Enquire Within
Upon Everything

the great Victorian-era domestic standby

with hyperlinked index

1894

Table of Contents

• Companion Works to Enquire Within
• By the Same Editor
• Editor's Preface
• Publisher's Preface

• Adulterations of Food, Tests for
• Beverages, Preparation of, and Receipts for
• Bird-Keeping, Bee-Keeping, and Poultry-Keeping
• Carving, Arrangements of the Dinner-Table, etc.
• Children, Rearing and Management of
• Choice of Food, Marketing, etc.
• Confectionery: Cakes, Jellies, Sweetmeats
• Commercial and Monetary Hints, Maxims
• Correct Speaking, Hints on Writing
• Decoration, Painting, Staining, Gilding etc.
• Destruction of Vermin, Noxious Animals
• Dress, Choice, Arrangement, and Care of
• Dyeing, Scouring, Cleaning, Laundry Operations
• Emergencies and Accidents, Drowning, Fire, etc.
• Etiquette, Forms and Ceremonies of
• Food of Various Kinds, When in Season
• Fancy Needlework
• Fuel, Lighting, etc., Economy and Management of
• Furniture, Selection and Arrangement of
• Gardening Operations Throughout the Year
• Household Carpentry, Mending, Repairing
• Indoor Games and Amusements
• Ladies' Employments: Leather-Work, Diaphanie etc.
• Legal Information and Advice
• Medical and Surgical Advice
• Minor Complaints, Cough, Cramp etc.
• Miscellaneous Preparations: Ink, Gum, Cement, etc.
• Outdoor Sports and Pastimes, Lawn Tennis
• Poisoning, Treatment in Cases of
• Preparation of Food, Cooking Operations
• Preserving and Pickling, Hints on
• Modelling, Preparing Botanical Specimens, etc.
• Rules of Conduct: Counsels, Hints, Advice
• Sanitary Precautions and Regulations
• Sauces, Relishes, Zests, How to Prepare
• Tables of Percentages, Interest, Marketing, Wages
• Toilet Requisites, Receipts for, etc.

• Index

Companion Works to Enquire Within

By the Same Editor

Editor's Preface

If there be any among my Readers who, having turned over the pages of "Enquire Within," have hastily pronounced them to be confused and ill-arranged, let them at once refer to The Index, at page 389, and for ever hold their peace.

The Index is, to the vast congregation of useful hints and receipts that fill the pages of this volume, what the Directory is to the great aggregation of houses and people in London.

No one, being a stranger to London, would run about asking for "Mr. Smith." But, remembering the Christian name and the profession of the individual wanted, he would turn to the Directory, and trace him out.

Like a house, every paragraph in "Enquire Within" has its number,—and the Index is the Directory which will explain what Facts, Hints, and Instructions inhabit that number.

For, if it be not a misnomer, we are prompted to say that "Enquire Within" is peopled with hundreds of ladies and gentlemen, who have approved of the plan of the work, and contributed something to its store of useful information. There they are, waiting to be questioned, and ready to reply. Within each page some one lives to answer for the correctness of the information imparted, just as certainly as where, in the window of a dwelling, you see a paper directing you to "Enquire Within," some one is there to answer you.

Housekeepers of experience live at Nos. 1, 30, 438, 1251 and 2091; old Dr. Kitchiner lives at 44; Captain Crawley is to be found at 46 and 2568; the well-known Mrs. Warren lives at 1809; Miss Acton at 1310; Dr. Franklin at 1398; Mrs. Hitching at 215; Mr. Banting at 1768; Dr. Wilson Philip at 1762; Mr. Withering at 2338; Mr. Mechi at 997; Dr. Stenhouse at 1776; Dr. Erasmus Wilson at 1700; Dr. Southwood Smith at 1743; Dr. Blair at 2180; M. Soyer at 1130; Dr. Babington at 2407; Miss Gifford at 2337; and Dr. Clark at 2384. In addition to these and many more, a Doctor lives at 475; a Gardener at 249; a Schoolmaster at 161; a Butcher at 27; a Dancing-Master at 139; an Artist at 2548; a Naturalist at 2330; a Dyer at 2682; a Modeller at 2346; a Professed Cook at 1032; a Philanthropist at 1368; a Lawyer at 1440; a Surgeon at 796; a Chess Player at 71; a Whist Player, almost next door, at 73; a Chemist at 650; a Brewer at 2267; a Lawn Tennis Player at 2765; a homœopathic Practitioner at 925; a Wood-stainer at 1413; two Confectioners at 1628 and 2024; a Poultry-Keeper at 1642; a Meteorologist at 962; Philosophers at 973 and 1783; a Practical Economist at 985; a Baker at 1002; a Master of the Ceremonies at 1924 and 2613; a Bird Fancier at 2155: a Washerwoman at 2729; an Analytical Chemist at 2747; an Accountant at 2769; and so on.

Well! there they live—always at home. Knock at their doors—Enquire Within. No Fees to Pay!!

Much care has been taken in selecting the information that is given, and, as is amply shown by the above list, so many kind and competent friends have lent a hand in the production of this volume that is impossible to turn to any page without at once being reminded of the Generous Friend who abides there.

To some extent, though in a far less degree, assistance has been rendered by the authors of many useful and popular works, for which due acknowledgment must be made. Chief among these works are Dr. Kitchiner's "Cooks' Oracle"; "The Cook," in Houlston and Sons' Industrial Library; "The Shopkeeper's Guide;" "The Wife's Own Cookery," "The Practical Housewife," and many of the volumes of the "Reason Why" series.

Lastly, as in everyday life it is found necessary at times to make a thorough inspection of house and home, and to carry out requisite repairs, alterations, and additions, this has been done in the recent editions of "Enquire Within," to which some hundreds of paragraphs have been added, while others have been remodelled and revised in accordance with the progress of the times in which we live. Care, however, has been taken to alter nothing that needed no alteration, so that, practically, this Popular Favourite is still the old "Enquire Within;" improved, it is true, but in no way so changed as to place it beyond the recognition of those to whom it has been a Book Of Constant Reference since its first appearance.

Publisher's Preface

The Miser Fasts with Greedy Mind to Spare.

Barbel, brill, carp, cod, crabs, cray-fish, dabs, dace, eels, flounders, haddocks, herrings, lampreys, ling, lobsters, mussels, oysters, perch, pike, plaice, prawns, salmon-trout, shrimps, skate, smelts, soles, sprats, sturgeon, tench, thornback, turbot, whiting.

Beef, house-lamb, mutton, pork, veal, and doe venison.

Capons, chickens, ducks, wild-ducks, fowls, geese, grouse, hares, larks, moor-game, partridges, pheasants, pigeons (tame), pullets, rabbits, snipes, turkeys (hen), widgeons, woodcocks.

Beet, broccoli (white and purple), Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cardoons, carrots, celery, chervil, colewort, cresses, endive, garlic, herbs (dry), Jerusalem artichokes, kale (Scotch), leeks, lettuces, mint (dry), mustard, onions, parsley, parsnips, potatoes, rape, rosemary, sage, salsify, Savoy cabbages, scorzonera, shalots, skirrets, sorrel, spinach (winter), tarragon, thyme, turnips.

Asparagus, cucumbers, mushrooms, sea-kale.

Almonds. Apples: Golden pippin, golden russet, Kentish pippin, nonpareil, winter pearmain. Pears: Bergamot d'Hollande, Bon Chrétien, Chaumontel, Colmar, winter beurré. Grapes: English and foreign. Chestnuts, medlars, oranges, walnuts, filbert nuts.

The Hypocrite Will Fast Seem More Holy.

Barbel, brill, carp, cockles, cod, crabs, cray-fish, dabs, dace, eels, flounders, haddocks, herrings, lampreys, ling, lobsters, mussels, oysters, perch, pike, plaice, prawns, salmon, shrimps, skate, smelts, soles, sturgeon, tench, thornback, turbot, whiting.

Beef, house-lamb, mutton, pork, veal.

Capons, chickens, ducklings, geese, hares, partridges, pheasants, pigeons (tame and wild), rabbits (tame), snipes, turkeys, turkey poults, wild-ducks, woodcocks.

Beet, broccoli (white and purple), Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cardoons, carrots, celery, chervil, colewort, cresses, endive, garlic, herbs (dry), Jerusalem artichokes, leeks, lettuces, mint (dry), mushrooms, onions, parsnips, parsley, potatoes, radish, rape, rosemary, sage, salsify, Savoys, scorzonera, shalots, skirrets, sorrel, spinach, sprouts, tarragon, thyme, turnips, winter savoury.

Asparagus, cucumbers, mushrooms, sea-kale, &c

Apples: Golden pippin, golden russet, Holland pippin, Kentish pippin, nonpareil, Wheeler's russet, winter pearmain. Chestnuts, oranges. Pears: Bergamot, winter Bon Chrétien, winter Russelet.

Brill, carp, cockles, cod, conger-eels, crabs, dabs, dory, eels, flounders, ling, lobsters, mackerel, mullets, mussels, oysters, perch, pike, plaice, prawns, salmon, salmon-trout, shrimps, skate, smelts, soles, sturgeon, turbot, tench, and whiting.

Beef, house-lamb, mutton, pork, veal.

Capons, chickens, ducklings, fowls, geese, grouse, leverets, pigeons, rabbits, snipes, turkeys, woodcocks.

Artichokes (Jerusalem), beet, broccoli (white and purple), Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cardoons, carrots, celery, chervil, colewort, cresses, endive, garlic, herbs (dry), kale (sea and Scotch), lettuces, mint, mushrooms, mustard, onions, parsley, parsnips, potatoes, rape, rosemary, sage, Savoys, shalots, sorrel, spinach, tarragon, thyme, turnips, turnip-tops.

