The Project Gutenberg eBook of The American Missionary — Volume 37, No. 4, April, 1883 This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this ebook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook. Title: The American Missionary — Volume 37, No. 4, April, 1883 Author: Various Release date: November 16, 2019 [eBook #60697] Language: English Credits: Produced by Joshua Hutchinson, KarenD and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by Cornell University Digital Collections) *** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY — VOLUME 37, NO. 4, APRIL, 1883 *** Produced by Joshua Hutchinson, KarenD and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by Cornell University Digital Collections) [Illustration: APRIL, 1883. VOL. XXXVII. NO. 4. The American Missionary] CONTENTS PAGE. EDITORIAL. THIS NUMBER—FINANCIAL 97 PARAGRAPHS 98 DEATH OF MRS. G. S. POPE—PARAGRAPHS 99 COLOR PREJUDICE—BENEFACTIONS 100 GENERAL NOTES—AFRICA—THE CHINESE 101 THE INDIANS. WORK TRANSFERRED BY THE AM. BOARD 102 SUGGESTIONS OF ENLARGEMENT 103 SANTEE NORMAL TRAINING SCHOOL (cut) 104 ASPECTS OF THE INDIAN PROBLEM, BY HON. CARL SCHURZ 105 WORK AT CARLISLE, BY CAPT. R. H. PRATT 108 MANDAN HUT, DAKOTA (cut) 111 HISTORY AND OUTLOOK OF THE INDIAN WORK TRANSFERRED TO THE A. M. A., PROF. ALFRED L. RIGGS 111 SISSETON GIRLS, WITH TEACHER (cut) 114 INDIAN INDUSTRIES AT HAMPTON, GEN. S. C. ARMSTRONG 115 REVIVAL WORK AMONG INDIANS AT HAMPTON, MISS ISABEL B. EUSTIS 117 CHILDREN’S PAGE. INDIAN HUT (cut) 118 THE LITTLE INDIAN OF CLEAR LAKE 118 RECEIPTS 120 AIM AND WORK—STATISTICS—WANTS 123 * * * * * NEW YORK. PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION, Rooms, 56 Reade Street. * * * * * Price 50 Cents a Year, in Advance. Entered at the Post-Office at New York, N.Y., as second-class matter. THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION. * * * * * PRESIDENT. HON. WM. B. WASHBURN, LL.D., Mass. CORRESPONDING SECRETARY. Rev. M. E. STRIEBY, D.D., _56 Reade Street, N.Y._ TREASURER. H. W. HUBBARD, Esq., _56 Reade Street, N.Y._ AUDITORS. M. F. READING. WM. A. NASH. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. JOHN H. WASHBURN, Chairman; A. P. FOSTER, Secretary; LYMAN ABBOTT, ALONZO S. BALL, A. S. BARNES, C. T. CHRISTENSEN, FRANKLIN FAIRBANKS, CLINTON B. FISK, S. B. HALLIDAY, SAMUEL HOLMES, CHARLES A. HULL, _Samuel S. Marples_, CHARLES L. MEAD, WM. H. WARD, A. L. WILLISTON. DISTRICT SECRETARIES Rev. C. L. WOODWORTH, _Boston_. Rev. G. D. PIKE, D.D., _New York_. Rev. JAMES POWELL, _Chicago_. COMMUNICATIONS relating to the work of the Association may be addressed to the Corresponding Secretary; those relating to the collecting fields, to the District Secretaries; letters for the Editor of the “American Missionary,” to Rev. G. D. Pike, D.D., at the New York Office. DONATIONS AND SUBSCRIPTIONS may be sent to H. W. Hubbard, Treasurer, 56 Reade Street, New York, or, when more convenient, to either of the Branch Offices, 21 Congregational House, Boston, Mass., or 112 West Washington Street, Chicago, Ill. A payment of thirty dollars at one time constitutes a Life Member. FORM OF A BEQUEST. “I BEQUEATH to my executor (or executors) the sum of —— dollars, in trust, to pay the same in —— days after my decease to the person who, when the same is payable, shall act as Treasurer of the ‘American Missionary Association’ of New York City, to be applied, under the direction of the Executive Committee of the Association, to its charitable uses and purposes.” The Will should be attested by three witnesses. * * * * * “I THINK I’D LIKE TEN THOUSAND DOLLARS WHEN I’M SIXTY.” The gentleman who made the above remark carries a $10,000 endowment policy in the STATE MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY, of Worcester, Mass. That sum will be paid to _him_ at “sixty,” or to his family if he dies before reaching that age. Thousands of men now living will _need_ $10,000 when they become “sixty”—and their families will need it should they die before attaining that age. Both of these objects can be secured by the payment of a small sum each year to THE STATE MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE CO., OF WORCESTER, MASS., Which is one of the OLDEST, STRONGEST and BEST companies in the United States. This Company guarantees a CASH-SURRENDER value of every policy it issues after the second annual payment. EXAMPLE. 1. An ordinary life policy, issued at the age of 30 for $10,000, annual premium $226.30. (The second and all subsequent premiums will be reduced by dividends.) After ten annual premiums have been paid, the guaranteed cash-surrender value is $909.80; the paid-up value $2,387.70, or more than gross premiums paid. The _net_ cost for the past ten years of all similar policies has been $1,692.77, which reduced the cost of the insurance to $7.83 per $1,000 for each year. This Company never disputes, or resists, an honest claim. It has been a party to only four suits in thirty-eight years—and in _no case_ have the courts held a claim, resisted by the company, _to be valid_. For full explanations, please call on or address C. W. ANDERSON, General Agent, 145 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY. * * * * * Vol. XXXVII. APRIL, 1883. No. 4. * * * * * AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION. * * * * * We devote the greater part of this number of the MISSIONARY to the Indian problem. Communications will be found from Capt. Pratt, Gen. Armstrong, Hon. Carl Schurz and Prof. Riggs. These gentlemen have made the condition of the Indian a study for some years, and, by experience in public service, in the army, and by educational and religious endeavors, have had rare opportunities to test their theories and principles by practical efforts in behalf of the Indians. We know of no men more competent to speak on the subject or more worthy of the confidence of the public. Statistics relating to our Indian work, including that recently transferred to us by the American Board, are given. As we now are charged with the entire work done by the Congregationalists for the American aborigines, we trust we shall have the prayers and help needful for doing it efficiently. * * * * * FINANCIAL. Our _receipts_ show a falling off. Five months of the fiscal year are ended, and the receipts from donations are $20,774.39 less than for the corresponding months of last year; from legacies only $17,471.44 more. The decrease is in the contributions of living donors, and upon these rather than upon legacies, which are fluctuating and uncertain, must the Association rely for its regular support. Its _work_ was never more successful or needed. The kind of schools and churches it establishes, and the preachers and teachers it sends forth, are becoming more fully appreciated. We are urgently invited to enter new and unusually promising openings for an enlarged church work. The valuable service rendered by our increased corps of lady missionaries makes a strong demand for large additions to their number. The Indian work received by the Association from the American Board will add about $20,000 to the expenditures of the year, without the enlargement which it so greatly needs. The Chinese work makes a strong appeal for additional accommodations for the increasing number of pupils in the schools. Without an increase of receipts, or the creation of a debt, the Association cannot enlarge its work, or even sustain it in its present condition. Our Executive Committee feel themselves pledged against a debt by their promises to the public and by their own deep convictions of duty. But they confidently believe that the conscientious donors who have stood by the Association so faithfully in the past will promptly render such efficient assistance as will not only save it from debt or curtailment, but will authorize enlargement. * * * * * MUST HAVES. The following “must haves” sent us in a private letter from President Ware, of Atlanta, illustrate the urgency of the appeals that constantly come to us from our different workers South. Mr. Ware says: “We must have buildings; we must have endowments for running expenses; we must or go to the wall; we must have building for grade B; for model school building, $8,000; we must have cottage in girls’ lot for housekeeping instruction, $5,000; we must have new hall for girls, $25,000, that will give room for 100 girls; we must have shop for industries, carpenter, etc., and endowment for support of man in that department, about $50,000 for both;” a batch, it will be seen, of $88,000, with no estimate of the amount needed for general endowment. We believe that it has been found so far by those who have put their money into Atlanta University that it has yielded “some thirty, some sixty, and some an hundred fold.” The stock is not all taken. We invite investors to examine the “points” in this venture, and trust that the merits of the security will warrant a speedy absorption of the entire amount called for. * * * * * We are cheered by many kind words relating to the AMERICAN MISSIONARY, and believe that those interested in the nation’s welfare, and especially in the redemption of the South, find in it much to encourage them to hope and to give in behalf of the people for whom we labor. Nothing, however, gives more evidence of appreciation than the steady response to our appeals for paid subscriptions. So far this year these have been very gratifying. The price is fifty cents, and we hope there will be no abatement of interest on the part of our friends in helping us place the magazine on a paying basis. * * * * * In the list of the teachers at Hampton, as reported in the February _Missionary_, the name of Miss Waldron should have been put as Miss M. M. Waldron, M.D., School Physician. * * * * * DEATH OF MRS. G. S. POPE. After an illness of ten days, terminating in malarial pneumonia, Mrs. Pope died Feb. 2, at Tougaloo University, Tougaloo, Miss. For the past fifteen years she had been engaged in missionary work under the A. M. A., laboring in Montgomery, Louisville, Selma, Talladega and Tougaloo. Mrs. Pope brought into her work rare qualities of mind and heart. Her good judgment, her readiness in emergencies and her kindly interest in every one was an inspiration to all. Her death will be sorely felt, not only by her husband and two little boys, but by the large corps of workers, and the pupils with whom she has been associated for so many years. * * * * * The conventions held in Connecticut by the Congregational benevolent societies during February were well attended. One hundred and eleven churches were invited and eighty-eight represented. The meetings for April will be held in the following order: Tuesday, the 3d, Thomaston, morning and afternoon; Wednesday, the 4th, Waterbury, 2d church, morning and afternoon; Thursday, the 5th, New Britain, afternoon and evening; Tuesday, the 10th, New Haven, Davenport Church, afternoon and evening; Wednesday, the 11th, Rockville, 1st church, morning and afternoon; Thursday, the 12th, Putnam, morning and afternoon; Tuesday, the 17th, Norfolk, morning and afternoon; Wednesday, the 18th, Torrington, 3d church, morning and afternoon; Thursday, the 19th, West Winsted, morning and afternoon; Tuesday, the 24th, Danielsonville, morning and afternoon; Wednesday, the 25th, Norwich, 2d church, morning and afternoon; Thursday, the 26th, New London, 1st church, morning and afternoon; Friday, the 27th, New Haven, Fair Haven, 1st church, morning and afternoon. * * * * * “SERMONS AND SPEECHES,” by Rev. Atticus G. Haygood, D.D., is the title of a neat volume issued by the Southern Methodist Publishing House, Nashville. It contains 428 pages, and is offered at the low price of $1.25. The sermon likely to attract the most attention is on “The New South, Gratitude, Amendment, Hope.” It was preached on Thanksgiving Day, 1880, and circulated extensively in pamphlet form. “A Christian Citizen,” another sermon, is perhaps of equal merit, and especially pertinent to the condition of affairs South. The addresses of special interest to the general reader relate to “The Negro—A Citizen” and “The New South from a Southern Standpoint.” These addresses are comprehensive, catholic and kindly in spirit. Dr. Haygood convinces his readers of his sincerity, and charms them by the vigor and freshness of his style. Every word he utters indicates his purpose to do good. The circulation of these sermons and speeches will do much to create better feeling between well-disposed people North and South. We wish the book the success it merits. * * * * * Pursuant to the action taken at our last Annual Meeting relating to a petition requesting a report on the policy of the Association in regard to race or color prejudice in the support of schools or churches, our Executive Committee, to whom the matter was referred, have passed the following minutes. I. That in accordance with the New Testament doctrine upon which the Association was founded, and by which it has from the beginning been governed, that God has made of one blood all the nations of men, we reiterate the rule, which we believe that fidelity to Christ requires, that all our churches and schools shall open their doors impartially to persons of every class, race and color. II. That in obedience to the same New Testament doctrine, we shall require that all churches aided by us shall unite with neighboring churches of the same faith and order in Christian fellowship in the same conferences or associations, and in other usual means of fraternity and fellowship, making no distinctions on account of race or color. III. That this Association will not enter upon any new church work in any city or town where the American Home Missionary Society has already established a church work, without previous conference with the officers of its sister Society. Minutes similar in purport to the above have been passed by the Home Missionary Society. * * * * * BENEFACTIONS. Mr. William Backnell, of Philadelphia, has given $60,000 to the University of Lewisburg, Pa., for endowment purposes. Westminster College is to receive $2,000 from the estate of Miss Jane A. Thompson, of Missouri. The late Mr. Samuel Willets gave $100,000 to Swarthmore College, a Quaker institution, near Philadelphia. Dartmouth College is to receive $50,000 from the estate of the late George T. Wilson, of Providence, R.I. It is reported that Wm. H. Vanderbilt has recently given $100,000 to Vanderbilt University, at Nashville, Tenn. Mrs. Mary Young has given $500,000 to Fall River, Mass., for the establishment of a school of high rank. The gift is made in memory of an only son. Washburn College received a Christmas gift of $1,000 from Mrs. Emily G. Williston, of East Hampton, Mass., and a New Year’s offering of $1,000 from Hon. Wm. Hyde, of Ware, Mass. By the will of the late Wm. E. Dodge, of New York, the Syrian Protestant College is to receive $20,000; Lincoln University, $10,000; Howard University, Atlanta University and Hampton Institute, $5,000 each. Miss Baxter has given $50,000 to provide a laboratory for a college at Dundee, Scotland, which was founded by herself and her cousin, Dr. Baxter, some years ago, at an expense of $750,000. Mrs. Adeline Smith, of Oak Park, Ill., recently gave $11,000 for the founding of a Philander Smith chair in the University of Little Rock, Ark., to be a perpetual memorial of her husband, who died about a year ago. _Permanent endowments are needed in order that the institutions of the American Missionary Association may achieve that larger success which is rightly expected of them. Every consideration of the past, of the present and of the