Produced by Louise Hope, David Starner and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net





[Transcriber's Note:
The five songs marked [**music] were printed with musical notation. The
music is available in .png format in the "images" directory accompanying
the html version of this text, or as a separate document in .ly format
(lilypond, compilable to .pdf).]




                 A HANDBOOK FOR

                  LATIN CLUBS


                      by
                 SUSAN PAXSON

  TEACHER of LATIN in the CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL
                  Omaha, Neb.




        D. C. Heath & Company, Publishers
            Boston  New York  Chicago


                Copyright, 1916,
              By D. C. Heath & Co.


       *       *       *       *       *


                    PREFACE


The Latin Club in secondary schools is the result of the incessant
demand that our Latin instruction must be vivified. Many teachers feel
the need of supplementary work in their Latin teaching, but they have
been handicapped because of a lack of material as well as a lack of
time. This is especially true of the teacher in the small town. To help
meet this demand is the purpose of this book.

The programs have purposely been made too long for one session in order
that the teacher may have some choice in selection, and that, in case
all references are not accessible, enough may be secured to insure a
reasonably varied program.

I would suggest that the Club purchase as many Perry pictures and Berlin
photographs of classical subjects as possible and that its members
coöperate with the city library board for the purchase of such books
as are essential, in case there is no school fund available for this
purpose. Some high school alumnus in whose heart there is appreciation
of Rome's gift to us might present a book to his Alma Mater. Another
might offer some suitable magazines, properly bound.

Of a Latin Club, as of most school work, it may be said that _usus est
optimus magister_, and especially applicable in this connection are the
words of Horace: _Dimidium facti, qui coepit_.

  Omaha, Nebraska,

    June, 1916




                    CONTENTS


PROGRAMS

The Value of Latin
Pompeii
Ancient Rome
The Roman Forum
The Roman House
Roman Slaves
Roman Children
Education among the Romans
Some Common Professions and Trades among the Romans
Roman Doctors
The Roman Soldier
Caesar
Cicero
Vergil
Horace
Roman Literature
Some Famous Women of Ancient Rome
Roman Holidays
Funeral Customs and Burial Places
Roman Games
Some Famous Buildings of Ancient Rome
Some Famous Roman Letters
Some Ancient Romans of Fame
A Roman Banquet
Roman Roads
Some Roman Gods
Some Famous Temples of Ancient and Modern Rome
Some Religious Customs
Some Famous Pictures and Sculpture
Roman Book and Libraries
Ancient Myths and Legends
The Ancient Myth in Modern Literature
What English Owes to Greek
Modern Rome
Italy of To-day
O Tempora! O Mores!


SELECTIONS THAT MAY BE USED FOR THE PROGRAMS

A Plea for the Classics                 _Eugene Field_
On an Old Latin Text Book            _T. W. Higginson_
St. Augustine's Love of Latin            _Andrew Lang_
The Watch of the Old Gods
Old and New Rome                     _Herman Merivale_
The Fall of Rome                  _Arthur Chamberlain_
A Christmas Hymn                      _Alfred Dommett_
Roman Girl's Song                        _Mrs. Hemans_
Capri                            _Walter Taylor Field_
Palladium                             _Matthew Arnold_
After Construing                        _A. C. Benson_
A Roman Mirror                          _Rennell Rodd_
The Doom of the Slothful      _John Addington Symonds_
Hector and Andromache
    Schiller                    _Tr. Sir E. B. Lytton_
Enceladus                        _Henry W. Longfellow_
Nil Admirari                            _John G. Saxe_
Perdidi Diem                          _Mrs. Sigourney_
Jupiter and His Children                _John G. Saxe_
The Prayer of Socrates                _John H. Finley_
By the Roman Road                          _Anonymous_
A Nymph's Lament                         _Nora Hopper_
Helen of Troy                            _Nora Hopper_
An Etruscan Ring                       _J. W. Mackail_
Orpheus With His Lute            _William Shakespeare_
A Hymn in Praise of Neptune           _Thomas Campion_
Horace's Philosophy of Life
                             _Tr. Sir Theodore Martin_
An Invitation to Dine Written by Horace to Vergil
                             _Tr. Sir Theodore Martin_
The Golden Mean. Horace               _Tr. Wm. Cowper_
To the Reader. Martial                _Tr. Lord Byron_
On Portia. Martial                          _Tr. Lamb_
To Potitus. Martial                     _Tr. John Hay_
What Is Given To Friends Is Not Lost.         Martial
To Cotilus. Martial                        _Tr. Elton_
The Happy Life. Martial     _Tr. Sir Richard Fanshawe_
To a Schoolmaster. Martial              _Tr. John Hay_
Epitaph on Erotion. Martial           _Tr. Leigh Hunt_
Non Amo Te
Gratitude                               _Robert Burns_
A Hymn to the Lares                   _Robert Herrick_
Elysium. Schiller       _Tr. Sir Edward Bulwer Lytton_
Orpheus                               _Robert Herrick_
Cerberus                              _Oliver Herford_
The Harpy                             _Oliver Herford_
Cupid and the Bee                           _Anacreon_
The Assembly of the Gods. A. Tassoni   _Tr. A. Werner_
A Model Young Lady of Antiquity    _Pliny the Younger_
  Translation                       _Alfred J. Church_
To Lesbia's Sparrow                         _Catullus_
  Translation                                  _Elton_
Cicero                                      _Catullus_
  Translation                           _Charles Lamb_
De Patientia                         _Thomas à Kempis_
The Favorite Prayer of Mary Queen of Scots
Ultime Thule                                  _Seneca_
  Translation
The Roman of Old                           _Anonymous_
Ich bin Dein
Malum Opus                           _James A. Morgan_
Felis
Amantis Res Adversae
Puer ex Jersey


SONGS THAT MAY BE USED FOR THE PROGRAMS

Flevit Lepus Parvulus
Carmen Vitae
    Longfellow                _Tr. Benjamin L. D'Ooge_
Gaudeamus Igitur
Lauriger Horatius
America                        _Tr. George D. Kellogg_
Integer Vitae                                 _Horace_
Rock of Ages
    Toplady                    _Tr. William Gladstone_
Dies Irae                           _Thomas of Celano_
Ad Sanctum Spiritus        _Robert II, King of France_
Adeste Fideles
De Nativitate Domini


BIBLIOGRAPHY


       *       *       *       *       *


                    PROGRAMS


       *       *       *       *       *


THE VALUE OF LATIN

  "Latin is the most logically constructed of all the languages, and
  will help more effectually than any other study to strengthen the
  brain centres that must be used when any reasoning is required."
      --Dr. Frank Sargent Hoffman


THE LATIN LANGUAGE.
  Mosaics in History. Arthur Gilman. _Chautauqua_. Vol. ii, p. 317.
  _Illustrated History of Ancient Literature_. John D. Quackenbos.
    P. 305.

A SHORT STORY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
  Jessie A. Chase. _Saint Nicholas_. Vol. xxvi, p. 593.

THE VALUE OF LATIN.
  The Advantages which accrue from a Classical Education. Caroline
    R. Gaston. _Education_. Vol. xxiii, p. 257.
  The Study of Cæsar. Adeline A. Knight. _Education_. Vol. viii,
    p. 188.
  A Plea for Culture. T.W. Higginson. _Atlantic Monthly_. Vol. xix,
    p. 29.
  The Nature of Culture Studies. R.M. Wenley. _School Review_. Vol.
    xiii, p. 441.
  The Teaching of Second Year Latin. H.W. Johnston. _School Review_.
    Vol. x, p. 72.

ESSAY.
  What I have gained from the Study of Latin.

THE VALUE OF LATIN AS A PREPARATION FOR THE STUDY OF MEDICINE.
  The Advantages that accrue from a Classical Education. Caroline R.
    Gaston. _Education_. Vol. xxiii, p. 351.
  The Value of Greek and Latin to the Medical Student. Victor C.
    Vaughan. _School Review_. Vol. xiv, p. 389.
  _Latin and Greek in American Education_. Francis W. Kelsey.
    Chap. iv.

THE PLACE OF THE HUMANITIES IN THE TRAINING OF ENGINEERS.
  _Latin and Greek in American Education_. Francis W. Kelsey.
    Chap. iv.
  The Value of the Humanistic Studies as a Preparation for the Study
    of Engineering. Herbert C. Sadler. _School Review_. Vol. xiv,
    p. 400.

THE VALUE OF LATIN AS A TRAINING FOR PRACTICAL LIFE.
  _Latin and Greek in American Education_. Francis W. Kelsey.
    Chap. iv.
  _Bulletin of the Missouri State Normal School_ (1909). P. 19.
  The Practical Value of Humanistic Studies. Wm. Gardner Hale.
    _School Review_. Vol. xix, p. 657.

THE VALUE OF LATIN TO THE BUSINESS GIRL.
  Latin as a Vocational Study in the Commercial Course. Albert S.
    Perkins. _The Classical Journal_. Vol. x, p.7.

ROME'S GIFT TO US.
  The Indebtedness of the English Language to the Latin. Federico
    Garlanda. _Chautauqua_. Vol. xi, p. 10.
  _A First Year Latin Book_. (Introduction.) Wm. Gardner Hale.

THE VALUE OF LATIN AS A TRAINING FOR THE LAWYER.
  _Bulletin of the Missouri State Normal School_ (1909). P. 17.
  _Will Latin follow Greek out of the High School_. Joseph P. Behm.
    _Classical Weekly_. Vol. vii, p. 25.

POEM.--A Plea for the Classics. EUGENE FIELD.




POMPEII

  "There is nothing on the earth, or under it, like Pompeii."
    --W. D. Howells


POEM.--Pompeii.
  _Poetical Works_. Mrs. Sigourney. P. 270.

THE CITY OF POMPEII BEFORE THE DESTRUCTION.
  _The Last Days of Pompeii_. Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton. P. 89.

THE DESTRUCTION OF POMPEII.
  _The Last Days of Pompeii_. Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton. P. 366.

POEM.--The Earthquake.
  Whittier's _Complete Poems_. P. 487.

A LETTER FROM PLINY THE YOUNGER TO TACITUS.
  The Eruption of Vesuvius. Pliny the Younger. _Century_. Vol. lxiv,
    p. 642.
  The Eruption of Vesuvius. Translation of Pliny's letter. _Readings
    in Ancient History_. Hutton Webster. P. 248.
  A Doomed City. Arranged from Pliny's Letters. _Chautauqua_. Vol.
    xviii, p. 506.

VESUVIUS, DESTROYER OF CITIES.
  B.F. Fisher. _Cosmopolitan_. Vol. xxxii, p. 573.
  _Peeps at Many Lands_. Italy. John Finnemore. Chap. xiv, p. 61.

A DAY IN POMPEII AS DESCRIBED BY SHELLEY.
  _The Prose Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley_. Harry Buxton Forman.
    Vol. iv, p. 71.
  _With Shelley in Italy_. Anna B. McMahan. P. 187.

A DAY IN POMPEII AS DESCRIBED BY HOWELLS.
  _Italian Journeys_. W.D. Howells. Chap. viii.

POEM.--Pompeii.
  Edgar Fawcett. _Cosmopolitan_. Vol. xxiv, p. 182.

THE INTERIOR OF A POMPEIAN HOUSE.
  H.G. Huntington. _Cosmopolitan_. Vol. xxiv, p. 521.

A MUNICIPAL ELECTION IN A.D. 79.
  _Littell's Living Age_. Vol. ccxlii, p. 188.

RECENT EXCAVATIONS AND DISCOVERIES IN POMPEII.
  John L. Stoddard's _Lectures_. Naples. Vol. viii.

A DAY IN POMPEII AS DESCRIBED BY DICKENS.
  _Pictures from Italy_. Charles Dickens. P. 164.

PROBING POMPEII.
  Antonio Sogliano. _Cosmopolitan_. Vol. liii, p. 760.

POEM.--The Eruption of Vesuvius.
  _Poems_. Victor Hugo. P. 112.




ANCIENT ROME

  "Yet wears thy Tiber's shore
    A mournful mien--
  Rome, Rome! Thou art no more
    As thou hast been."
      --Mrs. Hemans


ROLL CALL.
  Quotations referring to Rome from Byron's "Childe Harold" or other
    poems.

THE TOPOGRAPHY OF ROME.
  _A Day in Ancient Rome_. Edgar S. Shumway. P. 5.
  _Social Life at Rome in the Age of Cicero_. W. Warde Fowler.
    Chap. i.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. Chap. iv.
  _Ancient History_. Hutton Webster. P. 631.

ROME: THE ETERNAL CITY.
  The Eternal City. Lyman Abbott. _Harper's Magazine_. Vol. xliv,
    p. 1.
  New Splendors of Old Rome. Dante Vaglieri. _Cosmopolitan_. Vol.
    lii, p. 440.

A WALK IN ANCIENT ROME.
  A Walk in Rome. Oscar Kuhns. _Chautauqua_. Vol. xxxiv, P. 56.

THE WATERWORKS OF ROME.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, p. 461.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. P. 299.

POEM.--A Roman Aqueduct.
  _Poetical Works_. Oliver Wendell Holmes. P. 326.

THE GARDENS.
  The Gardens of Ancient Rome and What Grew in them. St. Clair
    Baddely, _Littell's Living Age_. Vol. ccxxxix, p. 458.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, P. 475, 533.

POEM.--A Roman Garden.
  Florence Wilkinson. _Current Literature_. Vol. xliii, p. 570.

THE FOUNTAINS.
  Roman Fountains. E. McAuliffe. _Catholic World_. Vol. lxxvii,
    p. 209.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, p. 464.
  _Roba di Roma_. William W. Story. Chapter xvii.
  _The Prose Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley_. Harry Buxton Forman.
    Vol. iv, p. 96.
  _With Shelley in Italy_. Anna B. McMahan. P 99.
  _Walks in Rome_. Augustus J.C. Hare. P. 305.

POEM.--The Fountain of Trevi.
  _Poetical Works_. Bayard Taylor. P. 91.

HAWTHORNE'S DESCRIPTION OF THE FOUNTAIN OF TREVI.
  _Walks in Rome_. Augustus J.C. Hare. P. 65.

POEM.--The Fountain.
  _Poetical Works_. James R. Lowell. P. 10.

A STROLL IN ROME AS DESCRIBED BY HORACE.
  _A Day in Ancient Rome_. Edgar S. Shumway. P. 51.

THE BURNING OF ROME.
  Tacitus. _Annales_. Chap. xv.
  _Readings in Ancient History_. Hutton Webster. P. 232.
  _Readings in Ancient History_. Rome and the West. William Stearns
    Davis. P. 192.
  _Illustrated History of Ancient Literature_. John D. Quackenbos.
    P. 414.
  _Foreign Classics in English_. William Cleaver Wilkinson. Vol. iv,
    p. 105.

THE SKY SCRAPERS OF ROME.
  Rodolfo Lanciani. _North American Review_. Vol. clxii, p. 45.

POEM.--Nero's Incendiary Song.
  _Poems_. Victor Hugo. P. 31.

POEM.--_Urbs, Roma, Vale_.
  _Littell's Living Age_. J.P.M. Vol. cliv, p. 575; vol. clv,
    p. 447.
  _Blackwood's Magazine_. Vol. cxxxii, pp. 176, 490, 781.




THE ROMAN FORUM

 "In many a heap the ground
  Heaves, as if Ruin in a frantic mood
  Had done its utmost. Here and there appears,
  As left to show his handiwork, not ours,
  An idle column, a half-buried arch,
  A wall of some great temple."
    --Rogers


THE TOPOGRAPHY OF THE FORUM.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. P. 82.
  _A Day in Ancient Rome_. Edgar S. Shumway. Pp. 21, 43.
  _The Remains of Ancient Rome_. J.H. Middleton. Vol. i, p. 231.
  _Ancient History_. Hutton Webster. P. 636.

THE ROMAN CAPITOL.
  Eugene Lawrence. _Harper's Magazine_. Vol. xliv, p. 570.

THE ROSTRA.
  _Rome of To-day and Yesterday_. John Dennie. Pp. 65, 117.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, P. 356.

THE MAMERTINE PRISON.
  _Rome of To-day and Yesterday_. John Dennie. P. 35.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. P. 75.
  _A Day in Ancient Rome_. Edgar S. Shumway. P. 22.

DICKENS' DESCRIPTION OF THE MAMERTINE PRISON.
  _A Day in Ancient Rome_. Edgar S. Shumway. P. 21.

RECENT EXCAVATIONS IN THE FORUM AS SEEN BY A TRAVELER.
  _Roma Beata_. Maud Howe. P. 254.

THE ROMAN FORUM AS CICERO SAW IT.
  Walter Dennison. _The Classical Journal_. Vol. iii, p. 318.

CICERO'S HOUSE NEAR THE FORUM.
  _Walks in Rome_. Augustus J.C. Hare. P. 249.

A ROMAN STREET SCENE.
  _Gallus_. W.A. Becker. P. 43.

POEM.--The Pillar of Trajan.
  _Complete Poetical Works_. William Wordsworth. P. 652.

NERO'S GOLDEN HOUSE.
  _Rome of To-day and Yesterday_. John Dennie. P. 192.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, p. 342.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 369.
  _The Golden House of Nero_. J.G. Winter. _Classical Weekly_. Vol.
    vii, p. 163.

THE LAPIS NIGER.
  _Roma Beata_. Maud Howe. Pp. 163, 260.

POMPEY'S THEATER.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, P. 374.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. P. 190.

THE ROMAN FORUM AS IT APPEARS TO-DAY.
  _Roman Holidays and Others_. W.D. Howells. P. 96.

POEM.--In the Roman Forum
  Amelia Josephine Burr. _Literary Digest_. Vol. xlviii, p. 1130.




THE ROMAN HOUSE

  "Here is my religion, here is my race, here are the traces of my
  forefathers. I cannot express the charm which I find here, and which
  penetrates my heart and my senses."
    --Cicero: _Pro Domo_.


THE PLAN OF THE ROMAN HOUSE.
  _Callus_. W.A. Becker. P. 237.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 357.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. Chap. vi.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William R. Inge. Chap. x.

THE HEATING AND LIGHTING OF THE HOUSE.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 457.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. Chap. vi.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. Pp. 78, 269.

THE INTERIOR OF THE HOUSE.
  _Social Life at Rome in the Age of Cicero_. W. Warde Fowler. Chap.
    viii.
  The Interior of a Pompeian House. H.G. Huntington. _Cosmopolitan_.
    Vol. xxiv, p. 52.

HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE.
  _Gallus_. W.A. Becker. P. 295.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. W.R. Inge. Chap. x.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. Chap. vi.
  _A Day in Ancient Rome_. Edgar S. Shumway. P. 77.

THE PALATINE: HOME OF THE ARISTOCRACY.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara E. Clement. Vol. i, p. 324.
  _Walks in Rome_. Augustus J.C. Hare. Pp. 225, 249.

A HAUNTED HOUSE.
  C. Pliny. _Epist._ 7, 27, 5-11.




ROMAN SLAVES

  "Is not a slave of the same stuff as you, his lord? Does he not
  enjoy the same sun, breathe the same air, die, even as you do? Then
  let your slave worship rather than dread you. Scorn not any man. The
  Universe is the common parent of us all."
    --Seneca


THE ROMAN SLAVE.
  _Gallus_. W.A. Becker. P. 200.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, P. 530.
  _Caesar_. A Sketch. James Anthony Froude. Chap. ii.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. Chap. v.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 511.
  _Ancient History_. Hutton Webster. P. 596.

THE ROMAN SLAVE AS SEEN IN LITERATURE.
  _Vergilius_. Irving Bacheller. P. 38.
  _A Friend of Caesar_. William Stearns Davis. Chap. ii, pp. 33, 44.