Asparagus, French beans, cucumbers, and rhubarb.

Apples: Golden russet, Holland pippin, Kentish pippin, nonpareil, Norfolk beefing, Wheeler's russet. Chestnuts, oranges. Pears: Bergamot, Chaumontel, winter Bon Chrétien. Forced: Strawberries.

Brill, carp, chub, cockles, cod, conger-eels, crabs, dabs, dory, eels, floandeis, halibut, herrings, ling, lobsters, mackerel, mullets, mussels, oysters, perch, pike, prawns, plaice, salmon, shrimps, skate, smelts, soles, sturgeon, tench, trout, turbot, whiting.

Beef, grass-lamb, house-lamb, mutton, pork, veal.

Chickens, ducklings, fowls, geese, leverets, pigeons, pullets, rabbits, turkey poults, wood-pigeons.

Asparagus, broccoli, chervil, colewort, cucumbers, endive, fennel, herbs of all sorts, lettuce, onions, parsley, parsnips, peas, radishes, sea-kale, sorrel, spinach, small salad, tarragon, turnip-radishes, turnip-tops, and rhubarb.

Apples: Golden russet, nonpareil, Wheeler's russet. Nuts, oranges. Pears: Bergamot, Bon Chrétien, Carmelite. Forced: Apricots, cherries, strawberries.

Brill, carp, chub, cod, conger-eels, crab, cray-fish, dabs, dace, dory, eels, flounders, gurnets, haddock, halibut, herring, ling, lobsters, mackerel, mullet, perch, pike, plaice, prawns, salmon, shrimps, skate, smelts, soles, sturgeon, tench, trout, turbot, whiting.

Beef, grass-lamb, house-lamb, mutton, pork, veal.

Chickens, ducklings, fowls, geese, leverets, pigeons, pullets, rabbits; wood-pigeons.

Angelica, artichokes, asparagus, balm, kidney-beans, cabbage, carrots, cauliflowers, chervil, cucumbers, fennel, herbs of all sorts, lettuce, mint, onions, parsley, peas, new potatoes, radishes, rhubarb, salad of all sorts, sea-kale, sorrel, spinach, turnips.

Apples: Golden russet, winter russet. May-duke cherries; currants; gooseberries; melons. Pears: L'amozette, winter-green. Forced: Apricots, peaches, strawberries.

Carp, cod, conger-eels, crabs, cray-fish, dabs, dace, dory, eels, flounders, gurnets, haddocks, herrings, ling, lobsters, mackerel, mullet, perch, pike, plaice, prawns, salmon, salmon-trout, skate, smelts, soles, sturgeon, tench, trout, turbot, whitebait, whiting.

Beef, grass-lamb, house-lamb, mutton, pork, veal, buck venison.

Chickens, ducklings, fowls, geese, leverets, pigeons, plovers, pullets, rabbits, turkey poults, wheat-ears, wood-pigeons.

Angelica, artichokes, asparagus, beans (French, kidney, and Windsor), white beet, cabbage, carrots, cauliflowers, chervil, cucumbers, endive, herbs of all sorts, leeks, lettuce, onions, peas, potatoes, radishes, salad of all sorts, spinach, turnips, vegetable marrow.

Burnet, mint, tarragon, lemon thyme.

Apples: Quarrenden, stone pippin, golden russet. Apricots. Cherries: May-duke, bigaroon, white-heart. Currants; gooseberries; melons. Pears: Winter-green. Strawberries. Forced: Grapes, nectarines, peaches, pines.

Barbel, brill, carp, cod, conger-eels, crabs, cray-fish, dabs, dace, dory, eels, flounders, gurnets, haddocks, herrings, ling, lobsters, mackerel, mullet, perch, pike, plaice, prawns, salmon, skate, soles, tench, thornback, trout.

Beef, grass-lamb, mutton, veal, buck venison.

Chickens, ducks, fowls, green geese, leverets, pigeons, plovers, rabbits, turkey poults, wheat-ears, wild pigeons, wild rabbits.

Artichokes, asparagus, balm, beans (French, kidney, scarlet, and Windsor), carrots, cauliflowers, celery, chervil, cucumbers, endive, herbs of all sorts, lettuces, mushrooms, peas, potatoes, radishes, salads of all sorts, salsify, scorzonera, sorrel, spinach, turnips.

Knotted marjoram, mushrooms, winter savoury.

French beans, red cabbage, cauliflowers, garlic, gherkins, nasturtiums, onions.

Apples: Codlin, jennetting, Margaret, summer pearmain, summer pippin, quarrenden. Apricots, cherries (black-heart), currants, plums, greengages, gooseberries, melons, nectarines, peaches. Pears: Catherine, green-chisel, jargonelle. Pineapples, raspberries, strawberries.

Barbel, brill, carp, cod, conger-eels, crabs, cray-fish, dabs, dace, eels, flounders, gurnets, haddocks, herrings, lobsters, mackerel, mullet, oysters, perch, pike, plaice, prawns, salmon, skate, tench, thornback, turbot, whiting.

Beef, grass-lamb, mutton, veal, buck venison.

Chickens, ducks, fowls, green geese, grouse (from 12th), leverets, pigeons, plovers, rabbits, turkeys, turkey poults, wheat-ears, wild ducks, wild pigeons, wild rabbits.

Artichokes, beans (French, kidney, scarlet and Windsor), white beet, carrots, cauliflowers, celery, cucumbers, endive, pot-herbs of all sorts, leeks, lettuces, mushrooms, onions, peas, potatoes, radishes, salad of all sorts, salsify, scorzonera, shalots, spinach, turnips.

Basil, sage, thyme.

Red cabbage, capsicums, chilies, tomatoes, walnuts.

Apples: Codlin, summer pearmain, summer pippin. Cherries, currants, figs, filberts, gooseberries, grapes, melons, mulberries, nectarines, peaches. Pears: Jargonelle, summer, Bon Chrétien, Windsor. Plums, greengages, raspberries, Alpine strawberries.

Without Economy None can be Rich.

Barbel, brill, carp, cockles, cod, conger-eels, crab, dace, eels, flounders, gurnets, haddocks, hake, herrings, lobsters, mullet, mussels, oysters, perch, pike, plaice, prawns, shrimps, soles, tench, thornback, turbot, whiting.

Beef, mutton, pork, veal, buck venison.

Chickens, ducks, fowls, green geese, grouse, hares, larks, leverets, partridges, pigeons, plovers, rabbits, teal, turkeys, turkey poults, wheat-ears, wild ducks, wild pigeons, wild rabbits.

Artichokes, Jerusalem artichokes, beans (French and scarlet), cabbages, carrots, cauliflowers, celery, cucumbers, endive, herbs of all sorts, leeks, lettuces, mushrooms, onions, parsnips, peas, potatoes, radishes, salad of all sorts, shalots, turnips.

Apples: Golden nob, pearmain, golden rennet. Cherries (Morella), damsons, figs, filberts. Grapes: Muscadine, Frontignac, red and black Hamburgh, Malmsey. Hazel nuts, walnuts, medlars, peaches. Pears: Bergamot, brown beurré. Pineapples, plums, quinces, strawberries, walnuts.

Barbel, brill, turbot, carp, cockles, cod, conger-eels, crabs, dace, dory, eels, gudgeon, haddocks, hake, halibut, herrings, lobsters, mussels, oysters, perch, pike, prawns, salmon-trout, shrimps, smelts, soles, tench, thornback, whiting.

Beef, mutton, pork, veal, doe venison.

Chickens, dotterel, ducks, fowls, green geese, grouse, hares, larks, moor-game, partridges, pheasants, pigeons, rabbits, snipes, teal, turkey, wheat-ears, widgeon, wild ducks, wild pigeons, wild rabbits, woodcocks.

Artichokes, Jerusalem artichokes, broccoli, cabbages, cauliflowers, celery, coleworts, endive, herbs of all sorts, leeks, onions, parsnips, peas, potatoes, radishes, salad, Savoys, scorzonera, skirrets, shalots, spinach (winter), tomatoes, truffles, turnips.

Apples: Pearmain, golden pippin, golden rennet, royal russet. Black and white bullace, damsons, late figs, almonds, filberts, hazel nuts, walnuts, filberts. Grapes, medlars. Peaches: Old Newington, October. Pears: Bergamot, beurré, Chaumontel, Bon Chrétien, swan's-egg. Quinces, services, walnuts.

Barbel, brill, turbot, carp, cockles, cod, crabs, dace, dory, eels, gudgeons, gurnets, haddocks, hake, halibut, herrings, ling, lobsters, mussels, oysters, perch, pike, plaice, prawns, salmon, shrimps, skate, smelts, soles, sprats, tench, thornback, turbot, whiting.

Beef, house-lamb, mutton, pork, veal, doe venison.

Chickens, dotterel, ducks, fowls, geese, grouse, hares, larks, partridges, pheasants, pigeons, rabbits, snipes, teal, turkey, wheat-ears, widgeon, wild ducks, wood-cocks.

Jerusalem artichokes, beet root, borecole, broccoli, cabbages, cardoons, carrots, celery, chervil, coleworts, endive, herbs of all sorts, leeks, lettuces, onions, parsnips, potatoes, salad, Savoys, scorzonera, skirrets, shalots, spinach, tomatoes, turnips.

Almonds. Apples: Holland pippin, golden pippin, Kentish pippin, nonpareil, winter pearmain, Wheeler's russets. Bullace, chestnuts, hazel nuts, walnuts, filberts, grapes, medlars. Pears: Bergamot, Chaumontel, Bon Chrétien.

