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Title: 筠州黃檗山斷際禪師傳法心要 Author: Huangbo Release date: April 29, 2008 [eBook #25236] Most recently updated: January 3, 2021 Language: Chinese *** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 筠州黃檗山斷際禪師傳法心要 *** 禪宗哲學 筠州黃檗山斷際禪師傳法心要 [唐]希運 [簡介] 唐代禪宗要典。黃檗山斷際禪師希運撰述。裴休集並序。 希運為南岳懷讓系下百丈懷海的弟子,臨濟宗創立人義玄的法師。此書主旨在於 宣揚“一心即佛”之要義。反覆指明“諸佛與一切眾生,唯是一心,更無別法。 此心無始以來,不曾生,不曾滅,不青不黃,無形無相”,“超過一切限量,名 言縱跡對待,當下便是,動念即乖”。因而認為:“學道人,若欲得成佛,一切 佛法總不用學,唯學無求無著,無求即心不生,無著即心不滅。不生不滅即是佛 。”批評“如今學道人,不悟此心體,便於心上生心,向外求佛,著相修行,皆 是惡法,非菩提道”,“世人不悟,只認見聞覺知為心,為見聞覺知所覆,所以 不顯 精明本體。”此書如裴休所評:“其言簡,其理直,其道峻。”頗為明晰 有力地宣揚了禪宗直指單傳心要 ,在當時及後世均有極大影響。 有大禪師,法諱希運,住洪州高安縣黃檗山鷲峰下,乃曹溪六祖之嫡孫,西堂百 丈之法侄。獨佩最上乘離文字之印。唯傳一心,更無別法;心體亦空,萬緣俱寂 。如大日輪升虛空中,光明照耀淨無纖埃。證之者無新舊無淺深。說之者不立義 解,不立宗主,不開戶牖;直下便是,運念即乖,然後為本佛。故其言簡,其理 直,其道峻,其行孤。四方學徒望山而趨, 相而悟,往來海眾常千餘人。予會 昌二年廉於鐘陵,自山迎至州,憩龍興寺,旦夕問道。大中二年廉於宛陵,復去 禮迎至所部,安居聞元寺,旦夕受法。退而紀之,十得一二,佩為心印,不敢發 揚。今恐入神精義不聞於未來,遂出之,授門下僧太舟法建,歸舊山之廣唐寺, 間長老法眾,與往日常所親聞,同異何如也。時唐大中十一年十月初八日序。 師謂休曰:諸佛與一切眾生,唯是一心,更無別法。此心無始已來,不曾生不曾 滅,不青不黃,無形無相,不屬有無,不計新舊,非長非短,非大不非小,超過 一切限量,名言蹤跡對待,當體便是,動念即乖。猶如虛空,無有邊際,不可測 度。唯此一心即是佛,佛與眾生更無別異。但是眾生著相外求,求之轉失。使佛 覓佛,將心捉心,窮劫盡形終不能得。不知息念忘慮,佛自現前。此心即是佛, 佛即是眾生。為眾生時此心不減,為諸佛時此心不添。乃至六度萬行河沙功德, 本自具足,不假修添。遇緣即施,緣息即寂。若不決定信此是佛,而欲著相修行 以求功用,皆是妄想,與道相乖。此心即是佛,更無別佛,亦無別心。此心明淨 猶如虛空,無一點相貌。舉心動念,即乖法體,即為著相。無始已來無著相佛, 修六度萬行欲求成佛,即是次第。無始已來無次第佛,但悟一心,更無少法可得 ,此即真佛。佛與眾生一心無異,猶如虛空無雜無壞。如大日輪照四天下,日升 之時明遍天下,虛空不曾明;日沒之時暗遍天下,虛空不曾暗。明暗之境自相陵 奪,虛空之性廓然不變。佛及眾生心亦如此。若觀佛作清淨光明解脫之相,觀眾 生作垢濁暗昧生死之相,作此解者,歷河沙劫終不得菩提,為著相故。唯此一心 ,更無微塵許法可得,即心是佛。 如今學道人,不悟此心體,便於心上生心,向外求佛,著相修行,皆是惡法,非 菩提道。供養十方諸佛,不如供養一個無心道人,何故?無心者無一切心也。如 如之體,內如木石不動不搖,外如虛空不塞不礙。無能所,生方所,無相貌,無 得失,趨者不敢入此法,恐落空無栖泊處,故望崖而退。例皆廣求知見,所以求 知見者如毛,悟道者如角。文殊當理,普賢當行。理者真空無礙之理,行者離相 無盡之行。觀音當大慈,勢至當大智。維摩者淨名也,淨者性也,名者相也,性 相不異,故號淨名。諸大菩薩所表者,人皆有之,不離一心,悟之即是。今學道 人,不向自心中悟,乃於心外著相取境,皆與道背。恆河沙者,佛說是沙,諸佛 菩薩釋梵諸天步履而過,沙亦不喜;牛羊蟲蟻踐踏而行,沙亦不怒;珍寶馨香, 沙亦不貪;糞尿臭穢,沙亦不惡。此心即無心之心,離一切相。眾生諸佛更無差 別。但能無心,便是究竟。學道人若不直下無心,累劫修行終不成道,被三乘功 行拘繫,不得解脫。 然證此心有遲疾,有聞法一念便得無心者,有至十信十住十行十迴向乃得無心者 ,有至十地乃得無心者;長短得無心乃住,更無可修可證,實無所得,真實不虛 ;一念而得,與十地而得者,功用恰齊,更無深淺,只是歷劫枉受辛勤耳。造惡 造善皆是著相,著相造惡枉受輪迴,著相造善枉受勞苦,總不如言下便自認取本 法。此法即心,心外無法;此心即法,法外無心。心自無心,亦無無心者。將心 無心,心卻成有,默契而已。絕諸思議,故曰言語道斷,心行處滅。此心是本源 清淨佛,人皆有之,蠢動含靈,與諸佛菩薩,一體不異。只為妄想分別,造種種 業果。本佛上實無一物,虛通寂靜,明妙安樂而已。深自悟入,直下便是,圓滿 具足,更無所欠。縱使三祇精進修行,歷諸地位,及一念證時,只證元來自佛, 向上更不添得一物,卻觀歷劫功用,總是夢中妄為。故如來云:我於阿耨菩提實 無所得,若有所得,然燈佛則不與我授記。又云:是法平等無有高下,是名菩提 ,即此本源清淨心,與眾生諸佛,世界山河,有相無相,遍十方世界,一切平等 ,無彼我相。此本源清淨心,常自圓明遍照,世人不悟,只認見聞覺知為心;為 見聞覺知所覆,所以不 精明本體。但直下無心,本體自現,如大日輪升於虛空 ,遍照十方更無障礙。故學道人唯認見聞覺知施為動作,空卻見聞覺知,即心路 絕無入處。但於見聞覺知處認本心,然本心不屬見聞覺知,亦不離見聞覺知;但 莫於見聞覺知上起見解,亦莫於見聞覺知上動念;亦莫離見聞覺知覓心,亦莫舍 見聞覺知取法。不即不離,不住不著,縱橫自在,無非道場。世人聞道諸佛皆傳 心法,將謂心上別有一法可證可取,逐將心覓法,不知心即是法,法即是心,不 可將心更求於心,歷千萬劫終無得日。不如當下無心,便是本法。如力士迷額內 珠,向外求覓,周行十方終不能得;智者指之,當時自見本珠如故。故學道人迷 自本心,不認為佛。