TREATMENT OF SLAVES.
  Cato: _On Agriculture_. Translation in _Source Book of Roman
    History_. Dana C. Munro. P. 184.
  Letter of Pliny the Younger. Translation in _Readings in Ancient
    History_. Hutton Webster. P. 245.

THE HOUSEHOLD SLAVE.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 513.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William R. Inge. P. 160.

SLAVES AS PHYSICIANS.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 526.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. P. 71.

TRIMALCHIO'S COOK.
  _Trimalchio's Dinner_. Harry Thurston Peck. P. 115.

SENECA'S OPINIONS UPON SLAVERY.
  _Readings in Ancient History_. Rome and the West. William Stearns
    Davis. P. 259.

DIALOGUE.--A Slave Owner and His Slaves.
  _Readings in Ancient History_. Rome and the West. William Stearns
    Davis. P. 90.




ROMAN CHILDREN

 "Pueri mei sunt mea ornamenta."
    --Cornelia


THE ROMAN CHILD.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. P. 67.

HIS PETS AND GAMES.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. P. 73.

HIS PLAYTHINGS.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. P. 71.
  _Second Latin Book_. Miller and Beeson. Introduction. P. 20.

A ROMAN BOY AS DESCRIBED BY PETRONIUS.
  _Trimalchio's Dinner_. Harry Thurston Peck. P. 112.

CICERO'S SON.
  _Roman Life in the Days of Cicero_. Alfred J. Church. Chap. ii.

A ROMAN BOY'S BIRTHDAY.
  Bertha A. Bush. _Saint Nicholas_. Vol. xxii, p. 38.

THE STORY OF A ROMAN BOY.
  _Second Latin Book_. Miller and Beeson. Introduction.

POEM.--A Girl's Funeral in Milan.
  _In the Garden of Dreams_. Louise Chandler Moulton. P. 39.

ROMAN CHILDREN ON THEIR WAY TO SCHOOL.
  _Second Latin Book_. Miller and Beeson. Introduction. P. 24.

POEM.--To Lesbia's Sparrow.




EDUCATION AMONG THE ROMANS

 "Iam tristis nucibus puer relictis
  Clamoso revocatur a magistro."
    --Martial


ODE.--To a Schoolmaster.
  _The Epigrams of Martial_. Book x: lxii.

EDUCATION AMONG THE ROMANS.
  _A Literary History of Rome_. J. Wight Duff. P. 49.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. Chap. iv.
  _Social Life at Rome in the Age of Cicero_. W. Warde Fowler.
    Chap. vi.

WAGES OF SCHOOLMASTERS IN ANCIENT ROME.
  R.F. Leighton. _Education_. Vol. iv, p. 506.

THE TROUBLES OF THE ROMAN SCHOOLMASTER.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William R. Inge. Chap. vi.

THE PUNISHMENT OF PUPILS.
  _Roman Life in the Days of Cicero_. Alfred J. Church. P. 15.
  _Readings in Ancient History_. Rome and the West. William Stearns
    Davis. P. 230.

CATO'S TRAINING OF HIS SON.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, p. 525.
  _Social Life at Rome in the Age of Cicero_. W. Warde Fowler. Chap.
    vi, p. 172.

A LETTER WRITTEN BY CICERO'S SON WHILE AT COLLEGE.
  _Social Life at Rome in the Age of Cicero_. W. Warde Fowler. Chap.
    vi, p. 199.
  _Masterpieces of Latin Literature_. Gordon J. Laing. P. 176.

THE BOY POET SULPICIUS: A Tragedy of Roman Education.
  J. Raleigh Nelson. _School Review_. Vol. xi, p. 384.




SOME COMMON PROFESSIONS AND TRADES AMONG THE ROMANS

  "Rome had her great shopping district (mainly on streets leading
  into the Forum), and seemingly her 'department stores'; also her
  class of inveterate shoppers."
    --_Readings in Ancient History_. William Stearns Davis, p. 225.


POEM.--Pan in Wall Street.
  Edmund Clarence Stedman. _Atlantic Monthly_. Vol. xix, p. 118.
  _The Classic Myths in English Literature_. Charles Mills Gayley.
    Chap. xv, p. 183.

HOW A WELL-TO-DO ROMAN SPENT HIS DAY.
  _Social Life at Rome in the Age of Cicero_. W. Warde Fowler.
    Chap. ix.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William Ralph Inge. Chap.
    viii.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. P. 308.
  _Ancient History_. Hutton Webster. P. 581.

BANKING AND MONEY LENDING.
  _Social Life at Rome in the Age of Cicero_. W. Warde Fowler.
    Chap. iii, p. 80.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. P. 306.

A ROMAN AUTHOR.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William Ralph Inge. Chap. vi.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. P. 296.

THE BAKER.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 521.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. P. 191.

THE FLORIST.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. P. 273.

THE LAWYER.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William Ralph Inge. Chap. vi.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. P. 301.

A ROMAN CRAFT SET AT NOUGHT BY PAUL.
  _Bible_. Acts, Chap. xix, v. 21 ff.

SOME BUSINESS ADVERTISEMENTS.
  _Readings in Ancient History_. Rome and the West. William Stearns
    Davis. P. 263.

A BUSINESS PANIC IN ROME.
  _Readings in Ancient History_. Rome and the West. William Stearns
    Davis. P. 222.

THE VEXATIONS OF CITY LIFE.
  C. Pliny. _Epist._ i, 6. Translation in _Ancient Classics for
    English Readers_. Pliny. W. Lucas Collins. Chap. x, p. 124.




ROMAN DOCTORS

 "Mens sana in corpore sano."
    --Juvenal


THE SANITARY CONDITIONS OF ANCIENT ROME.
  _The Italians of To-day_. René Bazin. P. 121.
  _Roba di Roma_. William W. Story. Chap. vii.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. P. 70.

ROMAN DOCTORS.
  _Gallus_. W.A. Becker. P. 207.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. W.R. Inge. Chap. vi.
  _Roba di Roma_. William W. Story. P. 527.

REMEDIES FOR TOOTHACHE AND HYDROPHOBIA.
  _Illustrated History of Ancient Literature_. John D. Quakenbos.
    P. 404.

ANCIENT MICROBES.
  _Walks in Rome_. Augustus J.C. Hare. P. 416.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. P. 52.

THE FAITH CURE.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. Pp. 52, 68.

BAIAE: THE HEALTH RESORT.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. W.R. Inge. Chap. ix.

MEDICAL SERVICE IN THE ROMAN ARMY.
  Medicine in the Roman Army. Eugene Hugh Byrne. _Classical
    Journal_. Vol. v, p. 267.

THE STORY OF A ROMAN DOCTOR.
  _Lazy Tours in Spain_. Louise Chandler Moulton. P. 103.

THE PUBLIC BATHS.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. W.R. Inge. P. 232.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. P. 272.




THE ROMAN SOLDIER

 "Tu regere imperio populos, Romane, memento;
  hae tibi erunt artes; pacisque imponere morem
  parcere subiectis, et debellare superbos."
    --Vergil. _Aeneid_, vi, 851 ff.


THE ROMAN SOLDIER.
  _Caesar_. A Sketch. James Anthony Froude. Chap. xiv.

THE SOLDIER'S ARMOR.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 567.
  _The Genesis of Rome's Military Equipment_. Eugene S. McCartney.
  _Classical Weekly_. Vol. vi, p. 74.

CAESAR'S ART OF WAR.
  Caesar's Art of War and of Writing. _Atlantic Monthly_. Vol. xliv,
    p. 273.

CAESAR'S CARE FOR HIS SOLDIERS.
  _Caesar_. A Sketch. James Anthony Froude. Chap. xxiv.

DEBATE.
  Resolved that Caesar was justified in subduing Gaul.

DIALOGUE: A Roman Man o' War's Man.
  _Heroic Happenings_. E.S. Brooks. P. 63.

THE ITALIAN SOLDIER OF TO-DAY.
  _The Italians of To-day_. René Bazin. P. 66.

STUDYING CAESAR ON THE AISNE.
  _Literary Digest_. Vol. l, p. 919.

POEM.--Gods of War.
  _Literary Digest_. Vol. xlix, p. 1022.




CAESAR

  "The foremost man of all this world."
    --Shakespeare


THE BOYHOOD OF CAESAR.
  _Great Captains_. Caesar. Theodore A. Dodge. Chap. iii.
  _Roman Life in the Days of Cicero_. Alfred J. Church. Chap. viii.
  _Caesar_. A Sketch. James Anthony Froude. Chap. vi.

HIS PERSONAL APPEARANCE.
  _A History of Roman Literature_. Charles Thomas Cruttwell. P. 193.
  _Caesar_. A Sketch. James Anthony Froude. Chap. viii.

THE HABITS OF THE GAULS.
  _Great Captains_. Caesar. Theodore A. Dodge. Chap. iv.
  _Caesar_. A Sketch. James Anthony Froude. Chap. xiii.

CAESAR IN GAUL.
  _Caesar_. A Sketch. James Anthony Froude. Pp. 198, 217.

CAESAR'S ARMY AND A MODERN ARMY COMPARED.
  _Great Captains_. Theodore A. Dodge. Chaps. xxiii, xlvi.

THE ANIMALS OF THE HERCYNIAN FOREST.
  Grace G. Begle. _School Review_. Vol. viii, p. 457.

CAESAR'S FAVORITE HORSE.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, p. 362.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. P. 84.
  _Caesar_. A Sketch. James Anthony Froude. P. 537.

OUR ENGLISH FOREFATHERS AS DESCRIBED BY CAESAR.
  _Commentaries_. Caesar. Book v, Chaps. xii-xv.

CAESAR A GUEST AT THE HOME OF CICERO.
  _Foreign Classics in English_. William Cleaver Wilkinson. Vol. iv,
    p. 243.

THE DEATH OF CAESAR.
  _Julius Caesar_. William Shakespeare. Act iii, scene i.

A NEW VERSION OF THE DEATH OF CAESAR.
  _Harper's Magazine_. Vol. cxv, p. 655.

POEM.--The Lads of Liege.
  _The Present Hour_. Percy Mackaye. P. 35.
  _New York Times_. Sept. 2, 1914.




CICERO

  "Caesar alone excepted, no ancient Roman has been so widely, so
  continuously, and so intensely alive since his death, as has been
  Marcus Tullius Cicero."
    --Wilkinson


THE HOUSE WHERE CICERO WAS BORN.
  _Roman Life in the Days of Cicero_. Alfred J. Church. Chap. vi.

HIS FAVORITE HOUSE.
  _Roman Life in the Days of Cicero_. Alfred J. Church. P. 121.

CICERO, THE MAN.
  Cicero. John Lord. _Chautauqua_. Vol. ii, p. 563.
  _Foreign Classics in English_. William Cleaver Wilkinson. Vol. iv.
    Chap. vii.

CICERO, THE ORATOR.
  _Cicero in the Senate_. Harriet Waters Preston. _Atlantic
    Monthly_. Vol. lxi, p. 641.

CICERO, THE WIT.
  Cicero as a Wit. W.L. Collins. _Chautauqua_. Vol. xi, P. 377.
  Cicero as a Wit. Francis W. Kelsey. _Classical Journal_. Vol. iii,
    p. 3.
  _Roman Life in the Days of Cicero_. Alfred J. Church. P. 197.
  _Foreign Classics in English_. William Cleaver Wilkinson, Vol. iv,
    p. 235.
  Humor Repeats Itself. Irene Nye. _Classical Journal_. Vol. ix,
    p. 154.

CICERO, THE EXILE.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, p. 621.
  _Roman Life in the Days of Cicero_. Alfred J. Church. Chap. x.

THE PROSECUTION OF ARCHIAS.
  Richard Wellington Husband. _Classical Weekly_. Vol. ix, p. 165.

A COMPARISON: CICERO AND DEMOSTHENES.
  _Illustrated History of Ancient Literature_. John D. Quackenbos.
    P. 286.
  _Foreign Classics in English_. William Cleaver Wilkinson. Vol. iv,
    p. 487.

CICERO IN MAINE.
  Martha Baker Dunn. _Atlantic Monthly_. Vol. xciii, p. 253.

DEBATE: Resolved that Cicero was justified in putting the Catilinarian
conspirators to death.
  The conviction of Lentulus. H.C. Nutting. _Classical Journal_.
    Vol. iii, p. 186.
  Catiline as a Party Leader. E.S. Beesly. _Fortnightly Review_.
    Vol. i, p. 175.

THE DEATH OF CICERO.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, p. 624.




VERGIL

  "The noble sage who knew everything."
    --Dante


SONG.--Opening Lines of the Aeneid.
  An Experiment with the Opening Lines of the Aeneid. J. Raleigh
    Nelson. _School Review_. Vol. vii, p. 129.
  _Dido_. An Epic Tragedy. Miller and Nelson. P. 57.

VERGIL.
  Outline for the Study of Vergil's Aeneid. Maud Emma Kingsley.
    _Education_. Vol. xxiii, p. 148.
  _Vergil_. Harper and Miller. Introduction.

IN VERGIL'S ITALY.
  Frank Justus Miller. _Chautauqua_. Vol. xxxiv, p. 368.

DIDO: A Character Study.
  J. Raleigh Nelson. _School Review_. Vol. xii, p. 408.
  _Vergil_. Harper and Miller.

VERGIL'S ESTIMATE OF HIS ÆNEID.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, P. 636.

POEM.--The Doom of the Slothful.
  John Addington Symonds.

ESSAY.--Paris and Helen.
  _Adventures among Books_. Andrew Lang. P. 235, or _Cosmopolitan_.
    Vol. xviii, p. 173.

LEGENDS CONNECTED WITH VERGIL.
  _A History of Roman Literature_. Charles Thomas Cruttwell. P. 278.

VERGIL IN MAINE.
  Martha Baker Dunn. _Atlantic Monthly_. Vol. c, p. 773.

VERGIL'S INFLUENCE.
  On Teaching Vergil. H.H. Yeames. _School Review_. Vol. xx, p. 1.

A TRAVESTY ON THE TAKING OF TROY.
  _Roba di Roma_. William W. Story. P. 186.
  _North American Review_. Vol. xcvii, p. 255.

ST. PAUL'S VISIT TO VERGIL'S TOMB.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, p. 640.

POEM.--To Vergil.
  _Poetical Works_. Alfred Tennyson. P. 511.
  _Littell's Living Age_. Vol. clv, p. 2.




HORACE

 "Exegi monumentum acre perennius
  regalique situ pyramidum altius."
    --Horace. _Carmina_. III, xxx.


HORACE.
  Horace: Person and Poet. Grant Showerman. _Classical Journal_.
    Vol. vi, p. 158.
  _A History of Roman Literature_. Charles Thomas Cruttwell. P. 515.

A GLIMPSE OF HORACE'S SCHOOLDAYS.
  _Roman Life in the Days of Cicero_. Alfred J. Church. P. 39.
  _Readings in Ancient History_. Rome and the West. William Stearns
    Davis. P. 227.

POEM.--Capri.
  Walter Taylor Field.

AN INVITATION FROM HORACE TO VERGIL FOR DINNER.
  _Foreign Classics in English_. Vol. iv. William Cleaver Wilkinson.
    P. 183.

SOME TRANSLATIONS OF HORACE'S ODES.
  _Blackwood's Magazine_. Vol. civ, p. 150.

POEM.--The Sabine Farm.
  Michael Monahan. _Current Literature_. Vol. xlviii, p. 344.

A DIALOGUE FROM HORACE.--The Bore. _Sat_. i, 9.
  _A Day in Ancient Rome_. Edgar S. Shumway. P. 51.
  _Masterpieces of Latin Literature_. Gordon J. Laing. P. 295.

POEM.--I sing of myself. (Horace. Book ii, Ode xx.)
  Louis Untermeyer. _Century Magazine_. Vol. lxiv, p. 960.

POEM.--Byron's Farewell to Horace.
  _Childe Harold_. Byron. Canto iv, lxxvii.




ROMAN LITERATURE

  "Haec studia adulescentiam alunt, senectutem oblectant, secundas res
  ornant, adversis perfugium ac solacium praebent, delectant domi, non
  impediunt foris, pernoctant nobiscum, peregrinantur, rusticantur."
    --Cicero. _Pro Archia Poeta_, vii.


ROLL CALL.--Gems of Latin Thought.
  _Illustrated History of Ancient Literature_. John D. Quackenbos.
    P. 425.

LATIN MOTTOES AND PROVERBS.
  _Latin Lessons_. M.L. Smith. P. 212.

THE LITERATURE OF ROME.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William Ralph Inge. Chap. v.
  Latin Literature. Nelson G. McCrea. _Classical Weekly_. Vol. v,
    p. 194.

CHILDREN IN ROMAN LITERATURE.
  _Childhood in Literature and Art_. Horace E. Scudder. Chap. ii,
    p. 6.

THE CALENDAR.
  How the Roman Spent his Year. William F. Allen. _Lippincott's
    Magazine_. Vol. xxxiii, p. 447.
  _The Ancient City_. Fustel De Coulanges. P. 212.

MUSIC IN ANCIENT ROME.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William Ralph Inge. Chap. v.

ROMAN FOLK-LORE.
  _Second Latin Book_. Miller and Beeson. P. 52.

ODE TO APOLLO.
  _Complete Poetical Works_. Keats. P. 7.




SOME FAMOUS WOMEN OF ANCIENT ROME

  "A marked feature of the Roman character, a peculiarity which at
  once strikes the student of their history as compared with that of
  the Greeks was their great respect for the home and the _mater
  familias_."
    --Eugene Hecker


THE ROMAN MATRON.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. Chap. vii.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 482.

THE WOMEN OF CICERO'S TIME.
  _Social Life at Rome in the Age of Cicero_. W. Warde Fowler.
    P. 150.
  _A Friend of Caesar_. William Stearns Davis. Chap. vi, p. 104.

THE WOMEN OF ULYSSES' TIME.
  Mischievous Philanthropy. Simon Newcomb. _Forum_. Vol. i, p. 348.

THE ROMAN WOMAN AS DESCRIBED BY JUVENAL.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, p. 537.
  _Readings in Ancient History_. Rome and the West. William Stearns
    Davis. P. 247.

POEM.--Venus and Vulcan.
  _Poetical Works_. John G. Saxe. P. 238.

LOLLIA PAULINA, A WOMAN OF WEALTH AND MISFORTUNE.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. P. 104.

LIVIA, THE POLITICIAN.
  _The Women of the Caesars_. Guglielmo Ferrero. Chap. ii.

THE VESTAL VIRGINS.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, p. 3.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. P. 135.
  _A Friend of Caesar_. William Stearns Davis. Chap. iii, p. 37.

JULIA, AUGUSTUS' DAUGHTER.
  _Rome of To-day and Yesterday_. John Dennie. P. 133.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. P. 81.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, p. 547.
  _The Women of the Caesars_. Guglielmo Ferrero. Chap. ii.

MARTIAL'S EPIGRAM ON PORTIA.
  Book i, xlii.

A CONTRAST: TARPEIA AND VIRGINIA.
  _A Day in Ancient Rome_. Edgar S. Shumway. Pp. 14, 40.

THE HISTORY OF WOMEN'S RIGHTS IN ROME.
  _A Short History of Women's Rights_. Eugene Hecker. P. 1.
  Some Roman Examples. _Outlook_. Vol. xciii, p. 490.
  Women and Public Affairs under the Roman Republic. Frank Frost
    Abbott. _Scribner's Magazine_. Vol. xlvi, p. 357.

POEM.--Our Yankee Girls.
  _Complete Poems_. Oliver Wendell Holmes. P. 327.

POEM.--To a Pair of Egyptian Slippers.
  Sir Edwin Arnold. _Oxford Book of Victorian Verse_. P. 499.

A ROMAN CITIZEN.
  Anne C.E. Allinson. _Atlantic Monthly_. Vol. cxii, p. 263.




ROMAN HOLIDAYS

  "Januarias nobis felices multos annos!"