future, enforces the demand that these endowments should be provided at once._ * * * * * GENERAL NOTES. AFRICA. —The German Reichstag has voted an appropriation of one million marks to defray the expenses of an expedition now being fitted out for the exploration of Central Africa. —The Church Missionary Society have received tidings from their Uganda Mission at Mtesa’s capital that five young men have been baptized, the first fruits of the mission. —Notwithstanding the presence of General Matthews with the troops of the Sultan of Zanzibar, a brisk trade in slaves is going on at Mombassa. General Matthews is now fighting with a rebel chieftain who has a settlement not far from Mombassa where he receives runaway slaves. —The Church Missionary Society of England is about to begin missionary operations in Egypt. It is to be under the care of Rev. F. A. Klein, an able Arabic scholar. The same society had a station at Cairo in the beginning of this century, but abandoned it in 1824. —The English Baptists have established a station at Stanley Pool. The new missionary ship “Peace” is now ready to be shipped to the Congo. Mr. Stanley is about to publish an account of the results of his explorations. The French government has recently appropriated about $300,000 to defray the expenses of De Brassa’s expedition. —The famous work of Miss Whately, daughter of Archbishop Whately, who for years carried on her work at Cairo, at her own charges, is a very interesting branch of Egyptian missions. The Khedive presented Miss Whately with land for her buildings, and her Cairo schools number 300 boys and 200 girls, more than two-thirds of the girls and half the boys being Moslems. She has a branch school of ninety pupils at Damietta. THE CHINESE. —There are now between three and four hundred Christian schools in China, containing over six thousand pupils. —It is pointed out as a significant fact that the missions in Japan, which have been so prosperous, were started by a contribution sent by Christian converts of the Hawaiian Islands. —There are in New York City and vicinity 500 Chinese laundries, managed by about 2,000 Chinamen. No foreigners are more industrious, more peaceable, or more anxious to conform to the laws of the land. None are so reliable in their business arrangements or so desirous for instruction in mission schools. —There are at present in connection with Protestant missions in China more than 600 stations and out stations; more than 300 organized churches, a goodly number of them self-supporting, and some 20,000 communicants. * * * * * THE INDIANS. * * * * * WORK TRANSFERRED BY THE AMERICAN BOARD. By vote of the Prudential Committee of the American Board, the entire Dakota Mission was transferred to the American Missionary Association, to take effect Jan. 1, 1883. We give the statistics of the Mission as published in the last Annual Report of the Board. But some of the churches in the list (especially those at the Sisseton Agency) are reported as having transferred themselves to the Presbyterian Board of Home Missions, prior to Jan. 1, 1883. When the Prudential Committee of the American Board and the officers of the Presbyterian Board of Home Missions have decided the questions on this subject, which seem to be at issue between them, we will correct the list accordingly, if any change shall be found necessary. Fort Berthold (Dakota Territory).—Chas. L. Hall, _Missionary_; Miss Eda L. Ward, Miss Sophronia B. Pike, _Assistant Missionaries_. One church at Devil’s Lake, sixteen members. Fort Sully (Dakota Territory). Peoria Bottom.—Thomas L. Riggs, _Missionary_; Miss Mary C. Collins, Miss Louisa M. Irvine, _Assistant Missionaries_. One church, twenty-four members. Cheyenne River.—Isaac Renville, Stephen Yellow Hawk, David Lee, _Native Pastors_; Mrs. Renville, Samuel Hopkins, Mrs. Hopkins, Mrs. Elizabeth Winyan, _Native Teachers_. Santee Agency (Nebraska).—Alfred L. Riggs, _Missionary_; James C. Robbins, Joseph H. Steer, Mrs. Mary B. Riggs, Mrs. Maria L. Steer, Miss Martha M. Paddock, Miss Susan Webb, Miss Sarah L. Voorhees, Miss Harriet B. Ilsley, _Assistant Missionaries_; Miss Harriet A. Brown, Miss Lizzie Glisan, Miss ——, _Teachers_; Artemas Ehnamini, _Native Pastor_; Eli Abraham. _Native Teacher_; John Cetanmani, Dennis Mazaadidi, James Brown, James Redwing, _Catechists_. One church, one hundred and seventy members. Sisseton Agency (Dakota Territory).—Stephen R. Riggs, LL.D., _Missionary_; W. K. Morris, Mrs. Annie B. Riggs, Mrs. Martha Riggs Morris, _Assistant Missionaries_; Miss Thompson, Mrs. John B. Renville, _Teachers_; John B. Renville, Daniel Renville, Louis Mazawakinyanna, David Greycloud, Joseph Iron Door, Charles R. Crawford, _Native Pastors_. Six churches, four hundred and ten members. 4 stations; 9 out-stations; 9 churches; 4 missionaries; 3 American male assistant missionaries; 12 female assistant missionaries; 5 other teachers; 10 native pastors; 9 native teachers and catechists. We add the statistics of the Indian work as sustained by the Association during the past year. S’Kokomish Agency (Washington Territory).—Rev. Myron Eells, _Missionary_. Spokan Falls (Washington Territory).—Rev. H. T. Cowley, _Missionary_. Leech Lake Agency (Minnesota).—Rev. S. G. Wright, _Teacher_. Hampton (Virginia).—Miss Isabel B. Eustis, _Teacher_; and appropriation in aid of Indian students. * * * * * SUGGESTIONS OF ENLARGEMENT. We believe that those who read in this number of the Missionary the communications from Capt. Pratt, Gen. Armstrong and Prof. Riggs may ask with good reason, Why not develop at Santee an industrial school for the Indians, of like character to those at Hampton and Carlisle? Already fair beginnings have been made. As will be seen by a cut published herewith, we have good grounds, several attractive and suitable buildings, with other improvements. By an examination of a map with reference to the location of the different Indian tribes, it will be found that Santee is accessible to seven tribes, numbering over twenty thousand souls. The railroad systems of the vicinity are such that no great difficulty or expense would be experienced in bringing students together. The tribes speaking the Dakota language number more than those speaking any other Indian dialect on the continent. The churches already established among them, with a membership of 847, are in full sympathy with the Santee school. No difficulty is likely to come from a lack of students, as already the institution has during the present year been obliged to turn them away for want of room. [Illustration: SANTEE NORMAL TRAINING SCHOOL.] Mr. Thomas L. Riggs, who collected a company of Indian youth for Gen. Armstrong’s school last autumn, reports that he could have secured several times as many, if he had been seeking students for Santee. The variety of industries that it would be desirable to promote would be limited only by the wants of the people in a new country. Carpentering, blacksmithing, shoemaking, broommaking and basketmaking, are trades that well might receive early attention. It would be no part of the plan to interfere with the religious or normal school work by the more general introduction of industrial training. We believe that Christian nurture is promoted rather than retarded by attention to industrial pursuits among students, when wise oversight is given for the sake of useful achievements. The plan of locating the students in cottages, so that each home may have a quiet and healthful influence upon the untutored youth from wigwam life, is already inaugurated, and can be extended to meet all emergencies. The land at the agency is controlled by the government, but no difficulty is anticipated in securing all that may be needed for the use of the school. Scholarships may also be had in numbers and amount sufficient to warrant preparations on a large scale for a first grade normal and industrial institute. It is the purpose of this Association to weigh carefully the above considerations, and if found practicable, to develop at an early day a training school in Nebraska that shall be equal in its facilities and enterprises to the demands of the new era in the progress of Indian civilization. * * * * * ASPECTS OF THE INDIAN PROBLEM. BY HON. CARL SCHURZ. The increased interest of public-spirited citizens in the education of Indian children is one of the best, if not the best result, of recent discussions of the Indian question. The success of the schools at Hampton, in Virginia, Carlisle, in Pennsylvania, and Forest Grove, in Oregon, have amply demonstrated what can be accomplished if such schools be organized on the right principle and conducted with ability and energy. That this is more and more generally appreciated is all the more fortunate, as the Indian question is no longer one the solution of which can be trusted to time. As the progress of settlement and enterprise in the far western regions, or, as it is called in a general way, “the development of the country,” advances, the old methods of providing for the Indians become obsolete. Large reservations of wild land, on which the Indian can freely roam and support himself, partly by hunting, will soon be things of the past. Even now an “Indian frontier” does no longer exist. The abiding places of the Indians are almost everywhere surrounded by rapidly increasing populations of white men eagerly pressing upon the Indian lands. One reservation after another is broken up to make room for new lines of communication and for agricultural and mining enterprises. However conscientious the government may be in its intention and endeavor to protect the rights of the Indians at all points, it is evident that the Indians will soon, in every part of the country, be interspersed with an aggressive force, constantly growing in volume and power, which will threaten to overwhelm them like a rising flood. Their circumstances are essentially changed. The alternative of civilization or extermination is immediately before them—civilization enabling them to become in all important respects a part of the population among which they are to live; or extermination in a vain struggle to maintain the habits of savage life against the progress of superior forces, or rapid decay as miserable paupers and outcasts by the failure of self-sustaining ability. This alternative presents itself not as a question looming up in the distant future, to be solved by coming generations, but as a question involving the existence of the young generation of Indians now living. It is, in one word, a question of immediate urgency. If the Indians are to live at all, they must learn to live like white men. They can no longer stand in the way of the development of the country, but they must be enabled to become part of that development, and thus to be benefited by it. The “white man’s way” of which they are in the habit of speaking, must not, as heretofore, remain to them a mere vague, shadowy idea, but they must acquire a practical conception of what the white man’s way really is, what its objects are, and by what means those objects are attained. They must acquire that conception soon, for they will need it soon. The education of the young generation of Indians is therefore an immediately pressing necessity. And it must be an education that takes them out of their traditional ways of thinking, out of their old ambitions and habits of life. They must not only learn some reading and writing, but they must learn what reading and writing is for in the practical competitions of human existence. They must learn how to work and how to make their work useful. They must learn to love work by seeing and appreciating the fruits of it. Industrial training of a thoroughly practical kind must therefore go hand-in-hand with the ordinary rudimentary school education. The two things must be carried on with constant regard to the unity of aim. The schools at Hampton, Carlisle and Forest Grove are conducted upon this principle, and the results attained there prove that Indian youths can be taught the things required to provide for the necessities of life and to lift the Indian above the state of the pauper as well as of the savage. Of course we must not expect too much of them. We must not expect that they will issue from these schools as model men and model women in every respect. We must not expect that on the average they will be better than the average of white boys and girls, raised under the same circumstances and with the same advantages or disadvantages, would be. In point of fact, the reports about the young men and women who, after having gone through their three years’ term at Hampton or Carlisle, returned to their people in the western country, have been as different as reports would be about white boys and girls similarly situated. Some were bright, active and industrious, others dull and indolent. But a large majority of them have been doing well and showed a marked superiority in character, ambition and conduct over other young Indians who had not enjoyed the same kind of education. There is no doubt that their presence among their people as teachers and examples and as a moving force generally will exercise a most healthy and elevating influence, provided the number of Indians so educated be large enough to make them among the rising generation the rule, instead of their remaining exceptional cases, as they now are. It is, therefore, essential that such schools and the number of pupils in them be multiplied as much as possible. The schools at Hampton and Carlisle are mentioned here in preference to the schools established at the different agencies, partly because the former are superior as to the force of teachers employed there, as well as to their equipment in other respects, and partly because they offer to their Indian pupils the peculiar advantage of withdrawing them entirely from the savage influences of the Indian camps and placing them under the immediate influence of civilized surroundings, where they can learn the “white man’s way,” by seeing civilization at work. But as this method of educating young Indians is expensive, and Congress rather parsimonious as to appropriations for such purposes, the number of Indians profiting from it is necessarily very small in proportion to the whole population, while it ought to be very large. The establishment of an Indian school on the same plan near the Santee agency in Nebraska, as contemplated by the American Missionary Association, is therefore all the more to be welcomed. Although the surroundings of that school will not be quite as civilized as those of Hampton and Carlisle, yet the Santee reservation is at least on all sides easily accessible to civilized influences. It is a small tract, encircled by settlements of white people. At the same time, a school established there will be able to draw its pupils from the great Sioux reserve in Dakota at small cost, the distance being inconsiderable and the means of communication cheap and convenient. The American Missionary Association could scarcely render a more valuable service to the Indian race or do more credit to its own good judgment and benevolent impulses than by making so valuable an addition to the educational forces among the red men. * * * * * —A difficulty in prosecuting the work among the Indians in British Columbia is found in the fact that the tribes speak distinct languages. Not less than seven different dialects are used in the range of country embraced by missionary effort. ORIGIN AND HISTORY OF WORK AT CARLISLE. BY CAPT. R. H. PRATT. In compliance with your request I herewith furnish you with a brief history