatched "as occasion offered."

In the year 1792, 1793, and 1794, the mail was carried once per month
between Montreal and Kingston by a French Canadian named Morisette;
between Kingston and York it was carried by Alex. Anderson; and between
York and Niagara by a Mohawk Indian. The rate of travel was probably
about 20 miles per day; the route being either by a path through the
woods or along the shores of the River St. Lawrence and Lake Ontario: no
regular road having been at that time in existence.

In the summer season the mail was carried between Kingston and Niagara
by the Government vessels,--

       Caldwell,
       Mohawk,
       Oneida, and
       Speedy.

Between Canandaigua, in the State of New York, and Niagara, the mail was
carried once per week at a cost of $200 per annum.

In the year 1796 there were precisely the same number of offices, and
generally the same amount of mail accommodation, as in in 1791.

Mr. Finlay was succeeded in the year 1800 by Mr. George Heriot. In 1803
Upper Canada had 8 post offices, but the mails were not more frequent
than in 1791. In 1804 there were in Lower Canada 5 post offices; in
Upper Canada, 9; in Nova Scotia, 6; in Cape Breton, 1; in Prince
Edward's Island, 1; in New Brunswick, 4.

The late Mr. Wood, who filled the office of postmaster of Cornwall for
many years, thus describes the condition of the department in the Upper
Canada Province about the year 1807:--

      "When I first took charge of the post office in this place the
      mail was carried from Quebec to Amherstburg on the back of an
      old Canadian pedestrian; he performed his trip once in three
      months, and his arrival was hailed with joy by the then
      contented and loyal inhabitants throughout the country."

The following is a copy of a somewhat curious advertisement which appears in
the <i>Upper Canada Gazette</i>, published in the year 1807:--

      "The mail for Upper Canada will be despatched from the post
      office at Montreal, on the following days, to wit:

         "Monday, 14th January.
         "Monday, 12th February.
         "Monday, 10th March.
         "Monday, 7th April--the last trip.

      "A courier from Kingston may be looked for here in 14 or 15
      days from the above periods, where he will remain 2 or 3 days,
      and then return to Kingston.

      "Another courier will proceed from this with the Niagara mail,
      <i>viâ</i> Messrs. Hatts, where the Sandwich letters will be left,
      both from Niagara and this 'till the courier comes from there
      to return with them.

      "Letters put into the post office will be forwarded at any
      time by

      "W. ALLAN,
      "Acting Deputy Postmaster."

There are in existence several commissions issued by Mr. Heriot to
postmasters in Nova Scotia, in which he signs himself Deputy Postmaster
General for the Province of Upper and Lower Canada, Nova Scotia, and New
Brunswick, and their dependencies. It would appear therefore, at all
events, that during a portion of his term of office he had supervision
of all the posts in those colonies.

Mr. Heriot was succeeded in the year 1816 by Mr. Daniel Sutherland, who,
on his accession to office, found Nova Scotia and Prince Edward's Island
wholly withdrawn from the Canada charge. New Brunswick, however,
continued to be included in it. The postmasters in that Province being
commissioned at Quebec and accounting to the Deputy Postmaster General
there.

In the year 1817 Lower Canada had 13 post offices; Upper Canada, 12;
Nova Scotia, 6; New Brunswick, 3; Prince Edward's Island, 1. In this
year the mails were running between Quebec and Halifax once a fortnight,
all the year round; between Quebec and Kingston, once a week; between
Kingston and Toronto, once a week; and between Toronto and Amherstburg,
once a fortnight.

In the year 1820 there were in Lower Canada 20 post offices; in Upper
Canada, 19; in Nova Scotia, 6; in New Brunswick, 3; in Prince Edward's
Island, 1.

In 1824 there were in Upper and Lower Canada 69 post offices, and 1992
miles of established mail routes. The annual travel of the mail was
370,000 miles. The gross revenue was $68,000; and the revenue
transmitted to England, after deducting $1200, the supposed surplus for
New Brunswick, $21,000. At this time the population of Lower Canada was
about 440,000, and of Upper Canada 150,000.

In this year Mr. Sutherland was succeeded, as Deputy Postmaster General,
by Mr. Thos. A. Stayner, and shortly after was effected the separation
of nearly the whole of New Brunswick from the Canada charge.

Under the long and able administration of Mr. Stayner, extending from
the year 1824 to 1851, postal accommodation was greatly extended
throughout Upper and Lower Canada.

In 1827 there were 101 post offices and 2368 miles of established post
route. The annual transportation of the mail was 455,000 miles. The
estimated number of letters passing through the post in the year was
340,000; the estimated number of papers, 400,000.

In the year 1832 the Duke of Richmond, then Postmaster General, proposed
a re-modification of the post office throughout British North America.
An Act was prepared with this object, but the attempt to pass it through
the several Legislatures failed, and of all the plans that had been
contemplated only two were carried into effect, namely, the
establishment of an Accountant's Office and the appointment of Local
Inspectors.

The attention of the Legislature of Upper Canada was, about this time,
frequently turned to the post office, which still continued under the
Imperial control. Committees were appointed and reports made, in which
the transfer of the management of the department to the Colonial
Government was strongly urged.

In the year 1837 a joint address from the Legislative Council and
Assembly was adopted, praying that the revenue produced by the post
office in the Colonies should no longer be remitted to England. This
address was referred to the Lords of the Treasury, and by them referred
to Lord Durham, on the ground that some general measure was required to
carry its prayer into effect. Nothing, however, was done until some
years afterwards towards the accomplishment of this end.

A large and steady increase continued to take place yearly in the
business and revenue of the post office. In 1838 there were 380 post
offices, and 5486 miles of established post route. The annual
transportation of the mail was 1,345,000 miles; the estimated number of
letters carried, 1,000,000; the estimated number of newspapers,
1,250,000; and the gross revenue, $146,000.

The following extract from the Quebec <i>Mercury</i>, published on the 18th
July, 1829, conveys some idea of the postal communication with England
at that period:--

      "No later advices have been received from Europe since our
      last. Some further extracts from the London papers, to 31st
      May inclusive, brought to New York by the 'Corinthian,' will
      be found in another part of this number."

The following extract from the Montreal <i>Courant</i>, of September 2, 1829,
describes the improvement which had at that date been effected in the
postal communication between that city and Prescott:--

      "Expeditious Travelling.--On Saturday last the Upper Canada
      line of stages performed the journey from Prescott to this
      city in about 17 hours, leaving the former place at a little
      before 3 A.M., and arriving here a few minutes before 8 in the
      evening. Not many years ago this journey occupied two and
      sometimes three days, but owing to the great improvements made
      by Mr. Dickinson, the enterprising proprietor, by putting
      steam boats on the Lakes St. Francis and St. Louis, and
      keeping his horses in excellent condition, it is now performed
      in little more than one-third of the time."

The following advertisement, which appeared in the year 1833 in the
<i>Colonial Advocate</i>, published at Queenston by the late Mr. W. L.
Mackenzie, will give some idea of the postal facilities in the Upper
Province at that period:--

      "POST RIDER WANTED IMMEDIATELY.

      "The proprietor of this newspaper wishes to contract with a
      steady man (who can find and uphold his own horse), to deliver
      it to the subscribers once a week during the winter, on the
      route between York and Niagara <i>viâ</i> Ancaster."

Regular steam communication was established across the Atlantic in the
year 1841, and about that time the rate of postage on letters between
any part of Canada and any part of the United Kingdom was, on the
recommendation of Mr. Stayner, reduced to a uniform charge of 1s. 2d.
sterling, per half ounce. Thus, it is believed, was first recognized the
principle of a uniform rate of postage--irrespective of distance--which
has since been so universally adopted.

In 1848 there were 539 post offices and 6895 miles of post route; the
annual transportation of the mail was 2,225,000 miles; the estimated
number of letters carried in a year 2,000,000; and the gross revenue
$260,000.

On the 6th April, 1851, was effected the transfer of the post office in
Canada from the control of the Imperial authorities, to the Colonial
Government. Mr. Stayner retired from office, and the Hon. James Morris,
the first Canadian Postmaster General, assumed charge of the department.

In 1851 postage, which had previously been charged according to the
distance the letter was carried, which it was computed averaged 15 cents
on each letter, was reduced to a uniform charge of 5 cents per 1/2 oz.,
the decrease being equivalent to 2/3 or 66-2/3 per cent. on the former
rate. A very considerable reduction was also effected in the rate of
postage on newspapers. The increase in the number of letters transmitted
through the post, within a year after the reduction of the rate, was 75
per cent. Several improvements, including the introduction of postage
stamps, were effected in this year, and the operations of the department
greatly extended.

On the 31st March, 1853, the Hon. James Morris was succeeded as
Postmaster General by the Hon. Malcolm Cameron. At the latter end of
this year and the beginning of the year following the conveyance of the
mails was transferred to the Northern Railway between Toronto and
Bradford, and to the Great Western Railway between Suspension Bridge and
Windsor. The Hon. Malcolm Cameron was succeeded by the Hon. Robert
Spence, who assumed charge of the department on the 11th September,
1854. In February, 1855, the money order system was first introduced
into Canada. The system was at first confined to 84 post offices: it now
embraces within its operations 229 offices. The month of May, 1856, was
marked by the first voyage to the St. Lawrence of the line of Canadian
Steamers, under contract with Hugh Allan, Esq., of Montreal, for the
conveyance of the mails between Quebec and Liverpool in summer, and
Portland and Liverpool in winter. In October, 1856, the Grand Trunk
Railway, which had previously been completed as far westward as
Brockville, was opened from the latter point to Toronto, and, in
connection with the Great Western Railway, an unbroken line of postal
communication established between Quebec in the east, and Windsor in the
west. The following statement of the time occupied in the transit of a
letter in winter between Quebec and the principal cities and towns in
Western Canada, in 1853 and in 1857, will give some idea of the
improvement effected:--

                          In 1853.      In 1857.

  Quebec to Windsor     10-1/2 days.    49 hours.
     "      London       9      "       45   "
     "      Hamilton     8      "       42   "
     "      Niagara      8      "       50   "
     "      Guelph       9      "       51   "
     "      Toronto      7      "       40   "
     "      Cobourg      6      "       36   "
     "      Belleville   5      "       34   "
     "      Kingston     4      "       31   "
     "      Brockville   3      "       29   "
     "      Ottawa       3      "       24   "

In August, 1857, the exemption of postage on newspapers was confined to
newspapers transmitted from the office of publication to regular
subscribers--all other newspapers being made liable to charge. On the
1st February, 1858, Mr. Spence retired from office, and was succeeded as
Postmaster General by the Hon. Sidney Smith. In May, 1857, the Canadian
Ocean Steamers, under contract with Mr. Hugh Allan, commenced a weekly
service between Quebec and Liverpool in summer, and Portland and
Liverpool in winter. These steamers, and the Grand Trunk Railway,
between Portland and Quebec on the east, and Detroit on the west, which
was completed a few month afterwards, have made Canada one of the great
postal as well as commercial highways between Europe and the Western
States. Closed mails are now carried under treaties with the several
governments with regularity and despatch.