POEM.--January.
  Henry W. Longfellow. _Chautauqua_. Vol. xviii, p. 506.

JANUS.
  _Chautauqua_. Vol. xviii, p. 365.

NEW YEAR'S DAY IN ROME.
  How the Roman Spent his Year. William F. Allen. _Lippincott's
    Magazine_. Vol. xxxiii, p. 347.

CHRISTMAS HOLIDAYS IN ROME.
  _Roba di Roma_. William W. Story. Chap. iv.

A CHRISTMAS HYMN.
  Alfred Dommett.

THE ROMAN CARNIVAL.
  _Pictures from Italy_. Charles Dickens. P. 116.

ST. VALENTINE'S DAY IN ROME.
  St. Valentine's Day. Keziah Shelton. _Chautauqua_. Vol. xvi,
    p. 604.

POEM.--Pompey's Christmas.
  Carolyn Wells. _St. Nicholas_. Vol. xxvii, p. 154.

POEM.--A Roman Valentine.
  Emma D. Banks's _Original Recitations_. P. 91.

THE LIBERALIA.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. P. 87.

THE LUPERCALIA.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara E. Clement. Vol. i, p. 48.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. Pp. 36, 161.
  _Harper's Dictionary of Classical Literature and Antiquities_.
    Harry Thurston Peck. P. 979.

THE SATURNALIA.
  _Gallus_. W.A. Becker. P. 193.
  _Roba di Roma_. William W. Story. Chap. v.
  _Social Life at Rome in the Age of Cicero_. W. Warde Fowler,
    Chap. x.
  Christmas Throughout Christendom. O.M. Spencer. _Harper's
    Magazine_. Vol. xlvi, p. 241.
  December and its Festivals. Pamela M. Cole. _Chautauqua_. Vol.
    xvi, p. 343.

A ROMAN TRIUMPH.
  _Rome of To-day and Yesterday_. John Dennie. P. 83.

THE FLORALIA.
  _Roba di Roma_. William W. Story. P. 202.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, p. 57.
  _Harper's Dictionary of Classical Literature and Antiquities_.
    Harry Thurston Peck. P. 677.

POEM.--Holy-cross Day.
  Robert Browning.




FUNERAL CUSTOMS AND BURIAL PLACES

  "Reddenda est terra terrae."


THE ROMAN'S BELIEF CONCERNING DEATH.
  _Caesar_. A Sketch. James Anthony Froude. Pp. 60, 530.
  _The Ancient City_. Fustel De Coulanges. Chap. i.

THE PREPARATION OF THE BODY FOR BURIAL.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 592.

ROMAN FUNERALS.
  The Old Romans at Home. Benson J. Lossing. _Harper's Magazine_.
    Vol. xlvi, p. 183.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara E. Clement. Vol. i, p. 67.
  _Walks in Rome_. Augustus J.C. Hare. P. 494.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. Chap. xii.
  _Gallus_. W.A. Becker. P. 507.

THE FUNERAL OF GALLUS.
  _Gallus_. W.A. Becker. P. 144.

THE FUNERAL OF MISENUS.
  _The Aeneid_. Vergil. Book vi, 212 ff.

THE FUNERAL OF JULIUS CAESAR.
  _Readings in Ancient History_. Rome and the West. William Stearns
    Davis. P. 157.
  _Caesar_. A Sketch. James Anthony Froude. Chap xxvii.

THE CATACOMBS OF ROME.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, p. 300.
  The Catacombs of Rome. Wm. Withrow. _Chautauqua_. Vol. ii, p. 103.
  _Marble Faun_. Nathaniel Hawthorne. Chap. iii.

POEM.--The Antique Sepulcher.
  _Poetical Works_. Mrs. Hemans. P. 235.

THE BURIAL PLACE OF AUGUSTUS.
  _Rome of To-day and Yesterday_. John Dennie. P. 130.
  _Walks in Rome_. Augustus J.C. Hare. P. 50.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, p. 254.

THE TOMB OF HADRIAN.
  _Rome of To-day and Yesterday_. John Dennie. Pp. 238, 285.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, p. 262.

THE TOMB OF CECILIA METELLA.
  _Rome of To-day and Yesterday_. John Dennie. P. 172.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, p. 253.
  _Walks in Rome_. Augustus J.C. Hare. P. 342.
  _Childe Harold_. Lord Byron. Canto iv, xcix-civ.

THE TOMB OF MINICIA MARCELLA.[1]
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, p. 279.

TOMB INSCRIPTIONS AND MEMORIAL STRUCTURES.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 387.
  The Old Romans at Home. Benson J. Lossing. _Harper's Magazine_.
    Vol. xlvi, p. 184.

THE BURIAL OF A YOUNG ROMAN GIRL.
  The Old Romans at Home. Benson J. Lossing. _Harper's Magazine_.
    Vol. xlvi, p. 183.

EPITAPH ON EROTION, six years of age.
  Martial.

POEM.--Tartarus.
  _Complete Poetical Works_. Oliver Wendell Holmes. P. 196.

    [Footnote 1: See Pliny's Letter on Minicia Marcella, p. 109.]




ROMAN GAMES

 "Ast ubi me fessum sol acrior ire lavatum
  Admonuit, fugio campum lusumque trigonem."
    --Horace


ROMAN GAMES.
  _Roba di Roma_. William W. Story. Chap. vi.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. Chap. ix.
  _Social Life at Rome in the Age of Cicero_. W. Warde Fowler.
    Chap. x.
  Roman Games. Vincenzo Fiorentino. _Cosmopolitan_. Vol. xxxiv,
    p. 269.

THE GAMES OF THE AMPHITHEATER.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William Ralph Inge. Chaps.
    iii, viii.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. Chap. ix.

COMMON SPORTS IN ANCIENT ROME.
  _Roba di Roma_. William W. Story. Chap. xxii.
  _Gallus_. W.A. Becker. Pp. 398, 500.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 546.

A DAY OF SPORT IN THE CAMPUS MARTIUS.
  _Second Latin Book_. Miller and Beeson. Introduction, p. 36.

THE CHARIOT RACE.
  _Ben Hur_. Lew Wallace. Chap. xiv, p. 368.

ANCIENT SPORTS IN ROME TO-DAY.
  _Current Literature_. Vol. xxxiii, p. 325.

THE THEATER.
  _Roba di Roma_. William W. Story. Chap. viii.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 565.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William Ralph Inge. P. 222.

"MORRA" ILLUSTRATED.
  _Roba di Roma_. William W. Story. P. 123.
  _Walks in Rome_. Augustus J.C. Hare. P. 675.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William Ralph Inge. Chap viii.




SOME FAMOUS BUILDINGS OF ANCIENT ROME

  "The world has nothing else like the Pantheon."
    --Hawthorne


THE PANTHEON.
  _A Day in Ancient Rome_. Edgar S. Shumway. P. 9.
  _Rome of To-day and Yesterday_. John Dennie. P. 283.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, p. 249.
  _Walks in Rome_. Augustus J.C. Hare. P. 541.

LORD BYRON'S DESCRIPTION OF THE PANTHEON.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, p. 251.
  _Childe Harold_. Lord Byron. Canto iv, cxlvi.

THE COLISEUM.
  _The Life of the Greeks and the Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 434
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. Pp. 125, 158.
  _Roba di Roma_. William W. Story. Chap. ix.
  _The Marble Faun_. Nathaniel Hawthorne. Chap. xvii.

DICKENS' VISIT TO THE COLISEUM.
  _Pictures from Italy_. Charles Dickens. P. iii.

HAWTHORNE'S IMPRESSIONS OF THE ARCH OF TITUS.
  _A Day in Ancient Rome_. Edgar S. Shumway. P. 54.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, p. 425.

THE COLISEUM, A FRAGMENT OF A ROMANCE.
  _The Prose Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley_. Harry Buxton Forman.
    Vol. iii, p. 27.




SOME FAMOUS ROMAN LETTERS

  "The authors who have lived and written under an Italian sky, are
  reticent and shy in the foreign schoolroom. But if we transfer
  ourselves with them to the market and enter their families, then
  they grow confiding and social."
    --Shumway


THE WRITING AND SENDING OF LETTERS.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. P. 287.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 530.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, p. 541.

SOME ROMAN LETTERS FROM THE BIBLE.
  _Bible_. Acts, Chap. xxiii, 25 ff.
  _Bible_. Acts, Chap. xxvii.

A LETTER WRITTEN BY CICERO TO HIS WIFE.
  _Roman Life in the Days of Cicero_. Alfred J. Church. P. 206.

A LETTER WRITTEN BY CICERO DESCRIBING HIS RETURN FROM EXILE.
  _Foreign Classics in English_. William Cleaver Wilkinson. Vol. iv,
    p. 238.

A LETTER FROM PLINY THE YOUNGER TO TRAJAN, "On the Christians."
  _Illustrated History of Ancient Literature_. John D. Quackenbos.
    P. 418.
  _Readings in Ancient History_. Hutton Webster. P. 250.

A LOVE LETTER FROM PLINY THE YOUNGER TO HIS WIFE.
  _Foreign Classics in English_. William Cleaver Wilkinson. Vol. iv,
    p. 287.
  _Readings in Ancient History_. Hutton Webster. P. 241.

A FAMOUS LITERARY ANTIQUE.--The Letter of Consolation written by Servius
Sulpicius to Cicero upon the death of Tullia.
  _Foreign Classics in English_. William Cleaver Wilkinson. Vol. iv,
    p. 251.

A LETTER BY CICERO DESCRIBING CAESAR'S VISIT AT CICERO'S HOME.
  _Foreign Classics in English_. William Cleaver Wilkinson. Vol. iv,
    p. 244.

LETTER OF A SCHOOLBOY.
  _Source Book of Roman History_. Dana C. Munro. P. 197.




SOME ANCIENT ROMANS OF FAME

  "They were a great race, not unworthy of their fame,--those ancient
  Romans; and Alpine flowers of moral beauty bloomed amid the Alpine
  snow and ice of their austere pride."
    --Wilkinson, p. 274


ANCIENT NICKNAMES.
  Ancient Nicknames. W.W. Story. _Chautauqua_. Vol. xi, p. 241.

A CONVERSATION BETWEEN CICERO AND ATTICUS.
  A Roman Holiday Twenty Centuries Ago. W.W. Story. _Atlantic
    Monthly_. Vol. xliii, p. 273.

HORATIUS, THE PATRIOT.
  _Readings in Ancient History_. Rome and the West. William Stearns
    Davis. P. 16.
  _Poetical Works_. Thomas Babington Macaulay. Lays of Ancient
    Rome, p. 31.

CAIUS VERRES, THE GRAFTER.
  _Caesar_. A Sketch. James Anthony Froude. Chap. ix.
  _Roman Life in the Days of Cicero_. Alfred J. Church. Chap. iv.

POMPEY, FORTUNE'S FAVORITE.
  _A Friend of Caesar_. William Stearns Davis. Chap. vi, p. 102.
  _Roman Life in the Days of Cicero_. Alfred J. Church. Chap. ix.
  _Great Captains: Caesar_. Theodore A. Dodge. Chap. ii.

MAECENAS, THE GENTLEMAN OF LEISURE.
  _Rome of To-day and Yesterday_. John Dennie. P. 161.
  _Foreign Classics in English_. William Cleaver Wilkinson. Vol. iv,
    p. 177.

POEM.--_Perdidi Diem_.
  _Poetical Works_. Mrs. Sigourney. P. 32.

CATILINE, THE CONSPIRATOR.
  _Roman Life in the Days of Cicero_. Alfred J. Church. P. 135.
  _Harper's Dictionary of Ancient Literature and Antiquities_. Harry
    Thurston Peck. P. 296.

CATO, THE UPRIGHT.
  _A History of Roman Literature_. Charles Thomas Cruttwell. P. 95.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, p. 525.
  _Readings in Ancient History_. Rome and the West. William Stearns
    Davis. P. 97.
  _Great Captains: Caesar_. Theodore A. Dodge. Chap. xii.

PLINY THE ELDER AS DESCRIBED BY PLINY THE YOUNGER.
  _A History of Roman Literature_. Charles Thomas Cruttwell. P. 403.

PLINY THE YOUNGER AT HOME.
  _Peeps at Many Lands_. Italy. John Finnemore. Chap. iii.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William Ralph Inge. Chap. v.
  _Foreign Classics in English_. William Cleaver Wilkinson. Vol. iv,
    p. 279.




A ROMAN BANQUET

  "None of my friends shall in his cups talk treason."
     --Martial


ROMAN COOKERY.
  The Old Romans at Home. Benson J. Lossing. _Harper's Magazine_.
    Vol. xlvi, p. 66.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. Chap. viii.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 501.

THE MEALS AND MENUS.
  _Gallus_. W.A. Becker. P. 451.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, pp. 523,
    533.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. p. 501.

THE USE OF ICED WATER.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. P. 185.

MARTIAL'S PREPARATION FOR A BANQUET.
  _The Epigrams of Martial_. Book x: xlviii.

ENTERTAINMENTS AT BANQUETS.
  Letter of Pliny the Younger. Translation in _Readings in Ancient
    History_. Hutton Webster. P. 247.

TO THEOPOMPUS, A HANDSOME YOUTH BECOME A COOK.
  _The Epigrams of Martial_. Book x: lxvi.

DIDO'S BANQUET.
  _The Aeneid_. Vergil. Book i, 695-756.

A BANQUET AT THE HOME OF LENTULUS.
  _Gallus_. W.A. Becker. Scene 9.

THE COST OF HIGH LIVING IN OLD ROME.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, pp. 524,
    527, 535.

AT TRIMALCHIO'S DINNER. (Petronius, Satire 41.)
  _Trimalchio's Dinner_. (Translation) Harry Thurston Peck.
  _Masterpieces of Latin Literature_. Gordon J. Laing. P. 389.

THE BILL OF FARE AT A BANQUET AT WHICH CAESAR SERVED.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, p. 533.




ROMAN ROADS

  "Could the entire history of the construction of Roman military
  roads and highways be written, it would include romantic tales of
  hazard and adventure, of sacrifice and suffering, which would lend
  to the subject a dignity and effectiveness somewhat in keeping with
  their value to Rome and to the world."
    --Clara Erskine Clement


MILITARY ROADS.
  _Rome of To-day and Yesterday_. John Dennie. P. 104.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, p. 484.
  _Lectures_. John L. Stoddard. Vol. viii, p. 301.

THE ROMAN AS A ROAD BUILDER.
  _The Roman Road Builders' Message to America_. Archer B. Hulbert.
    _Chautauqua_. Vol. xliii, p. 133.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. P. 282.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 341.
  _Source Book of Roman History_,. Dana C. Munro. P. 111.

MEANS OF TRAVEL.
  _Gallus_. W.A. Becker. Chap. iv.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. P. 280.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 514.

VIA APPIA.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. Pp. 130, 264.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. P. 282.
  _Walks in Rome_. Augustus J.C. Hare. Pp. 303, 343.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, p. 486.
  _Rome of To-day and Yesterday_. John Dennie. P. 106.

THE ANCIENT STREET-BULLY.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William Ralph Inge. Chap. iii.

LUXURIES ENJOYED BY THE WEALTHY TRAVELER.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, p. 540.




SOME ROMAN GODS.

  "There are in Rome more gods than citizens."
    --Fustel de Coulanges


POEM.--To the Gods of the Country.
  _Helen Redeemed and Other Poems_. Maurice Hewlett. P. 193.

THE PAGAN ALTARS.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, p. 149.

THE GREATER AND LESSER GODS.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, p. 22.
  _The Ancient City_. Fustel de Coulanges. P. 201.
  _The Classic Myths in English Literature_. Charles Mills Gayley.
    Chap. xvi.

POEM.--Miracles.
  _Two Rivulets_. Walt Whitman. P. 102.

DID CAESAR BELIEVE IN GODS?
  _A Friend of Caesar_. William Stearns Davis. P. 309.

POEM.--By the Roman Road.

THE GODS OF THE UNDERWORLD.
  _Classic Myths in English Literature_. Charles Mills Gayley.
    Chap. iv.

THE GODS OF THE WATERS.
  _The Classic Myths in English Literature_. Charles Mills Gayley.
    Chap. v.

POEM.--Palladium.
  _Poems_. Matthew Arnold. P. 273.

POEM.--What has become of the Gods?
  _Poetical Works_. John G. Saxe. P. 22.

HYMN TO APOLLO.
  _Complete Poetical Works_. John Keats. P. 7.




SOME FAMOUS TEMPLES OF ANCIENT AND MODERN ROME

  "A vast wilderness of consecrated buildings of all shapes and
  fancies."
    --Dickens


THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE TEMPLES.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, p. 159.
    Vol. ii, p. 691.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 297.

THE TEMPLE OF CONCORD.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. P. 77.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, p. 161.
  _Rome of To-day and Yesterday_. John Dennie. P. 65.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 312.

THE TEMPLE OF CASTOR AND POLLUX.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. Pp. 80, 150.
  _A Day in Ancient Rome_. Edgar S. Shumway. P. 44.

THE TEMPLE OF VESTA.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. Pp. 75, 160.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, p. 689.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 319.
  _Italian Note-Books_. Nathaniel Hawthorne. P. 128.

THE TEMPLE OF SATURN.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. P. 77.
  _Rome of To-day and Yesterday_. John Dennie. P. 29.
  _Walks in Rome_. Augustus J.C. Hare. P. 143.

POEM.--Dedication Hymn.
  _Poems_. Nathaniel P. Willis. P. 91.

ST. PETER'S.
  A Walk in Rome. Oscar Kuhns. _Chautauqua_. Vol. xxxiv, p. 57.
  A Night in St. Peter's. T. Adolphus Trollope. _Atlantic Monthly_.
    Vol. xl, p. 409.

HAWTHORNE'S VISIT TO ST. PETER'S.
  _Italian Note-Books_. Nathaniel Hawthorne. Pp. 64, 143.

DICKENS' IMPRESSIONS OF ROMAN CHURCHES.
  _Pictures from Italy_. Charles Dickens. P. 133.

POEM.--Jupiter and His Children.
  John G. Saxe.




SOME RELIGIOUS CUSTOMS

  "In the house of every Greek and Roman was an altar; on this altar
  there had always to be a small quantity of ashes, and a few lighted
  coals. The fire ceased to glow upon the altar only when the entire
  family had perished; an extinguished hearth, an extinguished family,
  were synonymous expressions among the ancients."
    --de Coulanges


THE PAGAN RELIGION.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William Ralph Inge. Chap. i.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, Chap. i.
  _Social Life at Rome in the Age of Cicero_. W. Warde Fowler.
    Chap. xi.

SOME ROMAN GODDESSES.
  _Classic Myths in English Literature_. Charles Mills Gayley.
    Chap. x.
  _Vergil_. Introduction. Charles Knapp.

THE PENATES.
  _The Ancient City_. Fustel De Coulanges. Chap. xvi.

THE BLESSING OF ANIMALS.
  _Roba di Roma_. William W. Story. P. 462.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William Ralph Inge. Chap. iii.

CHILDREN'S DAY IN ROME.
  _Heroic Happenings_. Elbridge S. Brooks. P. 89.

THE INTERPRETATION OF DREAMS.
  _Roba di Roma_. William W. Story. P. 142.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William Ralph Inge. Chap. i.

EASTER TIME IN ROME.
  Anne Hollingsworth Wharton. _Lippincott's Magazine_. Vol. lxxix,
    p. 528.

A ROMAN CITIZEN.
  _Bible_. Acts, xxii, 25.

POEM.--Elysium.
  _Poems and Ballads of Schiller_. Tr. Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton.
    P. 369.

THE INFERNAL REGIONS.
  _Classic Myths in English Literature_. Charles Mills Gayley.
    P. 354.
  _The Aeneid_. Vergil. Book vi.