With Economy, Few Need be Poor.

Barbel, brill, turbot, carp, cockles, cod, crabs, dab, dory, eels, gudgeon, gurnets, haddocks, bake, halibut, herrings, ling, lobsters, mackerel, mussels, oysters, perch, pike, plaice, ruffe, salmon, shrimps, skate, smelts, soles, sprats, sturgeon, tench, whitings.

Beef, house-lamb, mutton, pork, veal, doe venison.

Capons, chickens, ducks, fowls, geese, grouse, guinea-fowl, hares, larks, partridges, pea-fowl, pheasants, pigeons, rabbits, snipes, teal, turkeys, wheat-ears, widgeon, wild ducks, woodcocks.

Jerusalem artichokes, beet root, borecole, white and purple broccoli, cabbages, cardoons, carrots, celery, endive, herbs of all sorts, leeks, lettuces, onions, parsnips, potatoes, salad, Savoys, scorzonera, skirrets, shalots, spinach, truffles, turnips, forced asparagus.

Almonds. Apples: Golden pippin, nonpareil, winter pearmain, golden russet. Chestnuts, hazel nuts, walnuts, filberts, Almeria grapes, medlars, oranges. Pears: Bergamot, beurré d'hiver.

Do Good to your Enemy, that he may become Your Friend.

Will you do me the favour of meeting here, as a guest, on —— next, at seven precisely, a few friends who have kindly joined in an attempt to commence occasional pleasant and social parties, of which the spirit and intent will be better understood by the perusal of the few annexed remarks and rules from

Yours sincerely, ——

---

"They manage it better in France," is a remark to be often applied with reference to social life in England, and the writer fancies that the prevalence here of a few bad customs, easily changed, causes the disadvantageous difference between ourselves and our more courteous and agreeable neighbours.

1. Worldly appearance; the phantom leading many to suppose that wealth is the standard of worth—in the minds of friends, a notion equally degrading to both parties.

2. Overdress; causing unnecessary expense and waste of time.

3. Expensive entertainments, as regards refreshments.

4. Late hours.

The following brief rules are suggested, in a hope to show the way to a more constant, easy, and friendly intercourse amongst friends, the writer feeling convinced that society is equally beneficial and requisite—in fact, that mankind in seclusion, like the sword in the scabbard, often loses polish, and gradually rusts.

1. That meetings be held in rotation at each member's house, for the enjoyment of conversation; music, grave and gay; dancing, gay only; and card-playing at limited stakes.

2. That such meetings commence at seven and end about or after twelve, and that members and guests be requested to remember that punctuality has been called the politeness of kings.

3. That as gentlemen are allowed for the whole season to appear, like the raven, in one suit, ladies are to have the like privilege; and that no lady be allowed to quiz or notice the habits of another lady; and that demi-toilette in dress be considered the better taste in the family circle; not that the writer wishes to raise or lower the proper standard of ladies' dress, which ought to be neither too high nor too low, but at a happy medium.

4. That any lady infringing the last rule be liable to reproof by the oldest lady present at the meeting, if the oldest lady, like the oldest inhabitant, can be discovered.

5. That every member or guest, be requested to bring with them their own vocal, instrumental, or dance music, and take it away with them, if possible, to avoid loss and confusion.

6. That no member or guest, able to sing, play, or dance, refuse, unless excused by medical certificate; and that no cold or sore throat be allowed to last more than a week.

7. That as every member or guest known to be able to sing, play, or dance, is bound to do so if requested, the performer (especially if timid) is to be kindly criticized and encouraged; it being a fact well known, that the greatest masters of an art are always the most lenient critics, from their deep knowledge of the feeling, intelligence, and perseverance required to at all approach perfection.

8. That gentlemen present do pay every attention to ladies, especially visitors; but such attention is to be general, and not particular—for instance, no gentleman is to dance more than three times with one lady during the evening, except in the case of lovers, privileged to do odd things during their temporary lunacy, and also married couples, who are expected to dance together at least once during the evening, and oftener if they please.

9. That to avoid unnecessary expense, the refreshments be limited to cold meat, sandwiches, bread, cheese, butter, vegetables, fruits, tea, coffee, negus, punch, malt liquors, &c, &c

10. That all personal or face-to-face laudatory speeches (commonly called toasts, or, as may be, roasts) be for the future forbidden, without permission or inquiry, for reasons following:—That as the family circle includes bachelors and spinsters, and he, she, or they may be secretly engaged, it will be therefore cruel to excite hopes that may be disappointed; and that as some well-informed Benedick of long experience may after supper advise the bachelor to find the way to woman's heart—vice versa, some deep-feeling wife or widow, by "pity moven," may, perhaps, after supper advise the spinster the other way, which, in public, is an impropriety manifestly to be avoided.

11. (suggested by a lady). That any lady, after supper, may (if she please) ask any gentleman apparently diffident, or requiring encouragement, to dance with her, and that no gentleman can of course refuse so kind a request.

12. That no gentleman be expected to escort any lady home on foot beyond a distance of three miles, unless the gentleman be positive and the lady agreeable.

Rule the Last:  That as the foregoing remarks and rules are intended, in perfect good faith and spirit, to be considered general and not personal, no umbrage is to be taken, and the reader is to bear in mind the common and homely saying,—

"Always at trifles scorn to take offence,
It shows great pride and very little sense."

P.S.—To save trouble to both parties, this invitation be deemed accepted, without the necessity to reply, unless refused within twenty-four hours.

As a Man Lives, so shall he Die.

A Party to charm the young and erratic—
But likely to frighten the old and rheumatic.

1. The carriage in which the fair visitants came:
2. A very old tribe with a very old name;
3. A brave Prince of Wales free from scandal or shame.

The answer is Picnic.

1.	P	Phaeton	N
2.	I	Iceni	I
3.	C	Caradoc	C

A Briton supports his wig, his grand-mother, his comfort, and his country-women.

The answer is, Beef—Beer:

Bob, Eve, Ease, Fair.

The breath of the morning is sweet;
The earth is bespangled with flowers,
And buds in a countless array
Have ope'd at the touch of the showers.
The birds, whose glad voices are ever
A music delightful to hear,
Seem to welcome the joy of the morning,
As the hour of the bridal draws near.
What is that which now steals on my first,
Like a sound from the dreamland of love,
And seems wand'ring the valleys among,
That they may the nuptials approve?
'Tis a sound which my second explains,
And it comes from a sacred abode,
And it merrily trills as the villagers throng
To greet the fair bride on her road.
How meek is her dress, how befitting a bride
So beautiful, spotless, and pure!
When she weareth my second, oh, long may it be
Ere her heart shall a sorrow endure.
See the glittering gem that shines forth from her hair—
'Tis my whole, which a good father gave;
Twas worn by her mother with honour before—
But she sleeps in peace in her grave.
Twas her earnest request, as she bade them adieu,
That when her dear daughter the altar drew near,
She should wear the same gem that her mother had worn
When she as a bride full of promise stood there.

A Fool's Bolt Is Soon Shot.

A Liar Should Have a Good Memory.

My Day Closed Is In Immortality.

A poet who in blindness wrote; another lived in Charles's reign; a third called the father of English verse; a Spanish dramatist; the scolding wife of Socrates; and the Prince of Latin poets,—their initials give the year of the Great Plague—MDCLXV.—1665: Milton, Dryden, Chaucer, Lope-de-Vega, Xantippe, Virgil.

Begin Well and End Better.

Where did Charles the First's executioner dine, and what did he
take?
He took a chop at the King's Head.

When is a plant to be dreaded more than a mad dog?
When it's madder.

What is majesty stripped of its externals?
It is a jest.
[The m and the y, externals, are taken away.]

Why is hot bread like a caterpillar?
Because it's the grub that makes the butter fly.

Why did the accession of Victoria throw a greater damp over England than the death of King William?
Because the King was missed (mist) while the Queen was
reigning (raining).

Why should a gouty man make his will?
To have his legatees (leg at ease).

Why are bankrupts more to be pitied than idiots?
Because bankrupts are broken, while idiots are only cracked.

Why is the treadmill like a true convert?
Because it's turning is the result of conviction.

When may a nobleman's property be said to be all feathers?
When his estates are all entails (hen-tails).

Every Man Knows Where His Own Shoe Pinches.

Ohs ya h sych, oayarsa rr loucys syms
Osrh srore rrhmu h smsmsmah emshyr snms.

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
h u s h m o n e y b y c h a r l e s h r o s s e s q

"Far in a wild, unknown to public view,
From youth to age a reverend hermit grew."

Charge, Chester, Charge: on, Stanley, on!
Were the last words of Marmion.
Had I but been in Stanley's place,
When Marmion urged him to the chase,
A tear might come on every face."

Mock Not a Cobbler for His Black Thumb.

"Though you set me on foot,
I shall be on my head."

"'Twas whispered in heaven, 'twas muttered in hell,
And echo caught faintly the sound as it fell;"

Thprffthpddngsthtng,
The proof of the pudding is in the eating.

Whnhnorslst ts—rlftd,
Dths bt—sr rtrt fm nfmy.

"When honour's lost 'tis a relief to die,
Death's but a sure retreat from infamy."

"Fear's the white feather all cowards wear."
——s' th wht fthr ll cwrds——

"Cut off my head, how singular I act:
Cut off my tail, and plural I appear.
Cut off my head and tail—most curious fact,
Although my middle's left, there's nothing there!
What is my head cut off?—a sounding sea!
What is my tail cut off?—a flowing river!
Amid their mingling deaths I fearless play
Parent of softest sounds, though mute for ever!