In July, 1859, postage was re-imposed on newspapers sent from the office
of publication to regular subscribers. Postage rates were computed in
dollars and cents; and letters addressed to any place in Canada, if
posted unpaid, were subjected to an additional rate of two cents per
half ounce. A large augmentation continued to take place in every
department of the post office; the mails carried by the Ocean Steamers,
especially, rapidly increased. The four mails of January, 1862, carried
30,000 letters from Canada, and brought 31,000 letters to the
Province--a number far beyond the previous average of a mid-winter
month. In May, 1862, Mr. Smith resigned his office, and was succeeded by
the Hon. M. H. Foley, who now presides over the department.

The following statement will convey some idea of the rapid growth of the
postal system in this Province, since the transfer to the control of the
Colonial Government, in 1851:--

      KEY:
        A: No. of Post Offices.
        B: Number of miles of Post Route.
        C: Number of miles of annual Mail Travel.
        D: No. of letters carried by post per annum.
        E: Number of Registered Letters.
        F: Gross Revenue.
        G: Expenditure, exclusive of Railway Mail payments.

-----+------+--------+-----------+-----------+---------+----------+----------+
Year.|  A   |    B   |     C     |     D     |    E    |     F    |    G     |
-----+------+--------+-----------+-----------+---------+----------+----------+
1851 |  601 |   7595 | 2,487,000 | 2,132,000 |         |          |          |
1852 |  840 |   8618 | 2,930,000 | 3,700,000 |   ...   | $230,629 | $276,191 |
1853 | 1016 |   9122 | 3,430,000 | 4,250,000 |   ...   |  278,587 |  298,723 |
1854 | 1166 | 10,027 | 4,000,000 | 5,100,000 |   ...   |  320,000 |  361,447 |
1855 | 1293 | 11,192 | 4,550,000 | 6,000,000 |   ...   |  368,166 |  449,726 |
1856 | 1375 | 11,839 | 4,800,000 | 7,000,000 | 350,000 |  374,295 |  486,880 |
1857 | 1506 | 13,253 | 5,383,000 | 8,500,000 | 450,000 |  462,163 |  522,570 |
1858 | 1566 | 13,000 | 5,520,000 | 9,000,000 | 450,000 |  541,153 |  546,374 |
1859 | 1638 | 13,871 | 5,604,000 | 8,500,000 | 400,000 |  578,426 |  529,290 |
1860 | 1698 | 14,202 | 5,712,000 | 9,000,000 | 480,000 |  658,451 |  534,681 |
1861 | 1775 | 14,608 | 5,855,000 | 9,400,000 | 400,000 |  698,888 |  560,132 |
-----+------+--------+-----------+-----------+---------+----------+----------+


Of the 9,400,000 letters passing by post in 1861, the seven cities
supplied 4,250,000; as follows:--

  Quebec                         1,000,000
  Montreal                       1,400,000
  Kingston                         210,000
  Ottawa                           160,000
  Toronto                          900,000
  Hamilton                         350,000
  London                           230,000

Of the gross receipts collected in 1861, $628,000 was derived from
letter postage, and $70,000 from postage on newspapers.




PRINCIPAL OFFICERS OF THE DEPARTMENT
AT QUEBEC.


Postmaster General:
THE HON. M. H. FOLEY.

Deputy Postmaster General:
WILLIAM H. GRIFFIN, ESQ.

Accountant:
H. A. WICKSTEED, ESQ.

Secretary:
WILLIAM WHITE, ESQ.

Superintendent of Money Order Department:
P. LeSUEUR, ESQ.

Cashier:
JOHN ASHWORTH, ESQ.



INSPECTORS.


  W. G. SHEPPARD, ESQ.                 Quebec Division.
  E. F. KING, ESQ.                     Montreal   "
  M. SWEETNAM, ESQ.                    Kingston   "
  JOHN DEWÉ, ESQ.                      Toronto    "
  GILBERT E. GRIFFIN, ESQ.             London     "


<i>The Counties comprised in each Division are given on the next page.</i>




POSTAL DIVISIONS.

The following are the Counties in the several Postal Divisions:--


  QUEBEC DIVISION.

  Arthabaska.            Kamouraska.             Quebec.
  Beauce.                Levis.                  Richmond--Townships
  Bellechasse.           L'Islet.                    of Kingsey and
  Bonaventure.           Lotbinière.                 Shipton only.
  Champlain.             Megantic.               Rimouski.
  Charlevoix.            Montmagny.              Saguenay.
  Chicoutimi.            Montmorency.            Temiscouata.
  Dorchester.            Nicolet.                Wolf.
  Gaspé.                 Portneuf.


  MONTREAL DIVISION.

  Argenteuil.            L'Assomption.           St. Hyacinthe.
  Bagot.                 Laval.                  St. Johns.
  Beauharnois.           Maskinongé.             St. Maurice.
  Berthier.              Missisquoi.             Shefford.
  Brome.                 Montcalm.               Sherbrooke.
  Chambly.               Montreal (City.)        Sherkrooke--(Town and
  Chateauguay.           Napierville                 two Townships.)
  Compton.               Ottawa.                 Soulanges.
  Drummond.              Pontiac.                Stanstead.
  Hochelaga.             Richelieu.              Terrebonne.
  Huntingdon.            Richmond--except        Two Mountains.
  Iberville.                 Townships of        Vaudreuil.
  Jacques Cartier.           Kingsey and         Verchères.
  Joliette.                  Shipton.            Yamaska.
  Laprarie.              Rouville.


  KINGSTON DIVISION.

  Addington.             Hastings.               Prescott.
  Carleton.              Lanark.                 Prince Edward.
  Dundas.                Leeds.                  Renfrew.
  Frontenac.             Lenox.                  Russell.
  Glengary.              Northumberland.         Stormont.
  Grenville.             Peterboro'.


  TORONTO DIVISION.

  Bruce.                 Ontario.                Waterloo.
  Durham.                Peel.                   Wellington.
  Grey.                  Simcoe.                 York.
  Halton.                Victoria.


LONDON DIVISION.


  Brant.                 Kent.                   Oxford.
  Elgin.                 Lambton.                Perth.
  Essex.                 Lincoln.                Welland.
  Haldimand.             Middlesex.              Wentworth.
  Huron.                 Norfolk.




CANADIAN POSTAL GUIDE.

Rules and Regulations.


<tb>


OFFICERS.


[Sidenote: Age.]

No person under sixteen years of age is permitted to hold any situation
in the Post office, to have access to the letters or papers, or is
allowed to have charge of the mail.


[Sidenote: Oath or declaration.]

On entering the service of the Post office it is necessary to make an
oath or declaration in the prescribed form before a Magistrate; and no
person can be permitted to perform any official duty until this oath or
declaration is signed. The following is the form of oath or declaration:

  I, <i>(Name of person and capacity in which employed, to be inserted
  here.)</i> do solemnly and sincerely promise and <i>(swear or affirm)</i>
  that I will faithfully perform all the duties required of me by my
  employment in the service of the Post Office, and will abstain from
  everything forbidden by the Laws for the Establishment and Government
  of the Post Office Department in Canada.--So Help me God.

  This <i>(oath or affirmation)</i> was taken and }
  subscribed before me, the        day       }
  of      186                               }
                       ______________, <i>J.P.</i>}


<tb>


POST OFFICE.


[Sidenote: Sign.]

The words "Post Office," in large and conspicuous letters, should be
exhibited outside every building in which a Post Office is kept.


[Sidenote: Letter Box.]

A Letter Box should also be fixed, with an opening accessible from the
road or street, the words "Letter Box" being painted over the same in
plain legible characters.


[Sidenote: Separate office.]

A separate office or apartment, conveniently fitted up for the purpose,
should be provided by the postmaster for conducting the business
wherever the duties are sufficiently extensive or important to require
such accommodation. The internal fittings of the office should vary
according to the nature of the duties.


[Sidenote: Lobby.]

At every principal office there should be a lobby or standing place
within doors for the accommodation of parties applying at the office.


[Sidenote: Where separate office not required.]

Where the Postmaster General may consider that a separate room may be
dispensed with, the letters and papers, both for delivery and despatch,
are to be kept in a secure place, and, if practicable, under lock and
key.


[Sidenote: Bar-room not to be used.]

A bar-room or public room in a tavern is never to be made use of as a
post office, nor should the entrance to a post office be through a
bar-room.


[Sidenote: Unauthorized persons.]

No person except the postmaster or his sworn assistant should, on any
pretence whatever, be allowed to have access to the letters and papers
in a post office.


[Sidenote: Situation.]

A Post Office should be in a convenient and central situation, and must
not be removed from one part of a town, village, or settlement, to
another without the approval first obtained of the Postmaster General.


[Sidenote: Protection.]

Postmasters are required to take every precaution to secure their
offices against burglary and fire.


<tb>


OFFICE HOURS.


[Sidenote: Principal offices.]

At the principal Post Offices in Canada the hours of opening and closing
are regulated by the Postmaster General.


[Sidenote: Country offices.]

In country places Postmasters are required to keep their offices open
during the usual hours of business in the locality, and to attend at
such other hours as may be necessary to receive and despatch the mails.


[Sidenote: Sundays, Canada West.]

On Sundays Postmasters in Canada West are at liberty to close their
offices to the public.

When an office in Canada West is closed to the public on Sunday it must
be closed to all persons alike, and no exceptional or partial delivery
to particular persons can be allowed.


[Sidenote: Sundays, Canada East.]

In Canada East, Postmasters keep their offices open on Sundays at least
one hour either before or after Divine Service, as may be most
convenient to the public generally.


[Sidenote: Notice of hours.]

A Notice, stating the hours at which the office is opened and closed,
should be posted in every office, in such a position as may be readily
observed by the public.


<tb>


MAILS.


[Sidenote: Canada railways.]

Mails are conveyed twice each way every day, except Sunday, over the
principal lines of railway in Canada. Over the less important lines of
railway they are carried only once each way every day, except Sunday.


[Sidenote: Canada common roads.]

Mails are also conveyed once each way every day, except Sunday, over the
principal lines of common road, and once, twice, or three times per week
over the less important lines of common road.


[Sidenote: Lower Provinces.]

The postal communication between Canada and the Lower Provinces is three
times per week each way <i>viâ</i> Quebec, and once per fortnight each way by
Cunard Steamers <i>viâ</i> Boston and Halifax. Also twice per week each way
in summer <i>viâ</i> Portland.


[Sidenote: Postal routes to the several portions of the world].

The most speedy and direct postal route from Canada to almost every
portion of the globe, with the exception of the Continent of North
America, the Isthmus of Panama, and a portion of the West India Islands
having direct communication with New York, is by way of England, from
whence mails for the several British Colonies and Foreign Countries
mentioned in the tables at pages 36, 37, 38, and 39, are regularly
despatched.


[Sidenote: Do. to North American Continent, Isthmus of Panama, W.
Indies, &c.]

The most speedy and direct postal route from Canada to all parts of the
Continent of North America, the Isthmus of Panama, and a portion of the
West India Islands having direct communication with New York, is <i>viâ</i>
New York.


[Sidenote: Mails for England.]

Mails for England are despatched twice in each week from Canada, viz.:
once by Canadian Steamer sailing every Saturday, from Quebec in Summer
and from Portland in Winter; and once by Cunard Steamer, sailing every
Wednesday, either from New York or Boston.