遂向外求覓,起功用行,依次第證,無依無住,無能無所, 不動妄念,便證菩提。及證道時,只證本心佛。歷劫勤求永不成道。不如當下無 心。決定知一切法本無所有,亦無所得。歷劫功用,并是虛修,如力士得珠時, 只得本額珠,不關向外求覓之力。故佛言:我與阿耨菩提實無所得。恐人不信, 故引五眼所見,五語所言,真實不虛,是第一義諦。 學道人莫疑四大為身。四大無我,我亦無主。故知此身無我亦無主。五蘊為心, 五蘊無我亦無主,故知此心無我亦無主。六根六塵六識和合生滅亦復如是。十八 界既空,一切皆空。唯有本心蕩然清淨。有識食,有智食。四大之身,饑瘡為患 ,隨順給養,不生貪著,謂心智食。恣情取味,妄生分別,唯求適口,不生厭離 ,謂之識食。聲聞者因聲得悟,故謂之聲聞。但不了自心,於聲教上起解。或因 神通,或因瑞相,言語運動,聞有菩提涅槃,三僧祇劫修成佛道,皆屬聲聞道, 謂之聲聞佛,唯直下頓了自心本來是佛,無一法可得,無一行可修,此是無上道 ,此是真如佛。學道人只怕一念有,即與道隔矣。念念無相,念念無為,即是佛 。學道人若欲得成佛,一切佛法總不用學,唯學無求無著。無求即心不生,無著 即心不滅,不生不滅即是佛。八萬四千法門,對八萬四千煩惱,只是教化接引門 。本無一切法,離即是法,知離者是佛,但離一切煩惱,是無法可得。 學道人若欲得知要訣,但莫於心上著一物。言佛真法身猶若虛空,此是喻法身即 虛空,虛空即法身。常人謂法身遍虛空處,虛空中含容法身。不知法身即虛空, 虛空即法身也。若定言有虛空,虛空不是法身;若定言有法身,法身不是虛空。 但莫作虛空解,虛空即法身;莫作法身解,法身即虛空。虛空與法身無異相,佛 與眾生無異相;生死與涅槃無異相,煩惱與菩提無异相;離一切相即是佛。凡夫 取境,道人取之,心境雙忘,乃是真法。忘境猶易,忘心至難。人不敢忘心,恐 落空無撈摸處。不知空本無空,唯心真法界耳。此靈覺性,無始已來,與虛空同 壽,未曾生未曾滅,未曾有未曾無,未曾穢未曾淨,未曾喧未曾寂,未曾少未曾 老;無方所無內外,無數量無形相,無色象無音聲;不可覓不可求,不可以智慧 識,不可以言語取,不可以境物會,不可以功用到。諸佛菩薩與一功蠢動含靈, 同此大涅槃性。性即是心,心即是佛,佛即是法。一念離真,皆為妄想。不可以 心更求於心,不可以佛更求於佛,不可以法更求於法。故學道人直下無心,默契 而已。擬心即差,以心傳心,此為正見。慎勿向外逐境,認境為心,是認賊為子 。為有貪嗔癡,即立戒定慧。本無煩惱,焉有菩提。故祖師云:佛說一切法,為 除一切心,我無一切心,何用一切法。本源清淨佛土,更不著一物。譬如虛空, 雖以無量珍寶莊嚴,終不能住;佛性同虛空,雖以無量功德智慧壯嚴終不能住; 但迷本性,轉不見耳。所謂心地法門,萬法皆依此心建立,遇境即有,無境即無 ,不可於淨性上轉作境解。所言定慧鑒用歷歷寂寂惺惺見聞覺知,皆是境上作解 。暫為中下根人說即得,若欲親證,皆不可作如此見解。盡是境法有沒處,沒於 有地。但於一切法不作有無見,即見法也。 九月一日師謂休曰:自達摩大師到中國,唯說一心,唯傳一法,以佛傳佛,不說 餘佛,以法傳法,不說餘法。法即不可說之法,佛即不可取之佛,乃是本源清淨 心也。唯此一事實,餘二則非真。般若為慧,此慧即無相本心也。凡夫不趣道, 唯恣六情,乃行六道。學道人一念計生死,即落魔道;一念起諸見,即落外道; 見有生,趣其滅,即落聲聞道;不見有生,唯見有滅,即落緣覺道;法本不生今 亦無滅,不起二見,不厭不忻,一切諸法唯是一心,然後乃為佛乘也。凡夫皆逐 境生心,心遂忻厭,若欲無境,當忘其心。心忘即境空,境空即心滅。若不忘心 而但除境,境不可除只益紛擾。故萬法唯心,心亦不可得,復何求哉。學般若人 ,不見有一法可得。絕意三乘,唯一真實,不可證得。謂我能證能得,皆增上慢 人。法華曾上拂衣而去者,皆斯徒也。故佛言我於菩提實無所得,默契而已。凡 人臨欲終時,但觀五蘊皆空,四大無我,真心無相,不去不來。生時性亦不來, 死時性亦不去,湛然圓寂,心境一如。但能如是直下頓了,不為三世所拘繫,便 是出世人也。切不可有分毫趣向,若見善相諸佛來迎,及種種現前,亦無心隨去 ;若見惡相種種現前,亦無心怖畏,但自忘心,同於法界,便得自在,此即是要 節也。 十月八日師謂休曰: 言化城者,二乘及十地等覺妙覺,皆是權立接引之教,并為化城。言寶所者,乃 真心本佛自性之寶,此寶不屬情量,不可建立。無佛無眾生,無能無所,何處有 城?若問此既是化城。何處為寶所?寶所不可指,指即有方所,非真寶所也。故 云在近而已,不可定量言之。但當體會契之即是。言闡提者,信不具也。一切六 道眾生,乃至二乘,不信有佛果,皆謂之斷善根闡提。菩薩者深信有佛法,不見 有大乘小乘,佛與眾生同一法性,乃謂之善根闡提。大抵因聲教而悟者謂之聲聞 ,觀因緣而悟者謂之緣覺,若不向自心中悟,雖至成佛,亦謂之聲聞佛。學道人 多於教法上悟,不於心法上悟,雖歷劫修行,終不是本佛。若不於心悟,乃至於 教法上悟,即輕心重教,遂成逐塊,忘於本心。故但契本心,不用求法,心即法 也。凡人多為境礙心,事礙理;常欲逃境以安心,摒事以存理。不知乃是心礙境 ,理礙事;但令心空境自空,但令理寂事自寂,勿倒用心也。凡人多不肯空心, 恐落於空,不知自心本空。愚人除事不除心,智者除心不除事。菩薩心如虛空, 一切俱舍,所作福德皆不貪著。然舍有三等,內外身心一切俱舍,猶如虛空無所 取著,然後隨方應物,能所皆忘,是為大舍;若一邊行道布德,一邊旋舍,無希 望心,是為中舍;若廣修眾善,有所希望,聞法知空,遂乃不著,是為小舍。大 舍如火燭在前,更無迷悟;中舍如火燭在傍,或明或暗;小舍如火燭在前,更無 迷悟;中舍如,燭在傍,或明或暗;小舍如火燭在後,不見坑。故菩薩心如虛空 ,一切俱舍,過去心不可得,是過去舍;現在心不可得,是現在舍;未來心不可 得,是未來舍;所謂三世俱舍。自如來付法迦葉已來,以心印心,心心不異。印 著空,即印不成文,印著物,即印不成法。故以心印心,心心不異,能印所印, 俱難契曾,故得者少。然心即無心,得即無得。佛有三身,法身說自性虛通法, 報身說一切清淨法,化身說六度萬行法。法身說法,不可以言語音聲形相文字而 求,無所說,無所證,自性虛通而已。故曰無法可說,是名說法。報身化身皆隨 機感現,所說法亦隨事應根以為攝化,皆非真法。故曰報化非真佛,亦非說法者 。