of the Carlisle School, and some account of its industrial features. It originated in the sending to Florida from the Indian Territory of 74 Indian prisoners in the spring of 1875. At the instance of General Sheridan I was selected by the War Department and placed in charge of those prisoners, they having been under my care at Fort Sill. They were from the Cheyenne, Arapahoe, Kiowa and Comanche tribes and were selected for this banishment because of well-known offenses against the peace of the frontier. Some of them were guilty of the most outrageous crimes. Years of army service among the Indians and observation of their treatment had led me to change my views for opinions in favor of giving to the Indian a broader chance and a desire that he might be brought more in contact with the peaceful and industrious side of civilized life, and so before the prisoners were started from Fort Sill I wrote to my superiors urging that they be educated and trained industrially during their imprisonment. Soon after reaching St. Augustine I wrote repeatedly to the War Department urging that some locality with more industrial surroundings be selected and the prisoners be transferred. This was denied, and I then set to work to make the best use of the elements to be found in the sleepy old Spanish town. With no means, I was forced to seek the co-operation of charitable and missionary folks. Miss S. A. Mather, Miss Perit, Mrs. King Gibbs, Mrs. Couper Gibbs, of St. Augustine, and Mrs. Dr. Caruthers of Tarrytown, N.Y., winter resident of St. Augustine, volunteered to teach and did teach the classes of those grown Indian men for two years and a half, giving them about one hour’s instruction daily. Industrially there was little practical opportunity, but numbers were placed for different periods to work on saw mills, at picking oranges, as hostlers, grubbing the land, boating and whatever could be found in connection with their own necessities and comfort in the old fort. Twice we boated pine logs from a distance and constructed log houses within the fort, riving the clap-boards, building stick chimneys, chinking and daubing that they might learn to construct their own homes. Some of them advanced rapidly in acquiring literary, English speaking and industrial knowledge. Others were very stupid. The greatest success in the labor line was in placing five men to grub five acres that had intimidated other laborers both white and black. The undergrowth and roots to be removed were of the most dense and appalling kind, and yet the Indians stuck to it until they had made a complete success of it. Another of the best evidences of the success of our labor efforts was a petition signed by a very considerable number of laborers and others of the community asking that I be estopped in the putting of the Indians out to labor in competition with other classes, as I was taking bread from the mouths of those who were dependent upon such labor for their living, etc. In the spring of 1878 the authorities at Washington determined to release the prisoners and permit them to return to their homes. There were 22 of them who preferred to remain East and get a better knowledge of civilized life and more education before going home. The expenses of these 22 young men were undertaken by different charitable people. Gen. S. C. Armstrong, of the Hampton Normal Institute, received 17 into his institution, while four went to Paris Hill, near Utica, N.Y., under the immediate charge of Rev. J. B. Wickes, an Episcopal clergyman, encouraged by Bishop Huntington, all the expenses being undertaken by Mrs. Burnham. One was taken to Tarrytown, N.Y., in Dr. Caruther’s own family. Hampton Institute being an industrial school, furnished the most seasonable and practical education of any institution I was able to find. The remainder of the party were returned to their respective agencies, and such was the effect of their training in Florida during their three years’ absence, that they at once became the best element for progress in their tribes. At this time, while a few have gone back to the blanket condition, most likely from necessity, because no other way was open to them, there is abundant testimony in the reports of their respective agents during the past four years that they are still a useful and leading industrious element among their people. A few weeks after the arrival of the party at Hampton Institute, General Armstrong was so favorably impressed by the conduct and progress of the 17 he had undertaken, that he was willing to increase the number by adding 50 more, and including girls. Mr. Schurz and Mr. McCrary, then Secretaries of the Interior and War Departments, accepted the proposition, and I was sent, in the fall of 1878, to Dakota, and brought away 49 children from six different agencies of the Sioux, Gros Ventre, Mandan and Arickeree tribes. These, together with the former Florida prisoners, were placed under training in all the varied systems of literary and industrial pursuits. Hampton Institute provides liberally for its colored students, and side by side with those colored pupils the Indian boys and girls, in perfect harmony with the new life, demonstrated their capacity to hold their own in improving the best of chances. It was very much desired by the friends of this new movement, and particularly General Armstrong, that I should remain with it, and a clause was introduced in the army appropriation bill, which passed Congress in the spring of 1879, for the detail of one officer, not above the rank of captain, for duty with reference to Indian education. It was a plan which I had urged for several years that to get the best results in our educational work among Indian children as many as possible should be removed from reservation and tribal influences and placed in the atmosphere of civilized life, and to this end I had urged the use of vacant military posts and barracks as furnishing, without much cost in changing and improving buildings, places to make a beginning, and I proposed to the Interior and War Departments that I would undertake the education of 250 or 300 children at the old military buildings at Carlisle. This proposition was accepted, and after many preliminaries I was sent in September, 1879, to the Rosebud and Pine Ridge Agencies in Dakota and brought away 84 children, and immediately after went to the Indian Territory and from the Kiowa, Cheyenne, Pawnee and other tribes brought 52 more. To these were added 11 from the Hampton Institute of the young men who had been with me in Florida. The school was opened on the first of November with 147 students. To these were added from time to time children from various Western tribes, and at the end of July, 1880, we numbered 239 children, about one-third of whom were girls. At the end of the second year, October, 1881, we had increased to 295. At the present writing we number 379—132 girls and 247 boys. From the beginning our principle has been to place the most emphasis on industrial training, next English speaking and then literary training. To accomplish the first we very early in the work established shops for mechanical instruction in carpentry, blacksmithing, wagon-making, harness-making, tailoring, tinsmithing, shoemaking, printing, baking and on our farm of 115 acres gave some scope for agricultural training. We have avoided theory in our industries and adhered to practice, being governed to a great extent by the old apprentice system. We have at the head of each branch a skilled mechanic as practical instructor, and as nearly as possible we pursue the methods of trades people in their instructions to apprentices. We give half of each day to work and the other half to school, and have found that our progress is proportionately greater in each than it would be if the attention was directed to either the one or the other for the whole time. Under this system we have in training as carpenters 13 boys; as wagon-makers and blacksmiths, 15; as harness-makers, 15; as shoemakers, 19; as tailors, 12; as turners, 11; as printers, 5; as bakers, 3; and every boy not engaged at some trade is required to work during the season upon the farm. Such products of our labors as we are not able to make use of for the school are purchased by the Indian Department and shipped to agencies. We think our boys as forward in capacity for receiving instruction on each of the several branches as the average white boy. In the blacksmith shop our apprentice boys after two years’ instruction, are able to iron a wagon, repair a plow, shoe a horse, etc. In the wood-working department able to get out all the different wood parts of the wagon ready for the blacksmith. In the tin-smithing to construct coffee pots, buckets, pails, pans, cups, etc. In the harness-making to cut out and manufacture harness. In the tailoring to cut out and manufacture clothing. In shoemaking to repair and manufacture boots and shoes. In printing to set up and distribute type and make up forms. In baking we have no other help than Indians. We give to our girls instruction in the various industries of the sex and find no general lack. In cooking, sewing, house work, laundry work, etc., they are apt pupils. One of the most useful features of our work has been the placing of our boys and girls in private families, principally among farmers, where they perform the same kind of labor and are subjected to the same home and labor influences that white children of their own ages receive. This has the most beneficial results. The children take on English speaking and the industries of civilized life very speedily. During vacation we place out all we can spare from our own work, and during the winter we allow a considerable number to remain and attend the public schools in the several neighborhoods, they being required to do such work mornings and evenings as they are capable of and so pay for their board and clothes. By this course we are enabled to carry a very considerable number more pupils than we are allowed appropriation for. It is plain that the real hindrance to Indian progress is found in their being kept entirely separated from the other masses of our population, and by every act of our government and every sentiment of its people, societies, missionary and others, made to feel that they are a separate people and must so remain forever. Through their education in separate schools, their home life upon prison reservations with their liberty of coming and going abridged to these reservations, with all their aspirations and ambitions so limited, there can be no healthy growth. To overcome these difficulties the Indian mind and the mind of the public as well as Congress must be educated to grant to them the enlarged privileges accorded to all other races. The boy will never learn to swim until he goes into the water, and the experiences of industrial life and civilized life through its associations and competitions will determine for the Indian and white the true status. We have had quite enough of the Sioux, Cheyenne, Comanche, etc., as Sioux, Cheyenne, Comanche, etc. We can end their existence among us as such separate people by a broad and generous system of English education and training, which will reach all the 50,000 children and in a very few years remove all our trouble from them as a separate people and as separate tribes among us, and instead of feeding clothing and caring for them from year to year, put them in condition to feed clothe and care for themselves. Our experiences in many individual cases in the last few years make it very evident that not only may we fit the Indian to take care of himself in his own home, but may fit him to go and come and abide in the land wherever he may choose, and so lose his identity. [Illustration: MANDAN HUT, DAKOTA.] THE HISTORY AND OUTLOOK OF THE INDIAN WORK TRANSFERRED TO THE A. M. A. PROF. ALFRED L. RIGGS. Just fifty years ago two Congregational young men from Connecticut, the Messrs. Samuel and Gideon Pond, pressed on into the heart of the then unknown continent to see what they could do for the Indian. They landed at Fort Snelling, in what is now Minnesota, and began their volunteer mission among an Eastern branch of the Dakota or Sioux nation. One year later the American Board sent out the Rev. Dr. Williamson on a tour of exploration, and the next year after that a mission was regularly established. The organized work gathered in the volunteers, and, moreover, according to the fashion of the times, Congregational relations disappeared and work was started on the Presbyterian basis. For years it was a slow, hard lift against the weight of heathenism and pride of race. Nowhere is race pride stronger than among the Indians. As is often the case, those who have least to be proud of vaunt themselves the most. So, while the Indian has to acknowledge that the white man is possessor of gifts that class him with the gods (the Dakota name for white man being the same as that he applies to his gods), and thus for the sake of his mysterious power he fears him, yet personally he despises him as different from himself and effeminate. And heathenism! Some would have us believe that it did not exist; that the Indian naturally was as good a Christian as need be. The courtesy of the Indian perhaps leads to this deceptive view. He will assent to everything you say rather than be so impolite as to contradict you. Then, too, his pantheism easily makes room for another god. So the white man’s god soon had his banner set up at their sacred rites together with the Stone god, the Day god, the Night god, the Thunder god, and the god of the North. But when Christ claims the whole of their worship, and belief in him is seen to require the giving up of their other faiths, and the casting away of their charms and incantations, then the antagonism of the unregenerate heart breaks out here as everywhere. And the magicians and “medicine men” are stirred up to bitter and unremitting warfare as soon as they discover that their craft is in danger. As if here were not enough obstacles to meet, there comes in the opposition begotten of the selfishness and dissoluteness of unprincipled white men. For years the fur trade was almost as much the enemy of missions as was the slave trade. The agents of this great enterprise were bound to keep the Indians hunters and trappers in order that their warehouses might be filled with furs. The fur trade also controlled the government, and even to-day its power is felt through laws made then for its benefit and that yet remain on the statute book. Hence in its day the fur trade was a foe to be dreaded, for it could exert its power in a thousand secret ways. It could break up schools, scare people away from religious meetings, and put a ban on the Christian teacher, if content to leave him alive. After thirty years of patient labor the reward seemed about to come. Christianity was proving its power to disintegrate heathenism, break down prejudice and survive the enmity of unprincipled white men. Then the outbreak and massacres of 1862 occurred, seemingly sweeping everything away. It was the death-struggle of heathenism, alarmed at the steady advance of Christianity. Other political causes and conditions merely made this outbreak possible. And yet what seemed annihilation was only multiplication and dissemination. Again was fulfilled the Scripture: “They that were scattered abroad went preaching the word.” And the conversion in the military prisons of hundreds as it were in a day, is one of the notable instances of the power of God’s spirit. Twenty years ago the field of Christian missions