The following Post Offices in Canada make up mails direct for certain
Post Offices in the United Kingdom, viz.:--

  Hamilton,          Montreal,
  Toronto,           Quebec.
  Kingston,


[Sidenote: Mails for United States.]

Mails are exchanged daily with the United States post offices at all the
principal frontier points, and closed mails are exchanged daily between
the principal cities of Canada and New York and Boston.


[Sidenote: Mails for Lower Provinces.]

Mails are also made up at Quebec, Montreal, and Toronto, for Halifax,
Nova Scotia, and for St. John's, Newfoundland, and despatched to
destination by Cunard Steamer, sailing from Boston, every alternate
Wednesday.


<tb>


RATES OF POSTAGE ON LETTERS.


[Sidenote: Canada and other parts of B. N. America.]

The rate of Postage on <i>pre-paid</i> Letters between any place in Canada
and any other place in Canada, and on <i>pre-paid</i> or <i>unpaid</i> letters
between any place in Canada and any place in British North America
(except places hereafter mentioned), including Nova Scotia, New
Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and Cape Breton, is regulated by
weight, irrespective of distance, and is as follows:--

[Sidenote: Scale of charge.]

  On a letter weighing not more than 1/2 an oz., 5 cents.
      "          "     more than 1/2 oz. but not ex. 1    oz., 10 cts.
      "          "        "      1 oz.       "       1-1/2 "   15 cts.
      "          "        "      1-1/2 oz.   "       2     "   20 cts.
      "          "        "      2 oz.       "       2-1/2 "   25 cts.

And so on, 5 cents being charged for every additional 1/2 oz., or
fraction of a half ounce.


[Sidenote: Excess of weight.]

If the weight be exceeded to the smallest extent, even though the
balance be merely turned, the letter becomes liable to an additional
rate.


[Sidenote: Unpaid letters.]

Letters addressed to any place within the Province of Canada, if sent
unpaid, are liable to a charge of 7 cents per 1/2 oz.


[Sidenote: Drop letters]

The charge on local or drop Letters, viz., letters posted at an office
in Canada for delivery from that office, is one cent for each letter.


[Sidenote: Letters delivered by carriers.]

The charge on letters delivered by Letter Carrier, in Canada, is two
cents for each letter in addition to the ordinary postage.


[Sidenote: Nova Scotia <i>viâ</i> Halifax.]

Letters for Nova Scotia, specially addressed by "Cunard Steamer,"
sailing from Boston to Liverpool <i>viâ</i> Halifax, every alternate
Wednesday, are liable to 12-1/2 cents per 1/2 oz., which can be pre-paid
or not at the option of the sender.


[Sidenote: Newfoundland.]

Letters for Newfoundland are liable to a rate of 20 cents per 1/2 oz.,
which must be pre-paid.


[Sidenote: British Columbia.]

The rate of postage on letters to British Columbia and Vancouver's
Island is 25 cents per 1/2 oz., which must be pre-paid.


[Sidenote: Red River.]

The rate of postage on letters to Red River, <i>viâ</i> the United States, is
10 cents per 1/2 oz., which may be pre-paid or not at the option of the
sender.


[Sidenote: United States.]

The rate of postage on letters between any place in Canada and any place
in the United States, except California and Oregon, is 10 cents per 1/2
oz., which may either be pre-paid or not, at the option of the sender.


[Sidenote: California and Oregon.]

The rate of postage on letters between any place in Canada and any place
in California or Oregon is 15 cents per 1/2 oz., which may be pre-paid
or not at the option of the sender.


[Sidenote: Scale of weight.]

The scale of weight under which the above letters are charged is the
same as the scale under which letters passing between places in Canada
are rated.


[Sidenote: United Kingdom.]

The single rate of postage on letters between any place in Canada and
any place in the United Kingdom, is as follows:--

[Sidenote: Canadian
Steamers.]

By Canadian Steamer, sailing every Saturday from Quebec in Summer
and from Portland in Winter, 12-1/2 cents.


[Sidenote: Cunard Steamers.]

By Cunard Steamer, sailing either from New York or Boston every
Wednesday, 17 cents.


[Sidenote: Scale of
weight.]

Letters addressed to the United Kingdom and forwarded by either of the
above routes, will be charged according to the following scale, which it
will be seen differs from the scale of weight under which letters
passing between places in Canada are taxed:--

  Letters not weighing over 1/2 an oz., 1 rate.
     "    weighing more than 1/2 oz. and not exceed. 1 oz. 2 rates.
     "        "        "     1    "        "         2  "  4   "
     "        "        "     2    "        "         3  "  6   "
     "        "        "     3    "        "         4  "  8   "

And so on, adding two rates for every additional ounce or <i>fraction of
an ounce</i>.


[Sidenote: Pre-payment required.]

The postage on all letters posted in Canada for the United Kingdom, and
in the United Kingdom for Canada, should be pre-paid.


[Sidenote: Unpaid letters.]

If sent unpaid 6d. sterling will be charged on each letter on delivery
in addition to the ordinary postage rate.


[Sidenote: Despatch by Canadian and Cunard Steamers.]

Letters posted in Canada for the United Kingdom, and in the United
Kingdom for Canada, unless specially addressed "By Canadian Steamer" or
"By Cunard Steamer," are despatched in the first mail that is made
up--whether for the Canadian or Cunard line--after the letter is posted,
so that letters intended for the Canadian Packets must either be posted
on the proper days for the Canadian Packet Mails or bear the words "By
Canadian Mail Steamer" on the address.

Twopence sterling, equal to 5 cents, will be charged on the delivery of
letters which have been forwarded as above by Cunard Steamers, but on
which 6d. sterling or 12-1/2 cents, only per 1/2 oz. have been pre-paid.

[Sidenote: British Colonies and Foreign Countries]

The rates upon letters for British Colonies and Foreign Countries will
be found in the tables at pages 36, 37, 38, 39, and 40. These tables
give the rates: 1, by Canadian Ocean Steamers; 2, by Cunard Steamers;
and 3, by United States. It will be desirable always to mark on the
letter the route by which it is intended to be sent.

The charge on dead letters returned to the writers is 3 cents on each
letter in addition to the postage.


<tb>


SOLDIERS' AND SEAMENS' LETTERS.


[Sidenote: Rate.]

Non-Commissioned Officers, Embodied Pensioners, Seamen, and Soldiers,
and Army Schoolmasters of all but first class, while they are employed
in Her Majesty's Service, can send and receive letters at the rate of
two cents each under the following regulations:--


[Sidenote: Conditions.]

  1. The two cents must be paid at the time the letter is posted.

  2. The name of the soldier or sailor, his class or description,
     and the name of the ship, corps, or detachment to which he
     belongs, must be specified in the direction of the letter; and
     in the case of letters <i>sent</i> by soldiers or seamen, the
     officer in command must sign his name and specify his rank,
     and the name of the ship or regiment, corps or detachment,
     which he commands.

  3. The letter must not exceed half an ounce in weight.

  4. The letter must refer solely to the private affairs of the
     soldier or seaman.

All the foregoing descriptions must be fully written in the address in
the following form, the initials of the name of any ships or regiments
being insufficient:--


[Sidenote: Address.]

  +---------------------------------------------+
  |              Seaman.               |
  +---------------------------------------------+
  |            From A. B.--Seaman of            |
  |             H.M.S.____________              |
  |                                             |
  |(<i>Here insert direction of the letter</i>.)|
  |                                             |
  |   C. D., Captain (<i>or other commanding    |
  |                Officer</i>)                 |
  |             H.M.S.____________              |
  +---------------------------------------------+
  |              To A. B., Seaman,              |
  |             H.M.S.____________              |
  |                                             |
  | (<i>Here the direction to be finished</i>.) |
  +---------------------------------------------+

  +---------------------------------------------+
  |              Soldier.              |
  +---------------------------------------------+
  |            From A. B., Sergeant,            |
  |            ____Regiment________             |
  |                                             |
  |(<i>Here insert direction of the letter</i>.)|
  |                                             |
  |    C. D., Colonel(<i>or other commanding    |
  |                Officer</i>)                 |
  |            ____Regiment________             |
  +---------------------------------------------+
  | To A. B., Private (<i>Serg. or Corp'l</i>)  |
  |            ____Regiment________             |
  |                                             |
  | (<i>Here the direction to be finished</i>.) |
  +---------------------------------------------+


[Sidenote: Subject to pre-payment of foreign transit rates.]

Letters for soldiers or seamen may be forwarded at the above rate to or
through any country requiring the payment of any foreign or transit
rate, but subject to the payment of such foreign or transit rate, as may
be chargeable thereon.


[Sidenote: Re-direction.]

Soldiers and seamens letters are not liable to any additional rate on
re-direction.


[Sidenote: Conveyance.]

All soldiers' and seamens' letters are conveyed between Canada and the
United Kingdom by the Canadian line of steamers.


[Sidenote: Letters for commissioned officers, &c.]

Letters sent to or by commissioned or warrant officers, midshipmen or
master's mates, engineers in the navy, captain's clerks or first-class
schoolmasters, or commissioned or warrant officers in the army, are not
included in the privilege attached to letters of soldiers and seamen,
but are chargeable with the same rates as ordinary letters.


[Sidenote: Letters posted without compliance with regulations.]

Soldiers and seamens letters posted in Canada without a compliance with
the above regulations are liable to full postage. If posted in accordance
with the above regulations but without pre-payment of 2 cents they are
liable to a charge of 2d. sterling on delivery in the United Kingdom.


<tb>


RATES OF POSTAGE ON NEWSPAPERS.


[Sidenote: Definition.]

The law declares that for post office purposes a newspaper shall be held
to mean a periodical published not less frequently than once in each
week, and containing notices of passing events, that is to say, general
news.


[Sidenote: Can be sent otherwise than by post.]

Although provision is made for forwarding newspapers through the post,
it is not compulsory on any one to employ this mode of transmission;
everything except letters may be sent in any other way.


[Sidenote: Restrictions.]

A newspaper to pass at the undermentioned rates is subject to the
following restrictions:--

  1. It must have no cover, or a cover open at both ends.

  2. It must not contain any enclosure.

  3. It must have no writing or mark thereon but the name and
     address of the person to whom it is sent, nor anything on the
     cover except such name and address.

Newspapers which are not posted in accordance with these regulations are
not forwarded.


[Sidenote: Extra or supplement.]

An extra newspaper or a supplement to a newspaper is deemed a distinct
newspaper, and charged accordingly.


[Sidenote: Canada commuted rate when sent from office of publication.]

Newspapers published in Canada may be sent by post from the office of
publication to any place in Canada at the following rates, if paid
quarterly in advance, either by the publisher at the post office where
the papers are posted, or by the subscriber at the post office where the
papers are delivered.

  For a paper published 6 times per week, 40 cents per quarter.
             "          3         "       20          "
             "          2         "       13          "
             "          1         "       6-1/2       "
             "          Semi-Monthly,     3-1/4       "
             "          Monthly,          1-1/4       "


[Sidenote: If commuted rate not prepaid.]

When the above rates are not paid in advance by either the publisher or
subscriber the papers are charged 1 cent each on delivery.