所言同是一精明,分為六和合。一精明者一心也,六和合者六根也。此六根各 與塵合,耳與聲合,鼻與香合,舌與味合,身與觸合,意與法合,中間生六識, 為十八界。若了十八界無所有,束六和合為一精明,一精明者即心也。學道人皆 知此,但不能免作一精明六和合解,遂被法縛,不契本心。如來現世,欲說一乘 真法,則眾生不信興謗沒於苦海,若都不說,則墮慳貪,不為眾生,溥舍妙道, 遂設方便說有三乘。乘有大小,得有淺深,皆非本法。故云唯有一乘道,餘二則 非真,然終未能顯一心法。故召迦葉同法座,別付一心離言說法,此一枝法令別 行,若能契悟者,便至佛地矣。 問:如何是道,如何修行?師云:道是何物,汝欲修行。問:諸方宗師相承,參 禪學道如何?師云:引接鈍根人語,未可依憑。云:此既是引接鈍根人語,未審 接上根人,復說何法?師云:若是上根人,何處更就人,覓他自己尚不可得,何 況更別有法當情,不見教中云法法何狀。云:若如此,則都不要求覓也。師云: 若與麼,則省心力。云:如是,則渾成斷絕,不可是無也。師云:阿誰教他無, 他是阿誰,你擬覓他。云:既不許覓,何故又言莫斷他。師云:若不覓,即便休 ,誰教你斷,你見目前虛空,作麼生斷他。云:此法可得便同虛空否?師云:虛 空早晚向你道有同有異,我暫如此說,你便向者裏生解。云:應是不與人生解耶 ?師云:我不曾障你,要且解屬於情,情生則智隔。云:向者裏莫生情是否?師 云:若不生情,阿誰道是。 問:才向和尚處發言,為甚麼便道話墮。師云:汝自是不解語人,有甚麼墮負。 問:向來如許多言說,皆是抵敵語,都未曾有實法指示於人。師云:實法無顛倒 。汝今問處自生顛倒,覓甚麼實法。云:既是問處自生顛倒,和尚答處如何?師 云:你且將物照面看,莫管他人。又云:只如個癡狗相似,見物動處便吠,風吹 草木也不別。又元:我此禪宗,從上相承以來,不曾教人求知求解。只云學道, 早是接引之詞,然道亦不可學。情存學解,卻成迷道。道無方所,名大乘心。此 心不在內外中間,實無方所。第一不得作知解。只是說汝如今情量盡處為道,情 量若盡,心無方所。此道天真,本無名字。只為世人不識,迷在情中,所以諸佛 出來說破此事,恐汝諸人不了,權立道名。不可守名而生解,故云得魚忘筌。身 心自然,達到識心。達本源故,號為沙門。沙門果者,息慮而成,不從學得。汝 如今將心求之,傍他家舍,只擬學取,有甚麼得時。古人心利,才聞一言,便乃 絕學所以喚作絕學無為閑道人。今時人只欲得多知多解,廣求文義,喚作修行。 不知多知多解,翻成壅塞。唯知多與兒酥乳吃,消與不消都總不知。三乘學道人 皆是此樣,盡名食不消者。所謂知解不消,皆為毐藥。盡向生滅中取,真如之中 都無此事。故云我王庫內無如是刀,從前所有一切解處,盡須并卻令空,更無分 別,即是空如來藏。如來藏者,更無纖塵可有,即是破有法王出現世間。亦云我 於然燈佛所無少法可得。此語只為空你情量知解,但銷熔表裏情盡,都無依執, 是無事人。三乘教網,只是應機之藥,隨宜所說,臨時施設,各各不同,但能了 知,即不被惑。第一不得於一機一教邊守文作解,何以如此?實無有定法如來可 說。我此宗門不論此事,但知息心即休,更不用思前慮後。 問:從上來皆云即心是佛,未審即那個心是佛?師云:你有幾個心?云:為復即 凡心是佛,即聖心是佛?師云:你何處有凡聖心耶?云:即今三乘中說有凡聖, 和尚何得言無?師云:三乘中分明向你道凡聖心是妄,你今不解,反執為有,將 空作實,豈不是妄。妄故迷心,汝但除卻凡情聖境,心外更無別佛;祖師西來直 指一切人全體是佛,汝今不識,執凡執聖,向外馳騁,還自迷心,所以向汝道即 心是佛。一念情生即墮異趣,無始已來不異今日,無有異法,故名成等正覺。云 :和尚所言即者,是何道理?師云:覓什麼道理,才有道理,便即心異。云:前 言無始已來不異今日,此理如何?師云:只為覓故,汝自異他;汝若不覓,何處 有異?云:既是不異,何更用說即?師云:汝若不認凡聖,阿誰向汝道即;即若 不即,心亦不心,可中心即俱忘,阿你更擬向何處覓去? 問:妄能障自心,未審而今以何遣妄?師云:起妄遣妄亦成妄,妄本無根,只因 分別而有,你但於凡聖兩處情盡,自然無妄,更擬若為遣他,都不得自纖毫依執 ,名為我舍兩臂必當得佛。云:既無依執,當何相承?師云:以心傳心。云:若 心相傳,云何言心亦無?師云:不得一法,名為傳心,若了此心,即是無心無法 。云:若無心無法,云何名傳?師云:汝聞道傳心,將謂有可得也。所以祖師云 ,認得心性時,可說不思議,了了無所得,得時不說知,此事若教汝會,何堪也 。 問:只如目前虛空,可不是境,豈無指境見心乎?師云:什麼心教汝向境上見, 設汝見得,只是個照鏡底心,如人以鏡照面,縱然得見眉目分明,原來只是影像 ,何關汝事。云:若不因照,何時得見?師云:若也涉因,常須假物,有什麼了 時,汝不見他向汝道,撒手似君無一物,徙勞謾說數千般。云:他若識了,照亦 無物耶?師云:若是無物更何用照,你莫開眼囈語去。 上堂云:百種多知,不如無求最第一也,道人是無事人,實無許多般心,亦無道 理可說,無事散去。 問:如何是世諦?師云:說葛藤作什麼?本來清淨,何假言說問答,但無一切心 ,即名無漏智。汝每日行住坐臥一切言語,但莫著有為法,出言瞬目,盡同無漏 。如今本法向去,多是學禪道者,皆著一切聲色,何不與我心心同虛空去,如枯 木石頭去,如寒灰死火去,方有少分相應。若不如是,他日盡被閻老子拷你在, 你但離卻有無諸法,心如日輪常在虛空,光明自然不照而照,不是省力底事。至 此之時無栖泊處,即是行諸佛行,便是應生所住而生其心。此是你清淨法身,名 為阿耨菩提。若不會此意,縱你學得多知,勤苦修行,草衣木食,不識自心,盡 名邪行,定作天魔眷屬,如此修行當復何益?志公云:佛本是自心作,那得向文 字中求,饒你學得三賢四果十地滿心,也只是在凡聖內坐。不見道諸行無常,是 生滅法,勢力盡,箭還墜,招得來生不如意,爭似無為實相門,一超直入如來地 ,為你不是與麼人,須要向古人建化門廣學知解。志公云:不逢出世明師,枉服 大乘法藥;你如今一切時中行住坐臥,但學無心,久久須實得;為你力量小,不 能頓超,但得三年五年,或十年,須得個入頭處,自然會去,為汝不能如是,須 要將心學禪學道,佛法有甚麼交涉。故云:如來所說,皆為化人,如將黃葉為金 ,止小兒啼,決定不實,若有實得,非我宗門下客,且與你本體有甚交涉。