among the Dakotas was confined to a small section of the nation then dwelling in a corner of Minnesota. But now the field extends over the great Missouri valley and on northward toward the Saskatchawan in the British Possessions. The work whose beginnings we have noted, originally one under the American Board, has since been divided. In 1871, at the time of the general division of the missions of the American Board, that part of the Dakota Mission immediately under the charge of the venerable Dr. Williamson and his son, Rev. John P. Williamson, was transferred to the care of the Presbyterian Board of Foreign Missions. But the larger portion remained with the other veteran of the mission, Rev. Stephen B. Riggs, under the care of the American Board. And now with the year 1883 another transfer is made to the American Missionary Association. But the five native churches, with a membership of 340, that had meanwhile grown up about Sisseton Agency are graduated from foreign missions into a home mission connection, and so naturally pass under the care of the Presbyterian Home Mission Board. It is not within the scope of this short article to speak of the work accomplished by the Episcopal Mission in the same field, which had its beginning about thirty years later than the original Dakota Mission, and in recent years has had very considerable success. Nor can we speak particularly of the portion of our great field lying across the British line, for though we have furnished the native laborers it is not organically connected with us. But as for the rest of the original mission, even though divided, it works as one. It has one General Conference, and in all its publications and matters of common concern acts as one mission still. The statistics of the Dakota Mission, as thus defined, show 7 stations, 6 ordained missionaries, 26 assistant missionaries, 13 churches, 12 native pastors and preachers, 9 native teachers, and 847 church members, contributing during the past year $779.83 for their own missions among the heathen Indians, and $1,080.58 for pastoral support and church expenses. Of this there now passes directly to the care of the American Missionary Association 5 stations, with also an interest in the Native Missionary field at Devil’s Lake, 4 ordained missionaries, 21 assistant missionaries, 2 churches, Pilgrim Church at Santee and Shiloh Church at the Sully Station, with 8 native preachers, 5 native teachers, and a church membership of 194. As has been noticed, the organization of the work from the first has been on the Presbyterian model, and thus the fruits of the mission have mostly gone into the Presbyterian connection. The church at the Fort Sully Station was an exception. It was organized as a Congregational church. Nevertheless, this Presbyterian cast, this whole native force, is to be considered as one, and will be used by whichever denomination is ready to prosecute the work most vigorously, for the denominationalism of these churches is not of a radical type, as is instanced by the recent change of ecclesiastical relations on the part of the Pilgrim Church at Santee. This is the original mother church, but in order to come into closer and more sympathetic relations with the churches that support the Santee Training School, it voted cheerfully and almost unanimously to leave Presbytery and become Congregational. Indeed this is not hard for them to do, for Indians are naturally very democratic. In the work that may now be done for this people, SANTEE NORMAL TRAINING SCHOOL must be an important factor. It has vital relation to all these native churches, and it has a name among the heathen communities. Its growth has been slow, for it has taken time and work to instil the idea of a higher education into the minds of the people. Henceforth its growth might be rapid. It now has one hundred and one pupils in attendance, with seventeen instructors, including those in charge of the industrial and boarding departments. This winter a number of pupils have been turned away for lack of room. If accommodations could be provided, the number of pupils might soon be doubled. While giving great attention to industrial training, it affords unparalleled advantages for that training which is needed to make teachers suited to Indian schools. The school is the basis of evangelizing the Indian. There will be no large audiences to preach to, except on exceptional occasions, until the school has gathered a company of disciples. Certain persons not understanding the nature of missionary work, or unable to take more than a superficial view, have recently represented our schools as of low grade, and unnecessary to real missionary work. But this is contradicted by the grand progress of the work. We have spoken of five mission stations as now passing under the care of the A. M. A. But of these Standing Rock is hardly opened, and Berthold and Sully stations are sadly in need of reinforcements. And there are the large Indian Agencies of Spotted Tail’s and Red Cloud’s tribes, numbering about 7,000 each, which we ought to occupy. Then there is the Crow country in Montana, next door to our Berthold Mission. We should have at once six ordained missionaries and their wives, with as many more assistant missionaries, all picked men. This would enable us to manage a yet larger number of native missionary teachers working along with them. [Illustration: SISSETON GIRLS, WITH TEACHER.] The tribes speaking the Dakota language are the most numerous of any Indian people upon the continent. They are now universally open to Christianity and Christian civilization. They now look to Christian people for their future. Within the last ten or twelve years the whole temper of their mind has changed. The noted chief, Sitting Bull, is an illustration. Only a few years ago he hated the very wind that blew from the direction of the white man’s country. When the wind blew from the east he would send out the town crier to say, “Get you all into your teepees. This is bad air from the white man’s country.” But when it blew from the north his crier would proclaim, “Come out and breathe the healthy air.” And once when a woman of the tribe brought home a “rooster” from a distant trading post to enliven the tedium of her labor, Sitting Bull heard it crow and instantly dispatched his chief soldier to “soldier kill” the woman, that is, cut up her tent and kill her horses, for the crime of having that white man’s bird in the sacred precincts of a Dakota camp. But now the same Sitting Bull is petitioning for Christian teachers, and land, and domestic animals, and undoubtedly would also welcome “the-bird-that-crows-in-the-morning.” * * * * * INDIAN INDUSTRIES AT HAMPTON. BY GEN. S. C. ARMSTRONG. Every Indian boy who comes to Hampton is allowed his choice to learn farming or a trade, and to select the trade he prefers, to which he is expected to stick. They often wish to change after some months, for they are a fickle people. While this is by no means done as a matter of course, it has sometimes been found wise to do so. A boy who could do nothing at blacksmithing made remarkable progress in the wheelwright’s shop; one who is poor on the farm may be good in the shoe-shop, and _vice versa_; but it does not do to encourage shifting trades. The girls go through the same routine of housework, cooking, cutting and making and mending clothes. The boys are assigned to work as follows: carpenters, 15; painters, 1; tinsmiths, 6; shoe-makers, 13; harness-makers, 3; farmers, 13; blacksmiths, 3; wheelwrights, 3; tailors, 1. A generous lady in New York City has recently given $5,000 for an Indian workshop, which will be completed and occupied by the first of April next, and be a most satisfactory change from the shed in which they have for four years uncomfortably worked at their trades. Considering the past of the Indian, the disposition of our boys and girls to work is remarkable. The general rule is to work from seven to twelve o’clock, A.M., or from one to six o’clock, P.M., Saturday being holiday. Those who work mornings study afternoons, and _vice versa_. All are paid, girls as well as boys, usually at the rate of $2.50 per month, for to expect Indians to take a real interest in their work without some compensation is absurd. It is weak and foolish to reason that the skill they attain is enough compensation. Human nature requires something more. On the other hand they purchase all their underclothing and shoes with their earnings, and are thus taught the use of money and the true value of garments, and become quite skillful in buying. A school uniform is provided for each one, made in our tailoring department. Their appreciation of work is a direct contradiction to the statement that an Indian hates to labor. Frequently boys who are working a half-day at some trade will ask to be allowed to work the entire day, including Saturday, so as to earn more and be better able to take care of themselves when they go home. Their wages are then increased and they go to night school. Every such application is encouraging. Especially those who make extra time in the shops are inclined to save. They generally agree to draw but one-half of extra earnings, the other half being saved to buy them tools and other outfit when they shall finally leave school. We allow ten per cent. interest on all such savings; they are quick to see the advantage of laying up money. They seem to have no marked aptitude for special trades, unless it be for work in leather, shoe and harness-making. Their ancestors have dealt in this commodity more than in any other. They take to all handiwork remarkably; while quick to learn, they are slow to execute. They seldom bungle or “botch” a job. The first pair of shoes made by an apprentice is always serviceable. An Indian carpenter will make as good a mortise as a white one, but will take three times as long. Our expert harness-maker says he can do no better work than some of his boys, but they are very slow about it. We are constantly making and selling carts made by Sioux boys. They have made all our school benches, desks, wardrobes and wash-stands, besides window-frames, etc., for the outside market. We would be only too glad to make buggy or plow harness, single or double, tin-ware of all kinds and brogan shoes for individuals or institutions in the North or South, solely on the ground of the merit and cheapness of the work done. A neat carriage harness was made last summer for a lady in Newport, R.I. Of the 500 dozen articles of tinware, 75 sets of double plow harness, and 2,000 pairs of men’s shoes made last year by our Indian boys for the use of the Western tribes (ordered by the Indian Department at the lowest contract prices of the previous year) the New York inspectors reported: “They are as well and as strongly made, and for actual service fully equal to any purchased by the Department.” This year we are making an even larger amount of material for the Indian Department, but at prices which little more than cover cost of material. An outside private trade would be much more desirable. We were paid for men’s brogans “extra” good leather, $1.22½ per pair, boxed and delivered in New York City. Carlisle does even more than Hampton in supplying Indians, and with excellent success. Owing to bodily ailments, Indian labor is more unsteady than that of Negroes. While in their own life they have endurance, a steady routine of industry is new to them, and they are for our purposes a rather feeble race: they find digging exhausting, but on the hunter’s trail or on the warpath they are tireless when we would soon be weary. Unless every Indian child is educated to some occupation, teaching is of little account. Hard work rather than the higher studies gives them the best drill. As for all, so for Indians, home influence is a great thing. After the best practical education they are not fit for the loose, idle, dirty life of Indian camps any more than any other children. What is to be done? The best success with the thirty Sioux children who returned in October, 1881, to their agencies (five of them girls) has been with those to whom the agents gave separate rooms near the agencies, having their food cooked and their life led separately. An efficient agent will, by the care he takes, save four-fifths of our Indian graduates to decent lives; a careless, weak agent (and not a third of the sixty U.S. Indian Agents are first-class men) will lose four-fifths of them. We cannot make men of them in three years, but can give them a start in that time that a good agent can keep up, and lead them to true success. Here, more and more, we find the real trouble; not with the Indian, but in our miserable system of paying so small salaries to Indian agents that a competent one is the exception. The boy or girl who goes home finds no strong, kind friend to advise and help; the current of influence is against a Christian life. Here the missionary is needed; never more than now. Hampton, Carlisle and the many schools that are educating Indians need to be supplemented by good agents and wise missionaries who will help them to stand against the odds that would make the new life they have chosen nest to impossible. Here is the point of chief anxiety. Public sentiment must be felt at Washington before it shall remove the chief stumbling-block to Indian progress—poor agents. As Secretary Teller says in his last Report, the Indians are chiefly on reservations, and must for the present be treated there; to be gradually pushed upon lands of their own, individually, by the efforts of wise men and the influence of Christian education. REVIVAL WORK AMONG INDIANS AT HAMPTON. Miss Isabel B. Eustis, in giving an account of the revival meetings at Hampton, writes as follows of the Indians: Meanwhile at one end of the chapel there sat a company of one hundred who took no part in the service. The Indian students watched with wondering and wistful eyes the scenes around them. “Pass me not, O Gentle Saviour,” they sang often in their own services during these days, and the Lord heard their cry and turned aside and called them too. Stago, our fiery little Apache boy, heard his voice, and set hard to work to conquer his temper and self-will. The quick-witted, ambitious, head-strong girl, whose influence over the other scholars we dreaded, listened, and her hard expression softened, and the stubborn will yielded, and with gentleness and humility she met the daily requirements which had often roused her rebellious spirit before. Shallow natures grew earnest and proud, and we knew that there was one walking with the Indian students too who could purify and inspire and help. On Wednesday evening our senior Indian boy, of his own accord, left his class and took his seat with the other Indian scholars. Waiting his opportunity, he rose and called the attention of the school to those who sat behind him. He reminded me of the darkness out of which they had come, and of the dangers to which they must return. He told us that they longed for a share in the blessing God was giving the school, and asked our patience while they prayed to the Father, and spoke of Him in a language we could not understand. Kamnach rose first. Kamnach came to the school four years ago, directly from his wild Indian life. His hair was uncut; he wore Indian clothes; he had been always familiar with scenes of bloodshed, and placed little value on human life. After three years he went back to his home, a changed man we thought in appearance and heart. But it was hard to stand among his savage comrades. He plead to come back to school. He was a happy