[Sidenote: Payment of commuted rate.]

It is not necessary that the commuted rate on newspapers should be paid
absolutely on the first day of each quarter. The regulation is intended
to be carried out with all possible consideration for the convenience of
the public, and it will be sufficient if the person desiring to pay the
commuted rate declares his intention and offers the payment when first
calling at the office within a reasonable time after the commencement of
the quarter; but after having made his option to pre-pay the commuted
charge, or to pay for his papers as received at one cent each, as the
case may be, postmasters are not expected to alter their newspaper
accounts to allow of a change until the commencement of the next
quarter.

The commuted rate of payment can be accepted from new subscribers during
a quarter for any unexpired period of the quarter not less than a month.


[Sidenote: Transient papers.]

Newspapers published in Canada which are not posted from the office of
publication, must be pre-paid one cent each by postage stamps, otherwise
they will not be forwarded.


[Sidenote: Publishers subscription accounts and receipts.]

Publishers of newspapers in Canada are allowed to enclose in copies of
their papers sent to subscribers, subscription accounts, and receipts
for the same, without rendering them liable to any additional postage.


[Sidenote: Packets of returned papers.]

Packets of unbound newspapers published in Canada may be returned by a
subscriber to the office of publication, at the rate of 2 cents per 8
oz. or fraction of 8oz., which must be pre-paid.


[Sidenote: Rate to United States.]

Transient newspapers addressed to the United States must be pre-paid one
cent each by postage stamp, otherwise they will not be forwarded.


[Sidenote: From United States.]

Newspapers posted in the United States and addressed to Canada are
liable to one cent each on delivery. The stamp <i>paid</i> on these papers
indicates that the United States postage only has been pre-paid, the
Canadian rate of one cent remaining to be collected.


[Sidenote: American papers.]

American newspapers posted or re-posted in Canada must be prepaid one
cent each, by stamp, otherwise they will not be forwarded.


[Sidenote: Commuted rate not applicable to U.S. papers.]

The option of paying the commuted rate on newspapers does not apply to
papers published in the United States: they must be paid for at the full
rate of one cent each.


[Sidenote: News agents.]

Canadian news agents and booksellers may post American newspapers
unpaid, when addressed to regular subscribers in the Province; but such
newspapers are chargeable on delivery with one cent each.


[Sidenote: Rate to U. Kingdom.]

Newspapers posted in Canada and addressed to the United Kingdom must be
pre-paid by stamp, one cent each.


[Sidenote: By Canadian Steamers.]

Newspapers forwarded by Canadian Steamer are delivered in the United
Kingdom without additional charge.


[Sidenote: By Cunard Steamers.]

Newspapers forwarded by Cunard Steamer are liable on delivery to one
penny each, being the American transit rate.


[Sidenote: From U. Kingdom.]

Newspapers posted in the United Kingdom for Canada should be pre-paid
one penny each, by stamp.


[Sidenote: By Canadian Steamers.]

If forwarded by Canadian Steamer they are subject on delivery to no
additional charge.


[Sidenote: By Cunard Steamers.]

If forwarded by Cunard Steamer they are subject on delivery to two cents
each, being the American transit rate.


[Sidenote: Brit. papers reposted.]

British newspapers re-posted in Canada must be pre-paid 1 cent each, by
stamp.


[Sidenote: Brit. papers posted by agents.]

British newspapers distributed to regular subscribers by Canadian
booksellers or agents pass free in the same way as if received by the
Canadian Steamers.


[Sidenote: Commuted rate on newspapers to places out of Canada.]

Canadian newspapers addressed from the office of publication to
subscribers in the United States, the United Kingdom, Lower Provinces,
&c., may be forwarded on pre-payment of the commuted rate, applicable to
subscribers within the Province; but they cannot be forwarded if unpaid.


[Sidenote: Exchanges free.]

Exchange papers passing between publishers in Canada and between
publishers in Canada and publishers in the United States, are carried
<i>free</i> through the post.


[Sidenote: No other exemption from charge.]

No newspaper, properly so called (except exchanges), whether devoted to
education, temperance, agriculture, or to any branch of science, is
entitled to exemption from charge. The law exempts only periodicals,
other than newspapers, printed in Canada, and devoted exclusively to the
above objects.


[Sidenote: Newfoundland.]

Newspapers addressed to Newfoundland must be pre-paid two cents each, by
stamp.


[Sidenote: British Colonies and Foreign Countries]

The rates on newspapers addressed to British Colonies and foreign
countries will be found in the tables at pages 36, 37, 38, 39 and 40.
These tables give the rates: 1, by Canadian Ocean Steamers; 2, by Cunard
Steamers; and 3, by the United States.


[Sidenote: No United States paper exempt.]

No United States newspapers of any kind or description (with the
exception of exchange papers) are on any ground entitled to pass through
the Canadian mails free of postage.


[Sidenote: How to be forwarded from publication office.]

In cities and towns where newspapers are published, the printers and
publishers should send them to the post office put up in a manner to
admit of their being readily counted, and if necessary withdrawn from
their covers for examination. The newspapers for each office also should
be made up in strong paper in a separate parcel, which should be plainly
addressed.


[Sidenote: Notification to publishers of non-delivery.]

When the numbers of a newspaper published in Canada or in either of the
other British North American Provinces, or in the United States, and
issued daily, have remained in a post office in Canada uncalled for
during two weeks; of a newspaper issued semi-weekly, or tri-weekly,
during three weeks; of a newspaper issued weekly, during one month; and
of a monthly periodical during two months, or when such newspapers and
periodicals have been refused to be taken by the party to whom
addressed, the postmaster is instructed to notify the respective
publishers in the proper form, which is to pass free of postage. If the
newspaper or periodical continues to arrive after the notice has been
sent, the postmaster is instructed to notify the publisher in the same
way a second time, specially calling his attention to the first notice
given.


[Sidenote: Enclosures in newspapers.]

To enclose a letter, or any writing, or to make any written marks to
serve the purposes of a letter, or to enclose any other thing (except
publishers' accounts and receipts, as before mentioned) in a newspaper
posted to pass as a newspaper, is a misdemeanor. Postmasters are
requested at once to transmit all newspapers containing such writing,
marks, and enclosures to the Postmaster General.


<tb>


PERIODICAL PUBLICATIONS.


[Sidenote: Definition.]

Periodical Publications are publications issued at regular intervals,
but less frequently than once per week.


[Sidenote: Rate to Canada and U. States.]

Periodical Publications can be transmitted by post to any part of
Canada and the United States at the following rates:--

  For every periodical publication weighing not more
  than 3 oz. in weight .................................. 1 cent.
  Over 3oz. in weight  .................................. 4 cents.                                                        4 cents.


[Sidenote: Pre-pay'mt]

The above rates must invariably be pre-paid by postage stamps.


[Sidenote: Sent from publication office.]

If pre-paid by postage stamps and sent from the office of publication,
periodicals published in Canada weighing over 3 oz. pass for two cents
each.


[Sidenote: From United States.]

Periodical publications received from the United States are liable to
the rates above mentioned, viz.: If not exceeding 3 oz. 1 cent; if
exceeding 3 oz. 4 cents.


[Sidenote: If posted by booksellers or news agents.]

Canadian Booksellers and News Agents may post British, American or
Provincial periodicals for distribution to regular subscribers unpaid.
If sent unpaid they will, when exceeding the weight of 3 oz., be subject
to 4 cents.


[Sidenote: Small periodicals posted by booksellers and news agents.]

Canadian Booksellers and News Agents may also post for transmission by
mail in Canada small periodicals, whether Canadian, British or United
States, weighing less than 1 oz., such as the Children's Paper, Child's
Paper, The Play Hour, The Carrier Dove, The Sabbath School Visitor, The
Evangelizer, The Gospel Message, The Good News, and others of a like
description, in packages to one address, at the rate of 5 cents per
pound, or fraction of a pound bulk weight, provided that the said News
Agents and Booksellers pre-pay such packages by postage stamps. This
must not be understood as imposing a charge on Canadian periodicals
entitled to pass free.


[Sidenote: Periodicals exempt from postage.]

Periodicals printed in Canada other than newspapers when specially
devoted to education, meaning the instruction of youth, (both religious
and general), to agriculture, to temperance, or to any branch of
science, and addressed directly from the office of publication to be
transmitted to any post-office in Canada, are conveyed by mail free of
charge. Such periodicals must not contain general news or advertisements
or they forfeit their claim to exemption.

A periodical devoted to education to pass free must be either strictly
scholastic in its subject matter, or manifestly adapted and intended for
juvenile as distinguished from adult instruction. It is in this primary
sense that the word Education, whether religious or secular, is
understood to be used. Religious publications are not as a class
entitled to exemption from charge. The law exempts only those which come
within the foregoing definitions.


[Sidenote: U.S. periodicals not exempt.]

No United States periodical of any kind or description can, upon any
ground, claim exemption from Canadian postage.


[Sidenote: Returned periodicals.]

Parcels of unbound periodicals may be returned by a subscriber to the
office of publication at the rate of two cents per 8 oz. or fraction of
8 oz.


[Sidenote: Conditions]

Periodicals to pass at the above rates must be put up in covers open at
the ends or sides, and if these regulations are not strictly complied
with, or if such periodicals are found to contain any writing other than
the address, they are liable to full letter rates of postage.


[Sidenote: Not to exceed 48 oz.]

No packet of periodicals can be forwarded through the post if exceeding
the weight of 48 oz.


[Sidenote: Bound periodicals.]

Bound volumes of any periodical published in Canada may be forwarded at
the rates and under the conditions described under the article <i>Book
Post</i>.


<tb>


BOOK POST.


[Sidenote: Canada, B. N. America, and United States.]

Books bound or unbound posted in Canada, and addressed to any office in
Canada, British North America and the United States, are chargeable with
a rate of 1 cent per oz., which must be pre-paid by postage stamps.


[Sidenote: United Kingdom.]

Book packets are forwarded by post from Canada to the United Kingdom,
and <i>vice versâ</i>, by Canadian Steamers only, at the following rates:--


[Sidenote: Scale of charge.]

  For each packet weighing not more than 4 oz., 7 cents.
       "     "  exceeding 4    oz. and not exceed. 1/2  lb., 12-1/2 cts.
       "     "    "       1/2  lb.    "      "     1     "   25      "
       "     "    "       1     "     "      "     1-1/2 "   37-1/2  "
       "     "    "       1-1/2 "     "      "     2     "   50      "

And so on, adding 12-1/2 cents for each additional half pound, or
fraction of half a pound weight.


[Sidenote: France.]

Book packets, printed matter, or single newspapers, can be forwarded
from Canada to France, or <i>vice versâ, by Canadian Steamers only</i>, at
the following rates:--


[Sidenote: Scale of charge.]

  If not exceeding 2 oz. in weight                  5 cents.
  If exceeding     2 oz. and not exceeding 4 oz.   10   "
       "           4  "         "          8  "    20   "
       "           8  "         "          1 lb.   40   "

And so on, adding 20 cents for each additional 1/2 lb. or fraction of
1/2 lb.