SOME FAMOUS PICTURES AND SCULPTURE

  _Vita brevis, ars longa._


HOW TO STUDY PICTURES.
  Charles H. Caffin. _Saint Nicholas_. Vol. xxxii, p. 23.

ODE.--Upon the Sight of a Beautiful Picture.
  _Complete Poems_. William Wordsworth. P. 399.

SCULPTURE IN ANCIENT ROME.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William Ralph Inge. Chap. v.

THE SCULPTURE GALLERY OF THE CAPITOL AT ROME.
  _The Marble Faun_. Nathaniel Hawthorne. Chap. i.

POEM.--The Celestial Runaway: Phaëton.
  _Poetical Works_. John G. Saxe. P. 233.

DIDO BUILDING CARTHAGE.
  _The Aeneid_. Vergil. Book i, 418-440.

BYRON'S IMPRESSION OF THE LAOCOöN.
  _Childe Harold_. Canto iv, clx.

SHELLEY'S IMPRESSION OF THE LAOCOöN.
  _The Prose Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley_. Harry Buxton Forman.
    Vol. iii, p. 44.

ATALANTA'S FOOT RACE.
  _Classic Myths in English Literature_. Charles Mills Gayley.
    P. 139.
  _Hellenic Tales_. Edmund J. Carpenter. P. 80.

POEM.--Ode on a Grecian Urn.
  _Complete Poetical Works_. John Keats. P. 134.

THE FAUN OF PRAXITELES.
  _The Marble Faun_. Nathaniel Hawthorne. Chap. i.

POEM.--A Likeness.
  Willa S. Cather. _Literary Digest_. Vol. xlviii, p. 219.




ROMAN BOOKS AND LIBRARIES

  _Vita sine litteris mors est._


ROMAN BOOKS.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, p. 401.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. Pp. 182, 199.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. P. 290.

CICERO'S LIBRARY.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, p. 405.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. P. 180.

PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN ROME.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. i, p. 413.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. Chap. vii.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 531.

THE BOOK MARKETS.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. P. 183.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 529.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William Ralph Inge. Chap. vi.




ANCIENT MYTHS AND LEGENDS

 "O antique fables! beautiful and bright,
  And joyous with the joyous youth of yore;
  O antique fables! for a little light
  Of that which shineth in you evermore,
  To cleanse the dimness from our weary eyes
  And bathe our old world with a new surprise
  Of golden dawn entrancing sea and shore.
    --James Thomson


SONG.--Hymn to the Dawn.
  _Dido: An Epic Tragedy_. Miller and Nelson. P. 61.

THE RELATION OF THE CLASSIC MYTHS TO LITERATURE.
  The Influence of the Classics on American Literature. Paul Shorey.
    _Chautauqua_. Vol. xliii, p. 121.
  _Classic Myths in English Literature_. C.M. Gayley. Introduction.

THE ORIGIN OF MYTHS.
  _Classic Myths in English Literature_. C.M. Gayley. P. 431.

MYTHOLOGY IN ART.
  Classic Myths in Modern Art. _Chautauqua_. Vol. xlii, p. 455.

THE MYTH OF ADMETUS AND ALCESTIS.
  _Classic Myths in English Literature_. C.M. Gayley. P. 106.

TARPEIA AND THE TARPEIAN ROCK.
  _Walks in Rome_. Augustus J.C. Hare. P. 118.
  _The Marble Faun_. Nathaniel Hawthorne. Chap. xiii.
  The Origin and Growth of the Myth about Tarpeia. Henry A. Sanders.
    _School Review_. Vol. viii, p. 323.

LAMIA. _Complete Poetical Works_. John Keats. P. 146.

PLAY.--Persephone.
  _Children's Classics in Dramatic Form_. Augusta Stevenson. Vol. iv.

RECITATION.--Mangled Mythology.
  _Literary Digest_. Vol. xxxix, p. 1110.




THE ANCIENT MYTH IN MODERN LITERATURE

  "The debt of literature to the myth-makers of the Mediterranean has
  been an endless one starting at Mt. Olympus, and flowing down in
  fertilizing streams through all the literary ages."
    --James A. Harrison


ICARUS.
  _Poetical Works_. Bayard Taylor. P. 88.

ORPHEUS WITH HIS LUTE.
  _Henry VIII_. William Shakespeare. Act. iii, scene i.

IPHIGENIA AND AGAMEMNON.
  The Shades of Agamemnon and Iphigenia. _Poems and Dialogues in
    Verse_. Walter Savage Landor. Vol. i, p. 78.

VENUS AND VULCAN.
  _Poetical Works_. John G. Saxe. P. 238.

PANDORA.
  _Poetical Works_. Bayard Taylor. P. 203.

THE LEGEND OF ST. MARK.
  _Poetical Works_. John G. Whittier. P. 36.

ICARUS: OR THE PERIL OF THE BORROWED PLUMES.
  _Poetical Works_. John G. Saxe. P. 229.

LAODAMIA.
  _Complete Poetical Works_. William Wordsworth. P. 525.

THE LOTUS EATERS
  _Poetical Works_. Alfred Tennyson. P. 51.

THE SHEPHERD OF KING ADMETUS.
  _Complete Poetical Works_. James Russell Lowell. P. 44.
  _Classic Myths in English Literature_. C.M. Gayley. P. 131.

CERES.
  Bliss Carman. _Literary Digest_. Vol. xlv, p. 347.

PERSEPHONE.
  _Poetical Works_. Jean Ingelow. P. 181.




WHAT ENGLISH OWES TO GREEK

  "We are all Greeks. Our laws, our literature, our religion, our
  arts, have their root in Greece."


THE INFLUENCE OF GREEK ON ENGLISH.
  The Iliad in Art. Eugene Parsons. _Chautauqua_. Vol. xvi. p. 643.
  The Greek in English. E.L. Miller. _School Review_. Vol. xiii,
    p. 390.

THE SOCIAL LIFE OF ANCIENT GREECE.
  Edward Capps. _Chautauqua_. Vol. xxiv, p. 290.
  _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. Guhl and Koner. P. 183.

THE MODERN MAID OF ATHENS AND HER BROTHERS OF TO-DAY.
  William E. Waters. _Chautauqua_. Vol. xvii, p. 259.

OUR POETS' DEBT TO HOMER.
  English Poems on Greek Subjects. James Richard Joy. _Chautauqua_.
    Vol. xvii, p. 271.

ATHENS AS IT APPEARS TO-DAY.
  In and about Modern Athens. William E. Waters. _Chautauqua_. Vol.
    xvii, p. 131.
  Skirting the Balkan Peninsula. Robert Hichens. _Century Magazine_.
    Vol. lxiv, p. 84.

GREECE REVISITED.
  Martin L. D'Ooge. _Nation_. Vol. xcvi, p. 569.

THE INFLUENCE OF GREEK ARCHITECTURE IN THE UNITED STATES.
  W.H. Goodyear. _Chautauqua_. Vol. xvi, pp. 3, 131, 259.




MODERN ROME

  "What shall I say of the modern city? Rome is yet the capital of the
  world."
    --Shelley


POEM.--The Voices of Rome.
  _Poetical Works_. Bayard Taylor. P. 202.

THE BEAUTY OF ROME.
  Rome. Maurice Maeterlinck. _Critic_. Vol. xlvi, p. 362.

SHELLEY'S IMPRESSION OF ROME.
  _With Shelley in Italy_. Anna B. McMahan. P. 70.

A FRENCHMAN'S IMPRESSION OF ROME.
  _The Italians of To-day_. René Bazin. P. 94.

POEM.--At Rome.
  _Poetical Works_. William Wordsworth. P. 749.

HAWTHORNE'S MOONLIGHT WALK IN ROME
  _Italian Note-Books_. Nathaniel Hawthorne. P. 173.

THE AMERICAN SCHOOL IN ROME.
  Howard Crosby Butler. _Critic_. Vol. xxiii, p. 466.

THE VATICAN.
  _Roba di Roma_. William W. Story. P. 534.
  The City of the Saints. Lyman Abbott. _Harper's Magazine_. Vol.
    xlv, p. 169.
  _Walks in Rome_. Augustus J.C. Hare. Chap. xvi.

THE PROTESTANT CEMETERY IN ROME.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, p. 512.
  _Roba di Roma_. William W. Story. P. 509.
  _Walks in Rome_. Augustus J.C. Hare. P. 698.
  _With Shelley in Italy_. Anna B. McMahan. Pp. 228, 241.
  _Literary Landmarks of Rome_. Laurence Hutton. P. 35.

POEM.--The Grave of Keats.
  _The Poems of Oscar Wilde_. Vol. ii, p. 5.

THE TIBER.
  _Rome of To-day and Yesterday_. John Dennie. P. 7.
  _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_. Rodolfo
    Lanciani. P. 232.
  Following the Tiber. _Lippincott's Magazine_. Vol. xv, p. 30.

POEM.--Roman Antiquities.
  _Poetical Works_. William Wordsworth. P. 695.

THE EXPENSE OF LIVING IN ROME.
  _Roma Beata_. Maud Howe. Pp. 28, 250.

POEM.--February in Rome.
  _On Viol and Flute_. Edmund W. Gosse. P. 53.

POEM.--What he saw in Europe.
  _Current Literature_. Vol. xxxvi, p. 365.

POEM.--Rome Unvisited.
  _The Poems of Oscar Wilde_. Vol. i, p. 64.

POEM.--Roman Girl's Song.
  _Poetical Works_. Mrs. Hemans. P. 227.




ITALY OF TO-DAY

 "No sudden goddess through the rushes glides,
  No eager God among the laurels hides;
  Jove's eagle mopes beside an empty throne,
  Persephone and Ades sit alone
  By Lethe's hollow shore."
    --Nora Hopper


SONNET.--On Approaching Italy.
  _The Poems of Oscar Wilde_. Vol. i, p. 59.

NAPLES.
  _Lectures_. John L. Stoddard. Naples. Vol. viii, p. 115.
  _Peeps at Many Lands_. Italy. John Finnemore. Chap. xiii.

CERTAIN THINGS IN NAPLES.
  _Italian Journeys_. W.D. Howells. P. 80.

A SCHOOL IN NAPLES.
  _Italian Journeys_. W.D. Howells. P. 139.

ITALIAN RECOLLECTIONS.
  More Letters of a Diplomat's Wife. Mary King Waddington.
    _Scribner's Magazine_. Vol. xxxvii, p. 204.

THE ITALIAN PEASANTRY.
  _Roma Beata_. Maud Howe. P. 34.
  _Peeps at Many Lands_. Italy. John Finnemore. Chap. xix.

A STROLL ON THE PINCIAN HILL.
  _The Marble Faun_. Nathaniel Hawthorne. Chap. xii.

HOTELS IN ITALY.
  _Roman Holidays and Others_. W.D. Howells. Chap. vi, p. 68.

A MODERN ITALIAN FARMYARD AS SEEN BY SHELLEY.
  _The Prose Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley_. Harry Buxton Forman.
    Vol. iv, p. 43.

SCHOOL LIFE IN ITALY.
  Glimpses of School Life in Italy. Mary Sifton Pepper. _Chautauqua_.
    Vol. xxxv, p. 550.
  Education in Italy. Alex Oldrini. _Chautauqua_. Vol. xviii, p. 413.

A NIGHT IN ITALY.
  _Exits and Entrances_. Charles Warren Stoddard. P. 41.

POEM.--In Italy.
  _Poetical Works_. Bayard Taylor. P. 130.

LIFE IN MODERN ITALY.
  In Italy. John H. Vincent. _Chautauqua_. Vol. xviii, p. 387.
  Life in Modern Italy. Bella H. Stillman. _Chautauqua_. Vol. xi,
    p. 6.




O TEMPORA! O MORES!

  "The seeds of godlike power are in us still;
  Gods are we, bards, saints, heroes, if we will!"
    --Matthew Arnold


POEM.--The Watch of the Old Gods.

POVERTY AMONG THE ANCIENT ROMANS.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William Ralph Inge. Chap. iii.
  _The Private Life of the Romans_. H.W. Johnston. P. 305.
  _The Ancient City_. Fustel De Coulanges. P. 449.

POVERTY AMONG THE AMERICANS.
  The Problem of Poverty. Robert Hunter. _Outlook_. Vol. lxxix,
    p. 902.
  The Weary World of Human Misery. _World's Work_. Vol. xvi,
    p. 10526.
  _How the Other Half Lives_. Jacob Riis. Chap. xxii, p. 255.

THE CRAZE FOR AMUSEMENT AMONG THE ANCIENT ROMANS.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William Ralph Inge. Chap. ix.
  _Readings in Ancient History_. Rome and the West. William Stearns
    Davis. P. 194.

THE CRAZE FOR AMUSEMENT AMONG THE AMERICANS.
  What New York spends at the Theaters. _Literary Digest_. Vol. xlv,
    p. 19.

LUXURY AND EXTRAVAGANCE IN ANCIENT ROME.
  _Rome: The Eternal City_. Clara Erskine Clement. Vol. ii, pp. 524,
    529.
  _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. William Ralph Inge. P. 262.
  _Readings in Ancient History_. Rome and the West. William Stearns
    Davis. P. 305.

LUXURY AND EXTRAVAGANCE AMONG AMERICANS.
  Newport: The City of Luxury. Jonathan T. Lincoln. _Atlantic
    Monthly_. Vol. cii, p. 162.
  Housekeeping on Half-a-million a Year. Emily Harington.
    _Everybody's_. Vol. xiv, p. 497.
  _The Passing of the Idle Rich_. Frederick Townsend Martin. Chap.
    ii, p. 23.

POEM.--_Tempora Mutantur_.
  _Poetical Works_. John G. Saxe. P. 98.


       *       *       *       *       *


          SELECTIONS THAT MAY BE USED

               FOR THE PROGRAMS


       *       *       *       *       *


A PLEA FOR THE CLASSICS[1]

A Boston gentleman declares,
  By all the gods above, below,
That our degenerate sons and heirs
  Must let their Greek and Latin go!
Forbid, O Fate, we loud implore,
  A dispensation harsh as that;
What! wipe away the sweets of yore;
  The dear "_amo, amas, amat?_"

The sweetest hour the student knows
  Is not when poring over French,
Or twisted in Teutonic throes,
  Upon a hard collegiate bench;
'Tis when on roots and kais and gars
  He feeds his soul and feels it glow,
Or when his mind transcends the stars
  With "_Zoa mou, sas agapo!_"

So give our bright, ambitious boys
  An inkling of these pleasures, too--
A little smattering of the joys
  Their dead and buried fathers knew;
And let them sing--while glorying that
  Their sires so sang, long years ago--
The songs "_amo, amas, amat_"
  And "_Zoa mou, sas agapo!_"

    --Eugene Field

    [Footnote in original book (published 1916):
    Copyright. Used by permission of Charles Scribner's Sons.]


ON AN OLD LATIN TEXT BOOK

I remember the very day when the schoolmaster gave it to me.... And I
remember that the rather stern and aquiline face of our teacher relaxed
into mildness for a moment. Both we and our books must have looked very
fresh and new to him, though we may all be a little battered now; at
least, my _New Latin Tutor_ is. It is a very precious book, and it
should be robed in choice Turkey morocco, were not the very covers too
much a part of the association to be changed. For between them I
gathered the seed-grain of many harvests of delight; through this low
archway I first looked upon the immeasurable beauty of words....

What liquid words were these: _aqua_, _aura_, _unda_! All English poetry
that I had yet learned by heart--it is only children who learn by heart,
grown people "commit to memory"--had not so awakened the vision of what
literature might mean. Thenceforth all life became ideal....

Then human passion, tender, faithful, immortal, came also by and
beckoned. "But let me die," she said. "Thus, thus it delights me to go
under the shades." Or that infinite tenderness, the stronger even for
its opening moderation of utterance, the last sigh of Aeneas after
Dido,--

  Nec me meminisse pigebit Elissam
  Dum memor ipse mihi, dum spiritus hos regit artus....

Or, with more definite and sublime grandeur, the vast forms of Roman
statesmanship appear: "Today, Romans, you behold the commonwealth, the
lives of you all, estates, fortunes, wives and children, and the seat of
this most renowned empire, this most fortunate and beautiful city,
preserved and restored to you by the distinguished love of the immortal
gods, and by my toils, counsels, and dangers."

What great thoughts were found within these pages, what a Roman vigor
was in these maxims! "It is Roman to do and suffer
bravely." "It is sweet and glorious to die for one's country." "He that
gives himself up to pleasure, is not worthy the name of a man."...

There was nothing harsh or stern in this book, no cynicism, no
indifference; but it was a flower-garden of lovely out-door allusions, a
gallery of great deeds; and as I have said before, it formed the child's
first real glimpse into the kingdom of words.

I was once asked by a doctor of divinity, who was also the overseer of a
college, whether I ever knew any one to look back with pleasure upon his
early studies in Latin and Greek. It was like being asked if one looked
back with pleasure on summer mornings and evenings. No doubt those
languages, like all others, have fared hard at the hands of pedants; and
there are active boys who hate all study, and others who love the
natural sciences alone. Indeed, it is a hasty assumption, that the
majority of boys hate Latin and Greek. I find that most college
graduates, at least, retain some relish for the memory of such studies,
even if they have utterly lost the power to masticate or digest them.
"Though they speak no Greek, they love the sound on't." Many a
respectable citizen still loves to look at his Horace or Virgil on the
shelf where it has stood undisturbed for a dozen years; he looks, and
thinks that he too lived in Arcadia.... The books link him with culture,
and universities, and the traditions of great scholars.

On some stormy Sunday, he thinks, he will take them down. At length he
tries it; he handles the volume awkwardly, as he does his infant; but it
is something to be able to say that neither book nor baby has been
actually dropped. He likes to know that there is a tie between him and
each of these possessions, though he is willing, it must be owned, to
leave the daily care of each in more familiar hands....

I must honestly say that much of the modern outcry against classical
studies seems to me to be (as in the case of good Dr. Jacob Bigelow) a
frank hostility to literature itself, as the supposed rival of science;
or a willingness (as in Professor Atkinson's
case) to tolerate modern literature, while discouraging the study of the
ancient. Both seem to commit the error of drawing their examples of
abuse from England, and applying their warnings to America.... Because
the House of Commons was once said to care more for a false quantity in
Latin verse than in English morals, shall we visit equal indignation on
a House of Representatives that had to send for a classical dictionary
to find out who Thersites was?...

Granted, that foreign systems of education may err by insisting on the
arts of literary structure too much; think what we should lose by
dwelling on them too little! The magic of mere words; the mission of
language; the worth of form as well as of matter; the power to make a
common thought immortal in a phrase, so that your fancy can no more
detach the one from the other than it can separate the soul and body of
a child; it was the veiled half revelation of these things that made
that old text-book forever fragrant to me. There are in it the still
visible traces of wild flowers which I used to press between the pages,
on the way to school; but it was the pressed flowers of Latin poetry
that were embalmed there first. These are blossoms that do not fade.

    --Thomas Wentworth Higginson


SAINT AUGUSTINE'S LOVE OF LATIN

Andrew Lang, in his _Adventures Among Books_, writes:

"Saint Augustine, like Sir Walter Scott at the University of Edinburgh,
was 'The Greek Dunce.' Both of these great men, to their sorrow and
loss, absolutely and totally declined to learn Greek. 'But what the
reason was why I hated the Greek language, while I was taught it, being
a child, I do not yet understand.' The Saint was far from being alone in
that distaste, and he who writes loathed Greek like poison--till he came
to Homer. Latin the Saint loved, except 'when reading, writing, and
casting of accounts was taught in Latin, which I held not far less
painful or penal than the very Greek. I wept for Dido's death, who made
herself away with the sword,' he declares, 'and even so, the saying that
two and two makes four was an ungrateful song in mine ears, whereas the
wooden horse full of armed men, the burning of Troy, and the very Ghost
of Creusa, was a most delightful spectacle of vanity.'"