故經 云:實無法少法可得名為阿耨菩提,若也會得此意,方知佛道魔道俱錯,本來清 淨皎皎地,無方圓,無大小,無長短等相,無漏無為,無迷無悟,了了見,無一 物,亦無人,亦無佛,大千沙界海中漚,一切聖賢如電拂,一切不如心真實。法 身從古至今,與佛祖一般,何處欠少一毫毛。既會如是意,不須努力,盡今生去 ,出息不保入息。 問:六祖不會經書,何得傳衣為祖?秀上作是五百人首道坐,為教授師,獎得三 十二本經論,云何不傳衣?師云:為他是有心,是為有,所得修所證,將為是也 ,所以五祖付六祖,六祖當時只是默契得,密授如來甚深意,所以付法於他。汝 不見道法佛法本法無法,今付無法時,法法何曾法,若會此意,方名出家兒,方 好修行,若不信,云何明上座走來大庾嶺頭尋六祖。六祖便問:汝來求何事,為 求衣,為求法?明上座云:不為衣來,但為法來。六祖云:汝且暫時斂念,善惡 都莫思量,明乃稟語。六祖云:不思善,不思惡正當與麼時,還我明上座父母未 生時面目來。明於言下忽然默契,便禮拜云:如人飲水,冷暖自知。某甲在五祖 會中,枉用三十年功夫,今日方省前非。六祖云:如是,到此之時,方知祖師西 來,直指人心見性成佛,不在言說。豈不見阿難問迦葉云:世尊傳金襴外,別傳 何物?迦葉召阿難,阿難應諾。迦葉云:倒卻門前剎竿著,此便是祖師之標榜也 ;甚深阿難三十年為侍者,只為多聞智慧,被佛訶云:汝千日智慧,不如一日學 道,若不學道,滴水難消。 (錄自《頻迦精舍大經藏》騰四) 黃檗斷際禪師宛陵錄 〔唐〕希運 〔簡介〕 唐代禪宗要點。黃檗山斷際禪師希運撰述,裴休集。一卷。 此書亦為禪宗早期重要著述。其主旨與《傳法心要》相同,亦在闡述〝一心即佛 〞之要義。全書以問答形式,對〝如何是佛〞、〝佛度眾生否〞、〝佛性與眾生 性為同為別〞等問題作了淺明解答,作為早期的禪宗通俗說教讀物,此書影響亦 甚大。 裴相功問師曰:山中四五百人,己人得和尚法?師云:得者莫測其數,何故?道 在心悟,豈在言說,言說只是化童蒙耳。 問:如何是佛?師云:即心是佛,無心是道。但無生心動念,有無長短,彼我能 所等心,心本是佛,佛本是心。心如虛空,所以云佛真法身猶若虛空,不用別求 ,有求皆苦。設使恒沙劫行六度萬行,得佛菩提,亦非究竟。何以故?為屬因緣 造作之故。因緣若盡,還歸無常。所以云,報化非真佛,亦非說法者。但識自心 ,無我無人,本來是佛。問:聖人無心即是佛,凡夫無心,莫沉空寂否?師云: 法無凡聖,亦無沉寂。法本不有,莫作無見;法本不無,莫作有見。有之與無, 盡是情見,猶如幻翳。所以云,見聞如幻翳,知覺乃眾生。祖師門中只論息機忘 見,所以忘機則佛道隆,分別則魔軍熾。 問:心既本來是佛,還修六度萬行否?師云:悟在於心,非六度萬行,六度萬行 盡是化門接物度生邊事。假使菩提真如實際解脫法身,直至十地四果盛位,盡是 度門,非關佛心。心即是佛,所以一切諸度門中,佛心第一。但無生死煩惱等心 ,即不用菩提等法。所以道,佛說一切法,度我一切心,我無一切心,何用一企 法。從佛至祖,並不論別事,唯論一心,亦云一乘,所以十方諦求,更無餘乘。 此眾無枝葉,唯有諸真實,所以此意難信。達摩來此土,至梁魏二國,只有可大 師一人密信自心,言下便會即心是佛,身心俱無是名大道;大道本來平等,所以 深信含生同一真性,心性不異,即性即心,心不異性,名之為祖。所以云,認得 心性時,可說不思議。 問:佛度眾生否?師云:實無眾生如來度者,我尚不可得,非我何可得,佛與眾 生皆不可得。云:現有三十二相及度眾生,何得言無?師云:凡所有相,皆是虛 妄,若見諸相非相,即見如來。佛與眾生,盡是汝作妄見,只為不本心,謾作見 解,才作佛見,便被佛障,作眾生見,被眾生障,作凡作聖作淨作穢等,見盡成 其障,障汝心故,總成輪轉,猶如 猴放一捉一,無有歇期,一等是學,直須無 學,無凡無聖,無淨無垢,無大無小,無漏無為。如是一心中,方便勤莊嚴。聽 汝學得三乘十二分教,一切見解,總須舍卻。所以除去所有,唯置一床,寢疾而 臥,只是不起諸見。無一法可得,不被法障,透脫三界凡聖境域,始得名為出世 佛。所以云稽首如空無所依,出過外道,心既不異,法亦不異;心既不為,法亦 無為。萬法盡由心變,所以我心空故諸法空,千品萬類悉皆同一心體,心本不異 ,法亦不異,只為汝見解不同,所以差別。譬如諸天共寶器食隨其福德飯色有異 。十方諸佛實無少法可得,名為阿耨菩提,之是一心,實無異相,亦無光彩亦無 勝負。無勝故無佛像,無負故無眾生相。云:心既無相,豈得全無三十二相,八 十種好化度眾生耶?師云三十二相屬相,凡所有相皆是虛妄,八十種好屬色。若 以色見我,是人行邪道,不能見如來。 問:佛性與眾生性,為同別?師云:性無同異。若約三乘教,即說佛性有眾生性 ,遂有三乘因果,即有同異。若約佛乘,及祖師相傳,即不說如是事,惟指一心 ,非同非異,非因非果。所以云,唯此一乘道,無二亦無三,除佛方便說。 問:無邊身菩薩,為什麼不見如來頂相?師云:實無可見,何以故?無邊身菩薩 ,便是如來,不應更見。只教你不作佛見,不落佛邊;不作眾生見,不落眾生邊 ;不作有見,不落有邊;不作無見,不落無邊;不作凡見,不落凡邊;不作聖見 ,不落聖邊;但無諸見,即是無邊身。若有見處,即名外道。外道者樂於諸見, 菩薩於諸見兒不動,如來者即諸法如義。所以云,彌勒亦如也,眾聖賢亦如也, 如即無生,如即無滅,如即無見,如即無聞;如來頂即是圓見,亦無圓見,故不 落圓邊。所以佛身無為,不墯諸數。權以虛空為喻,圓同太虛,無欠無餘,等閑 無事,莫強辯他境,辯著便成識。所以云,圓成沈識海,流轉若飄蓬,只道我知 也,學得也,契悟也,解脫也,有道理也。強處即如意,弱處即不如意,似者個 見解,有什麼用處。我向汝道,等閑無事,莫謾用心,不用求真,唯須息見。所 以內見外見俱錯,佛道魔道俱惡。所以文殊暫起二見,貶向二鐵圍山。文殊即實 智,普賢即權智。權實相對治,究竟亦無權實,唯是一心,心且不佛不眾生,無 有異見。才有佛見,便作眾生見。有見無見,常見斷見,便成二鐵圍山,被見障 故。祖師直指一切眾生本心本體本來是佛,不假修成,不屬漸次,不是明暗;不 是明故無明,不是暗故無暗。所以無無明,亦無無明盡。入我此宗門,切須在意 。如此見得,名之為法;見法故,名之為佛;佛法俱無,名之為僧,喚作無為僧 ,亦名一體三寶。夫求法者,不著佛求,不著法求,不著眾求,應無所求。不著 佛求,故無佛;不著法求,故無法;不著眾求,故無僧。 