boy, when, less than a year ago, he placed his foot again on Hampton soil. Poor boy! he had yet to learn that always his worst temptations would come from his own distorted heart. Some misunderstanding of his position as a returned student, some distrust of those who were over him, and he fell into passionate hatred, and was ready to commit a deliberate and deadly crime. We thought his repentance would be quick and deep, but not so. The first Sunday of the new year, the anniversary of the day on which he confessed Christ, he had no heart to meet the Lord, whose first command was to love and forgive. But the passing Saviour’s voice reached him now. He stood before the crowded school, and with the help of an interpreter acknowledged his sin, and renewed his allegiance to the Saviour, and begged the Indian students to follow the Lord Jesus, though they would find many things in His religion hard to understand and difficult to do. After Kamnach’s confession a Sioux boy made a prayer. He spoke in another tongue, but more than one felt his heart was lifted to the Father’s heart by the earnestness and pathos of the stranger’s voice. Another tried to speak in broken English. Missing the words he wanted to say, waiting and struggling for confession, he acknowledged Jesus Christ as the Saviour of his soul. Our hearts were knit together in love. We knew that we belonged to one common family and nothing could separate from the love of Christ. Evidently the son of God who came to save the lost finds nothing in the Indian nature he cannot soften and subdue. Evidently the Indian is able to place his confidence in such a Saviour and yield himself in glad obedience to Him. CHILDREN’S PAGE. * * * * * [Illustration: INDIAN HUT.] THE LITTLE INDIAN OF CLEAR LAKE. ABRIDGED FROM GOSPEL IN ALL LANDS. Did you ever see an Indian—a real, live Indian—in bead-embroidered buck-skin coat and breeches, girded with a curiously wrought wampum belt, shod with moccasins, his face painted black and red, his hair bristling, like a porcupine’s back, with a gay forest of feathers—as he dashed through the woods or over the prairie, on a wild horse, or strode along proudly on foot, with bow and arrows in his hands, and a large tomahawk and scalping-knife in his girdle? You have seen him in the pictures, at least, and thought him a fine sight; and perhaps you felt in your heart that it must be fine to live such a wild, daring life, hunting, fishing and roaming in the woods and over the fields. But all Indians are not like him. Tribes differ very much in their character and habits. Besides, they are never quite so brave and fine in real life as they are in pictures. Most of them are poor miserable creatures; and if you should go into one of their wigwams of sticks and barks, and see their naked bodies, filthy faces and tangled hair, as they squat in the smoke and stench around a little fire, on the bare earth, in the middle of the shanty, snatching at poor food with dirty fingers, like a pack of ravenous wolves. I do not believe you would think it very fine, ever after have the least desire to live like an Indian. The little boy of our story was born and lived on the shores of Clear Lake, a fine sheet of water among the mountains, thirty or forty miles north of Napo Valley. Like all his mates, he was so short and thick that he seemed to be about as broad as he was long. His skin was not copper-colored like that of most other Indians, but black. His face was broad and round, his lips thick and pouting, and his nose wide and flat. His long coarse hair, all tangled and matted, dangled around his high cheek-bones and above his naked shoulders, like the shaggy mane of a Canadian pony, and half hid his coarse, brutal features: a pair of small, round, dull eyes, like leaden bullets, made the treacherous expression that slept in every line of his features seem ten-fold more revolting. His wigwam, or lodge, was nothing but a rude screen of bushes or skins to break the force of the wind. You would not think it very nice or comfortable, but he did, and could sleep just as well there, or on the ground beside a large stone, or behind the stump of a fallen tree as you do on the softest feathers. But he never slept two nights in the same place, for fear of being discovered by an enemy and murdered. It is a hard and cheerless life which those little Indian children lead, as you can easily see, but the life of this little Indian was especially so; for his father and mother had both been murdered, and he had no friends to care for him any more kindly than they would care for a dog; and even the _Hias Tyee_, or Big Chief of the tribe, whose duty it was to see that this little waif on the stormy sea of Indian life was provided for, thought only to get some advantage out of him; and so, when he saw a white man camping one day on the shores of the lake, he brought down the boy and offered to sell him for ten dollars. It proved to be a kind, good-hearted man, who saw that the little fellow was friendless and forlorn, and so the bargain was soon closed, and he became servant to the “pale-face” till he was twenty-one years old, on condition of receiving his food and clothing. On reaching home, the first thing, of course, was to clip off his dangling locks, give him a thorough scrubbing with soap and brush, and cover his black nakedness with decent clothing. That afternoon, when the pigs were fed, he was found with his nose in the trough eating sour milk with the animals as if he had been one of them. At night nothing could persuade him to sleep in a room or on a bed; and after dark, when the family had retired to rest, he stole out of the house as slyly as a cat, and hid himself away in the tall weeds beside the fence. Every night for many weeks he did the same, and was so fearful of being murdered in his sleep that he changed his nest every night, never daring to sleep twice in the same spot. His tongue was constantly telling lies, and he would steal everything he fancied that came in his way. He seemed to have no idea of right and wrong. He could not comprehend what such words as love and duty and kindness meant. Fear was the only motive which had the least influence in controlling him. Even the difference between cleanliness and dirt was a thought too sublime and profound for his understanding. But he could believe in ghosts and haunting spirits of dead men, like most other ignorant and barbarous people; and he thought they lingered around every stump and tree, and followed him wherever he went. He could hear them fluttering in the leaves, or rapping on the limbs and trunks of the trees, or whispering in the wind. He supposed they took possession of the bodies of men and animals, and caused them to sing and dance, and do all sorts of silly tricks, by a kind of inspiration. He had some notions of the Great Spirit, it is true, but they were confused and indistinct, and had little power over him, while a slavish fear of the inferior spirits and other such ghostly nonsense tormented him night and day, and made him a timid, miserable, degraded, creature. Had you seen him in that condition you would have thought it impossible to make anything good out of such a stupid little animal. You would have said it was of no use to try to teach a creature so brutal and superstitious anything about God and heaven, and a higher life, or even about the decencies of civilized society. But a kind lady took him under her care. She taught him to read and write. She showed him the folly of believing in ghosts, and talking with the spirits. She told him the story of Jesus, and made him learn the ten commandments, and the precious words of the Saviour, and explained to him how God made him, and fed, and clothed, and kept him, day by day, and that he ought to love Him, and do right in return for His kindness. She impressed him with the thought that God is angry with wicked boys and girls every day, and that only the pure in heart, whose lives are good, can be happy on earth, or go to heaven when they die. At first he was stupid and stubborn, and unwilling to learn; but after a little while his stolid face began to brighten, his dull eyes sparkled with unusual interest, and he was more and more attentive, till his coarse, animal features wore an entirely new expression. One day he came in with a very serious look, and said in an earnest tone: “Mistress, oh me got bad heart! Ask Great Spirit to give me better heart.” He was told to ask for himself; and then the poor little child of the Great Father went into his own room alone and shut the door, and kneeled down beside the bed and prayed, oh! so earnestly, that God would forgive his sins for Jesus’ sake, and take away his wicked feelings, and show him how to be good. From that moment he was a changed boy. His bad habits were all laid aside. He ceased to be stupid and stubborn and inattentive. He told no more lies, and pilfered no more. His face glowed with kindly feeling, as if a ray from heaven were sleeping on it. His coarse features lost their repulsive expression and became rather pleasant to see. I am sure there was rejoicing in heaven that day over this little stray lamb from the wilderness; and I do not doubt that when God gathers up his jewels from the earth the poor Indian boy will be a precious gem in the Saviour’s crown of glory. RECEIPTS FOR FEBRUARY, 1883. * * * * * MAINE, $261.26. Augusta. South Cong. Ch. and Soc., 55 (30 of which from Barrett E. Potter to const. REV. HENRY V. EMMONS L. M.); “A Friend,” 5 $60.00 Blue Hill. Bbl. of C., _for Wilmington, N.C._ Brownsville. Cong. Ch. 18.00 Brunswick. Bbl. of C., val. 20, and 2.56 for freight, _for Selma, Ala._ 2.56 Camden. E. D. Mansfield, 6; A. Howe and Wife, 3; J. H., 1 10.00 Gardiner. Two Bbls. of C., and 4.25 for freight, _for Selma, Ala._ 4.25 New Sharon. Cong. Ch. 5.00 Portland. Rev. I. P. Warren, D.D., 50, to const. MISS E. A. STANWOOD L. M.; Plymouth Ch., 43, to const. C. S. D. GRIFFEN L. M. 93.00 Scarborough. “Friend in Cong. Ch.” 50.00 Skowhegan. “Friends,” by Mrs. L. W. Weston, _for Tillotson C. & N. Inst._ 8.00 South Berwick. Ladies of Cong. Ch. and Soc., Bbl. of C., _for Wilmington, N.C._ Union. Bbl of C., _for Selma, Ala._ West Falmouth. Bbl. of C. and 2.25 _for Freight, for Selma, Ala._ 2.25 Woolwich. “Morning Glories” 3.20 ——. “A Friend.” 5.00 NEW HAMPSHIRE, $419.05. Claremont. “Friends,” by Miss L. D. Fairbank, _for Student Aid, Atlanta U._ 16.00 Concord. North Cong. Ch., Bbl. of C. _for Tougaloo U._ Exeter. “A Friend” 30.00 Fisherville. “Friends,” to const. JOHN C. PEARSON L.M. 30.00 Francestown. Cong. Ch., 20; Aaron Fisher, 5 25.00 Goffstown. Cong. Ch., Box of C. _for Marion, Ala._ Lancaster. Cong. Ch. 10.13 Littleton. Mrs. B. W. Kilborn 5.00 Londonderry. C. S. P. 1.00 Lyme. —— 11.00 Manchester. First Cong. Ch., to const. GEO. W. O. TEBBITTS L. M. 58.16 Mount Vernon. Cong. Ch. 6.72 Newport. Cong. Ch. 77.11 Pittsfield. Cong. Ch., 20.93; Dr. John Wheeler and Wife, 10 30.93 Sanbornton. Cong. Ch. 15.00 ——. “A Friend” 3.00 ------- $319.05 LEGACY. Londonderry. Estate of Josiah Sleeper, by James C. Taylor, Admr. 100.00 ------- $419.05 VERMONT, $289.64. Barnet. Sab. Sch. Scholars 5.00 Bennington. Second Cong. Ch. 73.67 East Corinth. Cong. Sab. Sch. 5.18 Essex Center. Mrs. L. C. B. 0.50 Greensborough. Cong. Ch. 17.00 Hubbardton. Mrs. James Flagg, _for John Brown Steamer_ 5.00 McIndoes Falls. Cong. Ch. 13.00 Morgan. L. L. 0.50 Pittsford. Cong. Ch. 48.50 Saint Albans. First Cong. Ch. 65.25 Strafford. Cong. Ch. 25.00 Wallingford. Cong. Ch. and Soc., Bbl. of C., 1.65, _for Freight, for Tougaloo, Miss._ 1.65 West Hartford. Cong. Ch. 6.22 Wilton. Cong. Ch. 2.50 Windham. Cong. Sab. Sch. 4.20 Woodstock. Cong. Ch. and Soc. 16.47 Ladies of Benson, Greensborough, New Haven, Rochester and West Townshend, Basted patchwork, _for Storrs Sch., Atlanta, Ga._ MASSACHUSETTS, $1,842.51 Adams. Sab. Sch. Class, Cong. Ch., by W. B. Green 12.00 Amesbury and Salisbury. Union Evan. Ch. and Soc. 4.07 Amherst. “A Friend,” by Miss E. W. Beaman, _for Student Aid, Atlanta U._ 20.00 Andover. Free Ch., _for furnishing, Straight U._ 40.00 Auburndale. Rev. Calvin Cutter, _for Student Aid, Fisk U._ 50.00 Bernardston. Ladies, Patchwork, _for Storrs Sch., Atlanta. Ga._ Billerica. Orthodox Cong. Sab. Sch., _for Student Aid, Atlanta U._ 4.50 Boston. Mrs. Nancy B. Curtiss, 200; “Boston,” 1 201.00 Boston. Cong. Pub. Soc., Pkg. Singing Books, _for Macon, Ga._ Curtisville. Mrs. Frances M. Clarke 2.00 Dalton. Cong. Sab. Sch., _for Student Aid, Atlanta U._ 50.00 Dracut. Center Cong. Ch. 10.00 East Somerville. Mrs. Buswell’s S. S. Class, Franklin St. Ch., _for Santee Agency, Dakota M._ 10.00 East Somerville. Young Ladies’ Mission Circle, Franklin St. Ch., _for Student Aid, Dakota M._ 50.00 Fall River. Third Cong. Ch. 21.80 Fitchburg. Rollstone Ch., Bbl. Stores, _for furnishing room, Straight U._ Gilbertville. Cong. Sab. Sch., _for Student Aid, Fisk U._ 10.00 Great Barrington. E. P. 0.50 Hadley. First Ch. Sab. Sch., 15.62; Mrs. D. H. Dickinson, 4.50 20.12 Harwich. “Ready and Willing Band,” 2 Bbls. of C., one Val., 25, _for Atlanta, Ga._; one Val. 35, _for Marietta, Ga._ Haverhill. West Cong. Ch. 7.56 Ipswich. First Cong. Ch., Bbl. C, _for Atlanta U._ Jamaica Plain. Central Cong. Ch. (_Special_) 50.00 Leverett. First Cong. Ch. Sab. Sch. 5.00 Littleton. “A Friend” 50.00 Littleton. “Friends,” _for Student Aid, Atlanta U._ 10.00 Lowell. Eliot Ch., 60; L. Kimball, 50 110.00 Maplewood. Ladies’ Social Union, Bbl. of C. and 1 for freight, _for Wilmington, N.C._ 1.00 Maynard. Pkg. Papers Millbury. M. D. Garfield 5.00 Newburyport. Miss Tyler, 5; S. S. Class, 1, _for Washington, D.C._ 6.00 Newton Highlands. Ladies of Cong. Ch., 2.95, and Eleven Comforters, _for Fisk U._ 2.95 New Salem. Cong. Ch. 10.02 Northampton. A. L. Williston 500.00 Northfield. W. S. E. Shaw, Box C. and 1, _for Macon, Ga._ 1.00 North Beverly. Second Cong. Sab. Sch. 6.00 Peru. Cong. Sab. Sch. 6.00 Princeton. Cong. Ch. 7.00 Shelburne Falls. Cong. Ch. and Soc., 10.79; Rev. G. A. P., 1 11.79 Southborough. Pilgrim Evan. Ch. 13.09 South Boston. E. St. Cong. Ch. and Soc. 6.00 South Braintree. A. P. W. 1.00 South Royalston. Second Cong. Ch. 12.12 South Wellfleet. Second Cong. Ch. 2.00 Springfield. Memorial Ch., 44; Mrs. R. K., 50c 44.50 Sterling. Cong. Ch. 3.15 Tewksbury. Cong. Ch. 11.00 Townsend. Cong. Ch. 8.72 Upton. A. W. Aldrich 4.70 Waltham. Trin. Cong. Ch. 44.34 Watertown. “Friends” 5.00 Westborough. Evan. Cong. Ch. 84.75 Wellesley Hills. Ladies Charitable Soc. of Cong. Ch., Bbl. of C., Val. 54, _for Talladega C._ Westminster. —— 10.00 Worcester. M. Wheeler, Pkg. Pamphlets Westborough. “Friends,” by Freedmen’s Aid Soc., _for Student Aid, Atlanta U._ 20.00 West Boxford. Cong. Ch. 6.00 Westfield. “Girls’ Guild” of Second Cong. Ch., _for Dakota Home_ 31.50 West Springfield. First Cong. Ch., 31; Park St. Ch., 15 46.00 -------- $1,649.18 LEGACY. Woburn. Estate of Sarah H. Holden, by Geo. H. Holden, Adm. 193.33 -------- $1,842.51 RHODE ISLAND, $72.56. Central Falls. Cong. Ch. 66.56 Newport. D. B. Fitts 5.00 Providence.——-, _for Washington, D.C._ 1.00 CONNECTICUT, $1,394.10. Andover. “A Friend.” 11.50 Berlin. “J. W.” 10.00 Canton Center. Wm. G. Hallock 5.00 Colchester. “A Sister in First Cong. Ch.,” _for John Brown Steamer_ 3.00 Durham. Dea. Gaylord Newton, 5; H. N. Fowler, 5 10.00 Enfield. First Cong. Ch., _for Library, Straight U._ 25.00 Glenville. “A Widow.” 