THE WATCH OF THE OLD GODS

Were the old gods watching yet,
From their cloudy summits afar,
At evening under the evening star,
After the star is set,
Would they see in these thronging streets,
Where the life of the city beats
With endless rush and strain,
Men of a better mold,
Nobler in heart and brain,
Than the men of three thousand years ago,
In the pagan cities old,
O'er which the lichens and ivy grow?

Would they not see as they saw
In the younger days of the race,
The dark results of broken law,
In the bent form and brutal face
Of the slave of passions as old as earth,
And young as the infants of last night's birth?
Alas! the old gods no longer keep
Their watch from the cloudy steep;
But, though all on Olympus lie dead
Yet the smoke of commerce still rolls
From the sacrifice of souls,
To the heaven that bends overhead.


OLD AND NEW ROME

Still, as we saunter down the crowded street,
  On our own thoughts intent, and plans and pleasures,
For miles and miles beneath our idle feet,
  Rome buries from the day yet unknown treasures.

The whole world's alphabet, in every line
  Some stirring page of history she recalls,--
Her Alpha is the Prison Mamertine,
  Her Omega, St. Paul's, without the walls.

Above, beneath, around, she weaves her spells,
  And ruder hands unweave them all in vain:
Who once within her fascination dwells,
  Leaves her with but one thought--to come again.

So cast thy obol into Trevi's fountain--
  Drink of its waters, and, returning home,
Pray that by land or sea, by lake or mountain,
  "All roads alike may lead at last to Rome."

    --Herman Merivale


THE FALL OF ROME

Rome ruled in all her matchless pride,
  Queen of the world, an empire-state;
Her eagles conquered far and wide;
  Her word was law, her will was fate.

Within her immemorial walls
  The temples of the gods looked down;
Her forum echoed with the calls
  To greater conquest and renown.

All wealth, all splendor, and all might
  The world could give, before her lay;
She dreamed not there could come a night
  To dim the glory of her day.

Rome perished: Legions could not save,
  Nor wealth, nor might, nor majesty,--
The Roman had become a slave,
  But the barbarian was free.

    --Arthur Chamberlain


A CHRISTMAS HYMN

It was the calm and silent night!
Seven hundred years and fifty-three
Had Rome been growing up to might,
And now was queen of land and sea.
No sound was heard of clashing wars--
Peace brooded o'er the hushed domain:
Apollo, Pallas, Jove and Mars
Held undisturbed their ancient reign,
In the solemn midnight,
      Centuries ago.

'Twas in the calm and silent night!
The senator of haughty Rome
Impatient, urged his chariot's flight,
From lordly revel rolling home:
Triumphal arches, gleaming, swell
His breast with thoughts of boundless sway:
What recked the Roman what befell
A paltry province far away,
In the solemn midnight,
      Centuries ago?

Within that province far away
Went plodding home a weary boor;
A streak of light before him lay,
Falling through a half shut stable-door
Across his path. He passed--for naught
Told what was going on within:
How keen the stars, his only thought--
The air how calm, and cold and thin
In the solemn midnight,
      Centuries ago!

Oh, strange indifference! low and high
Drowsed over common joys and cares;
The earth was still--but knew not why,
The world was listening, unawares.
How calm a moment may precede
One that shall thrill the world forever!
To that still moment, none would heed,
Man's doom was linked no more to sever--
In the solemn midnight,
      Centuries ago!

It is the calm and silent night!
A thousand bells ring out, and throw
Their joyous peals abroad, and smite
The darkness--charmed and holy now!
The night that erst no name had worn,
To it a happy name is given;
For in that stable lay, new-born,
The peaceful prince of earth and heaven,
In the solemn midnight,
      Centuries ago!

    --Alfred Dommett


ROMAN GIRL'S SONG

Rome, Rome! thou art no more
  As thou hast been!
On thy seven hills of yore
  Thou satt'st a queen.

Thou hadst thy triumphs then
  Purpling the street,
Leaders and sceptred men
  Bow'd at thy feet.

They that thy mantle wore,
  As gods were seen--
Rome, Rome! thou art no more
  As thou hast been!

Rome! thine imperial brow
  Never shall rise:
What hast thou left thee now?--
  Thou hast thy skies!

Blue, deeply blue, they are,
  Gloriously bright!
Veiling thy wastes afar,
  With color'd light.

Thou hast the sunset's glow,
  Rome, for thy dower,
Flushing tall cypress bough,
  Temple and tower!

And all sweet sounds are thine,
  Lovely to hear,
While night, o'er tomb and shrine
  Rests darkly clear.

Many a solemn hymn,
  By starlight sung,
Sweeps through the arches dim,
  Thy wrecks among.

Many a flute's low swell,
  On thy soft air
Lingers, and loves to dwell
  With summer there.

Thou hast the south's rich gift
  Of sudden song--
A charmed fountain, swift,
  Joyous and strong.

Thou hast fair forms that move
  With queenly tread;
Thou hast proud fanes above
  Thy mighty dead.

Yet wears thy Tiber's shore
  A mournful mien:
Rome, Rome! Thou art no more
  As thou hast been!

    --Mrs. Hemans


CAPRI

Rising from the purpling water
  With her brow of stone,
Sprite or nymph or Triton's daughter,
Rising from the purpling water,
  Capri sits alone--

Sits and looks across the billow
  Now the day is done
Resting on her rocky pillow
Sits and looks across the billow
  Toward the setting sun.

Misty visions trooping sadly
  Glimmer through her tears,
Shapes of men contending madly,--
Misty visions trooping sadly
  From the vanished years.

Here Tiberius from his palace
  On the headland gray
Hurls his foes with gleeful malice,
Proud Tiberius at his palace
  Murd'ring men for play.

There Lamarque's recruits advancing
  Scale yon rocky spot,
'Neath the moon their bright steel glancing,
See Lamarque's recruits advancing
  Through a storm of shot.

But today the goat bells' tinkle
  And the vespers chime,
Vineyards shade each rock-hewn wrinkle,
And today the goat bells' tinkle
  Marks a happier time.

Soft the olive groves are gleaming,
  War has found surcease,
And as Capri sits a-dreaming
Soft the olive groves are gleaming,
  Crowning her with peace.

    --Walter Taylor Field


PALLADIUM

Set where the upper streams of Simois flow
  Was the Palladium, high 'mid rock and wood;
And Hector was in Ilium, far below,
  And fought, and saw it not--but there it stood!

It stood, and sun and moonshine rain'd their light
  On the pure columns of its glen-built hall.
Backward and forward rolled the waves of fight
  Round Troy,--but while this stood, Troy could not fall.

So, in its lovely moonlight, lives the soul.
  Mountains surround it, and sweet virgin air;
Cold plashing, past it, crystal waters roll;
  We visit it by moments, ah, too rare!

Men will renew the battle in the plain
  Tomorrow; red with blood will Xanthus be;
Hector and Ajax will be there again,
  Helen will come upon the wall to see.

Then we shall rust in shade, or shine in strife,
  And fluctuate 'twixt blind hopes and blind despairs,
And fancy that we put forth all our life,
  And never know how with the soul it fares.

Still doth the soul, from its lone fastness high,
  Upon our life a ruling effluence send;
And when it fails, fight as we will, we die,
  And while it lasts, we cannot wholly end.

    --Matthew Arnold


AFTER CONSTRUING

Lord Caesar, when you sternly wrote
  The story of your grim campaigns
And watched the ragged smoke-wreath float
  Above the burning plains,

Amid the impenetrable wood,
  Amid the camp's incessant hum
At eve, beside the tumbling flood,
  In high Avaricum,

You little recked, imperious head,
  When shrilled your shattering trumpets' noise,
Your frigid sections would be read
  By bright-eyed English boys.

Ah me! Who penetrates today
  The secret of your deep designs?
Your sovereign visions, as you lay
  Amid the sleeping lines?

The Mantuan singer pleading stands;
  From century to century
He leans and reaches wistful hands,
  And cannot bear to die.

But you are silent, secret, proud,
  No smile upon your haggard face,
As when you eyed the murderous crowd
  Beside the statue's base.

I marvel: That Titanic heart
  Beats strongly through the arid page,
And we, self-conscious sons of art,
  In this bewildering age,

Like dizzy revellers stumbling out
  Upon the pure and peaceful night,
Are sobered into troubled doubt,
  As swims across our sight,

The ray of that sequestered sun,
  Far in the illimitable blue,--
The dream of all you left undone,
  Of all you dared to do.

    --Arthur Christoher Benson


A ROMAN MIRROR

They found it in her hollow marble bed,
There where the numberless dead cities sleep,
They found it lying where the spade struck deep
A broken mirror by a maiden dead.

These things--the beads she wore about her throat,
Alternate blue and amber, all untied,
A lamp to light her way, and on one side
The toll men pay to that strange ferry-boat.

No trace today of what in her was fair!
Only the record of long years grown green
Upon the mirror's lustreless dead sheen,
Grown dim at last, when all else withered there

Dead, broken, lustreless! It keeps for me
One picture of that immemorial land,
For oft as I have held thee in my hand
The chill bronze brightens, and I dream to see

A fair face gazing in thee wondering wise
And o'er one marble shoulder all the while
Strange lips that whisper till her own lips smile
And all the mirror laughs about her eyes.

It was well thought to set thee there, so she
Might smooth the windy ripples of her hair
And knot their tangled waywardness or ere
She stood before the queen Persephone.

And still it may be where the dead folk rest
She holds a shadowy mirror to her eyes,
And looks upon the changelessness, and sighs
And sets the dead land lilies in her hand.

    --Rennell Rodd


THE DOOM OF THE SLOTHFUL

When through the dolorous city of damned souls
  The Florentine with Vergil took his way,
A dismal marsh they passed, whose fetid shoals
  Held sinners by the myriad. Swollen and grey,
  Like worms that fester in the foul decay
Of sweltering carrion, these bad spirits sank
Chin-deep in stagnant slime and ooze that stank.

Year after year forever--year by year,
  Through billions of the centuries that lie
Like specks of dust upon the dateless sphere
  Of heaven's eternity, they cankering sigh
  Between the black waves and the starless sky;
And daily dying have no hope to gain
By death or change or respite of their pain.

What was their crime, you ask? Nay, listen: "We
  Were sullen--sad what time we drank the light,
And delicate air, that all day daintily
  Is cheered by sunshine; for we bore black night
  And murky smoke of sloth, in God's despite,
Within our barren souls, by discontent
From joy of all fair things and wholesome pent:

Therefore in this low Hell from jocund sight
  And sound He bans us; and as there we grew
Pallid with idleness, so here a blight
  Perpetual rots with slow-corroding dew
  Our poisonous carcase, and a livid hue
Corpse-like o'erspreads these sodden limbs that take
And yield corruption to the loathly lake."

    --John Addington Symonds


HECTOR AND ANDROMACHE

_Andromache_

Will Hector leave me for the fatal plain,
Where, fierce with vengeance for Patroclus slain,
  Stalks Peleus' ruthless son?
Who, when thou glid'st amid the dark abodes,
To hurl the spear and to revere the gods,
  Shall teach thine Orphan One?

_Hector_

Woman and wife beloved--cease thy tears;
My soul is nerved--the war-clang in my ears!
  Be mine in life to stand
Troy's bulwark!--fighting for our hearths, to go
In death, exulting to the streams below,
  Slain for my father-land!

_Andromache_

No more I hear thy martial footsteps fall--
Thine arms shall hang, dull trophies, on the wall--
  Fallen the stem of Troy!
Thou go'st where slow Cocytus wanders--where
Love sinks in Lethe, and the sunless air
  Is dark to light and joy!

_Hector_

Longing and thought--yea, all I feel and think
May in the silent sloth of Lethe sink,
  But my love not!
Hark, the wild swarm is at the walls! I hear!
Gird on my sword--Belov'd one, dry the tear--
  Lethe for love is not!

    --Schiller


ENCELADUS

Under Mount Etna he lies,
 It is slumber, it is not death;
For he struggles at times to arise,
And above him the lurid skies
 Are hot with his fiery breath.

The crags are piled on his breast,
 The earth is heaped on his head;
But the groans of his wild unrest,
Though smothered and half suppressed,
 Are heard, and he is not dead.

And the nations far away
  Are watching with eager eyes;
They talk together and say,
"Tomorrow, perhaps today,
  Enceladus will arise!"

And the old gods, the austere
  Oppressors in their strength,
Stand aghast and white with fear
At the ominous sounds they hear,
  And tremble, and mutter, "At length!"

Ah me! for the land that is sown
  With the harvest of despair!
Where the burning cinders, blown
From the lips of the overthrown
  Enceladus, fill the air.

Where ashes are heaped in drifts
  Over vineyard and field and town,
Whenever he starts and lifts
His head through the blackened rifts
  Of the crags that keep him down.

See, see! the red light shines!
  'Tis the glare of his awful eyes!
And the storm-wind shouts through the pines,
Of Alps and of Apennines,
  "Enceladus, arise!"

    --Henry W. Longfellow


NIL ADMIRARI

When Horace in Venusian groves
  Was scribbling wit or sipping "Massic,"
Or singing those delicious loves
  Which after ages reckon classic,
He wrote one day--'twas no vagary--
These famous words:--_Nil admirari!_

"Wonder at nothing!" said the bard;
  A kingdom's fall, a nation's rising,
A lucky or a losing card,
  Are really not at all surprising;
However men or manners vary,
Keep cool and calm: _Nil admirari!_

If kindness meet a cold return;
  If friendship prove a dear delusion;
If love, neglected, cease to burn,
  Or die untimely of profusion,--
Such lessons well may make us wary,
But needn't shock: _Nil admirari!_

Ah! when the happy day we reach
 When promisers are ne'er deceivers;
When parsons practice what they preach,
  And seeming saints are all believers,
Then the old maxim you may vary,
And say no more, _Nil admirari!_

    --John G. Saxe


PERDIDI DIEM

  The Emperor Titus, at the close of a day in which he had neither
  gained any knowledge nor conferred benefit, was accustomed to
  exclaim, "Perdidi diem," "I have lost a day."

  Why art thou sad, thou of the sceptred hand?
The rob'd in purple, and the high in state?
  Rome pours her myriads forth, a vassal band,
And foreign powers are crouching at thy gate;
Yet dost thou deeply sigh, as if oppressed by fate.

  "_Perdidi diem!_"--Pour the empire's treasure,
Uncounted gold, and gems of rainbow dye;
  Unlock the fountains of a monarch's pleasure
To lure the lost one back. I heard a sigh--
One hour of parted time, a world is poor to buy.

  "_Perdidi diem!_"--'Tis a mournful story,
Thus in the ear of pensive eve to tell,
  Of morning's firm resolves, the vanish'd glory,
Hope's honey left within the withering bell
And plants of mercy dead, that might have bloomed so well.

  Hail, self-communing Emperor, nobly wise!
There are, who thoughtless haste to life's last goal.
  There are, who time's long squandered wealth despise.
_Perdidi vitam_ marks their finished scroll,
When Death's dark angel comes to claim the startled soul.

    --Mrs. Sigourney


JUPITER AND HIS CHILDREN

    A Classic Fable

Once, on sublime Olympus, when
Great Jove, the sire of gods and men,
Was looking down on this our Earth,
And marking the increasing dearth
Of pious deeds and noble lives,
While vice abounds and meanness thrives,--
He straight determined to efface
At one fell swoop the thankless race
Of human kind. "Go!" said the King
Unto his messenger, "and bring
The vengeful Furies; be it theirs,
Unmindful of their tears and prayers,
These wretches,--hateful from their birth,--
To wipe from off the face of earth!"
The message heard, with torch of flame
And reeking sword, Alecto came,
And by the beard of Pluto swore
The human race should be no more!
But Jove, relenting thus to see
The direst of the murderous three,
And hear her menace, bade her go
Back to the murky realms below.
"Be mine the cruel task!" he said,
And, at a word, a bolt he sped,
Which, falling in a desert place,
Left all unhurt the human race!
Grown bold and bolder, wicked men
Wax worse and worse, until again
The stench to high Olympus came,
And all the gods began to blame
The monarch's weak indulgence,--_they_
Would crush the knaves without delay!
  At this, the ruler of the air
Proceeds a tempest to prepare,
Which, dark and dire, he swiftly hurled
In raging fury on the world!
But not where human beings dwell
(So Jove provides) the tempest fell.
And still the sin and wickedness
Of men grew more, instead of less:
Whereat the gods declare, at length,
For thunder bolts of greater strength
Which Vulcan soon, at Jove's command,
Wrought in his forge with dexterous hand.
Now from the smithy's glowing flame
Two different sorts of weapons came:
To _hit_ the mark was one designed;
As sure to _miss_, the other kind.
The second sort the Thunderer threw,
Which not a human being slew;
But roaring loudly, hurtled wide
On forest-top and mountain-side!

MORAL

What means this ancient tale? That _Jove_
In wrath still felt a parent's love:
Whatever crimes he may have done,
The father yearns to spare the son.

    --John G. Saxe


THE PRAYER OF SOCRATES

_Socrates_

Ere we leave this friendly sky,
And cool Ilyssus flowing by,
Change the shrill cicala's song
For the clamor of the throng,
Let us make a parting prayer
To the gods of earth and air.

_Phaedrus_

My wish, O Friend, accords with thine,
Say thou the prayer, it shall be mine.

_Socrates_

This then, I ask, O thou beloved Pan,
And all ye other gods: Help, as ye can,
That I may prosper in the inner man;

Grant ye that what I have or yet may win
Of those the outer things may be akin
And constantly at peace within;

May I regard the wise the rich, and care
Myself for no more gold, as my earth-share,
Than he who's of an honest heart can bear.

    --John H. Finley


BY THE ROMAN ROAD

  "Poetry and paganism do not mix very well nowadays. The Hellenism of
  our versifiers is, as a rule, not Greek; it is derived partly from
  Swinburne and partly from Pater. But now and then there comes a poet
  who has real appreciation of the beauty of classic days; who can
  express sincerely and vividly the haunting charm of Greek or Roman
  culture. Such an one is the anonymous writer of these lines, which
  appeared in the London _Punch_."

The wind it sang in the pine-tops, it sang like a humming harp;
The smell of the sun on the bracken was wonderful sweet and sharp.
As sharp as the piney needles, as sweet as the gods were good,
For the wind it sung of the old gods, as I came through the wood!
It sung how long ago the Romans made a road,
And the gods came up from Italy and found them an abode.

It sang of the wayside altars (the pine-tops sighed like the surf),
Of little shrines uplifted, of stone and scented turf,
Of youths divine and immortal, of maids as white as the snow
That glimmered among the thickets a mort of years ago!
All in the cool of dawn, all in the twilight gray,
The gods came up from Italy along the Roman way.

The altar smoke it has drifted and faded afar on the hill;
No wood-nymphs haunt the hollows; the reedy pipes are still;
No more the youth Apollo shall walk in his sunshine clear;
No more the maid Diana shall follow the fallow-deer
(The woodmen grew so wise, the woodmen grew so old,
The gods went back to Italy--or so the story's told!).

But the woods are full of voices and of shy and secret things
The badger down by the brook-side, the flick of a woodcock's wings,
The plump of a falling fir-cone, the pop of the sunripe pods,
And the wind that sings in the pine-tops the song of the ancient gods--
The song of the wind that says the Romans made a road,
And the gods came up from Italy and found them an abode!