I cover your head; change my head, and I set you to sleep; change it again and again, and with every change comes a new idea.—Cap, Nap, Gap, Sap, Hap, Map, Lap, Pap, Rap, Tap. This kind of riddle is also known as word-capping.

Gunpowder Made By a Monk at Cologne A.D.1330.

"Able was I ere I saw Elba."

Take away half of thirteen and let eight remain.

Write XIII on a slate, or on a piece of paper—rub out the lower half of the figures, and VIII will remain.

Malice, eight, a polemical meeting, a Scottish river, what I write with, a decided negative, the capital of Ireland. The initials downward name a celebrated musician.

A direction, a singer, a little bird, a lady's ring, a sharp shaver.

Read from left to right and right to left, the centrals show two famous novelists.

The head of a mouse, what the mouse lives in, the county of calves, the city of porcelain, a German town, a Transatlantic stream, a royal county, a Yorkshire borough, Eve's temptation, our poor relation, myself. Centrals down and across, show a wide, wide, long river.

The father of the Grecian Jove;
A little boy who's blind;
The foremost land in all the world;
The mother of mankind;
A poet whose love-sonnets are
Still very much admired;—
The initial letters will declare
A blessing to the tired.

Glass First Brought to England A.D. 668.

1. Inside, a thought, a liquid gem, a timid creature.
2. To run out, odour, to boil, to loosen, unseen essence.
3. Compensations, a court favourite, to assist, to bite slightly, Spanish money, sarcasms.

1. The board is to be so placed as to leave a white square at the right hand of the player.

2. Any mistake in placing the board or the men may be rectified before the fourth move is completed, but not after.

3. The players draw lots for the first move, and take the move alternately.

[When odds are given, the player giving them moves first. White generally moves first; therefore, if black win the move, the board is turned. It is usual to play with the white and black men alternately.]

4. The piece touched must be moved. When the fingers of the player have once left the man, it cannot be again removed from the square it occupies.

[Except the move be illegal, when the opponent can insist on the piece being moved in the proper manner, or for the opposing King to be moved.]

5. In touching a piece simply to adjust it, the player must notify to his adversary that such is his intention.

[It is usual, in such a case, to say J'adoube (I adjust); but he may not touch a piece with the intention of moving it, and then, when he discover his mistake, say, J'adoube. The phrase is simply intended to be used when a piece is displaced or overturned by accident.]

6. If a player take one of his own men by mistake, or touch a wrong man, or one of his opponent's men, or make an illegal move, his adversary may compel him to take the man, make the right move, move his King, or replace the piece, and make a legal move.

7. A pawn may be played either one or two squares at a time when first moved.

[In the latter case it is liable to be taken en passant, with a pawn that could have taken it had it been played only one square.]

8. A player cannot castle under any of the following circumstances:
9. 1. If he has moved either King or Rook.
   2. If the King be in check.
   3. If there be any piece between the King and the Rook.
   4. If the King, in moving, pass over any square commanded by any one of his adversary's forces.

[You cannot castle to get out of check.]

9. If a player give a check without crying "check," the adversary need not take notice of the check. But if two moves only are made before the discovery of the mistake, the pieces may be replaced, and the game properly played.

10. If a player say check without actually attacking the King, and his adversary move his King or take the piece, the latter may elect either to let the move stand or have the pieces replaced and another move made.

11. If, at the end of a game, the players remain, one with a superior to an inferior force, or even if they have equal forces, the defending player may call upon his adversary to mate in fifty moves on each side, or draw the game.

[If one player persist in giving perpetual check, or repeating the same move, his opponent may count the moves for the draw; in which case touching a piece if reckoned a move.]

12. Stalemate, or perpetual check is a drawn game.

13. Directly a pawn reaches its eighth square it must be exchanged for a piece.

[It is usual to change the pawn for a Queen, but it may be replaced by a Rook, Bishop, or Knight, without reference to the pieces already on the board. In practice it would be changed for a Queen or a Knight, seeing that the Queen's moves include those of the Rook and Bishop. Thus you may have two or more Queens, three or more Rooks, Bishops, or Knights on the board at the end of the game.]

14. Should any dispute arise, the question must be submitted to a bystander, whose decision is to be considered final.

1. The board is to be so placed as to have the white or black double corners at the right hand of the player.

2. The first move is taken by chance or agreement, and in all the subsequent games of the same sitting, the first move is taken alternately. Black generally moves first.

3. Any action which prevents your adversary from having a full view of the board is not allowed, and if persisted in, loses the game to the offending player.

4. The man touched must be moved, but the men may be properly adjusted during any part of the game. After they are so placed, if either player, when it is his turn to play, touch a man, he must move it. If a man be so moved as to be visible on the angle separating the squares, the player so touching the man must move it to the square indicated.

[By this it is meant that a player may not move first to one square and then to another. Once moved on to a square, the man must remain there.]

5. It is optional with the player either to allow his opponent to stand the huff, or to compel him to take the offered piece.

["Standing the huff" is when a player refuses to take an offered piece, but either intentionally or accidentally makes another move. His adversary then removes the man that should have taken the piece, and makes his own move—huff and move, as it is called.]

6. Ten minutes is the longest time allowed to consider a move, which if not made within that time, forfeits the game.

7. It is compulsory upon the player to take all the pieces he can legally take by the same series of moves. On making a King, however, the latter remains on his square till a move has been made on the other side.

8. All disputes are to be decided by the majority of the bystanders present, or by an umpire.

9. No player may leave the room without the consent of his adversary, or he forfeits the game.

10. A false move must be remedied as soon as it is discovered, or the maker of such move loses the game.

11. When only a small number of men remain toward the end of the game, the possessor of the lesser number may call on his opponent to win in at least fifty moves, or declare the game drawn. With two Kings to one, the game must be won in at most twenty moves on each side.

12. The player who refuses to abide by the rules loses the game. In the losing game a player must take all the men he can by his move.

1. Shuffling—-Each person has a right to shuffle the cards before the deal; but it is usual for the elder hand only; and the dealer after.

2. Cutting.—The pack is then cut by the right hand adversary; and the dealer distributes the cards, one by one, to each of the players, beginning with the player on his left, until he comes to the last card, which he turns up for trump, and leaves on the table till the first trick be played.

3. First Play.—The elder hand, the player on the left of the dealer, plays first. The winner of the trick plays again; and so on, till all the cards are played out.

4. Mistakes.—No intimations, or signs are permitted between the partners. The mistake of one party is the profit of the adversary.

5. Collecting Tricks.—The tricks belonging to each player should be turned and collected by one of the partners only. All above six tricks reckon towards game.

6. Honours.—The ace, king, queen, and knave of trumps are called honours; and when either of the partners hold three separately, or between them, they count two points towards the game; and in case they have four honours, they count four points.

7. Game.—Long Whist game consists of ten points, Short Whist of five points.

1. Finessing, is the attempt to gain an advantage; thus:—If you have the best and third best card of the suit led you put on the third best, and run the risk of your adversary having the second best; if he has it not, which is two to one against him, you are then certain of gaining a trick.

2. Forcing, is playing the suit of which your partner or adversary has not any, and which in order to win he must trump.

3. Long Trump, the one or more trumps in your hand when all the rest are out.

4. Loose Card, a card of no value, and the most proper to throw away.

5. Points,—Ten make the game; as many as are gained by tricks or honours, so many points are set up to the score of the game.

6. Quarte, four successive cards in suit.

7. Quarte Major, a sequence of ace, king, queen, and knave.

8. Quinte, five successive cards in suit.

9. Quinte Major, is a sequence of ace, king, queen, knave, and ten.

10. See-saw, is when each partner trumps a suit, and when they play those suits to each other for that purpose.

11. Score, is the number of points set up. The following is a good method of scoring with coins or counters:

For Short Whist there are regular markers.

12. Slam, is when either side win every trick.

13. Tenance, is possessing the first last and third best cards, and being the player; you consequently catch the adversary when that suit is played: as, for instance, in case you have ace and queen of any suit, and your adversary leads that suit, you must win two tricks, by having the best and third best of the suit played, and being the last player.

14. Tierce, three successive cards in suit.

15. xv. Tierce Major, a sequence of ace, king, and queen.

Children and Chickens Must Always be Picking.

1. Lead from your strong suit, be cautious how you change suits, and keep a commanding card to bring it in again.

2. Lead through the strong suit and up to the weak; but not in trumps; unless very strong in them.

3. Lead the highest of a sequence; but if you have a quarte or cinque to a king, lead the lowest.

4. Lead through an honour, particularly if the game is against you.

5. Lead your best trump, if the adversaries be eight, and you have no honour; but not if you have four trumps, unless you have a sequence.

6. Lead a trump if you have four or five, or a strong hand; but not if weak.

7. Having ace, king, and two or three small cards, lead ace and king if weak in trumps, but a small one if strong in them.

8. If you have the last trump, with some winning cards, and one losing card only, lead the losing card.

9. Return your partner's lead, not the adversaries'; and if you hold only three originally, play the best; but you need not return it immediately, when you win with a king, queen, or knave, and have only small ones, or when you hold a good sequence, a strong suit, or five trumps.