0.50 Hartford. Mrs. E. Hills 400.00 Hartford. Asylum Hill Cong. Sab. Sch., _for Atlanta U._ 25.00 Hebron. “A. H. P.,” _for Student Aid, Tougaloo U._ 10.00 Ledyard. Cong. Ch. 15.30 Meriden. Ida Pinks’ Class. First Cong. Ch. Sab. Sch., _for Tillotson C. & N. Inst._ 1.00 Meriden. Homer Curtiss, 1 Doz. Table Forks, _for Atlanta U._ Middle Haddam. Second Cong. Ch. 21.20 New Fairfield. Cong. Ch. 12.60 New London. “P. O. H.” 2.00 Newtown. Cong. Ch. 10.00 Northville. Miss E. R., _for Lady Missionary, Atlanta, Ga._ 1.00 Norwich. Second Cong. Ch. Sab. Sch. Miss’y Soc., _for Student Aid, Atlanta U._ 50.00 Norwich. First Cong. Ch. 5.05 Plantsville. Dea. T. Higgins, _for Atlanta U._ 100.00 Plantsville. Cong. Sab. Sch., _for Tillotson C. and N. Inst._ 15.00 Pomfret. First Cong. Ch. 53.00 Salisbury. Cong. Ch. 53.97 Terryville. A. G. Gaylord, _for Student Aid, Fisk U._ 50.00 Thomaston. Cong. Ch. 36.88 Thompson. Cong. Ch. and Soc. 15.60 Tompsonville. T. I. Pease, _for Library Straight U._ 33.50 Unionville. First Cong. Ch., _for Talladega C._ 27.98 Warren. First Cong. Ch. 40.25 Waterbury. First Cong. Ch. 206.40 West Brook. Cong. Ch., to const. ERNEST E. SPENCER L. M. 37.37 West Suffield. Cong. Sab. Sch., _for S. S., Straight U._ 5.00 Woodbury. Mrs. J. E. B. S., _for Student Aid, Fisk U._ 1.00 -------- $1,294.10 LEGACY. New London. Trust Estate of Henry P. Haven, _for Furniture, Straight U._ 100.00 -------- $1,394.10 NEW YORK, $2,836.72. Auburn. John F. Hemenway 2.00 Brooklyn. Central Cong. Sab. Sch., _for Missionaries at Fernandina, Fla., and Ladies’ Island, S.C._ 175.00 Brooklyn. “An Oberlin Student of 1835,” _for Lady Missionary, Atlanta, Ga._ 10.00 Brooklyn. “A Lady, by Aunt Patience,” 5 and bundle of patchwork, _for Lady Missionary, Wilmington, N.C._ 5.00 Canandaigua. First Cong. Ch. and Soc. 57.28 Clarkson. Oliver Babcock 5.00 Clifton Springs. Mrs. H. L. C 1.00 Comstock’s. Russell Ranney 5.00 Greenville. F. H. W. 0.50 Hamilton. Second Cong. Ch. 17.48 Homer. Cong. Ch., 153.10; Cong. Sab. Sch., 10 163.10 Honeoye. Cong. Ch., 42.40; Sab Sch., 10 52.40 Lockport. First Cong. Ch., 7; and Sab. Sch., 75, to const. MRS. L. A. DIETRICKS and MISS JENNIE DUQUETTE L. Ms 82.00 Maine. Cong. Ch., 11.35; Sab. Sch., 4.50; “Pastor,” 4.15 20.00 Mexico. G. W. French, _for Student Aid, Lewis High Sch._ 2.00 Morristown. Cong. Ch. 4.27 Munnsville. T. B. Rockwell 5.00 New York. F. P. Shumway 5.00 New York. D. Appleton & Co., 75 Copies Fourth Reader Ovid. David W. Kinne 4.50 Parma. Mrs. Anna Hathaway, _for Lady Missionary, Atlanta, Ga._ 3.00 Union Falls. Mrs. Fanny D. Duncan, 10., Francis E. Duncan, 10 20.00 Volney. First Cong. Ch. 18.00 Walton. First Cong. Ch. 61.33 Warsaw. Cong. Soc., 24.77, and Sab. Sch., 33.14 57.91 Waterville. Ladies Benev. Soc., 19.35 and Box of C., _for Student Aid, Fisk U._ 19.35 West Bloomfield. Cong. Ch. and Soc. 37.60 West Bloomfield. Cong. Ch. Bbl. of C., _for Fisk U._ West Chazy. Daniel Bassett 3.00 ------ $836.72 LEGACY. New York. Estate of Francis P. Schoals, by Trustees 2,000.00 -------- $2,836.72 NEW JERSEY, $46.00. Newark. “A Friend” 5.00 Newark. Benev. Assn. of Park Presb. Ch., _for furnishing Room, Straight U._ 35.00 Newark. Mrs. M. G. B., _for John Brown Steamer_ 1.00 New Brunswick. Mrs. S. L. Chester 5.00 PENNSYLVANIA, $25.50. Coudersport. “Friends” 5.00 East Springfield. Mrs. C. J. Cowles 1.50 Hermitage. W. F. Stewart 5.00 Summersville. Horace Summers 11.00 Wurtemburgh. Mrs. M. Lacey, 2; Mrs. D. U. L., 1 3.00 OHIO, $131.50. Atwater. Ladies, by Mrs. J. M. White, _for Books, Straight U._ 6.50 Bellefontaine. Mrs. J. L., _for Lady Missionary, Atlanta, Ga._ 1.00 Chagrin Falls. “Earnest Workers” _for Student Aid, Tougaloo U._ 10.00 Cincinnati. F. W. C. Crane 2.00 Columbus. Ladies Miss’y Soc. of First Cong. Ch., 15; Mrs. James L. Bates, 5 20.00 Columbus. C. Coit, _for Library, Macon Ga._ 5.00 Harrison. Dr. John D. Bowles 5.00 Newark. Mr. and Mrs. Lewis Jones 4.50 Norwalk. “A Friend” 15.00 Oberlin. Harris Lewis 5.00 Pittsford. “D.” 1.00 South Salem. Daniel S. Pricer 5.00 Tallmadge. Rev. L. Shaw, Pkg. Bibles and Testaments Toledo. Edson Allen, _for Lady Missionary, Raleigh, N.C._ 5.00 Wakeman. Second Cong. Ch. Sab. Sch., _for Student Aid, Fisk U._ 38.50 West Farmington. Cong. Sab. Sch. 7.00 Youngstown. J. D. W. 1.00 INDIANA, $1.00. Michigan City. “Golden Links of Cong. Ch.” _for Student Aid, Atlanta, U._ 1.00 ILLINOIS, $653.54. Aurora. Cong. Ch. Sab. Sch., _for Student Aid, Fisk U._ 25.00 Avon. Mrs. C. W. 1.00 Batavia. C. N. Cooper 5.00 Belvidere. M. C. Foote 2.50 Camp Point. Mrs. Anna Reynolds 50.00 Chicago. First Cong. Ch., 142.06; New Eng. Ch., 62.55; Mrs. E. F. Rice, 5 209.61 Farmington. Cong. Ch. Sab. Sch., _for Student Aid, Fisk U._ 7.75 Freeport. L. A. Warner 25.00 Galesburg. First Ch. of Christ 26.70 Knoxville. W. A. 1.00 Millburn. Ladies’ Miss’y Soc., _for Lady Missionary, Mobile, Ala._ 5.00 Moline. Thomas Jewett, 50 _for Agricultural Implements_, 50 _for Student Aid, Tougaloo U._ 100.00 Morris. Cong. Ch., 18; Sab. Sch., 2.25 20.25 Nora. G. W. Warner 5.00 Oak Park. Boys’ Class in Sab. Sch., _for Student Aid, Talladega C._ 19.10 Paxton. “A Friend” 25.00 Paxton. Cong. Sab. Sch., 1.50; “A Friend,” 9, _for Student Aid, Atlanta U._ 10.50 Quincy. Joshua Perry 10.00 Sheffield. A. W. Boyden (New Year’s Offering) 100.00 Sheffield. Cong. Ch. Sab. Sch. 5.13 MICHIGAN, $271.82. Ann Arbor. First Cong. Ch. 77.12 Detroit. Woodward Av. Sab. Sch. 67.00 Grand Rapids. Cong. Sab. Sch., _for Rev. J. H. H. Sengstacke_ 10.00 Hubbardston. Cong. Ch. 4.00 Kalamazoo. J. W. S., _for John Brown Steamer_ 1.00 Lansing. Prof. R. C. Kedzie 10.00 Muskegon. Cong. Ch. 30.00 Olivet. Cong. Ch., 25.35; Mrs. M. R., 50c 25.85 Parma. Mrs. M. B. Tanner 2.00 Plymouth. Cong. Ch. 5.00 Portland. Ladies’ Miss’y Soc., _for Student Aid, Fisk U._ 10.00 Saint Johns. First Cong. Ch. 18.85 Utica. “Member of First Cong. Ch.” 10.00 Vermontville. Mrs. H., _for Tillotson C. & N. Inst._ 1.00 IOWA, $253.97. Cedar Rapids. Mrs. R. D. Stephens, _for Lady Missionary, New Orleans, La._ 25.00 Clinton. First Cong. Ch. 40.00 Denmark. Cong. Sab. Sch. 46.93 Dubuque. First Cong. Ch. 60.50 Grinnell. Woman’s Miss’y Soc. of Plym. Ch., _for Lady Missionary, New Orleans, La._ 30.00 Lansing. Lizzie H. Avery 5.00 Magnolia. Cong. Ch., 20; Sab. Sch., 5 25.00 Marion. “Willing Workers,” _for Straight U._ 12.00 Montour. Ladies’ Miss’y Soc. 5.75 Wittenbergh. Cong. Sab. Sch. 3.79 WISCONSIN, $222.77. Beloit. Second Cong. Ch., 25.67; “Sale of Beads,” 5 30.67 Brandon. “Busy Bees,” 9.40; Cong. Sab. Sch., 7.10, _for Student Aid, Tougaloo U._ 16.50 Columbus. Ladies’ Miss’y Soc., _for Lady Missionary, Montgomery, Ala._ 8.50 Cooksville. Edward Gilley 5.00 Eau Claire. Cong. Ch., _for Student Aid, Fisk U._ 25.00 Fox Lake. Cong. Ch. 10.88 Green Bay. First Presb. Ch. 20.47 Kenosha. R. M. 0.50 Menasha. Cong. Ch. 30.00 Menomonee. Cong. Ch. and Sab. Sch., _for Student Aid, Fisk U._ 12.75 Milwaukee. Sixth St. Cong. Sab. Sch. 10.00 Sheboygan. “Friends,” Box Books and Papers, and 2, _for Macon, Ga._ 2.00 Stoughton. Mrs. E. B. S. 0.50 ——. “A Friend,” _for Student Aid, Atlanta U._ 50.00 MINNESOTA, $142.65. Leech Lake. Henry J. King to const. MRS. SARAH L. KING L. M. 30.00 Minneapolis. Plymouth Ch. 22.65 Minneapolis. Plymouth Ch., _for Straight U._ 59.00 Minneapolis. Pilgrim Ch. Sab. Sch. _for Student Aid, Fisk U._ 30.00 St. Paul. Miss A. B., _for Lady Missionary, Atlanta, Ga._ 1.00 MISSOURI, $1.00. St. Louis. Rev. C. L. G. 1.00 KANSAS, $40.40. Burlington. Cong. Ch. 15.00 Garden City. Cong. Ch. 2.75 Great Bend. Second Cong. Ch. 5.25 Manhattan. First Cong. Ch. Sab. Sch. 17.40 NEBRASKA, $7.72. Ashland. Cong. Ch. 5.72 Maniland. Cong. Ch. 2.00 OREGON, $10.00. The Dalles. First. Cong. Ch. 10.00 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, $13.00. Washington. Mrs. A. N. Bailey, _for John Brown Steamer_ 10.00 Washington. “Little Rills of Llensmary,” by Rev. M. Porter Snell 2.00 Washington. “Friend,” _for Washington, D.C._ 1.00 KENTUCKY, $95.80. Berea. Sab. Sch., _for John Brown Steamer_ 7.05 Williamsburgh. Tuition 88.75 TENNESSEE, $468.30. Memphis. Le Moyne Sch. 212.50 Nashville. Fisk U., Tuition 255.80 NORTH CAROLINA, $216.30. Raleigh. Tuition 0.80 Wilmington. Normal Sch., Tuition, 210.50; Cong. Ch., 5 215.50 SOUTH CAROLINA, $10.00. Charleston. Cong. Ch. 10.00 GEORGIA, $719.10. Atlanta. Storrs Sch., Tuition, 192.84; Rent, 3 195.84 Atlanta. First Cong. Ch. and Sab. Sch. 52.50 Atlanta. First. Cong. Ch., 55 _for Student Aid, Atlanta U._, and 10.50 _for Student Aid, Storrs Sch._ 65.50 Macon. Lewis High Sch., Tuition 153.86; Rent, 8; Cong. Ch., 5 166.86 McIntosh. Dorchester Academy, Tuition 32.45 Marietta. First. Cong. Ch. and Sab. Sch., _for Student Aid, Atlanta U._ 10.60 Savannah. Beach Inst., 145.35; Rent, 10; Cong. Ch. 20 175.35 Savannah. Cong. Sab. Sch., _for Student Aid, Atlanta U._ 20.00 ALABAMA, $37.40. Montgomery. Cong. Ch. 10.00 Selma. Cong. Ch. 18.20 Selma. Tuition 9.50 MISSISSIPPI, $183.00. Tougaloo. Tougaloo U., Tuition 183.00 LOUISIANA, $125.00. New Orleans. Straight U., Tuition 125.00 TEXAS, $281.50. Austin. Tillotson C. & N. Inst., Tuition 281.50 INCOMES, $60.00. Gen. C. B. Fisk Fund, _for Fisk U._ 30.00 Belden Scholarship Fund, _for Talladega C._ 30.00 CANADA, $1.00. Caledonia. A. C. B. 1.00 ENGLAND, $53.50. London, Stratford. Cong. Ch. Sab. Sch. _for Student Aid, Fisk U._, £10 48.50 York. Mrs. L. H. R. Clark, _for Cottage, Atlanta U._ 5.00 --------- Total $11,187.91 Total from Oct. 1 to Feb 28 96,743.02 ========== FOR AMERICAN MISSIONARY. Subscriptions $105.73 Previously acknowledged 336.86 ------ Total $442.59 H. W. HUBBARD, Treas. 56 Reade St., N.Y. * * * * * AIM AND WORK. To preach the Gospel to the poor. It originated in a sympathy with the almost friendless slaves. Since Emancipation it has devoted its main efforts to preparing the FREEDMEN for their duties as citizens and Christians in America, and as missionaries in Africa. As closely related to this, it seeks to benefit the caste-persecuted CHINESE in America, and to co-operate with the Government in its humane and Christian policy toward the INDIANS. STATISTICS FOR 1882. CHURCHES: _In the South_—In District of Columbia, 1; Virginia, 1; North Carolina, 9; South Carolina, 2; Georgia, 14; Kentucky, 7; Tennessee, 4; Alabama, 14; Kansas, 2; Arkansas, 1; Louisiana, 17; Mississippi, 5; Texas, 6. _Africa_, 3. _Among the Indians_, 2. Total, 88. INSTITUTIONS FOUNDED, FOSTERED OR SUSTAINED IN THE SOUTH.—_Chartered_: Hampton, Va.; Berea, Ky.; Talladega, Ala.; Atlanta, Ga.; Nashville, Tenn.; Tougaloo, Miss.; New Orleans, La., and Austin, Tex.—8. _Graded or Normal Schools_: Wilmington, N.C.; Charleston, Greenwood, S.C.; Savannah, Macon, Atlanta, Ga.; Montgomery, Mobile, Athens, Selma, Ala.; Memphis, Tenn.—11. _Other Schools_, 38. Total, 57. TEACHERS, MISSIONARIES AND ASSISTANTS.—Among the Freedmen, 336; among the Chinese, 31; among the Indians, 6; in Africa, 16. Total, 389. STUDENTS.—In theology, 72; law, 38; in college course, 104; in other studies, 9,404. Total, 9,608. Scholars taught by former pupils of our schools, estimated at 150,000. Indians under the care of the Association, 13,000. WANTS. 1. A steady INCREASE of regular income to keep pace with the growing work. This increase can only be reached by _regular_ and _larger_ contributions from the churches, the feeble as well as the strong. 2. ADDITIONAL BUILDINGS for our higher educational institutions, to accommodate the increasing numbers of students; MEETING HOUSES for the new churches we are organizing; MORE MINISTERS, cultured and pious, for these churches. 3. HELP FOR YOUNG MEN, to be educated as minsters here and missionaries to Africa—a pressing want. * * * * * [Illustration] HORSFORD’S ACID PHOSPHATE. (LIQUID.) FOR DYSPEPSIA, MENTAL AND PHYSICAL EXHAUSTION, NERVOUSNESS, DIMINISHED VITALITY, URINARY DIFFICULTIES, ETC. PREPARED ACCORDING TO THE DIRECTION OF Prof. E. N. Horsford, of Cambridge, Mass. There seems to be no difference of opinion in high medical authority of the value of phosphoric acid, and no preparation has ever been offered to the public which seems to so happily meet the general want as this. It is not nauseous, but agreeable to the taste. No danger can attend its use. Its action will harmonize with such stimulants as are necessary to take. It makes a delicious drink with water and sugar only. Prices reasonable. Pamphlet giving further particulars mailed free on application. MANUFACTURED BY THE RUMFORD CHEMICAL WORKS, Providence, R.I., AND FOR SALE BY ALL DRUGGISTS. * * * * * [Illustration] THE ESTEY ORGAN will deserve the reputation of former years by the continued addition of all the embellishments and improvements that costly and skilled artisans can produce. Illustrated Catalogues, with elegant and varied styles, sent free to all applicants. J. ESTEY & CO., Brattleboro, Vt. * * * * * COMFORT FOR THE SICK. QUITE NEW. THE SCRIPTURE AND SONG COMFORTER.—A new selection of verses and hymns for each day in the month. This selection of words of warning and supplication and precept and promise will be a very desirable companion. Large folio sheets, with text in large type, bound in book form to hang upon the wall, and so arranged as to be changed every day in the month. Price, 75 cents. THE OTHER “SILENT COMFORTERS” ARE: THE SILENT COMFORTER NO. 1.—For every household, for tents, hospitals or the sick-chamber, school-room, etc. Large folio sheets, which are arranged as in the Scripture and Song Comforter. Price, 75 cents. THE SILENT COMFORTER NO. 2; or The Green Pastures.—Being select verses containing prophecy and promise and solace and comfort. Price, 75 cents. THE SILENT COMFORTER NO. 3—From the Psalms.—Prepared in a similar manner to the above, but with texts taken solely from the Psalms. Price, 75 cents. These Comforters relieve the anxious in their distress, and cheer those that are drooping and bowed down. To all they are the sweet messengers of peace and hope. THE AMERICAN SUNDAY-SCHOOL UNION, 1,122 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. 