A NYMPH'S LAMENT

O Sister Nymphs, how shall we dance or sing
Remembering
What was and is not? How sing any more
Now Aphrodite's rosy reign is o'er?
For on the forest-floor
Our feet fall wearily the summer long,
The whole year long:
No sudden goddess through the rushes glides,
No eager God among the laurels hides;
Jove's eagle mopes beside an empty throne,
Persephone and Ades sit alone,
By Lethe's hollow shore.
And hear not any more
Echoed from poplar-tree to poplar-tree,
The voice of Orpheus making sweetest moan
For lost Eurydice.
The Fates walk all alone
In empty kingdoms, where is none to fear
Shaking of any spear.
Even the ghosts are gone
From lightless fields of mint and euphrasy:
There sings no wind in any willow-tree,
And shadowy flute-girls wander listlessly
Down to the shore where Charon's empty boat,
As shadowed swan doth float,
Rides all as listlessly, with none to steer.
A shrunken stream is Lethe's water wan
Unsought of any man:
Grass Ceres sowed by alien hands is mown,
And now she seeks Persephone alone.
The gods have all gone up Olympus' hill,
And all the songs are still
Of grieving Dryads, left
To wail about our woodland ways, bereft,
The endless summertide.
Queen Venus draws aside
And passes, sighing, up Olympus' hill.
And silence holds her Cyprian bowers, and claims
Her flowers, and quenches all her altar-flames,
And strikes dumb in their throats
Her doves' complaining notes:
      And sorrow
Sits crowned upon her seat: nor any morrow
Hears the Loves laughing round her golden chair.
(Alas, thy golden seat, thine empty seat!)
Nor any evening sees beneath her feet
The daisy rosier flush, the maidenhair
And scentless crocus borrow
From rose and hyacinth their savour sweet.
Without thee is no sweetness in the morn,
The morn that was fulfilled of mystery,
It lies like a void shell, desiring thee,
O daughter of the water and the dawn,
      Anadyomene!
There is no gold upon the bearded corn,
No blossom on the thorn;
And in wet brakes the Oreads hide, forlorn
Of every grace once theirs: no Faun will follow
  By herne or hollow
Their feet in the windy morn.

Let us all cry together "Cytherea!"
Lock hands and cry together: it may be
That she will heed and hear
And come from the waste places of the sea,
Leaving old Proteus all discomforted,
To cast down from his head
Its crown of nameless jewels, to be hurled
In ruins, with the ruined royalty
Of an old world.
The Nereids seek thee in the salt sea-reaches,
Seek thee; and seek, and seek, and never find:
Canst thou not hear their calling on the wind?
We nymphs go wandering under pines and beeches,
And far--and far behind
We hear Paris' piping blown
After us, calling thee and making moan
(For all the leaves that have no strength to cry,
The young leaves and the dry),
Desiring thee to bless these woods again,
Making most heavy moan
For withered myrtle-flowers,
For all thy Paphian bowers
Empty and sad beneath a setting sun;
  For dear days done!

The Naiads splash in the blue forest-pools--
  "Idalia--Idalia!" they cry.
"On Ida's hill,
With flutings faint and shrill,--
On Ida's hill the shepherds vainly try
Their songs, and coldly stand their damsels by,
Whatever tunes they try;
For beauty is not, and Love may not be,
  On land or sea--
Oh, not in earth or heaven, on land or sea,
While darkness holdeth thee."
The Naiads weep beside their forest-pools,
And from the oaks a hundred voices call,
"Come back to us, O thou desired of all!
Elsewhere the air is sultry: here it cools
And full it is of pine scents: here is still
The world-pain that has driven from Ida's hill
  Thine unreturning feet.

Alas! the days so fleet that were, and sweet,
When kind thou wert, and dear,
And all the loves dwelt here!
Alas! thy giftless hands, thy wandering feet!
Oh, here for Pithys' sake the air is sweet
And here snow falls not, neither burns the sun
Nor any winds make moan for dear days done.
Come, then: the woods are emptied all of glee,
And all the world is sad, desiring thee!"

    --Nora Hopper


HELEN OF TROY

I am that Helen, that very Helen
  Of Leda, born in the days of old:
Men's hearts as inns that I might dwell in:
  Houseless I wander to-night, and cold.

Because man loved me, no God takes pity:
  My ghost goes wailing where I was Queen!
Alas! my chamber in Troy's tall city,
  My golden couches, my hangings green!

Wasted with fire are the halls they built me,
  And sown with salt are the streets I trod,
Where flowers they scattered and spices spilt me--
  Alas, that Zeus is a jealous God!

Softly I went on my sandals golden;
  Of love and pleasure I took my fill;
With Paris' kisses my lips were holden,
  Nor guessed I, when life went at my will,
  That the fates behind me went softlier still.

    --Nora Hopper


AN ETRUSCAN RING

  Where, girt with orchard and with oliveyard,
The white hill-fortress glimmers on the hill,
Day after day an ancient goldsmith's skill
  Guided the copper graver, tempered hard
  By some lost secret, while he shaped the sard
Slowly to beauty, and his tiny drill,
Edged with corundum, ground its way until
  The gem lay perfect for the ring to guard.

Then seeing the stone complete to his desire,
With mystic imagery carven thus,
And dark Egyptian symbols fabulous,
He drew through it the delicate golden wire,
And bent the fastening; and the Etrurian sun
Sank behind Ilva, and the work was done.

  What dark-haired daughter of a Lucumo
Bore on her slim white finger to the grave
This the first gift her Tyrrhene lover gave,
  Those five-and-twenty centuries ago?
  What shadowy dreams might haunt it, lying low
So long, while kings and armies, wave on wave,
Above the rock-tomb's buried architrave
  Went trampling million-footed to and fro?

Who knows? but well it is so frail a thing,
Unharmed by conquering Time's supremacy,
Still should be fair, though scarce less old than Rome.
Now once again at rest from wandering
Across the high Alps and the dreadful sea,
In utmost England let it find a home.

    --J. W. Mackail


ORPHEUS WITH HIS LUTE

Orpheus with his lute made trees,
And the mountain tops that freeze,
  Bow themselves when he did sing:
To his music, plants and flowers
Ever sprung: as sun and showers
  There had made a lasting spring.

Everything that heard him play,
Even the billows of the sea,
  Hung their heads, and then lay by.
In sweet music is such art,
Killing care and grief of heart
  Fall asleep or hearing, die.

    --William Shakespeare


A HYMN IN PRAISE OF NEPTUNE

Of Neptune's empire let us sing
  At whose command the waves obey;
  To whom the rivers tribute pay,
Down the high mountains sliding:
  To whom the scaly nation yields
  Homage for the crystal fields
  Wherein they dwell:
And every sea-god pays a gem
  Yearly out of his wat'ry cell
To deck great Neptune's diadem.

The Tritons dancing in a ring
  Before his palace gates do make
  The waters with their echoes quake,
Like the great thunder sounding:
  The sea-nymphs chant their accents shrill,
  And the sirens, taught to kill
  With their sweet voice,
Make every echoing rock reply
  Unto their gentle murmuring noise
  The praise of Neptune's empery.

    --Thomas Campion


HORACE'S PHILOSOPHY OF LIFE

Book II, Ode 16

(In part, only)

He lives on little, and is blest,
  On whose plain board the bright
  Salt-cellar shines, which was his sire's delight,
Nor terrors, nor cupidity's unrest,
  Disturb his slumbers light.

Why should we still project and plan,
  We creatures of an hour?
  Why fly from clime to clime, new regions scour?
Where is the exile, who, since time began,
  To fly from self had power?

Fell care climbs brazen galley's sides;
  Nor troops of horse can fly
  Her foot, which than the stag's is swifter, ay,
Swifter than Eurus when he madly rides
  The clouds along the sky.

Careless what lies beyond to know,
  And turning to the best,
  The present, meet life's bitters with a jest,
And smile them down; since nothing here below
  Is altogether blest.

In manhood's prime Achilles died,
  Tithonus by the slow
  Decay of age was wasted to a show,
And Time may what it hath to thee denied
  On me perchance bestow.

To me a farm of modest size,
  And slender vein of song,
  Such as in Greece flowed vigorous and strong,
Kind fate hath given, and spirit to despise
 The base, malignant throng.

    --Sir Theodore Martin


AN INVITATION TO DINE WRITTEN BY HORACE TO VIRGIL

Book IV, Ode 12

Yes, a small box of nard from the stores of Sulpicius[2]
  A cask shall elicit, of potency rare
To endow with fresh hopes, dewy-bright and delicious,
  And wash from our hearts every cobweb of care.

If you'd dip in such joys, come--the better the quicker!--
  But remember the fee--for it suits not my ends,
To let you make havoc, scot-free, 'with my liquor,
  As though I were one of your heavy-pursed friends.

To the winds with base lucre and pale melancholy!--
  In the flames of the pyre these, alas! will be vain,
Mix your sage ruminations with glimpses of folly,--
  'Tis delightful at times to be somewhat insane.

    --Sir Theodore Martin

    [Footnote 2: Virgil must bring some rare perfume in exchange
    for the rich wine, since Horace thus playfully conditions his
    invitation.]


THE GOLDEN MEAN

Horace. Book II, Ode 10

Receive, dear friends, the truths I teach,
So shalt thou live beyond the reach
  Of adverse Fortune's power;
Not always tempt the distant deep,
Nor always timorously creep
  Along the treacherous shore.

He that holds fast the golden mean
And lives contentedly between
  The little and the great,
Feels not the wants that pinch the poor,
Nor plagues that haunt the rich man's door,
  Imbittering all his state.

The tallest pines feel most the power
Of wintry blasts; the loftiest tower
  Comes heaviest to the ground;
The bolts that spare the mountain's side
His cloud-capt eminence divide,
  And spread the ruin round.

The well-informed philosopher
Rejoices with a wholesome fear,
  And hopes in spite of pain;
If winter bellow from the north,
Soon the sweet spring comes dancing forth,
  And nature laughs again.

What if thine heaven be overcast?
The dark appearance will not last;
  Expect a brighter sky.
The god that strings a silver bow
Awakes sometimes the Muses too,
  And lays his arrows by.

If hindrances obstruct thy way,
Thy magnanimity display,
  And let thy strength be seen:
But O! if Fortune fill thy sail
With more than a propitious gale,
  Take half thy canvas in.

    --William Cowper


TO THE READER

Martial

He unto whom thou art so partial,
O reader, is the well-known Martial,
The Epigrammatist: while living,
Give him the fame thou wouldst be giving
So shall he hear, and feel, and know it:
Post-obits rarely reach a poet.

    --Lord Byron


ON PORTIA

Martial. Book I, xlii

When the sad tale, how Brutus fell, was brought,
And slaves refused the weapon Portia sought;
"Know ye not yet," she said, with towering pride,
"Death is a boon that cannot be denied?
I thought my father amply had imprest
This simple truth upon each Roman breast."
Dauntless she gulph'd the embers as they flamed
And, while their heat within her raged, exclaim'd
"Now, troublous guardians of a life abhorr'd,
Still urge your caution, and refuse the sword."

    --George Lamb


TO POTITUS

Martial. Book X, lxx

That scarce a piece I publish in a year,
Idle perhaps to you I may appear.
But rather, that I write at all, admire,
When I am often robbed of days entire.
Now with my friends the evening I must spend:
To those preferred my compliments must send.
Now at the witnessing a will make one:
Hurried from this to that, my morning's gone.
Some office must attend; or else some ball;
Or else my lawyer's summons to the hall.
Now a rehearsal, now a concert hear;
And now a Latin play at Westminster.
Home after ten return, quite tir'd and dos'd.
When is the piece, you want, to be compos'd?

    --John Hay


WHAT IS GIVEN TO FRIENDS IS NOT LOST

Martial

Your slave will with your gold abscond,
  The fire your home lay low,
Your debtor will disown his bond
  Your farm no crops bestow;
Your steward a mistress frail shall cheat;
Your freighted ship the storms will beat;
That only from mischance you'll save,
  Which to your friends is given;
The only wealth you'll always have
  Is that you've lent to heaven.

    --_English Journal of Education_,
        _Jan., 1856_


TO COTILUS

Martial

They tell me, Cotilus, that you're a beau:
What this is, Cotilus, I wish to know.
"A beau is one who, with the nicest care,
In parted locks divides his curling hair;
One who with balm and cinnamon smells sweet,
Whose humming lips some Spanish air repeat;
Whose naked arms are smoothed with pumice-stone,
And tossed about with graces all his own:
A beau is one who takes his constant seat
From morn till evening, where the ladies meet;
And ever, on some sofa hovering near,
Whispers some nothing in some fair one's ear;
Who scribbles thousand billets-doux a day;
Still reads and scribbles, reads, and sends away;
A beau is one who shrinks, if nearly pressed
By the coarse garment of a neighbor guest;
Who knows who flirts with whom, and still is found
At each good table in successive round:
A beau is one--none better knows than he
A race-horse, and his noble pedigree"--
Indeed? Why Cotilus, if this be so,
What teasing trifling thing is called a beau!

    --Elton


THE HAPPY LIFE

Martial

_To Julius Martialis_

The things that make a life to please,
(Sweetest Martial), they are these:
Estate inherited, not got:
A thankful field, hearth always hot:
City seldom, law-suits never:
Equal friends, agreeing forever:
Health of body, peace of mind:
Sleeps that till the morning bind:
Wise simplicity, plain fare:
Not drunken nights, yet loos'd from care:
A sober, not a sullen spouse:
Clean strength, not such as his that plows;
Wish only what thou art, to be;
Death neither wish, nor fear to see.

    --Sir Richard Fanshawe


TO A SCHOOLMASTER

Martial. Book X, lxii

Thou monarch of eight parts of speech,
Who sweep'st with birch a youngster's breech,
Oh! now awhile withhold your hand!
So may the trembling crop-hair'd band
Around your desk attentive hear,
And pay you love instead of fear;
So may yours ever be as full,
As writing or as dancing school.
The scorching dog-day is begun;
The harvest roasting in the sun;
Each Bridewell keeper, though requir'd
To use the lash, is too much tir'd.
Let ferula and rod together
Lie dormant, till the frosty weather.
Boys do improve enough in reason,
Who miss a fever in this season.

    --John Hay


EPITAPH ON EROTION

Martial. Book X, lxi

Underneath this greedy stone,
Lies little sweet Erotion;[3]
Whom the Fates, with hearts as cold,
Nipp'd away at six years old.
Thou, whoever thou mayst be,
That hast this small field after me,
Let the yearly rites be paid
To her little slender shade;
So shall no disease or jar
Hurt thy house, or chill thy Lar;
But this tomb be here alone
The only melancholy stone.

    --Leigh Hunt

    [Footnote 3: A little girl who died at six years of age.]


_NON AMO TE_

Martial. I, 32

Non amo te, Sabidi, nec possum dicere quare:
Hoc tantum possum dicere, non amo te.[4]

    [Footnote 4: This well known epigram is the original of one
    equally famous in English, that written by Tom Brown on Dr. John
    Fell, about 1670.

      "I do not like thee, Dr. Fell.
      The reason why I cannot tell;
      But this I know and know full well
      I do not like thee, Dr. Fell." ]


GRATITUDE

Some hae meat and canna eat,
And some wad eat that want it;
But we hae meat and we can eat
And sae the Lord be thanket.

    --Burns

Translation

Sunt quibus est panis
  nec amor tamen ullus edendi:
Sunt quibus hic amor est
  deest tamen ipse cibus.
Panis at est nobis
  et amor quoque panis edendi
Pro quibus est Domino
  gratia habenda Deo.

    --_The Lawrence Latinist_


A HYMN TO THE LARES

It was, and still my care is,
To worship ye, the Lares,
With crowns of greenest parsley,
And garlick chives not scarcely;
For favors here to warme me,
And not by fire to harme me;
For gladding so my hearth here,
With inoffensive mirth here;
That while the wassaile bowle here
With North-down ale doth troule here,
No sillable doth fall here,
To marre the mirth at all here.
For which, O chimney-keepers!
(I dare not call ye sweepers)
So long as I am able
To keep a country-table
Great be my fare, or small cheere,
I'll eat and drink up all here.

    --Robert Herrick


ELYSIUM

Past the despairing wail--
And the bright banquets of the Elysian Vale
Melt every care away!
Delight, that breathes and moves forever,
Glides through sweet fields like some sweet river!
Elysian life survey!
There, fresh with youth, o'er jocund meads,
His merry west-winds blithely leads
The ever-blooming May!
Through gold-woven dreams goes the dance of the Hours,
In space without bounds swell the soul and its powers,
And Truth, with no veil, gives her face to the day.
And joy today and joy tomorrow
But wafts the airy soul aloft;
The very name is lost to Sorrow,
And Pain is Rapture tuned more exquisitely soft.
Here the Pilgrim reposes the world-weary limb,
And forgets in the shadow, cool-breathing and dim,
The load he shall bear never more;
Here the mower, his sickle at rest, by the streams
Lull'd with harp strings, reviews, in the calm of his dreams
The fields, when the harvest is o'er.
Here, He, whose ears drank in the battle roar,
Whose banners streamed upon the startled wind
A thunder-storm,--before whose thunder tread
The mountains trembled,--in soft sleep reclined,
By the sweet brook that o'er its pebbly bed
In silver plays, and murmurs to the shore,
Hears the stern clangour of wild spears no more.

    --Schiller


ORPHEUS

Orpheus he went (as poets tell)
To fetch Euridice from hell;
And had her; but it was upon
This short, but strict, condition:
Backward he should not looke while he
Led her through hell's obscuritie.
But ah! it happened as he made
His passage through that dreadful shade,
Revolve he did his loving eye,
For gentle feare, or jelousie,
And looking back, that look did sever
Him and Euridice forever.

    --Robert Herrick


CERBERUS

Dear Reader, should you chance to go
To Hades, do not fail to throw
A "Sop to Cerberus" at the gate,
His anger to propitiate.
Don't say "Good dog!" and hope thereby
His three fierce Heads to pacify.
What though he try to be polite
And wag his tail with all his might,
How shall one amiable Tail
Against three angry Heads prevail?
The Heads _must_ win.--What puzzles me
Is why in Hades there should be
A watchdog; 'tis, I should surmise,
The _last_ place one would burglarize.

    --Oliver Herford


THE HARPY

They certainly contrived to raise
Queer ladies in the olden days.
Either the type had not been fixed,
Or else Zoölogy got mixed.
I envy not primeval man
This female on the feathered plan.
We only have, I'm glad to say,
Two kinds of human birds today--
Women and warriors, who still
Wear feathers when dressed up to kill.

    --Oliver Herford


CUPID AND THE BEE

Anacreon[5]

Young Cupid once a rose caressed,
And sportively its leaflets pressed.
The witching thing, so fair to view
One could not but believe it true,
Warmed, on its bosom false, a bee,
Which stung the boy-god in his glee.
Sobbing, he raised his pinions bright,
And flew unto the isle of light,
Where, in her beauty, myrtle-crowned,
The Paphian goddess sat enthroned.
Her Cupid sought, and to her breast
His wounded finger, weeping, pressed.
"O mother! kiss me," was his cry--
"O mother! save me, or I die;
A winged little snake or bee
With cruel sting has wounded me!"
The blooming goddess in her arms
Folded and kissed his budding charms;
To her soft bosom pressed her pride,
And then with truthful words replied:
"If thus a little insect thing
Can pain thee with its tiny sting,
How languish, think you, those who smart
Beneath my Cupid's cruel dart?
How fatal must that poison prove
That rankles on the shafts of Love."

    [Footnote 5: Anacreon was a Greek society poet, living in the
    sixth century B.C.]


THE ASSEMBLY OF THE GODS

O'er rolling stars, from heavenly stalls advancing,
  The coaches soon were seen, and a long train
Of mules with litters, horses fleet and prancing,
  Their trappings all embroidery, nothing plain;
And with fine liveries, in the sunbeams glancing,
  More than a hundred servants, rather vain
Of handsome looks and of their stature tall,
Followed their masters to the Council Hall.

First came the Prince of Delos, Phoebus hight,
  In a gay travelling carriage, fleetly drawn
By six smart Spanish chestnuts, shining bright,
  Which with their tramping shook the aerial lawn;
Red was his cloak, three-cocked his hat, and light
  Around his neck the golden fleece was thrown;
And twenty-four sweet damsels, nectar-sippers,
Were running near him in their pumps or slippers.