問:和尚見今說法,何得言無僧亦無法?師云:汝若見有法可說,即是以音聲求 我。若見有我,即是處所。法亦無法,法即是心。所以祖師云:付此心法時,法 法何曾法,無法無本心,始解心心法。實無一法可得,名坐道場。道場者只是不 起諸見,悟法本空,喚作空如來藏。本來無一物,何處有塵埃,若得此中意,逍 遙何所論。 問:本來無一物,無物便是否?師云:無亦不是,菩提無是處,亦無無知解。 問:何者是佛?師云:汝心是佛。佛即是心,心佛不異,故云即心即佛。若離於 心,別更無佛。云:若自心是佛,祖師西來如何傳授?師云:祖師西來唯傳心佛 。直指汝等心本來是佛,心心不異,故名為祖。若直下見此意,即頓超三乘一切 諸位,本來是佛,不假修成。云:若如此十方諸佛出世,說於何法?師云:十方 諸佛出世,只共說一心法。所以佛密付與達訶大迦葉,此一心法體,盡虛空遍法 界,名為諸佛理。論這個法,豈是汝於言句上解得他,亦不是於一機一境上建見 得他,此意唯是默契得,這一門名為無為法門。若欲會得,但知無心忽悟即得。 若用心擬學取,即轉遠去。若無歧路心,一切取舍心,心如木石,始有學道分。 云:如今現有種種妄念,何以言無?師云妄本無禮,即是汝心所起,汝若識心是 佛,心本無妄,那得起心更認於妄。汝若不生心動念,自然無妄。所以云,心生 則種種法生,心滅則種種法滅。云:今正妄念起時,佛在何處?師云:汝今覺妄 起時,覺正是佛;可中若無妄念,佛亦無;何故如此?為汝起心作佛見,便謂有 佛可成,作眾生見,便謂有眾生可度。起心動念,總是汝見處。若無一切見,佛 有何處所。如文殊才起佛見,便貶向二鐵圍山。云:今正悟時,佛在何處?師云 :問從何來,覺從何起,語默動靜一切聲色盡是佛事,何處覓佛?不可更頭上安 頭,嘴上加嘴。但莫生異見,山是山,水是水,僧是僧,俗是俗,山河大地日月 星辰,總不出汝心。三千世界,都來是汝個自己,何處有許多般。心外無法,滿 目青山,虛空世界,皎皎地無絲法許與汝作見解。所以一切聲色,是佛之慧目。 法不孤起,仗境方生。為物之故,有其多智。終日說何曾說,終日聞何曾聞。所 以釋迦四十九年說,未曾說著一字,云:若如此,何處是菩提?師云:菩提無是 處。佛亦不得菩提,眾生亦不失菩提。不可以身得,不可以心求,一切眾生即菩 提相。云:如何發菩提心?師云:菩提無所得。你今但發無所得心,決定不得一 法,即是菩提心。菩提無住處,是故無有得者。故云:我於然燈佛所,無有少法 可得。佛即與我授記。明知一切眾生本是菩提,不應更得菩提。你今文發菩提心 ,將謂一個心學取佛去,唯擬作佛,任你三劫修,亦只得個報化佛,與你本源真 性佛有何交涉。故云:外求有相佛,與汝不相似 問:本既是佛,那得更有四生六道種種形貌不同?師云:諸佛體圓,更無增減, 流入六道,處處皆圓,萬類之中,個個是佛。譬如一團水銀,分散諸處,顆顆皆 圓,若不分時只是一塊。此一即一切,一切即一,種種形貌,喻如屋舍,舍驢屋 入人屋,舍人身至天身,乃至聲聞、緣覺菩薩佛屋,皆是汝取舍處所以有別。本 源之性,何得有別。 問:諸佛如何行大慈悲,為眾生說法?師云:佛慈悲者,無緣故,名大慈悲。慈 者不見有佛可成,悲者不見有眾生可度。其聽說法,無說無示。其聽法者,無聞 無得。譬如幻為幻人說法,者個法,若為道我從善知識言下領得,會也悟也。者 個慈悲,若為汝起心動念學得他見解,不是自悟本心,究竟無益。 問:何者是精進?師云:身心不起,是名第一牢強精進。才起心向外求者,名為 歌利王愛游獵去,心不外游即是忍辱仙人,身心俱無,即是佛道。 問:若無心行此道得否:師云:無心便是行此道,更說什麼得與不得。且如瞥起 一念便是境,若無一念,便是境妄心自滅,無復可追尋。 問:如何是出三界?師云:善惡都莫思量,當處便出三界。如來出世,為破三有 ,若無一切心,三界亦非有。如一微塵破為百分,九十九分是無,一分是有;摩 訶衍不能勝出,百分俱無,摩訶衍始能勝出。 上堂云:即心是佛,上至諸佛,下至蠢動含零,皆有佛性,同一心體,所以達摩 從西天來,唯傳一心法,直指一切眾生本來是佛,不假修行,但如今識取自心, 見自本性,更莫別求。云何識意心?即如今言語者正是汝心,若不言語,又不作 用,心體如虛空相似,無有相貌,亦無方所,亦不一向是無,有而不可見故。祖 師云:真性心地藏,無頭亦無尾,應緣而化物,方便呼為智。若不應緣之時不可 言其有無;正應之時,亦無蹤跡,既知如此,如今但相無中栖泊,即是行諸佛路 。經云:應無所住而生其心。一切眾生輪迴生死者,意緣走作,心於六道不停, 致使受種種苦。︽淨名︾云:難化之人,心如猿猴,故以若干種法,制御其心, 然後調伏所以心生種種法生,心滅種種法滅。故知一切諸法皆由心造,乃至人天 地獄六道修羅盡由心造。如今但學無心,頓息諸緣,莫生妄想人別,無人無我, 無貪嗔,無憎愛,無勝負,但除卻如許多妄想,性本來清淨,即是修行菩提法佛 等。若不會此意,縱你廣學,勤苦修行,木食草衣,不識自心,皆名邪行,盡作 天魔外道水陸諸神,如此修行,當復何益志公云:本體是自心作,那得文字中求 。如今但識自心,息卻思惟,忘想塵勞,自然不生。︽淨名︾云:唯置一床,寢 疾而臥,心不起也。如人臥疾,攀緣都息,妄想歇滅,即是菩提。如今若心裡紛 紛不定,任你學到三乘四果十地諸位,合殺只向凡聖中坐,諸行盡歸無常,勢力 皆有盡期。猶如箭射於空,力盡還墜,卻歸生死論迴,斯如修行,不解佛意,虛 受辛苦,豈非大錯。志公云:未逢出世明師,枉服大乘法藥,如今但一切時中行 住坐臥,但學無心,亦無分別,亦無依倚,亦無住著;終日任運騰騰,如癡人相 似,世人盡不識你,你亦不用教人識不識,心如頑石頭,都無縫罅;一切法透汝 心不入,兀然無著,如此始有少分相應,透得三界境過,名為佛出世;不漏心相 ,名為無漏智;不作人天業,不作地獄業,不起一切心,諸緣盡不生,即此身心 是自由人,不是一向不生只是隨意而生。經云:菩薩有意生身,是也。忽若未會 無心,著相而作者,皆屬魔業,乃至作淨土佛事,并皆成業,乃名佛障,障汝心 故。被因果管束,去住無自由分,所以菩提等法,本不是有。如來所說皆事化人 ,猶如黃業為金,權止小兒啼故,實無有法,名阿耨菩提。如今既會此意,何用 區區;但隨緣消舊業,更莫造新殃,心裡明明,所以舊時見解總須舍卻。︽淨名 ︾云:除去所有。︽法華︾云:二十年中常令除糞,只是除去心中作見解處。又 云蠲除戲論之糞。所以如來藏本自空寂,並不停留一法。