10 Bible House, New York. * * * * * A Portable Electric Lighter. (_Scientific American, New York, Dec. 16, 1882._) A Portable Electric Lighter for $5 is being extensively sold by the Portable Electric Light Co., of 22 Water street, Boston. It is an economical and safe apparatus for lighting for home and business purposes. * * * * * EUROPE!!! =Cook’s Grand Excursions= leave New York April 26th, June 1st, June 13th and June 30th, 1883. =Passage Tickets= by all =Atlantic Steamers=. Special facilities for securing =good berths=. =Tourist Tickets= for individual travelers in =Europe=, by all routes, at reduced rates. =Cook’s Excursionist=, with Maps and full particulars, by mail 10 cents. Address THOS. COOK & SON, 261 Broadway, N.Y. * * * * * PEARLS IN THE MOUTH [Illustration] Beauty and Fragrance Are communicated to the mouth by SOZODONT which renders the _teeth pearly white_, the gums rosy, and the _breath sweet_. By those who have used it, it is regarded as an indispensable adjunct of the toilet. It thoroughly _removes tartar_ from the teeth, without injuring the enamel. SOLD BY DRUGGISTS EVERYWHERE. * * * * * [Illustration] MANUAL OF NEEDLEWORK, Embroidery, Knitting, CROCHETING, LACE MAKING, &c. This is a book of over 100 Pages, giving plain and intelligent directions for doing all kinds of plain and fancy needlework including the various kinds of artistic Embroidery, Knitting, Netting, Tattin, Crocheting, Lace Making, Darned Net Work, &c. It is profusely illustrated with cuts and diagrams showing how the various stitches are made and is so plain and practical that it cannot fail to assist ladies in their ordinary sewing, and will also enable them to do the most =Artistic Embroidery= and to make many articles for home and personal adornment for themselves and friends. =South Kensington, Arasene= and other =new kinds of Needlework= are fully illustrated and explained, and directions given for making many Fancy articles including Table and Chair Scarfs, Piano Covers, Mantle and Window Lambrequins, Draperies, &c. Directions are also given for Knitting and Crocheting many useful and fancy articles. The chapter on Lace Making will enable many ladies to make such desirable articles in Honiton and Point Lace as Collars, Collaretts, Tie Ends, Jabots Edgings, Handkerchief Borders, Corners, &c., that will rival in beauty the most expensive lace. Macrame Lace is also illustrated and explained as well as Darned net, Outline work, Rug Making &c. We send this book post-paid for 35 Cents; Four for =$1.00=. Get three of your friends to send with you and obtain =Your Own Book Free=. BOOK OF 100 CHOICE EMBROIDERY DESIGNS, For Borders, Corners, Centers &c., for Tidies, Rugs, Mats, Table Covers, Lambrequins, Slippers, D’Oylies, &c., post-paid 25 cents; Four for 75 Cents. The above two books for 50 Cts. PATTEN PUBLISHING CO., =47= Barclay Street, New York. * * * * * 7 PER CENT. TO 8 PER CENT. Interest Net to Investors In First Mortgage Bonds ON IMPROVED FARMS In Iowa, Minnesota and Dakota. SECURED BY ORMSBY BROS. & CO., BANKERS, LOAN AND LAND BROKERS, EMMETSBURG, IOWA. References and Circulars forwarded on Application. * * * * * Frank Leslie’s Sunday Magazine. T. DE WITT TALMAGE, Editor. SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENT. With 1883 the SUNDAY MAGAZINE entered on a new series, with the distinctive purpose of providing such a variety of reading matter of the highest literary merit (entertaining, chaste and instructive) as shall commend it to Christian parents and those engaged in the instruction of the young. Its purpose is to provide the healthiest, yet most sparkling literature, for young and old. DR. TALMAGE is the real editor, and intends to put his best work into it. Writers of the greatest acknowledged excellence contribute to its pages, and THE ILLUSTRATIONS are of a higher grade than any that have hitherto appeared in the Magazine. Among other unique attractions are the following twelve questions answered by leaders of each denomination: WHAT IS METHODISM? WHAT IS MORAVIANISM? WHAT IS LUTHERANISM? WHAT IS EPISCOPALIANISM? WHAT IS PRESBYTERIANISM? WHAT IS SWEDENBORGIANISM? WHAT IS CONGREGATIONALISM? WHAT IS ROMAN CATHOLICISM? WHAT IS THE BAPTIST CHURCH? WHAT IS THE CHURCH OF THE DISCIPLES? WHAT IS THE DUTCH REFORMED CHURCH? WHAT IS THE REFORMED EPISCOPAL CHURCH? Rev. Moses D. Hoge, D.D., Richmond, Va.; Rev. Charles H. Hall, D.D., Brooklyn, N.Y.; Rev. Chauncey Giles, D.D., Philadelphia, Pa.; Rev. Isaac Errett, D.D., Cincinnati. O.; Rev. Daniel Curry, D.D., N.Y.; Rev. Edwin F. Hatfield, D.D., N.Y.; Rev. F. C. Ewer, D.D., N.Y.; Bishop Charles B. Cheney, Chicago, Ill., and others, will answer the above questions. SUNDAY MAGAZINE is $3 per year. Postage Free; 4 Copies, $9; 6 Copies, $12. Liberal terms to agents! Specimen Copy to any address for 10 cents. Remit by Money Order or Registered Letter to FRANK LESLIE’S SUNDAY MAGAZINE, 53, 55, 57 Park Place, N.Y. * * * * * PAYSON’S INDELIBLE INK, FOR MARKING ANY FABRIC WITH A COMMON PEN, WITHOUT A PREPARATION. It still stands unrivaled after 50 years’ test. THE SIMPLEST AND BEST. Sales now greater than ever before. This Ink received the Diploma and Medal at Centennial over all rivals. Report of Judges: “For simplicity of application and indelibility.” INQUIRE FOR PAYSON’S COMBINATION!!! Sold by all Druggists, Stationers and News Agents, and by many Fancy Goods and Furnishing Houses. * * * * * ESTABLISHED THIRTY YEARS. [Illustration: SMITH AMERICAN ORGANS] ARE THE BEST. _Catalogues Free on Application._ Address the Company either at BOSTON, MASS., 531 Tremont Street; LONDON, ENG., 57 Holborn Viaduct; KANSAS CITY, Mo., 817 Main Street; ATLANTA, GA., 27 Whitehall Street; Or, DEFIANCE, O. OVER 95,000 SOLD. * * * * * [Illustration: THE RISING SUN STOVE POLISH] For beauty of gloss, for saving of toil, For freeness from dust and slowness to soil, And also for cheapness ’tis yet unsurpassed, And thousands of merchants are selling it fast. Of all imitations ’tis well to beware; The half risen sun every package should bear; For this is the “trade mark” the MORSE BROS. use, And none are permitted the mark to abuse. * * * * * CHEAPEST BOOK IN THE WORLD. [Illustration] The New American Dictionary, Price Only $1.00, CONTAINS 1,000 ENGRAVINGS AND 100 PAGES MORE THAN ANY OTHER BOOK OF THE KIND EVER PUBLISHED. This useful and elegant volume is a Library and Encyclopedia of general knowledge, as well as the best Dictionary in the world. Superbly bound in cloth and gilt. No pocket affair, but a large volume. It contains every useful word in the English language, with its true meaning, derivation, spelling and pronunciation and a vast amount of absolutely necessary information upon Science, Mythology, Biography, American History, Insolvent, Land and Interest laws, etc., being a =Perfect Library of Reference=. Webster’s Dictionary costs $9.00, and the New American Dictionary costs only $1.00. Read what the Press Says: “We have examined the New American Dictionary, and find it is a very valuable book.”—HOUSE & HOME. “We have never seen its equal, either in price, finish or contents.”—THE ADVOCATE. “Worth ten times the money.”—TRIBUNE & FARMER. “A perfect Dictionary and library of reference.”—LESLIE ILLUSTRATED NEWS. “We have frequent occasion to use the New American Dictionary in our office, and regard it well worth the price.”—CHRISTIAN UNION. “With the New American Dictionary in the library for reference, many other much more expensive works can be dispensed with, and ignorance of his country, history, business, law, etc., is inexcusable in any man.”—SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN. “A valuable addition to any library.”—N.Y. SUN. “There is more real worth than in most books at ten times the cost.”—N.Y. COMMERCIAL WORLD. Note the price, =$1.00=, post-paid; =2= copies for =$1.75=. =Extraordinary Offer.= If any person will get up a Club of Ten, at =$1.00= each, we will send Free as a premium the American Waterbury Stem Winding Watch. For a =Club of 15= we will send free a Solid Silver Hunting Case Watch. For a =Club of 30= we will send free a Lady’s Solid Gold Hunting Case Watch. For a =Club of 50= we will send free a Gent.’s Solid Gold Hunting Case Watch. Send a Dollar at once for a sample copy. You can easily secure one of these watches in a day or two, or during your leisure evenings. As to our reliability, we can refer to the commercial agencies or any express company in this city. Address WORLD MANUFACTURING CO., 132 Nassau Street, New York. [Illustration] THIS SPLENDID _COIN SILVER HUNTING CASE_ WATCH FREE To any person who will send us an order for 15 NEW AMERICAN DICTIONARIES At One Dollar Each. Any person can readily secure Fifteen subscribers in one or two hours, or in a single evening. If you want a good SOLID COIN SILVER WATCH, and want to get it WITHOUT MONEY, you can easily do so. Send ONE DOLLAR for a sample copy of the NEW AMERICAN DICTIONARY, and see how easily you can get up a club Of FIFTEEN. If you don’t care to get up a club yourself, will you kindly hand this to some person whom you think would like to get the watch. 48 page illustrated catalogue FREE. Send money by registered letter or P. O. Money Order. Send all orders to WORLD MANUFACTURING CO., 122 Nassau Street, New York. WORLD MANUFACTURING CO.: NOV. 21, 1882. Find inclosed $30 for 30 New American Dictionaries and the Ladies’ Solid Gold Watch. I secured Thirty Subscribers in one day, and have several more promised. Every one likes the Dictionary, and all I have seen have subscribed. MISS LAURA COIL, Annapolis, Mo. OFFICE OF THE AUDITOR OF THE TREASURY, POST-OFFICE DEPARTMENT, WASHINGTON, D.C., Jan. 29, 1883. WORLD MANUFACTURING CO.: The New American Dictionary ordered Jan. 15 at hand. I obtained fourteen subscribers in about as many minutes last Saturday, and find the Post Office Department is a good field to work in. The book proves to be just the thing for office use. I have many more promised, and will send another larger order. Send the Silver Watch as premium for this club. Respectfully, ROBERT H. WOOD. _Hundreds of Testimonials like the above._ * * * * * [ILLUSTRATION: MASON $ HAMLIN BEST ORGANS HIGHEST HONORS AT ALL GREAT WORLD’S EXPOSITIONS MASON & HAMLIN ORGAN & PIANO CO BOSTON 154 TREMONT ST. NEW YORK E 14TH ST. CHICAGO, 149 WABASH AVE.] * * * * * WITHOUT A PARALLEL IN MEDICAL HISTORY. The remarkable results which have attended the administration of Compound Oxygen, the new remedy for chronic and so-called “incurable diseases,” _are without a parallel in medical history_. As dispensers of this new remedy, we have, after over twelve years of earnest, untiring and costly effort to introduce it to those who need its vitalizing and health-restoring influences, succeeded in resting its claims on the basis of facts and results of so wide and universal a character—_facts and results on record and open to the closest investigations_—that no room for a question remains as to its _marvelous action in restoring the diseased to health_. The rapidly-increasing number of those who have obtained relief from pain or been restored to health by Compound Oxygen, reaching now to many thousands, scattered throughout the whole country, is having a wide influence on public sentiment. There are no arguments so convincing as well-known facts. If a man or a woman who has been suffering for years from an exhausting disease, which no physician had been able to cure, tries a newly-discovered remedy and is brought back to health, the fact stands as an unanswerable argument in favor of that remedy, so far, at least, as this particular case is concerned. A resort to the same remedy in another case, regarded as incurable, and with a like result, adds a new and stronger argument in its favor. Accumulate similar results to the number of hundreds and thousands, and in the widest range of chronic and “desperate” diseases and abandoned cases, and you have a weight of evidence that is irresistible. On this weight of indisputable evidence we rest the claims of Compound Oxygen. It is frequently urged against this treatment by persons who have not made themselves acquainted with the natural laws governing its action, that the same agent is administered for all diseases—for neuralgia or catarrh; for rheumatism or consumption; for heart disease or bronchitis; that we offer it as a universal specific. In our _Treatise on Compound Oxygen_, which will be _mailed free_ to any one who will write to us for it, we have fully explained the nature and action of this remedy, and shown that it is not specific to any disease or class of diseases; but that it acts directly upon the nervous system and vital organs, and thence universally in the whole body. It gives new force and a more vigorous action to all the life-centres, thus restoring to nature the dominant power and healthy action which had been lost. This being the case, no matter what the disease, or where located, it must be gradually ameliorated, and, if the central healthy action can be maintained, finally cured. Every intelligent and unprejudiced person will at once see that if the law of action which we claim for Compound Oxygen be the true one, its operation must be universal, and not local or specific; and that all forms of disease may be reached by this agent. And the fact that they are reached, and in so large a number of cases relieved, verifies the theory of cure and substantiates the claims which are made for this new substance as _being the most remarkable in its action of any therapeutic agent yet discovered_. If we contrast the violence which is so often done to the delicate organisms of the human body through the administration of drugs, given to break the force of a disease, and which sometimes keep the patient lingering for months in slow convalescence, needing all the while the physician’s care, with the revitalized condition of compound oxygen patients, the advantage on the side of the latter, as compared with those treated under most of the prevailing systems, becomes strikingly apparent. Under the new treatment, which is by inhalation, there is no weakening of the tone of the stomach by drugs, and no violent assaults upon any nerve or fibre in the body, _but a gentle and subtly penetrating influence, reaching to the very centre of all the life forces, and restoring them to a healthier action_. The natural result under this treatment must be that, when a patient recovers he is in a far better condition to resist the causes which produce disease than the patient who has had the life forces weakened through drug medication. _As a restorer of vital force_, it can be largely shown from the results obtained during the past twelve years, that _Compound Oxygen is the most efficient agent yet discovered by the medical profession. Its use by over-worked business and professional men, and by all who suffer from nervous exhaustion and low vitality, would save many hundreds of lives every year and give to thousands more the ability to work without the weariness, exhaustion and peril which now attend their labors._ Our large correspondence with patients and health-seekers, throughout this and other countries, gives evidence of the increasing confidence which is steadily growing in the public mind favorable to the Oxygen cure. The living witnesses to its remarkable efficacy, and the warm advocates of its dispensation are, as we have said, rapidly increasing. By personal influence and correspondence, those who have been relieved from distressing complaints, or cured of diseases which were steadily growing worse for years, are sending the good news of their recovery to friends and neighbors, near and remote. Many of these order the Treatment, and if helped or cured, as rarely fails to be the case, become in turn the friends and advocates of this new method of cure. So the knowledge is spreading, and the use of Compound Oxygen growing, with a rapidity of which few outside of our establishment have any comprehension. To those who wish to inform themselves in regard to this new Treatment, we will send, _free of cost_, our “_Treatise on Compound Oxygen_,” and our pamphlet, containing over fifty “_Unsolicited Testimonials_;” also “_Health and Life_,” our Quarterly Record of Cases and Cures, under the Compound Oxygen Treatment, in which will be found, as reported by patients themselves, _and open for verification, more remarkable results in a single period of three months than all the medical journals in the United States can show in a year_! DEPOSITORY ON PACIFIC COAST.—H. E. MATHEWS, 606 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, California, will fill orders for the Compound Oxygen Treatment on Pacific Coast. DRS. STARKEY, & PALEN, G. R. STARKEY, A.M., M.D. G. E. PALEN, Ph.B., M.D. 1109 and 1111 Girard St. [Betw’n Chestnut and Market.], Phila., Pa. * * * * * CHARLES SCRIBNER’S SONS’ NEW PUBLICATIONS. ON THE DESERT. With a Brief Review of Recent Events in Egypt. By Rev. HENRY M. FIELD, D.D., author of “From the Lakes of Killarney to the Golden Horn,” and “From Egypt to Japan.” 