Pallas, with lovely but disdainful mien,
  Came on a nag of Basignanian race;
Tight round her leg, and gathered up, was seen
  Her gown, half Greek, half Spanish; o'er her face
Part of her hair hung loose, a natural screen,
  Part was tied up, and with becoming grace;
A bunch of feathers on her head she wore,
And on her saddle-bow her falchion bore.

But Ceres and the God of Wine appeared
  At once, conversing; and the God of Ocean
Upon a dolphin's back his form upreared,
  Floating through waves of air with graceful motion;
Naked, all sea-weed, and with mud besmeared;
  For whom his mother Rhea feels emotion,
Reproaching his proud brother, when she meets him,
Because so like a fisherman he treats him.

Diana, the sweet virgin, was not there;
  She had risen early and o'er woodland green
Had gone to wash her clothes in fountain fair
  Upon the Tuscan shore--romantic scene.
And not returning till the northern star
  Had rolled through dusky air and lost its sheen,
Her mother made excuses quite provoking,
Knitting at the time, a worsted stocking.

Juno-Lucina did not go--and why?
  She anxious wished to wash her sacred head.
Menippus, Jove's chief taster, standing by
  For the disastrous Fates excuses made.
They had much tow to spin, and lint to dry,
  And they were also busy baking bread.
The cellarman, Silenus, kept away,
To water the domestics' wine, that day.

On starry benches sit the famous warriors
  Of the immortal kingdom, in a ring;
Now drums and cymbals, echoing to the barriers,
  Announce the coming of the gorgeous king;
A hundred pages, valets, napkin-carriers
  Attend, and their peculiar offerings bring.
And after them, armed with his club so hard,
Alcides, captain of the city guard.

With Jove's broad hat and spectacles arrived
  The light-heeled Mercury; in his hand he bore
A sack, in which, of other means deprived,
  He damned poor mortals' prayers, some million score;
Those he disposed in vessels, well contrived,
  Which graced his father's cabinet of yore;
And, wont attention to all claims to pay,
He regularly signed them twice a day.

Then Jove himself, in royal habit dressed,
  With starry diadem upon his head,
And o'er his shoulders an imperial vest
  Worn upon holidays.--The king displayed
A sceptre, pastoral shape, with hooked crest:
  In a rich jacket too was he arrayed,
Given by the inhabitants of Sericane,
And Ganymede held up his splendid train.

    --A. Tassoni


A MODEL YOUNG LADY OF ANTIQUITY

  (Pliny, the Younger, writes the following in a letter relative to
  the death of Minicia Marcella, the daughter of his friend, Fundanus.)

Tristissimus haec tibi scribo, Fundani nostri filia minore defuncta,
qua puella nihil umquam festivius, amabilius, nec modo longiore vita
sed prope immortalitate dignius vidi. Nondum annos quattuor decem
impleverat, et iam illi anilis prudentia, matronalis gravitas erat, et
tamen suavitas puellaris cum virginali verecundia. Ut illa patris
cervicibus inhaerebat! Ut nos amicos paternos et amanter et modeste
complectabatur! ut nutrices, ut paedagogos, ut praeceptores, pro suo
quemque officio diligebat! quam studiose, quam intellegenter lectitabat!
ut parce custoditeque ludebat! Qua illa temperantia, qua patientia, qua
etiam constantia novissimam valetudinem tulit! Medicis obsequebatur,
sororem, patrem adhortabatur, ipsamque se destitutam corporis viribus
vigore animi sustinebat. Duravit hic illi usque ad extremum nec aut
spatio valetudinis aut metu mortis infractus est, quo plures
gravioresque nobis causas relinqueret et desiderii et doloris. O triste
plane acerbumque funus! O morte ipsa mortis tempus indignius! Iam
destinata erat egregio iuveni, iam electus nuptiarum dies, iam nos
vocati. Quod gaudium quo maerore mutatum est! Nec possum exprimere
verbis quantum anima vulnus acceperim, cum audivi Fundanum ipsum,
praecipientem, quod in vestes margarita gemmas fuerat erogaturus, hoc
in tus et unguenta et odores impenderetur.

  --C. Pliny. _Epist._ v, 16

Translation

I have the saddest news to tell you. Our friend Fundanus has lost his
youngest daughter. I never saw a girl more cheerful, more lovable, more
worthy of long life--nay, of immortality. She had not yet completed her
fourteenth year, and she had already the prudence of an old woman, the
gravity of a matron, and still, with all maidenly modesty, the sweetness
of a girl. How she would cling to her father's neck! how affectionately
and discreetly she would greet us, her father's friends! how she loved
her nurses, her attendants, her teachers,--everyone according to his
service. How earnestly, how intelligently, she used to read! How modest
was she and restrained in her sports! And with what self-restraint, what
patience--nay, what courage--she bore her last illness! She obeyed the
physicians, encouraged her father and sister, and, when all strength of
body had left her, kept herself alive by the vigor of her mind. This
vigor lasted to the very end, and was not broken by the length of her
illness or by the fear of death; so leaving, alas! to us yet more and
weightier reasons for our grief and our regret. Oh the sadness, the
bitterness of that death! Oh the cruelty of the time when we lost her,
worse even than the loss itself! She had been betrothed to a noble
youth; the marriage day had been fixed, and we had been invited. How
great a joy changed into how great a sorrow! I cannot express in words
how it went to my heart when I heard Fundanus himself (this is one of
the grievous experiences of sorrow) giving orders that what he had meant
to lay out on dresses, and pearls, and jewels, should be spent on
incense, unguents, and spices.

    --Tr. Alfred J. Church


TO LESBIA'S SPARROW

Lugete, o Veneres Cupidinesque,
Et quantumst hominum venustiorum.
Passer mortuus est meae puellae,
Passer, deliciae meae puellae,
Quem plus illa oculis suis amabat:
Nam mellitus erat suamque norat
Ipsa tam bene quam puella matrem,
Nec sese a gremio illius movebat,
Sed circumsiliens modo huc modo illuc
Ad solam dominam usque pipiabat.
Qui nunc it per iter tenebricosum
Illuc unde negant redire quemquam.
At vobis male sit, malae tenebrae
Orci, quae omnia bella devoratis:
Tam bellum mihi passerem abstulistis.
O factum male! io miselle passer!
Tua nunc opera meae puellae
Flendo turgiduli rubent ocelli.

    --Catullus


Translation

Each Love, each Venus, mourn with me!
Mourn, every son of gallantry!
The sparrow, my own nymph's delight,
The joy and apple of her sight;
The honey-bird, the darling dies,
To Lesbia dearer than her eyes,
As the fair one knew her mother,
So he knew her from another.
With his gentle lady wrestling,
In her snowy bosom nestling;
With a flutter and a bound,
Quiv'ring round her and around;
Chirping, twitt'ring, ever near,
Notes meant only for her ear.
Now he skims the shadowy way,
Whence none return to cheerful day.
Beshrew the shades! that thus devour
All that's pretty in an hour.
The pretty sparrow thus is dead;
The tiny fugitive is fled.
Deed of spite! poor bird!--ah! see,
For thy dear sake, alas! for me!--
My nymph with brimful eyes appears,
Red from the flushing of her tears.

    --Elton


CICERO

  The following tribute to Cicero was written by Catullus, the Roman
  lyric poet (87-54 B.C.)

Disertissime Romuli nepotum,
Quot sunt quotque fuere, Marce Tulli,
Quot que post aliis erunt in annis,
Gratius tibi maximas Catullus
Agit, pessimus omnium poeta,
Tanto pessimus omnium poeta
Quanto tu optimus omnium patronum.

Translation

Tully, most eloquent, most sage
  Of all the Roman race,
That deck the past or present age,
  Or future days may grace.

Oh! may Catullus thus declare
  An overflowing heart;
And, though the worst of poets, dare
  A grateful lay impart!

'Twill teach thee how thou hast surpast
  All others in thy line;
For, far as he in his is last,
  Art thou the first in thine.

   --Charles Lamb


_DE PATIENTIA_

Patiendo fit homo melior,
Auro pulchrior,
Vitro clarior,
Laude dignior,
Gradu altior,
A vitiis purgatior,
Virtutibus perfectior,
Iesu Christo acceptior,
Sanctis quoque similior,
Hostibus suis fortior,
Amicis amabilior.

    --Thomas à Kempis


THE FAVORITE PRAYER OF MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS[6]

O Domine Deus!
Speravi in te;
O care mi Iesu!
Nunc libera me:
In dura catena
In misera poena
Desidero te;
Languendo, gemendo,
Et genuflectendo
Adoro, imploro,
Ut liberes me!

Translation

My Lord and my God! I have trusted in Thee;
O Jesus, my Savior belov'd, set me free:
In rigorous chains, in piteous pains,
I am longing for Thee!
In weakness appealing, in agony kneeling,
I pray, I beseech Thee, O Lord, set me free!

    [Footnote 6: From the Prayer-book of Queen Mary, and believed to
    be her composition. Said to have been uttered by the queen just
    before her execution.]


_ULTIMA THULE_

  American pride has often gloried in Seneca's "Vision of the West"
  written more than 1800 years ago.

    Venient annis
Saecula seris, quibus Oceanus
Vincula rerum laxet, et ingens
Pateat tellus, Tethysque novos
Detegat orbes, nec sit terris
Ultima Thule.

    --Seneca

Translation

A time will come in future ages far
When Ocean will his circling bounds unbar,
And, opening vaster to the Pilot's hand,
New worlds shall rise, where mightier kingdoms are,
Nor Thule longer be the utmost land.


THE ROMAN OF OLD

Oh, the Roman was a rogue,
  He erat, was, you bettum;
He ran his automobilis
  And smoked his cigarettum;
He wore a diamond studibus
  And elegant cravatum,
A maxima cum laude shirt
  And such a stylish hattum.

He loved the luscious hic-haec-hoc,
  And bet on games and equi:
At times he won: at others, though,
  He got it in the nequi.
He winked (quousque tandem?)
  At puellas on the Forum,
And sometimes even made
  Those goo-goo oculorum!

He frequently was seen
  At combats gladiatorial,
And ate enough to feed
  Ten boarders at Memorial:
He often went on sprees,
  And said on starting homus,
"Hic labor, opus est,
  Oh, where's my hic-haec-domus?"

Although he lived in Rome--
  Of all the arts the middle--
He was (excuse the phrase)
  A horrid individ'l;
Ah, what a different thing
  Was the homo (dative homini)
Of far away B.C.
  From us of Anno Domini!

    --_Harvard Lampoon_


_ICH BIN DEIN_

  The _Journal of Education_ commends this ingenious poem, written
  in seven languages--English, French, German, Greek, Latin, Spanish,
  and Italian--as one of the best specimens of Macaronic verse in
  existence, and worthy of preservation by all collectors.

_In tempus_ old a hero lived,
  _Qui_ loved _puellas deux_;
He no _pouvait pas_ quite to say
  Which one _amabat mieux_.
_Dit-il lui-meme un beau matin_,
  "_Non possum_ both _avoir_,
_Sed si_ address Amanda Ann,
  Then Kate _y yo_ have war.
Amanda _habet argent_ coin,
  _Sed_ Kate has _aureas_ curls;
_Et_ both _sunt_ very _agathæ_
  _Et_ quite _formosæ_ girls."
_Enfin_ the _joven anthropos_,
  _Philoun_ the _duo_ maids,
Resolved _proponere ad_ Kate
  _Devant cet_ evening's shades,
_Procedens_ then to Kate's _domo_,
  _Il trouve_ Amanda there,
_Kai_ quite forgot his late resolves,
  Both _sunt_ so goodly fair,
_Sed_ smiling on the new _tapis_,
  Between _puellas_ twain,
_Coepit_ to tell _suo_ love _a_ Kate
  _Dans un poetique_ strain.
_Mais_, glancing ever _et_ anon
  At fair Amanda's eyes,
_Illæ non possunt dicere_
  _Pro_ which he meant his sighs.
Each _virgo_ heard the demi-vow,
  _Con_ cheeks as _rouge_ as wine,
_Ed_ offering, each, a milk-white hand,
  Both whispered, "_Ich bin dein._"


_MALUM OPUS_

Prope ripam fluvii solus
  A senex silently sat;
Super capitum ecce his wig,
  Et wig super, ecce his hat.

Blew Zephyrus alte, acerbus,
  Dum elderly gentleman sat;
Et a capite took up quite torve
  Et in rivum projecit his hat.

Tunc soft maledixit the old man,
  Tunc stooped from the bank where he sat,
Et cum scipio poked in the water,
  Conatus servare his hat.

Blew Zephyrus alte, acerbus,
  The moment it saw him at that;
Et whisked his novum scratch wig
  In flumen, along with his hat.

Ab imo pectore damnavit,
  In coeruleus eye dolor sat;
Tunc despairingly threw in his cane,
  Nare cum his wig and his hat.

_L'Envoi_

Contra bonos mores, don't swear
  It est wicked you know (verbum sat)
Si this tale habet no other moral
  Mehercle! You're gratus to that.

    --James A. Morgan


_FELIS_

A cat sedebat on our fence
  As laeta as could be;
Her vox surgebat to the skies,
  Canebat merrily.

My clamor was of no avail,
  Tho' clare did I cry.
Conspexit me with mild reproof,
  And winked her alter eye.

Quite vainly ieci boots, a lamp,
  Some bottles and a book;
Ergo, I seized my pistol, et
  My aim cum cura took.

I had six shots, dixi, "Ye gods,
  May I that felis kill!"
Quamquam I took six of her lives
  The other three sang still.

The felis sang with major vim,
  Though man's aim was true,
Conatus sum, putare quid
  In tonitru I'd do.

A scheme advenit in my head
  Scivi, 'twould make her wince--
I sang! Et then the hostis fled
  Non eam vidi since.

    --_Tennessee University Magazine_


_AMANTIS RES ADVERSAE_

A homo ibat, one dark night
  Puellas visitare
Et mansit there so very late
  Ut illi constet cura.

Pueri walking by the house
  Saw caput in fenestra,
Et sunt morati for a while
  To see quis erat in there.

Soon caput turned its nasum round
  In viam puerorum;
Agnoscunt there the pedagogue,
  Oh! maximum pudorem!

Progressus puer to the door
  Cum magna quietate,
Et turned the key to lock him in
  Moratus satis ante.

Tum pedagogue arose to go
  Est feeling hunky-dore:
Sed non potest to get out
  Nam key's outside the fore.

Ascendit sweetheart now the stairs
  Cum festinato pede,
Et roused puellas from their sleep
  Sed habent non the door key.

Tum excitavit dominum
  By her tumultuous voce
Insanus currit to the door
  Et vidit puellam.

"Furenti place," the master roared,
  "Why spoil you thus my somnum?
Exite from the other door
  Si rogues have locked the front one."

Puella tristis hung her head
  And took her lover's manum,
Et cite from the other door
  His caput est impulsum.

Cum magno gradu redit domum
  Retrorsum umquam peeping,
Et never ausus est again
  Vexare people's sleeping.


_PUER EX JERSEY_

Puer ex Jersey
  Iens ad school;
Vidit in meadow,
  Infestum mule.

Ille approaches
  O magnus sorrow!
Puer it skyward
  Funus TOMORROW.

_Moral_

Qui vidit a thing
  Non ei well-known
Est bene for him
  Id relinqui alone.

    --_Anonymous_


       *       *       *       *       *


            SONGS THAT MAY BE USED

               FOR THE PROGRAMS


       *       *       *       *       *


FLEVIT LEPUS PARVULUS

16th Century Student Song

[**Music]

Flevit lepus parvulus
clamans altis vocibus:

[Chorus]
Quid feci hominibus,
quod me sequuntur canibus?

Neque in horto fui,
neque olus comedi.

Longas aures habeo,
brevem caudam teneo.

Leves pedes habeo,
magnum saltum facio.

Domus mea silva est,
lectus meus durus est.

    [Footnote in original book (published 1916):
    By permission of Miss M.L. Smith. Latin Lessons. Allyn and Bacon.]


CARMEN VITÆ.

H. W. Longfellow, 1839, English
B. L. D'Ooge, 1885, Latin
F. H. Barthélémon, 1741-1808

[**Music]

Ne narrate verbis mæstis,
Esse vitam somnium!
Vita nam iners est inanis,
Et est visum perfidum.

Vita vera! vita gravis!
Meta non est obitus;
"Cinis es et cinis eris,"
Nihil est ad spiritus.

Ned lætitia, nec mæror,
Finis designatus est;
Sed augere, est noster labor,
Semper rem quæ nobis est.

Ars est longa, tempus fugit,
Ut cor tuum valens sit,
Tamen modum tristem tundit
Neniæ qui concinit.

Orbis terræ campo in lato,
In ætatis proeliis,
Mutum pecus turpe ne esto!
Heros esto in copiis!

Fidere futuro noli!
Anni numquam redeunt.
Age nunc! age in præsenti!
Fortes dei diligunt.

Summi nos admonent omnes
Simus inter nobilis,
Et legemus, disce dentes,
Signa viæ posteris;

Signa forsitan futura
Alicui felicia,
Qui, tum in dura vitæ via,
Cernat hæc cum gratia.

Agite, tum nos nitamur
Quidquid erit, fortiter,
Superantes iam sequamur
Patienter, acriter.

Vita vera! vita gravis!
Meta non est obitus;
"Cinis es et cinis eris,"
Nihil est ad spiritus.


GAUDEAMUS

[**Music]

Gaudeamus igitur,
  Iuvenes dum sumus;
Post iucundam iuventutem,
Post molestam senectutem,
  Nos habebit humus.

Ubi sunt, qui ante nos
  In mundo fuere?
Transeas ad superos,
Abeas ad inferos,
  Quos si vis videre.

Vita nostra brevis est,
  Brevi finietur;
Venit mors velociter,
Rapit nos atrociter,
  Nemini parcetur.

Vivat academia,
  Vivant professores,
Vivat membrum quodlibet,
Vivant membra quaelibet,
  Semper sint in flore.

Vivant omnes virgines,
  Faciles formosae;
Vivant et mulieres,
Dulces et amabiles,
  Bonae, laboriosae.

Vivat et res publica,
  Et qui illam regit.
Vivat nostra civitas,
Maecenatum caritas,
  Quae nos hic protegit.

Pereat tristitia,
  Pereant osores,
Pereat diabolus,
Quivis antiburschius
  Atque irrisores.

Translation

While the glowing hours are bright,
  Let not sadness mar them,
For when age shall rifle youth,
And shall drive our joys unsooth,
  Then the grave will bar them.

Where are those who from the world
  Long ago departed!
Scale Olympus' lofty height--
See grim Hades' murky night--
  There are the great hearted.

Mortal life is but a span,
  That is quickly fleeting;
Cruel death comes on apace
And removes us from the race,
  None with favor treating.

Long may this fair temple stand,
  Nassau now and ever!
Long may her professors grace
Each his own time honored place,
  Friendship failing never.

May our charming maidens live,
  Matchless all in beauty,
May our blooming matrons long
Be the theme of grateful song,
  Patterns bright of duty.

May our Union grow in strength,
  Faithful rulers guiding;
In the blaze of Freedom's light
Where the genial arts are bright,
  Find we rest abiding.

Out on sighing! Vanish hate,
  And ye friends of sadness;
To his chill abode of woe,
Let the dread Philistine go,
  Who would steal our gladness.

    --Tr. J. A. Pearce, Jr.


_LAURIGER HORATIUS_

[**Music]

Lauriger Horatius,
  Quam dixisti verum!
Fugit Euro citius
  Tempus edax rerum.

_Chorus_

Ubi sunt, O pocula,
  Dulciora melle,
Rixae, pax, et oscula
  Rubentis puellae?

Crescit uva molliter,
  Et puella crescit,
Sed poeta turpiter
  Sitiens canescit.