[Sidenote: Conditions]

The following conditions must be carefully observed:--

  1. Every book packet must be either without a cover or in a cover
     open at the ends.

  2. It must not contain any letter open or sealed, or any sealed
     enclosure whatever.

  3. It must not exceed two feet in length, breadth, or width.

  4. The postage must be pre-paid by stamps.


[Sidenote: Contents of a book packet.]

A book packet may contain any number of separate books, publications,
works of literature or art, almanacs, maps or prints, photographs,
daguerreotypes, when not on glass or in frames containing glass, and any
quantity of paper, vellum, or parchment (to the exclusion of letters);
and the books, maps, paper, <i>&c.</i>, may be either written, printed or
plain, or any mixture of the three, and may be either British, Colonial
or Foreign.

All legitimate binding, mounting, or covering of the same, or a portion
thereof, will be allowed as part of the packet, whether such binding,
&c., be loose or attached, as also rollers in the case of prints and
maps, and whatever may be necessary for the safe transmission of
literary or artistic matter, or whatever usually appertains thereto, and
the postage is rated upon the gross weight of the packet.


[Sidenote: Sender's address permitted on cover.]

The name and address of the sender, and anything else not in the nature
of a letter, may also be written and printed on the envelope or cover of
the packet, in addition to the name and address of the person to whom it
may be forwarded.


[Sidenote: Books carried at parcel rates.]

Books addressed to places in Canada can be sent through the mails in
closed packets for the same rates of postage as parcels.


[Sidenote: Cannot be sent by Cunard Steamers.]

Books cannot be forwarded except at letter rates of postage by the mail
made up for the Cunard Steamers sailing from New York and Boston.


[Sidenote: Bound volumes of newspapers or periodicals.]

Bound volumes of any periodical or newspaper published in Canada, if
bound in a form to come within mailable dimensions, that is to say, not
exceeding two feet in length, breadth or thickness, nor exceeding 4 lbs.
in weight, may be sent from the office of publication to any place in
Canada at a charge of two cents per 8 ozs. or fraction of 8 ozs.


[Sidenote: Book packets for United Kingdom improperly posted.]

Should a book packet addressed to the United Kingdom be posted unpaid,
or with a pre-payment of less than 7 cents, or be enclosed in a cover
not open at the ends, or should it exceed the dimensions specified, it
will be sent to the Dead Letter Office.


[Sidenote: Do. insufficiently paid.]

If a book packet addressed to the United Kingdom be posted
insufficiently pre-paid, and it appears that at least the single rate of
7 cents has been pre-paid, such packet will be forwarded to its
destination charged with an additional postage equal to the deficiency,
and another single rate as a fine.


[Sidenote: Letters enclosed in book packets.]

Letters, whether sealed or unsealed, or any enclosure found in a book
parcel, are liable to rates as unpaid letters, and the packet in which
enclosed to an additional rate of 12-1/2 cents, as a penalty for a
breach of the regulations.


[Sidenote: British Colonies and Foreign Countries.]

The rates of postage on books to British Colonies and Foreign Countries
are given in the tables at pages 36, 37, 38, and 39.


<tb>


PRINTED PAPERS, CIRCULARS, PRICES CURRENT, HAND BILLS, &c.


[Sidenote: Canada, British America and United States.]

Printed circulars, prices current, hand bills, and other printed matter
of a like character, posted in Canada, and addressed to any place in
Canada, British North America, or the United States, are chargeable with
a rate of one cent per oz., which must be pre-paid by postage stamp.


[Sidenote: School Returns.]

The half-yearly School Returns made by School Trustees to the Local
Superintendants of Schools, may, though the printed form be partly
filled up in writing with the names of the pupils and days of
attendance, be transmitted by post in Canada at the rate of one cent
each, to be pre-paid by stamp.

When not filled up the above forms are printed matter, and liable as
such to one cent per oz. postage.


[Sidenote: Military Returns, &c.]

Military returns, states, and rolls, containing written figures and
signatures, may be forwarded as printed matter on pre-payment of one
cent per ounce.


[Sidenote: Circulars to United Kingdom.]

Printed circulars may be transmitted by post to the United Kingdom under
the regulations and charges of the Book Post. They must be forwarded,
however, open at the ends, or sides. If sent in envelopes, sealed or
unsealed, they are liable to letter rates of postage.


[Sidenote: Prices current to United Kingdom.]

Prices current, posted in Canada and addressed to any place in the
United Kingdom, are liable to a rate of 2 cents each, which must be
pre-paid by stamp.


[Sidenote: Lithographed letters and circ'lars]

Lithographed letters and circulars are allowed to pass through the Post
at the same rate as printed circulars.


<tb>


PRINTED VOTES AND PROCEEDINGS OF THE IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT AND COLONIAL
LEGISLATURES.

The special rate under which printed Votes and Proceedings of the
Imperial Parliament and Colonial Legislatures were formerly transmitted
in the English mails, has been abolished, and such matter now passes to
and from the United Kingdom at the ordinary book post charge.


<tb>


PARCEL POST.


[Sidenote: Not to exceed 3 lbs.]

Parcels closed at the ends and sides, and not exceeding 3 lbs. in
weight, may be posted at any post-office in Canada for conveyance to any
other post-office in Canada at the following rates:--


[Sidenote: Scale of charge.]

  For each parcel weighing not more than 1 lb  25 cts.
  Exceeding 1 lb. and not exceeding 2 lbs.     50  "
     "      2  "     "       "      3  "       75  "


[Sidenote: Conditions under which carried.]

The following conditions must be carefully observed:--

  1. No letter or letters shall be enclosed.

  2. The parcel shall not contain any explosive substance, glass,
     liquids, or other matter likely to injure the ordinary contents
     of the mail.

  3. The weight of the parcel shall not exceed 3 lbs., nor the size
     exceed one foot in length or breadth, or six inches in thickness.

  4. The postage must be pre-paid by stamps.

  5. The parcel should have the words "By Parcel Post," plainly
     written on the address. It should be well and strongly put up,
     and be legibly addressed to the post-office address of the
     intended receiver, the name of the County in which the said
     office is situated being added.


[Sidenote: Sender's name on address.]

If the name and address of the sender be written on the parcel it will,
if delivery should fail from any cause, be returned from the Dead Letter
Office unopened to the sender, on payment of an additional rate for the
return conveyance.


[Sidenote: Parcels insufficiently pre-paid.]

If the number of stamps affixed to a parcel be insufficient to pre-pay
the proper rate, the amount deficient will be rated unpaid, with a fine
of 10 cents in addition.


[Sidenote: Registered parcels.]

Parcels may be registered on pre-payment, by stamp, of five cents in
addition to the postage. When registered the Postmaster should give a
receipt to the party posting the parcel.


[Sidenote: Contents allowed in parcels.]

Parcels sent by post may contain books, daguerreotypes, photographs,
printers' proof and copy, military returns, states and rolls, containing
written figures and signatures; returns, deeds, legal papers, and all
transmissions of a like character not being strictly letters.


[Sidenote: Enclosure of letters in parcels.]

To enclose a letter or letters, or any writing intended to serve the
purpose of a letter, in a parcel intended for the Parcel Post is a
misdemeanour.

Should it be ascertained that a packet posted for the Parcel Post
contains a letter or Letters, the stamps it may bear will be cancelled,
and the parcel rated as a letter with full unpaid rates.


[Sidenote: Parcel post confined to Canada.]

Parcels cannot be transmitted by post at the above rates to any place
beyond the limits of the Province of Canada.


[Sidenote: Address.]

The following is an example of the address recommended:--

     +---------------------------------------------------------------+
     |                                                               |
     |  <i>By Parcel Post.</i>                                       |
     |                                                               |
     |                                                               |
     |                        <i>Mr. Thomas Jone,s</i>               |
     |                                  <i>Paisley,</i>              |
     |                                       <i>County of Bruce.</i> |
     |                                                               |
     |  <i>Sent by</i>                                               |
     |     <i>William Smith,</i>                                     |
     |                 <i>Toronto.</i>                               |
     |                                                               |
     +---------------------------------------------------------------+


<tb>


FRANKING AND FREE LETTERS.


[Sidenote: Matter exempt from postage.]

The following matter is exempt from Provincial Postage:

All letters and other mailable matter addressed to or sent by the
Governor General of Canada, or addressed to or sent by any Public
Department at the seat of Government.

All letters and other mailable matter addressed to or sent by the
Speaker or Chief Clerk of the Legislative Council or of the Legislative
Assembly; or to or by any Member of the Legislature at the Seat of
Government during any Session of the Legislature, or addressed to any of
the Members or Officers in this Section mentioned at the Seat of
Government as aforesaid, during the ten days next before the meeting of
Parliament.

All public documents and printed papers sent by the Speaker or Chief
Clerk of the Legislative Council or Legislative Assembly, to any Member
of either of the said branches of the Legislature of Canada, during the
recess of Parliament.

All papers printed by order of either branch of the Legislature of
Canada, sent by Members of either branch of the said Legislatures,
either during the Session or recess.


[Sidenote: Signature required in addresses.]

Public documents and printed papers sent under the two foregoing
clauses, should bear, as part of the address, the <i>bona fide</i>
superscription of the Speaker, Chief Clerk, or officer specially deputed
for this purpose to act for those functionaries, or of the Member
sending the same.


[Sidenote: P. M. G., D. P. M. G. & Post Office Inspectors.]

All letters to and from the Postmaster General and the Deputy Postmaster
General; and all official communications to and from the Post Office
Department and to and from the Post Office Inspectors, are to pass free
of any Provincial postage.


[Sidenote: Military departments and officers.]

Letters on Her Majesty's service passing between the United Kingdom and
Canada, to or from the following Imperial Military Departments, are
exempt from Canadian postage:

  Military Secretary.
  Adjutant General.
  Quarter-Master General.
  Commissariat Department.
  Barrack Department.
  Medical Department (including Purveyors.)
  Comptroller of Army Expenditure.
  Military Accountant.
  Royal Engineer Department.
  Regimental Paymaster and Officers Commanding.


<tb>


ABATING AND REFUNDING POSTAGE.


[Sidenote: Postmasters may refund.]

Postmasters in Canada are allowed to refund postage in the following
cases only:--


[Sidenote: Charges for over weight.]

Letters charged as weighing more than the actual weight.


[Sidenote: On editors' notices and exchanges.]

Postage incorrectly charged on editor's notices addressed to publishers
and editors, and exchange papers, which should legally pass without
charge.


[Sidenote: Other cases to be referred to Postmaster General.]

All other claims for the return or abatement of postage must be
specially referred to the Postmaster General for his decision, with the
letter or packet on which the return is claimed.


<tb>


UNDELIVERED AND DEAD LETTERS.


[Sidenote: Advertized on 1st of each month.]

All letters remaining undelivered in a post office on the first of each
month, excepting drop letters and such letters as are daily called for,
are advertized in a list posted at the office door for the information
of the public.


[Sidenote: Advertizement in newspaper.]

If a newspaper is published in the neighbourhood the Postmaster is
directed to insert this list therein, provided the proprietor will give
it insertion at the authorized rate.


[Sidenote: Advertized letters to be asked for as such.]

Parties applying at an office for advertized letters should always ask
for them as such.


[Sidenote: When sent to Dead Letter office.]