故經云:諸佛國土亦復 皆空。若言佛道是修學而得,如此見解全無交涉。或作一機一境揚眉動目只對相 當,便道契會也,得證悟禪理也。忽逢一人,便道都無所知,對他若得道理,心 中便歡喜;若被他折服不如他,便即心懷惆悵。如此心意學禪,有何交涉。任汝 會得少許道理,只得個心所法,禪道總沒交涉。所以達摩面壁,都不令人有見處 。故云:忘機是佛道,分別是魔境。此性縱汝迷時亦不失,悟時亦不得,天真自 性,本無迷悟,盡十方虛空界,元來是我一心體,縱汝動用造作,豈離虛空。虛 空本來,無大無小,無漏無為,無迷無悟,了了見無一物;亦無人,亦無佛,決 纖毫的量,是無依倚,無粘綴,一道清流,是自性無生法忍,何有擬議。真佛無 口,不解說法,真聽無耳,其誰聞乎,珍重! 師本是閩中人,幼於本州黃檗山出家,額間隆起如珠,音辭明潤,治意沖淡,後 遊天臺,逢一僧如舊識,乃同行,屬澗水暴漲,師倚丈而止,其僧率師同過。師 云:請兄先過,其僧即浮笠於水上便過。師云:我卻共個艄子作隊,悔不一棒打 殺。 有僧辭歸宗,宗云:往何處去?云:諸方學五味禪去。宗云:諸方有五味禪,我 這裡只是一味禪。云:如何是一味禪?宗便打。僧云:會也會也。宗云:道道。 僧擬開口,宗又打其僧後道師處,師問什麼處來?云:歸宗來。師云:歸宗有何 言句?僧遂舉前話。師乃上堂舉此因緣云:馬大師出八十四人善知識,問著個個 屙漉漉地,只有歸宗較些子。 師在鹽官會裡,大帝為沙彌,師於佛殿上佛禮。沙彌云:不著佛求,不著佛法, 不著眾求,長老禮拜,當所何求?師云:不著佛求,不著佛法,不著眾求,常禮 如是事。沙彌云:用禮為何,師便掌。沙彌云:太粗生。師云:這裡是什麼所在 ,說粗說細,隨後又掌,沙彌便走。 師行腳時道南泉,一日齋時,捧缽向南泉為\位上作。南全下來見,便問長老什 麼年中行道?師云:威音王已前。南泉云:猶是王老師孫在,師便下去。師一日 出次,南泉云:如許大身材,戴個些子大笠。師云:三千大千世界總在裡許。南 泉云:王老師喏!師戴笠便行。 師一日在茶堂內坐,南泉下來,問定慧等學,明見佛性,此理如何?師云:十二 時中不依倚一物。泉云:莫便是長老見處麼?師云:不敢。泉云:漿水錢且置, 草鞋錢什麼人還?師便休。後 山舉此因緣問仰山,莫是黃檗搆他南泉不得麼? 仰山云:不然,須知黃檗有陷虎之機。 山云:子見處得與麼長。 一日普請,泉問什麼處去?師云:摘菜去。泉云:將什麼摘?師豎起刀子。泉云 :只解作賓,不解作主。師扣三下。 一日五人新到,同時相看,一人不禮拜,以手畫一圓相而立。師云:還知道好支 獵犬麼?云:尋羚羊氣來。師云:羚羊無氣,汝向什麼處尋?云:尋羚羊跡來。 師云:羚王竹搆向汝什麼處尋?云:尋羚羊跡來。師云:羚羊無跡向什麼處尋? 云:與麼則死羚羊也。師便休。來日升座退,問昨日尋羚羊僧出來,其僧便出。 師云:老僧昨日後頭未有語在,作麼生?其僧無語。師云:將謂是本色衲僧,原 來只是義學沙門。 師曾散眾在洪州開元寺,裴相公一日入寺行次,見壁畫,乃問寺主,這畫是什麼 ?寺主云:畫高僧。相公云:形影在這裡,高僧在什麼處?寺主無對。相公云: 此間莫有禪僧麼?寺主云:有一人。相公遂請師相見,乃舉前話問師。師召云: 裴休!休應諾。師云:在什麼處。相公於言下有省,乃再請師開堂。 上堂云:汝等諸人盡是 酒糟漢,與麼行腳,笑沙他人,總似與麼容易,何處更 有今日,汝還知大唐國裡無禪麼?時有僧問,只如諸方見今出生,匡徒領眾為什 麼卻道無禪師?師云:不道無禪,只道無師。後 山舉此因緣問仰山云:意作麼 生?仰山云?鵝王擇乳,素非鴨類。 山云:此實難辯。 裴相一日托一尊佛於師前胡跪云:請師安名?師召云:裴休!休應喏。師云:與 汝安名竟。相公便禮拜。相公一日上詩一章,師接得便作卻,乃問會麼?相公云 :不會。師云:與麼不會,猶較些子,若形紙墨,何有吾宗。詩約:自從大士傳 心印,額有圓珠七尺身,挂錫十年栖蜀水,浮杯今日度漳濱;千徒龍象隨高步, 萬里香花結勝因,願欲事師為弟子,不知將法付何人。師答曰:心如大海無邊際 ,口土紅蓮養病身,雖有一雙無事手,不曾只揖等閑人。夫學道者,先須摒卻雜 學諸緣,決定不著;聞甚深法,恰似清風屆耳,瞥然而過,更不追尋,是為甚深 ,入如來禪,離生禪想。從上祖師唯傳一心,更無二法,指心是佛,頓超等妙二 覺之表,決定不流至第二念,始似入我宗門。如斯之法,汝取次人到這裡擬作麼 生學。所以到擬心時,被擬心魔縛;非非擬心時,又被非非擬心魔縛。魔非外來 ,出自你心。唯有無神通菩薩,足跡不可尋。若以一切中心有常見,即是常見外 道。若觀一切法空作空見者,即是斷見外道。所以三界唯心,萬法唯識,此猶是 對外道邪見人說。若說法身以為極果,此對三賢十聖人言。故佛斷二愚,一者微 細所知愚,二者極微細所之愚。佛既如是,更說什麼等妙二覺來。所以一切人但 欲向明,不欲向暗,但欲求悟,不受煩惱無明,便道佛是覺,眾生是妄。若作如 是見解,百劫千生輪迴六道,更無斷絕。何以故?為謗諸佛本源自性故。他分明 向你道,佛且不明,眾生且不暗,法無明暗故。佛且不強,眾生且不弱,法無強 弱故。佛且不智,眾生且不愚,法無愚智故。是你出頭總道解禪,開著口便發病 。不說本,只說末,不說迷,只說悟,不說禮,只說用,總無你話論處。他一切 法且本不有,今亦不無,緣起不有,緣滅不無;本亦不有,本非本故;心亦不心 ,心非心故;相亦相非,相非相故。所以道無法無本心,始解心心法,法即非法 ,非法即法;無法無非法,故是心心法。忽然瞥起一念,了知如幻如化,即流入 過去佛;過去佛且不有,未來佛且不無。又且不喚作為來佛。現再念念不住,不 喚作現在佛。佛若起時,即不擬他是覺是迷,是善是惡,輒不得執滯他,斷絕他 。如一念瞥起,千重關鎖鎖不得,萬丈繩索索他不住。既若如是,爭合便擬滅他 止他,分明向你道爾焰熾,妳作麼生擬斷他。喻如陽焰,你道近,十方世界求不 可得;你道遠,看時只在目前;你擬趁他,他又轉遠去;你始避他,他又來逐你 。取又不得,舍又不得。既若如此,故知一切法性自爾,即不用愁他慮他。 如言前念是凡,後念是聖,如手翻覆一般,此是三乘教之極也。據我禪宗中,前 念且不是凡,後念且不是聖,前念不是佛,後念不是眾生。所以一切色是佛色, 一切聲是佛聲。舉著一理,一切理皆然。見一事,見一切事;見一心,見一切心 ;見一道,見一切道,一切處無不是道;見一塵,十方世界山河大地皆然;見依 滴水,即見十方世界一切性水。