1 vol. crown 8vo, with a map, $2. _From Rev. William M. Taylor, D.D._ I was so interested in its perusal that it was with difficulty that I could persuade myself to lay it down. I find it more interesting than a novel, and full, besides, of valuable information, sound reflection and clear thinking. The descriptions enable one to see for himself the objects on which the writer looked. Nor must I forget to add that every now and then a delightful humor bubbles up in these pages, which adds immensely to the charm of a very charming book. NEWMAN SMYTH’S REPLY TO JOSEPH COOK. DORNER ON THE FUTURE STATE. Being a Translation of the Section of his System of Christian Doctrine, comprising the Doctrine of the Last Things. With an introduction and notes. By NEWMAN SMYTH, D.D., author of “Old Faiths in New Light,” “The Orthodox Theology of To-day,” etc. 1 vol. 12mo, $1. “The present book contains most of the distinctive views by which Dorner is best known. It is an attempt in plain words to bring the doctrine of Christian eschatology into harmony with the best knowledge and the best thought of the age.” RECOLLECTIONS OF ARTHUR PENRHYN STANLEY, late Dean of Westminster. By GEORGE GRANVILLE BRADLEY, D.D., Dean of Westminster, Honorary Fellow of University College, Oxford. 1 vol. 12mo, $1. “It is an affectionate and graceful biographical memorial of a man whose scholarship and intellectual force were partly concealed by the fineness of his nature, the sweetness and delicacy of his spirit and modest beauty of his bearing. The story of his life has been fittingly told, and will be gratefully read by his numerous American admirers.”—_Christian at Work._ MORAVIAN MISSIONS. By Rev. A. C. THOMPSON, D.D. 1 vol. 12mo, $2. “One striking peculiarity of these lectures is that they condense into the smallest compass a vast amount of intricate matters and widely scattered particulars, gathered from sources out of the way of ordinary students and unknown to ordinary readers, and present this great variety of facts of geography, history, ethnology and biography in such a way that there is not only no confusion or heaviness, but a certain brightness and vivacity which makes the narrative fairly fascinating.” CRITERIA OF DIVERSE KINDS OF TRUTH. As opposed to Agnosticism. Being a Treatise on Applied Logic. (Philosophic Series No. 1.) Energy, Efficient and Final Cause. (Philosophic Series No. 2.) By JAMES MCCOSH, D.D. LL.D., D.L. Author of “Intuitions of the Mind,” “Laws of Discursive Thought,” etc. Each 1 vol., paper, 50 cents. “It is not unlikely to prove true in the end that the most useful popular service which Dr. McCosh has rendered to the cause of right thinking and to a sound philosophy of life is his proposed _Philosophic Series_, the first number of which, _Criteria of Diverse Kinds of Truth as Opposed to Agnosticism_, we have perused with great satisfaction.”—_The Independent._ FINAL CAUSES. By PAUL JANET, Member of the French Academy. Translated from the Second French Edition. With a Preface by Robert Flint, D.D., LL.D. 1 vol. 8vo, $2.50. “No book of greater importance in the realm of theological philosophy has appeared during the past twenty years than Paul Janet’s ‘Final Causes.’ The central idea of the work is one which the whole course of scientific discussion has made the burning question of the day, viz.: that final causes are not inconsistent with physical causation.”—_Independent._ THE BEGINNINGS OF HISTORY, According to the Bible and the Traditions of Oriental Peoples. From the Creation of Man to the Deluge. By FRANÇOIS LENORMANT, Professor of Archæology at the National Library of France, etc., etc. (Translated from the Second French Edition.) With an introduction by FRANCIS BROWN, Assistant Professor in Biblical Philology, Union Theological Seminary. 1 vol. 12mo, 750 pp., $2.50. “The work is one that deserves to be studied by all students of ancient history, and in particular by ministers of the gospel, whose office requires them to interpret the Scriptures, and who ought not to be ignorant of the latest and most interesting contribution of science to the elucidation to the sacred volume.”—_New York Tribune._ THE RELIGIONS OF THE ANCIENT WORLD, Including Egypt, Assyria and Babylonia, Persia, India, Phœnicia, Etruria, Greece, Rome. By GEORGE RAWLINSON, M.A., author of “The Origin of Nations,” etc. 1 vol., 12mo, $1. “The historical studies which have elevated this author’s works to the highest position have made him familiar with those beliefs which once directed the world’s thought; and he has done literature no better service than in this little volume.... The book is, then, to be accepted as a sketch, and as the most trustworthy sketch in our language, of the religions discussed.”—_N.Y. Christian Advocate._ SCIENCE AND SENTIMENT. Essays, chiefly Philosophical. By NOAH PORTER, D.D., LL.D. 1 vol., crown 8vo., $2.50 “President Porter is at his best in some of these papers. An incisive wit runs through them, and all are marked by that power of clear definition and of vigorous statement coupled with fairness and frankness in treating the arguments of opponents so apparent in all his writings.”—_Zion’s Herald._ LOGIC AND LIFE. With other Sermons. By Rev. H. S. HOLLAND, M.A., Senior Student of Christ Church, Oxford. With an Introductory Notice by PRESIDENT NOAH PORTER. 1 vol. 8vo, $1.50. “They are in the truest sense scholarly ... yet there is about them, as Dr. Porter expresses it, very little of the stiffness, the formality or the remoteness from human sympathies and associations which often, not to say usually, characterize ‘University Sermons.’ Ministers will find them a rare and valuable addition to the library.”—_The Examiner._ TURKISH LIFE IN WAR TIME. By HENRY O. DWIGHT. 1 vol. 12mo. $1.50. “This book is the most vivid and faithful sketch of Turkish character that we have ever seen.... It is mainly a series of interesting notes and sketches, giving those little details of life and thought from day to day, in a time of great excitement, which are so essential in order to gain an accurate knowledge of any people.”—_The Nation._ [Illustration: stars] _These books are for sale by all Booksellers, or will be sent, post-paid, on receipt of the price, by_ CHARLES SCRIBNER’S SONS, 743 and 745 Broadway, New York. * * * * * ATKIN & PROUT, Printers, 12 Barclay St., New York. Transcriber’s Notes Obvious printer’s punctuation errors and omissions silently corrected. Inconsistent hyphenation retained due to the multiplicity of authors. Arithmetic errors in the receipts have been retained as printed. Images have been moved outside of paragraphs, resulting in page numbers that are slightly off. Missing “t” added in “therefore” on page 106 (therefore an immediately pressing necessity). Removed extra “s” introduced in line-break hyphenation on page 107 (no doubt that their presence). Changed “Fragance” to “Fragrance” on page 125 (Beauty and Fragrance). Inserted missing “n” in “governing” on inside back cover (natural laws governing its action). Duplicate “them” removed from the inside back cover (restoring them to a healthier action). *** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY — VOLUME 37, NO. 4, APRIL, 1883 *** Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will be renamed. Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG™ concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you charge for an eBook, except by following the terms of the trademark license, including paying royalties for use of the Project Gutenberg trademark. If you do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the trademark license is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and research. Project Gutenberg eBooks may be modified and printed and given away—you may do practically ANYTHING in the United States with eBooks not protected by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject to the trademark license, especially commercial redistribution. START: FULL LICENSE THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK To protect the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting the free distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work (or any other work associated in any way with the phrase “Project Gutenberg”), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project Gutenberg™ License available with this file or online at www.gutenberg.org/license. Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works 1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg™ electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property (trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in your possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. 1.B. “Project Gutenberg” is a registered trademark. It may only be used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg™ electronic works even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project Gutenberg™ electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below. 1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation (“the Foundation” or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in the United States and you are located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting free access to electronic works by freely sharing Project Gutenberg™ works in compliance with the terms of this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg™ name associated with the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project Gutenberg™ License when you share it without charge with others. 1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project Gutenberg™ work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning the copyright status of any work in any country other than the United States. 1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: 1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg™ License must appear prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg™ work (any work on which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” appears, or with which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, copied or distributed: This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook. 1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is derived from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not contain a notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase “Project Gutenberg” associated with or appearing on the work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project Gutenberg™ trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. 1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is posted with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked to the Project Gutenberg™ License for all works posted with the permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. 1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg™ License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg™. 1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project Gutenberg™ License. 1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg™ work in a format other than “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other format used in the official version posted on the official Project Gutenberg™ website (www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg™ License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. 1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg™ works unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. 1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing access to or distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works provided that: • You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from the use of Project Gutenberg™ works calculated using the method you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, but he has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the address specified in Section 4, “Information about donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.” • You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg™ License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of Project Gutenberg™ works. • You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days of receipt of the work. • You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free distribution of Project Gutenberg™ works. 1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the manager of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark. Contact the Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. 1.F. 1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating the Project Gutenberg™ collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain “Defects,” such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by your equipment. 1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the “Right of Replacement or Refund” described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, and any other party distributing a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further opportunities to fix the problem. 1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you ‘AS-IS’, WITH NO OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. 1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. 1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone providing copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in accordance with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg™ work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any Project Gutenberg™ work, and (c) any Defect you cause. Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg™ Project Gutenberg™ is synonymous with the free distribution of electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from people in all walks of life. Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg™’s goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg™ collection will remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure and permanent future for Project Gutenberg™ and future generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at www.gutenberg.org. Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non-profit 501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal Revenue Service. The Foundation’s EIN or federal tax identification number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state’s laws. The Foundation’s business office is located at 809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up to date contact information can be found at the Foundation’s website and official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation Project Gutenberg™ depends upon and cannot survive without widespread public support and donations to carry out its mission of increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be freely distributed in machine-readable form accessible by the widest array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations ($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt status with the IRS. The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any particular state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate. While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who approach us with offers to donate. International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. Please check the Project Gutenberg web pages for current donation methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. To donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate. Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg™ electronic works Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg™ concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and distributed Project Gutenberg™ eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. Project Gutenberg™ eBooks are often created from several printed editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. Most people start at our website which has the main PG search facility: www.gutenberg.org. This website includes information about Project Gutenberg™, including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.