Letters and papers after remaining undelivered in an office for three
months are sent to the Dead Letter Office, as also are all letters
refused by the persons to whom they are addressed or letters addressed
to persons deceased.


[Sidenote: Return to writers.]

Every letter which is opened at the Dead Letter Office and found to
contain the address of the sender is sent back to him; but such as do
not contain the sender's address are destroyed, excepting always those
which contain money and other articles of value, which are kept for a
reasonable time for the purpose of being reclaimed.


<tb>


REGISTRATION.


[Sidenote: Fees on Registered Letters.]

By the pre-payment of the following fee, in addition to the ordinary
postage, letters and parcels can be registered at the office at which
posted:--


[Sidenote: To Canada.]

  On letters addressed to any place in Canada or the other
    British North American Provinces                           2 cents.


[Sidenote: To U. States.]

  On letters addressed to any place in the United States       5   "


[Sidenote: To U.K.]


       "        "       "          "       United Kingdom     12-1/2 "


[Sidenote: On parcels.]

  On parcels to any part of Canada                             5 cents.


[Sidenote: To B. Col. and Foreign Countries.]

The registration fees on letters to British Colonies and Foreign
Countries will be found in the tables on pages 36, 37, 38, 39, and 40.


[Sidenote: Certificate of posting to be given.]

Every letter or parcel containing value should be registered and
presented to the Postmaster or his clerk and a receipt obtained
therefor. On no account should it be dropped into a letter box.


[Sidenote: Pre-payment.]

When letters are registered for the United Kingdom, for Foreign
Countries, <i>viâ</i> England, or for the United States, both the postage and
the registration fee must be pre-paid.


[Sidenote: Books, &c., cannot be registered.]

Books, periodicals, newspapers, circulars, and other printed matter,
cannot be registered unless pre-paid the full letter rates, in addition
to the ordinary registration fee.


[Sidenote: Receipt required on Delivery.]

Registered letters and packets can only be delivered to the parties to
whom they are addressed or to their order, and a receipt must be given
on the delivery of each registered letter in a book kept by every
Postmaster for that purpose.


[Sidenote: Post office not responsible for loss.]

It should be clearly understood that the post office is not responsible
for the safe delivery of a registered letter or parcel. The registration
simply makes its transmission more secure, by rendering it practicable
to trace it, when passing from one place to another in Canada, from its
receipt to its delivery; and when addressed from any place in Canada to
any place in the United States, the United Kingdom, or parts abroad, if
not to its delivery, at least to the frontier or port of despatch.


<tb>


POSTAGE STAMPS.


[Sidenote: Prices of stamps.]

Every postmaster is required to have on hand a sufficient stock of
postage stamps, and to sell them to the public at 1 cent, 5 cents, 10
cents, 12-1/2 cents, and 17 cents each.


[Sidenote: Envelopes.]

Letter envelopes are also provided with medallion, stamps equivalent to
5 cents and 10 cents postage, each. The 5 cent envelopes are sold
singly at 6 cents each; 66 cents per dozen; $5.50 per hundred. The 10
cent envelopes are sold singly at 11 cents each; $1.26 per dozen; $10.50
per hundred.


[Sidenote: Sale to dealers.]

With the approval of the Postmaster General, postage stamps are sold to
certain dealers to retail again to the public.


[Sidenote: Pre-payment in stamps.]

Pre-payment of letters should, in all cases where practicable, be made
by postage stamps.


[Sidenote: Mutilated stamps.]

A mutilated stamp, or a stamp cut in half, is not recognized in
pre-payment of postage.


[Sidenote: Medallion stamps.]

A medallion stamp cannot be accepted in pre-payment of postage if
separated from the envelope of which it may have formed a part.


[Sidenote: British and foreign.]

No British stamps, or stamps of a foreign country, can be received in
pre-payment of postage in Canada.


[Sidenote: Mode of affixing.]

In affixing the stamp to the letter wet slightly the corner of the
envelope and the gummed side of the stamp, and gently press the stamp
till it is firmly fixed. Stamps should be placed on the front or address
side of the letter, and on the right hand upper corner.


[Sidenote: Partial payment in.]

Letters cannot be pre-paid partly in stamps and partly in money; the
pay-postage must be pre-paid either wholly in stamps, or wholly in
money.


[Sidenote: Insufficient pre-payment.]

If the stamps affixed to a letter addressed to any place in British
North America be not adequate to the proper postage, the letter is rated
with an amount equal to the deficiency.


[Sidenote: Do. United States.]

Letters addressed to the United States, on which stamps are affixed
representing less than the amount of postage to which the letters are
liable, are rated with full unpaid postage.


[Sidenote: Stamps received for postage.]

Postage stamps are received at all post offices in payment of postage on
unpaid letters delivered therefrom.


<tb>


MONEY ORDERS.


[Sidenote: Money order offices.]

Post offices in Canada at which money orders are issued and paid are
distinguished in the List of Post Offices by being printed in <i>italics</i>.


[Sidenote: Orders issued.]

Every money order office in Canada issues money orders on every other
money order office in Canada, as well as on every money order office in
the United Kingdom. Every money order office in the United Kingdom also
issues money orders on every money order office in Canada.


[Sidenote: Commission on Canadian orders.]

The rate of commission charged on money orders drawn by one money order
office in Canada on any other money order office in Canada, is as
follows:--

  If not exceeding in amount $10           5 cents.
  Exceeding $10 and not exceeding $20     10   "
      "      20    "        "      30     15   "
      "      30    "        "      40     30   "
      "      40    "        "      60     45   "
      "      60    "        "      80     60   "
      "      80    "        "     100     75   "


[Sidenote: Half cents.]

No half cents can be introduced into orders.


[Sidenote: Amount of single orders not to exceed $100.]

No money order exceeding $100 in amount can be granted on any office in
Canada; but postmasters are at liberty to grant two or more orders for
$100 or for any lesser sum. They cannot, however, grant two or more
orders for sums of or under $30 on the same day to the same applicant in
favor of the same payee.


[Sidenote: Orders on United Kingdom.]

Money orders on the United Kingdom are drawn in sterling money, and may
be for any sum from one shilling to ten pounds. They must not, however,
exceed the latter amount; but postmasters are at liberty to issue two or
more separate orders for ten pounds each or for any smaller sum.


[Sidenote: Commission on do.]

The rate of commission charged on orders on the United Kingdom, over and
above the currency value of the sterling, is as follows:--

  For orders not exceeding £2 sterling           25 cents.
  Exceeding £2 and not exceeding £5 sterling     50   "
      "      5    "        "      7    "         75   "
      "      7    "        "     10    "         $1.

Tables shewing the amount of Provincial currency required for money
orders issued in Canada upon the United Kingdom, in addition to the
commission, and paid for money orders issued in the United Kingdom on
Canada, will be found at pages 41, 42, and 43.


[Sidenote: Printed applications.]

Applicants for money orders should always use the printed application
forms, in which they should fill up the particulars of the order
required. These forms are supplied gratuitously at all money order
offices.


[Sidenote: Full names and residences required.]

The christian and surnames in full, and residences, both of the remitter
and the payee, should be furnished to the issuing postmaster. When a
married woman is either the remitter or payee, her own christian name
should be given, and not that of her husband, thus--"Mrs. Mary Smith,"
not "Mrs. John Smith."

If the remitter or payee be a Peer or a Bishop, his ordinary title is
sufficient. If a firm, the usual designation of such firm will suffice,
such as "Baring Bros.," "Smith & Son," "Jones & Co."


[Sidenote: Orders should be examined.]

Parties procuring money orders should examine them carefully to see that
they are properly filled up and stamped. This caution will appear the
more necessary when it is understood that any important defect in these
respects will throw difficulties in the way of payment.


[Sidenote: Erroneous orders.]

Money orders which, in consequence of misapprehension of the name of the
remitter or place of payment have been erroneously made out, can be
returned to the postmaster, and a correct order given in exchange; a new
commission, however, will be charged on the corrected order.


[Sidenote: Repayment of orders at issuing office.]

Parties obtaining money orders on Canadian offices can procure repayment
thereof on presentation of the orders at the office at which issued,
signing the receipt at the foot. No order, however, can be repaid
without the authority of the superintendent, unless presented for
repayment on the day on which it is issued. Neither can orders on the
United Kingdom be repaid without his special authority.


[Sidenote: Orders on United Kingdom can be paid through a bank.]

When a remitter desires an order on the United Kingdom to be paid
through a bank, it is left to his option to give or withhold the name of
the payee, or to substitute for the name of the payee any other
designation or modification, such as "the Cashier of the Bank of
England," "the Chief Clerk of the Foreign Office." Such orders must,
however, be crossed by the issuing postmaster with the name of bank
through which the order is to be paid.


[Sidenote: No credit allowed.]

The issue of money orders on credit, or for cheques not marked "good" by
the bank drawn upon, is strictly prohibited.

If a payee is unable to write, he must sign the receipt at the foot of
the order, in the presence of the paying postmaster, by making his mark,
to be witnessed in writing; as, for example:--
                                                  His
  <i>Witness,--John Kenny,</i>       <i>Joseph</i> X <i>Allen</i>.
  <i>Queen Street, Toronto</i>.                   Mark.


[Sidenote: Order of payee in favor of second person.]

In cases of money orders issued in Canada, postmasters are at liberty to
accept the written order of the payee on the order itself in favour of a
second person, if through illness or insuperable difficulty the payee is
prevented from presenting the order in person.


[Sidenote: Lost orders.]

When a Canadian money order has been lost, either by the remitter or
payee, the circumstance must be made known to the superintendent, who,
under certain precautions, will issue a duplicate.


[Sidenote: Duplicates of British orders.]

Duplicates of sterling orders can only be granted by the paying country.
Thus the British post office issues duplicates of orders drawn in Canada
on the United Kingdom, and the Canadian Head Money Order Office grants
duplicates of orders drawn in the United Kingdom on Canada.


[Sidenote: Lapsed orders.]

Money orders which are not presented until one full year after their
date are considered as lapsed orders, and cannot be paid without the
special permission of the superintendent. In all such cases satisfactory
reasons should be given explanatory of the delay in the presentation of
the order.


[Sidenote: Orders on Canada issued in Malta and Gibraltar.]

The Deputy Postmasters General of Malta and Gibraltar are authorized to
issue money orders on the several money order offices in Canada. Money
order offices in Canada do not, however, grant money orders on Malta and
Gibraltar.


<tb>


GENERAL REGULATIONS.


[Sidenote: Exemption from juries, inquests, and militia.]

Postmasters and certain other officers of the department are exempt from
serving on juries or inquests, or in the militia. This exemption applies
to mail carriers, but not to assistants appointed and paid by
postmasters.


[Sidenote: Officers prohibited from voting.]

The postmasters of Quebec, Montreal, Three Rivers, and Sherbrooke, and
the postmasters of incorporated cities and towns in Upper Canada,
divided into wards, and other officers of the Post Office Department,
excepting Postmasters at other than the above places, cannot legally
vote at the election of any member of the Legislative Council or of the
Legislative Assembly.


[Sidenote: No credit allowed.]

Postmasters are not authorized to give credit for postage, if they do so
it is entirely at their own risk.