10. Do not lead from ace queen, or ace knave.

11. Do not—as a rule—lead an ace, unless you have a king.

12. Do not lead a thirteenth card, unless trumps be out.

13. Do not trump a thirteenth card, unless you be last player, or want the lead.

14. Keep a small card to return your partner's lead.

15. Be cautious in trumping a card when strong in trumps, particularly if you have a strong suit.

16. Having only a few small trumps, make them when you can.

17. If your partner refuse to trump a suit, of which he knows you have not the best, lead your best trump.

18. When you hold all the remaining trumps, play one, and then try to put the lead in your partner's hand.

19. Remember how many of each suit are out, and what is the best card left in each hand.

20. Never force your partner if you are weak in trumps, unless you have a renounce, or want the odd trick.

21. When playing for the odd trick, be cautious of trumping out, especially if your partner be likely to trump a suit. Make all the tricks you can early, and avoid finessing.

22. If you take a trick, and have a sequence, win it with the lowest.

There are None So Wicked as Represented.

1. The deal is determined by cutting-in. Cutting-in and cutting-out must be by pairs.

[Less than three cards, above or below, is not a cut. Ace is lowest. Ties cut again. Lowest deals. Each player may shuffle, the dealer last. The right-hand adversary cuts to dealer.]

2. iIf a card be exposed, a fresh deal may be demanded.

3. Dealer must not look at bottom card; and the trump-card must be left, face upwards, on the table till the first trick be turned, or opponents may call a fresh deal.

4. Too many or too few cards is a misdeal—an exposed or face card. In either case, a fresh deal may be demanded.

[In cases of a misdeal, the deal passes to the next player.]

5. After the first round has been played, no fresh deal can be called.

[If the first player hold fewer than thirteen cards, the other hands being right, the deal stands.]

6. If two cards be dealt to the same player, the dealer may rectify his error before dealing another card.

[The dealer must not touch the cards after they have left his hands; but he may count those remaining in the pack if he suspect a misdeal, or he may ask the players to count their cards. One partner may not deal for another without the consent of opponents.]

7. If the trump-card be not taken into the dealer's hand at the expiration of the first round, it may be treated as an exposed card, and called.

[After this, no one has a right to ask what was the trump-card, but he may ask "What are Trumps?"]

8. If the third hand play before the second, the fourth has a right to play before his partner; or if the fourth hand play before the second or third, the cards so played must stand, and the second be compelled to win the trick if he can.

9. If a player lead out of his turn, or otherwise expose a card, that card may be called, if the playing of it does not cause a revoke.

[Calling a card is the insisting of its being played when the suit comes round, or when it may be played.]

10. If a player trump by mistake, he may recall his card, and play to the suit, if the card be not covered; but he may be compelled to play the highest or lowest of the suit led, and to play the exposed trump when it is called by his adversaries.

11. If, before a trick be turned, a player discover that he has not followed suit, he may recall his card; but the card played in error can be called when the suit is played.

12. Before a trick is turned, the player who made it may see the preceding trick.

[Only one trick is to be shown; not more, as is sometimes erroneously believed.]

13. Before he plays, a player may require his partner to "draw his card," or he may have each card in the trick claimed before the trick be turned.

14. When a player does not follow suit his partner is allowed to ask him whether he has any card of the suit led.

15. The penalty for a revoke—either by wrongfully trumping the suit led, or by playing a card of another suit—is the loss of three tricks; but no revoke can be claimed till the cards are abandoned, and the trick turned.

[Revokes forfeit three tricks from the hand or score: or opponents may add three to their score; partner may ask and correct a trick if not turned; the revoking side cannot score out in that deal.]

16. No revoke can be claimed after the tricks are gathered up, or after the cards are cut for the next deal.

[The wilful mixing up of the cards in such case loses the game.]

17. The proof of a revoke lies with the claimants, who may examine each trick on the completion of the round.

18. If a revoke occur on both sides, there must be a new deal.

19. Honours cannot be counted unless they are claimed previous to the next deal.

[No omission to score honours can be rectified after the cards are packed; but an overscore, if proved, must be deducted.]

20. Honours can only be called at eight points (in Long Whist), and at nine they do not count.

[In some Clubs, eight, with the deal, cannot call against nine.]

None are so Good as they Should Be.

1. Count, and arrange your cards into suits; but do not always place your trumps in one particular part of your hand, or your opponents will discover how many you have.

2. Attend to the game, and play as though your hand consisted of twenty-six instead of thirteen cards.

3. In the second round of a suit, win the trick when you can, and lead out for your partner's high cards as soon as possible.

4. Touch only the card you intend to play.

5. Retain a high trump as long as you can, to bring back your strong suit.

6. With a weak hand, always try to secure the seventh or odd trick to save the game.

7. Attend to the score, and play as if the whole fortune of the game depended on yourself.

8. Remember the number of trumps out at every stage of the game. Note, also, the fall of every court-card in the other suits, so that you are never in doubt as to the card that will win the trick.

9. Hold the turn-up as long as you can, as by that means you keep your adversaries from knowing your strength in trumps.

10. Do not force your partner unnecessarily, as by that means you sometimes become his adversary instead of his friend.

11. When in doubt, play a trump. Play the game in its integrity, and recollect that Whist is full of inferences as well as facts.

Night is not Dark to the Good.

1. Crib.—The crib is composed of the cards thrown out by each player, and the dealer is entitled to score whatever points are made by them.

2. Pairs are two similar cards, as two aces or two kings. Whether in hand or play they reckon for two points.

3. Pairs-Royal are three similar cards, and reckon for six points, whether in hand or play.

4. Double Pairs-Royal are four similar cards and reckon for twelve points, whether in hand or play. The points gained by pairs, pairs-royal, and double pairs-royal, in playing, are thus effected:—Your adversary having played a seven and you another, constitutes a pair, and entitles you to score two points; your antagonist then playing a third seven, makes a pair-royal, and he marks six; and your playing a fourth is a double pair-royal, and entitles you to twelve points.

5. Fifteens.—Every fifteen reckons for two points, whether in hand or play. In hand they are formed either by two cards—as a five and any tenth card, a six and a nine, a seven and an eight, or by three cards, as a two, a five, and an eight, two sixes and a three. If in play, such cards as together make fifteen are played, the player whose card completes that number, scores two points.

6. Sequences are three or four more successive cards, and reckon for an equal number of points, either in hand or play. In playing a sequence, it is of no consequence which card is thrown down first; as thus:—your adversary playing an ace, you a five, he a three, you a two, then he a four—he counts five for the sequence.

7. Flush.—When, the cards are all of one suit, they reckon for as many points as there are cards. For a flush in the crib, the turned-up card must be of the same suit as those put out.

8. Nob.—The knave of the suit turned up reckons for one point; if a knave be turned up, the dealer marks two.

9. End Hole.—The point scored by the last player, if he make under thirty-one; if he make thirty-one exactly, he marks two.

10. Last.—Three points taken at the commencement of the game of five-card cribbage by the non-dealer.

Nor is Day Bright to the Wicked.

1. The players cut for deal. The ace is lowest in cutting. In case of a tie, they cut again. The holder of the lowest card deals.

2. Not fewer than four cards is a cut; nor must the non-dealer touch the pack after he has cut it.

3. Too many or too few cards dealt constitutes a misdeal, the penalty for which is the taking of two points by the non-dealer.

4. A faced card, or a card exposed during the act of dealing necessitates a new deal, without penalty.

5. The dealer shuffles the cards and the non-dealer cuts them for the "start."

6. If the non-dealer touch the cards (except to cut them for the turn-up) after they have been cut for the start, he forfeits two points.

7. In cutting for the start, not fewer than three cards must be lifted from the pack or left on the table.

8. The non-dealer throws out for the crib before the dealer. A card once laid out cannot be recalled, nor must either party touch the crib till the hand is played out. Either player confusing the crib cards with his hand, is liable to a penalty of three points.

[In three and four-hand cribbage the left-hand player throws out first for the crib, then the next; the dealer last. The usual and best way is for the non-dealer to throw his crib over to the dealer's side of the board; on these two cards the dealer places his own, and hands the pack over to be cut. The pack is then at the right side of the board for the next deal.]

9. The player who takes more points than those to which he is entitled, either in play or in reckoning hand or crib, is liable to be "pegged;" that is, to be put back as many points as he has over-scored, and have the points added to his opponent's side.

[In pegging you must not remove your opponent's front peg till you have given him another. In order "to take him down,'' you remove your own back peg and place it where his front peg ought to be, you then take his wrongly placed peg and put it in front of your own front, as many holes as he has forfeited by wrongly scoring.]

10. No penalty attaches to the taking of too few points in play, hand, or crib.

11. When a player has once taken his hand or crib, he cannot amend his score.

12. When a knave is turned up, "two for his heels" must be scored before the dealer's own card be played, or they cannot be taken.

13. A player cannot demand the assistance of his adversary in reckoning hand and crib.

14. A player may not, except to "peg him," touch his adversary's pegs, under a penalty of two points. If the foremost peg has been displaced by accident, it must be placed in the hole behind the peg standing on the board.

15. The peg once holed cannot be removed by either player till another point or points be gained.

16. The player who scores a game as won when, in fact, it is not won, loses it.

17. A lurch—scoring the whole sixty-one before your adversary has scored thirty-one—is equivalent to a double game, if agreed to previous to the commencement of the game.

18. A card that may be legally played cannot be withdrawn after it has been once thrown face upwards on the table.

19. If a player neglect to score his hand, crib, or any point or points of the game, he cannot score them after the cards are packed or the next card played.

20. The player who throws up his cards and refuses to score, forfeits the game.

21. If a player neglect to play when he can play a card within the prescribed thirty-one, he forfeits two holes.

22. Each player's hand and crib must be plainly thrown down on the table and not mixed with the pack, under penalty of the forfeiture of the game.

The player who refuses to abide by the rules, loses the game. Bystanders must not interfere unless requested to decide any disputed point.