又見一切法,即見一切心。一切法本空,心即不 無,不無即妙有,有亦不有,不有即有,即真空妙有。既若如是,十方世界,不 出我之一心;一切微塵國土,不出我之一念。若然,說什麼內與外,如蜜性甜, 一切蜜皆然,不可道這個蜜甜,餘的苦也。何處有與麼事,所以道虛空內外,法 性自爾。虛空無中間,法性自爾。故眾生即佛,佛即眾生,眾生與佛,元同一體 。生死涅槃,有為無為,元同一體。世間出世間,乃至六道四生,山河大地,有 性無性,亦同一體,言同者,名相亦空,有亦空,無亦空,盡恆沙世界,元是一 空。既若如此,何處有佛度眾生,何處有眾生受佛度,何故如此,萬法之性自爾 故。若自然見,即落自然外道;若作無我無我所見,墯在三賢十聖位中。你如今 云何將一尺一寸,便擬量度虛空。他分明向汝道法法不相到,法自寂故,當處自 住,當處自真,以身空故名法空,以心空故名行空,身心總空,故名法性空。乃 到千途異說,皆不離你之本心。如今說菩提涅槃真如佛性二乘菩薩者,皆指葉為 黃金。拳掌之說,若也展手之時。一切大眾若天若人,皆掌中都無一物。所以道 ,本來無一物,何處有塵埃。本既無物,三際本無所有。故學道人單刀直入,須 見這個意始得。故達摩大師從西天來至此土,經多少國土只覓得可大師一人,密 傳心印,印你本心,以心印法,以法印心,心既如此,法亦如此。同真際,等法 性,法性空中,誰授記人,誰是成佛人,誰是得法人。他分明向妳道,菩敵者不 可以身得,身無相故;不可以心得,心無相故;不可以性得,性即便是本源自性天 真佛故。不可以佛更得佛,不可以無相更得無相,不可以無空更得無空,不可以 無道更得無道,本無所得,無得亦不可得。所以道無一法可得,只教你了取本心 。當下了時,不得了相,無了無不了相,亦不可得。如此之法,得者即得,得得 者不自覺知,不得者亦不自覺知。如此之法,從上已來,有幾人得知,所以道, 天下忘己者有幾人。如今於一機一境一經一教一世一時一名一字六根門前領得, 與機關木人何別?忽有一人出來,不於一名一相上作解者,我說此人盡十方世界 覓這個人不可得,以無第二人故。繼於祖位,亦云釋種,無雜純一。故言王若成 佛時,王子亦隨出家,此意大難知,只教你莫覓,覓便失卻。如癡人山上叫一聲 ,響從谷出,便走下山趁,及尋覓不得,又叫一聲,山上響又應,亦走上山上趁 。如是千生萬劫,只是尋聲逐響人,虛生浪死漢。汝若無聲即無響。涅槃者,無 聞無知無聲,絕跡絕蹤,若得如是,稍與祖師鄰房也。 問:如王庫藏內,都無如是刀,伏願誨示?師云:王庫藏者,即虛空性也。能攝 十方虛空世界,皆總不出你心,亦謂之虛空藏菩薩;你若道是有是無,非有非無 ,總成羊角;羊角者,即你求覓者也。 問:王藏中有真刀否?師云:此亦是羊角。云:若王庫藏中本無真刀,何故云王 子持王庫中真刀出至異國,何獨言無?師云:持刀出者,此喻如來使者,你若言 王子持王庫中真刀出去者,庫中應空去也。本源虛空性,不可被異人將去,是什 麼語?設你有者,皆名羊角。 問:迦葉授佛心印得為傳語人否?師云:是。云:若是傳語人,應不離得羊角。 師云:迦葉自領得本心,所以不是羊角;若以領得如來心,見如來意,見如來色 相者,即屬如來使,為傳語人。所以阿難為侍者二十年,但見如來色相,所以被 佛訶云。唯觀救世者,不能離得羊角。 問:文殊執劍於嘀瞿曇前者如何?師云:五百菩薩得宿命智,見過去生業障;五 百者即你五陰身是,以見此夙命障故,求佛求菩薩涅槃,所以文殊將智解劍,害 此有見佛心故,故言你善害。云:何者是劍。云:解心既是劍,斷此有見佛心, 只如能斷見心,何能除得?師云:還將你無分別智,斷此有見分別心。云:如作 有見有求佛心,將無分別智劍斷,爭奈有智劍在何?師云:若無分別智,害有見 無見,無分別智亦不可得。云:不可以智更斷智,不可以劍更斷劍。師云:劍自 害劍,劍劍相害,即劍亦不可得;智自害智,智智相害,即智亦不可得。母子俱 喪,亦復如是。 問:如何是見性?師云:性即是見,見即是性,不可以性更見性,聞即是性,不 可以性更聞性。只你作性見能聞能見性,便有一異法生,他分明道所可見進,不 可更見。你云何頭上更著頭,他分明道如盤中散珠,大者大圓,小者小圓,各各 不相知,各各不相礙,起時不言我起,滅時不言我滅,所以四生六道,未有不如 時,且眾生不見佛,佛不見眾生,四果不見四向,四向不見四果,三賢十聖不見 等妙二覺,等妙二覺不見三賢十聖,乃至水不見火,火不見水,地不見風風不見 地,眾生不入法界,佛不出法界。所以法性無去來,無能所見,既如此,因什麼 道我見我聞,善知識處得契悟,善知識與我說法,請佛出世與眾生說法。迦旃延 只為以生滅心傳實相法,被淨名呵責。分明道一切法本來無縛,何用解他;本來 不染,何用淨他。故云實相如是,豈可說惚。汝今只成是非心,染淨心,學得一 知一解,繞天下行,見人便擬定當取,誰有心眼,誰強誰弱,若也如此,天地懸 殊,更說什麼見性。 問:既言性即見,見即性,只如性自無障礙,無量限,云何隔物即不見?又虛空 中,近即見,遠即不見者,如何?師云:此是你妄生異見,若言隔物不見,無物 言見,便謂性有隔礙者,全無交涉。性且非見非不見,法亦非見非不見。若見性 人,何處不是我之本性。所以六道四生山河大地,總是我之性淨明體。故見色便 見心,色心不異故。只為取相作聞覺知,去卻前物始擬得見者,即墯二乘人中依 通見解也。虛空中近則見,遠則不見,此是外道中收,分明道非內亦非外,非近 亦非遠,近而不可見者,萬物之性也。近尚不可見,更道遠而不可見,有什麼意 旨。問學人不會,和尚如何指示?師云:我無一物,從來不曾將一物與人,你無 始已來,只為被人指示,覓契覓會此可不是弟子與師俱陷王難;你但知一念不受 ,即是無受身;一念不想,即是無想身;決定不遷流造作,即是無行身;莫思量 卜度分別,即是無識身。你如今才別起一念,即入十二因緣,無明緣行亦因亦果 ,乃至老死亦因亦果。故善財童子一百一十處求善知識,只向十二因緣中求,最 後見彌勒,彌勒卻指見文殊,文殊者即汝本地無明。若心心別異向外求善知識者 ,一念才生即滅,才滅又生,所以汝等比丘,亦生亦老亦病亦死,酬因答果已來 ,即五聚之生滅,五聚者五陰也。一念不起,即十八界空,即身便是菩提華果, 即心便是靈智,亦云靈臺,若有所住著,即身為死屍,亦云守死屍鬼。問:淨名 默然,文殊贊嘆云:是真入不二法門,如何?師云:不二法門,即你本心也。