[Sidenote: Return of letter to sender not allowed.]

A letter once posted becomes the property of the person to whom it is
addressed, and must be forwarded according to its direction. On no
application, however urgent, can it be delivered back to the writer, or
to any other person.


[Sidenote: Letters addressed to firms, &c.]

A letter addressed to a firm may be delivered to any member of the firm.
If addressed to several persons it may be delivered to any one of them.


[Sidenote: Letters delivered to wrong parties.]

A letter delivered to the wrong person in consequence of his name being
the same as the one of the person for whom the letter is really
intended, should be at once returned to the postmaster from whom
received, the party writing on the cover "opened by me through mistake,"
and signing his name thereto.


[Sidenote: Letters posted without proper direction or prepayment.]

Letters posted without any direction, or addressed so imperfectly that
they cannot be forwarded to their intended destinations, and also unpaid
or insufficiently paid letters addressed to countries to which letters
cannot be sent without the postage is pre-paid, are returned to the
writers through the Dead Letter Office.


[Sidenote: Information not to be given.]

No information can be given respecting letters which pass through a post
office except to the persons to whom they are addressed.


[Sidenote: Redirection of letters.]

Parties desiring their letters and papers to be re-directed should send
an intimation to that effect in writing to the postmaster of the office
from which the letters and papers are to be re-directed.

Postmasters are allowed to re-direct letters to the known places of
residence of the parties to whom they are addressed, after allowing a
reasonable time to elapse without their being called for.


[Sidenote: No extra charge.]

Letters and papers are not subject to any additional charge when
re-directed from one post office in Canada to another post office in
Canada.


[Sidenote: Objectionable matter.]

Postmasters are instructed not to receive any letter or packet which
there is good reason to believe contains glass or anything likely to
injure the contents of the mail bag or the person of any officer of the
post office.


[Sidenote: Change.]

A postmaster is not legally bound to furnish change, but if absolutely
necessary may require that the exact amount of postage on any letter or
packet be tendered to him in current coin, or in Canada postage stamps.


[Sidenote: Civility required from Postmasters.]

Postmasters and their assistants in the above matter, as well as in all
their official intercourse with the public, are expected to afford every
accommodation, and to treat every person having business at their
offices with every courtesy.


[Sidenote: Mail couriers to receive letters <i>en route</i>.]

Mail couriers are bound to receive letters offered to them whilst on the
road between one post office and another, provided that when a letter is
so offered the distance from the nearest post office exceeds one mile.
Such letters are termed Way Letters, and are subject to the ordinary
rates of postage.


<tb>


SUGGESTIONS TO THE PUBLIC.

Facility will be given to the Post Office in the discharge of its daily
duties, and greater security afforded to the Public, by careful
attention to the following recommendations:


[Sidenote: Early posting.]

Post all letters and newspapers, &c., as early as practicable,
especially when sent in large numbers.


[Sidenote: Newspaper.]

When a number of newspapers are addressed to the same office, put them
up in one parcel.


[Sidenote: Circulars.]

When a number of circulars are posted, tie them up in a bundle, with the
addresses all in one direction.


[Sidenote: Address.]

Address letters, papers, &c., in a legible and complete manner, always
giving the name of the Post Office; and if there be more than one Post
Office of that name, the name of the county in which situated: In case
of letters going abroad, the name of the country, as well as of the town
and city, should be given in full. Letters, for example, intended for
London, England, if simply addressed "London," would be forwarded to
London, Canada West, and thus be delayed.


[Sidenote: Secure folding.]

See that every letter, newspaper, or other packet sent by post, is
securely folded and sealed. Every such packet has to be several times
handled; and even when in the mail bag, is exposed to pressure and
friction. Unless, therefore, the article be light and pliant, it should
be enclosed in strong paper, linen, parchment, or some other material
which will not readily tear or break.


[Sidenote: Newspaper covers.]

Fasten the covers of newspapers firmly, so as to prevent them from
slipping out.


[Sidenote: Letter Box.]

When dropping a letter or newspaper into a letter-box, always see that
the packet falls into the box, and does not stick in its passage.


[Sidenote: Letters for hot climates.]

Never seal letters for the East and West Indies and other hot climates,
with wax. Such a practice is attended with much inconvenience, and
frequently with serious injury, in consequence of the melting of the
wax, and the adhesion of the letters to each other. In all such cases
use either wafers or gum, and advise your correspondents in the country
referred to to do the same.


[Sidenote: Letters containing money or value.]

Never send money or other articles of value through the Post Office,
except either by means of a money-order or in a registered letter.
Carefully secure every letter or packet containing money or value, first
with gum and afterwards with good sealing-wax, on which make the clear
impression of a seal.


[Sidenote: Registered letters.]

On posting a registered letter or packet, always obtain a receipt for
the same at the office where posted.


[Sidenote: Delayed and missing letters and papers.]

When letters or papers are delayed or missing, at once communicate the
fact to the Inspector of the division in which is situated the Post
Office at which the delayed or missing letters were posted. In case of a
missing letter enclosing value, state the exact contents, the exact
address, and the office at which posted; the name of the person by whom
posted, and the name of the person by whom received at the office. In
the case of a delayed letter or paper, send the cover or wrapper in an
entire state, in order that the place of delay may be ascertained by an
examination of the post marks.


[Sidenote: Strict enquiry in cases of loss.]

Trouble and loss occasionally arise out of the carelessness or
dishonesty of parties employed in the Post Office service; yet instances
are not wanting in which it has been shown to the satisfaction even of
the complainants, that the fault at first attributed to the Post Office,
in truth rested in other quarters. Thefts by private hands, although
very difficult of proof, have not unfrequently been brought to light;
and it is greatly to be desired that those who suffer loss should, in
the first instance, and while the circumstances are fresh, endeavour to
ascertain with the utmost precision all particulars respecting the
despatch or receipt of the lost letters or papers, and lose no time in
communicating this information to the Inspector. Indeed, generally
speaking, it is only by careful inquiry into minute details that the
offender can be detected, whether he be a servant of the Department or
not.


[Sidenote: Improvements.]

The Post Office is a department which admits of constant improvement and
expansion. The public, by sending to the Postmaster General, clear and
correct information respecting faulty arrangements, may materially
benefit the service. It must be remembered, however, that changes in
machinery so extensive and intricate as that of the Post Office, must be
made cautiously and with much previous consideration.

Time is generally required to carry out any material change in postal
arrangements; for even when decided upon, old contracts, requiring
notice of termination, may have to be got rid off, and tenders for new
contracts invited by public advertisement, before the decision can take
effect.


[Sidenote: New post offices.]

New Post Offices are established by the Department wherever it is
ascertained that a sufficient number of inhabitants can be accommodated,
and a sufficient amount of postal revenue collected to warrant such a
measure. When a new Post Office is required, a petition should be
addressed to the Postmaster General, signed by as many of the
inhabitants as can conveniently subscribe the same. The petition should
state the name of the township and the number of the lot and concession
on which it is desired the office should be established; the distance
from the neighbouring offices; whether at the site of the proposed Post
Office there is a village; the number of mills, stores, taverns, and
houses thereat; the extent of the settlement to be served and the
probable cost of the mail; together with any other facts which may form
any ground for the accommodation applied for.


RATES OF POSTAGE from CANADA to BRITISH COLONIES and FOREIGN COUNTRIES.

By Canadian Ocean Steamers, sailing every Saturday from Quebec in
Summer, and from Portland in Winter.

[Symbol: Pointer] Letters for any of the destinations included in this
Table must be prepaid, else they cannot be forwarded. In those cases in
the Book-rates where an asterisk (*) is prefixed, prepayment on
Newspapers or Book Parcels is optional: in all other cases prepayment is
required.


      KEY:
        A: Not exceeding 1/4 oz.
        B: Above 1/4 oz. and not exceeding 1/2 oz.
        C: Above 1/2 oz. and not exceeding 3/4 oz.
        D: Above 3/4 oz. and not exceeding 1 oz.
        E: Above 1 oz. and not exceeding 11/4 oz.
        F: Registration fee for each letter.

        G: Not exceeding 2 ozs.
        H: 2 ozs. to 4 ozs.
        I: 4 ozs. to 8 ozs.
        J: 8 ozs. to 1 lb.
        K: 1 lb. to 11/2 lb.
        L: 11/2 lb. to 2 lbs.


ALL PRICES IN CTS.