Rustle is not Industry.

1. A new deal can be demanded for an exposed card, too few or too many cards dealt; in the latter case, a new deal is optional, provided it be done before a card has been played, but not after, to draw from the opposing hand the extra card.

2. iNo person can beg more than once in each hand, except by mutual agreement.

3. Each player must trump or follow suit on penalty of the adversary scoring one point.

4. If either player score wrongly it must be taken down, and the adversary either scores four points or one, as may have previously been agreed.

5. When a trump is played, it is allowable to ask your adversary if it be either high or low.

6. One card may count all-fours; for example, the eldest hand holds the knave and stands his game, the dealer has neither trump, ten, ace, nor court-card; it will follow that the knave will be both high, low, Jack, and game, as explained by:

1. High.—For the highest trump out, the holder scores one point.

2. Low.—For the lowest trump out, the original holder scores one point, even if it be taken by the adversary.

3. Jack.—For the knave of trumps the holder scores one. If it be won by the adversary, the winner scores the point.

4. Game.—The greatest number that, in the tricks gained, are shown by either player, reckoning:

The other cards do not count: thus it may happen that a deal may be played without having any to reckon for game.

5. Begging is when the eldest hand, disliking his cards, uses his privilege, and says, "I beg;" in which case the dealer either suffers his adversary to score one point, saying, "Take one," or gives each player three cards more from the pack, and then turns up the next card, the seventh for trumps. If, however, the trump turned up to be of the same suit as the first, the dealer must go on, giving each three cards more, and turning up the seventh, until a change of suit for trumps shall take place.

1. Make your knave as soon as you can.

2. Secure your tens by playing any small cards, by which you may throw the lead into you adversary's hand.

3. Win your adversary's best cards when you can, either by trumping or with superior cards.

4. If, being eldest hand, you hold either ace, king, or queen of trumps, without the knave or ten, play them immediately, as, by this means, you may chance to win the knave or ten.

1. This game is played by any number of persons, from three, but five or seven make the best game.

2. The cards are cut for deal, the holder of the lowest card being dealer; after which the deal goes round, from left to right. In case of a tie, the players cut again. Ace is lowest, and the court-cards and tens are reckoned of the same value,—namely, ten.

3. The left-hand adversary shuffles or makes the pack, and the player to the right of the dealer cuts previous to the deal.

4. The cards take their usual value, ace highest; then king, queen, knave, ten, and so on, down to deuce. The dealer then gives three cards, one at a time, face downwards, to each player; and also dealing an extra hand, or "miss," which may be thrown on the table either as the first or last card of each round.

5. A card too many or too few is a misdeal.

6. The stakes being settled beforehand, the dealer puts into the pool his three halfpence, pence, or sixpences, and the game proceeds:

7. The first player on the left of the dealer looks at his hand, and declares whether he will play or take the miss. If he decide to play, he says, "I play," or "I take the miss;" but he may elect to do neither; in which case he places his cards on the pack, and has nothing further to do with that round. The next player looks at his hand, and says whether he will play or not; and so on, till the turn comes to the dealer, who, if only one player stand the chance of the loo, may either play or give up the stakes.

8. In the first round it is usual either to deal a single; that is, a round without a miss, when all the players must play; or each player puts into the pool a sum equal to that staked by the dealer in which latter case a miss is dealt.

Never Open the Door to a Little Vice.

1. For a misdeal the dealer is looed.

2. For playing out of turn or looking at the miss without taking it, the player is looed.

3. If the first player possess two or three trumps, he must play the highest, or be looed.

4. With ace of trumps only, the first player must lead it, or be looed.

5. The player who looks at his own cards, or the miss out of his turn, is looed.

6. The player who looks at his neighbour's hand, either during the play or when they lie on the table, is looed.

7. The player who informs another what cards he possesses, or gives any intimation that he knows such or such cards to be in the hand or the miss, is looed.

8. The player who throws up his cards after the leading card is played, is looed.

9. Each player who follows the elder hand must head the trick if he can, or be looed.

10. Each player must follow suit if he can, or be looed.

The player who is looed pays into the pool the sum agreed.

1. When it is seen how many players stand in the round, the elder hand plays a card—his highest trump if he has two or more; if not, any card he chooses. The next plays, and, if he can, follows suit or heads the trick with a trump. If he can do neither, he throws away any card.

2. And so the round goes on; the highest card of the suit, or the highest trump, winning the trick. The winner of the trick then leads another card.

3. The game consists of three tricks, and the pool is divided equally among the players possessing them. Thus, if there be three pence, shillings, or half-crowns, in the pool, the tricks are a penny, sixpence, or half-a-crown each. The three tricks may of course be won by a single player, or they may be divided between two or three. Each player who fails to win a trick is looed, and pays into the next pool the amount determined on as the loo.

4. When played for a determinate stake, as a penny for the deal and three pence for the loo, the game is called Limited Loo. When each player is looed for the sum in the pool, it is Unlimited Loo.

5. Caution is necessary in playing this game to win. As a general rule, the first player should not take the miss, as the dealer's stake is necessarily to be added to the loo. Nor the miss be taken after two players have "struck in" (declared to play), for the chances are that they possess good leading cards.

1. In principle it is the same as the other game Loo, only instead of three, the dealer (having paid his own stake into the pool) gives five cards to each player, one by one, face downwards.

2. After five cards have been dealt to each player, another is turned up for trump; the knave of clubs generally, or sometimes the knave of the trump suit, as agreed upon, is the highest card, and is styled Pam; the ace of trumps is next in value, and the rest on succession, as at Whist. Each player can change all or any of the five cards dealt, or throw up his hand, and escape being looed. Those who play their cards, either with or without changing, and do not gain a trick, are looed. This is also the case with all who have stood the game, when a flush or flushes occur; and each, except a player holding pam, of an inferior flush, must pay a stake, to be given to him who sweeps the board, or divided among the winners at the ensuing deal, according to the tricks made. For instance, if every one at dealing stakes half-a-crown, the tricks are entitled to sixpence a-piece, and whoever is looed must put down half-a-crown, exclusive of the deal; sometimes it is settled that each person looed shall pay a sum equal to what happens to be on the table at the time. Five cards of a suit, or four with pam, make a flush which sweeps the board, and yields only to a superior flush, or the elder hand. When the ace of trumps is led, it is usual to say, "Pam be civil;" the holder of which last-mentioned card must then let the ace pass.

3. Any player with five cards of a suit (a flush) looes all the players who stand in the game.

4. The rules in this game are the same as in Three Card Loo.

1. When the dealer accidentally discovers any of his adversary's cards, the adversary may demand a new deal.

2. When the dealer discovers any of his own cards in dealing, he must abide by the deal.

3. When a faced card is discovered during the deal, the cards must be reshuffled, and dealt again.

4. If the dealer give his adversary more cards than are necessary, the adversary may call a fresh deal, or suffer the dealer to draw the extra cards from his hand.

5. If the dealer give himself more cards than are his due, the adversary may add a point to his game, and call a fresh deal, or draw the extra cards from the dealer's hand.

6. No bystander must interfere, under penalty of paying the stakes.

7. Either party saying, "I put"—that is, "I play"—cannot retract, but must abide the event of the game, or pay the stakes.

Knowledge Makes Humble.

1. By the two black aces.

2. The ace of spades and king of hearts.

3. The ace of clubs and king of hearts.

Ignorance Makes Proud.

Knowledge Talks Lowly.

1. Great Cassino, the ten of diamonds, which reckons for two points.

2. Little Cassino, the two of spades, which reckons for one point.

3. The Cards is when you have a greater share than your adversary, and reckons for three points.

4. The Spades is when you have the majority of that suit, and reckons for one point.

5. The Aces: each of which reckons for one point.

6. Lurched is when your adversary has won the game before you have gained six points.

In some deals at this game it may so happen that neither party win anything, as the points are not set up according to the tricks, &c, obtained, but the smaller number is constantly subtracted from the larger, both in cards and points; and if they both prove equal, the game commences again, and the deal goes on in rotation. When three persons play at this game, the two lowest add their points together, and subtract from the highest; but when their two numbers together either amount to or exceed the highest, then neither party scores.

1. The deal and partners are determined by cutting, as at whist, and the dealer gives four cards, one at a time, to each player, and either regularly as he deals, or by one, two, three, or four at a time, lays four more, face upwards, upon the board, and, after the first cards are played, four others are dealt to each person, until the pack be concluded; but it is only in the first deal that any cards are to be turned up.

2. The deal is not lost when a card is faced by the dealer, unless in the first round, before any of the four cards are turned up upon the table; but if a card happen to be faced in the pack, before any of the said four be turned up, then the deal begins again.

3. Any person playing with less than four cards must abide by the loss; and should a card be found under the table, the player whose number is deficient takes the same.

4. Each person plays one card at a time, with which he may not only take at once every card of the same denomination upon the table, but likewise all that will combine therewith; as, for instance, a ten takes not only every ten, but also nine and ace, eight and deuce, seven and three, six and four, or two fives; and if he clear the board before the conclusion of the game, he is to score a point; and whenever any player cannot pair or combine, then he is to put down a card.

5. The tricks are not to be counted before all the cards are played; nor may any trick but that last won be looked at, as every mistake must be challenged immediately.

6. After all the pack is dealt out, the player who obtains the last trick sweeps all the cards then remaining unmatched upon the table and wins the game.

Ignorance Talks Loud.

Knowledge is Modest, Cautious, and Pure.