說 與不說,即有起滅,無言說時,無所顯示,故文殊贊嘆。云:淨名不說,聲有斷 滅否?師云:語即默,默即語,語默不二,故云聲之實性亦無斷滅,文殊本聞亦 無斷滅。所以如來常說,未曾有不說時;如來說即是法,法即是說,法說不二故 ;乃至報化二身,菩薩聲聞,山河大地,水鳥樹林,一時說法;所以語亦說,默 亦說,終日說而未嘗說。既若是,但以默為本。問:聲聞藏形於三界,不能藏於 菩提者,如何?師云:形者質也,聲聞人但能斷三見修,已離煩惱,不能藏於菩 提,故還被魔王於菩提中捉得,於林中宴坐,還成微細見菩提心也。菩提人已於 三界菩提決定不舍不取,不取故,七大中覓他不得,不舍故,外魔亦覓他不得。 汝但擬著一法印子早成也。印著有,及六道四生文出,印著空,即無相文現。如 今但知決定不印一切物,此印為虛空不一不二。空本不空,印本不有。十方虛空 世界諸佛出世,如見電光一般;觀一切蠢動含靈如響一般;見十方微塵國土,恰 似海中一滴水相似;聞一切甚深法,如幻如化,心心不異,法法不異,乃至千經 萬論,只為你之一心;若不取一切相,故言如是一心中,方便勤莊嚴。 問:如我昔為歌利王割裁身體如何?師云:仙人者即是你心,歌利王好求也,不 首王位±謂之貪利。如今學人,不積功累德,見者便擬學,與歌王何別。如見色 時壞卻仙人眼,聞生時,壞卻仙人耳,乃至覺知時,亦復如是,喚作節節支解。 云:只如仙人忍時,不何更有節節支解,不可一心忍,一心不忍也。師云:你作 無生見,忍辱解,無求解,總是傷損。云:仙人割時,還知痛否?又云:此中無 受者,是誰受痛?師云:你既不痛,出頭來覓個甚麼? 問:然燈佛授記,為在五百歲中,五百歲外?師云:五百歲中不得授記,所授記 者,你本決定不忘,不失有為,不取菩提,但以了世非世,亦不出五百歲舀外別 授記,亦不於五百歲中得授記。云:了世三際相不可得已否?師云:無一法可得 。云:何故言頻經五百世,前後極時長。師云:五百世長遠,當之猶是仙人,故 然授燈記時,實無少法可得。 問:教中云,銷我億劫顛倒想,不歷僧只獲法身者,如何?師云:若以三無數劫 修行,有所證得者,盡恆沙劫不得;若於一剎那中獲得法身,直了見性者,猶是 三乘教之極談也。何以故?以見法身可獲故,皆屬不了義教中收。 問:見法頓了者,見祖師意否?師云:祖師出虛空外。云:有限量否?師云:有 無限量,此皆數量對待之法。祖師云:且非有限量,非無限量,非非有無限量, 以絕待故。你如今學者,未能出得三乘教外,爭喚作禪師,分明相汝道,一等學 禪,莫取次妄生異見,如人飲水,冷暖自知,一行一往一剎那間,念念不異若不 是,不免輪迴。問:佛身無為,不墯諸數,何故佛身舍利八斛四斗?師云:你作 如是見,只見假舍利,不見真舍利。云:舍利為是本有,為復功勳?師云:非是 本有,亦非功勳。云:若非本有,又非功勳,何故如來舍利,唯煉唯精,金骨常 存?師乃呵云:你作如此見解,爭喚作學禪人,你見虛空曾有骨存否?諸佛心同 太虛,覓什麼骨?云:如今見有舍利,此是何法?師云:此從你妄想心生,即見 舍利。云:和尚還有舍利否,請將出來看?師云真舍利難見,你但以十指撮盡妙 高峰為塵,即見真舍利。 夫參禪學道,須得一切處不生心,只論忘機即佛道隆,分別即魔軍盛,畢竟無毛 頭許少法可得。 問:祖傳法付與何人?師云:無法與人。云:云何得二祖請師安心?師云:你若 道有,二祖即合覓得心,覓心不可得故。所以道與你安心竟,若有所得,全歸生 滅。 問佛窮得無明否?師云:無明即是一切諸佛得道之處,所以緣起是道場。所見一 塵一色,便合無邊性,舉足下足不離道場,道場者無所得也。我向你道只無所得 ,名為坐道場。云:無名者為明為暗?師云:非明非暗明暗是代謝之法,無明且 不明,亦不暗,不明只是本明,不明不暗,只這一句子,亂卻天下人眼。所以道 假使滿世間,皆如舍利弗,盡思共度量,不能測佛智,其無礙慧,出過虛空,無 你語論處。釋迦等三千大千世界,忽有一菩薩出來一跨,跨卻三千大千世界,不 出普賢一毛孔,你如今把什麼本領擬學他?云:既是學不得,為什麼道規源性無 二,方便有多門,如之何?師云:歸源性無二者,無明實性,即諸佛性。方變有 多門者,即諸佛性。方便有多門者,聲聞人見無明生,見無明滅;緣覺人但見無 明滅,不見無明生,念念證寂滅;諸佛見眾生終日生而無生,終日滅而無滅,無 生無滅,即大乘果。所以道果滿菩提圓,華開世界起。舉足即佛,下足即眾生。 諸佛兩足尊者,即理足,事足,眾生足,生死足,一切等足,足故不求。是你如 今念念學佛,即嫌著眾生,若嫌著眾生,即是謗他十方諸佛,所以佛出世來執除 糞器,蠲除戲論之糞,只教你除卻從來學心見心,除得盡,即不墜戲論,亦云搬 糞出。只教你心生,心若不生±自然成大智者,決定不分別佛與眾生,一切盡不 分別,始得入我曹溪門下。故自古先聖云:少行我法門,所以無行為法門,只是 一心門,一切人到這裡盡不敢入,不道全無,只是少人得,得者即是佛,珍重! 問:如何得不落階級?師云:終日吃飯,未曾咬著一粒米; 工作準備   <筠州黃檗山斷際禪師傳法心要>   <黃檗斷際禪師宛陵錄> 禪宗典籍由於「教外別傳不立文字」,故而於文字的傳達工作上,需要更豐 富的傳 達形式,才能符合宗門教學之所需,因此在其文字法脈的形式上就較其它佛典更 為豐富 了,一般說來有下列三種格式: 直述:在自我理解情境中的觀念演示。   設問:對於為著觀念傳達而假定設立的問題所作的自問自答。   問答:帶著作用操作的功夫活動。 主要是「直述」及「設問」式的觀念表述形式,當下作用的「問答」形式亦 有,但不 是觀念表述的主要形式。 論旨:闡述禪們功夫心法的絕對形式,即是一個即心即佛的自家本事,以及 不假外求      的活動形式。 題材上多有法華經的典故宗旨,所使用的名相解語並不特別地多。 方法:所有的論述皆在指向自性本源清淨心的展示形式是一個絕對的主體完 整自我 同一之情狀,故而不假外求不作分別當下即是。 理論體系的方法論建構:   *** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 筠州黃檗山斷際禪師傳法心要 *** Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will be renamed. 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