/*
=========================================================================|
               |     FOR A LETTER.        |           | FOR A BOOK PACKET.|
               |---------------------------           --------------------|
               |A |B | C  | D  | E  | F   |  FOR EACH |G |H |I |J |K | L  |
  COUNTRIES.   |  |  |    |    |    |     | NEWSPAPER.|  |  |  |  |  |    |
---------------+--+--+----+----+----+-----+-----------+--+--+--+--+--+----|
               |  |  |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Aden           |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  5 cents  |15|15|30|60|90|1.20|
Africa, West   |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |Letter rate|   Letter rate     |
  Coast of     |  |  |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Algeria        |17|34|  51|  68|1.36| 17  | Book rate |*5|10|20|40|60|  80|
               |  |  |    |    |    |1/4 oz.|           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Ascension      |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  3 cents  |13|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Australia,     |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  5 cents  |15|15|30|60|90|1.20|
  South.       |  |  |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Australia,     |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  5 cents  |15|15|30|60|90|1.20|
  Western      |  |  |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Austria        |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Azores         |19|27|  46|  54|  83| 25  |  5 cents  |11|15|30|60|90|1.20|
Baden          |19|38|  57|  76|  95| 19  | Book rate |*5|10|20|40|60|  80|
               |  |  |    |    |    |1/4 oz.|           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Bavaria        |19|38|  57|  76|  95| 19  | Book rate |*5|10|20|40|60|  80|
               |  |  |    |    |    |1/4 oz.|           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Belgium        |19|19|  38|  38|  76| 25  | Book rate | 5|10|20|40|60|  80|
Belize         |19|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  3 cents  | 3|10|25|50|75|1.00|
  (Honduras)   |  |  |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Borneo         |35|35|  70|  70|1.40| 25  |Letter rate|   Letter rate     |
Bourbon        |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |Letter rate|   Letter rate     |
Brazil         |35|35|  70|  70|1.40| 25  |Letter rate|   Letter rate     |
Bremen         |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Brunswick      |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Buenos Ayres   |35|35|  70|  70|1.40| 25  |Letter rate|   Letter rate     |
Cape de Verde  |19|27|  46|  54|  88| 25  |  5 cents  |11|15|30|60|90|1.20|
Cape of Good   |  |  |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
  Hope         |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  3 cents  |13|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Canary Islands |23|35|  58|  70|1.05| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|38|50|  62|
Ceylon         |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  5 cents  |15|15|30|60|90|1.20|
Chili          |60|60|1.20|1.20|2.40| 25  |Letter rate|   Letter rate     |
China          |35|35|  70|  70|1.40| 25  |Letter rate|   Letter rate     |
Constantinople |21|42|  63|  84|1.05| 25  | Book rate |*5|10|20|40|60|  80|
Dardanelles    |21|42|  63|  84|1.05| 21  | Book rate |*5|10|20|40|60|  80|
               |  |  |    |    |    |1/4 oz.|           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Denmark        |29|29|  58|  58|1.16| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Egypt          |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Falkland       |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  3 cents  |13|13|25|50|75|1.00|
  Islands      |  |  |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Fernando Po    |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |Letter rate|   Letter rate     |
France         |17|34|  51|  68|1.36| 17  | Book rate |*5|10|20|40|60|  80|
               |  |  |    |    |    |1/4 oz.|           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Frankfort      |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Galatz         |21|42|  63|  84|1.05| 21  | Book rate |*5|10|20|40|60|  80|
               |  |  |    |    |    |1/4 oz.|           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Gallipoli      |21|42|  63|  84|1.05| 21  | Book rate |*5|10|20|40|60|  80|
Gambia         |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  3 cents  |13|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Gibraltar      |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  3 cents  |13|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Gold Coast     |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  3 cents  |13|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Greece         |29|58|  87|1.16|1.45| 29  | Book rate |*5|10|20|40|60|  80|
               |  |  |    |    |    |1/4 oz.|           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Hamburg        |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Hanover        |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Hayti          |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |Letter rate|   Letter rate     |
Heligoland     |27|27|  54|  54|1.08| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Hesse          |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Hesse Homburg  |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Holland        |19|19|  38|  38|  76| 25  |  3 cents  | 5|10|20|40|60|  80|
Hong Kong      |35|35|  70|  70|1.40| 25  |  5 cents  |15|15|30|60|90|1.20|
India          |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  5 cents  |15|15|30|60|90|1.20|
Ionian Islands |31|31|  62|  62|1.22| 25  |  3 cents  |13|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Italy          |21|31|  52|  62|  93| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|38|50|  62|
Lauenburg      |25|25|  50|  50|1.00| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Liberia        |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |Letter rate|   Letter rate     |
Lippe Detmold  |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Lubeck         |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Madeira        |19|27|  46|  54|  83| 25  |  5 cents  |11|15|30|60|90|1.20|
Malta          |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  3 cents  |13|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Mauritius      |28|28|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  5 cents  |15|15|30|60|90|1.20|
Mecklenburg    |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Moldavia       |35|35|  70|  70|1.40| 25  |   ditto   | 6| 1|25|50|75|1.00|
Mytelene       |21|42|  63|  84|1.05| 21  |   ditto   |*5|10|20|40|60|  80|
               |  |  |    |    |    |1/4 oz.|           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Monte Video    |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |Letter rate|   Letter rate     |
Nassau,        |  |  |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
  Duchy of     |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Natal          |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  3 cents  |13|13|25|50|75|1.00|
New South Wales|23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  5   "    |15|15|30|60|90|1.20|
New Zealand    |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  5   "    |15|15|30|60|90|1.20|
Norway         |40|40|  80|  80|1.60| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Oldenburg      |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |   ditto   | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Papal States   |29|58|  87|1.16|1.45| 29  |   ditto   |*5|10|20|40|60|  80|
               |  |  |    |    |    |1/4 oz.|           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Penang         |35|35|  70|  70|1.40| 25  |  5 cents  |15|15|30|60|90|1.20|
Poland         |31|31|  62|  62|1.22|25 & | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
               |  |  |    |    |    |81/4 oz.          |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Portugal       |23|35|  58|  70|1.05| 23  |  5 cents  |11|15|30|60|90|1.20|
               |  |  |    |    |    |1/4 oz.|           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Prussia        |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Reuss          |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |   ditto   | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Rhodes         |21|42|  63|  84|1.05| 21  |   ditto   |*5|10|20|40|60|  80|
               |  |  |    |    |    |1/4 oz.|           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Russia         |31|31|  62|  62|1.22|25 & |   ditto   | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
               |  |  |    |    |    |81/4 oz.          |  |  |  |  |  |    |
St. Helena     |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  3 cents  |13|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Samsoun        |21|42|  63|  84|1.05| 21  | Book rate | 5|10|20|40|60|  80|
               |  |  |    |    |    |1/4 oz.|           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Salonica       |21|42|  63|  84|1.05| 21  |   ditto   | 5|10|20|40|60|  80|
               |  |  |    |    |    |1/4 oz.|           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Sardinia       |  |  |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
  (see Italy)  |--|--| -- |  --|  --| --  |    --     |--|--|--|--|--| -- |
Saxe Altenburg |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |   ditto   | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
  Cobourg Gotha|23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |   ditto   | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
  Meiningen    |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |   ditto   | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
  Weimar       |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |   ditto   | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Saxony         |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Schaumburg     |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |   ditto   | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
  Lippe        |     |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Schwartzburg   |     |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
  Rudolstadt   |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |   ditto   | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
  Sondershausen|23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |   ditto   | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Seutari        |29|29|  58|  58|1.16| 25  |   ditto   | 5|10|20|40|60|  80|
Seres          |29|29|  58|  58|1.16| 25  |   ditto   | 5|10|20|40|60|  80|
Sicilies, Two  |--|--| -- | -- | -- | --  |    --     |--|--|--|--|--| -- |
  (see Italy)  |  |  |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Singapore      |35|35|  70|  70|1.40| 25  | 5 cents   |15|15|30|60|90|1.80|
Sierra Leone   |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  | 3   "     |13|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Smyrna         |21|42|  63|  84|1.05| 21  |Book rate  |*5|10|20|40|60|  80|
               |  |  |    |    |    |1/4 oz.|           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Spain          |23|35|  58|  70|1.05| 25  |   ditto   |*6|13|25|38|50|  62|
Surinam        |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |Letter rate|   Letter rate     |
Sweden         |35|35|  70|  70|1.40| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
Switzerland    |19|38|  57|  76|  95| 19  |   ditto   |*5|10|20|40|60|  80|
               |  |  |    |    |    |1/4 oz.|           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Syria          |21|42|  63|  84|1.05| 25  |   ditto   |*5|10|20|40|60|  80|
Tasmania       |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  5 cents  |15|15|30|60|90|1.20|
Trebizond      |21|42|  63|  84|1.05| 21  | Book rate | 5|10|20|40|60|  80|
               |  |  |    |    |    |1/4 oz.|           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Tultcha        |21|42|  63|  84|1.05| 21  |   ditto   | 5|10|20|40|60|  80|
               |  |  |    |    |    |1/4 oz.|           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Tunis          |19|38|  57|  76|  95| 25  |   ditto   |*5|10|20|40|60|  80|
Turkey in      |29|29|  58|  58|1.16| 29  |   ditto   | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
  Europe       |  |  |    |    |    |1/4 oz.|           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
  (except      |  |  |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
   places      |  |  |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
   specified)  |  |  |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Varna          |21|42|  63|  84|1.05| 21  |   ditto   | 5|10|20|40|60|  80|
               |  |  |    |    |    |1/4 oz.|           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
Venezuela      |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |Letter rate|   Letter rate     |
Victoria       |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  5 cents  |15|15|30|60|90|1.20|
Wallachia      |40|40|  80|  80|1.60| 25  | Book rate | 6|13|25|50|75|1.00|
  (except      |  |  |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
  places       |  |  |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
  specified)   |  |  |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
West Indies,   |  |  |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
  British      |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |  5 cents  |13|13|25|50|75|1.00|
  Foreign      |23|23|  46|  46|  92| 25  |Letter rate|   Letter rate     |
    (except    |  |  |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
    places     |  |  |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
    specified) |  |  |    |    |    |     |           |  |  |  |  |  |    |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/


<b>By CUNARD STEAMERS, sailing every WEDNESDAY from New York and Boston
alternately</b>.

Add to the rates by Canadian Ocean Steamers 5 cents per half-ounce for
Letters and 2 cents each for Newspapers. The registration fees are the
same as by Canadian Steamers. Book Packets are not forwarded by the
Cunard Line of Steamers.





/*
<b>BY UNITED STATES</b>.

Letters intended to be forwarded "<i>Via</i> the United States," should be so
addressed. Prepayment required in all cases except in those marked with
an asterisk (*).


      KEY:
        A: Not exceeding 1/2 oz.
        B: Above 1/2 oz. and not exceeding 1 oz.
        C: Registration fee on each.
        D: For each Newspaper.
        E: Pamphlets. Postage per oz.





===========================================================================
                               |      LETTER RATE.      |        |
                               |------------------------|        |
COUNTRIES.                     |   A    |   B    |  C   |   D    |   E
-------------------------------+--------+--------+------+------------------
                               | cents. | cents. | cts. | cents. | cents.
Acapulco                       |   20   |   40   |   5  |    3   |    2
Aspinwall                      |   20   |   40   |   5  |    3   |    2
Bahamas                        |   15   |   30   |   5  |    3   |    2
Bermuda                        |   20   |   40   |   5  |    3   |    2
Bogota                         |   28   |   56   |   5  |    7   |    5
Bolivia                        |   44   |   88   |   5  |    7   |    5
British Columbia               |   25   |   50   |   5  |    2   |   --
California                     |  *15   |  *30   |   5  |    1   |    1
Central America--Pacific       |        |        |      |        |
  Slope, <i>via</i> Panama     |   30   |   60   |   5  |    3   |    2
Chagres, New Granada           |   20   |   40   |   5  |    3   |    2
Chili                          |   44   |   88   |   5  |    7   |    5
Costa Rica                     |   44   |   88   |   5  |    7   |   --
Cuba                           |   20   |   40   |   5  |    3   |    2
Ecuador                        |   44   |   88   |   5  |    7   |    5
Greytown                       |   44   |   88   |   5  |    7   |   --
Guatemala                      |   44   |   88   |   5  |    7   |   --
Havana                         |   20   |   40   |   5  |    3   |    2
Honduras                       |   44   |   88   |   5  |    7   |   --
Mexico                         |   30   |   60   |   5  |    3   |    2
Nassau                         |   15   |   30   |   5  |    3   |    2
Newfoundland (in closed Mail)  |        |        |      |        |
  <i>via</i> Boston            |   20   |   40   |   5  |    3   |    1
New Granada                    |   30   |   60   |   5  |    7   |   --
Nova Scotia (in closed Mail)   |        |        |      |        |
  <i>via</i> Boston            |   13   |   25   |   5  |    1   |    1
Oregon                         |   15   |   30   |   5  |    1   |    1
Panama                         |   30   |   60   |   5  |    3   |    2
Peru                           |   32   |   64   |   5  |    7   |    5
Porto Rico                     |   44   |   88   |   5  |    7   |    5
Red River                      |  *10   |  *20   |   5  |    1   |    1
Sandwich Islands <i>via</i>    |        |        |      |        |
  San Francisco                |   20   |   40   |   5  |    2   |    2
St. Thomas <i>via</i> Jamaica  |   23   |   56   |   5  |    7   |   --
     Do. <i>via</i> Havana     |   44   |   88   |   5  |    7   |   --
United States:                 |        |        |      |        |
     Not exceeding 2,500 miles |  *10   |  *20   |   5  |    1   |    1
     Exceeding 2,500 do.       |  *15   |  *30   |   5  |    1   |    1
Vancouver's Island             |   25   |   50   |   5  |    2   |    1
West Indies, British           |   20   |   40   |   5  |    3   |    2
     Do. Foreign, except Cuba  |   44   |   88   |   5  |    7   |    2
*/