1. Each player has right to shuffle the cards above the table.

2. The cut must not be fewer than two cards off the pack, and at least two cards must be left on the table.

3. When more than one card is exposed in cutting, there must be a new deal.

4. The highest ecarté card cut secures the deal, which holds good even though the pack be imperfect.

5. The dealer must give five cards to each by three and two, or by two and three, at a time, which plan must not be changed, during the game.

6. An incorrect deal, playing out of turn, or a faced card, necessitates a new deal.

7. The eleventh card must be turned up for trumps; and the remaining cards placed, face downwards, on the table.

8. The king turned up must be marked by the dealer before the trump of the next deal is turned up.

9. A king of trumps held in hand must be announced and marked before the player lays down his first card, or he loses his right to mark it. If played in the first trick, it must be announced before it is played to.

10. A proposal or acceptance cannot be retracted or altered.

11. Before taking cards, the player must place his discarded cards, face downwards, on the table, and neither look at or touch them till the round be over.

12. The player holding king marks one point; making three tricks, one point; five tricks, two points.

13. The non-dealer playing without proposing and failing to win the point, gives two tricks to his opponent.

14. The dealer who refuses the first proposal and fails to win the point (three tricks), gives his opponent two points.

15. An admitted overscore or underscore may be amended without penalty before the cards are dealt for the following round.

Ignorance Boastful, Conceited, and Sure.

1. The players cut for deal; the higher card cut dealing.

2. The cards are dealt by twos and threes, each player having five.

3. The eleventh card is turned up for trumps.

4. Five points constitute game.

5. The player winning three or four tricks marks one point; winning five tricks, two points.

6. When the first player considers his hand strong enough to score, he can order it up—that is, he can oblige the dealer to discard one of his cards and take up the trump in its stead.

7. When the first player does not find his hand strong enough, he may pass—" I pass;" with the view of changing the suit.

8. In case of the first player "ordering it up," the game begins by his playing a card, to which the dealer must follow suit or trump, or throw away. The winner of the trick then leads: and so on till all the five cards in each hand are played.

9. If the player order up the trump and fail to make three tricks, he is euchred, and his opponent marks two points.

10. If the player, not being strong enough, passes, the dealer can say, "I play," and take the trump into his own hand; but, as before, if he fail to score, he is euchred.

11. If both players pass, the first has the privilege of altering the trump, and the dealer is compelled to play. Should the first player fail to score, he is euchred.

12. If he pass for the second time, the dealer can alter the trump, with the same penalty if he fail to score.

13. When trumps are led and you cannot follow suit, you must play the left bower if you have it, to win the trick.

The score is marked as in Ecarté, by each side with a two and three.

Be Not the First by Whom the New is Tried.

1. Immediately after taking a trick, and then only, a player can make a Declaration; but he must do so before drawing another card. Only one Declaration can be made after each trick.

2. If, in making a declaration, a player put down a wrong card or cards, either in addition to or in the place of any card or cards of that declaration, he is not allowed to score until he has taken another trick. Moreover, he must resume the cards, subject to their being called for as "faced" cards.

3. The seven of trumps may be exchanged for the trump card, and for this exchange ten is scored. This exchange is made immediately after he has taken a trick, but he may make a declaration at the same time, the card exchanged not being used in such declaration.

4. Whenever the seven of trumps is played, except in the last eight tricks, the player scores ten for it, no matter whether he wins the trick or not.

5. When all the cards are drawn from the pack, the players take up their eight cards. No more declarations can he made, and the play proceeds as at Whist, the ten ranking higher than the king, and the ace highest.

6. In the last eight tricks the player is obliged to follow suit, and he must win the trick if possible, either by playing a higher card, or, if he has not a card of the same suit, by playing a trump.

7. A player who revokes in the last eight tricks, or omits to take when he can, forfeits the eight tricks to his opponent.

8. The last trick is the thirty-second, for which the winner scores ten. The game may be varied by making the last trick the twenty-fourth—the next before the last eight tricks. It is an unimportant point, but one that should be agreed upon before the game is commenced.

9. After the last eight tricks are played, each player examines his cards, and for each ace and ten that he holds he scores ten.

10. The non-dealer scores aces and tens first; and in case of a tie, the player scoring the highest number of points, less the aces and tens in the last deal, wins the game. If still a tie, the taker of the last trick wins.

11. All cards played in error are liable to be called for as "faced" cards at any period of the game, except during the last eight tricks.

12. In counting forfeits a player may either add the points to his own score or deduct them from the score of his opponent.

1. A Declaration is the exhibition on the table of any cards or combination of, cards, as follows:

2. Bezique is the queen of spades and knave of diamonds, for which the holder scores 40 points. A variation provides that when the trump is either spades or diamonds, Bezique may be queen of clubs and knave of hearts. Bézique having been declared, may be again used to form Double Bezique—two queens of spades and two knaves of diamonds. All four cards must be visible on the table together—500 points.

3. Sequence is ace, ten, king, queen, and knave of trumps—250 points.

4. Royal Marriage is the king and queen of trumps—40 points.

5. Common Marriage is the king and queen of any suit, except trumps—20 points.

6. Four aces are the aces of any suits —100 points.

7. Four kings are the kings of any suits—80 points.

8. Four Queens are the queens of any suits—60 points.

9. Four knaves are the knaves of any suits—40 points.

Nor Yet the Last to Cast the Old Aside.

1. The cards forming the declarations are placed on the table to show that they are properly scored, and the cards may thence be played into tricks as if in your hand.

2. Kings and queens once married cannot be re-married, but can be used, while they remain on the table, to make up four kings, four queens, or a sequence.

3. The king and queen used in a sequence cannot afterwards be declared as a royal marriage.

4. If four knaves have been declared, the knave of diamonds may be used again for a bézique, or to complete a sequence.

5. If four aces have been declared, the ace of trumps may he again used to perfect a sequence.

6. If the queen of spades has been married, she may he again used to form a bézique, and vice versâ, and again for four queens.

7. Playing the seven of trumps—except in last eight tricks—10; exchanging the seven of trumps for the trump card—10; the last trick—10; each ace and ten in the tricks—at the end of each deal—10.

8. The game is 1,000, 2,000, or 4,000 up. Markers are sold with the cards.

1. The above rules hold good in the case of three-handed games—treble bézique counting 1,500. An extra pack of cards is required for the third other player; so that, in the case of three, the trump card is the twenty-fifth.

2. The game is always played from left to right, the first player on the left of the dealer commencing. Three-handed bézique is sometimes played with two packs of cards, suppressing an eight, thus rendering them divisible by three.

1. Four-handed Bezique may be played by partners decided either by choice or cutting. Partners sit opposite each other, one collecting the tricks of both, and the other keeping the score, or each may keep his own score, which is preferable.

2. A player may make a declaration immediately after his partner has taken a trick, and may inquire of his partner if he has anything to declare, before drawing.

3. Declarations must be made by each player separately, as in two-handed bézique.

4. The above descriptions will serve to sufficiently acquaint the reader with the rules and modes of play adopted in this excellent game. Bézique is said to be of Swedish origin, and to have been introduced to English players through the medium of some Indian officers who had learned it of a Scandinavian comrade. Variations in the play occur in different companies. These, however, having been indicated above, need not be more particularly noted.

A Lady in America Made a Quilt in 55,555 Pieces.

1. La Rose.—First gentleman and opposite lady advance and set—turn with both hands, retiring to places—return, leading outside—set and turn at corners.

2. La Lodoiska.—First couple advance twice, leaving the lady in the centre—set in the centre—turn to places—all advance in two lines—all turn partners.

3. La Dorset.—First lady advance and stop, then the opposite gentleman—both retire, turning round—ladies' hands across half round, and turn the opposite gentlemen with left hands—repeat back to places, and turn partners with left hands.

4. L'Étoile.—First couple set to couple at right—set to couple at left—change places with partners, and set, and pirouette to places—right and left with opposite couple,

5. Les Lanciers.—The grand chain. The first couple advance and turn facing the top; then the couple at right advance behind the top couple; then the couple at left and the opposite couple do the same, forming two lines. All change places with partners and back again. The ladies turn in a line on the right, the gentlemen in a line on the left. Each couple meet up the centre. Set in two lines, the ladies in one line, the gentlemen in the other. Turn partners to places. Finish with the grand chain.

Coffee was First Brought to England in 1641.

Phosphorus was Discovered in 1677.

Average Weight of Man's Brain, 3-1/2lbs, Woman's 2lbs. 11oz.

Man's Heart Beats 92,160 Times in a Day.

The Human Body has 240 Bones.

Should envious tongues some malice frame,
To soil and tarnish your good name,
Live it down!

Grow not disheartened; 'tis the lot
Of all men, whether good or not:
Live it down!

Him not in answer, but be calm;
For silence yields a rapid balm:
Live it down!

Go not among your friends and say,
Evil hath fallen on my way:
Live it down!

Far better thus yourself alone
To suffer, than with friends bemoan
The trouble that is all your own:
Live it down!

What though men evil call your good!
So Christ Himself, misunderstood,
Was nailed unto a cross of wood!
And now shall you for lesser pain,
Your inmost soul for ever stain,
By rendering evil back again?
Live it down!

The Musical Scale was Invented in 1022.

A Salmon has been Known to Produce 10,000,000 Eggs.

1. Who and whom are used in relation to persons, and which in relation to things. But it was once common to say, "the man which." This should now be avoided. It is now usual to say, "Our Father who art in heaven," instead of "which art in heaven."

2. Whose is, however, sometimes applied to things as well as to persons. We may therefore say, "The country whose inhabitants are free." Grammarians differ in opinion upon this subject, but general usage justifies the rule.