Quid iuvat aeternitas
  Nominis, amare
Nisi terrae filias
  Licet, et potare?

Translation

Horace, crowned with laurels bright,
  Truly thou hast spoken;
Time outspeeds the swift winds' flight,
  Earthly power is broken.

_Chorus_

Give me cups that foaming rise,
  Cups with fragrance laden,
Pouting lips and smiling eyes,
  Of a blushing maiden.

Blooming grows the budding vine,
  And the maid grows blooming;
But the poet quaffs not wine,
  Age is surely dooming.

Who would grasp at empty fame?
  'Tis a fleeting vision;
But for love and wine we claim,
  Sweetness all Elysian.

    --Tr. J. A. Pearce, Jr.


AMERICA

  This singable Latin translation of America was made by Professor
  George D. Kellogg of Union College and appeared in _The Classical
  Weekly_.

Te cano, Patria,
candida, libera;
    te referet
portus et exulum
et tumulus senum;
libera montium
    vox resonet.

Te cano, Patria,
semper et atria
    ingenuum;
laudo virentia
culmina, flumina;
sentio gaudia
    caelicolum.

Sit modulatio!
libera natio
    dulce canat!
labra vigentia,
ora faventia,
saxa silentia
    vox repleat!

Tutor es unicus,
unus avum deus!
    Laudo libens.
Patria luceat,
libera fulgeat,
vis tua muniat,
    Omnipotens!


INTEGER VITÆ.

[**Music]

Horace. Book I, Ode xxii

Integer vitae, scelerisque purus
Non eget Mauris jaculis nec arcu,
Nec venenatis gravida sagittis,
  Fusce, pharetra.

Sive per Syrtes, iter aestuosas,
Sive facturus per inhospitalem
Caucasum, vel quae loca fabulosus
  Lambit Hydaspes.

Pone me pigris ubi nulla campis
Arbor aestiva recreatur aura;
Quod latus mundi nebulae malusque
  Iuppiter urget;

Pone sub curru nimium propinqui
Solis, in terra domibus negata:
Dulce ridentem Lalagen amabo,
  Dulce loquentem.

Translation

Fuscus, the man of life upright and pure
Needeth nor javelin, nor bow of Moor
Nor arrows tipped with venom deadly-sure,
  Loading his quiver.

Whether o'er Afric's burning sand he rides,
Or frosty Caucasus' bleak mountain-sides,
Or wanders lonely, where Hydaspes glides,
  That storied river.

Place me where no life-laden summer breeze
Freshens the meads, or murmurs 'mongst the trees;
Where clouds oppress, and withering tempests' breeze
  From shore to shore.

Place me beneath the sunbeams' fiercest glare,
On arid sands, no dwelling anywhere,
Still Lalage's sweet smile, sweet voice _e'en there_
  I will adore.

    --Tr. William Greenwood


ROCK OF AGES

Iesu, pro me perforatus,
Condar intra tuum latus,
Tu per lympham profluentem,
Tu per sanguinem tepentem,
In peccata mi redunda,
Tolle culpam, sordes munda.

Coram te nec iustus forem,
Quamvis tota vi laborem.
Nec si fide nunquam cesso,
Fletu stillans indefesso:
Tibi soli tantum munus:
Salva me, Salvator unus!

Nil in manu mecum fero
Sed me versus crucem gero;
Vestimenta nudus oro,
Opem debilis imploro;
Fontem Christi quaero immundus,
Nisi laves, moribundus.

Dum hos artus vita regit;
Quando nox sepulchre tegit;
Mortuos cum stare iubes;
Sedens iudex inter nubes;
Iesu, pro me perforatus,
Condar intra tuum latus.

    --Toplady. Tr. by Gladstone


_DIES IRAE_[7]

Dies irae, dies illa
Solvet saeclum in favilla,
Teste David cum Sybilla.

Quantus tremor est futurus,
Quando iudex est venturus,
Cuncta stricte discussurus!

Tuba, mirum spargens sonum
Per sepulcra regionum,
Coget omnes ante thronum.

Mors stupebit, et natura,
Cum resurget creatura
Iudicanti responsura.

Liber scriptus proferetur,
Inquo totum continetur,
Unde mundus iudicetur.

Iudex ergo cum sedebit,
Quidquid latet, apparebit,
Nil inultum remanebit.

Quid sum miser tunc dicturus,
Quem patronum rogaturus,
Cum vix iustus sit securus?

Rex tremendae maiestatis,
Qui salvandos salvas gratis,
Salva me, fons pietatis!

Recordare, Iesu pie,
Quod sum causa tuae viae;
Ne me perdas illa die!

Quaerens me sedisti lassus,
Redemisti crucem passus:
Tantus labor non sit cassus!

Iuste iudex ultionis,
Donum fac remissionis
Ante diem rationis!

    --Thomas of Celano

    [Footnote 7: "This marvelous hymn is the acknowledged masterpiece
    of Latin poetry and the most sublime of all uninspired hymns."
        --Schaff.]

Translation

Day of Wrath,--that Day of Days,--
When earth shall vanish in a blaze,
As David, with the Sibyl, says!

What a trembling will come o'er us,
When the Judge shall be before us,
For every hidden sin to score us!

The trumpet with its wondrous sound,
Piercing each sepulchral mound,
Shall summon all, the throne around.

Nature and death will stand aghast,
When those who to the grave have past,
Come answering to the judgment blast!

The Written Book shall be unrolled,
Wherein the deeds of all are told,
And shall the doom of all unfold.

For when the Judge shall be enthroned,
No secret shall be left unowned,
No crime or trespass unatoned.

When for a guilty wretch like me,
What plea, what pleader, will there be,
When scarcely shall the just go free!

King of tremendous majesty,
Whose grace saves all who saved may be,
Fountain of mercy, oh save me!

Forget not then, dear Son of God,
For my sake Thou thy way hast trod,
Nor let me sink beneath thy rod.

Yes, me to save Thou sat'st in pain,
Nor didst the bitter Cross disdain,--
Let not such anguish be in vain!

Unerring Judge, thy wrath restrain,
And let my sins remission gain,
While still the days of grace remain.

    --Tr. Robert C. Winthrop


_AD SANCTUM SPIRITUS_[8]

Veni, Sancte Spiritus,
Et emitte coelitus
Lucis tuae radium.
Veni, pater pauperum,
Veni, dator munerum,
Veni, lumen cordium;

O lux beatissima,
Reple cordis intima
Tuorum fidelium!
Sine tuo numine
Nihil est in homine,
Nihil est innoxium.

Da tuis fidelibus
In te confitentibus
Sacrum septenarium;
Da virtutis meritum,
Da salutis exitum,
Da perenne gaudium!

    [Footnote 8: Ascribed to Innocent III, Robert II, of France, and
    others. Ranks second to _Dies Irae_ among the Great Hymns. Can be
    sung to the tune of Rock of Ages.]

Translation

Holy Spirit, come, we pray
Shed from Heaven thine inward ray,
Kindle darkness into day.
Come, Thou Father of the poor,
Come, Thou source of all our store,
Light of hearts forevermore.

Light most blissful! Fire divine!
Fill, oh! fill these hearts of Thine!
On our inmost being shine.
If in Thee it be not wrought
All in men is simply naught,
Nothing pure in deed and thought.

On the faithful who confide,
Solely in Thyself as guide,
Let Thy sevenfold gifts abide.
Grant them virtue's full increase,
Grant them safe and sweet release,
Grant them everlasting peace!


_ADESTE, FIDELES_

_A Christmas Hymn_

Adeste, fideles,
Laeti, triumphantes,
Venite, venite in Bethlehem:
Natum videte
Regem Angelorum:

_Chorus_

Venite adoremus,
Venite adoremus,
Venite adoremus Dominum.

Deum de Deo,
Lumen de lumine,
Gestant puellae viscera:
Deum verum,
Genitum non factum:

Cantet nunc Io
Chorus Angelorum,
Cantet nunc aula caelestium:
Gloria in
Excelsis Deo:

Ergo qui natus
Die hodierna
Iesu, tibi sit gloria:
Patris aeterni
Verbum caro factum.

Translation

O come, all ye faithful,
Joyful and triumphant,
O come ye, O come ye to Bethlehem;
Come and behold him.
Born, the King of Angels;
O come, let us adore Him,
O come, let us adore Him,
O come, let us adore Him, Christ the Lord.

God of God,
Light of Light,
Lo! He abhors not the Virgin's womb;
Very God,
Begotten, not created;
O come, let us adore Him, etc.

Sing choirs of Angels,
Sing in exultation,
Sing, all ye citizens of Heav'n above:
"Glory to God
In the highest";
O come, let us adore Him, etc.

Yea, Lord, we greet Thee,
Born this happy morning;
Jesu, to Thee be glory given;
Word of the Father,
Now in flesh appearing;
O come, let us adore Him, etc.


_DE NATIVITATE DOMINI_[9]

Puer natus in Bethlehem
Unde gaudet Ierusalem

Hic iacet in praesepio,
Qui regnat sine termino.

Cognovit bos et asinus
Quod puer erat Dominus.

Reges de Saba veniunt,
Aurum, thus, myrrham offerunt.

Intrantes domum invicem
Novum salutant Principem.

De matre natus virgine
Sine virile semine;

Sine serpentis vulnere
De nostro venit sanguine;

In carne nobis similis,
Peccato sed dissimilis;

Ut redderet nos homines
Deo et sibi similes

In hoc natali gaudio
Benedicamus Domino.

Laudetur sancta Trinitas;
Deo dicamus gratias.

    [Footnote 9: This may be sung to the tune of Sweet Hour of Prayer.]

       *       *       *       *       *


BIBLIOGRAPHY


Bazin, René. _The Italians of Today_. New York. Henry Holt & Co.   $1.25

Becker, W.A. _Gallus_. New York. Longmans, Green, and Co.           1.25

Brooks, Elbridge S. _Heroic Happenings_. New York. G.P. Putnam's
  Sons                                                              1.25

Church, Alfred J. _Roman Life in the Days of Cicero_. New York.
  Dodd, Mead, & Co.                                                 1.25

Clement, Clara Erskine. _Rome: The Eternal City_. Boston. Dana Estes
  & Co. 2 vols.                                                     3.00

Cruttwell, Charles Thomas. _A History of Roman Literature_. New York.
  Charles Scribner's Sons                                           2.50

Davis, William Stearns. _Readings in Ancient History_. Rome and the
  West. Boston. Allyn and Bacon                                     1.00

De Coulanges, Fustel. _The Ancient City_. Boston. Lothrop, Lee and
  Shepard                                                           2.00

Dennie, John. _Rome of Today and Yesterday_. New York. G.P. Putnam's
  Sons                                                              4.50

Dodge, Theodore A. _Great Captains. Caesar_. Boston, Houghton,
  Mifflin Co.                                                       2.00

Forman, Harry Buxton. _The Prose Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley_.
  New York. Macmillan. 5 vols.                                 .75¢ each

Fowler, W. Warde. _Social Life at Rome in the Age of Cicero_. New
  York. Macmillan                                                   2.25

Froude, James Anthony. _Caesar_. A Sketch. New York. Charles
  Scribner's Sons                                                   1.50

Gayley, Charles Mills. _The Classic Myths in English Literature_.
  Boston. Ginn and Company                                          1.60

Guhl and Koner. _The Life of the Greeks and Romans_. New York.
  Charles Scribner's Sons                                           2.50

Hare, Augustus J.C. _Walks in Rome_. New York. Macmillan            2.50

Inge, William Ralph. _Society in Rome under the Caesars_. New York.
  Charles Scribner's Sons                                           1.25

Johnston, H.W. _The Private Life of the Romans_. Chicago. Scott,
  Foresman & Co.                                                    1.50

Kelsey, Francis W. _Latin and Greek in American Education_. New
  York. Macmillan                                                   1.50

Lanciani, Rodolfo. _Ancient Rome in the Light of Recent Discoveries_.
  Boston. Houghton, Mifflin Co.                                     6.00

Munro, Dana Carleton. _Source Book in Roman History_. New York. D.C.
  Heath & Co.                                                       1.00

Peck, Harry Thurston. _Harper's Dictionary of Classical Literature
  and Antiquities_. New York. American Book Company                 6.00

Quackenbos, John D. _Illustrated History of Ancient Literature_.
  New York. American Book Company                                   1.20

Shumway, Edgar S. _A Day in Ancient Rome_. New York. D.C. Heath & Co.
  (Paper cover 30_c_.)                                               .75

Story, William W. _Roba di Roma_. Boston. Houghton, Mifflin Co.     2.50

Webster, Hutton. _Ancient History_. New York. D.C. Heath & Co.      1.50

Webster, Hutton. _Readings in Ancient History_.                     1.00

Wilkinson, William Cleaver. _College Latin Course in English_. New
  York. Chautauqua Press                                            1.50

Wilkinson, William Cleaver. _Foreign Classics in English_. Vol. IV.
  New York. Funk & Wagnalls                                         1.50




ACKNOWLEDGMENT


[Transcriber's Note:
The following section is reproduced unchanged from the original text
(published 1916).]

I wish to express my sincere gratitude to Professor Benjamin L. D'Ooge,
of the Michigan State Normal School, for his generous assistance and
hearty encouragement in the preparation of this work.

Sincere thanks are due to the various authors and publishers of
copyrighted books from which selections are taken for their courteous
permission to copy.

Specific acknowledgment is due George Bell and Sons, London, for
Martial's _Epigrams_; Smith, Elder, and Company, London, for The Doom
of the Slothful; Houghton, Mifflin Co., for After Construing, A Roman
Mirror, Enceladus, and the poems of John G. Saxe; The Chautauqua Press,
for Capri and the Translations of Horace's _Odes_; Charles Scribner's
Sons, for the Assembly of the Gods, Cerberus, the Harpy, A Plea for the
Classics, and _Malum Opus_; The American Book Company, for Cupid and the
Bee; Lothrop, Lee and Shepard Co., for A Christmas Hymn; _New England
Magazine_, for the Fall of Rome; Little, Brown and Company, for the
translation of _Dies Irae_; The Outlook Company, for the Prayer of
Socrates; Allyn and Bacon, for the music for _Flevit Lepus Parvulus_.

I must beg forgiveness of any one whose rights I have overlooked and of
a few whom, after repeated efforts, I have been unable to trace.

       *       *       *       *       *


HIGH SCHOOL ENGLISH


GRAMMAR

Allen's Review of English Grammar for Secondary Schools             $.64
  Such a course as is recommended in the college entrance
  requirements.
MacEwan's The Essentials of the English Sentence                     .80
  A review preparatory to teaching or to the study of rhetoric.
Meiklejohn's English Grammar. Revised                                .88
  A thorough course for review and the mastery of principles and
  detail.
Sanford and Brown's English Grammar                                  .72
  Uses the new uniform nomenclature and has rich illustrative
  material.

COMPOSITION

Buhlig's Business English                                           1.16
  Spelling, punctuation, oral English, letter writing, and business
  practice.
Duncan, Beck and Graves's Prose Specimens                           1.16
  Selections illustrating description, narration, exposition, and
  argumentation.
Gerrish and Cunningham's Practical English Composition              1.24
  Modern, progressive, teaching by example as well as by precept.
Williams's Composition and Rhetoric by Practice                     1.00
  Concise and practical, with little theory and much practice.
Woolley's Handbook of Composition                                    .80
  A systematic guide to the writing of correct English.
Woolley's Written English                                           1.12
  The main things to know in order to write English correctly.

RHETORIC

Espenshade's Essentials of Composition and Rhetoric. Revised        1.20
  An inductive course with abundant application of principles.
Kellow's Practical Training in English                               .80
  Helpful in its study of vocabulary, grammar, and structure.
Spalding's Principles of Rhetoric                                   1.08
  A supremely interesting presentation of the essentials.
Strang's Exercises in English. Revised                               .56
  Examples in syntax, accidence and style, for criticism and
  correction.

LITERATURE

Heath's English Classics. Prices range from                   .50 to .25
  About 100 volumes covering literature for high school reading.
  Send for list.
Hooker's Study Book in English Literature                           1.00
  A handbook to accompany the appreciative study of the greater
  writers.
Howes's Primer of American Literature                                .52
  A brief, satisfactory account of the facts of American literary
  history.
Howes's Primer of English Literature                                 .52
  The essentials concerning great writers and important periods.
Meiklejohn's History of the English Language and Literature.         .60

SPELLING

Sandwick and Bacon's High School Word Book                           .44
  Graded lists of 5000 words needed by high school pupils.
Sandwick and Bacon's High School Word Book. Briefer Course           .28

    D. C. Heath & Co., Boston, New York, Chicago


LATIN

Paxson's Handbook for Latin Clubs. 158 pages                        $.60

LATIN GRAMMAR

Gildersleeve-Lodge Latin Grammar. School edition. 340 pages         1.00
Gildersleeve-Lodge Latin Grammar. Complete. 560 pages               1.40
Jenks's Latin Word Formation. 86 pages                               .56

BEGINNERS' BOOKS

Bain's First Latin Book. Revised. 420 pages                         1.00
Barss's Beginning Latin. 331 pages                                  1.12
D'Ooge's Colloquia Latina. 81 pages                                  .28
Moulton's Introductory Latin. Revised. 278 pages                    1.00
Smith's Elements of Latin. 361 pages                                1.00

CAESAR

Dotey's Exercise Books on Caesar's Gallic war. Four books. Each      .28
Perrin's Caesar's Civil War, with vocabulary. 340 pages             1.00
Towle & Jenks's Caesar's Gallic War. Books I and II. 378 pages      1.00
Towle & Jenks's Caesar's Gallic War. Books I and II,
  with Selections for Sight Reading. 518 pages                      1.28
Towle & Jenks's Caesar's Gallic War. Books I, II, III, and IV       1.20
Towle & Jenks's Caesar's Gallic War. Complete. 604 pages            1.40
Towle & Jenks's Caesar for Sight Reading. 144 pages                  .60

CICERO

Tunstall's Six Orations of Cicero.                                  1.20
Tunstall's Cicero's Orations. Eleven orations. 616 pages            1.40

LATIN COMPOSITION

Barss's Writing Latin, Book I. Based on Caesar. 144 pages            .56
Barss's Writing Latin, Book II. Based on Caesar and Cicero           .80
Daniels's Latin Drill and Composition. 125 pages                     .48

OVID

Anderson's Selections from Ovid, with Vocabulary. 264 pages         1.12

FOR COLLEGE CLASSES

Carter's Roman Elegiac Poets. 330 pages                             1.32
Bowen's Cicero's De Amicitia. 151 pages                              .80
Bowen's Cicero's De Senectute. 164 pages                             .80
Gildersleeve-Lodge Latin Grammar. Complete. 560 pages               1.40
Gildersleeve-Lodge Latin Composition. 201 pages                      .80
Lease's Livy, Books I, XXI and XXII. 510 pages                      1.36
Moore's Prose Exercises. Revised. 80 pages                           .60
Penick's Sallust's Catiline. With vocabulary. 191 pages             1.00
Poteat's Select Letters of Cicero. 215 pages                        1.00
Rockwood's Cicero's De Officiis. 183 pages                          1.00
Sihler's Cicero's Second Philippic. 157 pages                       1.00
Wilson's Juvenal. 372 pages                                         1.36

    D. C. Heath & Co., Boston, New York, Chicago

       *       *       *       *       *

[ Music ]

[ Errata:
Table of Contents:
  Ultima Thule
    _text reads_ Ultime
Programs:
  _The Classic Myths in English Literature_.
    _text reads_ Engish
Selections:
  Are really not at all surprising;
    _text reads_ suprising
Songs:
  _AD SANCTUM SPIRITUS_
    _word-form unchanged (also in TOC)_
  _ADESTE, FIDELES_
    _text reads_ ADESTES (also in TOC)]