3. Thou is employed in solemn discourse, and you in common language. Ye (plural) is also used in serious addresses, and you in familiar language.

4. The uses of the word It are various, and very perplexing to the uneducated. It is not only used to imply persons, but things, and even, ideas, and therefore, in speaking or writing, its assistance is constantly required. The perplexity respecting this word arises from the fact that in using it in the construction of a long sentence, sufficient care is not taken to ensure that when it is employed it really points out or refers to the object intended. For instance, "It was raining when John set out in his cart to go to the market, and he was delayed so long that it was over before he arrived." Now what is to be understood by this sentence? Was the rain over? or the market? Either or both might be inferred from the construction of the sentence, which, therefore, should be written thus:— "It was raining when John set out in his cart to go to the market, and he was delayed so long that the market was over before he arrived."

5. Rule.—After writing a sentence always look through it, and see that wherever the word It is employed, it refers to or carries the mind back to the object which it is intended to point out.

6. The general distinction between This and That may be thus defined: this denotes an object present or near, in time or place, that something which is absent.

7. These refers, in the same manner, to present objects, while those refers to things that are remote.

8. Who changes, under certain conditions, into whose and whom. But that and which always remain the same.

9. That may be applied to nouns or subjects of all sorts; as, the girl that went to school, the dog that bit me, the ship that went to London, the opinion that he entertains.

10. The misuse of these pronouns gives rise to more errors in speaking and writing than any other cause.

11. When you wish to distinguish between two or more persons, say, "Which is the happy man?"—not who—"Which of those ladies do you admire?"

12. Instead of "Who do you think him to be?"—say, "Whom do you think him to be?"

13. Whom should I see?

14. To whom do you speak?

15. Who said so?

16. Who gave it to you?

17. Of whom did you procure them?

18. Who was he?

19. Who do men say that I am?

20. Whom do they represent me to be¹?

21. In many instances in which who is used as an interrogative, it does not become whom; as "Who do you speak to?" "Who do you expect?" "Who is she married to?" "Who is this reserved for?" "Who was it made by?" Such sentences are found in the writings of our best authors, and it would be presumptuous to consider them as ungrammatical. If the word whom should be preferred, then it would be best to say, "For whom is this reserved?" &c

22. Instead of "After which hour," say "After that hour."

23. Self should never be added to his, their, mine, or thine.

24. Each is used to denote every individual of a number.

25. Every denotes all the individuals of a number.

26. Either and or denote an alternative: "I will take either road, at your pleasure;" "I will take this or that."

27. Neither means not either; and nor means not the other.

28. Either is sometimes used for each—"Two thieves were crucified, on either side one."

29. "Let each esteem others as good as themselves," should be, "Let each esteem others as good as himself."

30. "There are bodies each of which are so small," should be, "each of which is so small."

31. Do not use double superlatives, such as most straightest, most highest, most finest.

32. The term worser has gone out of use; but lesser is still retained.

33. The use of such words as chiefest, extremest, &c, has become obsolete, because they do not give any superior force to the meanings of the primary words, chief, extreme, &c

34. Such expressions as more impossible, more indispensable, more universal, more uncontrollable, more unlimited, &c, are objectionable, as they really enfeeble the meaning which it is the object of the speaker or writer to strengthen. For instance, impossible gains no strength by rendering it more impossible. This class of error is common with persons who say, "A great large house," "A great big animal," "A little small foot," "A tiny little hand."

35. Here, there, and where, originally denoting place, may now, by common consent, he used to denote other meanings; such as, "There I agree with you," "Where we differ," "We find pain where we expected pleasure," "Here you mistake me."

36. Hence, whence, and thence, denoting departure, &c, may be used without the word from. The idea of from is included in the word whence—therefore it is unnecessary to say "From whence."

37. Hither, thither, and whither, denoting to a place, have generally been superseded by here, there, and where. But there is no good reason why they should not be employed. If, however, they are used, it is unnecessary to add the word to, because that is implied—"Whither are you going?" "Where are you going?" Each of these sentences is complete. To say, "Where are you going to?" is redundant.

38. Two negatives destroy each other, and produce an affirmative. "Nor did he not observe them," conveys the idea that he did observe them.

39. But negative assertions are allowable. "His manners are not unpolite," which implies that his manners are, in some degree, marked by politeness.

40. Instead of "I had rather walk," say "I would rather walk."

41. Instead of "I had better go," say "It were better that I should go."

42. Instead of "I doubt not but I shall be able to go," say "I doubt not that I shall be able to go."

43. Instead of "Let you and I," say "Let you and me."

44. Instead of "I am not so tall as him," say "I am not so tall as he."

45. When asked "Who is there?" do not answer "Me," but "I."

46. Instead of "For you and I," say "For you and me."

47. Instead of "Says I," say "I said."

48. Instead of "You are taller than me," say "You are taller than I."

49. Instead of "I ain't," or "I arn't," say "I am not."

50. Instead of "Whether I be present or no," say "Whether I be present or not."

51. For "Not that I know on," say "Not that I know."

52. Instead of "Was I to do so," say "Were I to do so."

53. Instead of "I would do the same if I was him," say "I would do the same if I were he."

54. Instead of "I had as lief go myself," say "I would as soon go myself," or "I would rather."

55. It is better to say "Bred and born," than "Born and bred."

56. It is better to say "Six weeks ago," than "Six weeks back."

57. It is better to say "Since which time," than "Since when."

58. It is better to say "I repeated it," than "I said so over again."

59. It is better to say "A physician," or "A surgeon," than "A medical man."

60. Instead of "He was too young to have suffered much," say "He was too young to suffer much."

61. Instead of "Less friends," say "Fewer friends." Less refers to quantity.

62. Instead of "A quantity of people," say "A number of people."

63. Instead of "He and they we know," say "Him and them."

64. Instead of "As far as I can see," say "So far as I can see."

65. Instead of "If I am not mistaken," say "If I mistake not."

66. Instead of "You are mistaken," say "You mistake."

67. Instead of "What beautiful tea!" say "What good tea!"

68. Instead of "What a nice prospect!" say "What a beautiful prospect!"

69. Instead of "A new pair of gloves," say "A pair of new gloves."

70. Instead of saying "He belongs to the house," say "The house belongs to him."

71. Instead of saying "Not no such thing," say " Not any such thing."

72. Instead of "I hope you'll think nothing on it," say "I hope you'll think nothing of it."

73. Instead of "Restore it back to me," say "Restore it to me."

74. Instead of "I suspect the veracity of his story," say "I doubt the truth of his story."

75. Instead of "I seldom or ever see him," say " I seldom see him."

76. Instead of "Rather warmish" or "A little warmish," say "Rather warm."

77. Instead of "I expected to have found him," say "I expected to find him."

78. Instead of "Shay," say "Chaise."

79. Instead of "He is a very rising person," say "He is rising rapidly."

80. Instead of "Who learns you music?" say "Who teaches you music?"

81. Instead of "I never sing whenever I can help it," say "I never sing when I can help it."

82. Instead of "Before I do that I must first ask leave," say "Before I do that I must ask leave."

83. Instead of "To get over the difficulty," say "To overcome the difficulty."

84. The phrase "get over" is in many cases misapplied, as, to "get over a person," to "get over a week," to "get over an opposition."

85. Instead of saying "The observation of the rule," say "The observance of the rule."

86. Instead of "A man of eighty years of age," say "A man eighty years old."

87. Instead of "Here lays his honoured head," say "Here lies his honoured head."

88. Instead of "He died from negligence," say " He died through neglect," or "in consequence of neglect."

89. Instead of "Apples are plenty," say "Apples are plentiful."

90. Instead of "The latter end of the year," say "The end, or the close of the year."

91. Instead of "The then government," say "The government of that age, or century, or year, or time."

92. Instead of "For ought I know," say "For aught I know."

93. Instead of "A couple of chairs," say "Two chairs."

94. Instead of "Two couples," say "Four persons."

95. But you may say "A married couple," or, "A married pair," or, "A couple of fowls," &c, in any case where one of each sex is to be understood.

96. Instead of "They are united together in the bonds of matrimony," say "They are united in matrimony," or, "They are married."

97. Instead of "We travel slow," say "We travel slowly."

98. Instead of "He plunged down into the river," say "He plunged into the river."

99. Instead of "He jumped from off of the scaffolding," say "He jumped off from the scaffolding."

100. Instead of "He came the last of all," say "He came the last."

101. Instead of "universal," with reference to things that have any limit, say "general;" "generally approved," instead of "universally approved;" "generally beloved," instead of "universally beloved."

102. Instead of "They ruined one another," say "They ruined each other."

103. Instead of "If in case I succeed," say "If I succeed."

104. Instead of "A large enough room," say "A room large enough."

105. Instead of "This villa to let," say "This villa to be let."

106. Instead of "I am slight in comparison to you," say "I am slight in comparison with you."

107. Instead of "I went for to see him," say "I went to see him."

108. Instead of "The cake is all eat up," say "The cake is all eaten."

109. Instead of "It is bad at the best," say "It is very bad."

110. Instead of "Handsome is as handsome does," say "Handsome is who handsome does."

111. Instead of "As I take it," say "As I see," or, "As I under stand it."

112. Instead of "The book fell on the floor," say "The book fell to the floor."

113. Instead of "His opinions are approved of by all," say "His opinions are approved by all."

114. Instead of "I will add one more argument," say "I will add one argument more," or "another argument."

115. Instead of "Captain Reilly was killed by a bullet," say "Captain Reilly was killed with a bullet."

116. Instead of "A sad curse is war," say "War is a sad curse."